x Frederick H. Hackeman CAMP 85 August 2020

Commander’s Ramblings Brothers,

Well, here we are, still in limbo. At some point here we will need to find a way to come together for a meeting and get to nominations and election of 2020/2021 officers. And then look forward to the next year’s schedule of meetings. So I am open to suggestions for both of these items. Presumably, almost all members have access to a computer and the Internet. Or, for Glen maybe a visit with a Brother with access. This possibility could mean that we could have a Zoom meeting to conduct the more important agenda items from above. I have participated in a few of these and it does provide a means of keeping a group involved. Albeit in not the perfect way War that a in person meeting does. The upside is that any Brother who might not be able to travel to get to the meeting can participate vir- tually.

So. Now to the nitty-gritty. I want all camp brothers to think about these things and to send me your thoughts/suggestions on: • Nominations of Officers. Basically, who do you want to nomi- nate for Commander, Senior Vice-Commander, Junior Vice-Com- Commander to mander, three members of the Camp Council, Secretary, Trea- Page 5

In this Issue Page 1 - Commander’s Ramblings

Veterans of the Civil Page 2 - Maj Gen John C Fremont Page 3 - Alonzo Goodenough story Page 4 - List of Pensioners on the Roll Page 4 - National & Department Events Page 5 - Civil War Time Line Page 10 - Book Review Page 11 - Member Ancestors List Page 12 - Berrien County in Civil War

Sons of the Union

Camp Communicator Next Camp Meeting **TBD**, 2020 - 6 p.m.

Location - Lincoln Twp Library, 2099 W John Beers Rd, Stevensville

Page 1 Camp Training Aids As located on the Department of MIchigan web site. It is.recommended that Camp members visit these URLs and familiarize themselves with the information contained within these documents.

Handbook of Instruction for the Department Patriotic Instructor https://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Department%20PI%20Handbook.pdf

Handbook of Instruction for the Camp Patriotic Instructor Missing link

Handbook of Instruction for the Civil War Memorials Officer https://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Michigan%20CWM%20Handbook.pdf Meeting Department Membership Initiative Schedule https://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/DeptMemInitiative.pdf

Department of Michigan Member Recruitment & Retention Report https://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Dept%20of%20Michigan%20Member%20Recruit- Our meeting ment%20&%20Retention.pdf schedule is Al- National Chaplain’s Handbook ternate months https://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Dept%20of%20Michigan%20Member%20Recruit- between ment%20&%20Retention.pdf September Recommended Education & Additional Department Officer Duties through May https://www.suvcwmi.org/hq/Department%20Orders/Series%202017-18/Recommend- ed%20Ed%20&%20Add%20Dept%20Officer%20Duties.pdf meeting on the 2nd Thursday of every month Frémont Emancipation except as not- ed. At 6:00 PM. The Frémont Emancipation was part of a military proclamation issued by Major General John C. Frémont (1813– 1890) on August 30, 1861 in St. Louis, during the early months of the Location - . The proclamation placed the state of Missouri under mar- Currently - tial law and decreed that all property of those bearing arms in rebellion would be Lincoln Twp confiscated, including slaves, and that confiscated slaves would subsequently Public Library be declared free. It also imposed capital punishment for those in rebellion against the federal government.

Frémont, a career army officer, fron- tiersman and politician, was in com- mand of the military Department of the West from July 1861 to October 1861. Although Frémont claimed his procla- mation was intended only as a means of deterring secessionists in Missouri, his policy had national repercussions, po- Unknown author - McClure’s Mag- tentially setting a highly controversial azine, May, 1907, p. 43; scanned precedent that the Civil War would be a by Bob Burkhardt war of liberation. 7th corps Kepi patch For President Fremont to page 6 Page 2 Commander from Page 1 surer (or Secretary-Treasurer), Camp Delegate(s) and Ray Truhn’s Ancestor Alternate(s) to the Department Encampment. • What do you suggest for 2020-2021 meeting schedule? This was my Great- First meeting in September and then in NOvember (in- grandfather, Alonzo stallation)? Maintain an alternate monthly meeting even Goodenough. DOB - during winter months? Or, a hiatus during winter and DOD. (20 March 1841 pick up in March and continue through June/July? Or -. 13 March 1916) some other arrangement? Apprenticed as a black- smith in his father’s So the ball is in your court. Send me your thoughts on the blacksmith shop. above items please. I’ll send out the replies after receiving all Enlisted in the 2nd suggestions. And as always, PLEASE send me stories about Vermont Infantry - 27 your ancestor for inclusion - note Ray’s submission at right. May 1861representing Include any picture you may have of your ancestor. the town of Readsboro, Vermont. Mustered into Yours in Fraternity, Charity, and Loyalty service 20 June 1861 Steve Williams, as Private in Frederick H. Hackemann, Camp 85 Commander A. The 2nd Vermont’s first engagement was the Battle of First Bull Run 21July 1861. Promoted Donations to to Corporal 06 February 1863. Wounded at battle SUVCW of Marye’s Heights 03 May 1863. Hit with a mini-ball in the left leg. First enlistment time is Can you write off donations to a 501 C 4? up and mustered out of the service 29 June 1864. Re-enlisted 25 August 1864 and rejoins his old Contributions to civic leagues or other section 501(c)(4) or- unit, Company A, 2nd Vermont Infantry as Pri- ganizations generally are not deductible as charitable contri- vate. Promoted back to rank of Corporal, 17 Oc- butions for fed- tober 1864. Wounded at battle of Cedar Creek eral income tax 19 October 1864. Hit with a mini-ball in right purposes. They shoulder. The ball entered his armpit, traveled may be deduct- under his skin, down his arm and exited at his ible as trade or elbow. Promoted to rank of Sergeant 01 Novem- business expens- ber 1864. The 2nd Vermont’s last engagement es, if ordinary was the Battle of Sailor’s Creek 06 July 1865. and necessary in 09 April 1865 General Lee surrenders. 02 June the conduct of 1865 General Smith surrenders. War was former- the taxpayer’s ly over. business. The service of the 2nd Vermont Infantry closed with participation in the Grand Review of the Union Armies at Washington, after which the Regiment returned to Burlington, Vermont. Alonzo was mustered out of military service 15 July 1865. There were 866 originally members of the 2nd Vermont mustered in in 1861. During the course of the war, there were an additional 992 gains as replacements for killed, wounded, sick, mustered out, captured, promoted to other regiments, etc. Bringing the total membership over the life of the war to 1858. Of the 1858 Ancestor Bi- total membership, 224 were killed in action or died of their wounds. 136 died of disease, 22 ographies died in Confederate prison camps, 3 died from accidents and 1 executed. 692 were wounded and Needed 129 taken prisoner. There were additional losses Whatever you may have on your ancestor’s from desertion and dishonorable discharges. life story submit for inclusion of future issues. Alonzo moved to Galien, Michigan in the fall It can be short or long as it takes to tell us about of 1865 where he met Margaret Heckathorn and your ancestor’s life, i.e., what he did before the they married March 1866. Bought a farm and war, where he served, and if he survived, what raised 9 Children. he did after the war - farmer, merchant, politi- Alonzo’s brother, Francis, enlisted in the 20th cian, etc. And if your family history has a pho- Indiana Infantry, Company E. Was wounded and tograph submit that, too. crippled for life at Gettysburg.

