Sustainable Tourism in Norfolk County: a Policy Recommendation
Master of Engineering and Public Policy School of Engineering Practices
Inquiry Driven Thesis
Prepared by: Fazlur Rahman Hassan Inquiry Supervisor: Dr. G. Krantzberg
September 2014 Sustainable Tourism in Norfolk County: a Policy Recommendation
Masters of Engineering and Public Policy Inquiry Driven Thesis By Fazlur Rahman Hassan
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Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES ...... iii LIST OF TABLES ...... iv ABSTRACT ...... 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...... 2 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 3 2. METHODOLOGY ...... 4 2.1Literature Review ...... 5 2.1.1 The Need for Sustainable Tourism ...... 5 2.1.2 Sustainable Tourism Criteria ...... 6 2.2 Interview Methodology ...... 12 2.3 Study Area ...... 13 3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION ...... 14 3.1 Environmental ...... 14 3.1.1 Conservation ...... 14 3.1.2 Waste and Water Management ...... 17 3.2.3 Interpretation ...... 19 3.2 Economy ...... 20 3.2.1 Norfolk County tourism activities and highlights ...... 20 3.2.2 Tourism event based attractions ...... 22 3.2.3 Accommodation ...... 24 3.2.4 Transportation ...... 27 3.2.5 Funding and Incentives ...... 28 3.3 Social ...... 30 4. POLICY RECOMMENDATION ...... 31 4.1 Environmental ...... 31 4.1.1 Establishing Beach Management Authority ...... 31 4.1.2 Implementing energy conservation in tourism infrastructure ...... 33 4.2 Economic ...... 34 4.2.1 Providing Day Tour Shuttle Bus Trips ...... 34 4.2.2 Promoting and Offering Bicycle Rentals ...... 34 4.2.3 Increasing the number of staff in Norfolk County Tourism and Economic Division appointed to focus on marketing and fund raising ...... 35 4.3 Social ...... 35 4.3.1 Providing continuous information that is accessible through out Norfolk County Community ...... 35
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5. CONCLUSION ...... 36 Bibliography ...... 38 APPENDIX A –Species at risk in Haldimand-Norfolk Regions ...... 46 APPENDIX B – List of Amazing Places in Long Point Biosphere Reserve ...... 48 APPENDIX C – List of attractions and locations ...... 49 APPENDIX D – List of Events in Norfolk County ...... 53 APPENDIX E –List of accommodation around the case study area ...... 57 APPENDIX F – Map of trails around Norfolk County ...... 58 APPENDIX G – Economic Development Strategy Monitoring Report – Tourism Related Projects ...... 59 APPENDIX H – Incentive related to tourism development in Norfolk County ...... 60 APPENDIX I –The Corporation of Norfolk County By-Law No. 2014-96 ...... 61 APPENDIX J –Cost benefit analysis day tour bus trip ...... 63 !
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Sustainable Tourism Criteria ...... 7 Figure 2 Norfolk County map and case study area ...... 14 Figure 3 Events held based on seasons ...... 23 Figure 4 Events based on location ...... 24 Figure 5 Numbers and types of accommodation in Norfolk County ...... 25
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! ! ! LIST OF TABLES
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Table 1 Water, wastewater and waste management facilities ...... 18 Table 2 Funds from Province of Ontario ...... 30
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ABSTRACT
! This research was conducted to develop policy recommendations on sustainable tourism in Norfolk County. Sustainable criteria were developed as a research guideline which covered three main aspects of sustainable tourism development: environment, economy and society; focusing on supporting factors such as conservation of natural resource, water, wastewater and waste management, interpretation, funding, accommodation, transportation and community involvement. In addition, interviews were conducted to develop a better understanding of tourism activities within the County. The research found that participation of stakeholders and government policy framework led to conservation of natural resources. However, these results imposed additional challenges on economic development due to the need for additional cost for environmental impact assessment. Furthermore, economic barriers come from limited funding and high dependency of event-based tourism, which leads to intensive pressure on the social community especially during high season events. As a result, policy recommendations are suggested to firstly enhance conservation practices along the beaches and tourism infrastructure through energy, water and waste management. Secondly, I recommend that the County day trip tours and bicycle rentals as means of tourism transportation facilities and increase the staff for marketing and fund raising purposes. Finally, I recommend that community stakeholder engagement and collaborative education should be carried out through continuous information delivery that is accessible throughout the County.
Keywords: Sustainable Tourism; Sustainable Tourism Criteria; Rural; Policy Recommendation
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author would like to acknowledge Dr. Gail Kranzberg, Brian Craig, Andrea Kilian,
Clark Hoskin and Mary Elder for their valuable remarks. Special thanks to Norfolk County tourism operators: Steve Martin (Long Point Eco Adventures), Wanda Heimbecker (Whistling
Gardens), Barna Robinson (BAER Kayak Fishing) Larry Dawson (BIA Simcoe), Al Freemen
(Chair, Norfolk County Tourism & Economic Development Advisory Board/Saint Williams
Variety Store), George Araujo (Norfolk County Fair), Janice Robertson (Backus Heritage
Conservation Area). Last but not least, I would like to thank my family and friends that supported me throughout the study and research.
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1. INTRODUCTION (Fazlur, i chose to just edit the grammar in the abstract)
Tourism is one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world. Several factors that
contribute to tourism growth are the improved and accessible transportation systems,the increase
of travel demands, andthe innovation in communication technologies. Based on UNWTO
Annual Report (World Tourism Organization, 2013), International tourist arrivals will reach
close to 1.4 billion in 2020 and 1.8 billion by 2030. Furthermore, according to a new report by
UNWTO (World Tourism Organization, 2014), international tourist arrivals worldwide are
expected to increase by 3.3% with 2.6% of annual growth in North America.
In 2012, Canada received 16 million international overnight visitors, an increase of 1.7%
compared to2011. Canada’s tourism sector accounted for 1.8% of Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) (Canadian Tourism Commission, 2013). In 2012, overall tourism demand grew by 4.2%
to $81.9 billion, with total tourism GDP reaching $32.2 billion. Most tourist visitors came from
the US with a total of 74%, while the remaining 26% came from other nations such as UK,
France, Germany, Australia, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Brazil, China, and India. Furthermore,
in 2012 out of all the provinces visited by tourists, Ontario had the highest tourist visitors with a
total of 42%.
In 2013, a Travel Intentions Study (TNS) survey was conducted to provide a global
picture outlook of near future tourist travel intentions in Ontario(Ontario Ministry of Tourism,
Culture and Sport, 2014). The results showed that 19% of Americans and 45% of Canadians
were interested in visiting Southwest Ontario Region. In addition 68% of Americans and 47% of
Canadians were shown to seek nature/outdoor activities as one of their main tourist interest.
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The Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport hascategorized Ontario tourist region into 13
regions. This paper discusses Norfolk County, a region within Southwest Ontario Region that
consists of other areas such as Haldimand/Elgin, Windsor, Essex and Pelee Island for
Sania/Lambton and Windsor-Essex.
Norfolk County’s most popular tourist attractions are the beaches, ports and towns along
Lake Erie, known as “Ontario’s South Coast.” Other tourist attractions that the County provides
includefishing, bird watching, hiking, cycling, motorcycle touring and camping (Research
Resolutions & Consulting Ltd, 2013).Urban areas within Norfolk County include Port Dover,
Simcoe, Delhi, Waterford and Port Rowan.Long point located within the County is one of 16
Biosphere Reserves in Canada selected by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) Man and the Biosphere Program. Itis host to a number of significant
plant and animal species and offers a variety of recreational facilities. As such, the research is
focused to provide policy recommendations for the development of sustainable tourism in
Norfolk County.
2. METHODOLOGY
This research was conducted through the form of literature review and interview with
primary data and secondary data collection. Secondary source data were taken from websites,
while primary source data were taken from news websites, journals, books, and documents
issued by the government.
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2.1 Literature Review
2.1.1 The Need for Sustainable Tourism
Despite the economic benefits from tourism development, there are many cases
oftourism development that can lead to resources degradation and therefore are likely to
lead to a decline of tourism. Moreover, it is said that there is no example of tourist use
that is completely without impact (Cater,1993).Tourism pressure,for example in
European heritage cities poses a threat to the integrity of the heritage and the quality of
life of the residents. Problems arise from transportation (e.g. traffic, parking problems),
environmental impact (e.g. pollution) andsocial issue (e.g.crowding out and occasional
irritation of the local population that finally lead to “depletion” heritage) (Borg et al.,
1996).
Tourism growth in Baihe proximate to Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve
located in Northeast China puts pressure on the surrounding forest resource and led to
increased fragmentation of forest landscapes on Changbai Mountain (Zhao et al.,
2010).Moreover, due to tourism expansion there is loss of flora and fauna (Koncul,
2007). Along with demand growthin the tourism sector, there is need for further
infrastructure development and better service quality that will put pressure on natural
resource and the community.Therefore, there is a need for policy planningframework in
developing sustainable tourism.
