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Home , Althea Gibson, Billie Jean King, Darlene Hard, Justine Henin, Margaret Court, Maria Bueno

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REWIND FEATURE Starting this month Tennis Threads will be featuring Champions of the Past in order that they should not be forgotten. Many writers make comparisons with names from previous generations but few actually remember what they have achieved! 56 Tennis Threads | tennisthreads.net THE SAO PAULO SWALLOW regular in the Royal “She was so and so were the kids,” Living in a house just across the street Box at Wimbledon, Bueno told CNN’s Open Court show. from the Clube de Regatas Tiete in Sâo Maria Esther Bueno “They played -- it was something that I Paulo, the Bueno family spent most A is the Brazilian who didn’t expect. It was a coincidence that of their spare time there, so it was put women’s tennis on I was there and I got to know them very inevitable that baby Maria would grow the map and became the first South well.” accustomed to the sound of bouncing American superstar of the game. She A seat in the Royal Box alongside tennis balls. was the Queen of the Courts in the celebrities and royalty is now a familiar early sixties and in later years became environment for one of the youngest of It was only a matter of time before a close friend to Princess Diana as Wimbledon champions in her day, who Pedro and then, a little later, Maria were recollected in an interview with CNN. from the outset was rubbing shoulders playing with tennis balls and wielding “She was fabulous,” Bueno recalled the with the residents of Buckingham rackets themselves. A close unit, the time she was called to play with the Palace. British royals on the day that Diana and “I had a special dinner with the Duke of her children William and Harry, turned Edinburgh and for 20 days beforehand up at the Harbour Club in London. I had protocol telling me what I should do,” she remembered. “I was so late for the dinner because of the traffic, so I asked what I should do and someone said I should go in and apologise. attends the Women’s Sports Foundation 25th annual “I did and tapped on the Duke’s shoulder awards dinner on October -- one of the biggest sins! 18, 2004 in New York City. “He just said, ‘Ah, sit down,’ and he was really funny -- he couldn’t care less whether I was late or early, and we had a wonderful time. “But then I had to write a lot of letters to apologise to Buckingham Palace and Wimbledon for being late.” While she might have flouted protocol then, there were no such problems with Princess Diana, who dispensed with such formalities. “She made sure that nobody else did anything when she was there. She wanted to be treated like everybody would. She was fantastic with that.” As regard’s Maria Bueno’s earlier career, she had no formal coaching often Picture © Tennis Foundation practising with her late brother Pedro. Picture © Tennis Foundation tennisthreads.net | Tennis Threads 57

Bueno family supported each other fifties starting in Florida where, as an Double’s title in partnership with another throughout their lives. unchaperoned 17-year-old, she won the all-time great, . Rackets were handed down the line prestigious Championships. She had won the Italian Championships from father to mother, mother to brother She had travelled alone on a one-way at her first attempt, causing a stir in and finally to the youngest, Maria, who ticket donated by the club to get there. Rome more akin with Hollywood stardom learnt to hit the ball solidly with an As she burst onto the international circuit than the tennis court. Not since the days extremely heavy racket for her age and experts whispered words like ‘genius’ of was the public’s build. while others, less charitable, said ‘lucky adoration captured in quite the same She was a net-charger with an almost to be born with such abundant talent’; way. impatient, aggressive game that was but, according to Jimmy Jones in Lawn honed into a variety of killer shots. Tennis Magazine, the truth lay elsewhere These were the days when women’s Modelling her service action from a – remembering the truism ‘genius is matches were allocated to the back picture of in a book, Bueno 10 per cent inspiration, 90 per cent courts, but Bueno’s were always centre used her eyes well to observe how all perspiration’. stage at the Foro Italico, set in front the good players hit the ball. She taught It wasn’t long before she was in Europe of a capacity crowd. Even the men’s herself, using her natural ability and to take the Wimbledon Championships extraordinary talent to play her way up FORMER WIMBLEDON by storm collecting the first of her three CHAMPIONS through the club leagues and attain the singles titles in 1959 and establishing (from L-R) , Billie Jean top spot on the number one court at her herself as an icon of the game with her King, , and Maria home club as a junior. fluid style, vast repertoire of shots and Bueno stand in the Royal Box after being presented with an inscribed crystal bowl from Having won all the various age groups grace which set her apart from many of the HRH Duchess of Gloucester on July 1, at the Brazilian Nationals she rose to her contemporaries. A year earlier, aged 2006 in honour of their successes the top of the world game in the late 17, she won the Wimbledon Women’s at The Championships. 58 Tennis Threads | tennisthreads.net