Page 3 Upcoming Events National

Stay tuned for information about the 2020 National Encampment being hosted by our Brothers in the Department of Georgia and South Carolina. Atlanta Marriot Buckhead Hotel and Convention Center 3405 Lenox Road North East, Atlanta, GA 30326 Dates: August 13 – 16, 202 Officers 2020 - 2021 Camp . Camp Commander: Steven Williams • September TBD 2020 Camp meeting TBD SVC: Rex Dillman

JVC: Charles L Pfauth Sr

Secretary :Ray Truhn

Treasurer : Ray Truhn

47th Congress, 2d Session Ex. Doc. 84, Part 4 Council 1: Charles L Pfauth Jr List of Pensioners on the Roll Council 2: Keith Chapman January 1, 1883 Council 3: Charles L Pfauth Sr

THE NAME OF EACH PENSIONER, THE CAUSE FOR WHICH Patriotic Instructor: PENSIONED, THE POST OFFICE ADDRESS, THE RATE OF PEN- Ted Chamberlain SION PER MONTH, AND THE DATE OF ORIGINAL ALLOWANCE WASHINGTON: Government Printing Office, 1883. Chaplain : Steven Williams

Surname/Given - Middle/Cause/Monthly Rate/Certificate No./Original Date/Post Office/Co. Graves & Memorials: Rex Dillman CHAMBERLAIN - ElizaA. - widow - $8.00 - 27716 - x- Pipestone - Berrien

GOODENOUGH - Alonzo - g.s.w.r.shoulder - $6.00 - 197117 - Oct. 1881 - Three Oaks -Berrien Historian: Rex Dillman

GOODENOUGH - Francis H - g.s.w.thro.l.hip - $10.00 - 55937 - x - Three Oaks - Berrien Signals Officer: Steven Williams g.s.w. = gun shot wound l. = left Guide: Jeff Chubb r. = right thro. = through Guard: Jeff Chubb

http://www.mifamilyhistory.org/civilwar/1883Pension/county.aspx?id=Berrien Color Bearer: Rex Dillman Transcribed and © copyright by Donna Hoff-Grambau, 2001 JROTC contact: Unassigned

Editor Steve Williams [email protected]

Page 4 The purpose of this newsletter is to inform the members of Frederick H. Hackeman Camp 85 of activities and events related to the mission of the SUVCW and its interests. Civil War Time line: If you wish to place a civil war article or SUVCW item please submit to the Editor at [email protected]