Definition of sustainable tourism development derives from the concept of
sustainable development as the Brudtland Commission defines sustainable development
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as” "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs” (World Commission on Environment and
Development, 1987).
The researcher here adopts sustainable tourism terminology from Shirley Eber
because it reflects Brudtland’s sustainable development definition;
“Sustainable tourism is tourism and associated infrastructures that: both now and in the
future operate within natural capacities for the regeneration and future productivity of
natural resources; recognize the contribution that people and communities, customs and
lifestyles, make to the tourism experience; accept that these people must have an
equitable share in the economic benefits of local people and communities in the host
areas” (Eber, 1992)
2.1.2 Sustainable Tourism Criteria
Sustainable tourism criteria are developed through literature study that focused on
rural, coastal and conservation areas because of the geographical, biodiversity and
population density of Norfolk County. In addition, commonality of sustainable tourism
specification is also taken into consideration in developing these sustainable tourism
criteria.Sustainable tourism development relies on the assurance of renewable economic,
social and cultural benefits to the community and its environment (Richards& Hall,
2003).Thus, the three main aspects of environment, economic and social impact within
the development of tourism sector were used as the sustainable tourism criteria. Each of
the aspects is broken down to several supporting factors that help achieve sustainable
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tourism goal.Figure 1 describes the 3 main aspects of sustainable tourism criteria and
factors that support the development.
! Economic • Accomodation • Transportation • Funding Environment Social
• Conservation • Community based • Water, wastewater action and waste facilites • Education
Sustainable Tourism
Figure 1 Sustainable Tourism Criteria
a. Environment
Firstly, the two main areas of environmental impact of tourism are pressure on
natural resources and damage to ecosystems (Neto, 2003). As a result, conservation
practice becomes the principle foundation and the first priority for the notion of
sustainable tourism development (Lane, 2005; Stewart, 1993;Wight, 2002).Conservation
of natural habitat and resource can be carried out by;
a. Management and regulation: essentially conservation can be gained through
proper regulation (Mawdsley et al., 2009) and management development by
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communities and government (Stewart, 1993).
b. Monitoring: monitoring is a tool associated with conservation to inform
conservationist when the system is departing from the desired condition, assess the
success of management actions, and detect the effects of disturbance (Legga&
Nagy, 2006). Furthermore, monitoring natural population is often required to
establish conservation status of species and also improve management decisions
(Martin et al., 2005). Thus, to achieve successful conservation efficient use of
monitoring effort is vital(Nicholsa& William, 2006).
c. Land use planning: land use and land management decisions outside of protected
areas are vitally important (Polasky et al., 2005).According to Polasky large part of
conservation objectives such as habitat compatibility and habitat area requirements
can be achieved at little cost with thoughtful land use planning. Local land-use
planning offers opportunity for protecting natural system as local communities
proactively develop their land use plans rather than reactively (Theobald et al.,
2000).
Secondly, water and waste issue have also become evident problems resulting from
disposal of liquid and solid waste, uncontrolled wastewater discharge and water reduction
generated by the tourism industry (Brownet al., 1997; Hiltunen, 2007). This issue can be
addressed by having water and waste management plans and facilities to support the
tourism pressure (Manninget al., 1996; Buckley, 1996; Lim&McAleer, 2005). Water
management includes focusing on policy (e.g. building codes, measurement and charging
of water consumption), research and development (e.g. implement renewable energy-
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driven desalination; understanding the philosophical, religious and ethical issues of
wastewater reuse and recycling), management (e.g. including operations to reduce water
use, treat sewage and reuse water), as well as behavioral and educational change to
encourage tourists and staff to engage in water-saving measures (Gössling et al., 2012).
Waste management includes waste minimization and reduction, waste collection,
availability of transportation and management facilities. Moreover, the availability of
waste management policy and regulations becomes an important indicator in achieving
sustainable tourism (Choia&Sirakayab, 2006).
Thirdly, interpretation is needed in the development of sustainable tourism as it
helps to modify the behavior of tourists through increased knowledge and awareness
(Tubb, 2003).Interpretation is a process of informing or educatingvisitors on a specific
site. Tilden defines interpretation as “An educational activity, which aims to reveal
meanings and relationships through the use of original objects, by firsthand experience,
and by illustrative media, rather than simply to communicate factual information”
(Tilden, 1977).Interpretation refers to educational activities such as museums, national
parks,and heritage sites. Interpretation also includes such things as pamphlets, guided
tours, signs, brochures, as well as exhibits and displays in zoos, aquaria and visitor
centers(Higginbottom, 2004). Effective interpretation can contribute to sustainable
tourism by enhancing the quality of the experience as well as encouraging continued
visitors’ interest (economic benefits) (Moscardo, 2003). Furthermore, it assists in the
management of the visitors and contributes to maintaining high quality of the
environment (environmental benefits)(Moscardo, 2003).
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b. Economy
Transportation, tour operators, travel agents and accommodation are the main
sectors that support tourism economic development (Sinclair, 1998). Two of thefour most
common sectors mentioned in tourism development are transportation and
accommodation where transportation has been highlighted as a significant infrastructure
requirement of tourism development (Dickinson& Robbins, 2008; Khadaroo&Seetanah,
2007;Okech et al., 2012) and accommodation has been highlighted as a fundamental
element of tourism product (Sharpley, 2000) and tourism primary business (Likorish&
Jenkins, 1997). The key points in developing transportation sector are to provide reliable
and accessible transportation infrastructure network and supporting facilities such as
parking areas, fuel stations and proper road signs,which allow the tourist to gain a
comfortable and safe travel experience. Moreover, nowadays transportation should
consider emission reduction to avoid climate change and air pollution that can harm both
human health and environment.
On the accommodation sector, the important key aspects arecleanliness, hospitality,
good service and food quality. Implementing conservation actions such as energy saving,
water consumption reduction and waste minimization within the accommodation sector
also contribute to environmental conservation that is needed to avoid natural resource
pressure. The examples of environmental initiatives includeenergy saving devices,
recycling wastewater for irrigation, water saving devices, use of renewable energy
technologies, and recycling programs (Font et al., 2008).
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One more important factor to mention for the economic aspect in sustainable
tourism development is the influence of central government policies and funding
(MacDonald&Jolliffe, 2003; Wilson et al., 2001).Local governments and private sources
such as banks also often have limited resources to invest in tourism (Wilsonet al., 2001).
In addition, most residents have sufficient incomes to invest, so tourism inrural areas
usually depends on external funds (Wilsonet al., 2001).Thus, support in funding towards
tourism sectors is needed.
c. Social
The development of tourism can cause a positive impact to the economybut can
also cause a negative impact to local culture and social structure(Forstner,
2004).Residents benefit from tourism through employment, tax revenues and personal
income (Haralambopolous&Pizam, 1996). In contrast, the negative impact from tourism
to social well-being is the pressure that leads community residentsto see tourism as
troublesome and a threat to their lifestyles (Wilson et al., 2001) natural and cultural
heritage (Briassoulis, 2002).
To address this issue, it is highly important that acommunity-based action plan is
implemented so that communities can set up their public values through planning
process. Community-based action is defined as residents activities that pursue to address
issues of community identity and solidarity (Goodwin& Jasper, 2009) through
collaboration of other residents(Hwang et al., 2012); as a result, communities will invest
in tourism development (Hwang et al., 2012). Furthermore, programs designed to protect
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a community’s environment and maintain or increase its standard of living will result in
the realization of tourism benefits and will thus support sustainable tourism development
(Lee, 2013).
2.2Interview Methodology
Prior to 2001, Norfolk County was a part of the Regional Municipality of Haldimand-
Norfolk. On January 1, 2001Norfolk County (the County) was established, which consists of the western portion of the restructured Regional Municipality of Haldimand- Norfolk. As a result of the restructuring, Norfolk County developed Norfolk County Official Plan (NCOP) as a guide for future growth and development. In addition, specific policy framework - Lakeshore Special
Policy Area (LPSA) Planwas developed along the lakeshore recognizing the surroundingshoreline in need for specific development and management in order to protect the area’s natural attributes and reduce pressures. Sustainability has become the foundation of these plans that includes tourism strategies and framework (Norfolk County, 2009a; Norfolk County,
2006).
These documents and the literature study are the bases of the interview questions.
Interviews were carried out to understand the current condition of tourism activity and to verify whether the County’s tourism plan and strategy have been implemented and meet the sustainable tourism criteria.Interviews were carried out through discussion with tourism operators within the case studyareas with a minimum of one representative from each urban area and focal point:
• Urban areas: Norfolk County; Port Rowan, Delphi, Port Dover, Waterford, and Simcoe.
