Deep-Sea Coral Taxa in the Hawaiian Archipelago and Johnston Atoll: Depth and Geographical Distribution (V
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Slow Population Turnover in the Soft Coral Genera Sinularia and Sarcophyton on Mid- and Outer-Shelf Reefs of the Great Barrier Reef
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 126: 145-152,1995 Published October 5 Mar Ecol Prog Ser l Slow population turnover in the soft coral genera Sinularia and Sarcophyton on mid- and outer-shelf reefs of the Great Barrier Reef Katharina E. Fabricius* Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB 3, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia ABSTRACT: Aspects of the life history of the 2 common soft coral genera Sinularja and Sarcophyton were investigated on 360 individually tagged colonies over 3.5 yr. Measurements included rates of growth, colony fission, mortality, sublethal predation and algae infection, and were carried out at 18 sites on 6 mid- and outer-shelf reefs of the Australian Great Barrier Reef. In both Sinularia and Sarco- phyton, average radial growth was around 0.5 cm yr.', and relative growth rates were size-dependent. In Sinularia, populations changed very slowly over time. Their per capita mortality was low (0.014 yr.') and size-independent, and indicated longevity of the colonies. Colonies with extensions of up to 10 X 10 m potentially could be several hundreds of years old. Mortality was more than compensated for by asexual reproduction through colony fission (0.035 yr.'). In Sarcophyton, mortality was low in colonies larger than 5 cm disk diameter (0.064 yr-l), and significantly higher in newly recruited small colonies (0.88 yr-'). Photographic monitoring of about 500 additional colonies from 16 soft coral genera showed that rates of mortality and recruitment In the family Alcyoniidae differed fundamentally from those of the commonly more 'fugitive' families Xeniidae and Nephtheidae. Rates of recruitment by larval set- tlement were very low in a majority of the soft coral taxa. -
SOUTH AFRICAN ASSOCIATION for MARINE BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE Investigational Report No. 68 Corals O
SOUTH AFRICAN ASSOCIATION FOR MARINE BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE Investigational Report No. 68 Corals of the South-west Indian Ocean II. Eleutherobia aurea spec. nov. (Cnidaria, Alcyonacea) from deep reefs on the KwaZulu-Natal Coast, South Africa by Y. Benayahu and M.H. Sch layer Edited by M.H. Schleyer Published by THE OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE P.0 Box 10712, Manne Parade 4056 DURBAN SOUTH AFRICA October 1995 Copynori ISBN 0 66989 07« 3 ISSN 0078-320X Frontispiece. Colony of Eleutherobia aurea spec. nov. in Its natural habitat with its polyps expanded Eleutherobia aurea spec. nov. (Cnidaria, Alcyonacea) from deep reefs on the KwaZulu-Natal coast, South Africa by Y. Benayahui and M. H. Schleyeri 'Department of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences. Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. ^Oceanographic Research Institute, P.O. Box 10712, Marine Parade 4056, Durban, South Africa. ABSTRACT Eleutherobia aurea spec. nov. is a new octocoral species (family Alcyoniidae) described from material collected on deep reefs along the coast of KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa. The species has spheroid, radiate and double deltoid sclerites, the latter being the most conspicuous sclerites and aiso the most abundant in the interior of the colony. Keywords: Eleutherobia, Cnidaria, Alcyonacea. Octocorallia, coral reefs, South Africa. INTRODUCTION The alcyonacean fauna of southern Africa (Cnidaria, Octocorallia) has been thoroughly examined and revised by Williams (1992). The tropical coastal area of northern KwaZulu-Natal has recently been investigated at Sodwana Bay and yielded 37 species of the families Tubiporidae. Alcyoniidae and Xeniidae (Benayahu, 1993). Further collections conducted on the deeper reef areas of Two-Mile Reef at Sodwana Bay. -
Preliminary Report on the Octocorals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Ogasawara Islands