The Editor reserves the right to censor and/or edit all August in the Civil War material submitted for publication to the Camp Com- 1861 municator newsletter without notice to the submitter. August 2 Congress passed the first national Income tax measure calling for 3% on incomes over $800. The bill also provided for new and stiffer tariffs. (It was never enforced Camp Website and was revised in 1862) Sporadic skirmishes throughout Be sure and visit our Camp Website at the states. August 10 Battle of Wilson’s Creek (MO) Au- http://www.suvcwmi.org/camps/camp85.php. gust 14 – Maj. Gen. Fremont declared martial law in St Louis MO. President Davis proclaimed banishing of aliens who did not acknowledge the authority of the Confeder- Sutler Links ate States of America. August 16 President Lincoln pro- Link to list of vendors for any items to fill out claimed that the inhabitants of the Confederate States “are in your uniform and re-enactor accessories. a state of insurrection against the , and that all commercial intercourse, “ with certain exceptions, between http://www.fighting69th.org/sutler.html loyal and rebellious states was unlawful. August 20 Maj. http://www.ccsutlery.com/ Gen. George B McClelland assumed command of the newly http://www.crescentcitysutler.com/index.html organized Department and the Army of the Potomac for the http://www.regtqm.com/ Union. August 27 Attack on Cape Hatteras Forts Begin http://www.cjdaley.com/research.htm August 28 Capture of Fort Hatteras August 30 Fremont’s http://www.fcsutler.com/ Emancipation Proclamation Maj. Gen. John Charles Fre- https://www.militaryuniformsupply.com/ mont wrote and then issued his famous unauthorized eman- civil-war-reenactment-clothing-gear cipation proclamation and order of confiscation. Declaring martial law throughout Missouri. Department of Michigan Officers Commander - Terry McKinch, PCC Senior VC - Nathan Smith, CC Junior VC - David Ramsey 1862 Members of the Council - Charles Worley, PDC August 4 President Lincoln ordered a draft of 300,000 Steven S Martin, CC to serve for nine months. Unless discharged sooner. David S. Smith This draft was never put into effect. August 5 Engage- Secretary - Dick Denney,CC ment at Baton Rouge, Louisiana. August 6 Loss of CSS Treasurer - Bruce S.A. Gosling Arkansas The Federal ironclad Essex and four other ves- Chief of Staff Donald Shaw sels attacked Arkansas at Baton Rouge August 9 Battle of Counselor - James B. Pahl, PCinC Cedar Mountain or Slaughter Mountain, Virginia August Chaplain - Steve Williams, CC 12 John Hunt Morgan was active again, capturing Gallatin, Patriotic Instructor - David Kimble, CC Tenn and a Union garrison. August 17 Sioux Uprising Color Bearer - Edgar J. Dowd, PCC begins In southwestern Minnesota on this day the tragic Signals Officer - Robert R. Payne, PCC Sioux uprising began and lasted until September 23. The Editor, “Michigan’s Messenger” - Sioux, allegedly facing semi-starvation on their reserva- Richard E. Danes, PCC tions, revolted. August 24 CSS Alabama commissioned. Historian - Keith G Harrison, PCinC Near the Azores in the Atlantic, CSS Alabama was commis- Guide - L. Dean Lamphere, Sr. sioned as a cruiser of the Confederate Navy and received its Guard - Gene Taylor armament and supplies. August 26 Second Bull Run or Graves Registration Officer- Richard E. Danes, PCC Manassas Campaign begins at Manassas Junction August GAR Records Officer- Gary L. Gibson, PDC 28 Groveton or Brawner’s Farm, Virginia and Bragg Be- Civil War Memorials Officer- John H. McGill gins Confederate Campaign into Tennessee and Kentucky Eagle Scout Coordinator - Nathan Tingley August 29 Second Battle of Manassas or Bull Run, Virginia Camp-At-Large Coordinator - L. Dean Lamphere, Jr., PDC August 30 Second Battle of Manassas or Bull Run, Virginia Camp Organizer James B. Pahl, PCinC Concluded and Battle of Richmond, Kentucky Military Affairs Officer - Edgar J. Dowd, PCC Aide-de-camp Keith Harrison Page 5 1863

August 1 Prominent Confederate spy Belle Boyd was in prison in Washington for the second time after her arrest in Martinsburg, W VA. August 17 First Great Bombardment of Fort Sumter August 19 Northern authorities resumed the draft in New York City with no difficulties, although troops protected the draft headquarters against a repetition of the disastrous riots of July. August 21 Sacking of Lawrence August 29 In Charleston Harbor the Southern submarine H. L. Hunley sank with five men lost..

Military Order of the Loyal Legion 1864 of the United States August 5 Battle of Mobile Bay …Adm. Farragut, in the ort rigging of the Hartford, is said to have shouted, “Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead.” August 9 A tremendous Hereditary membership in the explosion rocked City Point VA, killing 43, injuring 126 and causing vast property damage. Military Order of the Loyal Legion August 18 Battle of the Weldon Railroad, Virginia, Begins August 19 Battle of the Weldon of the United States (MOLLUS) is Railroad, Virginia, Continues August 25 Battle of Ream’s Station, Virginia August 30 open to men who are descendants (e.g., great great grandson, great Sherman severed one of the last to railroads into Atlanta and marched rapidly towards the grand nephew, etc.) of commis- Macon line. The Democrats meeting in Chicago adopted a platform and placed in nomina- sioned officers of the Union forces tion for President Maj Gen George B McClellan. August 31 General McClellan Nominated during the Civil War. Web site - for President and Battle of Jonesboro, Georgia. http://suvcw.org/mollus/mbrfrm. htm

Source: The Civil War Day by Day, An Almanac 1861-1865, E B Long, 1971, Doubleday. Source: The Please Note: Non-hereditary Civil War Day by Day, An Almanac 1861-1865, E B Long, 1971, Doubleday. membership (Associate Compan- ion) may be available in some (but not all) of the Commander- ies. Associate affiliation is based Fremont from page 2 on a percentage of the number of hereditary members in each Com- the proclamation created mandery. Consequently, move- a difficult situation, as he tried to balance the agendas of Radical Repub- ment to elect Associates may be licans who favored abolition and slave-holding Unionists in the American delayed until such time as there border states whose support was essential in keeping the states of Missouri, are enough hereditary Compan- Kentucky and Maryland in the Union. ions present in the particular Commandery. Nationwide reaction to the proclamation was mixed. Abolitionists en- thusiastically supported the measure while conservatives demanded Fré- mont’s removal. Seeking to reverse Frémont’s actions and maintain po- litical balance, Lincoln eventually ordered Frémont to rescind the edict on September 11, 1861. Lincoln then sent various government officials to Missouri to build a case for Frémont’s removal founded on Frémont’s al- leged incompetence rather than his abolitionist views. On these grounds, Lincoln sent an order on October 22, 1861, removing Frémont from com- mand of the Department of the West. Although Lincoln opposed Frémont’s method of emancipation, the episode had a significant impact on Lincoln, shaping his opinions on the appropriate steps towards emancipation and eventually leading, sixteen months later, to Lincoln’s own Emancipation Proclamation.