• Focal points: Turkey Point and Long Point.
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The questions are categorized into three parts: environmental, economic and social, as described below:
a. Environmental: Stakeholder identification in monitoring of natural habitat and species.
Availability of water, wastewater, and waste management facilities.
b. Economic: Development of accommodation. Development of transportation (bike trails
and public transportation). Economic opportunity and challenges.
c. Social: Effect of tourism to local communities and culture heritage and community
involvement in tourism activity.
2.3 Study Area
Norfolk County has a total area of 163,445 ha, where 24.5% of the area is categorized as
Wooded Area (Norfolk County, 2014c). It has eight Geographic Townships namely:
Southwalsingham, Northwalsingham, Windham, Charlotteville, Woodhouse, Townsend,
Middleton and Houghton with a total population of 63,175 and population Density of 39.3 pop/sq.Km(Norfolk County, 2014c).
Based on Ministry of Natural Resource Ontario, this is a total of 70 species at risk in
Haldimand-Norfolk Regions ranging from plants, mammals, fish, snakes, turtles, amphibians, birds, mussels to insects (Ministry of Natural Resource, 2014, June 16). Figure 2shows a map of the case study area. The red circles within the map represent the urban areas and focal points.
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Brant County 20
.! .! Kelvin .! Bealton Wilsonville .! Boston 25 19 74 .! .! NOTIFICATION OF NEWVanessa CIVIC ADDRESSBill's Corners 25 Teetervi lle 4 TOWNSEND 19 .! .! ! Waterford Villa Nova 24 9 Windham Centre 9 Oxford County .! 37 .! WINDHAM La Salette 24 Haldimand County .! .! Lynnville .! Rattlesnake 59 Harbour
Norfolk .! North Delhi Renton ! 13 ! 40 3 .51 .! Simcoe Fernlea Nixon .! 24! 3 ! Norfolk.! Courtland 25 West 41 Gilbertville .! Hillcrest .! WOODHOUSE 19 MIDDLETON 16 46 21 .! Bill's Corners 5 38 .! Lynedoch .! 6 Green's Corners 6 30 !6 Wyecombe .! Port .! South .! Pinegrove Middleton Dover 21 .! Andy's.! Silver Hill Walsh .! Vittoria 57 Corners .! 3 58 Port ! 23 . Ryerse .!Langton CHARLOTTEVILLE Elgin County 1 Glen Meyer.! NORTH WALSINGHAM .! Fishers Glen
.! Normandale 55 10 16 Forestville.! Turkey .! Point Frogmore.! 45 Walsingham .! 24 .! St. Williams .! HOUGHTON Booth's Fairground SOUTH WALSINGHAM Harbour .! L o n g 60 .! P o i n t 28 Cultus ! Port B a y Rowan
.! Messiah's Corners 42 µ 59 024681 Kilometers .! Long Point
L a k e E r i e
Figure 2Norfolk County map and case study area (Norfolk County, 2014d)
! ! ! ! 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1 Environmental
3.1.1 Conservation
As previouslymentioned conservation can be achieved through three
specificactions, they will be discussed as follows:
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a) Proper management and regulation from government
First of all,conservation practices need proper management and regulation from the
government. Here NCOP plan addresses natural heritage conservation in form the of a
policy guideline in air pollution, watershed management, source water protection, waste
management, land use management and natural heritage system. Furthermore, Norfolk
County has a dedicated Environmental Advisory Committee (NEAC) that advises and
assists Norfolk County in land use planning matters pertaining to the preservation,
conservation, restoration and enhancement of the County's natural environment.
Environmental Impact Study (EIS) is carried out and has to go through NEAC prior to its
approval. NEAC reviewed a total of nine and sixprojects in 2011 and 2012 respectively
for the development application of farms and campgrounds (Elder, 2012).
b) Monitoring
NCOP mentions thatmonitoring watershed and natural habitat/species is to be
carried outin collaboration with Long Point Region Conservation Authority (LPRCA)
and Grand River Conservation Authority (GRCA).With more than 20% of the area
categorized as a wooded area, Long-point (one of world’s biosphere reserve) and several
species at risk located within the County; natural resource and habitat becomes
conservation priority forstakeholdersincluding, NGO,the provincial government, and
interest groups. Some of the stakeholders include a)Ministry of Natural Resource,
whichtakes part in management and conservation in two locations; Long Point and
Turkey Point Provincial Park, b) Bird Studies Canada (not-for-profit organization) plays
an important role in conservation of wild birds and their habitats in Canada including
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Norfolk County, and also has itsHeadquarters and National Research Centre
locatedwithin the County.
However, it differs for the cases of beaches within the case study area. There are
three beachesin the case study area and they are located in Turkey Point, Long Point and
Port Dover. Turkey Point and Long Point beach falls within Provincial Park management,
while Port Dover beach falls within the town’s management. The advantage of beaches
managed by Provincial Park is that conservation reserves and wilderness areas becomes
high priority thus ensuring preservation of the natural environment. Furthermore, the
levels of air and water quality have to be consistent with protection of biodiversity and
recreational enjoyment (Provincial Park and Conservation Reserve Act, 2006).On the
other hand, Port Dover Beach is not obliged for water testing, and have no wildlife
conservation, which could lead to the damage of the ecosystem. To promote
environmental sustainability and recreational facility within the County’s beaches and
marines, LPSA suggested to pursue theBlue Flag Designation eco-label certification
program. However, within the interview it is mentioned that due to limited resource and
minimum interest of landowner involvement towards this program it has not been carried
out.
c) Land Use Planning
NCOP document provides a section specifically on land use development
requirements including areas such as; Agricultural, Hazard Lands, Provincially
Significant Wetland, Hamlet, Resort Residential, Urban Residential Designation, Central
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Business District Designation, Shopping Centre Commercial, Commercial,
Industrial/Business Park, Institutional, Parks and Open Space andUrban Waterfront
Designation (Norfolk County, 2006). Each of the land use designated has a specific
requirement that needs consideration prior to any development.
In addition, Norfolk County consists of a wide area of agriculture land use.
Understanding the importance of Norfolk County, the Norfolk Federation of Agriculture
(NFA) and the Norfolk Land Stewardship Council (NLSC) took part inAlternative Land
Use Services (ALUS) Project - an initiative that promotes conservation of natural areas
on farms, enhance wildlife habitats and convert marginal farmland to produce
environmental benefits.One of the programs that have been successful in reducing
erosion in the region is the buffering of 32 priority sites, including drinking water sources
for nearby towns (Clean Air Partnership, 2012).
3.1.2 Waste and Water Management
Tourists can cause pollution from solid waste, wastewater and put pressure on
natural resources in the form of energy and water supply, land use and soil erosion
(Hiltunen, 2007).Poor management of water and waste can easily increase pollution and
environmental degradation. The importance of water, wastewater and waste management
and facilitiesare mentioned in NCOP. Therefore, search of water, wastewater and waste
management facilities were conducted. Table 1 below shows the water, wastewater and
waste management facilities within the study area.
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Table 1Water, wastewater and waste management facilities
Port Port Turkey Long Infrastructure Waterford Delhi Simcoe Dover Rowan Point Point Water Facilities ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Waste Water ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Facilities ✓ ✓ ✓ Waste ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Disposal sites ✓
Table 1 shows that all of the urban areas and focal points have water and
wastewater facilities, which is mainly because the towns were developed individually.
Focal point such as Turkey Point and Long Point use onsite sewage disposal systems
private portable waste systems either private septic system or holding tanks.
For the waste disposal sites, several are located within urban areas but none are
located in the focal points.Waste generated from focal points disposed of to other waste
disposal sites within the County. Waste is stored first in garbage disposal bins, then
collected and transportedaccording to the Waste Collection Guide. There is a dedicated
day for waste collection of each area. Waste generation and disposal becomes an issue as
the researcher still finds garbage within beaches. It is mentioned in the interviews
thatvisitors still displace their garbage even though dedicated waste and recycling bins
are clearly available.
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. There are limited public washrooms especially in Turkey Point, Port Rowan and
Simcoe. As a result, people are often forced to use commercial facilities or goto
uncomfortable natural ways in the public environment. Thus, it puts pressureon the local
business and environment.
3.2.3 Interpretation
There are 11 museums and historical sites spread throughout the County (Norfolk
County, 2014a).The museums vary from Agriculture, Marine, and Arts to Tobacco
Museum and Heritage Center.Four out of the five urban areas have museums. Within
these museums,brochures and pamphlets are available but no guided tour is provided.
Furthermore, as mentionedpreviously rural areas such as Norfolk County have several
historical sites including Norfolk War Memorial Carillon Tower, Canada's First Forestry
Station, and the 1798 Backhouse Grist Mill National Historic Site.