国立科博専報，(52), pp. 65–94 , 2018 年 3 月 28 日 Mem. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, (52), pp. 65–94, March 28, 2018 Preliminary Report on the Octocorals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Ogasawara Islands Yukimitsu Imahara1* and Hiroshi Namikawa2 1Wakayama Laboratory, Biological Institute on Kuroshio, 300–11 Kire, Wakayama, Wakayama 640–0351, Japan *E-mail: [email protected] 2Showa Memorial Institute, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4–1–1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0005, Japan Abstract. Approximately 400 octocoral specimens were collected from the Ogasawara Islands by SCUBA diving during 2013–2016 and by dredging surveys by the R/V Koyo of the Tokyo Met- ropolitan Ogasawara Fisheries Center in 2014 as part of the project “Biological Properties of Bio- diversity Hotspots in Japan” at the National Museum of Nature and Science. Here we report on 52 lots of these octocoral specimens that have been identified to 42 species thus far. The specimens include seven species of three genera in two families of Stolonifera, 25 species of ten genera in two families of Alcyoniina, one species of Scleraxonia, and nine species of four genera in three families of Pennatulacea. Among them, three species of Stolonifera: Clavularia cf. durum Hick- son, C. cf. margaritiferae Thomson & Henderson and C. cf. repens Thomson & Henderson, and five species of Alcyoniina: Lobophytum variatum Tixier-Durivault, L. cf. mirabile Tixier- Durivault, Lohowia koosi Alderslade, Sarcophyton cf. boletiforme Tixier-Durivault and Sinularia linnei Ofwegen, are new to Japan. In particular, Lohowia koosi is the first discovery since the orig- inal description from the east coast of Australia. -
Checklist of Fish and Invertebrates Listed in the CITES Appendices
JOINTS NATURE \=^ CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Checklist of fish and mvertebrates Usted in the CITES appendices JNCC REPORT (SSN0963-«OStl JOINT NATURE CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Report distribution Report Number: No. 238 Contract Number/JNCC project number: F7 1-12-332 Date received: 9 June 1995 Report tide: Checklist of fish and invertebrates listed in the CITES appendices Contract tide: Revised Checklists of CITES species database Contractor: World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL Comments: A further fish and invertebrate edition in the Checklist series begun by NCC in 1979, revised and brought up to date with current CITES listings Restrictions: Distribution: JNCC report collection 2 copies Nature Conservancy Council for England, HQ, Library 1 copy Scottish Natural Heritage, HQ, Library 1 copy Countryside Council for Wales, HQ, Library 1 copy A T Smail, Copyright Libraries Agent, 100 Euston Road, London, NWl 2HQ 5 copies British Library, Legal Deposit Office, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire, LS23 7BQ 1 copy Chadwick-Healey Ltd, Cambridge Place, Cambridge, CB2 INR 1 copy BIOSIS UK, Garforth House, 54 Michlegate, York, YOl ILF 1 copy CITES Management and Scientific Authorities of EC Member States total 30 copies CITES Authorities, UK Dependencies total 13 copies CITES Secretariat 5 copies CITES Animals Committee chairman 1 copy European Commission DG Xl/D/2 1 copy World Conservation Monitoring Centre 20 copies TRAFFIC International 5 copies Animal Quarantine Station, Heathrow 1 copy Department of the Environment (GWD) 5 copies Foreign & Commonwealth Office (ESED) 1 copy HM Customs & Excise 3 copies M Bradley Taylor (ACPO) 1 copy ^\(\\ Joint Nature Conservation Committee Report No. -
Table B – Subclass Octocorallia
Table B – Subclass Octocorallia BINOMEN ORDER SUBORDER FAMILY SUBFAMILY GENUS SPECIES SUBSPECIES COMN_NAMES AUTHORITY SYNONYMS #Records Acanella arbuscula Alcyonacea Calcaxonia Isididae n/a Acanella arbuscula n/a n/a n/a n/a 59 Acanthogorgia armata Alcyonacea Holaxonia Acanthogorgiidae n/a Acanthogorgia armata n/a n/a Verrill, 1878 n/a 95 Anthomastus agassizii Alcyonacea Alcyoniina Alcyoniidae n/a Anthomastus agassizii n/a n/a (Verrill, 1922) n/a 35 Anthomastus grandiflorus Alcyonacea Alcyoniina Alcyoniidae n/a Anthomastus grandiflorus n/a n/a Verrill, 1878 Anthomastus purpureus 37 Anthomastus sp. Alcyonacea Alcyoniina Alcyoniidae n/a Anthomastus sp. n/a n/a Verrill, 1878 n/a 1 Anthothela grandiflora Alcyonacea Scleraxonia Anthothelidae n/a Anthothela grandiflora n/a n/a (Sars, 1856) n/a 24 Capnella florida Alcyonacea n/a Nephtheidae n/a Capnella florida n/a n/a (Verrill, 1869) Eunephthya florida 