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Course Code MSG 820 Spring 2013 Room 250 Friday 10:40-13:30 Onur Türkmen Room 325 [email protected] Phone: +90 312 290 23 10 http://turkmensmssfcourses.blogspot.com/

I. Week  Introduction: A general overview Discussion Table: (Logarithmic) Ratio Distance Ratios on a Ratios Monochord between vibration frequencies

Atonality, Tonality, , Just Spectral Intonation, Music Spectral Music

Inductive Deductive

Reading: Paul Griffiths, et al. "Microtone." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. .Web. 16 Jan. 2013. http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/18616

Attempts for Definition: . Incompatibility (between different systems)  Systems of Lou Harrison Serenade http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyZ-W5XmEQc&list=PLJqwnth- Xlk9we9n-HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ&index=4

 Systems of Temperament Mozart Sonata on a fortepiano by Robert Hill http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xeE4lrVj5Zs . Extension of or Finer Divisions of an Octave  Expansion Through Limit Systems http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rl5DGWn-utk

 Equal Divisions of an Octave http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wF50so3nWJk&list=PLJqwnth- Xlk9we9n-HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ

Problems: . Practicality (Convention Appears as an Obstacle) . (Debates in Cognition)

II. Week Readings: . "musical sound." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2013. Web. 15 Jan. 2013. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/399266/musical-sound . http://www.sim.spk-berlin.de/1_acoustical_rudiments_985.html . http://www.indiana.edu/~emusic/etext/acoustics/chapter1_shape.shtml . Borwick, John. "acoustics." The Oxford Companion to Music. Ed. Alison Latham. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/opr/t114/e53 . Charles Taylor and Murray Campbell. "Sound." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 22 Jan. 2013. http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/26289

. Baines, Anthony and John Borwick . "harmonic series." The Oxford Companion to Music. Ed. Alison Latham. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 17 Jan. 2013. http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/opr/t114/e3137

. Suggested Book: Title: Fundamentals of musical acoustics Author: Benade, Arthur H. ISBN: 9780486264844 Publication Information: New York : Dover Publications, 1990. Physical Description: xii, 596 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. General Note: "Unabridged, extensively corrected republication of the edition originally published by Oxford University Press in 1976." Subject Term: Music -- Acoustics and physics. Call Number: ML3805 .B328 1990

 Definitions in discussion:  Vibrations  Sound Wave  Frequency/Pitch  Amplitude  Wave Shape  Spectrum  Complex Tone  Periodicity  Tone  Noise  Sinewaves  Partials  Difference between a harmonic and a partial  Harmonic Tone  Overtone Series  Prime Numbers and mathematical sub-series – Series within a series – idea of fundamental(s)  Notation of the Overtone Series . The Idea of Cent –Enharmonic determinations – microtonal determinations – See the Overtones_Kuehnl (pdf.)  Duality of the Series – Overtonal and The Reciprocal Series

III. Week

 Harmonic Ratios . Ratios between successive overtones . Octave Reduction  Harmonic Ratios on a String – Experiments on Guitar, Piano or Other String Instruments  Orders of Magnitude, Beating: http://www.sim.spk-berlin.de/1_acoustical_rudiments_985.html  Duality of the Series – Overtonal and The Reciprocal/Undertonal Series  Number 6 and the Idea of Closeness  Discussions on Consonance and Dissonance

Reading:

Zarlino, the Senario, and Tonality Robert W. Wienpahl Journal of the American Musicological Society , Vol. 12, No. 1 (Spring, 1959), pp. 27-41 Published by: University of California Press on behalf of the American Musicological Society Article DOI: 10.2307/829515 Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/829515

 Experiments on Guitar and Piano

IV. Week

 Arguments on Dual Theory: Reading: The Dual Theory in Harmony Herbert Westerby Proceedings of the Musical Association , 29th Sess., (1902 - 1903), pp. 21-72 Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. on behalf of the Royal Musical Association Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/765324

 What is Just Intonation? Reading: Mark Lindley. "Just intonation." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/14564

Listening and Score Example: Le Monte Young: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CViBJCos42M&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n- HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GLi1XVBpgQQ&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n- HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ

Ben Johnston Score Example: Quintet for Groups see pdf.