Born in Savannah, Georgia in 1813, John Charles Frémont would be- come one of the nation’s leading antislavery politicians in the 1850s. Fré- mont was granted a ’s commission in the U.S. Army’s Bu- reau of Topographical Engineers in 1838, primarily through the support of Secretary of War Joel Poinsett. As a young army officer, Frémont took part in several exploratory expeditions of the American West in the 1840s. For his success in mapping a route across the Rocky Mountains to then Mexi- can California via the Oregon Trail, Frémont earned the nickname, “the Pathfinder” and attained the status of a national hero. During the Mexican– Page 6 American War (1846–1848), Major Frémont took able to many Unionists and particularly to Presi- command of the Californian revolt of American dent Lincoln, as continued neutrality in Missouri settlers against Mexico and was appointed mili- would result in the state’s refusal to supply men tary governor of California in 1847. Frémont’s in- for the . Harney was removed on dependent actions ran at cross-purposes with the May 30 and replaced with the hard-line Radical senior U.S. Army officer in California during the Republican Brig. Gen. . Earlier, Mexican War—Stephen Watts Kearny. Frémont while still a subordinate of Harney’s, Lyon had was arrested, brought to Washington, D.C. for a raised tensions in Missouri to a fever-pitch by court-martial and resigned from the Army in 1848. acting independently and capturing a portion of Returning to the Pacific coast, Frémont became the Missouri State Militia during the Camp Jack- one of the first senators from California when it son Affair on May 10, 1861. Although the maneu- was granted statehood in 1850. In 1856, Frémont ver eliminated a threat to the St. Louis Arsenal, became the first Presidential candidate of the new it also caused a riot in St. Louis. As commander Republican Party which established a platform ad- of the Department of the West, Lyon met with vocating the limitation of slavery to those states in Gov. Jackson and informed him that, “rather than which it already existed. Frémont won 33 percent concede to the State of Missouri for one single of the popular vote, but lost to Democratic Party instant the right to dictate to my government in candidate James Buchanan. any matter...I would see you...and every man and woman and child in the State dead and buried.” At the onset of the Civil War in April 1861, After this, open warfare commenced between Frémont sought to resume his service in the Regu- pro-Confederate militia and Union forces in Mis- lar Army and was commissioned major general, souri. Gov. Jackson fled St. Louis, and the Mis- becoming the third highest ranking general in the souri State Militia was re-organized to become U.S. Army (according to date of appointment), just the Missouri State Guard—a pro-secession force behind Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan. Frémont under the command of and Gover- was placed in command of the Department of the nor-in-Exile Jackson. West which included all states and territories be- tween the Mississippi River and the Rockies as By the time Frémont took command in St. well as the state of Illinois and the western part of Louis on July 25, 1861, Union forces under Lyon Kentucky. The department was headquartered in had fought in several engagements against the St. Louis, Missouri. Frémont arrived there and as- Missouri State Guard. On August 10, a com- sumed command on July 25, 1861. His chief task bined force of Missouri State Guard, Confeder- was to establish control within the state of Mis- ate States Army, and Arkansas Militia, consist- souri. ing of about 11,000 troops, closed in on Lyon’s Union force numbering approximately 5,000 near At the commencement of the Civil War, Mis- Springfield, Missouri. During the ensuing Battle souri was a deeply divided state. Missouri had of Wilson’s Creek, Lyon was killed and the fed- chosen to remain in the Union, and initially main- eral force routed. Pro-secession sentiment surged tained a policy of neutrality towards both the throughout Missouri following the Battle of Wil- Union and the Confederacy. However, Missouri son’s Creek. Estimates by Union army officials was also a state in which slavery was still legal, placed the number of armed secessionists in Mis- a factor which generated sympathy for the Con- souri at roughly 60,000. Alarmed by the increas- federacy and secession. The governor of Missouri ing turbulence, Frémont declared martial law in at the start of the war, Claiborne Jackson, was in the state of Missouri on August 30, 1861. favor of secession and attempted to use the Mis- souri State Militia to resist the build-up of Union Proclamation and reaction forces in his state. Just before dawn on August 30, Frémont fin- A painting depicting an American Civil War ished penning his proclamation of martial law battle. In the foreground soldiers in blue surround and read it to his wife and a trusted advisor, Ed- a high-ranking officer on a white horse. The offi- ward Davis of Philadelphia. Davis warned that cer has been shot and is falling into the arms of one officials in Washington would never stand for of the soldiers. They are fighting another group such a sweeping edict. Frémont responded that of soldiers who stand in the background wearing he had been given full power to put down seces- grey uniforms and firing weapons. sion in Missouri and that, as a war measure, the proclamation was entirely warranted. Before Frémont, two generals had previous- ly served as head of the Department of the West The most controversial passage of the proc- during the first four months of the war. Brigadier lamation, and the one with the greatest William S. Harney had taken a diplomatic consequences, was the following: approach in Missouri, attempting to respect Mis- souri’s neutrality through the Price-Harney Truce, All persons who shall be taken with arms in their negotiated with Sterling Price, commander of the hands within these lines shall be tried by court-mar- Missouri State Militia. The truce was unaccept- tial, and, if found guilty, will be shot. The proper- ty, real and personal, of all persons in the State of

