BAEN BOOKS TEACHER's GUIDE to 1637: the PEACOCK THRONE Contents: • Recommended Reading Levels • Plot Summaries • Charac
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Banians in the Bengal Economy (18Th and 19Th Centuries): Historical Perspective
Banians in the Bengal Economy (18th and 19th Centuries): Historical Perspective Murshida Bintey Rahman Registration No: 45 Session: 2008-09 Academic Supervisor Dr. Sharif uddin Ahmed Supernumerary Professor Department of History University of Dhaka This Thesis Submitted to the Department of History University of Dhaka for the Degree of Master of Philosophy (M.Phil) December, 2013 Declaration This is to certify that Murshida Bintey Rahman has written the thesis titled ‘Banians in the Bengal Economy (18th & 19th Centuries): Historical Perspective’ under my supervision. She has written the thesis for the M.Phil degree in History. I further affirm that the work reported in this thesis is original and no part or the whole of the dissertation has been submitted to, any form in any other University or institution for any degree. Dr. Sharif uddin Ahmed Supernumerary Professor Department of History Dated: University of Dhaka 2 Declaration I do declare that, I have written the thesis titled ‘Banians in the Bengal Economy (18th & 19th Centuries): Historical Perspective’ for the M.Phil degree in History. I affirm that the work reported in this thesis is original and no part or the whole of the dissertation has been submitted to, any form in any other University or institution for any degree. Murshida Bintey Rahman Registration No: 45 Dated: Session: 2008-09 Department of History University of Dhaka 3 Banians in the Bengal Economy (18th and 19th Centuries): Historical Perspective Abstract Banians or merchants’ bankers were the first Bengali collaborators or cross cultural brokers for the foreign merchants from the seventeenth century until well into the mid-nineteenth century Bengal. -
Memoirs on the History, Folk-Lore, and Distribution of The
' *. 'fftOPE!. , / . PEIHCETGIT \ rstC, juiv 1 THEOLOGICAL iilttTlKV'ki ' • ** ~V ' • Dive , I) S 4-30 Sect; £46 — .v-..2 SUPPLEMENTAL GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THE NORTH WESTERN PROVINCES. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 https://archive.org/details/memoirsonhistory02elli ; MEMOIRS ON THE HISTORY, FOLK-LORE, AND DISTRIBUTION RACESOF THE OF THE NORTH WESTERN PROVINCES OF INDIA BEING AN AMPLIFIED EDITION OF THE ORIGINAL SUPPLEMENTAL GLOSSARY OF INDIAN TERMS, BY THE J.ATE SIR HENRY M. ELLIOT, OF THE HON. EAST INDIA COMPANY’S BENGAL CIVIL SEBVICB. EDITED REVISED, AND RE-ARRANGED , BY JOHN BEAMES, M.R.A.S., BENGAL CIVIL SERVICE ; MEMBER OP THE GERMAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY, OP THE ASIATIC SOCIETIES OP PARIS AND BENGAL, AND OF THE PHILOLOGICAL SOCIBTY OP LONDON. IN TWO VOLUMES. YOL. II. LONDON: TRUBNER & CO., 8 and 60, PATERNOSTER ROWV MDCCCLXIX. [.All rights reserved STEPHEN AUSTIN, PRINTER, HERTFORD. ; *> »vv . SUPPLEMENTAL GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THE NORTH WESTERN PROVINCES. PART III. REVENUE AND OFFICIAL TERMS. [Under this head are included—1. All words in use in the revenue offices both of the past and present governments 2. Words descriptive of tenures, divisions of crops, fiscal accounts, like 3. and the ; Some articles relating to ancient territorial divisions, whether obsolete or still existing, with one or two geographical notices, which fall more appro- priately under this head than any other. —B.] Abkar, jlLT A distiller, a vendor of spirituous liquors. Abkari, or the tax on spirituous liquors, is noticed in the Glossary. With the initial a unaccented, Abkar means agriculture. Adabandi, The fixing a period for the performance of a contract or pay- ment of instalments. -
(Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited, Haryana) Evening Session