There is a project in Norfolk County called Amazing Places, a project that selects
places around the Long Point Biosphere Reserve, with theobjectives to attract, inspire and
educate visitors about the natural surroundings. The places that are chosen fall within the
sustainably criteria, as it is a location that can handle increased visitation without
compromising what makes the place amazing.Whistling Gardens, Long-Point Eco
Adventures and two of the LPCA conservation area(Backus Heritage Conservation Area
and Deer Creek Conservation Area) have been voted as two of the 10 Amazing
Places.All of these locations provide interpretation for the visitors where the visitors can
learn about plants, birds, and or animals.Scorse explains that people can only value things
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that they are aware of (Scorse, 2010); thus, interpretation practices become a perfect tool
to increase the value of the location sites.
3.2 Economy
3.2.1 Norfolk County tourism activities and highlights
In 2011, Norfolk County had over 930,000 visitors, where the percentage of tourist
from Canada, USA and overseas was 96%, 3% and 1% respectively (Research
Resolutions & Consulting Ltd, 2013). Most of the visitors were same-day destination
visitors, meaning that they did not spend the night in Norfolk County. Visitors spent
about $59.8 million in Norfolk County during 2011, with many more dollars spent by
overnight tourists than by same-day visitors(Research Resolutions & Consulting Ltd,
2013). Regardless of where they came from, overnight and same-day visitors to Norfolk
County are travelling to visit friends and relatives, and less commonly, for
pleasure(Research Resolutions & Consulting Ltd, 2013).
The main attractions of Norfolk County are outdoor experience and activities
including beach, boating, camping, hiking, fishing and cycling(Research Resolutions &
Consulting Ltd, 2013). As a result, areas such as Port Dover, Turkey Point and Long
Point become high interest for tourist designations. Other tourist attractions such
asentertainment and cultural activities including visiting historical sites, museums and
attending performances or fairs/festivalscan be foundwidely spread in urban areas
throughout the County. (Norfolk Tourism, 2014a)
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Based on the discussion with Norfolk Tourism and Economic Development
division staff, Norfolk County tourism sector is developed and promoted by this division
with a total of five full-time staffs. They are responsible for all of the development and
promotion of economic sectors in Norfolk County.
To provide tourist information on tourism activities in Norfolk County, the Tourism
and Economic Development Division produce Tourist Travel Guide brochures. The
brochure provides a list of Museums, Wineries & Breweries, Farms, Restaurant, Golf
course, aquatic sports activities, shopping places, antiques, gardening and bakery shops
located spread throughout the County(Norfolk Tourism, 2014a).
Agriculture is one of Norfolk County’s strongest economic sector. Canada’s
number one producers of asparagus, cabbages, ginseng, peppers, zucchini, pumpkin,
strawberries, sweet corn and sweet potatoes are originally from Norfolk County. Norfolk
County is also Ontario’s number one producers of blueberries, rye and Saskatoon berries
(Norfolk Farms, 2014).Therefore, there is an excellent opportunity for Norfolk County to
merge tourism with the agriculture sector, where tourists can be connected to agriculture
experience. Both NCOP and LPSA encourage agritourism development through wineries,
breweries and farm tours, and ‘pick-your-own’ fruit and vegetable farms(Norfolk County,
2009a; Norfolk County, 2006).
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3.2.2 Tourism event based attractions
The objective of local tourism industry enhancement in rural communities is to
attract visitors to the community with the expectation that their spending will contribute
to the local economy (Thomason& Perdue, 1987).These attractions are achieved in
Norfolk County through festivals and events. Many events are take place in Norfolk
County such as dance, art shows, educational, winery, and food tasting (Norfolk County,
2014a).Some of Norfolk County’s well-known events are:
a) Norfolk County Fair & Horse Show: it is the fifth largest fair in Ontario with over
100,000 visitors each year. This fair features agricultural displays, craft exhibits,
food vendors, art demonstrators, talent competition and many others (Norfolk
County Fair, 2014).
b) Friday the 13th Motorcycle Rally: is a motorcycle rally held every Friday the 13th
in Port Dover, Ontario, Canada since 1981. In 2008, this event attracted 12,000
visitors (Muir, 2011).
c) Waterford Pumpkinfest: locals celebrate Pumpkinfestduring the middle of October
where a huge "pumpkin pyramid" of carved pumpkins is made. In addition, there
are rides, car show, crafts, live entertainment, fireworks, vendors, and
parade(Norfolk Tourism, 2014).
d) Simcoe Christmas Panorama: is the first light show in Ontario and has been held for
almost 50 years. This event transforms the downtown parks into a winter
wonderland through thousands of lights and themed displays (Simcoe Panorama,
2014).
! 22 !
These events attract tourists to Norfolk County and result in economic spin-off
through the purchase of food, fuel, accommodation and other businesses. Based on
Norfolk Tourism Brochure 2013-2014 (Norfolk County, 2014a) there is a total of 91
events held with diversified time and location. Figure 3 shows the number of events held
based on the weather season.
Events held based on seasons
1% 7%
Winter 27% Spring Summer
65% Fall
Figure 3 Events held based on seasons
! Figure 3shows that 65% of the events in Norfolk County are held in summer whilst
winter has 1% which is the lowest. With a low percentage of events in winter and low
visitor arrivals, business revenuefalls short at these times. It becomes challenging for
business owners to have a sustainable business when the demand is not availablefor the
whole year round.
! 23 !
Figure 4Events based on location
Figure 4 shows all the events held in 2013-2014. Port Rowan has the highest
amount of events held in Norfolk County. In contrast, Long Point has no events at all, the
reason might be that there is a Long Point Country Chamber of Commerce, but it is
headquartered in Port Rowan - with representatives that have businesses in Long Point.
Port Rowan, Waterford, and Port Dover event contributor comes mainly come from
Backus Heritage Conservation Area, Whistling Gardens, and Lighthouse Festival Theatre
respectively. Furthermore, it is clear that some other areas are still lacking in the number
of events held especially in Turkey Point.
3.2.3Accommodation
The number of accommodation units and types of accommodation within the study
area wereobtained from Norfolk County Website and Norfolk County Tourism Guide
Brochure 2013-2014. There are a total of 30 accommodation across the study area with
four types including; bed and breakfast (BNB), cottages, camping sites and hotel/motels.
! 24 !
There are many other cottagesowned by locals and others that are from outside of the
area i.e. US and Ontario, but are used for private purposes only. Figure 5 shows the
number of accommodations within each of the urban area and focal points.
Figure 5Numbers of accommodation unit and types of accommodation in Norfolk
County
! As shownin Figure5 Turkey Point and Port Dover have the most variety
accommodation including camping sites, hotels/motels and cottages, while Delhi has only
one type of accommodation. Furthermore, the rest of locations havetwo types of
accommodation, which is eitherBNB and camping sites; BNB and hotels/motels or;
camping sites and cottages.Out of all the locations camping sites are the most common
accommodation available within the county.
! 25 !
Based on the interviews, not all visitors suit camping accommodations; thus, more
roofed accommodation are needed. However, dealing with the business aspect, roofed
accommodation such as hotel or motels are hard to build in Norfolkbecausetourism
attractions are based on short events and arenot designated for all year round visitor.For
big events such as Norfolk County Fair, Friday the 13th(motorcycle rally) burst of tourist
the region cannot accommodate the visitors. Tourist alternatives are to become day-
trippers, use make onsite camping, or go to Branford, Woodstock, Tillsonburg or
Hamilton to get accommodation. According to theOntario’s Southwest Motorcycle
Tourism Report, 53% of motorcyclist enthusiast prefer hotel/motel accommodation for
overnight stay (Muir, 2011).
The Official Plan and LPSA clearly mentions the need to support further
development of roofed accommodation. However, with strict guidelines it becomes very
challenging to develop.For example, if a homeowner or farmer were to propose
accommodation for anything that could actually be classified as a viable business (6
rooms or more), they immediately need to pay for zoning bylaw amendment applications,
consultants studies, traffic studies, etc. In addition, iftheproposed development or site
alteration is located in a specific habitat study area, a monitoring survey of migration
species including bird has to be carried out during spring and fall, which results in the
increase of development cost.
! 26 !
3.2.4 Transportation
The transportation factor of the economy aspect such as roads, gas station, and
parking areas are available in most part of the County. Regarding with trails, the County
encourages trail development throughNCOP and LPSA. In 2009,Norfolk County with the
help of consultant firm developed Norfolk County Trails Master Plan (Norfolk County,
2009b). The plan was to integrate communities, parks, open space, on-road links and on-
waterway links by providing trails (Norfolk County, 2009b). Today Norfolk County has
three main trails that connectdifferent towns:
1) Delhi Rail Trail: connects the neighboring towns of Simcoe and Delhi, with a total
trail distance of 18 km.