44 Capnella glomerata Alcyonacea n/a Nephtheidae n/a Capnella glomerata n/a n/a (Verrill, 1869) Eunephthya glomerata 4 Chrysogorgia agassizii Alcyonacea Holaxonia Acanthogorgiidae Chrysogorgiidae Chrysogorgia agassizii n/a n/a (Verrill, 1883) n/a 2 Clavularia modesta Alcyonacea n/a Clavulariidae n/a Clavularia modesta n/a n/a (Verrill, 1987) n/a 6 Clavularia rudis Alcyonacea n/a Clavulariidae n/a Clavularia rudis n/a n/a (Verrill, 1922) n/a 1 Gersemia fruticosa Alcyonacea Alcyoniina Alcyoniidae n/a Gersemia fruticosa n/a n/a Marenzeller, 1877 n/a 3 Keratoisis flexibilis Alcyonacea Calcaxonia Isididae n/a Keratoisis flexibilis n/a n/a Pourtales, 1868 n/a 1 Lepidisis caryophyllia Alcyonacea n/a Isididae n/a Lepidisis caryophyllia n/a n/a Verrill, 1883 Lepidisis vitrea 13 Muriceides sp. -
OCS Study BOEM 2017-024
OCS Study BOEM 2017-024 Deepwater Reconnaissance of Potentially Sensitive Biological Features Surrounding Shelf-Edge Topographical Banks in the Northern Gulf of Mexico U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Gulf of Mexico OCS Region OCS Study BOEM 2017-024 Deepwater Reconnaissance of Potentially Sensitive Biological Features Surrounding Shelf-Edge Topographical Banks in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Author Paul Sammarco Prepared under BOEM Contract M11AC00005 by Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium 8124 Highway 56 Baton Rouge, LA 70344-2110 Published by U.S. Department of the Interior New Orleans, LA Bureau of Ocean Energy Management February 2017 Gulf of Mexico OCS Region DISCLAIMER This report was prepared under contract between the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON). This report has been technically reviewed by BOEM, and it has been approved for publication. Approval does not necessarily signify that the contents reflect the views and policies of BOEM, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. REPORT AVAILABILITY To download a PDF file of this Gulf of Mexico OCS Region report, go to the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Environmental Studies Program Information System website and search on OCS Study BOEM 2017-024. This report can be viewed at select Federal Depository Libraries. It can also be obtained from the National Technical Information Service; the contact information is below. U.S. Department of Commerce National Technical Information Service 5301 Shawnee Rd. Springfield, Virginia 22312 Phone: (703) 605-6000, 1(800)553-6847 Fax: (703) 605-6900 Website: http://www.ntis.gov/ CITATION Sammarco, Paul W. -
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS of the 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project March 2018 DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project Citation: Aguilar, R., García, S., Perry, A.L., Alvarez, H., Blanco, J., Bitar, G. 2018. 2016 Deep-sea Lebanon Expedition: Exploring Submarine Canyons. Oceana, Madrid. 94 p. DOI: 10.31230/osf.io/34cb9 Based on an official request from Lebanon’s Ministry of Environment back in 2013, Oceana has planned and carried out an expedition to survey Lebanese deep-sea canyons and escarpments. Cover: Cerianthus membranaceus © OCEANA All photos are © OCEANA Index 06 Introduction 11 Methods 16 Results 44 Areas 12 Rov surveys 16 Habitat types 44 Tarablus/Batroun 14 Infaunal surveys 16 Coralligenous habitat 44 Jounieh 14 Oceanographic and rhodolith/maërl 45 St. George beds measurements 46 Beirut 19 Sandy bottoms 15 Data analyses 46 Sayniq 15 Collaborations 20 Sandy-muddy bottoms 20 Rocky bottoms 22 Canyon heads 22 Bathyal muds 24 Species 27 Fishes 29 Crustaceans 30 Echinoderms 31 Cnidarians 36 Sponges 38 Molluscs 40 Bryozoans 40 Brachiopods 42 Tunicates 42 Annelids 42 Foraminifera 42 Algae | Deep sea Lebanon OCEANA 47 Human 50 Discussion and 68 Annex 1 85 Annex 2 impacts conclusions 68 Table A1. List of 85 Methodology for 47 Marine litter 51 Main expedition species identified assesing relative 49 Fisheries findings 84 Table A2. List conservation interest of 49 Other observations 52 Key community of threatened types and their species identified survey areas ecological importanc 84 Figure A1. -
Author's Accepted Manuscript
