DARTMOOR BIRD REPORT 2019 Peter Reay & Fiona Freshney

Home , Peter Tavy, Poundsgate, Sigford, South Zeal

Fingle Woods. Woodland owned and managed by a National Trust/Woodland Trust partnership, and the location of ongoing breeding and winter woodland bird surveys. Fiona Freshney

[email protected] [email protected]

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION p.2 NOTABLE RECORDS p.3 WEATHER p.3 REFERENCES p.4 PHOTOGRAPHS p.5 INDEX TO SPECIES ACCOUNTS p.7 SPECIES ACCOUNTS p.8 APPENDICES 1. Waterbirds p.26 2. Woodland birds survey data p.27 3. South Brent survey data p.28 4. Nest records. p.29 5. Ringing recoveries. p.30 6. Bird surveys and projects. p.30 7. List of contributors. p.33

INTRODUCTION This report, and those for 2015, 2017 and 2018 (Reay & Freshney 2018, 2019 and at https://www.devonbirds.org/files/birdwatching/articles/dartmoor_bird_reports), replace the Dartmoor Bird Report, published from 1996 to 2014 by the Dartmoor Study Group. They relate to the same geographical area covered both by the early reports and The Birds of Dartmoor (Smaldon 2005). This comprises the area within the Dartmoor National Park Authority (DNPA) boundary, with the addition of the china clay districts around Lee Moor, Shaugh Moor and Crownhill Down, left out of the National Park designation for political and business reasons.

The bulk of the 2019 report comprises species accounts, and supporting appendices summarizing data on water birds, woodland surveys and a parish survey. It also includes an updated summary of current Dartmoor bird projects and surveys (Appendix 4), following on from the more detailed review in Freshney & Reay 2020. In this context it should be mentioned that the Dartmoor bird list has also now been updated to the end of 2019 (Reay & Smaldon 2020).

The report aims to provide a summary of birds recorded on Dartmoor in 2019, mostly using records submitted to Devon Birds and assigned to the Dartmoor parent site. It is hoped that the production of the report will encourage more active submission of records and so help create a more complete picture of Dartmoor’s birds in 2020 and beyond. Ideally records should be submitted to Devon Birds (see https://www.devonbirds.org/birdwatching/recording/introduction for guidance on submitting records) but we are also happy to receive any records and information on Dartmoor birds by email, as well as suggestions on how these reports could be improved and more accurately reflect the birdlife of Dartmoor each year.

Thanks are due to all those who submitted Dartmoor records to Devon Birds in 2019, and to Kevin Rylands (County Recorder) and Karen Sims (Data Manager) for extracting them for use in this report, and to Kevin for checking through the report. A list of those who submitted records, which can also be used to decipher the observer initial codes used against some records, appears in Appendix 7. We also acknowledge the contributions made by observers who submitted their records solely via BTO’s BirdTrack and those who participated in the various surveys listed in Appendix 6, which have also provided valuable additional records. All are thanked, as are the organisers of these surveys, including the BTO, for providing us with records and survey reports. Finally, we are grateful to those who have enhanced the report by commenting on earlier drafts, and by providing additional records, information, artwork and photographs.

Particular use has been made of data from the following multi-species surveys:

• Wetland Bird Survey (WeBS). Monthly WeBS counts of waterbirds at the main reservoirs, clay pits and two private lakes, together with casual records, have been used to produce monthly maxima for these sites, usually in the form of tables in the species accounts, but see also Appendix 1. The sites comprise: Avon Dam, Burrator, Fernworthy, Hennock, Meldon and Venford reservoirs; Portworthy Mica Dam, ECC Pit Complex and Lower and Upper Shaugh Lakes (the clay pits); Horsham Pond, Manaton; and South Brent Lakes. • Dunsford Woods Breeding Bird Survey (Dunsford). Teign Valley, an important long-running survey started in 1980, and surveyed each year since then by DJP. Numbers of pairs/territories are given for 2019 in Appendix 2, with occasional comments in the species accounts on changes from previous years, as submitted to Devon Birds and included in Price (2020). • Fingle Woods Breeding Bird Survey (Fingle). Teign Valley, first surveyed in 2018 by the current surveyor, TW. The numbers of pairs/territories for 2019 are taken from Williams (2019a) and presented in Appendix 2, with occasional comments in the species accounts. • Fingle Woods Winter Bird Survey (Fingle). Teign Valley, first surveyed in the 2018/19 winter by TW. The number of records (= one or more birds seen at one place on one visit) during the four 2019/20 winter visits are taken from Williams (2020) and presented in Appendix 2, with occasional comments in the species accounts. • Ausewell Woods Breeding Bird Survey (Ausewell). Dart Valley, first surveyed in 2019 by TW. The numbers of pairs/territories for 2019 are taken from Williams (2019b) and presented in Appendix 2.

• South Brent Bird Surveys. South Brent parish area, mixed habitats, first surveyed in 2014. The number of monads (1-km) squares in which the main species were recorded during the Jan and/or May surveys of the South Brent Parish Bird Survey are given in Appendix 3. A Garden Bird Survey was also carried out in both 2018/19 and 2019/20 winters and the results from the most recent winter presented in Appendix 3. Results from all surveys can be viewed at and downloaded as Reports from https://brentbirders.wixsite.com/brent-bird-survey and the final article on the survey provides additional information (Brent Birders 2020). • Nest Record Scheme. The main observers submitting nest record data for a range of species were RJH and SMT. Data came from 12 Dartmoor sites, particularly Clearbrook, Goodameavy and Shaugh Prior, and covered 26 species. These are summarized in Appendix 4. • Ringing Scheme. Some ringing recoveries involving Dartmoor sites are given In Appendix 5.

NOTABLE RECORDS • Iberian Chiffchaff – second record for Dartmoor • Common Rosefinch – third record for Dartmoor • Species not recorded in 2018: Cirl Bunting, Marsh Harrier, Osprey, Oystercatcher, Sedge Warbler, Snow Bunting, Whimbrel and Wood Sandpiper • Species recorded in 2018, but not 2019: Goldeneye, Hawfinch, Lesser Whitethroat, Little Owl, Pochard and Water Rail • Record high numbers of Pied Flycatchers and record low numbers of Wood Warbler • Record high numbers of breeding Blackbird and Blackcap, and the first absence of Wood Warblers in 40 years of the Dunsford Wood breeding bird survey • Red-backed Shrike records from three sites, but no indication of breeding • Confirmed breeding records for Dunlin obtained for the first time from trail camera images • Ten-year low in the peak synchronized count of roosting Goosanders • Conclusion of the breeding Snipe survey shows a Dartmoor population that has been relatively stable over the last decade and remains the largest in south-west England, and by far the most abundant of the five species of wader currently breeding on Dartmoor

WEATHER The following summary of weather in Devon in 2019 is based on the Devon Bird Report Review of the Year by Mike Lock and Kevin Rylands, mainly derived from www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/summaries. Additional reference has been made to the made to the Met Office overview for 2019 and, to provide Dartmoor context, to the Dartmoor Magazine online review and to Mike Sampson’s weather observations in his report on breeding dunlin (Sampson 2019).

The Met Office overview states that 2019 was a year of extremes, with record-breaking heat and rain and notable spells of cold and windy weather. The year began cold and frosty, changing to mild and drizzly before heavy rain and strong winds moved in towards the end of January with a gust of 82 mph recorded at Berry Head. Cold weather returned on 30 January with widespread snow causing disruption. Although still cold at the start of February, with large cold-weather movements of birds, particularly thrushes, the snow melted quickly and what followed was the warmest February since records began. According to the Dartmoor Magazine, it was ‘T- shirt weather’ on Dartmoor. In March, Storms Freya and Gareth brought strong winds and rain but, towards the end of the month, an anticyclone brought more dry, warm settled weather. Although in the south-west the temperatures and rainfall were close to normal, the Met Office Review states that across the UK “it was notably warm for the time of year and over the Easter weekend many weather stations across the UK broke their local April temperature records”. However, trail-cam footage of the blanket bog on Dartmoor shows snow lying on 4 April (MHLS).

According to Mike Sampson the breeding season in 2019 was very different from the very dry conditions in 2018, but with much variation over time. From April into May the moor started to dry out but the blanket bog was still wetter than in 2018. June was very wet with so much rain and such depth of water in the bog pools that

Dunlin stopped using some of the deep ones after 8 June. Water levels gradually subsided in late June/early July accompanied by a significant increase in temperature and strong winds which began to desiccate the moorland habitats and many bog pools dried-up, before 50 mm of rain on 20 July filled them up again! Rainfall recorded in dip-wells at Cut Hill was 95 mm in April, 58 mm in May, 186 mm in June and 116 mm in July. Although wet, temperatures were close to normal in June, but higher in July, with the Met Office review stating that “July… remembered for the hottest day on record…. in the UK”.

August saw temperatures slightly above average but with quite changeable weather and this carried on into the early part of September, with intermittent heavy rain, showers, dull and then bright weather. Heavy rain on 24 September heralded in a very wet autumn. Both October and November saw monthly mean temperatures slightly below the long-term average and rainfall substantially above. Rain occurred on 24 days out of 31 in October and on 19 days in November in Musbury, East Devon. Dartmoor, being higher and further west is likely to have received even greater rainfall, and indeed the Met Office Review states that “England as a whole has had its fifth wettest autumn with an average of 348 mm, and the location with the highest total through the autumn was Holne on the southern edge of Dartmoor, with 899 mm”. December started dry and bright but soon became more changeable with showers and longer spells of rain, a mean monthly temperature above average and again rainfall above average, leading to flooding in some areas.

REFERENCES Avon J. 2019. Operation Wader Annual Report. Unpublished Report. Brent Birders. 2020. The South Brent Parish Bird Survey. Part 4. Phenology. Devon Birds 73 (2): 11–20. Castelló, J. & Burgess, M. 2020. Dartmoor Wood Warbler Project: 2019 Report. Unpublished report. Freshney, F. 2019a. Dartmoor Ring Ouzel Survey 2019. A brief report. Unpublished report. Freshney, F. 2019b. Dartmoor Snipe Survey 2018–2019. Dartmoor Moorland Bird Project. Unpublished report. Freshney, F. & Reay, P. 2020. Bird Research on Dartmoor – a Review of Current Projects. Devon Birds 73 (1): 31–39. Price, D. 2020. Dunsford Woods Reserve Breeding Bird Survey. Unpublished report. Reay, P. 2019. Goosander roost counts 2018/19. Devon Birds 72 (1): 26–30. Reay, P. 2020. Devon Goosander Winter Roost Survey 2019/20. Unpublished report. Reay, P. & Freshney, F. 2018. Dartmoor Bird Report. Devon Birds (Devon Bird Report 2017), 71 (3): 180–190. Reay, P. & Freshney, F. 2019. Dartmoor 2018. Devon Birds (Devon Bird Report 2018), 71 (3): 179. Reay, P. & Smaldon, R. 2020. A Dartmoor Bird List. Devon Birds 73 (1): 40–42. Sampson, M. 2019. Dunlin Report for 2019 Dartmoor. Unpublished report. Smaldon, R. 2005. The Birds of Dartmoor. Isabelline Books, Falmouth. Williams, T. 2019a. Fingle Woods Breeding Bird Survey 2019 results. Unpublished report. Williams, T. 2019b. Ausewell Woods Breeding Bird Survey 2019 results. Unpublished report. Williams, T. 2020. Fingle Woods Wintering Bird Survey 2019/20 results. Unpublished report.

Goshawk being harassed. South Dartmoor, December 2019. SMRY

Mute Swans. Portworthy. June 2019. CJE Little Ringed Plover. Cadover. May 2019. CJE

Teal. North Dartmoor. April 2019. MLHS (trail camera)

Whimbrel. Cadover. April 2019. CJE

Goosander. Blackadon, R Webburn. May 2019. SMRY Curlews. Dartmoor. May 2019. JDA

Red Grouse. North Dartmoor. July 2019. JD-P One of a pair with two chicks.

