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REPORTS 155 The “Local Culture and Diversity on the Prairies” Project (1) Nadya Foty and Andriy Nahachewsky University of Alberta Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Introduction The Peter and Doris Kule Centre for Ukrainian and Canadian Folklore at the University of Alberta is in the process of concluding a project with several partners to record some 900 hours involving 2,000 interviews with people who remember life on the Canadian prairies prior to 1939. The project is called “Local Culture and Diversity on the Prairies” At the time of this writing, most of the interviews have been conducted but the compilation, coding, analysis and description of findings are still underway. For this reason, this essay takes the form of a personal perspective of the project, description of issues influencing project design, and a statement of aspirations rather than an authoritative reporting of its results. The aim of the project has been to document everyday life, ethnic identity and regional variation among people of Ukrainian, French, German and English heritage.(2) How did people from diverse backgrounds interact, adapt and become “prairie Canadians” in the first half of the twentieth century? What was the relationship between cultural inheritance and local community participation? How did they express their various identities on the local community level? What factors affected regional variation in these communities? The project is designed to generate a great deal of documentary information and primary archival resources for further research in many aspects of these people’s lives. Ethnographic research about ethnicity, integration and Canadianiza- tion as social processes in a given period is perhaps best conducted indirectly. -
Brief History of Architecture in N.C. Courthouses
MONUMENTS TO DEMOCRACY Architecture Styles in North Carolina Courthouses By Ava Barlow The judicial system, as one of three branches of government, is one of the main foundations of democracy. North Carolina’s earliest courthouses, none of which survived, were simple, small, frame or log structures. Ancillary buildings, such as a jail, clerk’s offi ce, and sheriff’s offi ce were built around them. As our nation developed, however, leaders gave careful consideration to the structures that would house important institutions – how they were to be designed and built, what symbols were to be used, and what building materials were to be used. Over time, fashion and design trends have changed, but ideals have remained. To refl ect those ideals, certain styles, symbols, and motifs have appeared and reappeared in the architecture of our government buildings, especially courthouses. This article attempts to explain the history behind the making of these landmarks in communities around the state. Georgian Federal Greek Revival Victorian Neo-Classical Pre – Independence 1780s – 1820 1820s – 1860s 1870s – 1905 Revival 1880s – 1930 Colonial Revival Art Deco Modernist Eco-Sustainable 1930 - 1950 1920 – 1950 1950s – 2000 2000 – present he development of architectural styles in North Carolina leaders and merchants would seek to have their towns chosen as a courthouses and our nation’s public buildings in general county seat to increase the prosperity, commerce, and recognition, and Trefl ects the development of our culture and history. The trends would sometimes donate money or land to build the courthouse. in architecture refl ect trends in art and the statements those trends make about us as a people. -
Keeping the Cottage in the Family
Keeping the Cottage in the Family A country place is a symbol of relaxation, continuity in life, and family harmony. But when the topic of ownership succession is raised, that lovely spot can be transformed into a source of stress, uncertainty and family strife Anthony Layton MBA, CIM August 2017 Keeping the Cottage in the Family | 1 Letter from Anthony Layton Cottage succession, along with other estate planning issues, is among my professional specialties. After decades of helping families confront and solve the cottage-succession problem, I decided to put pen to paper and document this knowledge. The result is Keeping the Cottage in the Family, a detailed review of everything a cottage owner should consider when contemplating what happens when it’s time to pass on the property to the next generation. A succession plan can only be produced with the help of seasoned professionals who are familiar with the many pitfalls common to this challenge. I would like to thank Tom Burpee, Morris Jacobson and Matthew Elder for sharing their considerable expertise in the preparation of this article. Sincerely, Anthony Layton MBA, CIM CEO and Portfolio Manager, PWL Capital Inc. Table of Contents A responsibility as well as a privilege .................... 6 The taxman must be paid, one way or another.............................................................. 12 Get a head start .................................................... 7 Owning through a trust ........................................ 12 Planning closer to the event................................... 8 Share-ownership agreements .............................. 13 The capital gains tax problem ............................... 9 Use of a nature conservancy .............................. 14 Use the exemption, or pay the tax? ...................... 9 Conclusion .......................................................... 14 A couple with two residences ............................... -