Author’s Accepted Manuscript This is the accepted version of the following article: Rakka, M., Bilan, M., Godinho, A., Movilla, J., Orejas, C., & Carreiro-Silva, M. (2019). First description of polyp bailout in cold-water octocorals under aquaria maintenance. Coral Reefs, 38(1), 15-20, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-018-01760- x. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Springer Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions 1 First description of polyp bail-out in cold-water octocorals under aquaria maintenance Maria Rakka1,2,3, Meri Bilan1,2,3, Antonio Godinho1,2,3,Juancho Movilla4,5, Covadonga Orejas4, Marina Carreiro-Silva1,2,3 1 MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and Centre of the Institute of Marine Research 2 IMAR – University of the Azores, Rua Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal 3 OKEANOS Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9901-862, Horta, Portugal 4 Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Moll de Ponent s/n, 07015 Palma, Spain 5 Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM-CSIC). Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain Corresponding author: Maria Rakka, [email protected], +351915407062 2 Abstract Cnidarians, characterized by high levels of plasticity, exhibit remarkable mechanisms to withstand or escape unfavourable conditions including reverse development which describes processes of transformation of adult stages into early developmental stages with higher mobility. Polyp bail-out is a stress-escape response common among scleractinian species, consisting of massive detachment of live polyps and subsequent death of the mother colony. -
Guide to the Identification of Precious and Semi-Precious Corals in Commercial Trade
'l'llA FFIC YvALE ,.._,..---...- guide to the identification of precious and semi-precious corals in commercial trade Ernest W.T. Cooper, Susan J. Torntore, Angela S.M. Leung, Tanya Shadbolt and Carolyn Dawe September 2011 © 2011 World Wildlife Fund and TRAFFIC. All rights reserved. ISBN 978-0-9693730-3-2 Reproduction and distribution for resale by any means photographic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping or information storage and retrieval systems of any parts of this book, illustrations or texts is prohibited without prior written consent from World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Reproduction for CITES enforcement or educational and other non-commercial purposes by CITES Authorities and the CITES Secretariat is authorized without prior written permission, provided the source is fully acknowledged. Any reproduction, in full or in part, of this publication must credit WWF and TRAFFIC North America. The views of the authors expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the TRAFFIC network, WWF, or the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The designation of geographical entities in this publication and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WWF, TRAFFIC, or IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The TRAFFIC symbol copyright and Registered Trademark ownership are held by WWF. TRAFFIC is a joint program of WWF and IUCN. Suggested citation: Cooper, E.W.T., Torntore, S.J., Leung, A.S.M, Shadbolt, T. and Dawe, C. -
Deep‐Sea Coral Taxa in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico: Depth and Geographical Distribution
Deep‐Sea Coral Taxa in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico: Depth and Geographical Distribution by Peter J. Etnoyer1 and Stephen D. Cairns2 1. NOAA Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Charleston, SC 2. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC This annex to the U.S. Gulf of Mexico chapter in “The State of Deep‐Sea Coral Ecosystems of the United States” provides a list of deep‐sea coral taxa in the Phylum Cnidaria, Classes Anthozoa and Hydrozoa, known to occur in the waters of the Gulf of Mexico (Figure 1). Deep‐sea corals are defined as azooxanthellate, heterotrophic coral species occurring in waters 50 m deep or more. Details are provided on the vertical and geographic extent of each species (Table 1). This list is adapted from species lists presented in ʺBiodiversity of the Gulf of Mexicoʺ (Felder & Camp 2009), which inventoried species found throughout the entire Gulf of Mexico including areas outside U.S. waters. Taxonomic names are generally those currently accepted in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), and are arranged by order, and alphabetically within order by suborder (if applicable), family, genus, and species. Data sources (references) listed are those principally used to establish geographic and depth distribution. Only those species found within the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Exclusive Economic Zone are presented here. Information from recent studies that have expanded the known range of species into the U.S. Gulf of Mexico have been included. The total number of species of deep‐sea corals documented for the U.S. -