Dunlin chick. North Dartmoor. July 2019. MLHS (trail camera)

Cuckoo juvenile. Venford. July 2019. CJE Ring Ouzels. Emsworthy. October 2019. SMRY

Spotted Flycatcher juvenile. Huccaby. August 2019. RHi

Kestrel. Cut Hill area. July 2019. MLHS (trail camera)

Whinchat. Trowlesworthy. May 2019. CJE

Lesser Spotted Woodpecker. Yarner Wood. April 2019. SMRY

Wood Warbler. Dart Valley. May 2019. RHi According to MDB this male was ringed as a nestling at the same site in 2018, and in 2019 one of its two nests produced six fledged Common Rosefinch (on left). South Brent. November 2019. JJD young, the other being deserted. (through window)

INDEX TO SPECIES ACCOUNTS Species names in red and amber are on the national Red and Amber Lists of Birds of Conservation Concern https://www.bto.org/our-science/publications/psob

Species Page Greenfinch 24 Red Kite 12 (alphabetical) Greenshank 15 Red-backed Shrike 18 Barn Owl 17 Grey Heron 11 Red-crested Pochard 9 Black Redstart 22 Grey Wagtail 23 Redshank 15 Blackbird 21 Hawfinch 24 Redstart 22 Blackcap 20 Hen Harrier 12 Redwing 21 Black-headed Gull 15 Herring Gull 16 Reed Bunting 25 Black-tailed Godwit 14 Hobby 18 Ring Ouzel 21 Blue Tit 19 Hoopoe 17 Ringed Plover 14 Brambling 24 House Martin 19 Ring-necked Duck 10 Bullfinch 24 House Sparrow 23 Robin 22 Buzzard 12 Iberian Chiffchaff 20 Rook 18 Canada Goose 8 Jack Snipe 14 Sand Martin 19 Carrion Crow 18 Jackdaw 18 Sedge Warbler 20 Chaffinch 24 Jay 18 Shelduck 8 Chiffchaff 19 Kestrel 18 Short-eared Owl 17 Cirl Bunting 25 Kingfisher 13 Shoveler 8 Coal Tit 18 Lapwing 17 Siskin 25 Collared Dove 16 L Black-backed Gull 16 Skylark 19 Common Gull 15 Lesser Redpoll 24 Snipe 14 Common Rosefinch 24 L S Woodpecker 17 Snow Bunting 25 Common Sandpiper 15 Linnet 24 Song Thrush 21 Coot 12 Little Egret 11 Sparrowhawk 12 Cormorant 11 Little Grebe 11 Spotted Flycatcher 22 Crossbill 24 Little Ringed Plover 14 Starling 21 Cuckoo 17 Long-tailed Tit 19 Stock Dove 16 Curlew 14 Magpie 18 Stonechat 22 Dartford Warbler 20 Mallard 9 Swallow 19 Dipper 23 Mandarin Duck 8 Swift 17 Dunlin 14 Marsh Harrier 12 Tawny Owl 17 Dunnock 23 Marsh Tit 19 Teal 9 Feral Pigeon 16 Meadow Pipit 23 Tree Pipit 23 Fieldfare 21 Mediterranean Gull 15 Treecreeper 21 Firecrest 20 Merlin 18 Tufted Duck 10 Gadwall 8 Mistle Thrush 22 Wheatear 23 Garden Warbler 20 Moorhen 12 Whimbrel 14 Goldcrest 21 Mute Swan 8 Whinchat 22 Golden Plover 13 Nightjar 17 Whitethroat 20 Goldfinch 25 Nuthatch 21 Wigeon 9 Goosander 10 Osprey 12 Willow Tit 19 Goshawk 12 Oystercatcher 13 Willow Warbler 19 Grasshopper Warbler 20 Peregrine 18 Wood Sandpiper 15 Gt Black-backed Gull 15 Pheasant 11 Wood Warbler 20 Great Crested Grebe 11 Pied Flycatcher 22 Woodcock 14 Great Grey Shrike 18 Pied Wagtail 23 Woodlark 19 G S Woodpecker 17 Pintail 9 Woodpigeon 16 Great Tit 19 Quail 10 Wren 21 Green Sandpiper 15 Raven 18 Yellow Wagtail 23 Green Woodpecker 17 Red Grouse 10 Yellowhammer 25

SPECIES ACCOUNTS Names and sequence of species follow those used in the Devon Bird Report species accounts, where scientific names can also be found. Figures in tables are maximum counts, with the site maxima in bold. Observer initials are given only for the more unusual records.

CANADA GOOSE. The only counts >100 came from Portworthy, with up to 106 roosting and feeding in early Oct. Double-figure counts also came from ECC Pits, Fernworthy and Meldon. Generally scarce in the winter months, the max counts occurred between Apr and Oct, though breeding was confirmed only at Hennock, Portworthy, Shaugh Lakes and South Brent. The max counts away from tabulated sites were 17 on fishing lakes at Cadover Bridge and 10 at Dockwell, South Brent, both on 17 Mar. See also Appendix 3.

Canada Goose J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam - - 3 7 4 ------Burrator - 16 12 5 9 33 34 5 22 45 4 2 Fernworthy 6 - - - 2 47 46 16 - - - - Hennock - - 2 - 3 - 1 1 - - - - Meldon 9 22 - - 17 - - 22 - - - - Venford - - - 2 ------ECC Pits 3 6 11 3 6 60 48 13 - - - - Portworthy 37 44 10 9 10 18 24 2 5 106 88 - Shaugh Lakes - 2 5 9 - 5 ------Horsham - 2 4 - 5 ------South Brent Lakes - 2 5 2 2 - 5 - - - - -

MUTE SWAN. As is now usual, recorded in every month from the two regular sites at the southern edge of the area: South Brent Lakes, the resident male of unknown origin; and Portworthy, up to six, including a breeding pair which fledged three young (photo, p 5), following the first Dartmoor breeding in 2018 (CJE). A pair with at least four young was also noted on a small lake at Hayne, Moretonhampstead (CE).

SHELDUCK. All records were from Portworthy, where recorded Jan–May, with a max of five in Apr and May, and last seen on 18 May. No breeding, following the first Dartmoor breeding record in 2017, and again in 2018.

MANDARIN DUCK. Breeding was confirmed on the R Meavy (pair with seven young in May) and the R Dart (pair with two young at Hembury, and a female with at least two young at Huccaby). Burrator, R Dart and Yarner Wood remain the main sites, with a clear indication of the birds being winter visitors to Burrator. Away from tabulated sites, there were three records in Apr from Steps Bridge (a pair), Two Bridges (two) and R Meavy (four). An enterprising bird was seen to take ‘cherry bakewell’ from a visitor at Huccaby in Aug.

Mandarin Duck J F M A M J J A S O N D Burrator 12 3 1 - 1 - - - - 11 13 19 Venford ------2 1 - - - - Horsham - - 2 ------R Dart (lower) 8 9 2 1 2 4 - 1 - - - - Yarner Wood - 15 6 1 - 3 - - - 15 - -

SHOVELER. Up to three males present at Portworthy until 14 Jan, then no more until two there on 25 Jul.

GADWALL. A female was at Portworthy on 14 Jan and a male 3–7 Aug.

WIGEON. All records were from either Portworthy or South Brent Lakes, the max count of 28 coming from the latter, but recorded in more months from Portworthy where the last was on 2 Mar and the first on 22 Sep. A poor winter in terms of max counts and number of sites compared to 2018.

Wigeon J F M A M J J A S O N D Portworthy 11 6 1 - - - - - 1 2 2 2 South Brent Lakes 24 2 ------28

MALLARD. In South Brent, recorded from eight out of 52 parish monads in Jan and 12 in May. As usual, the highest counts came from Burrator and Portworthy, with counts >10 from seven other sites and many smaller numbers elsewhere. Fledged young were recorded from Avon Dam, Burrator, Cadover, Portworthy, Red Lake (female with three small ducklings on the late date of 22 Aug), R Meavy, R Teign and Sherberton. See also Appendix 3.

Mallard J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam 18 4 2 4 2 7 3 1 12 14 16 14 Burrator 115 82 69 31 58 106 117 83 87 128 89 163 Fernworthy 20 5 5 8 9 9 35 21 12 4 - 3 Hennock 16 6 13 - 7 1 9 18 - 52 58 - Meldon 9 2 - - 2 - - - - - 5 2 Venford 6 - - 9 2 - 22 6 - 6 2 8 ECC Pits 37 19 16 20 22 31 38 32 15 3 9 25 Portworthy 25 39 13 8 27 31 45 94 63 27 49 28 Shaugh Lakes 4 3 2 4 2 7 5 2 11 1 - - Horsham - - 3 - 1 - - - - 2 - - South Brent Lakes 8 4 6 8 - - 10 - 26 36 - 22

PINTAIL. The only records were from Portworthy, with three (one male) on 9 Sep, and a female on 31 Oct.

TEAL. No confirmed breeding, but there were records in likely breeding areas near Kit Rocks (photo, p 5) and Tavy Head (detected by night camera; photo, p 5) in early Apr and late May respectively (MLHS) and there were also three at Fernworthy on 12 May. Courtship display and mating were observed at the Avon Dam on 25 Mar, perhaps indicative of breeding in the Avon catchment. Elsewhere the birds were essentially winter visitors. At Portworthy, the main site, the last were on 19 Apr, the first returns on 13 Jul, the corresponding dates at the Avon Dam being 12 Apr and 3 Sep. The only record from ponds near Dockwell, South Brent was of two on 17 Apr, but local farmers report double-figure numbers of birds coming into these ponds in the evening during winter.

Teal J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam 22 26 6 6 - - - - 4 5 17 20 Burrator 7 8 3 3 - - - - 1 3 14 - Fernworthy - - - - 3 ------ECC Pits 38 37 15 4 - - - - 3 12 24 8 Portworthy 93 95 60 32 - - 3 26 103 71 65 65 Shaugh Lakes - - 1 ------2 1 -

RED-CRESTED POCHARD. Following records at Portworthy in 2018, there were again intermittent records of a female at this site in Jan–Feb and Jul–Dec, but none between 11 Feb and 20 Jul. 2018 correction. In DaBR 2018, the phrase ‘Following the male in 2017, the first on Dartmoor’ should be deleted, as there was no male at Portworthy in 2017, and the first for Dartmoor was in 2015.

RING-NECKED DUCK. The male at ECC Pits from 2018 was last seen on 19 Jan (RJL). 2018 addition. A male was seen on 14 Oct, 13 Nov and 10 Dec at ECC Pits (RJL).

TUFTED DUCK. One pair bred at Hennock raising two young, but no breeding was reported from Portworthy. The main sites were Hennock, ECC Pits and Portworthy, with double-figure counts and birds present in most months. Smaller numbers occurred at four other sites, including Horsham Pond where breeding occurred in 2017.

Tufted Duck J F M A M J J A S O N D Burrator - 1 ------3 - 1 - Fernworthy 5 - - 2 - - - 2 5 1 - 2 Hennock 9 12 9 - 7 8 16 5 - 16 - - ECC Pits 38 32 28 8 - 13 25 25 17 23 29 33 Portworthy 9 13 11 12 8 10 2 1 2 4 5 1 Shaugh Lakes 1 - - - - - 1 - 2 1 - - Horsham - - - - 2 ------South Brent Lakes ------1

GOOSANDER. The only ducklings comprised: a brood of six at Burrator, first seen on 20 Jun, then as five fully grown young on 15 Jul; and a brood of three at Huccaby (R Dart) on 23 Jun (photo, p 25). Probable breeding also occurred elsewhere on the Dart, and also on the Avon (though probably not on the Dartmoor stretch), Meavy, Plym, Teign and Webbern, from the presence of adults in the breeding season. Synchronised dawn roost counts gave Dartmoor totals of 67 on 19 Jan, 46 (no Venford count) on 16 Feb, 45 on 16 Nov and 31 (poor weather) on 14 Dec. None were at Hennock on 16 Nov or subsequently, but there had been 17 the day before; birds mostly appear at this site in early autumn (peak of 24 on 13 Nov) coinciding with low water levels and/or fish stocking. The main Dartmoor roost site now seems to be the Avon Dam, with maxima of 31 on 16 Feb and 25 on 24 Nov, including six ad males on each occasion. Last roosters at this site were on 22 Jun, the first of autumn on 18 Sep, apart from one Aug record. Elsewhere, the only Jul records were from Burrator and Cadover, and the only one in Aug from Buckfastleigh. The last ad males at Avon Dam were on 3 May, but four flew over Trowlesworthy on 2 Jun. There were several records of birds during the daytime on the Avon, Bovey, Dart, Meavy, Plym, Tavy and Teign. Away from rivers up to 14 were feeding at Moors Head fishing lake 1–9 Dec, presumably from the Avon Dam. Unusual observations included mating at the Avon Dam on the early date of 24 Nov, and a female which flew down the R Webburn on 25 May and perched high in an oak tree (photo, p 5).

Goosander J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam 25 31 17 10 8 12 - 3 8 14 25 22 Burrator - 8 1 2 - 1 8 6 6 - 13 - Fernworthy 12 2 ------3 Hennock ------17 24 - Meldon 6 ------8 - - Venford 19 - 18 - - 1 - - - 1 1 14 ECC Pits 2 ------3 Shaugh Lakes - - - 1 ------

RED GROUSE. Twelve records were from 10 sites on both south and north moors, scattered throughout the year. The max count was five, and breeding was confirmed by a record of adults with two chicks in Jul (JD-P; photo, p 5). The other sites were: Cosdon Hill, Merrivale Range, Ockerton Court, Spriddle Lake and Winney’s Down on the north moor; and Avon Dam, Langcombe Head and Ryders Hill in the south.