Adv. No. 1/2019 Cat. No. 01, Junior Engineer (Electrical) (Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited, Haryana) Evening Session Q1. निम्ि शब्द का पर्ाार्वाची शब्द बताइर्ᴂ | िेत्रजल A. दाख B. विलोचन C. आँसू D. अंशू Q2. निम्ि शब्द का ववपरीत (ववलोम) अर्ा बताइर्ᴂ | भाव A. प्रभाि B. अभाि C. स्िभाि D. अहमभाि Q3. िीचे ललखᴂ गर्े शब्द का एकवचि बिार्ᴂ| आररर्ⴂ A. आरी B. अरर C. आरर D. आररर Q4. िीचे ललखᴂ गर्े शब्द का बहुवचि बिार्ᴂ। पत्र्र A. पत्थरौ B. पतथरⴂ C. पत्थरⴂ D. पतथ्रⴂ Q5. िीचे ददर्े गर्े मुहावरे का उचचत अर्ा बतार्ᴂ | दीि दनु िर्ा से जािा A. कही का न रहना B. मर जाना C. घर से भाग जाना D. दखु ी होना Q6. __________ is the synonym of "INSANE." A. Sensible B. Insecure C. Foolish D. Meaningless May 1, 2019 Page 1 of 24 Adv. No. 1/2019 Cat. No. 01, Junior Engineer (Electrical) (Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited, Haryana) Evening Session Q7. __________ is the antonym of "UNIQUE." A. Common B. Only one of a kind C. Dull D. Unusual Q8. Identify the meaning of the idiom in the sentence. "He ran off the stage at the drop of a hat." A. Instantly B. Happily C. Slowly D. Stylishly Q9. Sentence given below may contain one or more mistakes. Identify the correct sentence. "He always reach late for school." A. He always reaches late to school. B. He always do reach late for school. -
The Place of Performance in a Landscape of Conquest: Raja Mansingh's Akhārā in Gwalior
South Asian History and Culture ISSN: 1947-2498 (Print) 1947-2501 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rsac20 The place of performance in a landscape of conquest: Raja Mansingh’s akhārā in Gwalior Saarthak Singh To cite this article: Saarthak Singh (2020): The place of performance in a landscape of conquest: Raja Mansingh’s akhārā in Gwalior, South Asian History and Culture, DOI: 10.1080/19472498.2020.1719756 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2020.1719756 Published online: 30 Jan 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 21 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rsac20 SOUTH ASIAN HISTORY AND CULTURE https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2020.1719756 The place of performance in a landscape of conquest: Raja Mansingh’s akhārā in Gwalior Saarthak Singh Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, New York, NY, USA ABSTRACT KEYWORDS In the forested countryside of Gwalior lie the vestiges of a little-known akhārā; landscape; amphitheatre (akhārā) attributed to Raja Mansingh Tomar (r. 1488–1518). performance; performativity; A bastioned rampart encloses the once-vibrant dance arena: a circular stage dhrupad; rāsalīlā in the centre, surrounded by orchestral platforms and an elevated viewing gallery. This purpose-built performance space is a unique monumentalized instance of widely-prevalent courtly gatherings, featuring interpretive dance accompanied by music. What makes it most intriguing is the archi- tectural play between inside|outside, between the performance stage and the wilderness landscape. -
Indian Archaeology 1976-77 a Review
INDIAN ARCHAEOLOGY 1976-77 —A REVIEW EDITED BY B. K. THAPAR Director General Archaeological Survey of India ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI 1980 Cover: 1, decorated terracotta tile from Harwan (p. 94) ; 2, copper-plate from Anekannambadi (pp. 59-60) ; and 3, inscribed seal from Sanghol (pp. 78-79). 1980 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Price : Rs. 65-00 PRINTED AT NABA MUDRAN PRIVATE LTD., CALCUTTA, 700 004 PREFACE This issue of the Review for 1976-77, like its twenty-three earlier ones, includes matter on the archaeological activities in the country during the previous year. The matter, as is well known, has come from diverse sources—State Departments of Archaeology, Universities, museums, research institutions and laboratories and the various offices of the Archaeological Survey of India—and I gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of all those whose contributions have been incorporated here. In the course of sorting and editing this vast mass of material, which is ever expanding, some errors are likely to creep in, and if there are any, I must apologize for them. At the same time I feel that if the contributors could supply their respective reports in the format followed in the successive issues of the Review, we may perhaps be able to eliminate possible inaccuracies; this, incidentally would also help us in bringing out the publication on time. I heartely thank my colleagues in the Archaeological Survey of India who have helped me in bringing out this volume, this being the fourth within a span of just one year. -
