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The Invasion of India by Alexander the Great As Described by Arrian, Q

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The Invasion of India by Alexander the Great As Described by Arrian, Q \M3 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE Date Due MY-S- fr ttffi J- IWtM&MRAl <*s7> El q(fe^49gsiiy ffitrtrt* #UT 1 JUIrz^ngb/M ^ PRINTED IN U. 5. A CAT. NO. 23233 OF rs ',y Ub 234.6WI13 lSr3 ~» Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028252546 OTHER WORKS BY Mr. M'CRINDLE. ANCIENT INDIA As described by the Classical Authors, being a series of copiously annotated translations of all the Greek and Roman texts which relate to India. I. Ancient India as described by Megasthenes and Arrian. With an Introduction, Notes, and a Map of Ancient India. Bombay, 1877. 8vo . .5s. nett. II. The commerce and navigation of the Erythraean Sea, being a translation of the Periplus Maris Erythmi, and of Arrian's account of the voyage of Nearkhos. Bombay, 1879. 8vo 5s. nett. III. Ancient India as described by KtSsias the Knidian. Bom- bay, 1882. 8vo 4s. 6d. nett. IV. Ancient India as described by Ptolemy. With an Intro- duction, Map of India according to Ptolemy, and a very copious Index. Bombay, 1885. 8vo . 5s. nett Of the above books few copies remainfor sale. — — —— —— — — OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. industry * * * In rendering the results of Dr. Schwanbeck's frag- accessible to English readers by this translation of the collected trustworthy ments of the lost Mdika of Megasthenes, perhaps the most performed of the Greek writers on India, Mr. M'Crindle would have the a most valuable service even had he not enriched the original^ by s work addition of copious critical notes, and a translation of Arrian on the same subject. The Calcutta Review. * * * Mr. M'Crindle's translations of the accounts of Ancient India to our by Megasthenes and Arrian, is a most valuable contribution knowledge of the subject in the days when Greeks and Romans were ruling the world. The Pioneer. * * * Mr. M'Crindle deserves the thanks of all who take an interest in Ancient India, and, should he be able to fulfil his promise to translate "the entire series of classical works relating to India," he will give an impetus to the study of the early civilisation of this country among native as well as European scholars. The Madras Times. * * * He is to be congratulated on having made a very useful con- tribution to the popular study of Indian antiquities. The Westminster Review. * * * To those students who have neither the learned work of Dr. Vincent, nor the Geographi Grceci Minores of C. Muller within reach, this handy volume (Megasthenes) will prove very serviceable. The Academy. * * * The fragments of the Indika of Megasthenes, collected by Dr. Schwanbeck, with the first part of the Indika of Arrian, the Periplus Maris Erythnei, and Arrian's account of the voyage of Nearkhos, have been translated, in two most useful volumes, by Mr. J. W. M'Crindle, M.A. The Indika of Ktesias with the fifteenth book of Strabo is also promised, and the sections referring to India in Ptolemy's Geography would complete a collection of the highest value to Indian history. Note, under the article India, in the new edition of " The Encyclopaidia Britannica." * The amount of patient and scholarly work which they indicate is of the kind that we are rather accustomed to look for from a German savant, and can hardly be properly appreciated by one who does not know by experience the difficulties of such investigations. — The Scottish Geographical Magazine. * * * What he has proposed to do has been very carefully worked out. His notes are of special interest. The Jour. R. .4s. Soc. * * * Mr. M'Crindle has earned a solid reputation by his learned research on subjects connected with Ancient India, and his latest pro- duction, Ancient India as described by Ptolemy, will be appreciated by scholars and geographers. The Scotsman, * * * Mr. M'Crindle, who has translated divers of the old accounts of Arrian, Megasthenes, and others, now comes forward to give us a " succinct account of Ptolemy's geographical system," to show us how the disguise of places named by that writer can be pierced, and to push etymological inquiry to somewhat dim and distant limits. He is entitled to credit for research, diligence, and knowledge of his subject. — The Saturday Review. ANCIENT INDIA ITS INVASION BY ALEXANDER THE GREAT CEo o *a o yo O * I C o cr 8 3 5 ® ©o ISo .-• ****** .!T*>vili A L E X a N D E R THE G R E A T .