QUAIL. One flushed from Mardon Down on 6 Jul (NM) was the only record.

PHEASANT. Several double-figure counts, with a max of 66, but no indication of whether the birds were scattered or in flocks. A continued absence at Dunsford, and low numbers at Fingle is linked to the cessation of releasing birds for shooting. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

LITTLE GREBE. Recorded from 10 sites and in all months, including one on the Swincombe Intake Works on 24 Feb. Confirmed breeding occurred at ECC Pit Complex (three pairs), Portworthy (two pairs), Shaugh Lake (one pair), South Brent (total of at least four pairs at two sites) and Venford (one pair). Most consistent at ECC Pits and Portworthy with records in all months, and double-figure counts at the former. See also Appendix 3.

Little Grebe J F M A M J J A S O N D Burrator 2 1 1 1 - - 1 1 1 3 - - Fernworthy ------4 1 - - - Hennock 1 1 - - - - 1 3 - 2 1 - Venford - - - 1 - 1 6 1 - 2 - - ECC Pits 6 2 6 6 8 9 17 11 15 12 5 4 Portworthy 2 2 7 5 4 3 4 7 6 4 4 3 Shaugh Lakes 1 2 2 1 - - 1 2 2 2 1 - Horsham - - 3 - 1 - 3 1 1 - - - South Brent Lakes - 3 3 2 4 - 3 - 2 2 3 1

GREAT CRESTED GREBE. No confirmed breeding. Courtship behaviour by the pair present at the Avon Dam 30 Apr– 5 Jun and at Venford on 17 Jun is assumed to have been followed by breeding elsewhere, perhaps Fernworthy. Effectively a summer visitor to Dartmoor, there were no records before 15 Feb, or after 13 Oct, with most during Apr–Jul.

Gt Crested Grebe J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam - - - - 2 2 2 - - - - - Burrator - 2 - 2 4 2 ------Fernworthy - - - 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 - - Venford - - - - - 2 2 - - - - -

GREY HERON. Widespread on a variety of sites, but usually singles. The max count was of four juvs at Venford on 21 Jul presumably from the small heronry there (photo, p 30). Breeding (with best estimates of occupied nests) occurred at: Beardown (3) and Venford (1) on the Dart: Hoo Meavy (5) on the Plym; and Wanford Wood (2) on the Bovey. The total of 11 is the same as in 2018, but that included one nest at Buckfast, a site not covered in 2019. See also Appendix 3.

Grey Heron J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam - - 1 1 - - 2 1 1 - - - Burrator 1 1 - 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 3 Fernworthy - - - - - 2 2 1 - - - - Meldon 2 ------Venford - - - 1 - - 4 - - - - - Portworthy 2 1 1 1 - - - 1 - - - - Horsham 1 ------

LITTLE EGRET. One at Burrator on 5 Aug was the only record, cf. records from Portworthy in three months in 2018.

CORMORANT. Recorded in all months, mostly from the reservoirs. The max was 16 on 8 Oct at Burrator, the most consistent site, the only other counts >five being nine at both Hennock and Fernworthy in August. The presumed

11 absence of fish in most clay pits probably explains their absence from these sites, so one apparently feeding at Upper Shaugh Lake on 28 Apr is intriguing. The only record from a river was on the Avon at Brent Mill on 4 Jan, and the only others were of occasional birds flying over.

Cormorant J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam - 1 - 1 - 1 - - - 1 - - Burrator 5 5 4 3 2 5 4 9 5 16 4 2 Fernworthy - 1 - - - 4 - 2 1 1 1 - Hennock 2 2 1 - 2 1 3 9 - 1 - - Meldon 1 ------1 1 - - - Venford ------1 - - 1 1 - Shaugh Lakes - - - 1 ------

OSPREY. After an absence in 2018, there were three spring sightings: low over Trowlesworthy, heading for Burrator, on 22 Apr (CJE); at Fernworthy Res, reported by anglers on about 10 May (SR); and over nearby Batworthy on 22 May (SR).

SPARROWHAWK. Widely reported throughout the year, often in gardens. The only breeding record was of a pair with two fledged young near Harford. No breeding at Dunsford, and no records from either Ausewell or Fingle. See also Appendix 3. GOSHAWK. Several scattered records from most months as usual. A good breeding year with an average 2.00 young per pair, cf. 1.23 in 2018 at sites monitored under Schedule 1 licence (MD). MARSH HARRIER. After an absence of records in 2018, a juvenile was at Hanger Down on 10 Jan (PJR). HEN HARRIER. Mostly singles, the last on 19 Apr at Lee Moor, before the first return on 8 Oct, a male at Emsworthy. During the year, other records, mostly of hunting birds, came from Ammicombe Valley, Bellever, Buckfastleigh, Combestone Tor, Cut Hill, Dunnabridge, Emsworthy, Hound Tor (N moor), Huccaby, Laughter Tor, Postbridge, Ringmoor Down, Spriddle Lake, Steeperton Gorge, Tottiford Res, Two Bridges, Waterleat, Wigford Down, White Ridge and Yelverton. Monthly maxima at roost were five (four males) on 20 Jan, 17 Feb and 17 Mar, four (two males) on 20 Oct, three (two males) on 17 Nov and five (four males) on 15 Dec (MTD, MD,AR et al.). RED KITE. Recorded on nine dates from 11 sites (cf. 20 and 24, respectively, in 2018), all but one involving single birds. There were two records in Apr, six in May and one each in Jun, Jul, Oct and Dec at: Princetown on 16 Apr; Grenofen on 27 Apr; Ugborough Beacon on 14 May; Hickaton Hill (two) and Leather Tor on 15 May; South Tawton on 18 May; Emsworthy and Sigford on 26 May; Buckfastleigh on 11 Jun; Bellever on 27 Oct; and Burrator on 3 Dec. BUZZARD. Widespread, but the only records of confirmed breeding came from Ausewell and Fingle. The max count was only seven, at Yarner in Feb. Records included several from the high moor, including Flat Tor, Taw Head and Whitehorse Hill. See also Appendices 2 and 3. MOORHEN. Very scarce on the reservoirs, with ECC Pits, Portworthy and South Brent Lakes the main and most regular sites. Confirmed breeding only at Portworthy, South Brent Lakes and Lower Shaugh Lakes, but probably occurred at Horsham where present during the summer, and (unreported) at various small ponds and lakes around the edges of the moor. See also Appendix 3. COOT. Unusually, there were no records from Burrator, Hennock or any other reservoir, almost all records coming from ECC Pits and Portworthy, where present throughout the year. At least one pair bred at Portworthy, where the max count was 32 in Jan and monthly totals were all above 15. The only other record was from South Brent Lakes with one seen on 3 Jan and 18 Apr, and perhaps present throughout this period.

Moorhen J F M A M J J A S O N D Fernworthy ------6 - 4 - - - Hennock ------2 - - - - ECC Pits 1 - 2 5 4 4 5 1 7 2 5 2 Portworthy 3 2 9 3 2 3 2 4 7 10 7 4 Shaugh Lakes - - - - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - Horsham - - - - 1 1 2 2 - - - - South Brent Lakes 6 5 6 9 5 - 3 - 3 6 8 3

Coot J F M A M J J A S O N D ECC Pits 4 3 4 3 2 4 4 4 3 3 5 3 Portworthy 32 27 24 19 16 23 18 22 15 17 20 20 South Brent Lakes 1 - - 1 ------

WADERS. Monthly site maxima for all species. Numbers in bold are from claypits (Portworthy, Shaugh Lakes and ECC Pit Complex)

J F M A M J J A S O N D Oystercatcher ------1 - - - - - Lapwing - 100 - - - - 1 - - 9 1 10 Golden Plover 180 400 80 200 - - - - - 250 50 40 Ringed Plover ------1 - - - Little Ringed Plover - - - 3 2 2 3 3 - - - - Whimbrel - - - 1 ------Curlew - 1 1 2 2 2 ------Black-tailed Godwit - - - 9 - - - 2 - - - - Dunlin ------2 1 - - - - Woodcock 1 2 1 ------1 1 4 Jack Snipe - 1 1 ------1 - - Snipe 1 9 3 1 6 1 1 2 1 6 4 1 Common Sandpiper - - - 1 2 2 4 2 1 - - - Green Sandpiper - 1 - - - - 2 2 - - - - Redshank ------2 - - - Wood Sandpiper - - - - 1 ------Greenshank ------1 1 2 - - -

OYSTERCATCHER. One feeding on the shore at Portworthy on 31 Jul (CJE) was the first since one at Fernworthy in Dec 2011. This appears to be only the second record for Portworthy, following one in Jul 2006.

LAPWING. Breeding was confirmed, but once again restricted to one site, with a max of eight adults seen. The four nests found contained a total of 14 eggs in clutched of three or four. Seven eggs hatched, and two chicks survived to 30 days but none fledged (Avon 2019). In the winter, the only records during a cold snap at the beginning of Feb were on 2 Feb with 80 S over Buckfastleigh and 100+ in pasture at Pennaton, South Brent (S&PD), but on 25 Feb, there were 30 in a wet field near South Zeal. In the second winter-period nine were grounded in fog at Manga on 31 Oct and 10 were in flight near Princetown on 26 Dec. The only records from the clay pits were singles at Portworthy on 13–14 Jul and 7 Nov, and two on 2 Dec, and there were none from the reservoirs.

GOLDEN PLOVER. The last were 50 at Western Beacon on 12 Apr, the first back 20 at Sheepstor on 2 Oct. In the first winter-period the max was 400+ at Foggintor on 11 Feb, a max of 200 at Butterdon on 25 Feb and 200 (presumed

13 migrants) at Trendlebere Down on 9 Apr. Other counts of at least 50 came from Sharpitor on 12 Jan, Hoo Meavy (field) and Lovaton on 3 Feb (cold snap) and Merrivale Range (migrants in breeding plumage) on 10 Apr. In the second winter-period, the only counts >50 were of: 250 both over Emsworthy on 17 Oct and on Ugborough Beacon on 20 Oct; 100 at Holwell Down on 28 Oct; and 50 at Shavercombe Head on 28 Nov. Records of <50 came from about 10 additional sites in each winter-period. Away from their usual areas 31 flew over Crownhill Down towards Cornwood on 29 Dec.

RINGED PLOVER. Single juveniles were at Portworthy on 1 and 5 Sep, with two on the 19th (CJE).

LITTLE RINGED PLOVER. All records were from the clay pits, with the first arrivals at Portworthy on 17 Apr and last seen there on 3 Aug. Breeding probably occurred at one or more sites in the area, with adults present during the breeding season (photo, p 5), and juvs from 24 Jun to 3 Aug when three were seen. Three were also present on 15 & 23 Jul, comprising an ad and two juvs (all CJE).

Little Ringed Plover J F M A M J J A S O N D ECC Pits - - - 1 2 2 2 - - - - - Portworthy - - - 3 2 2 3 3 - - - - Cadover area - - - 1 1 2 ------

WHIMBREL. One was feeding on the moor at Trowlesworthy Farm on 28 Apr (CJE; photo, p 5), the first on Dartmoor since one over Dousland in May 2015.

CURLEW. Most records came from the vicinity of the one remaining Dartmoor breeding area, of one-two birds seen or heard between 23 Mar and 6 Jul, a later arrival than in some previous years. Breeding in at least one of five territories probably occurred but was not confirmed. By 23 Apr, four males were present within the usual territories, displaying was observed until 22 Jun in two (photo p 5), and in one a pair was present from 29 Apr until mid-Jun. Most birds had departed by 27 Jun (Avon 2019, SMRY et al.). The only other records were of singles heard about 10 km from the breeding area on 31 May, in Tavy Cleave on 19 Feb (BirdTrack) and in the Burrator area on 22 Mar (NST).

BLACK-TAILED GODWIT. The only records were from Portworthy, with nine on 14 Apr and two on 3 Aug (CJE).

DUNLIN. One or two were recorded at 13 breeding sites between 21 Apr and 20 Jul, in some cases supported by trail camera evidence. This confirmed the presence of single chicks at two sites about 500 m apart. One was filmed several times between 29 Jun and 17 Jul (photo, p 5; almost certainly the first time that a Dunlin chick had been observed growing up on Dartmoor) and the other a few times between 26 Jun and 17 Jul. Breeding was probable at nine other sites and possible at the remaining two (MLHS and Sampson (2019)). The only other records came from Portworthy where there were two adults on 28 Jul and one on 3 Aug (CJE).

WOODCOCK. Recorded from 26 sites, the last on 18 Mar at Hembury and the first return on 31 Oct near Grey Wethers. The highest count was four, at Holne Moor Venford on 22 Dec. See also Appendix 3. JACK SNIPE. There were three records of singles at Harford on 6 Feb, Cowsic Head on 25 Mar and King Tor Bog on 27 Oct.