2) Waterford Heritage Trail (W.H. Trail): connects the neighboring towns of
Waterford and Simcoe, with a total trail distance of 18.5 km, and
3) Lynn Valley Trail (L.V. Trail): connects the neighboring towns of Simcoe and Port
Dover, with a total trail distance of 11.4 km (distance verified with Google map
application).
In addition, there is a trail that connects Norfolk County with big city such as
Brantford through T.H.&B. Rail Trail. T.H&B. Rail Trail connects the town of Waterford
and Brantford City with a total trail distance of 12 km. Three of the four trails mentioned
(Delhi Rail Trail, W.H. Trail, T.H.&B. Rail Trail) is incorporated into Trans Canada Trail
(Trans Canada Trail, 2014). These trails are used mainly for hiking and cycling.
Public transportation on the other hand is still insufficient. The nearest city
accessible for public bus or train from big cities such as Hamilton, Toronto, and London
! 27 !
is Brantford. Brantford city is the best option for visitors coming from East, West and
Northwest of the County. There are towns around the County such as Tillsonburg and
Jarvis but no public transportation too. Since 2012, Norfolk County provides a shuttle bus
– “Ride Norfolk” to transport people to urban areas within the County, in whichRide
Norfolk Bus Service operates from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm, from Monday to Friday (Ride
Norfolk, 2014).There is no service on Saturday, Sunday, or Statutory Holiday (Ride
Norfolk, 2014). Out of all the urban areas Simcoe is the only area to have daily service
(Ride Norfolk, 2014). The mini-bus that will make the rounds has a room for 16
passengers and is handicapped-accessible with room for two wheelchairs (Ride Norfolk,
2014). With limited public transportation, it would be difficult for the visitors who do not
own a vehicle and wish to go to tourist attractions around Norfolk Countyas the towns are
separately apart by an average of 20-30 km.
Based on the interviews, parking is also a challenge in several areas of the County
especially Port Dover, Long Point and Turkey Point. Insummer, there are peak visitor
arrivals making it hard to find a parking space, which makes it inconvenient for visitors
who want to visit these areas.
3.2.5 Funding and Incentives
Norfolk County 2014 Capital Budget plan was reviewed to obtain information on
how much funding Norfolk County has invested in tourism development. Tourism
development mentioned here only consists of infrastructure (parks, museums, trails),
studies and operational cost. It does consider replacement, enhancement and new capital
! 28 !
initiatives such as; roads, water, wastewater and waste treatment infrastructure or
facilities. It was found that 8% of the Budget was allocated for tourism development
(Norfolk County, 2014e). This number looks reasonable, however, looking at tourism
related projects of the 2014 Economic Development Strategy Monitoring Report,4 out of
11 projects were not carried out due to the limited amount of resources(Hoskin, 2014).
The projects are:a) tourism strategy developments focusing on regional and local tourism
opportunities, b) update tourist accommodation study, c) deliver hospitality training
and,d) promotion of Norfolk County Tourism sector through tourism industry events
(Hoskin, 2014). Thus, tourism development still needs funding support to complete the
Economic Development Strategy objectives.
Furthermore, in regards to funding, the County funds several operational costsor
maintenance costs for tourism-related sector like parks, facilities, recreation, conservation
authorities, development and cultural service and waste management through taxes
(Norfolk County, 2014e).
To attract business investment in tourism sector Norfolk County provides several
incentive programs such as Development Charge Exemptions on farms and roofed
accommodation; façade improvement program to attract visitors from revitalization of
storefront and backs; and Environmental Assessment Grant to promote the undertaking of
Environmental Site Assessments (ESA) (Norfolk County, 2014f; Norfolk County,
2014g).
! 29 !
Tourism and conservation funds come from not only from the County but also from
the province. Table 2 shows recent funds received from the province.
Table 2Funds from Province of Ontario
Year Source Description Amount Federal Ontario’s Support the installation of more eco-passages that will allow Species at Risk turtles, snakes and frogs to pass safely under the Long Point 2013 $211,500 Stewardship Fund Causeway. (Long Point Causeway Improvement Project, 2013, (SARSF) July 19). The Long Point World Biosphere Reserve Foundation, together with Ontario’s three other UNESCO world biosphere reserves: Georgian Bay, Frontenac Arch and Niagara Escarpment, recently received an Ontario Trillium Foundation grant for $225,000 over $56,250 Ontario Trillium 2013 two years to collaborate on advancing sustainable tourism in each (over 2 Foundation biosphere reserve and their respective communities. Funds will be years) used to hire part-time coordinators in each region, deliver training workshops and to develop research, case studies and a strategic plan.(Long Point World Biosphere Reserve Foundation, 2013) The Ontario Project funding for three of Ontario’s biosphere reserves in which Ministry of 2014 includes Long Point Biosphere Reserve. Outcome of this fund is $12,000 Tourism, Culture the launch of Amazing Places project. (Norfolk County, 2014b) and Sport
3.3 Social
Focal points in Norfolk County located along the shoreline provide beautiful scenery.
Thus, itbecomes a high demand tourism attraction for visitors. As a result, pressure within the tourism occurs in areas such as Long point, Turkey point and Port Dover.One of the disapproval reactions of tourism arrivals, which are also an act of community-based action is shown in The
Cooperation of Norfolk County By-Law No. 2014-96 to Amend By-Law 2011-189, on Parking
Regulations within Norfolk County.Through this law additional length of prohibited parking zone in Long Point was put forth, thus, now visitors who want to visit Long Point have limited
! 30 !
area to park their vehicle. Based on the interview, the same issue occurs in Turkey Point at high
season, however,for this area there is still reasonable amount of parking facilities.
Interviews revealed that some local residents face pressure from visitor arrivals at high
season and big events such as; Friday the 13thlocated in Port Dover and Norfolk County Fair
located in Simcoe.To minimize this, communication and mitigation planning are often
constructed within the community prior to the event.
Furthermore, in regards to tourism business employment, most of the tourism operators
mainly hireresidents within the County. This is important as it is said that local employee
involvement can reduce preservation efforts to reduce environmental impact and community
programs to preserve cultural heritage (Lansing & Vries, 2007).
Direct community involvement is conducted through the act of supporting committee -
Tourism Advisory Board Committee. Tourism Advisory Board Committee includes several
owners of tourism attraction locations and businesses including (accommodation, restaurants and
other tourist attraction)
4. POLICY RECOMMENDATION
4.1 Environmental
4.1.1 Establishing Beach Management Authority
Beaches in Norfolk County continue to attract visitors and bring about natural and
resource pressure through waste generation and water consumption.Furthermore,
! 31 !
cleanliness and water quality is ranked as highly important for beach users (Marinet
al.,2009;McKenna et al.,2011; Budeanu, 2007).It is recommended that Norfolk County
especially Port Dover, develops a beach management authority.This beach management
authority wouldfocus on planning, education, management and monitoring beach related
activities. Activities recommended to be carried out by the beach management authority
are:
a. planning and supporting infrastructure development including parking, waste
facilities, washroom, showers, kiosks and lifesaving support;
b. providing educational and quality information to engage and modify tourist
behavior toward conservation actions;
c. collaborating with local businesstowards innovative sustainable products (e.g.
using reusable fabric napkin in restaurants, low flow showerheads, reusable
shopping bags);
d. conducting water quality testing and monitoring through collaboration with
Norfolk County health unit;
e. Providing beach safety resources including lifeguards, equipment and signage.
It is recommended that the beach management authority consist of a team of local
residents located around the beach and practitioners in health, economic development
planning and natural resource conservation.
! 32 !
4.1.2 Implementing energy conservationin tourism infrastructure
Whilst the water, wastewater and waste management are available throughout the
County, there is a need to move towards energy conservation to preserve natural resource
and pollution prevention.Energy conservation could be directed to tourism infrastructures
such as Museums, Washrooms, Parking Areas, Trails, Norfolk County Fair Grounds,
tourist businesses, restaurants and accommodations. Energy conservation can be carried
out using these steps:
a. identifying significant source of energy consumption, water use and significant
source of pollution and waste;
b. setting priorities in possible energy savings options and alternatives with timeline
sequence implementation;
c. conducting measurement through monitoring utilities and reports;
d. Conducting continuous evaluation and improvement towards energy efficiency,
water consumption and waste management.
For water management, which includes storm water management it is
recommended to use low impact development methods such as sub-surface collection
facilities under parking lots, bioretention cells, and infiltration trenches. To engage the
support of this policy recommendation from the tourism industry, eco-label or awards
from Norfolk County Tourism and Economic Development could be given to those who
achieved improvements as it to promote the tourism business itself. The goal of energy
conservation recommendation can follow Norfolk County Energy Conservation and
Demand Management Plan to reduce energy utility consumption and carbon emission.
