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Osmanli Dönemi Balkanlar’Da Gündelik Hayat Daily Life in the Balkans in the Ottoman Empire Era

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Osmanli Dönemi Balkanlar’Da Gündelik Hayat Daily Life in the Balkans in the Ottoman Empire Era OSMANLI DÖNEMİ BALKANLAR’DA GÜNDELİK HAYAT DAILY LIFE IN THE BALKANS IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE ERA EDİTÖRLER /EDITED BY Prof. Dr. Zafer GÖLEN & Doç. Dr. Abidin TEMİZER Ankara 2018 Yayın Koordinatörü • Yaşar HIZ Yayın Koordinatörü/ Broadcaste Coordinator• Yaşar HIZ Genel Yayın Yönetmeni / General Publishing Director • Aydın ŞİMŞEK Editörler / Edited by • Prof. Dr. Zafer GÖLEN Doç. Dr. Abidin TEMİZER Kapak Tasarım / Cover Design • Selin TEMANA İç Tasarım / Interior • Gürkan GÖÇER Birinci Basım / First Edition• © Şubat 2018 / February 2018-ANKARA ISBN: 978-605-288-239-9 © copyright Bu kitabın yayın hakkı Gece Kitaplığı’na aittir. Kaynak gösterilmeden alıntı yapılamaz, izin almadan hiçbir yolla çoğaltılamaz. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by an means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the publisher’s permission. Yayıncı / Publisher Gece Kitaplığı Adres /Adress: Kızılay Mah. Fevzi Çakmak 1. Sokak Ümit Apt No: 22/A Çankaya/ ANKARA Tel / Phone: +90 312 384 80 40 web: www.gecekitapligi.com e-posta: [email protected] Baskı & Cilt / Printing & Binding Bizim Büro Matbaa Sanayi 1. Cadde Sedef Sk. No: 6/1 İskitler - Ankara Sertifika No: 26649 Tel: 0312 229 99 28 OSMANLI DÖNEMİ BALKANLAR’DA GÜNDELİK HAYAT DAILY LIFE IN THE BALKANS IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE ERA EDİTÖRLER /EDITED BY Prof. Dr. Zafer GÖLEN & Doç. Dr. Abidin TEMİZER Ankara 2018 Prof. Dr. Zafer GÖLEN 970’de Almanya’nın Hilpoltstein kentinde dünyaya geldi. İlk, orta ve lise eğitimini Samsun/Bafra’da 1 tamamladı. 1987 yılında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tarih Bölümüne kaydoldu. 1991 yılında üniversiteden mezun olan Gölen, aynı yılın Kasım ayında Adana Kadirli Yoğunoluk Ortaokulunda Tarih öğretmeni olarak göreve başladı. 1995 yılında Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’ne araştırma görevlisi olarak atandı. 1996 yılında Yüksek Lisansını, 2001 yılında doktorasını tamamladı. 2010’da doçent, 2015’de profesörlüğe yükseltildi. Akademik çalışmalarını Balkan Tarihi üzerine yoğunlaştıran Gölen’in Baruthane-i Amire; Çanakkale’den Cumhuriyet’e Cumhuriyetten Geleceğe; Tanzimat Dönemi Bosna Hersek İsyanları; Tanzimat Döneminde Bosna Hersek; Şark Meselesi ve Milli Mücadele adlı basılı 5 kitabı bulunmaktadır. Gölen ayrıca Burdur Kitabı-I, II, III, IV; Kuva-yı Milliye’den Cumhuriyete Burdur; Balkan Tarihi-I-II, Osmanlı Dönemi Balkan Şehirleri 3 Cilt, adlı 8 kitabın da editörlüğünü yapmıştır. Gölen’in çoğunluğu Bosna Hersek’le ilgili olmak üzere yurtiçi ve yurtdışında yayınlanmış 60’ın üzerinde makale ve tebliği vardır. Zafer Gölen evli, İlayda ve İlber adlı iki çocuk babasıdır. Doç. Dr. Abidin TEMİZER 981 yılında Van’ın Gürpınar ilçesinde doğdu. İlk, orta ve lise eğitimini Van’da tamamladı. Lisans 1 Eğitimini 1999-2003 yılları arasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tarih Bölümünde aldı. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tarih Bölümünde 2007 yılında Yüksek Lisans eğitimini “Osmanlı-Karadağ Sınır Anlaşmazlıkları ve Çözümü (1878-1912)” başlıklı tezi ile; Doktora Eğitimini 2013 yılında “Karadağ’ın Sosyal ve Ekonomik Yapısı (1853-1913)” başlıklı tezi ile tamamladı. 