Colours, Flavours & Forts with Chris and Carolyn Caldicott 18Th February
Gwalior Fort © Chris Caldicott Central India: Colours, Flavours & Forts With Chris and Carolyn Caldicott 18th February – 6th March 2017 The Ultimate Travel Company Escorted Tours © Chris Caldicott Contact Sophie Lonsdale Direct Line 020 7386 4679 Telephone 020 7386 4620 Fax 020 7386 8652 Email [email protected] Chris Caldicott Since travelling to some of the most remote parts of the world as Photographer-in-Residence to the Royal Geographical Society, Chris Caldicott has continued his globetrotting lifestyle as a freelance photographer, writer and lecturer specialising in food and travel. He has had several books published about food, travel and the spice trade and visited 108 countries in search of the perfect meal, finding most of the top contenders on his many trips to Asia. As a journalist he is a regular contributor to publications such as Vanity Fair, Conde Nast Traveller, The Sunday Times, Harpers Bazaar, Tatler, House and Garden and the Telegraph. Chris will offer an initial workshop at the beginning of the trip on how to take better travel photographs and get the best out of your camera covering exposure, focus and composition illustrated with examples of his own work. He will also be offering one to one tutorials during the journey. Carolyn Caldicott Carolyn owed and ran the World Food Cafe in London’s Covent Garden for 20 years. She now works as an author and food writer and together with husband Chris has written several World Food Cafe recipe books about global cuisine. Her recent books including Vintage Tea Party, re-creating the nostalgic world of traditional English teatime treats; Rosehips On a Kitchen Table, a manual for foragers, farmers market shoppers and allotment gardeners; Comfort, recipes to warm the heart and feed the soul; Bombay Lunch Box, about Anglo-Indian Tiffin with a contemporary twist; and Great British Cooking, covering everything from roast beef to making marmalade. -
Behind the Veil:An Analytical Study of Political Domination of Mughal Women Dr
11 Behind The Veil:An Analytical study of political Domination of Mughal women Dr. Rukhsana Iftikhar * Abstract In fifteen and sixteen centuries Indian women were usually banished from public or political activity due to the patriarchal structure of Indian society. But it was evident through non government arenas that women managed the state affairs like male sovereigns. This paper explores the construction of bourgeois ideology as an alternate voice with in patriarchy, the inscription of subaltern female body as a metonymic text of conspiracy and treachery. The narratives suggested the complicity between public and private subaltern conduct and inclination – the only difference in the case of harem or Zannaha, being a great degree of oppression and feminine self –censure. The gradual discarding of the veil (in the case of Razia Sultana and Nur Jahan in Middle Ages it was equivalents to a great achievement in harem of Eastern society). Although a little part, a pinch of salt in flour but this political interest of Mughal women indicates the start of destroying the patriarchy imposed distinction of public and private upon which western proto feminism constructed itself. Mughal rule in India had blessed with many brilliant and important aspects that still are shining in the history. They left great personalities that strengthen the history of Hindustan as compare to the histories of other nations. In these great personalities there is a class who indirectly or sometime directly influenced the Mughal politics. This class is related to the Mughal Harem. The ladies of Royalty enjoyed an exalted position in the Mughal court and politics. -
Red Fortfort CMYK Were Built in 1638 and Were Designed to Prevent the Invaders