SNIPE. A breeding season survey of the Dartmoor Snipe population was conducted during 2018/19 under the auspices of the Dartmoor Moorland Bird Project, a repeat of a survey undertaken in 2008/09 by DJP and PS using the same methodology. Approximately 40 sites were surveyed with data from other surveys and incidental sightings incorporated. The final estimate was a minimum of 162 territories/pairs, suggesting a population in the range 162– 180 territories, similar to the 160–200 in 2008/09. The small decline may be a consequence of challenging weather conditions during the survey and short-term impacts of the preceding cold winters. In conclusion, the population remains stable, significant in an England context and the largest in SW England (cf. an estimated 150 pairs on the

Somerset Levels (D Bridge, RSPB, pers. comm.)). Their distribution on Dartmoor has not changed significantly in ten years although there is evidence for increased use of blanket bog for breeding, with territories located in clusters at sites with significant standing water (Freshney 2019b). Casual records came from 16 sites in Apr–Jun, mostly single birds chipping or drumming, but there were six at Emsworthy. Chipping first heard in the Swincombe area on 26 Mar, and late drumming at dusk at Haytor Rock on 14 Jul and at Dunnabridge on 17 Nov. Only recorded from four sites in Jul–Sep, but from 13 in Jan–Mar, with a max count of nine in a field near Harbourneford on 14 Feb, and 15 in Oct–Dec, with a max of six at Lower Shaugh Lake on 13 Oct. See also Appendix 3.

COMMON SANDPIPER. Breeding was confirmed in the Cadover area with pair and three juvs present in mid-Jun (CJE). Also present in the breeding season at two other sites. The first passage bird was at Fernworthy on 29 Apr, the last, also at Fernworthy, on 15 Sep.

Common Sandpiper J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam - - - 1 1 ------Burrator - - - - - 2 1 2 - - - - Fernworthy - - - 1 - - - - 1 - - - ECC Pits - - - - - 2 4 - - - - - Portworthy - - - 1 - - - 1 - - - - Cadover area - - - - 2 2 1 1 - - - -

GREEN SANDPIPER. After records from five sites in 2018, there were just two, one on 9 Feb at Higher Beara, South Brent, and two at Portworthy on 30 Jul.

REDSHANK. Two roosting and preening at Portworthy on 14 Sep (CJE) was the only record.

WOOD SANPIPER. One at ECC Pits on 16 May (RJL) was the first on Dartmoor since 2015.

GREENSHANK. Occurred only at Portworthy, but on four dates: singles on 15 Jul, 15 & 31 Aug and two on 29 Sep.

BLACK-HEADED GULL. Absent during Feb–Sep apart from one at Portworthy on 5 Jul. The only records were from Burrator, Fernworthy and Portworthy, apart from counts from unspecified sites, of 16 in SX56 on 28 Jan and 11 in SX57 on 31 Oct. The counts from Fernworthy, and the max of 63 on Nov at Portworthy, were of roosting birds which presumably fed away from the moor.

Black-headed Gull J F M A M J J A S O N D Burrator 4 ------21 - Fernworthy 125 ------60 Portworthy 17 8 - - - - 1 - - - 63 3

MEDITERRANEAN GULL. A first-winter bird was at Portworthy among other gulls on 17 Feb (CJE).

COMMON GULL. One was in a field at Trowlesworthy on 24 Oct, but all other records were from Portworthy, up to 10 Mar and from 3 Nov. The max count of 300, at dawn on 17 Nov, was of roosting birds. Other monthly maxima were 30 in Jan, 55 in Feb, 25 in Mar and three in Dec.

GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL. Recorded in all months, and from reservoirs, pits, pastures or flying over, sometimes feeding on carcasses. All one–three apart from five in pasture at Dockwell, South Brent on 25 Apr and the roost counts of 14 and 20 from Portworthy. Two at dawn on 24 Jul at Avon Dam had probably roosted there, unusual for this site.

Great Black-b Gull J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam - - - 3 - 1 2 - - - - - Burrator 2 2 1 1 - 3 1 1 1 - - - Hennock ------1 - - - - - Venford - - - 2 1 2 ------Portworthy - 14 3 ------20 -

HERRING GULL. Widespread, and recorded in all months. The max count was of 1,200 roosters at Portworthy at dawn on 17 Nov. The largest group of feeding birds involved at least 500, mostly adults or near-adults at Widecombe on 8 Jun: ‘the annual visitation of birds searching short turf areas for cranefly larvae….large numbers coming off the fields and spiralling up into the sky before drifting off, also noted at Headland Warren, Postbridge and Princetown’ (RS). Other counts >100 comprised: 203 flying over South Brent towards the moor on 10 Feb; 150 resting/feeding on pasture at Lutton, South Brent and later, 200 bathing at the Avon Dam on 17 Jun; and 100 feeding at Tin Park on 14 Mar. Apart from 75 roosters at Fernworthy in Jan and Dec, all other counts were <50 and there were no records of breeding in spite of a year-round presence of adults in some areas. See also Appendix 3.

Herring Gull J F M A M J J A S O N D Avon Dam - - - - - 200 2 - - - - - Burrator 1 9 7 26 7 48 8 2 18 28 12 - Fernworthy 75 ------3 - - 75 Hennock ------1 - - - - Venford ------5 - - - - - Portworthy 12 73 3 3 1 12 19 3 1 - 1200 - Shaugh Lakes - - - - - 1 - 1 - - - -

LESSER BLACK-BACKED GULL. Recorded in all months apart from Jan and Dec, most regularly at Portworthy with a max of 112 at roost on 17 Nov, and only occasionally elsewhere. The only evidence of spring passage was the higher counts at Portworthy in Feb & Mar, but in autumn 40 migrants moved S over Laughter Tor on 20 Oct. Otherwise, the highest counts were six at Sticklepath in Aug and five at Crownhill Down in Jul.

Lesser Black-b Gull J F M A M J J A S O N D Burrator - 2 2 1 - - 1 - - - 2 - Hennock ------1 4 4 - - - Portworthy - 29 21 5 4 6 4 - 1 - 112 -

FERAL PIGEON (ROCK DOVE). Only recorded as present in Buckfastleigh in Apr with no other details.

WOODPIGEON. No confirmed breeding reported, though clearly widespread in the breeding season. The largest counts of autumn migrants between late Oct and early Dec were: 5,000 on 9 Nov over Buckfastleigh, and 1,000 there on 28 Oct; 1,500 over South Brent on 5 Nov (07:10 to 08:30 h); 1,200 over Bellever on 9 Nov; and 1,000 over Lamb’s Down on 16 Nov. Spring migrants much more unusual, but 200 flew NE over Brent Hill on 8 Apr. The only other high count was of 200 feeding in Brisworthy Plantation on 17 Dec. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

STOCK DOVE. Records from only 13 sites, mainly in the breeding season, but no confirmed breeding. No records in Aug, Oct and Nov. The highest count was 14, in an arable field below Brent Hill on 14 Jun. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

COLLARED DOVE. Records from 11 sites, in all months except Sep. No double-figure counts. See also Appendices 3 and 4.

CUCKOO. The first was on 16 Apr at Bowerman’s Nose, the last, both juveniles, on 21 Jul at Venford (photo, p 6) and on 12 Aug at Brimpt’s Newtake. Records were from 75 sites, all on the moor apart from one calling from Brent Hill on 25 May. Counts of four–five, often involving courtship and display, came from Dockwell South Brent, Emsworthy, Headland Warren and Venford. At Venford more seen than in other recent years: three Meadow Pipit nests found parasitized, but one chick predated in nest, and another at fledging (CRT). See also Appendices 2 and 3.

BARN OWL. Only 10 records, spread over seven months: in Jan from Harbourneford, Holne Moor and Huccaby (two roosting); in May from South Brent (roosting); in Jul from Buckfastleigh; in Sep from South Brent; in Oct from Laughter Tor (on two evenings); in Nov from the Two Bridges area; and in Dec from Harraton Cross. In addition, a pellet, at least one month old, was found in a barn at Owley.

TAWNY OWL. Recorded in all months but breeding only confirmed at Goodameavy and Fingle. Only a few squeaky hoots and no breeding at Owley Moorgate. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

SHORT-EARED OWL. Three scattered records of singles, as in 2018: Lee Moor on 31 Mar (SD); near Huccaby Tor on 16 May (WJD); and north of Rough Tor on 31 Oct (MLHS).

NIGHTJAR. The first was on 18 May at Kennick, the last on 16 Jul at Shipley. Records were from: Bellever, seven churring and at least two others on 22 Jun; Crownhill Down & feeding over land at Portworthy, female seen on 21 May and a male on 6 Jul; Fingle& Mardon Down area, churring heard from late May to early Aug (cf. none in 2018); Haytor Rock, one churring and hawking on 14 Jul; Kennick, five churring on 18 May; Ramshorn, one churring and hawking on 21 Jun; Shipley, at least one churring and two seen 9 Jun – 16 Jul; Soussons, eight churring males on 21 Jun and nest with two chicks ringed on 6 Jul (NCW); Trendlebeare and Yarner Wood heath, 14 territories; and on the south side of Ugborough Beacon, one flushed early one evening in late June.

SWIFT. The first was on 28 Apr over Hembury Woods, the last on 3 Aug at Portworthy. Breeding was reported at Christow, Drewsteignton, South Brent and Upperton, and Devon Birds boxes and callers at Ilsington appear to have attracted prospecting immature birds if not breeders. At Drewsteignton, 35 juveniles were ringed and fledged from 16 active nests in boxes erected (NLD); in addition four chicks fledged from two nests at Burrow Farm, and there were seven nests at Upperton, with two chicks ringed (MDB). The only flocks >10 were: 13 at Statts Bridge on 29 Jun; and several records from Buckfastleigh, with a max of 50 on 24 Jul. See also Appendix 3.

KINGFISHER. Recorded in most months, but only from three sites in the Mar–May breeding period (on the Rivers Avon, Bovey and at Dart) but without confirmation of breeding. Overall, records came from Bovey Valley Woods, Burrator, Fingle, Hembury Woods, Kennick & Tottiford, Parke, Portworthy, Postbridge, Poundsgate, South Brent (Didworthy & Stidston) and Yarner. See also Appendix 3.

HOOPOE. One near Yardworthy on 11 May (WD) was the only record.

LESSER SPOTTED WOODPECKER. All records during Jan‒Jun and Nov, and at five sites: Blackadon, one record in May; Dunsford/Steps Bridge, Jan–Apr, but no confirmed breeding; Fingle, three pairs (cf. one in 2018); Hembury, Feb–Apr; and Yarner, Jan–Jun, probably breeding, probably two territories (photo, p 6). See also Appendix 2.

GREAT SPOTTED WOODPECKER. Breeding was confirmed at Brisworthy, Burrator, Challacombe, Dunsford, Emsworthy, Hembury, Parke, Sigford, Soussons, Whitchurch and Yarner. At Bellever in Feb, a pile of over 100 spruce cones was found below a telegraph pole which had been used as an anvil; this feeding behaviour has also been recorded in the area in previous years (RS). See also Appendices 2 and 3.

GREEN WOODPECKER. No confirmed breeding records, but juveniles at Crownhill Down and Piles Copse indicate probable breeding at these sites. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

KESTREL. Recorded from 45 sites, and in all months, but there were no confirmed breeding records, and the maximum count was of three juveniles hunting together near Statts Bridge on 11 Aug. One was hunting on the high moor in a Dunlin breeding area in Jul (photo, p 5). See also Appendix 3.

MERLIN. Nine records, mostly in Nov and Dec, all of single birds, were, in date order, from: Merrivale Warren on 14 Jan; Okehampton Range on 21 Mar (female); Two Bridges area on 7 May (male); Bench Tor on 22 Oct; Black Down on 3 Nov, and nearby Gibbet Hill on 23 Nov (both female); Scorriton Down on 19 Nov; Zempson on 3 & 4 Dec; and Brisworthy Plantation on 17 Dec. The Black Down and Gibbet Hill records both involved a female attracted to an immature tiercel Peregrine being flown for exercise. The bird just came to investigate on 3 Nov, but on 23rd at 16:00hrs, was ‘so persistent that the tiercel was forced to put in on the ground’. She flew off but was later seen hunting before dusk in the same area (AH). 2013 addition. Male hunting Meadow Pipits on Hameldown on 3 Aug (JJD).

HOBBY. The first was on 28 Apr at Emsworthy, the last on 21 Oct at Ugborough Beacon. Records were from 22 sites in total: at two in each of Apr, Aug, Sep and Oct, five in both May & Jun and eight in Jul. There was no confirmation of breeding but was possible at one site. All singles apart from two in the Glaze Valley on 27 Jun and over the Avon Dam on 20 Sep.

PEREGRINE. Recorded in all months, except for Nov, and from 32 sites. Breeding sites just outside the DNPA boundary (only one young fledged) and up the Dart Valley were presumably responsible for at least some of the records. No kills were reported, but Goosander, Woodpigeon and Great Spotted Woodpecker were pursued.