2005-2008 yılları arasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tarih Bölümünde Araştırma Görevlisi, 2009- 2014 yılları arasında Balıkesir Üniversitesi Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarih Bölümü’nde Okutman olarak çalıştır. 2014 yılı Mayıs ayında Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’ne Yardımcı Doçent olarak atanan Temizer, 2015 yılında doçentliğe yükseltildi. Abidin Temizer’in çalışmaları Karadağ ve Balkan tarihi üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyete Karadağ’da Türk Sefirleri ve Şehbenderleri; Şefik Avni Özüdoğru’nun Serbest Fırka Hatıratı, Türk İnkılabı Tarihi adlı üç kitabı bulunmaktadır. Balkan Tarihi Araştırmalarına Metodolojik Yaklaşımlar, Balkan Tarihi I-II; Osmanlı Dönemi Balkan Şehirleri 3 Cilt, South-East European Diplomacy: 100 Years Since the Balkan Wars isimli kitaplara da editörlük yapmıştır. Karadağ, Sırbistan, Romanya ve Samsun ile ilgili yurtiçinde ve yurtdışında yayımlanmış çok sayıda makale ve bildirisi bulunmaktadır. Abidin Temizer evli ve iki çocuk babasıdır. İÇİNDEKİLER / CONTENTS KISALTMALAR / ABBREVIATIONS /–V- ÖN SÖZ / PREFACE /-VII- HAKEM KURULU / REFEREE BOARD /-XI- I. BÖLÜM /CHAPTER I BALKANLAR’DA GÜNDELİK YAŞAM DALIY LIFE IN THE BALKANS Türkan ERDOĞAN / -1- Sosyolojik Açıdan Gündelik Yaşam Kavramı Concept of Everyday Life from Sociological Perspective Ema MILJKOVIĆ / -33- Everyday Life in The Sanjak of Smederevo During the First Century of the Ottoman Administration: Urban vs. Rural Zübeyde G. YAĞCI - Mustafa AKKAYA / -51- XVIII. Yüzyılda Bir Serhat Şehri Olan Vidin’de Askerler: Gündelik Yaşam Üzerine Değerlendirme Soldiers in Vidin on the Border (Serhad) City of 18th Century: The Evaluation of Daily Life Osman KÖKSAL / -99- Osmanlı Sosyokültürel Hayatının Teneffüs ve Tenevvür Mekânları: Son Devir Selanik Tekkeleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme Englightenment and Inhalation Places of Ottoman Socio-Cultural Life: An Evaluation about Dervish Lodges of Salonica at Last Period II | İÇİNDEKİLER / CONTENTS Selçuk DEMİR / -129- Osmanlı Dönemi Balkan Vakıflarında Gündelik Hayat –Tırnova Çatalzade Mahmud Efendi Vakfı Örneği- Everyday Life in the Balkan Foundations during the Ottoman Period -Example of Tarnavo Çatalzade Mahmud Efendi Foundation- Mehmet Yavuz ERLER-M. Selçuk ÖZKAN/ -145- Dukakin Sancaği ve Çevresi Nüfus Defteri ve Gündelik Yaşama Dair Düşündürdükleri Dukakin's District and Vicinity, Population Registry and Thoughts on Everyday Life II. BÖLÜM /CHAPTER II BALKANLAR’DA GÜNDELİK YAŞAMIN EDEBİYATTAKİ İZLERİ THE TRACES OF DALIY LIFE IN BALKANS IN THE LITERATURE Alena ĆATOVIĆ & Sabina BAKŠIĆ / -181- Bosnalı Divan Şairlerinin Gündelik Yaşamının Dil ve Eedebiyata Yansıması (Edimbilim Açısından Şiirdeki Şikâyetler ve Övgüler) Daily Life in the Poems and Literature of Bosnian Divan Poets (Linguistic Aspect of Complains and Compliments in Poetry İÇİNDEKİLER / CONTENTS | III Bülent Cercis TANRITANIR / -193- Statue and Position of Women From a Western Woman Perspective in Terms of The Ottoman Rule as to Thesis, Antithesis and Synthesis Theory: Letters from Turkey by Mary Worthley Montagu İsmail AVCI / -209- Bölgesel Ağzın (Rumeli) Aruza Yansımasına Bir Örnek: “Vasl-ı H” An Example of the