Administration of Donald J. Trump, 2020 Executive Order 13967
Administration of Donald J. Trump, 2020 Executive Order 13967—Promoting Beautiful Federal Civic Architecture December 18, 2020 By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. Purpose. Societies have long recognized the importance of beautiful public architecture. Ancient Greek and Roman public buildings were designed to be sturdy and useful, and also to beautify public spaces and inspire civic pride. Throughout the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, public architecture continued to serve these purposes. The 1309 constitution of the City of Siena required that "[w]hoever rules the City must have the beauty of the City as his foremost preoccupation . because it must provide pride, honor, wealth, and growth to the Sienese citizens, as well as pleasure and happiness to visitors from abroad." Three centuries later, the great British Architect Sir Christopher Wren declared that "public buildings [are] the ornament of a country. [Architecture] establishes a Nation, draws people and commerce, makes the people love their native country . Architecture aims at eternity[.]" Notable Founding Fathers agreed with these assessments and attached great importance to Federal civic architecture. They wanted America's public buildings to inspire the American people and encourage civic virtue. President George Washington and Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson consciously modeled the most important buildings in Washington, D.C., on the classical architecture of ancient Athens and Rome. They sought to use classical architecture to visually connect our contemporary Republic with the antecedents of democracy in classical antiquity, reminding citizens not only of their rights but also their responsibilities in maintaining and perpetuating its institutions. -
A Short History of Georgian Architecture
A SHORT HISTORY OF GEORGIAN ARCHITECTURE Georgia is situated on the isthmus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. In the north it is bounded by the Main Caucasian Range, forming the frontier with Russia, Azerbaijan to the east and in the south by Armenia and Turkey. Geographically Georgia is the meeting place of the European and Asian continents and is located at the crossroads of western and eastern cultures. In classical sources eastern Georgia is called Iberia or Caucasian Iberia, while western Georgia was known to Greeks and Romans as Colchis. Georgia has an elongated form from east to west. Approximately in the centre in the Great Caucasian range extends downwards to the south Surami range, bisecting the country into western and eastern parts. Although this range is not high, it produces different climates on its western and eastern sides. In the western part the climate is milder and on the sea coast sub-tropical with frequent rains, while the eastern part is typically dry. Figure 1 Map of Georgia Georgian vernacular architecture The different climates in western and eastern Georgia, together with distinct local building materials and various cultural differences creates a diverse range of vernacular architectural styles. In western Georgia, because the climate is mild and the region has abundance of timber, vernacular architecture is characterised by timber buildings. Surrounding the timber houses are lawns and decorative trees, which rarely found in the rest of the country. The population and hamlets scattered in the landscape. In eastern Georgia, vernacular architecture is typified by Darbazi, a type of masonry building partially cut into ground and roofed by timber or stone (rarely) constructions known as Darbazi, from which the type derives its name. -
Toronto Arch.CDR
The Architectural Fashion of Toronto Residential Neighbourhoods Compiled By: RASEK ARCHITECTS LTD RASE K a r c h i t e c t s www.rasekarchitects.com f in 02 | The Architectural Fashion of Toronto Residential Neighbourhoods RASEK ARCHITECTS LTD Introduction Toronto Architectural Styles The majority of styled houses in the United States and Canada are The architecture of residential houses in Toronto is mainly influenced by its history and its culture. modeled on one of four principal architectural traditions: Ancient Classical, Renaissance Classical, Medieval or Modern. The majority of Toronto's older buildings are loosely modeled on architectural traditions of the British Empire, such as Georgian, Victorian, and Edwardian architecture. Toronto was traditionally a peripheral city in the The earliest, the Ancient Classical Tradition, is based upon the monuments architectural world, embracing styles and ideas developed in Europe and the United States with only limited of early Greece and Rome. local variation. A few unique styles of architecture have emerged in Toronto, such as the bay and gable style house and the Annex style house. The closely related Renaissance Classical Tradition stems from a revival of interest in classicism during the Renaissance, which began in Italy in the The late nineteenth century Torontonians embraced Victorian architecture and all of its diverse revival styles. 15th century. The two classical traditions, Ancient and Renaissance, share Victorian refers to the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901), called the Victorian era, during which period the many of the same architectural details. styles known as Victorian were used in construction. The styles often included interpretations and eclectic revivals of historic styles mixed with the introduction of Middle Eastern and Asian influences. -