The Genetic Identity of Dinoflagellate Symbionts in Caribbean Octocorals
Coral Reefs (2004) 23: 465-472 DOI 10.1007/S00338-004-0408-8 REPORT Tamar L. Goulet • Mary Alice CofFroth The genetic identity of dinoflagellate symbionts in Caribbean octocorals Received: 2 September 2002 / Accepted: 20 December 2003 / Published online: 29 July 2004 © Springer-Verlag 2004 Abstract Many cnidarians (e.g., corals, octocorals, sea Introduction anemones) maintain a symbiosis with dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae). Zooxanthellae are grouped into The cornerstone of the coral reef ecosystem is the sym- clades, with studies focusing on scleractinian corals. biosis between cnidarians (e.g., corals, octocorals, sea We characterized zooxanthellae in 35 species of Caribbean octocorals. Most Caribbean octocoral spe- anemones) and unicellular dinoñagellates commonly called zooxanthellae. Studies of zooxanthella symbioses cies (88.6%) hosted clade B zooxanthellae, 8.6% have previously been hampered by the difficulty of hosted clade C, and one species (2.9%) hosted clades B and C. Erythropodium caribaeorum harbored clade identifying the algae. Past techniques relied on culturing and/or identifying zooxanthellae based on their free- C and a unique RFLP pattern, which, when se- swimming form (Trench 1997), antigenic features quenced, fell within clade C. Five octocoral species (Kinzie and Chee 1982), and cell architecture (Blank displayed no zooxanthella cladal variation with depth. 1987), among others. These techniques were time-con- Nine of the ten octocoral species sampled throughout suming, required a great deal of expertise, and resulted the Caribbean exhibited no regional zooxanthella cla- in the differentiation of only a small number of zoo- dal differences. The exception, Briareum asbestinum, xanthella species. Molecular techniques amplifying had some colonies from the Dry Tortugas exhibiting zooxanthella DNA encoding for the small and large the E. -
Deep-Sea Coral Taxa in the U. S. Caribbean Region: Depth And
Deep‐Sea Coral Taxa in the U. S. Caribbean Region: Depth and Geographical Distribution By Stephen D. Cairns1 1. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC An update of the status of the azooxanthellate, heterotrophic coral species that occur predominantly deeper than 50 m in the U.S. Caribbean territories is not given in this volume because of lack of significant additional data. However, an updated list of deep‐sea coral species in Phylum Cnidaria, Classes Anthozoa and Hydrozoa, from the Caribbean region (Figure 1) is presented below. Details are provided on depth ranges and known geographic distributions within the region (Table 1). This list is adapted from Lutz & Ginsburg (2007, Appendix 8.1) in that it is restricted to the U. S. territories in the Caribbean, i.e., Puerto Rico, U. S. Virgin Islands, and Navassa Island, not the entire Caribbean and Bahamian region. Thus, this list is significantly shorter. The list has also been reordered alphabetically by family, rather than species, to be consistent with other regional lists in this volume, and authorship and publication dates have been added. Also, Antipathes americana is now properly assigned to the genus Stylopathes, and Stylaster profundus to the genus Stenohelia. Furthermore, many of the geographic ranges have been clarified and validated. Since 2007 there have been 20 species additions to the U.S. territories list (indicated with blue shading in the list), mostly due to unpublished specimens from NMNH collections. As a result of this update, there are now known to be: 12 species of Antipatharia, 45 species of Scleractinia, 47 species of Octocorallia (three with incomplete taxonomy), and 14 species of Stylasteridae, for a total of 118 species found in the relatively small geographic region of U.