 The Idea of a Harmonic Map

Reading: Pages 1-78 Title: Harmonic experience : tonal harmony from its natural origins to its modern expressionAuthor: Mathieu, W. A. ISBN: 9780892815609 Publication Information: Rochester, Vt. : Inner Traditions International, c1997. Physical Description: xii, 563 p. : music ; 28 cm. Contents: Harmonic purity : feeling the numbers -- selective use of equal temperament -- functional commas of equal-tempered tonal harmony -- Harmonic practice, analysis, and review of the theory. Subject Term: Harmony. Electronic Access: Contributor biographical information http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0644/96040069-b.htmlPublisher description http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0644/96040069-d.htmlTable of contents only http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0644/96040069-t.html Call Number: MT50 .M48 1997

V. Week

 Limit Systems on the Harmonic Map . 3 Limit System . Major Scale in 3 Limit Just Intonation – Listening Example (Daha Dün Annemizin) . Listening Example Lou Harrison- Sonata in İshartum: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhdpsuXtewY&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n- HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ&index=24 See the score pdf.

 5 Limit System  Directions – Cousins – Spines on the Map  Modes On the Map: From Bright to Dark – Lydian to Locrian  Applications on the Guitar  Remembering the Duality of the Harmonic Series – Overtonal and The Reciprocal Series  Chromatic scale and its symmetry: ratios and the logarithmic symmetry – Different dimensions of distance  The Extended 5 Limit System: See pages 122-123 (Harmonic Experience)  Applications on the Guitar  What is a comma? Definitions http://www.sim.spk-berlin.de/1_acoustical_rudiments_985.html . Pythagorean Comma . Syntonic Comma . Diesis Comma:  Greater Diesis  Lesser Diesis . Schizma Comma . Diaschizma Comma  Placements on the Harmonic Map

Extra Suggested Reading: Harmonic Experience The Functional Commas of Equal Tempered Tonal Harmony, Pages 246-342

Waldstein sonata and comma: http://bilkent.naxosmusiclibrary.com/catalogue/item.asp?cid=BIS-SACD-1573

VI. Week

 Tone Representation - Debates that Arouse from Different Cognitive Approaches Readings:  Ideas for a Study "On the Imagination of Tone" Hugo Riemann Journal of Music Theory , Vol. 36, No. 1 (Spring, 1992), pp. 81-117 Published by: Duke University Press on behalf of the Yale University Department of Music Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/843911

 Pages: 41-53 Title: Tonal pitch space Author: Lerdahl, Fred, 1943- ISBN: 9780195178296 Publication Information: New York : Oxford University Press, 2005 Physical Description: xvii, 411 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. Contents: Theoretical foundations -- Diatonic space -- Paths in pitch space -- Tonal tension and attraction -- Prolongational functions -- Chromatic tonal spaces -- Prolongations in chromatic spaces -- Atonal structures. Subject Term: Music theory. Tonality. Musical pitch. Musical analysis. Call Number: MT6.L36 T66 2005

An extra issue to discuss: http://books.google.com.tr/books/about/Casals_and_the_Art_of_Interpretation.html?id=IB72QjPfrnIC &redir_esc=y

VII. Week

 Higher Limit Systems

Readings:  Harmonic Experience, The Seventh Partial and Beyond, pages 124-129  Changing the Metaphor: Ratio Models of Musical Pitch in the Work of , Ben Johnston, and James Tenney Bob Gilmore Perspectives of New Music , Vol. 33, No. 1/2 (Winter - Summer, 1995), pp. 458-503 Published by: Perspectives of New Music Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/833715

Extra Optional Reading:

Pages 109 -157 Title: ; an account of a creative work, its roots and its fulfillments. Author: Partch, Harry, 1901- ISBN: 9780306715976 Edition: 2d ed., enl. Publication Information: [New York] : Da Capo Press, [c1974]. Physical Description: xxv, 517 p. illus. 26 cm. Subject Term: Vocal music -- History and criticism. Musical intervals and scales. Musical instruments. Musical temperament. Call Number: ML1400 .P3 1974

Listening Example Ben Johnston String Quartet 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YOozBrB2XT0 Listening Example Ben Johnston String Quartet 4: http://vimeo.com/17298063 Listening Example Ben Johnston String Quartet 5: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sG4Z8yVEHZI James Tenney Critical Band: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEMCpUoQ_OQ

Listening and Score Example: Ligeti Violin : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSykk-2O3p8&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n- HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ – See the Score pdf.