! 33 !
4.2 Economic
4.2.1 Providing Day Tour Shuttle Bus Trips
With various locations of tourism attractions spread around Norfolk County it is
recommended that Norfolk County provide a shuttle bus trip to introduce and promote
each of the towns' main tourism attractions such as museums, wineries, farms, theaters
and aquatic features (beach/marinas). This recommendation would push tourist
expenditures in across the towns within Norfolk County. Shuttle bus trip should be
carried out all year long to promote Norfolk County as a yearlong tourism destination.
4.2.2 Promoting and OfferingBicycle Rentals
As the network of trails keeps on increasing by numbers and improving by quality,
adequate transportation for specific targets such as non-vehicle drivers/owners, outgoing
residents or tourist visitors offered through bicycle rentals should be considered. This will
allow tourists to explore Norfolk County with reasonable price andthey do not need to
depend on automotive vehicles. Bicycle rentals could include electric bicycles so that
inexperienced or physically challenged cyclist can reach their destination safely and in a
timely manner fashion way. The County should also provide bicycle racks in tourism
offices for bicycle parking purposes.
! 34 !
4.2.3 Increasing the number of staff in Norfolk County Tourism and Economic
Division appointed to focus on marketing and fund raising
From the current condition of Norfolk County tourism sector the challenges in
economic development are:
a) lack of roof type accommodation due stringent by-laws and a small number of
visitors in low seasons;
b) limited numberof resourcesin project execution and innovation development due to
funding limitations;
c) Limited tourism activities and attractions in low seasons.
It is recommended that Norfolk County add one staff to Norfolk County Tourism
and Economic Development Division with an objective to promote and seek funding for
Norfolk County tourism sector. Promotion, fund raising and or marketing activities
should be directed towards government (Federal and Provincial), thetourism industry
(tours and travel operators and accommodation companies), NGO (both national and
international) and public communities. Moreover, thefunding staff is needed to help
search for funds as they grow local business and conservation practices.
4.3 Social
4.3.1 Providingcontinuousinformation that is accessible throughout Norfolk County
Community
The tourism sector provides benefits to some resident fromdirect impact through
economic development; however, some others view tourism as a threat to their well-
! 35 !
being. Thus, more actions are needed to engage the stakeholder in joint partnership with
the County in developing the tourism sector that address the pros and cons. Several key
factors influence stakeholder involvement in sustainable tourism. These are information
quality and accessibility, leadership quality, stakeholder involvement
capacity,stakeholder mindsets, stakeholder relationships and implementation priorities.
(Waligoet al., 2013) In this case, it is recommended that Norfolk County provide
continuous information that is accessible regarding with current and future tourism
development plans. This can be carried out directly to the stakeholders through mail,
email, public consultation, social media and newsletters. In addition, this program’s
objective is to strengthen stakeholder relationship while building collaborative vision
towards economic development trough tourism sector in Norfolk County.
5. CONCLUSION
Norfolk County shows huge potential in the tourism sector with its beautiful beaches,
woodlands, agriculture, services, events and heritage. Based on sustainable tourism criteria,
Norfolk County addresses most of the criteria factors due to the fact that these factors are
covered within their policy plan (NCOP and LPSA). NCOP and LPSA policy plan has proven to
guide Norfolk County towards sustainable development including the tourism sector. However,
the policy plansneed to be supported by adequate resource, both finance and human.
It is clear that conservation practices are carried out through collaboration with
stakeholders, environmental impact assessment, land use planning and interpretation.However,
there isstill room for improvement within the environmental aspect. First, more interprative
! 36 ! information for visitors on tourism attraction sites is needed as pressure to the environment that comes from irresponsible tourist behavior. Second, conservation enhancement should be carried out through to energy and water consumption reduction and waste generation reduction.
While the environmental aspect of sustainability is covered well in NCOP and LPSA, economic aspects face challenges coming from these environmental policies as it leads to additional cost for development especially in the case of accommodation. In addition, insufficient funding and lack of public transportation is clearly aneconomic barrier in tourism development for a rural area such as Norfolk County. Provincial government should take part in addressing these issues.
The final aspect of sustainability to mention here is the social one. As Norfolk County develops tourism sector, some residents benefit while others dislike the idea. Therefore, continuous collaborative communication and provision of information are needed to achieve collective education and engagement in the community.
! 37 !
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APPENDIX A –Species at risk in Haldimand-Norfolk Regions
! Species Species Name Status Species Species Name Status American Chestnut Acadian Flycatcher Plants (Castaneadentata) E Birds (Empidonaxvirescens) E American Columbo (Fraseracaroliniensis) E Bald Eagle (Haliaeetusleucocephalus) S American Water-willow (Justiciaamericana) T Barn Owl (Tyto alba) E Bent spike-rush (Eleocharisgeniculata) E Barn Swallow (Hirundorustica) T Bird's-foot Violet (Viola pedata) E Black Tern (Chlidoniasniger) S Broad Beech Fern (Phegopterishexagonoptera) S Bobolink (Dolichonyxoryzivorus) T Colicroot (Aletrisfarinosa) E Cerulean Warbler (Dendroicacerulea) T Common Hoptree Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella (Pteleatrifoliata) E magna) T Crooked-stem Aster (Symphyotrichumprenanthoi Eastern Whip-poor-will des) E (Caprimulgusvociferus) T Cucumber Tree (Magnolia Henslow’s Sparrow acuminata) T (Ammodramushenslowii) E Eastern Flowering Dogwood (Cornusflorida) E King Rail (Ralluselegans) E Green Dragon (Arisaemadracontium) S Least Bittern (Ixobrychusexilis) T Horsetail Spike-rush Louisiana Waterthrush (Eleocharisequisetoides) E (Seiurusmotacilla) S Juniper Sedge (Carexjuniperorum) E Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) S Large Whorled Pogonia (Isotriaverticillata) E Piping Plover (Charadriusmelodus) E Pygmy Pocket Moss Prothonotary Warbler (Fissidensexilis) S (Protonotariacitrea) E Round-leaved Greenbrier Red-headed Woodpecker (Smilax rotundifolia) T (Melanerpeserythrocephalus) S Small White Lady's-slipper (Cypripedium candidum) E Short-eared Owl (Asioflammeus) S Spotted Wintergreen (Chimaphilamaculata) E Yellow-breasted Chat (Icteriavirens) E Swamp Rose-mallow (Hibiscus moscheutos) S Virginia Goat's-rue (Tephrosiavirginiana) E Virginia Mallow (Sidahermaphrodita) E
Species Species Name Status Species Species Name Status
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Eastern Ribbonsnake Snakes (Thamnophissauritus) S Fish Channel Darter (Percinacopelandi) T Gray Ratsnake Eastern Sand Darter (Pantherophisspiloides) E (Ammocryptapellucida) E Milksnake (Lampropeltistriangulum) S Lake Chubsucker (Erimyzonsucetta) T Queensnake (Regina septemvittata) E Lake Sturgeon (Acipenserfulvescens) S Northern Brook Lamprey (Ichthyomyzonfossor) S Blanding's Turtle Turtles (Emydoideablandingii) T Pugnose Shiner (Notropisanogenus) E Eastern Musk Turtle (Stinkpot) River Redhorse (Sternotherusodoratus) T (Moxostomacarinatum) S Northern Map Turtle (Graptemysgeographica) S Silver Chub (Macrhybopsisstoreriana) T Snapping Turtle (Chelydraserpentina) S Silver Shiner (Notropisphotogenis) T Spiny Softshell (Apalonespinifera) T Spotted Gar (Lepisosteusoculatus) T
Amphib Fowler's Toad ians (Anaxyrusfowleri) E Insect Laura’s Clubtail (Styluruslaurae) E Jefferson Salamander Rusty-patched Bumble Bee (Ambystomajeffersonianum) E (Bombusaffinis) E ! Description
Status Total Number Endangered (E) 35 Threaten (T) 17 Special Concern (S) 18
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APPENDIX B – List of Amazing Places in Long Point Biosphere Reserve
Long Point Biosphere Reserve Amazing Places Backus Heritage Conservation Area Whistling Gardens Deer Creek Conservation Area Long Point Eco Adventures Bonnieheath Estate Lavender & Winery Sand Hill Park Black Bridge - Waterford Heritage Trail Long Point Bird Observatory Long Point Provincial Park Beach Lynn Valley Trail ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