The Sentinel P A G E 5 AUGUST 13, 2018 CMYK RedRed FortFort CMYK were built in 1638 and were designed to prevent the invaders. Heritage It was built adjacent to the old Salimgarh Fort, built by Islam Zone Shah Suri in 1546. The main gate, Lahore Gate, is one of the emotional and symbolic focal points of the modern Indian nation and attracts a lot of visitors of, especially, during the Independence Day. It houses many museums. The arched arcade of Chatta Chowk, a small market sits where vendors can be seen selling trinkets, leads into the huge fort compound. Inside is a veritable treasure trove of buildings, including the Drum House, the Hall of Public Audiences, the white marble Hall of Private Audiences, the Pearl Mosque, Royal Baths and Palace of Color. The fort complex represents the zenith of Mughal creativity under Shah Jahan and was considered to be the social and political centre of Mughal empire. The imperial apartments consist of a row of pavilions, connected by a water channels known as the Stream of Paradise (Nahr-i-Bihisht). Each pavilion has typical Mughal architectural elements that reflect a fusion of Timurid and Persian The Red Fort is a historical place in the present city of Delhi in India. It traditions. Its innovative architecture, has influenced the buildings and was the main residence of the emperors of the Mughal dynasty for nearly gardens prepared later in Delhi, Rajasthan, Punjab, Kashmir, Braj, 200 years, until 1857. It was constructed in 1639 by Shah Jahan, the Rohilkhand and other places. -
Spatial Data Modeling in Gis for Historical Restoration and Conservation of Cultural Heritage of Seven Cities of Delhi
SPATIAL DATA MODELING IN GIS FOR HISTORICAL RESTORATION AND CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OF SEVEN CITIES OF DELHI Madan Mohan Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) New Delhi, INDIA [email protected], [email protected], Commission V, WG V/4 KEY WORDS: History, Human Settlement, Change, Structure, Cultural Heritage, GIS, Integration, Reconstruction ABSTRACT Delhi is one of the ancient historical and greatest cultural cities of the World. Delhi’s two monuments the Qutb Minar and Humayun’s Tomb have been declared the World Cultural Heritage sites. Delhi was built and rebuilt seven times on different sites through out the history within a triangular area of about 142.20 sq. kms. lying between the last ridge of the Aravalli Range and the River Yamuna. The remains of the seven cities of Delhi can still be seen across the landscape from the Tomar city of Lal-Kot to Siri, Tughluqabad, Jahanpanah and Firuzabad of the Sultans and then Purana-Qila and Shahjahanabad of the Mughals. Moreover, the New Delhi is historically the ‘eighth city’ built by the Britishers. The present Delhi is a complex agglomeration of built fabric which exists as evidence in the form of layers of various historic time periods. It is noteworthy to mention that the vertical and horizontal expansions have adversely been affected the historical areas as well as several cultural heritage sites particularly during the post- independence period in Delhi. Therefore, the widened role is not only to meet the challenges of development, but also to preserve and protect the different facets of the Delhi’s personality. -
Indian Archaeology 1994-95 a Review
INDIAN ARCHAEOLOGY 1994-95 — A REVIEW EDITED BY HARI MANJHI C. DORJE ARUNDHATI BANERJI PUBLISHED BY THE DIRECTOR GENERAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA GOVERNMENT OF INDIA JANPATH, NEW DELHI 2000 front cover : Gudnapura, general view of remains of a brick temple-complex back cover : Kanaganahalli, drum-slab depicting empty throne and Buddhdpada flanked by chanri bearers and devotees © 2000 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Price : Rs. 330.00 PRINTED AT M/S BENGAL OFFSET WORKS, 335, KHAJOOR ROAD, NEW DELHI - 110005 PREFACE In bringing out this annual Review after a brief gap of one month, I warmly acknowledge the contributions of all my colleagues in the Survey as also those in the State Departments, Universities and various other Institutions engaged in archaeological researches for supplying material with illustrations for inclusion in this