Page 7 Missouri who shall take up arms against the United States, and who shall be directly proven to have taken Michigan’s active part with their enemies in the field, is declared Messenger to be confiscated to the public use; and their slaves, if any they have, are hereby declared free. is a quarterly publication of and for the mem- The two extreme measures described within bership of the Department of Michigan, Sons of this passage threatened to alienate Unionists in Union Veterans of the Civil War. each of the border states. Drawing a line from Current Spring Issue is at Cape Girardeau, Missouri to Leavenworth, Kan- https://www.suvcwmi.org/messenger/2019/V28_N2.pdf sas, Frémont declared capital punishment would be administered to any secessionists bearing arms north of that line. Further, the proclamation freed the slaves of any secessionists who took up arms against the government. Frémont issued his proc- National Officers lamation without consulting any authority in Mis- souri or Washington. Commander-in-Chief Edward .Norris, PDC [email protected] Senior Vice CinC Brian C. Pierson, PDC [email protected] The proclamation freed very few slaves. First, Junior Vice CinC Michael A. Paquette, PDC [email protected] and most prominently, two slaves belonging to National Secretary Jonathan C. Davis, PDC [email protected] an aide of the former Gov. Jackson, Frank Lewis National Treasurer D. Michael Beard, PDC [email protected] and Hiram Reed, were given their manumission National Quartermaster James L. Lyon [email protected] papers. This act received significant coverage by the St. Louis press. Frémont then issued papers Council of Administration to 21 other slaves. However, the greatest signifi- cance of the proclamation came in the form of Council of Admin (20) Kevin P. Tucker, PDC [email protected] political ramifications. The proclamation set a Council of Admin (21) Bruce D. Frail, PDC [email protected] political precedent, over which there was tremen- Council of Admin (21) Peter J. Hritsko, Jr, PDC [email protected] dous disagreement, that the Civil War was a war Council of Admin (22) Harry W.Reineke IV, PDC [email protected] against slavery. This threatened to tip the delicate Council of Admin (22) Kevin L. Martin, PDC [email protected] political balance in border states. Missouri, Ken- Council of Admin Donald W. Shaw, PCinC [email protected] tucky, and Maryland all might have been pushed towards secession if such a precedent had been Non-voting backed by the federal government at the begin- ning of the war. Banner Editor James B. Pahl, PCinC [email protected] National Signals Officer James P. McGuire, PDC signalsofficer@ Unionists in Missouri were divided in their suvcw.org reaction. Radical Republicans, who favored ab- olition, were overjoyed. This included much of the St. Louis press. Frémont surrounded himself pushed the state into the Confederacy. with men of this faction, and several Radical Re- publican politicians had come to St. Louis with Lincoln’s reaction and him as aides and advisors. These included Illinois Frémont’s removal Congressman Owen Lovejoy (brother of the an- tislavery journalist Elijah Lovejoy who had been President Lincoln learned of Frémont’s proc- murdered in 1837 by an anti-abolitionist mob), lamation by reading it in the newspaper. Disturbed Ohio Congressman John A. Gurley and Indiana by Frémont’s actions, Lincoln felt that emancipa- Congressman John P.C. Shanks. All ardent abo- tion was “not within the range of military law or litionists, these men encouraged and influenced necessity” and that such powers rested only with Frémont’s proclamation. More moderate Union- the elected federal government. Lincoln also rec- ists were troubled by Frémont’s proclamation ognized the monumental political problem that and pro-slavery conservatives were outraged. such an edict posed to his efforts to keep the border Most important, among the moderates in Mis- states in the Union. He was particularly worried souri alienated by Frémont’s proclamation was about reports he heard of the furor in Kentucky the new governor of Missouri, Hamilton Rowan over the edict, writing, “I think to lose Kentucky Gamble, whose authority Frémont had now su- is nearly the same as to lose the whole game. Ac- perseded by declaring martial law. Feeling that cording to Lincoln in a letter to a supporter of Frémont had greatly overstepped his authority, Frémont, a unit of Kentucky militia fighting for Gamble began to work for Frémont’s removal.[In the Union, upon hearing of Frémont’s proclama- neighboring Kentucky, there was widespread out- tion, threw down their weapons and disbanded. rage. Although the proclamation pertained only Lincoln determined the proclamation could not be to the state of Missouri, Kentuckians feared that allowed to remain in force. However, to override a similar edict might be applied by Frémont to the edict or to directly order Frémont to strike their state. Most slaves in Kentucky belonged to out or modify the paragraph had its own political Unionists and threatening to free them could have dangers—such an act would outrage abolitionists