RED-BACKED SHRIKE. The first was a female at site A on 31 May (PHA), followed by a male at site B on 15 Jun (NH), and a male and a female at site C on 21–22 Jun (RS, MTD, G&AE). Sites A and C were about 2 km apart and about 10 km from site B. 2018 addition. Male at Site D on 8 Jun.

GREAT GREY SHRIKE. As in 2018, just one record, at Emsworthy 7–11 Apr (BS et al.). The bird was reported singing on 9 Apr (PHA).

JAY. No records of confirmed breeding, or of unusual numbers or behaviour. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

MAGPIE. The highest flock count was 18 at South Brent on 14 Feb. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

JACKDAW. The largest counts were: 400 moving S over Laughter Tor on 20 Oct; 100+ in South Brent on 28 Jan and 13 Feb, the latter a pre-roost gathering; 80 at Haytor on 24 Mar; and 70 feeding in pasture near Brent Hill on 20 Oct. In addition to nests on various buildings, there was a colony in old trees at Challacombe. See also Appendix 3.

ROOK. The only rookeries reported were those in South Brent village (comprising 23, 10 and four nests, plus a single on 13 Mar) and at Merrivale (nine nests on 28 Mar). See also Appendix 3.

CARRION CROW. Nests at Venford and Warren House were successful, but hatched young were predated in one at Cadover. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

RAVEN. The largest flock was at Trowlesworthy on 8 Oct, with 34 on the ground and another 20 overhead. At Little Links Tor, a group of 20, along with other corvids, were harassing a Buzzard on 15 Oct, and 19 were over Yartor Down on 14 Jan. Breeding was confirmed in a Scots pine at Owley Bottom, but there was no breeding at Great Links Tor this year. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

COAL TIT. Confirmed breeding records included a pair in a nest box at Dunsford, and the more usual site of a stone wall at Trowlesworthy. A flock of 30 was in Burrator arboretum on 6 Jan. Compared to 2018, fewer pairs at Dunsford, but more at Fingle. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

MARSH TIT. Signs of an increase with 10 pairs at Fingle, cf. two in 2018, and records from 8/20 South Brent gardens during the 2019/20 winter, cf. 6/30 in 2018/19. Breeding confirmed at Portworthy. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

WILLOW TIT. The only record was of one seen and heard at Lower Prewley Moor, Sourton, on 4 Aug (DS), just outside the DNPA, but within the area covered by this report.

BLUE TIT. At Dunsford, a total of 47 pairs was slightly down on the record 51 pairs in 2018, perhaps reflecting low fledging success in 2018, but still well above the post-1990 mean of 29.4 pairs. A total of 334 pairs nested in Dartmoor boxes monitored under the PiedFly nest box scheme. At Druid Wood 46 young fledged from 72 eggs laid in 10 boxes, and at Shaugh Prior, 20 fledged from 43 eggs in six nests. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

GREAT TIT. At Druid Wood, 24 young fledged from 35 eggs in six boxes, and at Shaugh Prior 10 fledged from 17 eggs in four nests. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

WOODLARK. Seen and heard at two sites in the Teign Valley, on 6 Jun and 7 Oct (TW). 2017 & 2018 additions. One singing at night on 13 Jun 2017 and another during the day on 23 Dec 2018 in the Teign Valley (both TW) were the first on Dartmoor since one at Holne Moor in Oct 2014.

SKYLARK. There were no records until singing was first heard on 11 Feb, and only two after 23 Oct, the last a single on Shell Top on 25 Dec. The highest counts were of 60 on 17 Sep at Merrivale and Whitchurch Common and 53 at Ditsworthy on 14 Jun, but with no indication given of whether these were flocks. A few migrants were noted going over in late Oct and early Nov. See also Appendix 3.

SAND MARTIN. The first was on 30 Mar at Lambs Down (the only record away from the R Plym and clay pit area in SW Dartmoor), the last on 17 Sep at Trowlesworthy. Breeding was confirmed at Cadover where 30 ads and juvs were present on 23 Jun, and later an easterly movement of 50 in small groups occurred on 14 Sep. At nearby Wigford Down there were 20 on 24 Aug, and at Portworthy the max counts were 30+ on 27 Apr and 25 on 3 Aug.

SWALLOW. The first was on 19 Mar at Bench Tor, the last on 13 Oct at Soussons. Counts >50 comprised: 500 at Laughter Tor on 19 Sep; 150 at Soussons on 15 Jul; 120 E at Cadover on 14 Sep; 100 at Wigford Down on 24 Aug; and 100 at Meavy on 26 Aug. Counts of nests included 11 pairs at Challacombe, with breeding also at Christow, Harford, South Brent, Trowlesworthy and Venford and at the isolated pump house 1 km below the Avon Dam. See also Appendices 3 and 4.

HOUSE MARTIN. The first was on 13 Apr at South Brent, the last on 4 Oct at Christow. Counts of >50 comprised: 200 at Fernworthy on 20 Sep; 80 at Buckfastleigh on 6 Sep; 60 at Laughter Tor on 19 Sep; and 50 at Christow on 4 Oct. Confirmed breeding was only recorded from Challacombe, Christow and South Brent (village centre, new housing estate and Zempson). One well away from habitation on Hangingstone Hill on 7 May was presumably a migrant. See also Appendix 3.

LONG-TAILED TIT. Confirmed breeding at Clearbrook, Goodameavy, Portworthy and Shaugh Prior. Maximum flock size was 14, at both Hembury Woods and Portworthy in Nov. Murder mystery: one lying dead on a boulder on the open moor at Taw Head on 10 Nov. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

WILLOW WARBLER. The first was on 25 Mar at Moorgate, the only Mar record, the last on 7 Oct at Emsworthy. The highest count was 24 at Portworthy on 19 Apr. Breeding was confirmed at Brent Hill, Cadover, Challacombe, Clearbrook and Venford. Five pairs at Dunsford was typical of recent years, but 30 at Fingle represented a large increase from 13 in 2018. See also Appendices 2, 3, 4 and 5.

CHIFFCHAFF. Numbers were up at Bridford with 48 caught during Apr–Jun compared to only eight all year in 2018, and there were small increases at both Dunsford and Fingle. Winter records comprised two in Jan, at South Brent WTW and Yarner, and two in Dec, at two sites near South Brent. After an absence in Feb, the first of 17 records in

Mar was on 9 Mar at Parke, the last of six in Oct being on 28 Oct at Two Bridges, followed by an absence in Nov. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

IBERIAN CHIFFCHAFF. One at Dunsford Woods on 29 Apr (DJP) was Dartmoor’s second record. Accepted by BBRC.

WOOD WARBLER. In the Dartmoor Wood Warbler Project (Castelló & Burgess 2020) breeding occurred at only three of 24 sites surveyed cf. 14 out of 27 in 2018. These sites have all been breeding sites in at least one year since 2012 when there were 150 singing males. The first was on 20 Apr in the Bovey Valley. In 2019 there were only 16 singing males, cf. 39 in 2018 and the lowest total since the project began. The 29 nests monitored (including replacement nests and those of eight polyterritorial males) produced 88 fledged young. No breeding occurred in the Bovey and Teign Valleys, only in the Dart. Predation rate was 45%. On the plus side, 12% of the colour-ringed young from 2018, were found in 2019 (photo, p 6), the highest recruitment rate since the survey began. One male made a brief appearance at Fingle on 21 Apr, but there were none at all at Dunsford (cf. up to 12 pairs in the 1980s), and this typifies the current state of this species. Away from the usual areas one was singing in the Yealm Valley on 14 May. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

SEDGE WARBLER. After an absence in 2018, there were two records: at Ditsworthy on 14 Jun (NST&NAT) and Warren House on 14 Aug (RJH), the latter presumably a migrant.

GRASSHOPPER WARBLER. The first was on 22 Apr at Trowlesworthy, the last on 7 Jul near Two Bridges, though on 4 Aug at Lower Prewley, just outside the DNP boundary, juv alarm calls were heard. Reeling was also heard at: Challacombe, Dendles Waste, Dockwell Ridge, Foxtor Mire, Muddilake, Postbridge (Archerton & Tor View), Soussons and Water Hill. In addition to submitted records, dedicated searching revealed 30 active nests in the Princetown area, cf. 11 in 2018 (JS, pers. comm.). See also Appendix 5.

BLACKCAP. At Dunsford, 24 pairs, cf. 17 in 2018, broke the previous record of 19 in 2015 and continued the run of high counts since 2014 (cf. a mean of 7.4 for the 1990s and 2000s). There was also an increase at Fingle, with 159 territories, cf. 75 in 2018. The first spring arrival was probably on 23 March at Portworthy, one of three in late Mar, and well after the last garden record of wintering birds on 7 Mar. There were only two records in Oct, the last on 15th at the Avon Dam, and none in either Nov or Dec. In Jan–Mar, recorded in gardens in Christow (including one in song on 17 Feb) and South Brent (at least four different gardens) and Yarner. The highest count was 30+ at Yarner on 19 Apr, with good numbers reported at many sites, though the only nest found was at Dunsford. Natural food included ivy Hedera hibernica berries in South Brent in Apr and Pyracantha sp. berries at Shaugh Prior in Sep. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 5.

GARDEN WARBLER. Recorded at nine sites in Apr, with the first on the 18th at Yarner. No records after one at Challacombe on 29 Jul. Recorded from 24 sites in total, with confirmed breeding only at Challacombe, and mostly as one–three singing males, but there were four at Hembury Fort/Woods and ‘up to double-figures’ at Soussons. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 5.

WHITETHROAT. The first was on 20 Apr at Emsworthy, the last on 26 Aug on Brent Hill. Other than in South Brent (records from 18 out of 52 parish monads), records came from only eight sites: Becka Brook, Challacombe, Emsworthy, Haytor, Hexworthy, Soussons, Trendlebeare, Two Bridges and Warren House. There were three territories at Fingle, cf. one in 2018. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

DARTFORD WARBLER. Even fewer than in 2018, with just four records of singing males on Roborough Down in Feb (two birds), Apr and May (PHA, RJH, RS), an area again subjected to heavy swaling (see under Linnet).

FIRECREST. In contrast to 2018, when all records were between 12 Jan and 27 Feb, prior to the cold spell, all but one of the seven records were during Sep–Dec and mostly in gardens, as follows: 2 Feb at Yarner (two); 18 Sep at Hexworthy; 3 Oct at South Brent (Moorland Park); 22 Oct at Buckfastleigh; 24 Oct at Shipley Bridge; 7 Nov at Buckfastleigh; 22 Nov at South Brent (Clobells); and 27 Dec at Sigford.

GOLDCREST. The only confirmed breeding was at Owley Moorgate, and the highest counts were from Portworthy, with 30+ from the entire site on 14 Oct and 25+ on 14 Sep. There were four pairs at Dunsford, still down after the 2018 cold spell, and 168 at Fingle, cf. 78 in 2018. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 5.

WREN. Breeding was confirmed at Owley, Shaugh Prior and Warren House. The highest count was 216 territories at Fingle, but there were also 123 at Ausewell, 30 at Dunsford and 24 at Portworthy. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

NUTHATCH. At Dunsford five pairs was the highest since 1980 and higher than the average of two for the past 20. Breeding was confirmed at Druid Wood (both in a nest box and a mine chimney), Dunsford and Shaugh Prior. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

TREECREEPER. Among several scattered records throughout the year, an ad feeding a juv at Soussons on 14 Jul provided the only confirmation of breeding. See also Appendix 3.

STARLING. Surprisingly, the only record of confirmed breeding was from South Brent village, where several pairs nested. Counts >100 comprised: 5,000 roosting at Okehampton Camp on 31 Dec; 1,000 at Merrivale and Whitchurch in Oct; 500 flying W north of Brent Hill in Nov; 400 at Dunnabridge in Oct; 300 in pasture below Brent Hill in Oct; a max of 300 roosting in bamboos at Buckfast in Jan; 200 roosting in bamboos below Aish Ridge in Jan; and 200 on Wigford Down in Oct. See also Appendix 3.

RING OUZEL. The Dartmoor Ring Ouzel Survey (Freshney 2019a) located six pairs, with at least two successful. The sites in NW Dartmoor included the stronghold of Tavy Cleave and former stronghold of West Okement. The small and declining population has now been stable at six to seven pairs since 2016. The first of spring was at Canonteign Falls on 2 Apr, with other Apr records coming from: Tavy Cleave on 7th (two); West Okement on 11th; Bonehill Rocks on 18th; and Bellever on 28th. The last on a breeding site was at Tavy Cleave on 1 Aug. The first of autumn was a vocal male near the Avon Dam on 15 Sep before the main autumn influx during 3–28 Oct, with a max count of 29. Birds occurred as follows: Avon Valley above Shipley. 3–24 Oct, max 16 on 16th; Combestone Tor, at least five on 19 Oct and two on 21st; Emsworthy, 7–28 Oct, max 10 on 19th (photo, p 6); Glaze Valley above Moorgate, 14–28 Oct, max 16 on 20th; Mardon Down, two on 22nd; Merrivale, two on 20th, Scorriton Down, max 29 (groups of 16 and 13) on 19th; and Yealm Steps, one on 20th.