issue. I am sure, that, with the co-operation of all the heads of respective departments, we will soon be able to further reduce the gap in the printing of the Review. If contributions are received in time in the required format and style, our task of expediting its publication will be much easier. The material incorporated herein covers a wide range of subjects comprising exploration and excavation, epigraphical discoveries, development of museums, radio-carbon dates, architectural survey of secular and religious buildings, structural/chemical conservation etc. During the period under review many new discoveries have been reported throughout the country. Among these the survey of buildings in and around Vrindavan associated with mythological tradition is particularly interesting. I would like to place on record my sincere thanks to my colleagues Shri Hari Manjhi, Shri C. -
DECLINE of the Mughal Empire
Class: 8 A,B &C HISTORY 17th July 2020 Chapter 5 DECLINE OF THE Mughal Empire The transition from the Medieval to the Modern Period began with the decline of the Mughal Empire in the first half of the 18th Century. This was followed by the East India Company’s territorial conquests and the beginning of the political domination of India in the middle of 18th Century. The Modern Period in India is generally regarded as having begun in the mid- 18th century. During the first half of the 18th Century the great Mughal Empire decayed and disintegrated. The Mughal Emperors lost their power and glory and their vast empire finally shrank to a few square miles around Delhi. The unity and stability had already been shaken during Aurangzeb’s long reign of about 50 years. The death of Aurangzeb, the last of the great Mughals, was followed by a war of succession among his three sons. Bahadur Shah eventually ascended the throne in 1707 at the age of 65. He became the first in a line of emperors referred to as the Later Mughals. THE LIST OF THE LATER MUGHALS (1707- 1857) 1) Bahadur Shah (1707-12) 2) Jahandar Shah (1712-13) 3) Farrukhshiyar ( 1713-19) 4) Muhammad Shah (1719-48) 5) Ahmad Shah (1748-54) 6) Alamgir II (1754-59) 7) Shah Alam II (1759-1806) 8) Akbar II ( 1806-37) 9) Bahadur Shah Zafar (1737_1857) THE REASONS FOR THE DECLINE OF THE MUGHAL EMPIRE 1) Politics in the Mughal Court; 2) Jagirdari Crisis; 3) Weak Military organization and Administration; 4) Wars of succession; 5) Aurangzeb’s policies; 6) Economic bankruptcy 7) Foreign invasions 8) Weak successors. -
LAL QUILA/RED FORT COMPLEX Red Fort, Popularly Known As Lal Qila, Was Constructed by Shah Jahan in the 17Th Century
LAL QUILA/RED FORT COMPLEX Red Fort, popularly known as Lal Qila, was constructed by Shah Jahan in the 17th Century. • The fort complex served as the residence of Mughal Emperors for nearly 200 years, until 1857. • It was designed by architect Ustad Ahmad Lahauri and Ustad Hamid. • The fort lies along the Yamuna River. • Its construction began in the sacred month of Muharram, on 13 May 1638, and was completed in 1648. • It has a perimeter of 2.41km. •The fort is built using red sandstone and has an oblong octagonal plan. • It has 2 principal gates – Lahore Drawaza and Delhi Darwaza along its western and southern sides respectively. Key Features •The fortress is in the shape of a rectangle 900m by 550m. • The rampart is about 34m high. • A moat surrounds the rampart. • Two of five gateways of the fort are three – storeyed structures flanked by octagonal towers. • These are the Lahori Gate and the Delhi Gate. • Figures of two huge elephants flank the Delhi Gate. • The main entrance to the fort is through the Lahori Gate. • A covered passage with shops on either side leads to the places inside the fort. Rampart - a defensive wall of a castle or walled city, having a broad top with a walkway and typically a stone parapet. •The Red Fort's boundary walls are asymmetrical to contain the older Salimgarh Fort. • The fortress-palace was a focal point of the medieval city of Shahjahanabad, which is present-day Old Delhi. • Its planning and aesthetics represent the zenith of Mughal creativity prevailing during Shah Jahan's reign.