locker room would empty as players She stood 5’6” in her tennis breath-taking boldness and panache, abandoned their card games to watch shoes, was slim with dark hair and the lithe Brazilian became the first her. epitomised the glamour of Latin South American woman to win the It was where her power and style of America and was quickly picked Wimbledon singles” while Gwen play was first noted, at that 1958 Italian up by Teddy Tinling, couturier to Robyns wrote, “She looked like an Open which she also won in 1961 and the tennis stars, who provided her exotic Siamese cat as she roamed the 1965, where she beat Britain’s best, with dresses which enhanced her court. Maria was sinuous, sensuous Shirley Bloomer and then ’s movement and grace about the and feminine. They called her the best, Lorraine Coughlin, to claim the title. court. She was regularly compared Queen of Wimbledon.” Following that win she was reported as to the legendary Suzanne Lenglen In his book ‘100 Wimbledon hitting ‘the ball with the power of a man and later the effervescent Evonne Championships. A Celebration’, John … serves hard and rushes the net at Goolagong (Cawley), the only Barrett was even more poetical. every opportunity.’ players who came near to matching “Between 1959 and 1964 we were Writing in 1960, ’s her balletic play. treated to three regal wins from the Herbert Warren Wind said: “If you like It was her elegance and artistry artistic racket of the elegant queen of graceful women and good tennis, you which captured not only the public’s Brazilian tennis, Maria Bueno. Here can watch Maria Bueno all day.” imagination, but that of the press. In was poetry in motion whose every She was born in Sao Paulo on the 11th his ‘Tennis Encyclopaedia’, the late movement combined the grace of a October 1939 and in recognition of American Bud Collin remembered ballet dancer with the controlled power her ‘swooping’ style at the net where her as “… the incomparably of a top gymnast.” she delivered piercing volleys, she was balletic and flamboyant Bueno. She retained her Wimbledon title dubbed the ‘The Sao Paulo Swallow’. Volleying beautifully, playing with in 1960 and won it again in 1964 and the US title in 1959, 1963-64 Picture © Douglas Miller/Keystone/Getty Images and 1966. Her 1959 successes prompted a ticker-tape homecoming and the Brazilian Post Office to issue in that year, a stamp in honour of their history-making heroine – the first non- American to win both Wimbledon and the US Nationals at Forest Hills (now the Open) in the same year. In total Bueno won 19 of 35 major singles, doubles, and mixed doubles titles. In tennis history, only nine women players, including Maria Bueno, have won three Wimbledon and US Championships during their career which also saw her declared the top woman player in the world before computer rankings were introduced. She was ‘ranked’ No.1 in 1959, 1960, 1964, and 1966. She is 12th on the All-time list of champions, sharing that spot with Dorothea Lambert Chambers,

MARIA BUENO holds up the trophy after she won the Wimbledon Women’s Singles Finals for a third time by beating Margaret Smith (Court).of Australia. tennisthreads.net | Tennis Threads 59