BLACKBIRD. At Dunsford 28 pairs (cf. 22–27 in the previous three years and a post-1990 mean of 18) was the highest yet recorded there (DJP). The highest count was 58 around Cornwood and High House Waste on 29 Apr, but those from a more specific area Included 22 at Poundsgate on 18 Apr; 20+ in the Avon Valley above Shipley on 14 Oct; and 17 on the whole Portworthy site on 18 Nov. Confirmed breeding records included those from Burrator, Christow, Clearbrook, Goodameavy, Shaugh Prior and South Brent. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

FIELDFARE. There were records from four sites in Apr, including 20 near Brent Hill on the 2nd, and the last at Crownhill Down on the 24th. The first return was on 20 Oct with 20 near the Avon Dam. In Jan–Apr, counts >50 came from only five sites, the highest being 150 at Dunnabridge on 1 Jan and 100 at Ringmoor on 17 Feb. In Oct– Dec counts >50 came from 15 sites, the highest being 500 SW over Buckfastleigh on 9 Nov, with flocks of 200 at Emsworthy on 22 Oct, Trowlesworthy on 9 Dec and Hennock/Christow on 15 Dec. Other flocks >100 were at Cadover and Owley in Oct, Bellever in Nov and Postbridge in Dec. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

REDWING. The last was near Brent Hill on 2 Apr, the only Apr record, and the first record of autumn was 50 at Emsworthy on 7 Oct. In Jan–Apr there were only two counts >50: 200 at Pudsham Down on 12 Jan and 100 at Headon Quarry on 3 Feb, but in Oct–Dec there were six: 600 over Cadover on 31 Oct; 500 SW over Buckfastleigh on 9 Nov; 150 at Hembury on 17 Nov; 80 at South Brent on 1 Nov; and 50 at Emsworthy on 7 Oct. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

SONG THRUSH. Breeding was confirmed at Clearbrook, Goodameavy (three successful), Owley Moorgate and Shaugh Prior. The first song of autumn was on 19 Nov in South Brent, and in the early part of the year heard from

21 many sites, including the top end of Fernworthy Plantation at over 400 m asl. A probable migrant was above the Avon Dam on 2 Oct, and a bird fed on ivy berries in a South Brent garden on 26 Apr. Six pairs at Dunsford, showed little change over the last five years, but 43 at Fingle showed an increase from 29 in 2018, and in South Brent parish there were records from more squares in both Jan and May than in any other year since 2014. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

MISTLE THRUSH. The largest flocks were: a max of 43 at Crownhill Down, and 42 at Combstone Tor, both on 4 Sep; 30 at Soussons on 14 Jul; 20 at Emsworthy on 7 Oct; and 20 at Rippon Tor (all in one rowan tree) on 9 Jul. The first song of autumn was on 20 Nov in South Brent. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

SPOTTED FLYCATCHER. The first was on 29 Apr at Yarner, the only Apr record, the last on 15 Sep at Lambs Down. Recorded from about 15 sites in May–Jun, with confirmed breeding at Sigford (photo, p 6), South Brent (predated by Jay) and Shaugh Prior, and probable breeding from several others. One at the Avon Dam on 1 Jun was presumably a late migrant, those near Christow and South Brent on 27 Jul possibly the first of autumn, but no others were reported until 10 Aug, and then only from seven sites on 10 dates with a max of five birds at Crownhill Down on 25th. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

ROBIN. At Dunsford there were 33 pairs, still showing no recovery from the 55 in 2016, but still the second most common breeding species after Blue Tit. Confirmed breeding records were reported only from Cadover, Clearbrook, South Brent and Shaugh Prior. Counts of up to 46 were reported (from Cornwood, High House Waste and Piles Copse in Mar) among casual records, but there were over 100 territories at both Ausewell and Fingle. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

PIED FLYCATCHER. The PiedFly network (MDB) embraced 23 Dartmoor sites comprising a total of 1,361 nest boxes, in which 253 pairs produced 1,213 fledged young, with sites producing >50 young as follows: Bridford (85), Brook Manor (97), East Dartmoor NNR (478), Meldon (77), Sampford Spiney (62) and Steps Bridge/Dunsford (126). At the latter site, a total of 28 pairs equalled the highest count since 1980, and at Fingle there were 22 pairs, cf. 10 in 2018. Other sites with successful breeding included the Glaze Valley, and possible at Emsworthy (records on 7 May & 3 Jun) and Ilsington Silver Wood, two singing on 25 May. The first birds were on 6 Apr at several sites, and there were no spring records away from actual or likely breeding sites. The last was on 8 Sep at Peter Tavy, the only Sep record, following two on Brent Hill on 12 Aug, and one at Crownhill Down on 25 & 26 Aug. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

BLACK REDSTART. Four records of single birds over a few days in autumn were at: Didworthy on 25 Oct; South Brent (Underhill), a male on 31 Oct & 1 Nov; Sigford on 2 Nov; and South Brent (Clobells), a juv/female on 3 Nov.

REDSTART. The first was on 8 Apr at Emsworthy, the last on 19 Sep on Brent Hill. Records came from over 40 sites overall, but only 13 in Jul, six in Aug and two in Sep. The first autumn migrants, or at least dispersing juvs, were on 3 Jul on Brent Hill, the max count being four at Headland Warren on 11 Aug. Breeding was confirmed at Black Pool, Brisworthy, Challacombe (two in boxes), Dunsford, Emsworthy, Lustleigh Cleave, Natsworthy Manor, Soussons (present in 11 areas on 14 Jul, young being fed in three (RS)) and White Wood, and probable at around 20 others. Four pairs at Dunsford was typical of recent years, and contrasts with one or zero pairs pre–2010. There were nine pairs at Fingle, cf. five in 2018. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

WHINCHAT. The first was on 19 Apr at Challacombe, with Apr records from four other sites, the last on 13 Sep on Brent Hill, one of only three Sep records, but migrants were also recorded at six sites in the second half of Aug. A migrant was at Trowlesworthy on 4 May (photo, p 6). The highest count was 21 at Statts Bridge, including 11 juvs, on 29 Jun. Breeding was also confirmed at Warren House/Vitifer, Lambs Down, Belstone Tors, Challacombe, Soussons, Postbridge area, Taw Marsh and Venford, and probable at Burrator, Headland Warren and Tavy Cleave. At Venford only one pair bred, cf. 20 pairs only a few years ago, and the nest was predated (CRT). See also Appendices 3 and 4.

STONECHAT. Recorded in all months, but at only six sites in Jan and three in Dec. The highest reported count was 20 at Venford on 28 Jul but the area covered was not given, cf. 16 at Crownhill Down on 28 Aug which were in a single loose flock. Widely reported, but the only records off the moor were from Brent Hill and adjacent farmland (adults in Feb and Mar and adults and juveniles often in family parties Jul–Oct, with a max count of 10 on 10 Oct). Breeding was confirmed from Cadover, Clearbrook, Crownhill Down, Haytor, Headland Warren, Trendlebeare, Trowlesworthy and Wigford Down. See also Appendices 3 and 4.

WHEATEAR. The first were on 17 Mar at both Crownhill Down and Dunnabridge, plus eight other sites in Mar, and the last on 20 Oct at Dunnabridge, the only Oct record. Max counts included: 23 at Princetown on 17 Sep; 18 at Didsworthy on 14 Jun; a max of 13 at Trowlesworthy on 11 Jun; 12 at Saddle Tor/Haytor on 21 Apr; and 10 at Headland Warren on 11 Aug. Recorded from about 35 sites in May–Jul, but breeding confirmed at only Cadover, Challacombe, Chinkwell Tor, Haytor, Pil Tor and Trowlesworthy. Two observers (VRT and MLHS) commented on numbers being lower than usual although there was some recovery from even lower numbers at some sites in 2018. Records from 12 sites in Sep were presumably all of migrants, although all were on the moor apart from Brent Hill. See also Appendices 3 and 4. There were no records of Greenland Wheatear.

DIPPER. Confirmed breeding was reported from rivers: Avon (Lydia Bridge, Penstave Copse, Shipley Bridge and Woolholes Bridge); Dart (Hembury Woods, Holne Chase and R Dart County Park (two prs)); Meavy (Goodameavy); Plym (Cadover and Shaugh Prior); and Tavy (Tavy Cleave). Breeding was also probable on the Dart at Dartmeet, Newbridge and Spitchwick. Other records came from Rivers Bovey, Lemon, Okement (East & West), Teign and Walkham, from Portworthy in Feb, Mar and Oct and in a small stream crossing a field at Didworthy in Nov after heavy rain. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

HOUSE SPARROW. Breeding probable occurred in most villages and farms, but only confirmed at Christow, South Brent (two sites) and Sticklepath. Counts of 43 between Burrator & Sheepstor in Jul and 47 around Cornwood in Mar presumably comprised small flocks. In a Christow garden around 40 were present all year, using at least four nest boxes including a Swift box (FF). See also Appendix 3.

DUNNOCK. There were 10 pairs at Fingle, cf. four in 2018, and 19 winter records. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

YELLOW WAGTAIL. The only records came from the regular site near Brent Hill, with seven among Pied/White Wagtails in pasture at Overbrent Farm on 27 Aug and one on 31st (PJR).

GREY WAGTAIL. Widely recorded from most rivers, with a max count of 10 at Parke in Jun, including seven juvs, and breeding was confirmed only at Goodameavy, Hembury and Parke, but probable at many other sites. Recorded in 7/20 South Brent gardens during the 2019/20 winter, cf. 3/30 in 2018/19. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

PIED/WHITE WAGTAIL. Confirmed breeding only reported from Owley and Sigford. The only roost located was again in bamboos at the edge of South Brent village, with 70 on 8 Jan, but not used thereafter; up to 38 gathering in the area in late Feb headed to another, unknown roost site. The only other counts >20 comprised: 40 at Rundlestone on 1 Oct; 27 at Trowlesworthy on 3 Aug; and 20 at Foggintor on 13 Sep. Recorded in 12/20 South Brent gardens during the 2019/20 winter, cf. 23/30 in 2018/19. See also Appendix 3 and 4. The only contenders for White Wagtail were on the Avon Dam wall on 14 and 18 Sep.

MEADOW PIPIT. Recorded from only five sites in Jan and 10 in Dec, mostly single figure counts and often just one bird, but at Trowlesworthy there were 11 on 27 Jan and 15 on 4 Dec. The largest counts were in autumn: 200 at Rippon Tor on 1 Oct; 80 at Down Tor on 3 Sep; and 50 at both Merrivale on 17 Sep and Trowlesworthy on 1 Oct. The only nest reported was near Great links Tor, but birds carrying food were seen at many places. Although there were a few autumn and winter records from fields and gardens, breeding away from the moor was only reported from Brent Hill where birds were present from 26 Mar to 2 Dec. See also Appendix 3 and 4.

TREE PIPIT. The first was on 12 Apr at Trendlebeare, one of nine sites in Apr, the last on 4 Sep over Crownhill Down. This was the only Sep record, but in Aug seven birds were noted over Crownhill Down on four dates 21–30 Aug. Birds were recorded at about 20 moorland sites in May–Jul, mostly singing, and young were seen at Black Pool in Jul. At Fingle, there were only three pairs, cf. six in 2018. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

CHAFFINCH. The largest flock by far was 200 at Soussons on 26 Oct, followed by a max of 90 at Brisworthy on 17 Dec. Ten pairs at Dunsford was up on the seven of 2018, but still well below the post-1990 mean of 16.5. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

BRAMBLING. There were no records for the first winter period. The first of autumn was at Two Bridges on 28 Oct, followed by one among Chaffinches at Brisworthy on 18 Nov and another in a South Brent (Aish) garden in Nov. In Dec there were further records from: Brisworthy with a max of five on 17 Dec; one or two among Chaffinches at Challacombe, Kennick and Widecombe; and one over Portworthy on the 15th.

[HAWFINCH]. No 2019 records. 2017 & 2018 additions. Five at Buckfastleigh on 27 Oct 2017, and one there on 22 Jan 2018 (MD).

BULLFINCH. The max count was seven in a South Brent garden in Dec. At Fingle, there were 13 pairs, cf. four in 2018. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

COMMON ROSEFINCH. A juv/female on a garden feeder in South Brent on 19 Nov (JJD; photo, p 6), was the third record for Dartmoor, following singles in May, also in gardens, at Sampford Spiney in 2007 and Princetown in 2012.