Extra Video Examples on Harry Partch:  Video I: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwqIAV98H2s&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n- HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ  Video 2: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CfbcEa5sSIs&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n-HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ

VIII. Week  Temperament Systems  Pythagorean  Mean-tone  Well-Tempered  Equal Tempered Tunings Reading: Mark Lindley. "Temperaments." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 18 Jan. 2013. http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/27643

Pythagorean Examples: http://bilkent.naxosmusiclibrary.com/catalogue/item.asp?cid=DIS-80155 (Score: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Tant_con_je_vivrai.png) Mean- tone example: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vF5tOUUlLREhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vF5tO UUlLRE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhdpsuXtewY (start at 6:25)

Video Examples:

http://www.sim.spk-berlin.de/1_985.html http://www.sim.spk-berlin.de/bach%3A_wtc_973.html

IX. Week  Finer Divisions of an Octave or Just Systems and Extension of Equal Temperament System Reading: Adding Pitches: Some New Thoughts, Ten Years after Perspectives of New Music's "Forum: Microtonality Today" Julia Werntz Perspectives of New Music , Vol. 39, No. 2 (Summer, 2001), pp. 159-210 Published by: Perspectives of New Music Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/833567

Listening Examples: Penderecki ,Anaklasis: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tNRKkXFXDrI (score pdf.) Bartok, Sonata for Solo Vİolin, Presto: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n10mx63Cj1k (score excerpt is included in the article)

Wyschnegradsky - Twenty-four Preludes in Quarter-tones; No. 3 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B9WPfkXQa_Y Alois Haba - Suite No 1 for quarter-tone clarinet & quarter-tone piano, Op 24 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x2JGtEsJVSk&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n- HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ&index=2 Julián Carrillo - Preludio a Colón http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WGXhynluliA : 3 Quarter-Tone Pieces (1924) - I. Largo (score pdf.) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXJPnUZhETg&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n- HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ

Joe Manieri: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPjlNOJruWc Ferneyhough - Renvoi/ Shards http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5cMRabf14Q&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n- HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ

X. Week  Spectral Music Reading: Joshua Fineberg, “What’s in a name”, Spectral World Musics, Proceedings of the Istanbul Spectral Music Conference, pages: 30-48 Optional Further Reading: Contemporary Music Review Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/gcmr20 Guide to the basic concepts and techniques of spectral music Joshua Fineberg Version of record first published: 20 Aug 2009 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07494460000640271

Listening: Tristan Murail, Gondwana: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=utQAXK15ZGM Program Notes: http://www.tristanmurail.com/en/oeuvre-fiche.php?cotage=TR1572 Gerard Grisey, Partiels: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kX77MC5oXDY

XI. Week  A Final Overview Reading: Contemporary Music Review Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/gcmr20 Tone representation and just intervals in contemporary music Robert Hasegawa Version of record first published: 20 Aug 2009. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07494460600726529

Optional Further Reading: Gérard Grisey and The 'Nature' of Harmony ROBERT HASEGAWA Music Analysis , Vol. 28, No. 2/3 (July-October 2009), pp. 349-371 Published by: Wiley Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/41289710 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2249.2011.00294.x/abstract

György Ligeti – Melodien: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_n2dzixqrEg&list=PLJqwnth-Xlk9we9n- HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ

Grisey, Vortex Temporum: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ext5OTiD1WM&list=PLJqwnth- Xlk9we9n-HsNaFPJK6KNn1kuQ&index=15

XII. Week  Speculations on Makam Theory

Assessment % 40 In Class Participation %60 Final Project – Due Date 20 May 2013 Options for Final Project: a- Minimum 10 page Paper (Research Paper or a review on a article, book, dissertation or treatise) b- Composing (minimum 5 minutes) with explanations on the microtonal concept