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! APPENDIX C – List of attractions and locations
! Tourist Attractions& Service Name Location Museums & Historical Sites Delhi Tobacco Museum & Heritage Centre Delhi Norfolk Alligator Tug Simcoe Norfolk Art Centre Simcoe Norfolk War Memorial Carillon Tower Simcoe Port Dover Harbour Museum Port Dover Teeterville Pioneer Museum Teeterville Waterford Heritage and Agricultural Museum Waterford Norfolk County Heritage & Culture Simcoe Backus Heritage Conservation Area Port Rowan Canada's First Forestry Station St. Williams Eva Brook Donly Museum and Archives Simcoe
Live Theatre & Arts Centre Artist Workshop Simcoe Backstage Capitol Theatre Delhi La Salette Historic Church La Salette Lighthouse Festival Theatre Port Dover Simcoe Little Theatre Simcoe Waterford Old Town Hall Waterford
Farms Apple Hill Lavender Windham Centre Great Mountain Ginseng Scotland Jensen Cheese Ltd Simcoe Matz Fruit Barn Port Dover Ontario Popping Corn Co Walsingham Pleasant Port Fish Company Port Dover Powell's Patch Blueberries Simcoe Pristine Gourmet c/o Persall Fine Foods Co. Waterford Purple Daze Lavender St. Williams Simcoe Farmers Market Simcoe The Cider Keg Vittoria
Wineries & Breweries Blueberry Hill Estates St. Williams Bonnieheath Estate Lavender & Winery Waterford Burning Kiln Winnery St. Williams Golden Leaf Estate Winery Langton Ramblin' Road Brewerry Farm La Salette Villa Nova Estate Winery Simcoe
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Tourist Attractions& Service Name Location
Where to Eat / Restaurant Andy's Drive-In Langton Bella's Bakery & Boutique Port Rowan Blue Elephant Craft Brew House Simcoe Circus Room Diner Turkey Point Davids Restaurant Port Dover Erie Beach Hotel Port Dover Fisherman's Catch Bar & Restaurant Port Dover Pastry Shop& Café Simcoe Kerry's St. James St. Eatery Waterford McDonald's Family Restaurant Simcoe McDonald's Family Restaurant Caledonia Schofields Bistro Port Dover Serafina Simcoe Swiss Chalet/Harvey's Restaurant Simcoe The Barrel Restaurant Simcoe The Beach House Restaurant Port Dover The Belworth House Waterford The Combine Simcoe The Turkey Point Hotel Turkey Point Three West Trend Bistro Simcoe Twins Ice Cream Parlour Port Rowan Urban Parisian Port Dover Willie's Port Dover JP's Barbeque and Catering Norfolk County
Family Fun Black Creek Stables Port Dover Carousel Stables St. Williams Chances Bingo Simcoe Country Lane Kennel St. Williams Evergreen Hill Farm Port Dover Long Point Zip Line and Eco-Adventures St. Williams Scenic Aerial Tours Tillsonburg Flying School Tillsonburg Strand Theatre Simcoe Wagon Wheel Produce & Corn Maze Simcoe White Horse Family Entertainment Centre - Bowling and Mini Golf Simcoe
Motorized Recreation GoPHER DUNES INC Courtland Adventure RV Centre Waterford
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Tourist Attractions& Service Name Location
Golf Mike Mahrt Golf Academy & Driving Range St. Williams Norfolk Golf & Country Club Simcoe Otter Creek Golf Club Otterville Springview Farm Golf Course Waterford
On The Water BAER Kayak Fishing Turkey Point Grand Experiences Canoe & Kayak Outfitter Long Point/Big Creek Normada Charters Inc Port Dover South Coast Charters Port Burwell Turkey Point Watersports Turkey Point Waveline Rentals Inc Turkey Point Zodiac Boat Tours Turkey Point BayviewHarbour Marina Port Rowan Booth's Harbour Developments Ltd St. Williams MacDonald Turkey Point Marina Turkey Point Norfolk County Port Dover Harbour Marina Port Dover Proctor Marine Ltd Simcoe Proctor Rowan Harbour Marina Port Rowan
Fishing Deer Creek Conservation Area Langton Little Lake Conservation Area Teeterville Lehman's Reservoir Delhi Teeterville Conservation Area Teeterville Turkey Point Turkey Point Inner Bay (Long Point) Long Point Young Creek - mouth - Normandale Normandale Port Dover Pier Port Dover Young Creek at Vittoria Vittoria Fisher Glen Conservation Area Fisher Glen Lynn River Simcoe to Black Creek Simcoe Backus Heritage Conservation Area Port Rowan Waterford North Conservation Area Waterford Trout Pound -
Antiques Caresa Antiques Books and Cherishables Windham Deer Creek Antiques & Creations Langton Waterford Antique Market Waterford
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Tourist Attractions& Service Name Location
Health and Relaxation Dolmor Salon Simcoe Elements Day Spa Port Dover Embrace Salon and Spa Waterford
Shopping 13 Reasons Port Dover Bella's Bakery & Boutique Port Rowan Canadian Ginseng &Giftworks Simcoe Clare's Harley-Davidson Port Dover Cottage North Soapworks Port Dover Country Home Candle Co. Inc. Delhi Fruit From Wood and Sand Simcoe Gaddzilla Teas Waterford McFarlandsOldeTyme Sweet Shoppe Simcoe My Top Drawer Simcoe The Circle Game Port Dover The Dover Cheese Shop Port Dover Carter's Men's & Ladies Wear Simcoe Cashmere & Cobwebs Port Rowan Simcoe Town Centre - Shopping Simcoe
Bakeries British Baked Goods Simcoe The Good Bread Company Vittoria
Gardening Eising Greenhouses & Garden Centre Simcoe King's Flower and Garden Centre Simcoe Whistling Gardens Wilsonville ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
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APPENDIX D – List of Events in Norfolk County
! Urban Area/Focal Month Event Location Point Port Dover Harbour May The Burning of Dover Mills Museum Port Dover Lighthouse Festival The Foursome Theatre Port Dover Whistling Gardens Premiere Canadian Peony Collection Wilsonville Waterford Holy Trinity Catholic High Master Shintani Memorial Karate Tournament 2014 School Simcoe The Love Couple's Workshop - A Total Experience Long Point Eco from Dawn to Dusk Adventures, St. Williams Turkey Point Elliott Brood Waterford Old Town Hall Waterford
Delhi Tobacco Museum & June Pressure Canning Workshop Heritage Centre Delhi Norfolk County Library, Celebrating Family Farming - Focus : Asparagus Delhi Branch Delhi Hay Creek Conservation HNAG Introduction to Geocaching Area Simcoe Garden Photography Workshops Whistling Gardens Waterford Delhi Tobacco Museum & Discover Delhi : An Historical Walking Tour Heritage Centre Delhi Art Appreciation Series Waterford Old Town Hall Waterford Port Dover Downtown, Friday the 13th Port Dover Main and Park Port Dover Blood, Sweat & Cheers Port Dover Area Port Dover Laugh & Learn Whistling Gardens Waterford Backus Heritage Children's Fishing Derby Conservation Area Port Rowan La Salette Community Fish Fry! Hall Delhi Art Workshop Whistling Gardens Waterford La Salette Historic Church 100 th Anniversary - Delhi Backus Heritage Children's Heritage Day Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Firefly Walk Conservation Area Port Rowan
Backus Heritage July Animal Mask Making Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Old Mill Days Conservation Area Port Rowan Floral Design Workshop Whistling Gardens Waterford Norfolk County Library, Celebrating Family Farming - Focus : Barbecued Meats Simcoe Branch Simcoe Ontario Family Fishing Week - Catch Fishing! Norfolk County Norfolk County Bonnieheath Estate Lavender & Winery LavenderFest Waterford
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Lighthouse Festival Who's Under Where? : Play Theatre Port Dover Backus Heritage Beginner Birding Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Pioneer Life Day Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Butterfly and Dragonfly Festival Conservation Area Port Rowan Eclectislav Waterford Old Town Hall Waterford Motivational Art Workshop Whistling Gardens Waterford Lighthouse Festival Test Drive Theatre Port Dover Norfolk County Library, Celebrating Family Farming - Focus : Berries Port Dover Branch Port Dover Backus Heritage Nature Spa Conservation Area Port Rowan Le Tour de Norfolk Delhi Community Centre Delhi Lakeside Vista, Port Norfolk 'n' Blues Music Festival Ryerse Port Dover Annaleise Carr's Radical Crossing 2.0 Port Dover Beach Port Dover Whistling Gardens, 2nd Annual Garden Party Wilsonville Waterford Backus Heritage Say Potato…, Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Owl Prowl Conservation Area Port Rowan Lighthouse Festival Trying : Play Theatre Port Dover
Backus Heritage August Heritage Hoedown Barn Dance Conservation Area Port Rowan Simcoe Rotary Friendship Festival Wellington Park Simcoe Backus Heritage Rocking Reptiles Conservation Area Port Rowan Norfolk County Velo Quebec Grand Tour Fairgrounds Simcoe Turkey Point Summerfest - Turkey Point Backus Heritage Exploring the Night Sky Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Insect Safari Conservation Area Port Rowan Art in the Gardens Whistling Gardens Waterford Backus Heritage Building Habitats Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Annual Murder Mystery Conservation Area Port Rowan Port Dover Summerfest Powell Park Port Dover Motivational Art Workshop Whistling Gardens Waterford Backus Heritage Family Picnic Conservation Area Port Rowan Lighthouse Festival Snow White Theatre Port Dover