GREENFINCH. The max count was 20 at Buckfastleigh on 23 Jan. In South Brent recorded in only seven out of 52 parish monads in May, the lowest since 2014, but records came from 14/20 gardens during the 2019/20 winter. See also Appendix 3 and 4.

LINNET. Essentially a summer visitor to most of Dartmoor, there were no records in Jan, Nov or Dec. The first of two records in Feb were nine at Headon Quarry on 3rd, and the last of four Oct records were five at Mardon Down on 22nd. Breeding was confirmed at Clearbrook, where only three nests were found, cf. 12 in 2018, largely due to the ‘horrific amount of burning on Roborough Down’ (RJH, SMT). Recorded from almost 50 sites on both moorland and farmland, the highest counts being: 100 in flock on farmland below Brent Hill on 9 Jun; 40 at both Emsworthy on 4 Jul and Venford on 28 Jul; and a total of 24 at Crownhill Down on 30 Aug. See also Appendices 2, 3 and 4.

LESSER REDPOLL. Recorded in all months apart from Sep, but from just three sites in Jan and two in Dec, with the only counts >20 coming from Yarner in Feb with max of 55 on 11th. Recorded from around 35 sites in total, with probably breeding at Avon Dam, Blackslade Mire, Langaford, Soussons, Venford and Yarner. Below the Avon Dam, where previously only recorded in Apr–Jul, nine on 15 Oct and three on 20th were presumed migrants. Records came from only two other sites in Oct, one in Nov and two in Dec. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

CROSSBILL. Recorded from 12 sites in nine months, mostly in Jan and Oct–Dec. The main sites and maximum counts are tabulated. The overall max was 40 at Burrator on 5 Dec, with some singing (VRT). No confirmed breeding. Additional records from untabulated sites were from: Bench Tor, three in Jan, five in Nov; Brisworthy, one over in Nov; Chagford Common, four in Feb; Easdon Down, one in May; Huccaby, singing in Dec; Kennick, eight in Jan; Langworthy, one in Jul; South Brent (Stidston), one over in Apr; Yarner, one in Feb. See also Appendix 2.

Crossbill J F M A M J J A S O N D Bellever 1 2 ------20 30 20 Burrator 24 - - - - - 16 - - - 25 40 Fernworthy - 8 - - P - - P - P - P Fingle 5 ------17 - Soussons 10 2 17 - - - 4 - - 27 13 - Other 8 4 - - 1 - 1 - - - 1 -

GOLDFINCH. Confirmed breeding reported only from Cadover and Clearbrook. Flocks > 25 from 10 sites including: 70 at South Brent in Oct; a max of 50 at Crownhill Down in Aug; 45 at Burrator in Nov; 38 in a Christow garden in Feb; and 30 from Bagga Tor in Oct, Brent Hill in Aug, Portworthy in Nov, Princetown in Oct & Trowlesworthy in Sep. In South Brent recorded in 34 out of 52 parish monads in May, the highest since 2014, and records came from 19/20 gardens during the 2019/20 winter. See also Appendix 3 and 4.

SISKIN. Maximum counts included: 70 at White Wood in Sep; 30 at Fingle in Nov; 20 at Burrator in Jan; and 10–15 at the Avon Dam in Oct, Fernworthy in Feb, Portworthy in Jan, South Brent in Nov, Venford in Dec & Yarner in Feb. Five were at the top of the forest at Fernworthy on 23 Dec. Seven pairs at Dunsford was typical for the years since colonization in 2010, but at Fingle there were 11, cf. six in 2018. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

YELLOWHAMMER. No records in Sep, Oct or Nov, no confirmed breeding and a max count of only 15, at Cantrell in Feb. There were records from over 25 sites, mostly of singing males, during Apr–Jul, but in Jan the only records were from South Brent and in Dec only from Brisworthy and Yartor Down, where c.10 at dawn had probably been roosting nearby. See also Appendices 2 and 3.

CIRL BUNTING. Three records of a singing male, the first since 2016, from Site A on 20-22 May (PJR), c. 10km NNW at Site B on 17 Jun (RHi) and a further c. 10 km NNE on 22-23 Jun. A minor invasion or a single wanderer moving N?

REED BUNTING. Surveys. In South Brent recorded in two out of 52 parish monads in Jan and six in May, and in 3/20 gardens during the 2019/20 winter. No records from Ausewell, Dunsford or Fingle. Other records. Only from Avon Dam, Cadover and South Brent (garden) in Jan, and none in Dec. Recorded from about 20 sites Apr–Jul, but no confirmed breeding, and a max count of only six, at the Avon Dam in Oct.

SNOW BUNTING. After an absence of records in 2018, one was at Challacombe on 17 Nov (PW).

OTHER SPECIES. The only other species recorded were a MUSCOVY DUCK at Burrator in Jan, Jun and Jul, and two refugees from releases for shooting at Hexworthy: a female REEVES’S PHEASANT in Mar and a RED-LEGGED PARTRIDGE in Dec.

Goosanders. River Dart. May 2019. RHi

Appendix 1. Dartmoor 2019. Waterbirds. Maximum counts for each species at each of the main sites incorporating WeBS and casual counts. Species maxima in bold.

Group Reservoirs Clay pits Ponds

Site

AvonDam Burrator Fernworthy Hennock Meldon Venford Pits ECC Porworthy Lakes Shaugh Horsham Lakes SBrent Other

WeBS counter PJR HA MC DJP IB RHi RJL CJE CJE DAR PJR Canada Goose 7 45 47 3 22 2 60 106 9 5 5 17 Mute Swan 6 1 2 Shelduck 5 Mandarin Duck 19 2 2 15 Shoveler 3 Gadwall 1 Wigeon 11 28 Mallard 18 163 35 58 9 22 38 94 11 3 36 8 Pintail 3 Teal 26 14 3 38 103 2 2 Red-crested Pochard 1 Ring-necked Duck 1 Tufted Duck 3 5 16 38 13 2 2 1 Goosander 31 13 12 24 8 19 3 1 14 Little Grebe 3 4 3 6 17 7 2 3 3 2 Great Crested Grebe 2 4 5 2 Grey Heron 2 2 2 2 4 2 1 Little Egret 1 Cormorant 1 16 4 9 1 1 1 1 Moorhen 6 2 7 10 1 2 9 2 Coot 5 32 1 Oystercatcher 1 Lapwing 2 100 Golden Plover 400 Little Ringed Plover 2 2 2 Whimbrel 1 Curlew 2 Black-tailed Godwit 9 Dunlin 2 Woodcock 4 Jack Snipe 1 Snipe 6 9 Common Sandpiper 1 2 1 4 1 2 Redshank 2 Green Sandpiper 2 1 Wood Sandpiper 1 Greenshank 2 Black-headed Gull 21 125 63 16 Mediterranean Gull 1 Common Gull 300 1 Great Black-backed Gull 2 2 1 2 20 5 Herring Gull 200 48 75 1 5 1200 1 500 Lesser Black-backed Gull 2 4 112 40 NUMBER OF SPECIES 10 16 13 10 5 10 12 30 11 7 8

Appendix 2. Dartmoor 2019. Woodland birds survey data. For further details of each survey see Appendix 4. All refer to 2019 except Fingle Winter which refers to the 2019/20 winter. As well as showing the numbers of pairs/territories, notable increases and decreases have also been indicated. In the case of Dunsford Woods, the criterion used by DJP is, in most cases, a 75% increase (green) or decrease (red) from the 1980–2018 mean. The surveys at Fingle Woods have occurred over a much shorter timescale and so the increases and decreases are based on a 50% divergence from the previous year, again using green for increases and red for decreases.

P = species with an intermittent presence have just been identified as present but probably not breeding. NC = not counted (just Woodpigeon as their breeding season extends well beyond the bounds of the other species so are not comparable). Numbers in parentheses () refer to territories only partially in the study area at Dunsford, for species with no full territories.

Note that Wood Warbler has been included even though none were recorded. The zero at Dunsford reflects not only the fourth consecutive year without breeding, but the first year that none were even recorded, cf. 10–15 breeding pairs in the 1980s. Similarly, at Fingle there were 15 territories in 2014, but in 2019 just one early singing male.

BBS BBS

SURVEY SURVEY

Woods BBS Woods BBS Woods

Ausewell Dunsford Woods Fingle BS Winter Woods Fingle Ausewell Dunsford Woods Fingle BS Winter Woods Fingle SURVEY AREA (km2) 1.38 0.57 3.39 3.39 SURVEY AREA (km2) 1.38 0.57 3.39 3.39

MEASUREMENT total pairs/territories records MEASUREMENT total pairs/territories records

Pheasant P 3 Whitethroat P 3 Sparrowhawk P Goldcrest 105 4 168 173 Buzzard 1 P 4 15 Wren 123 30 216 196 Woodcock 6 Nuthatch 4 5 6 Stock Dove 2 P Treecreeper 3 2 2 7 Woodpigeon NC NC NC 44 Blackbird 22 28 61 90 Cuckoo 1 1 Fieldfare 3 Tawny Owl P 5 Redwing 16 Nightjar 1 Song Thrush 17 6 43 27 L. Spotted Woodpecker (1) 3 1 Mistle Thrush 4 (1) 13 22 G. Spotted. Woodpecker 4 5 6 37 Spotted Flycatcher 4 3 4 Green Woodpecker 1 (2) Robin 117 33 174 133 Jay 5 1 7 18 Pied Flycatcher 21 28 22 Magpie 1 Redstart 4 4 9 Carrion Crow 1 NC 13 Dipper 1 1 5 21 Raven 4 19 Dunnock 1 1 10 19 Coal Tit 91 9 115 382 Grey Wagtail 5 1 6 10 Marsh Tit 6 (2) 10 31 Tree Pipit 2 1 3 Blue Tit 20 47 39 179 Chaffinch 32 10 42 75 Great Tit 9 8 7 38 Bullfinch 13 (1) 13 28 Long-tailed Tit 7 1 10 41 Linnet 2 2 1 Wood Warbler 0 P Lesser Redpoll 13 Willow Warbler 49 5 72 Crossbill 1 18 Chiffchaff 15 11 30 Goldfinch 1 10 Blackcap 89 24 159 Siskin 12 7 11 78 Garden Warbler (2) 1 Yellowhammer 1 2 TOTAL SPECIES 47 40 69 36

Appendix 3. Dartmoor 2019. South Brent survey data. For further details of the surveys see Appendix 3. Data for the Parish Bird Survey are for Jan & Mar 2019, and for the Garden Bird Survey for the 2019/20 winter (Oct–Apr).For the Parish Survey: green = highest (or equal highest) since 2014; red = lowest (or equal lowest) since 2014

SURVEY Parish Survey Garden Bird Survey SURVEY Parish Survey Garden Bird Survey

MEASUREMENT Number of squares No. of gardens MEASUREMENT Number of squares No. of gardens JAN MAY JAN MAY Canada Goose 1 9 Blackcap 5 31 8 Mallard 8 12 Garden Warbler 9 Pheasant 12 23 5 Whitethroat 18 Little Grebe 4 Firecrest 3 Grey Heron 8 3 Goldcrest 8 1 8 Sparrowhawk 7 4 10 Wren 26 47 19 Buzzard 32 23 Nuthatch 19 9 17 Moorhen 7 7 Treecreeper 8 5 7 Golden Plover 3 Starling 22 9 12 Woodcock 7 Blackbird 38 40 20 Snipe 8 2 Fieldfare 7 Herring Gull 28 16 7 Redwing 25 6 Stock Dove 8 15 3 Song Thrush 27 35 13 Woodpigeon 32 39 19 Mistle Thrush 12 10 6 Collared Dove 15 20 17 Sp.Flycatcher 2 Cuckoo 16 Robin 38 39 19 Tawny Owl 6 6 8 Pied Flycatcher 1 Swift 2 Redstart 2 Kingfisher 2 1 Whinchat 3 G S Woodpecker 11 13 15 Stonechat 2 20 Green Woodpecker 4 6 5 Wheatear 8 Kestrel 2 5 Dipper 8 5 Peregrine 3 1 House Sparrow 20 27 17 Jay 16 13 16 Dunnock 19 29 19 Magpie 35 31 20 Grey Wagtail 8 11 7 Jackdaw 32 31 19 Pied Wagtail 13 14 12 Rook 13 17 12 Meadow Pipit 5 19 1 Carrion Crow 46 51 10 Tree Pipit 6

Raven 28 19 2 Chaffinch 27 42 20

Coal Tit 18 12 20 Bullfinch 10 11 15 Marsh Tit 6 2 8 Greenfinch 4 7 14 Blue Tit 37 37 20 Linnet 15 Great Tit 30 30 20 Lesser Redpoll 3 Skylark 1 34 Goldfinch 16 34 19 Swallow 31 Siskin 5 4 6 House Martin 10 Yellowhammer 2 13 3 Long-tailed Tit 15 13 18 Reed Bunting 2 6 3 Willow Warbler 24 Chiffchaff 1 28 TOTAL SPECIES 67 79 63