[OUR N I N .; T H E D E A F H OK M O U K E P H A L O S THE INVASION OF INDIA BY ALEXANDER THE GREAT AS DESCRIBED BY ARRIAN Q • CURTIUS DIODOROS PLUTARCH AND JUSTIN BEING TRANSLATIONS OF SUCH PORTIONS OF THE WORKS OF THESE AND OTHER CLASSICAL AUTHORS AS DESCRIBE ALEXANDER'S CAMPAIGNS IN AFGHANISTAN THE PANJ.&B SINDH GEDROSIA AND KARMANIA WITH AN INTRODUCTION CONTAINING A LIFE OF ALEXANDER COPIOUS NOTES ILLUSTRATIONS MAPS AND INDICES J W M'CRINDLE M-A M-RA-S F-R-S-G-S LATE PRINCIPAL OF THE GOVERNMENT COLLEGE PATNA AND FELLOW OF THE CALCUTTA UNIVERSITY MEMBER OF THE GENERAL COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH Q8tetm.ineUt ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE AND COMPANY 14 PARLIAMENT STREET S-W MDCCCXCIII All rights reserzied A.yf3e>i DF Ms TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE List of Illustrations . ix Preface . xi Introduction, containing a Life of Alexander . 3 Arrian . ... 57 Q. Curtius Rufus . ,183 Diod6ros . 269 Plutarch . 305 Justin ... .321 Appendices— Notes A-L/ . 331 Biographical Appendix . 375 General Index . 4 X 7 Index of Authorities quoted or referred to 430 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Alexander the Great Mourning for Boukeehalos Frontispiece By the Autotype Company from a French MS. in the British Museum of the Life of Alexander the Great, written in the fifteenth century. FIG. i. LYSI MACHOS Gold coin of Lysimachos (B.C. 306- 281), struck at Lysimachia, in the British Museum . .16 2. Aristotle From an intaglio gem, engraved on sard, in the British Museum . 16 3. Seal of Darius . From a cylinder of chalcedony, in- scribed " I am Darius the great king," in Persian, Median, and Babylonian, in the Brit. Museum 29 4. Alexander the Great On a silver coin struck in Thrace by Lysimachos, in the Brit. Museum . 48 5. Diodotos . On a gold stater struck in Baktria, in the British Museum . 52 6. Antiochos the Great On a gold coin (B.C. 222-187), m tne British Museum . -52 7. euthydemos On a silver Baktrian coin, in the British Museum . • • S3 8. The Tyrian Herakles On a silver coin struck at Tyre (B.C. 125), in the British Museum . 71 9. Eumenes . Silver coin of Eumenes I. (b.c. 263- 241), struck at Pergamos, in the British Museum ... 120 10. Ptolemy Soter On a silver coin (B.C. 306-284), in the British Museum . .151 11. Indian Bowman From a coin of Chandragupta II. (a.d. 395-415), in the Brit. Mus . 210 12. Sothytes . From a silver coin, in the Brit. Mus. 280 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIG. in the 13. Greek Warship From a silver coin of Sidon, ! ° British Museum . 3 silver struck in 14. Seleucus Nicator Obverse of a coin Pergamos, in the British Museum 327 coin, in the 15. eukratides On a silver Baktrian British Museum .... 344 16. Antimachos On a silver Baktrian coin, in the British Museum .... 370 17. Agathokles Silver coin of Agathokles, in the British Museum . 371 18. Heliokles On a silver Baktrian coin, in the British Museum . -371 19. Apollodotos On a silver Baktrian coin, in the British Museum 372 20. As'oka Inscription . Reduced from an impression of the Kalsi Edict by Dr. James Burgess, CLE 373 21. Antigonos Gonatas . Silver coin of Antigonos Gonatas (B.C. 277-239), in the Brit. Mus. 376 22. Antigonos Doson Silver coin of Antigonos Doson (B.C. 229-220), in the British Museum . 377 23. Antiochos II. On a silver coin (B.C. 261-246), in the British Museum . 377 24. Demetrios Poliorketes . Silver coin of Demetrios Poliorketes (B.C. 294-288), in the Brit. Mus. 383 25. Ptolemy III. On a gold coin (B.C. 247-222), in the British Museum . 403 MAPS Map of Alexander's Route in the Panjab . F,vht~~ s~ Map of the Route taken by Alexander in his Asiatic Expedition 43:: — PREFACE En inventant l'histoire, la Grece inventa le jugement du monde, et, dans ce jugement, l'arrft de la Grece fut sans appel. A celui dont la Grece n'a pas parle, l'oubli, c'est-a-dire le neant. A celui dont la Grece se souvient, la gloire, c'est-a-dire la vie. Discours de M. Ernest Renan du J Mai 1892. This work is the fifth of a series which may be entitled Ancient India as described by the Classical Writers, since it was projected to supply annotated translations of all the accounts of India which have descended to us from classical antiquity. The volumes which have already appeared contain the fragments of the Indika of Ktesias the Knidian, and of the Indika of Megasthenes, the Indika of Arrian, the Periplous of the Erythraian Sea by an un- known author, and- Ptolemy's Geography of India and the other countries of Eastern Asia. A sixth work containing translations of the chapters in Strabo's Geography which describe India and Ariana, is in preparation, and will complete the series.
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