Page 8 throughout the North. Sensitive to the political Radical Republican and abolitionist, wrote that pitfalls on all sides, Lincoln wrote to Frémont, Lincoln’s actions had a “chilling influence” on “Allow me to therefore ask, that you will, as of your the antislavery movement. The outrage was own motion, modify that paragraph...” only a short-term effect, however, and soon subsided. Frémont wrote a reply to Lincoln’s request on September 8, 1861 and sent it to Washington The most significant long-term consequence in the hands of his wife, Jessie Benton Frémont, of the Frémont Emancipation was the effect it who met with the President in the White House had on Lincoln’s perceptions of emancipation on September 10. In the letter, Frémont stated and, specifically, how it should be accom- that he knew the situation in Missouri better than plished. As historian Allen Guelzo describes, the President and that he would not rescind the Lincoln became determined, after Frémont’s proclamation unless directly ordered. Angered, failed proclamation, that emancipation could Lincoln wrote Frémont the next day, directly or- not be a matter of martial law or some other dering him to modify the emancipation clause temporary measure that would later be chal- to conform with existing federal law—that only lenged in courts. To ensure its permanence, slaves themselves acting in armed rebellion Lincoln felt, emancipation would have to be put could be confiscated and freed. into effect by the federal government in a man- ner that was incontrovertibly constitutional. Lincoln could not allow Frémont’s insubordi- Equally important, the timing of emancipation nation to go unpunished. However, his dilemma would need to be orchestrated carefully, so as again lay in politics. Removal of Frémont over not to interfere with the war effort. Although in the emancipation issue would infuriate radicals 1861, Lincoln had not yet espoused the idea of in Congress. Lincoln determined that if Frémont immediate emancipation and still hoped to work were to be removed, it would have to be for mat- with state governments to accomplish gradual ters unrelated to the proclamation. He therefore and perhaps even a compensated emancipation, sent Postmaster General Montgomery Blair and the Frémont incident solidified Lincoln’s belief Quartermaster General Montgomery C. Meigs that emancipation was the President’s respon- to Missouri to evaluate Frémont’s management sibility and could not be accomplished by scat- of his department. On his return, Blair reported tered decrees from Union generals. This real- that a tremendous state of disorganization exist- ization was one of several factors that led to ed in Missouri and Frémont “seemed stupified... Lincoln’s own Emancipation Proclamation in and is doing absolutely nothing.” When Adjutant September 1862. General Lorenzo Thomas made his own inspec- tion and reported to Lincoln that Frémont was, “wholly incompetent,” Lincoln decided to leak References Thomas’s report to the press. Amidst the result- Adams, George Rollie (2001). General William ing public outrage against Frémont, Lincoln sent S. Harney: Prince of Dragoons. Lincoln: University an order on October 22, 1861, removing him of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-1058-2. from command of the Department of the West. Catton, Bruce (2004) [1960]. The Civil War. New York: American Heritage, Inc. ISBN 0-618-00187-5. Eicher, David J.; Eicher, John H. (2001). Civil Aftermath War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3. For Frémont, the personal repercussions of Goodwin, Doris Kearns (2005). Team of Rivals: his proclamation were disastrous. His removal The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln. New York: from command of the Western Department did Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-82490-6. Team of irreparable damage to his reputation.[3] Giving Rivals. Frémont a second chance, Lincoln approved his Guelzo, Allen C. (2004). Lincoln’s Emancipation appointment to command the strategically im- Proclamation: The End of Slavery in America. New portant Mountain Department, overseeing the York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-2182-6. mountainous region surrounding the Virginia McPherson, James M. (1988). Battle Cry of Free- and Kentucky border. Frémont’s forces were dom: The Civil War Era. New York: Oxford Univer- badly defeated, however, in the Battle of Cross sity Press. ISBN 0-19-503863-0. Nevins, Allan C. (1992) [1939]. Frémont: Path- Keys in Virginia on June 8, 1862. He eventually maker of the West. New York: Simon & Schuster. resigned from frustration at being passed over ISBN 0-8032-8364-4. when Lincoln appointed Maj. Gen. John Pope Violette, Eugene Morrow (1918). A History of to command of the Army of Virginia, and spent Missouri. Boston: D.C. Heath & Co. OCLC 3423629. the rest of the war awaiting a new appointment Volpe, Vernon L. (1999). “John C. Frémont”. which never came. Dictionary of Missouri Biography. Columbia, Mis- souri: University of Missouri Press. For Lincoln, the immediate effects of Fré- mont’s removal resulted in the furor the presi- dent had anticipated from northern abolitionists. Massachusetts Governor John Albion Andrew, a

Page 9 Book Review The 16th Michigan Infantry in the Civil War by Kim Crawford

On the hot summer evening of July 2, 1863, at the climax of the struggle for a Pennsylvania hill called Little Round Top, four Confederate regiments charge up the western slope, attacking the smallest and most exposed of their Union foe: the 16th Michigan Infan- try. Terrible fighting has raged, but what happens next will ultimately—and unfairly—stain the reputation of one of the Army of the Potomac’s veteran combat outfits, made up of men from Detroit, Saginaw, On- tonagon, Hillsdale, Lansing, Adrian, Plymouth, and Albion. In the dramatic interpretation of the struggle for Little Round Top that followed the Battle of Get- tysburg, the 16th Michigan Infantry would be remem- bered as the one that broke during perhaps the most important turning point of the war. Their , a young lawyer from Ann Arbor, would pay with his life, redeeming his own reputation, while a kind of code of silence about what happened at Little Round Top was adopted by the regiment’s survivors. From soldiers’ letters, journals, and memoirs, this book re- lates their experiences in camp, on the march, and in battle, including their controversial role at Gettys- burg, up to the surrender of Gen. Robert E. Lee at Appomattox Court House.

“Author Kim Crawford has utilized a large selection of primary and secondary sources to provide an out- standing narrative that relates the untold Civil War story of the 16th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regi- ment. The author’s real contribution to the history of the 16th Michigan is not the chronological descrip- tion of their involvement in the war, which is presented in a fine manner, but rather the detailed mi- nutiae of life in the regiment, which really provides great interest and flavor to the book. Information gathered from unpublished diaries, correspondence, period newspapers, and military service records provides a lively regimental history that is infused with soldiers’ observations and anecdotes as well as their perspectives on issues of a military, political, and social nature. Additionally, copious endnotes and a solid bibliography attest to the scholarship that the author brings to this composition.” —David D. Finney Jr., author of Remembering Michigan’s Civil War Soldiers About the Author Kim Crawford is a retired newspaper reporter and author of The Daring Trader: Jacob Smith in the Michigan Territory and coauthor of The 4th Michigan Infantry in the Civil War. He has written about Michigan Civil War soldiers for Michigan History magazine, served as guest curator for the Flint Sloan Museum’s 2012 Civil War exhibit, The Brave and the Faithful, and has given talks on both the 4th and 16th Michigan Infantry regiments to historical societies and Civil War roundtables.