Appendix 4. Dartmoor 2019. Summary of nest records from RJH and SMT, showing number of nests and total number of eggs and fledged young for each species/site. + = minimum number

Species Site Nests Eggs Fledged Comment Blackbird Burrator 1 3 3 Clearbrook 1 3 2 Goodameavy 2 3 2 Shaugh Prior 8 22 13 Blue Tit Goodameavy 1 2+ 2 Shaugh Prior 6 43 20 Carrion Crow Cadover 1 4 0 Hatched but apparently predated Venford 1 4+ 4 Warren House/Vitifer area 1 2+ 2 Yellowmeade/Foggintor 1 4 0 Hatched but apparently predated Chaffinch Venford 1 1 0 Egg apparently predated Warren House/Vitifer area 3 10+ 9 Chiffchaff Burrator 1 5 5 Collared Dove Shaugh Prior 1 2 0 Eggs failed to hatch Dipper Cadover 1 4+ 4 Goodameavy 1 4 4 Shipley Bridge 1 5 5 Goldfinch Cadover 1 5 5 Clearbrook 1 3+ 3 Great Tit Shaugh Prior 4 17 10 One brood failed to hatch Venford 1 6+ 6 Greenfinch Clearbrook 1 1 0 Egg damaged Grey Wagtail Goodameavy 1 1 0 Egg failed to hatch Linnet Clearbrook 3 14+ 14 Long-tailed Tit Clearbrook 1 6 6 Goodameavy 1 5+ 5 Shaugh Prior 1 6 4 Meadow Pipit Yellowmeade/Foggintor 1 3 3 Nuthatch Shaugh Prior 1 4 4 Pheasant Clearbrook 2 22 0 All eggs apparently predated Shaugh Prior 1 7+ 7 Pied Wagtail Yellowmeade/Foggintor 1 5 5 Robin Cadover 1 6 6 Clearbrook 1 4+ 4 Shaugh Prior 4 16+ 10 Song Thrush Clearbrook 1 1 0 Egg apparently abandoned Goodameavy 3 11+ 11 Shaugh Prior 4 11 6 One brood predated after fledging Spotted Flycatcher Shaugh Prior 1 4 2 Stonechat Cadover 1 5+ 5 Swallow Harford 2 8 7 Shaugh Prior 5 18+ 14 Shipley Bridge 1 4 0 Wotter 4 19 19 Tawny Owl Goodameavy 1 3 3 Wheatear Yellowmeade/Foggintor 2 6 6 Whinchat Warren House/Vitifer area 1 6 5 Willow Warbler Cadover 1 6+ 6 Challacombe 1 6+ 6 Clearbrook 2 6+ 11 Venford 4 23+ 10 Two broods predated after hatching Wren Shaugh Prior 2 11 6 One brood predated after hatching Warren House/Vitifer area 1 5 5

Appendix 5. Dartmoor 2019. Selected ringing recoveries involving birds ringed and/or recovered on Dartmoor. These were kindly provided by the Devon Birds Ringing Officer NCW. Dartmoor locations are in bold. Further details can be found on https://www.bto.org/our-science/projects/ringing/publications/online-ringing-reports .

Species Age/sex Ringed Recovered Distance Time (km) (days) Blackcap male Watercombe 21/5/2015 Challacombe 01/06/2019 20 1,472 Blackcap juvenile Bucks. 23/07/2019 Harford 16/09/2019 266 55 Blackcap juvenile Powys 01/08/2019 Harford 15/09/2019 262 45 Blackcap 1st yr male Portugal 13/10/2018 Bridford 30/04/2019 1,554 199 Garden Warbler female Isle of Wight 09/09/2018 Challacombe 01/06/2019 185 265 Grasshopper Warbler 1st yr Fernworthy 12/08/2019 Sussex 24/08/2019 322 12 Willow Warbler 1st yr S Milton Ley 01/08/2019 Brook Manor 12/08/2019 26 11 Goldcrest 1st yr female Lincs. 31/08/2019 Harford 01/11/2019 434 62 Goldcrest 1st yr male Swansea 12/10/2019 Brook Manor 20/10/2019 120 8

Grey Heron, juvenile. Venford. August 2019. RHi

Pied Flycatcher. Dendles Wood. May 2019. CJE (not necessarily a hole used for nesting (MDB))

Appendix 6. Dartmoor bird surveys and projects 2019. Bird research currently being undertaken on Dartmoor is summarised below and comprises mainly formal survey and monitoring projects organised into national (blue), Devon (pink) and Dartmoor (green) groupings (BBS = Breeding Bird Survey; one monad = 1 km2). Most of these are specific to Dartmoor, but there are also national and county projects which have a Dartmoor component. In addition, there are several informal, often long-term, studies which go well beyond casual recording. Some of these are essentially part of larger schemes such as the BTO’s Nest Recording and Ringing Schemes, but others are more independent and tend to focus either on species or sites. Examples include: studies on roosting Goosanders, Hen Harriers and Long-tailed Tits; studies on breeding Dippers, Goshawks, Grasshopper Warblers and Nightjars; and bird- recording at Huccaby, Moorgate (Wrangaton) and on regularly walked routes in the Burrator and Portworthy areas. At some point we would like to produce a full list of such studies, so would be happy to receive further details of any that are ongoing studies, particularly those not included above.

Survey name From Species Areas/sites Methodology Organisations Output (and contact)

BTO BBS 1993 All Randomly selected Two visits in BTO/RSPB/JNCC National reports, monads breeding season; with regional and two transects per county data on square BTO website

BTO Heronries 1928 Grey Heron All known heronries Occupied nests BTO DBR species Census and other counted during accounts herons breeding season

BTO Nest 1939 All Nest box schemes, and Recording BTO Nest record cards Record Scheme areas such as Holne information on to BTO, but RH & Moor, Clearbrook and nests, eggs and ST also submit Shaugh Prior nestlings nest details to Devon Birds

BTO Ringing 1937 All Nest box schemes and Ringing and BTO (NCW is All data to BTO, Scheme other nests. Mist-netting recording other Devon Birds and selected at Bridford, details of birds in Ringing Officer) records to Devon Challacombe, the hand. Also Birds, notably by Fernworthy, Glaze Valley reporting of ringed DJP for Bridford. and Sampford Spiney birds Ringing Reports in DBRs

Wetland Bird 1948 (as Water birds All main Dartmoor Monthly total BTO/RSPB/JNCC DBR species Survey (WeBS) National reservoirs, several clay counts (PJR) accounts, and Wildfowl pits and two private unpublished Counts) lakes annual Devon WeBS reports

Goosander 1991 Goosander Initially Dartmoor Synchronised None (PJR) DBR species Roost Surveys reservoirs but since monthly winter accounts, 2016 includes other counts at dawn unpublished Devon sites reports (Reay 2020) and Reay (2019)

PiedFly.Net 2011 Pied Nest-box schemes at Nest-recording, BTO; RSPB; DB; DBR species Flycatcher scattered sites in SW ringing and University of account and England (mainly geolocator studies Exeter (MDB) Ringing Report; Dartmoor) unpublished report

Spotted 2016 Spotted Specific traditional nest Tracking; fitting Devon DBR species Flycatcher flycatcher sites on Dartmoor (and geolocators and Birds/RSPB/BTO account Project wider Devon area) monitoring (MDB) returns

Ausewell Woods 2018 Woodland 138 ha of sessile oak and Counting, mapping National Trust & Unpublished BBS breeding conifer plantation in breeding Woodland Trust reports submitted birds Dart Valley (including territories/pairs (TW) to National Trust parts of Holne from six visits & Woodland

Woodlands SSSI), plus April–June Trust small areas of scrub and open heath

Dartmoor Mires 2010 Breeding Suitable/potentially No formal surveys DNPA/RSPB (HB) DNPA Project (DMP) Dunlin and suitable habitat for in 2019, but some commissioned other bog Dunlin on the north casual visits RSPB Survey species moor blanket bog undertaken Reports.

Survey name From Species Areas/sites Methodology Organisations Output (and contact)

Dartmoor 2018/19 Snipe Repeat of valley mires Targeted transect Dartmoor Unpublished Moorland Bird visited in 2008/09 plus walks 2 to 3 Moorland Bird report of both Project (DMBP) any other sites deemed abreast; locating Project (FF) 2018 & 2019 Snipe Survey likely to support Snipe pairs; proving seasons 2018/19 breeding; recording habitat

Dartmoor Ring 2018 Ring Ouzel Traditional/historic sites Repeat visits to Dartmoor DBR species Ouzel Survey (though mainly in NW Dartmoor. traditional sites; Moorland Bird account and 2018 original proving breeding - project (RSPB unpublished DMB RSPB mainly HB/FF) Report survey coordinated started in volunteer surveys 2010)

Dartmoor Wood 2012 Wood All known Dartmoor Nest-recording, RSPB; DB; BTO; Unpublished Warbler Project Warbler woodland sites ringing and Natural England reports and DBR geolocator studies (MDB) Ringing Reports

Drewsteignton 2003 Swift Nest box monitoring and Counting and NLD; MDB Parish Magazine Swift Project ringing ringing updates; paper pending

Dunsford Woods 1980 Woodland 57 ha of woodland and Counting and DWT (DJP) DBR species BBS breeding heath mapping breeding accounts and birds territories/pairs unpublished from repeated reports visits

Fingle Woods 2014 Woodland 339 ha of mainly conifer Counting, mapping National Trust & Unpublished BBS breeding wood, now partly clear- breeding Woodland Trust reports submitted birds felled territories/pairs (TW) to National Trust from six visits & Woodland April–June Trust and Devon Birds

Fingle Woods 2018 Woodland 342 ha of mainly conifer Four visits Nov– National Trust & Unpublished Winter Bird wintering wood, now partly clear- Feb to record Woodland Trust reports submitted Survey birds felled species and (TW) to National Trust numbers & Woodland Trust and Devon Birds

High Moor bird 1980s Dunlin, Mainly north moor; high Birds recorded MHLS Records monitoring Snipe & moor and counted as submitted to DB other birds part of rain gauge & shared with monitoring other projects

Holne Moor 2013 Cuckoo and Holne Moor (four Nest finding, nest Holne moor Nest record cards ‘Venford’ other monads) recording, ringing nesters & Exeter & ringing records Project moorland University (CRT) sent to BTO; two species associated PhDs theses

Operation 2005 Breeding Range of historic sites; Frequent OW lead partners Annual Wader (OW) Dartmoor strong focus on Haytor visits/watches; Duchy of Cornwall unpublished waders area now, and the one locating pairs & & DNPA (JDA reports remaining Lapwing site nesting attempts Project Officer)

Survey name From Species Areas/sites Methodology Organisations Output (and contact)

South Brent 2014 All South Brent Parish (52 Presence in each None (Brent Brent Birders Parish Bird monads) monad, now just Birders, pPJR) (2020), and Survey in January and unpublished May reports

South Brent 2018 All South Brent Parish area Recording max None (Brent Unpublished Parish Garden monthly counts Birders, pPJR) reports Bird Survey per species per garden Oct–Apr

Appendix 7. Dartmoor 2019. Contributors of records. * = not listed as observers in Devon Birds database.

HG Ackford * S&P Dean * E&R Knott D Scott * PA Albrechtsen JR Diamond RJ Lillicrap * P Seymour PH Aley J Dinham-Price * A Livsey J Shortridge * J Andrade * NL Dixon * N Machin R Smaldon NC Armstrong G&A Easton RN Macklin D Smallshire JD Avon * C Edwards * H Marshall AD Smith DDL Back CJ Ellis PM Mayer S Smith MRA Bailey J Fell O Mears TJ Smith VJ Barns F Freshney J Michie J Smithson A Battershill P Friend K Money M Spencer VJW Bedford J Garlick R Moore B Sullivan H Bond IP Gasper N&IA Moss R Swinbank I Brooker * CA Godfrey I Muir W Sykes C Brooks MR Goss J O'Connell-Davidson A Taylor MD Burgess * DA Gray CR Ormerod IJ Teague P Castle SE Gray MK Overy I Thomas DC Cawthraw SM Green P Page SM Tracey M Comber * J Hacon N Potter NS Trout S Cox SR Hamilton DJ Price VR Tucker V Cozens A Henderson B Rankine CR Tyler * S Crutchley R Hibbert * PJ Reay T Wallis M Curran T Hooper A Rennells N Walter MT Daniels S Hopper DA Rogers * JM Walters MD Darlaston PPJ Howard V Rosser NC Ward S Darling RJ Hubble S Rouse T Williams * PJ Darlington LH Hurrell JS Ruscoe P Worth W Dawson RH Hurrell K Rylands G Young JJ Day * N Jarvis J Sampson SMR Young S Day H Jones MLH Sampson Yarner Wood NNR WJ Deakins RJ Jones P Sanders