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Training on Structural and Seismic Engineering Report 2017 Training on Structural and Seismic Engineering Report 2017 C2C on Post-earthquake support on reconstruction Contents I. Summary of training on Structural and Seismic Engineering 2016 ......2 II. Post-earthquake initiatives by KMC .......................................................3 III. Overview of training on Structural and Seismic Engineering 2017 ......4 IV. Outputs of Workshops of 6th Training ...............................................6 V. Learnings from Site Visits to Construction Sites ....................................7 VI. Statistics ...............................................................................................10 VII. Recommendation and Way Forward ...................................................11 I. Summary of training on Structural and Seismic Engineering 2016 The first year of the Structural and Seismic Engineering Training explored various construction techniques in RC structures, steel frame structures and timber structures. Through observation and direct feedback from participants, it became evident that the municipal engineers have sufficient technical knowledge and background in construction methods and design. It was identified that the biggest challenge was to narrow the capacity/knowledge gap between constituents among all stake- holders, especially the house owners, contractors and construction laborers. Furthermore, city engineers had limitations on spending enough time visiting construction sites to ensure the quality of construction and compliance to the Building Code. Based on this result, the second year trainings focused on the inspection process and making improvements to the system to ensure effective quality control of construction. 2 II. Post-earthquake initiatives by Kathmandu Metro- politan City (KMC) i. Installation of eBPS: e-Build- Before eBPS After eBPS ing Permit System The Building Construction Permit De- partment of Kathmandu Metropolitan City has been working on the Electronic Supervising Supervising Building Permit System (EBPS) with the Engineer Engineer support of UNDP. This was implemented with the goal to speed up the building permit application system by digitalizing documents and allowing applications to be processed online. E-BPS enables municipalities to manage a building permit system by integrating the NBC and municipal BBL. It supports municipal staff members to maintain a building permit database and ensure NBC and BBL compliance for individu- . KMC Building Construction al buildings through an intuitive web . Permit Department interface. Source: http://www.kmcebps.gov.np/ . After the adoption of the . eBPS, it became easier for @ house owners to track the ii. 14 Changes in By-Laws Notification progress of their building of Approval permit application as well as reduced the amount of According to KMC, there have been 14 paper used in the process. changes and additions (as of March This has been effective in 2017) made to the by-laws since the speeding up the building earthquake, including requirements for permit application system. set-backs and external walls to ensure there is enough space for emergency ve- hicles and evacuation of people in times House Owner House Owner of disasters, additional construction to existing buildings and implementation of soil tests, among other topics. KMC Organisational Structure (as of Dec 2017) iii. Restructuring to KMC KMC Council Organisational Structure KMC Disaster Management Committee Mayor Formerly under the Social Welfare De- partment as a division, the Disaster Man- CEO agement Department was officially es- tablished in 2016. Disaster Management Department The new department is responsible for Disaster Management Fire Brigade disaster risk reduction programs with- Division Division in KMC and monitoring the infrastruc- ture development according to building Disaster Disaster Fire Control Awareness by-laws and the National Building Code Management Preparedness Section Promotion (NBC) in coordination with the Building Section Section Section Construction Permit Division. Training on Structural and Seismic Engineering Report 2017 3 III. Overview of training on Structural and Seismic Engineering 2017 4th Training, March 2017, Yokohama NEEDS OVERVIEW INPUTS • Knowledge sharing in Engineers from Kathman- 1. Utilization of heritage buildings awareness raising among du and Yokohama shared 2. Yokohama’s measures against earthquakes and house owners and labor- their progress during the steel frame structures and site visit to steel frame ers in safe construction 21st CITYNET Japan Forum manufacturing factory and DRR in addition to attending 3. Quality management of public facility construction • Knowledge sharing in lessons shared by the ex- 4. Site visit to seismic isolation device construction manage- perts from the Housing and 5. Awareness-raising activities in DRR (DRR Learning ment Architecture Bureau of the Center) • Techniques in steel frame City of Yokohama. 6. Introduction and site visit to urban redevelopment construction project incorporating DRR measures • Seismic resiliency in 7. Private sector initiatives in resilient houses – site infrasturcture visit to Nice Corporation 5th Training, July 2017, Kathmandu NEEDS OVERVIEW INPUTS AND WORKSHOPS • Understanding Knowledge sharing sessions were 1. Essentials to constructing safe RC buildings in Japan quality control and complemented with workshops 2. Initiatives to improve building construction process construction man- where KMC engineers engaged 3. Site visit to RC residential building construction site agement in Nepal in active discussions to propose 4. Policies on inspection and construction contracts • Identification of possible solutions and recom- 5. Localising lessons from Japan for building back bet- points of improve- mendations. The workshop ter- technical and management perspective ment during con- offered an opportunity for engi- 6. Resilient urban planning and implementation: Case struction and in neers from varying municipalities study from Dharan inspection process to share their experiences and 7. Designing a resilient city: community led initiatives ideas with each other. This partic- 8. Inspection process during construction ular training was also collaborat- 9. Workshop on inspection process and group presen- ed with the World Bank Nepal tations office. 6th Training, November 2017, Kathmandu NEEDS OVERVIEW INPUTS AND WORKSHOPS 1. Earthquake resistant building design and its application in • Identification of roles Specific inspection construction of KMC engineers in points were discussed to 2. Understanding and addressing the gap in resilient construc- the improvement of identify tasks which may tion practices inspection process help improve construc- 3. Differences between construction process in Nepal and and quality control in tion quality and manage- Japan construction ment. Experts from the 4. Site visit to construction site of 3 storey school building academic and private 5. Feedback and observations of day 2 site visit sector in Nepal also 6. Workshop 1 – Points to be aware of in reinforcement and shared their initiatives concrete work for improving overall 7. Workshop 2 – Overall management setup for construction construction mange- 8. Workshop 3 – Administrative inspection system ment. 9. Potential remedies for improving construction practices at the supervising engineer’s level 4 III. Overview of training on Structural and Seismic Engineering 2017 OUTPUTS • Importance of public awareness raising activi- ties in DRR shared • Methods to increase resiliency in infrastructure shared • Main topics of train- ing narrowed down to awareness-raising, quality control of construction practices OUTPUTS • Important points which influence structural per- formance of the building were identified through walkthrough of the inspec- tion process • Participants learned initia- tives to improve inspection process and quality control from different municipal- ities OUTPUTS • See next page for details Training on Structural and Seismic Engineering Report 2017 5 IV. Outputs of Workshops of 6th Training Workshop 1: Points to be aware of in reinforcement and concrete work A. Current issues B. Recommendations • Bending of reinforcement bars while transporting • Transport bars without bending or cut bent sections • Poor quality of sand and cement and only use straight portions • Construction material stored/ kept directly on open • Quality control mechanism and standard need to be ground practiced through the government • Price fluctuation of construction material • Provide clear awareness on consequences of incorrect storage to labors and provide appropriate location • Price control mechanism and monitoring need to be practiced through government Workshop 2: Overall management setup for construction work A. Current issues in inspection and quality control B. Recommendations • Lack of understanding of building codes and by-laws • Permission of engineer/architect is required if changes permitted by municipality by house owners and to plans are necessary contractors • All stakeholders (house owners, engineers/architects, • Lack of professionalism and ad-hoc management contractors) need to approve of changes made during • Lack of interaction and awareness coordination construction period between the owner and the designer before the • Discuss and finalize design and drawing before drawing is approved beginning construction • House owners are blamed for low quality construction Workshop 3: Administrative Inspection System A. Current issues in
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