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Backus Heritage Creatures of the Night Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Bluegrass Jam Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Animal Tracking Conservation Area Port Rowan Lighthouse Festival The Gentleman's Clothier - World Premier Theatre Port Dover Bayfest - Labour Day Weekend Fireworks Long Point Contry Port Rowan Backus Heritage On the Fly Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Birds of Prey Conservation Area Port Rowan Norfolk County Library, Celebrating Family Farming - Focus : Shiitake Port Rowan Community Mushrooms & Organics Hall Port Rowan
Backus Heritage September War of 1812 Re-enactment Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Memorial Forest Dedication Service Conservation Area Port Rowan Lighthouse Festival Memories of Rock and Roll Theatre Port Dover Backus Heritage Mountain Men 1838 Rendezvouz Conservation Area Port Rowan Long Point Waterfowl Research and Education Long Point Waterfowl's Duck Day Centre Turkey Point Delhi Tobacco Museum & Heritage Centre's 35th Delhi Tobacco Museum & Anniversary Celebration Heritage Centre Delhi Norfolk Studio Tour : 14th Annual Norfolk Studio Tour Various Locations Norfolk County 157th Annual Donnybrook Fair Walsh Turkey Point
Backus Heritage October Fall Hike Conservation Area Port Rowan Norfolk County Norfolk County Fair & Horse Show Fairgrounds Simcoe Norfolk County FlavourFest at Norfolk County Fair & Horse Show Fairgrounds Simcoe Poor Angus Backstage Capitol Theatre Port Dover Celebrating Family Farming - Focus : Root Vegetables Norfolk County Library, & Pumpkins Waterford Branch Waterford Waterford Lion Lioness Pumpkinfest - Waterford Backus Heritage Spook-tacular Hike Conservation Area Port Rowan From Memphis to Folsom with Johnny Cash Backstage Capitol Theatre Port Dover
November Festival By The Bay - Fall Edition - Port Rowan Delhi Tobacco Museum & Delhi BIA Annual Tree Lighting Heritage Centre Delhi International World Fare Series : Cultural Seasonings Delhi Tobacco Museum & Tour - A Shopping & Tasting Experience Heritage Centre Delhi Celebrating Family Farming - Focus : Cheese, Dairy, Norfolk County Library, Grains & Hops Simcoe Branch Simcoe
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Shades of Roy Backstage Capitol Theatre Port Dover Chambers County Christmas Open House Chambers Pancake House Waterford Delhi Tobacco Museum & Traditional Christmas Dinner Heritage Centre Delhi Backus Heritage Owl Prowl Conservation Area Port Rowan Simcoe Christmas Panorama Wellington Park Simcoe
Norfolk County December Annual Dickens Christmas Craft Show Fairgrounds Simcoe ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
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APPENDIX E–List of accommodation around the case study area
Type of Accommodation Name Location Bay Ridge Bed & Breakfast Port Rowan Cedar Cottage Bed & Breakfast Waterford, Culverdene House Simcoe, Bed and Breakfast Lynedoch Lyceum Retreat Delhi, Palm Trees & Polar Bears Bed & Breakfast Port Rowan Rowan Nights Port Rowan St. John’s Bed & Breakfast Simcoe
Hidden Valley Park Turkey Point Long Point Provincial Park Long Point Shore Acres Park Port Dover Turkey Point Provincial Park Turkey Point Camping Sites Long Point Region Conservation Authority Camping Sites Waterford North Conservation Area Waterford Norfolk Conservation Area Port Dover Deer Creek Conservation Area Port Rowan Backus Heritage Conservation Area Port Rowan
5 Beach Avenue Cottages Long Point Bauer's Beach Houses Turkey Point Bayside Vacation Resort Long Point Cottages Beach View Cottages Turkey Point Long Point Waterfowl Research & Education Centre Turkey Point Old Cut Blvd. Cottage Long Point Wilson Family Cottages & Heritage Inns Port Dover
Brant Hill Inn Port Dover Comfort Inn Simcoe Erie Beach Hotel Port Dover Normandale Century Inn & Restaurant Turkey Point Hotels & Motels Travelodge Simcoe The Turkey Point Hotel Turkey Point Quennsway motel Simcoe Eco Adventure Turkey Point
Camping sites in Norfolk County but not included in the list due to location far from urban area and focal points; a) Sand Hill Park – Port Burwell b) Suthyck Estate – Clear Creek
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APPENDIX F – Map of trails around Norfolk County
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Source:!http://tctrail.ca/explore-the-trail/! ! Description:
Delhi Rail Trail Lynn Valley Trail Waterford Heritage Trail T.H&B. Rail Trail ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
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APPENDIX G – Economic Development Strategy Monitoring Report – Tourism Related
Projects
Status Section # Ongoing Action Comments Tourism / agri-tourism product development: Spend greater effort on product development, support for new ventures, Sustainable tourism infrastructure (i.e. waterfront development, eco- Tourism tourism, roofed accommodations, public washrooms, project / challenged 5.1.1/5.1.4 parking) LPWBR Not underway 5.1.2 Support Tourism EcDev Advisory Board resourced Tourism strategy: Develop and implement long-range, comprehensive Tourism Strategy focusing on regional and local tourism opportunities. Focus on industry drivers and emerging opportunities, target markets, networks, partnership Not not proceeding 5.1.3 development, product development, branding, marketing. resourced Not not proceeding 5.1.5 Update tourist accommodation study resourced Continuing 5.1.6 Grow online tourism presence as resource underway permit Continuing 5.1.7 Continue social media presence as resource underway permit Deliver hospitality training: Develop and deliver hospitality and customer service training to existing or emerging local Not not proceeding 5.1.8 tourism businesses and tourism destinations. resourced completed, February 1, complete 5.1.9 Expanded online events calendar 2012 Target and attend five additional tourism industry events: Not not proceeding 5.1.10 to promote opportunities as a tourism destination. resourced Continuing as resource underway 5.1.11 Continue regional tourism work permit
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APPENDIX H – Incentive related to tourism development in Norfolk County
Name of Program Description Incentive
Development Charge Exemptions of development charge on farming business development Savings of $180,000 Exemptions -Farm (related to research or development, grading, processing, manufacturing and to the developer on a help house production, produce storage or distribution, sampling and sales, including 16,000 m2 building in development farm markets, wineries and farm gate sales) a rural area.
Development Charge Exemptions of development charge on roofed accommodation (hotels, Savings of $125,000 Exemptions -Roofed motels, lodges, bed and breakfast establishments, time-share cottages and to the developer on a accommodations condominiums targeting and promoting overnight tourist rentals) 2,200 m2 building. development
Designed to assist property owners in revitalizing storefronts and backs Maximum loan: Façade Improvement within the downtown areas. The intent of this program is to encourage $10,000, interest free Programs individual property owners to renovate/upgrade those portions of their and carry a term for 5 businesses that are readily visible to the public from the street. years
The purpose of this Environmental Assessment Grant (EAG) program is to promote the undertaking of Environmental Site Assessments (ESA) so that more and better information is available with respect to the type of contamination and potential remediation costs on brownfield properties. As Environmental Maximum Grant Phase I ESA’s have become standard requirements for most financial Assessment Grant amount $15,000 institutions. Phase I ESA’s do not provide detailed information with respect to the type of contamination, which is necessary for determining the cost of remediation. Phase I ESA’s are not eligible for funding under this program. This program is designed for Phase II and III ESA’s.
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! ! APPENDIX I –The Corporation of Norfolk County By-Law No. 2014-96
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! ! APPENDIX J –Cost benefit analysis day tour bus trip
Income Number of Ticket Number of Trips per Revenue working price ($) passengers days ($) days 25 14 1 354 123,900.00
Expense Driver Price of Distance (km) 200 Rate 20 $64,183 Car ($) ($/hour) Price of Total Price of Gas ($/L) 1.25 8 Insurance $12,000 Hour/day ($/year) Total Fuel 0.3 working 354 Consumption(km/L) days Total Total Fuel Cost Total Car 75 Driver 56,640.00 $76,183 ($/day) Cost ($) Cost ($)
Total Fuel Cost 26,550.00 ($/year)
Total Day Tour Expense ($) 159,373.00 Total Revenue ($) 123,900.00 Payback Period (years) 1.3
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