Page 10 We are always looking for content suggestions, com- ments, Book Reports, Family Civil War stories, advice. Send your contributions to the Editor at [email protected]

Member Ancestors Compiled from current and past member information. Red Text indicates publication of a biography in the Camp Communicator

Current Members Ancestor Unit Theadore J Chamberlain Chamberlain Jeremiah M Pvt, Co B 176th OH Vol Inf Keith Alan Chapman Stillman Samuel Pvt, Co B 94th IL Inf Steven Chapman Stillman Samuel Pvt, Co B 94th IL Inf Jeffrey L Chubb Brownell (William) Henry Pvt., Merrill’s Horse, MO Harold L Cray Bassett George W Pvt., Co F 54th Reg Ohio Inf Rex Dillman Yaw Benjamin Franklin Pvt, Co G 26th MI Inf Reg, Richard Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery Rodney Samuel Krieger Krieger Jacob Pvt, Co I, 19th MI Inf Glenn Palen Palen Charles Pvt Co E 128th IN Inf Charles L Pfauth Jr Shopbach Henry Pvt, Co F 52nd PA Vol Inf Charles L Pfauth Sr Shopbach Henry Pvt, Co F 52nd PA Vol Inf Ray Truhn Goodenough Alonzo Pvt, Co A 2nd VT Inf Steven Allen Williams Carter Oren Pvt, Co B 186 th NY Vol Inf Mountjoy/Munjoy George W Pvt, 11th MI Vol Cavalry & 1st MI Sharpshooters Wetmore Abiather Joy/JA Pvt 66th IL Inf Wetmore Gilbert Pvt 2nd Reg NE Cavalry Wetmore Helon/Hellen Pvt 13th Reg IA Inf Matthew Carter Williams Carter Oren Pvt, Co B 186 th NY Vol Inf

Past Members Ancestor Unit Roger C Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery Kenneth A Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery Dennis L Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery Michael Gorske Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery Irving Hackeman Hackeman Frederick H Cpl, Co L 1st IL Lt Artillery Richard Horton Horton, Jr William Virlin Dillmam Mason Daniel W Daniel Stice Pegg Henry Riley Co E 17 IN Amasa Stice Pegg Henry Riley Co E 17 IN Douglas Chrissopher Morales Terwilliger Albert Eugene Co B Batt 9 NY HA