Evonne Goolagong, and 10-12 6-4, then Bueno , all having won 7 major won back-to-back titles singles titles. on 1963 and ’64 beating In addition, Bueno won 12 doubles and respectively Court (7-5 mixed doubles titles with six different 6-4) and Carole Graebner partners and was the first woman to (6-1 6-0) making her capture a doubles calendar Grand last appearance in 1966 Slam in 1960. when she dismantled (6-3 6-1). During those years she maintained an exhausting schedule, reaching the She was ranked in the quarter-finals of the first 26 majors she world’s top ten from played and competing in all corners of 1958 to 1968 when the the world to garner 598 titles in total! game went Open but was unable to take advantage But it was her performances at of the professional game Grand Slam level which carved her as illness and various name in the history books. Only once injuries disrupted her was she extended to three sets in a career. Championship round and that was In 1961 she contracted against Margaret Smith Court in her hepatitis and was confined third Wimbledon final, 1964, which she to bed for eight months, won 6-4 7-9 6-3. That was her last during which her weight triumph at SW19 though she was a dropped by 24 lbs, and finalist in 1965 and ‘66 losing to Court in 1965 endured knee and respectively. surgery. She beat the American It was a wet Wimbledon 6-4 6-3 to win her first in ‘59 and in 1967 that demanded recollects: “Winning Wimbledon in Bueno played matches 1959 was the greatest moment of back to back and a total of my career. It was a bit unexpected as I 120 games in just one day was very young – 17 years old. Coming that destroyed her arm from where we only had clay and her career, causing courts, we didn’t have the chance to her to later withdraw from really play on grass, so winning the first Forest Hills. Although the fundamental MARIA BUENO time was huge and a big surprise.” physical damage had been done, she with all the grace of a A few months later she was in Forest continued to play for another season ballerina, in action in NSW Australia 1959 Hills and reached the final of the US with some considerable success. Nationals (now Open) where she faced Ironically, she was stopped at the1968 and dismantled Britain’s No.1 Christine Wimbledon in the quarters by Nancy Truman, 6-1 6-4. Richey while suffering from a bad leg unable to use her playing arm even On her return to Wimbledon the but went on to New York to defeat to pick up a glass. Doctors told her following year she stormed through the Margaret Court in three sets in the the damage was so severe she would draw as the top seed to successfully quarter-finals before losing to King by a never play again. defend her title against the South similar score. Several operations virtually rebuilt her African Price, who She claimed her final Grand Slam title arm and shoulder and it is a credit to did provide her with a challenge in the by winning the doubles with Court, Bueno’s strength of resolve that she opening set but then faded away 8-6 beating the top seeded pair of King rehabilitated herself for a third time 6-0. and Casals 4-6 9-7 8-6, her fifth US over a long and difficult seven years As at Wimbledon, Bueno was ever doubles crown. of recovery, proving the medics wrong present at the US Nationals, contesting Bueno was finally forced to retire in and making a remarkable come-back five championship matches to claim early 1969 during the Caribbean in the mid-seventies, winning the Japan four titles. In 1960 Hard won 6-4 Circuit in Caracas when she was Open and her biggest pay-check 60 Tennis Threads | tennisthreads.net

Picture © Keystone/Getty Images

of $6,000 in 1974, and once again placing herself at risk. She had proved MARIA BUENO gracing Wimbledon in 1976 and 1977. her , mostly to herself, and had in action against Billie Jean already in a sense succeeded against Moffitt (Billie Jean King) of the Bueno’s popularity was as great as ever USA at Wimbledon 1963. but her adoring public had little idea of the odds. the sacrifices she was making to play She did make further appearances again in the one place she loved the in the doubles, playing her last open the event and the setting rather most – the . event at Wimbledon in 1980 and her than a point by point account of the Having to restrict her play to just one immortality in Brazil endures forever, match. After all, they can see what is hour a day to help save the arm, and with an airmail postage stamp, three happening on the screen, can’t they?” with the aid of Cortisone injections to statues, a mural and a sculpture in her She has since become a regular reduce the inflammation, Bueno made it name. contributor for Wimbledon, the US through the draw to meet Britain’s Sue Bueno was inducted into the Open and other major tennis events as Barker in the quarter-finals. International Tennis Hall of Fame in well as covering the 2012 London and It was a nostalgic match that started 1978 and named the Best Latin the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, where with Bueno dominating to win the first American Tennis Player of the the main tennis stadium proudly bears set with the style which her many fans 20th Century in celebration of the her name. had so admired. Barker’s fight-back to Millennium. Maria Esther Bueno is, without snatch the second took the match well She has honed her commentating skills question, one of the greatest legendary beyond the hour the Brazilian needed on SporTV, Globo’s sports channel that players of all time, still held in great to complete the proceedings and, with is aired in Brazil via cable and satellite, affection by legions of admirers around each passing minute, her chances of and viewing figures spike when she is the world and who remains a superstar securing the win, or even being able to on air. in her own country to this day. play the following day, diminished. “I’m enjoying the challenge,” Maria said After that loss Bueno decided that she when she first started her new career. could not continue to pursue a singles “I try to give viewers some insight HW career to the heights she sought without into the background of the players, tennisthreads.net | Tennis Threads 61

Picture © Evening Standard/Getty Images

MARIA BUENO reaches for a high ball during a match at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships 1965.