1 Dataset Illustration
1 Dataset Illustration The images are crawled from Wikimedia. Here we summary the names, index- ing pages and typical images for the 66-class architectural style dataset. Table 1: Summarization of the architectural style dataset. Url stands for the indexing page on Wikimedia. Name Typical images Achaemenid architecture American Foursquare architecture American craftsman style Ancient Egyptian architecture Art Deco architecture Art Nouveau architecture Baroque architecture Bauhaus architecture 1 Name Typical images Beaux-Arts architecture Byzantine architecture Chicago school architecture Colonial architecture Deconstructivism Edwardian architecture Georgian architecture Gothic architecture Greek Revival architecture International style Novelty 2 architecture Name Typical images Palladian architecture Postmodern architecture Queen Anne architecture Romanesque architecture Russian Revival architecture Tudor Revival architecture 2 Task Description 1. 10-class dataset. The ten datasets used in the classification tasks are American craftsman style, Baroque architecture, Chicago school architecture, Colonial architecture, Georgian architecture, Gothic architecture, Greek Revival architecture, Queen Anne architecture, Romanesque architecture and Russian Revival architecture. These styles have lower intra-class vari- ance and the images are mainly captured in frontal view. 2. 25-class dataset. Except for the ten datasets listed above, the other fifteen styles are Achaemenid architecture, American Foursquare architecture, Ancient Egyptian architecture, -
Definition of Culture
AP Human Geography Unit III. Cultural Patterns & Processes Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which statement about culture is true? A) Culture is the traditions and beliefs of a group of people. B) Culture is learned behavior that is passed from one generation to the next. C) Cultures are dynamic and always changing. D) Cultural traits are a reflection of a group‟s values. E) All of the above. 2. Which statement concerning the globalization of Western culture is true? A) Many foreign cultures have adopted Western traits like clothing and religion. B) Some areas of the world have actively resisted Western culture traits. C) Backlash against Western culture has resulted in violence in some areas. D) Western culture is often spread through movies and other media. E) All of these are true. 3. The idea that an environment influences, but does not strictly determine, how a culture interacts with the environment is known as A) environmental determinism. B) environmental possibilism. C) cultural ecology. D) cultural environmentalism. E) cultural possibilism. 4. Which of the following cultural traits is important to Americans? A) A focus on social order over individual rights. B) A strong state religion. C) Ancestor veneration and worship. D) A sense of equality and fairness. E) All of the above. 5. A single attribute of culture is called a A) culture complex. B) culture realm. C) culture landscape. D) culture hearth. E) culture trait. 6. A group of related cultural traits is a A) culture complex. B) culture realm. C) culture landscape. D) culture hearth. E) culture region. 7. The theory that the physical environment causes social and cultural development is called A) environmental ecology. -
City of Wauwatosa, Wisconsin
City of Wauwatosa, Wisconsin Architectural and Historical Intensive Survey Report of Residential Properties Phase 2 By Rowan Davidson, Associate AIA & Jennifer L. Lehrke, AIA, NCARB Legacy Architecture, Inc. 605 Erie Avenue, Suite 101 Sheboygan, Wisconsin 53081 Project Director Joseph R. DeRose, Survey & Registration Historian Wisconsin Historical Society Division of Historic Preservation – Public History 816 State Street Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Sponsoring Agency Wisconsin Historical Society Division of Historic Preservation – Public History 816 State Street Madison, Wisconsin 53706 2019-2020 Acknowledgments This program receives Federal financial assistance for identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, as amended, the U.S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, or disability or age in its federally assisted programs. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further information, please write to Office of the Equal Opportunity, National Park Service, 1849 C Street NW, Washington, DC 20240. The activity that is the subject of this intensive survey report has been financed entirely with Federal Funds from the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, and administered by the Wisconsin Historical Society. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior or the Wisconsin Historical Society, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior or the Wisconsin Historical Society. -