Page 11 sus, Lafayette is in Lake, as he is in 1900 and Berrien County in the 1910. He served as a private in Company K of the 29th Indiana Infantry from 28 Sep 1864 to American Civil War 26 Jun 1865 (8 months, 28 days). He received an invalid pension on 6 Aug 1888, and his Thomas Prentice Starr, b. Aug. 1, 1826, widow received a pension on 19 May 1910. Marcellus, NY, d. Jan. 5, 1894, Three Oaks, MI, buried in The couple had three children born in Ber- Forest Lawn Cemetery, Three Oaks, MI, Block 17, lot 15. rien County, JJohn E. Lewis, b. March 1868, Thomas is buried next to his wife, Julia A. Keefer Starr, b. Harriet Lewis, born 3 Aug 1870, and William Jan. 18, 1826, Ontario County, NY, d. May 5, 1886, Three Henry Lewis, born 8 May 1873. Lafayette and Oaks, MI, buried Forest Lawn Cemetery, Three Oaks, MI, Emeline are buried in Glendora Cemetery in Block 17, lot 15. Thomas was brought up in Greenfield, Ohio Weesau, along with their son William Henry from age of 6. He lived 7 years in Ingham Co., MI; thence to and his wife, the former Maude V. Klasner. LaPorte Co., Indiana; then to Three Oaks, MI. He married Ju- Submitted by Kathleen T. Choi (Kathy is a lia Ann Keefer Feb. 23, 1847. Thomas’ sister, Mary Prentice g-g niece thru his sister Emily (Mrs Andrew) Starr, married Thomas brother-in-law, John Keefer. Thomas Clymer) was a Methodist, a farmer per 1880 census records. His son, Theron Starr, and Theron’s family lived next door. Chatterson, Joshua: was born on the 1st day of December 1843, in Utica, NY Per pension record (# SC411.749) to Joshua and Margaret Chatterson. Joshua he described himself as 5 feet, 9 served in the Civil War as a Private in the 12th inches, complexion: light, hair: dark, Wisconsin. Joshua married Mary eyes: blue. He enlisted in the Michi- Amelia Spencer on the 8th day of gan Infantry on August 12, 1862. “On February 1851. There were eight the 22nd of September 1862, at Three children born to that union, seven Oaks, Michigan” in Co. F, 25th Reg’t. are known: Joshua, Elno, Arthur, Mich. Vols. and served until the close Leno, Lillie, Freeman, and Benja- of the war. The Regiment was mus- min. He lived in Three Oaks, Ber- tered into the service of the United rien County, Michigan until his States. After the surrender of the Con- death on the 24th day of January federate Army, the Regiment was sent 1904, at the age of 60 yrs. Joshua to Salisbury, NC to be mustered out on is buried in the Forest Lawn Cem- the 24th of June 1865, then sent by rail etery, in Three Oaks Township. to Michigan, arriving at Jackson on the Submitted by Suzanne Levy 2nd of July where they were paid off and disbanded.” Moyer, Joel Henry: was born on 25th Michigan Infantry Regimental Flag: The 25th Mich- the 27th day of November 1841 in Pine igan Infantry was mustered into service near Kalamazoo in Grove, Pennsylvania, to Daniel D. and Lydia September 1862, the regiment was recruited throughout the (Bechtel) Moyer. Joel lived in Hinchman, Oro- southwest part of the state. It’s soldiers saw much of their ac- noko Township. He served tion in Georgia. Much is known of the regiment’s history, but in the Civil War as a Pri- little about their specific flag. During their term of Federal vate, in the Union Army. service the 25th Michigan Infantry, Company F was engaged Joel served as Commander in: of the Grand Army post in Munfordville, KY, Tebb’s Bend, KY, Kingston, TN, Berrien Springs for years. Mossy Creek, TN, Tunnel Hill, GA, Rocky Face, GA, Re- After the war, Joel married saca, GA, Cassville, GA, Etowah River, GA, Kingston, Sarah Marie Stemm on the GA, Altoona, GA, Pine Mountain, GA, Lost Mountain, GA, 10th day of October 1874 Culp’s Farm, GA, Kenesaw, GA, Nickajack Creek, GA, Chat- in Berrien Springs. To this tahoochie River, GA, Decatur, GA, Atlanta, GA, East Point, union there were eight (8) GA, Utoy Creek, GA, Siege of Atlanta, GA, Jonesboro, GA, known children: Virginia Rome, GA, Cedar Bluff’s, AL, Pine Creek, TN, Franklin, TN Clementine, Murry Adam, & Nashville, TN. John Clarence, Charles Total Enrollment: 968. Killed in action: 22. Died of Fremont, Verna Regina, Lester Henry, Edna Wounds: 13. Died of Disease: 129. Total Casualty Rate: Cecelia and Ralph Elmer. Joel died on the 6th 16.9%. Submitted by: Paula Connolly of February 1925 in Hinchman, at the age of 83 years and is buried in the Salem Cemetery LEWIS, James Lafayette: was born in Hinchman. 27 Dec 1841 in LaGrange County, Indiana, the Submitted by Scott Kater (great-great- son of Olmstead Lewis. He died 25 Apr 1910 in grandson) Lake, Berrien, MI. He married Emaline Permella Reynolds on 12 Aug 1866 in Noble County, In- Price, Christopher: was born 11 June diana. She was born Jan 1836 in New York, and 1837 in Franklin County, Ohio to Nehemiah died in 1922. The family appears in the 1870 cen- and Miriam (Nash) Price. His mother died and sus in Berrien Springs. In the 1890 Veterans Cen- his father remarried Sarah Carrell. Christopher Page 12 lived with a Edwin and Margaret Babcock in Saw- He is buried in the Rosehill Cemetery, Ber- yer, Michigan, prior to his marriage and enlistment. rien Springs, Berrien County, Michigan. He enlisted in South Bend, St. Joseph, Co., Indiana Submitted by Vicki L. Swank on August 11, 1862 and fought in the Civil War in Co. K, 48th Indiana Infantry. Christopher later trans- Sylvester Benoni Kimball was ferred to Co. A, 48th Indiana. He fought at the battle born 3 April 1843 in New York to Ruth A of Vicksburg. He was Fairfield and Benoni sent to a hospital in Kimball. He enlisted Lagrange, Tennes- as a Private on 26 see on Nov. 11, 1862 August 1862 at the and was honorably age of 19 in Com- discharged in Mem- pany F, 18 Infantry phis, Tennessee the Regiment Michi- 8th of July, 1863. gan. He received a Christopher was a disability discharge farmer and broom- from Company F, 18 maker. On 11 June Infantry Regiment 1874 he married Michigan on 19 Elizabeth Jane John- March 1863 at Lex- son in Warren Twp, ington, Kentucky. South Bend, Indiana. He was then drafted He and Elizabeth lived in New Troy, Michigan, and into Company I, 15th had 13 children: Miriam Mae, Mable Etta, Medford Infantry Regiment William, Mary Hester, Myrtle Adell, Milford Chris- Michigan and was topher, Alfred Willet, Alma Luretta “Retta”, Charles discharged from that Calvin, Phebe Kathryn, David Thurston, John Syl- company on 13 August 1865 at Little Rock, vester, and Delbert Earl. In 1893 the family was liv- Arkansas. He moved to Benton Township in ing in Newton, Michigan. Christopher entered the 1887. He served many years in the Grand Soldier’s Home in Grand Rapids, Michigan, the 16th Army of the Republic, Geo. H. Thomas Post of August 1901, where he died in 1902. He is bur- No. 14 in Benton Harbor Michigan. In Ben- ied in Hinman Cemetery in Baroda Twp. His wife, ton Harbor he was a Justice of the Peace and Elizabeth Jane, died 20 March 1919 and is buried in a Notary Public. He died 14 September 1911 Riverview Cemetery in South Bend, Indiana. in Benton Harbor, Berrien County, Michi- Submitted by Susan Gates Davis, http://www.an- gan. His widow, Anna Eliza Harris and their gelfire.com/mi/GatesDavisGene two children, Sylvenus Benoni and Mary El- lyn, survived him. The photo on the left was Steinbeck, Bernadotte: was born on the 17th taken of Sylvester and his third wife Anna day of August 1835 to Peter Eliza Harris about 1904. He is dressed in his and Anna (Keck) Stinebeck uniform from the G.A.R. The photo on the in Indiana. Bernadotte lived right shows his Notary Public building be- in Oronoko Township, Ber- hind him and fellow members of the Geo. rien County. He married H. Thomas Post No. 14 in Benton Harbor. Frances Harriet Davis on Submitted by Ann Merewether. the 14th day of January 1856. Bernadotte and Fran- cis had one (1) daughter, Esther and two (2) sons, Charles and William. Next, Bernadotte served in the Civil War as a Sergeant in the Union Army. After the war he married three (3) more times, all in the Coun- ty of Berrien. He married Cornelia E. Loshbough on the 8th day of September 1864. Bernadotte and Cor- nelia had one child known only as Infant(name unknown). Bernadotte married Eliza P. Stayton on the 7th day of December 1866 and to that union was born a Son (name unknown), Edith, Effie, James, and Allegra. Last Bernadotte married Marilla Haws on the 4th day of November https://berrienmi.genealogyvillage.com/ 1874. Bernadotte left this life at the age of 64 years tribute.htm on the 29th day of April, 1900 in Oronoko Township.

Page 13 Camp Communicator Sons of the Union Veterans of the Civil War Frederick H. Hackeman CAMP 85 Happy August Birthday to Brothers Jeffrey Chubb - August 6 Charles Pfauth Sr - August 7 Rodney Krieger - August 8 Steve Williams - August 14

Gregory Scygiel - August 16

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First Class Postage Class First Coloma, MI 49038 MI Coloma,

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