Reflection of A Regional (Rumelia) Dialect in Aruz Prosody: “Vasl-ı H” M. Onur HASDEDEOĞLU / -227- Ömer Seyfettin’in Hikâyelerinde Balkan Coğrafyası ve Gündelik Yaşam The Balkans and The Daily Life in The Stories of Ömer Seyfettin Reyhan İsmet ÖZSARI / -277- Rumeli’nin Çok Kültürlü Yapısının Necati Cumalı’nın “Makedonya 1900” Adlı Eserine Yansıyan Panoramik Tasviri The Panoramic Description of Rumelia’s Multi-Cultural Structure of Necati Cumalı’s Story Named “Makedonia 1900” Tamás CSERNYEI / -301- The Turkic Influence on Balkans’ Transhumance As Reflected by Lexical Copies: A Study of Turkic Elements in Eastern Romance Varieties KISALTMALAR / ABBREVIATIONS a.g.e. : Adı geçen eser a.g.m. : Adı geçen makale a.g.t. : Adı geçen tez A.MKT. NZD. : Sadaret, Nezâret ve Devâir Evrakı A.MKT. UM. : Sadaret Mektubî Kalemi Umûm Vilâyât A.MTZ (04). : Sadaret Eyalet-i Mümtaze Bulgaristan Evrakı AE. SAMD. III : Ali Emiri III. Ahmed BEO. : Bâb-ı Âlî Evrak Odası Bkz. : Bakınız BOA. : Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi C. : Cilt C.ADL. : Cevdet Adliye C.AS. : Cevdet Askeriye C.DRB. : Cevdet Darphane C.ML. : Cevdet Maliye Der. : Derleyen DH. MKT. : Dâhiliye Nezareti Mektubî Kalemi DH.ŞFR. : Dahiliye Nezâreti Şifre Evrakı DİA : Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi e.t. : Erişim Tarihi Ed. : Editor H. : Hicri H. H. : Hatt-ı Hümâyûnlar: Haz. : Hazırlayan HR.MKT. : Hariciye Nezareti Mektubi Kalemi HR.TO. : Hariciye Nezareti Tercüme Odası İ.DH. : Dâhiliye Nezareti İradeleri VI | KISALTMALAR / ABBREVIATIONS İ.HR. : Hariciye Nezareti İradeleri İ.MSM. : Mesâil-i Mühimme İrâdeleri İ.MVL. : Meclis-i Vala İradeleri (): 1037/30. İA : İslam Ansiklopedisi İE.MDN. : İbnülemin Meadin KK : Kamil Kepeci KKA : Kuyud-ı Kadime Arşivi M. : Miladi MEB : Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı ML.VRD. : Maliye Nezareti Varidat Kalemi MVL. : Meclis-i Vala p. : Page S. : Sayı s. : Sayfa ss. : Sayfa Sayısı TFR.I.A. : Rumeli Müfettişliği Sadaret Evrakı TFR.I.ŞKT. : Rumeli Müfettişliği Arzuhaller TKGM : Tapu ve Kadastro Genel Müdürlüğü TTK : Türk Tarih Kurumu Vol. : Volume Y. MTV. : Yıldız Mütenevvi Maruzat Kalemi Y.A.RES. : Yıldız Sadâret Resmî Maruzât Y.PRK.ASK. : Yıldız Perakende Askerî Maruzât Y.PRK.BŞK. : Yıldız Perakende Mâbeyn Başkitâbeti Yay. : Yayınları ÖN SÖZ BTAK (Uluslararası Balkan Tarihi Araştırmaları Komitesi) bir grup bilim insanı tarafından Balkan Tarihi araştırmacılarını bir U çatı altında toplamayı ve ortak bilgi birikimi üretmeyi hedefleyen akademik-sivil bir oluşumdur. UBTAK kendine dört temel misyon belirlemiştir. Bunlardan ilki UBTAS (Uluslararası Balkan Tarihi Araştırmaları Sempozyumu) adı altında sempozyumlar düzenleyerek bu vesile ile Balkan Tarihi araştırmacılarının birbirlerini tanımalarını, çalışmalarından haberdar olmalarını sağlamaktır. İkincisi Balkan Tarihi hakkında spesifik konularda bilgi üretimine katkı yapmak ve özellikle Balkan tarihi yazımında Osmanlı arşivlerini ön plana çıkarmak, üçüncüsü sempozyumlarda sunulan bildirileri mutlaka kitap haline dönüştürmek, dördüncüsü ise Balkan Tarihi araştırmacılarının çalışma sahalarını tanımalarını sağlamaktır. Bu yüzden UBTAK teorik çalışmalara olduğu kadar saha tetkiklerine de önem veren bir oluşumdur. UBTAK’ın en güçlü yanı da budur. UBTAK her etkinlik sonrası gerçekleştirdiği zengin sosyal
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