Fast Knocks and Nags
Copyright © Museum Tusculanums Press Fast Knocks and Nags The Stolen Car in the Urban Vernacular Culture of Cork1 Stiofán Cadhla Cadhla, Stiofán 2001: Fast Knocks and Nags. The Stolen Car in the Urban Vernacular Culture of Cork. – Ethnologia Europaea 31:2 77–94. In spite of, or due to, its centrality to everyday life the car is a much neglected aspect of contemporary material and symbolic culture. Its presence has until very recently manifested itself largely in epic national industrial histories or in overtly critical environmentalist accounts and social histories. The phenomenon of joyrid- ing has received even less academic attention. This may be due to its problematic positioning in the liminal zones of many disciplines, in an epistemological vacuum. This article foregrounds the cultural aspect of joyriding in a particular context. It questions the more obvious interpretative tendencies like “youth culture” or “subculture” as the result of an agist or sedentary hierarchy articulated from within an exclusionary and normative discourse. It is argued that this is better understood as a variant of a more general protean cultural process through which the very sign of modernity and consumerism (with all its assumptions of alienation and assimilation) becomes part of a forceful vernacular or lived-in urban culture. Stiofán Cadhla, Dr. Department of Béaloideas, Folklore and Ethnology, (1 Elderwood, College Road), National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland. E-mail: [email protected] “Joyriding has become a form of entertainment tion into discourse. Cars are moralistic, respect- in Cork’s Northside,” able, executive or recreational, the second-hand [Evening Echo, 17.6.87] car salesman is immoral, the new car salesman is respectable, he wears a collar and tie. -
Architecture Overview and Activities
Educational Material Architecture Overview and Activities What is architecture? As defined by Merriam-Webster architecture is: 1. the art or science of building, specifically: the art or practice of designing and building structures and especially habitable ones. 2. a: formation or construction resulting from or as if from a conscious act (the architecture of the garden) b: a unifying or coherent form or structure (the novel lacks architecture) 3. architectural product or work. 4. a method or style of building. 5. the manner in which the components of a computer or computer system are organized and integrated Architectural style refers to the visual appearance of a building and not its function. Style is often influenced by values and aspirations held by a society or a community. Certain designs may serve as metaphors or symbols of what a particular group of people value, of what they consider important. For example, when the Pilgrims first settled in Massachusetts in 1620 they built structures that served their immediate needs: shelter and places of worship. Creating these particular buildings reflected their collective desire for a new home (building a house creates a feeling of permanence and stability) and freedom to worship as they liked. As more people settled in America they brought their own cultural styles and ideas which have continued to influence architectural design. Who Builds Great Buildings? Most of the world’s great buildings have been designed by architects. But there are many other buildings, including many homes, which were built by builders with no architectural training. These builders have sometimes used published plans created by architects or have created their own. -
The Vernacular Houses of Harlan County, Kentucky
-ABSTRACT WHAT is the vernacular ? Are some houses vernacular while others are not? Traditional definitions suggest that only those buildings that are indigenous, static and handmade can be considered vernacular. This thesis uses Harlan County, Kentucky as a case study to argue that vernacular architecture includes not only those houses that are handmade, timeless and traditional but also those houses that are industrial and mass-produced. Throughout the 19 th century Harlan County was an isolated, mountainous region where settlers built one and two-room houses from logs, a readily available material. At the turn of the century a massive coal boom began, flooding the county with people and company-built coal camp houses which were built in large quantities as cheaply as possible with milled lumber and hired help. Given traditional conceptions of the vernacular, it would have been appropriate to assume the vernacular tradition of house building ended as camp houses, those houses that were not built directly by the residents with manufactured materials, began to replace the traditional log houses. However, the research presented in this thesis concludes that many elements of form, construction and usage that were first manifest in the handmade log cabins continued to be expressed in the county’s mass-produced camp houses. These camp houses not only manifest an evolution of local building traditions but also established qualities of outside influence which in turn were embraced by the local culture. Harlan County’s houses make the case for a more inclusive conception of vernacular architecture. TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE 3 INTRODUCTION 6 I.