Geographical Indications (GIs) of

Dr. Anita Sabat

About Geographical Indications (GIs) As on 17th May, 2020, a total of 366 products have been registered in ’s Geographical Indication (GI) Geographical Indications Registry, out of the refers to the unique, reputed and special 687 GI applications received since inception. product of a geographical area associated with a particular The Common GI Logo community. GI is a type of Intellectual In June 2019, Department for Property Rights (IPR). GI is an IPR that is Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade a community right. GI is an indication that:  Is used to identify agricultural and non- agricultural goods including manufactured goods, natural goods, handicrafts and foodstuffs originating in a specific geographical area,  Originates from a definite territory in India (or world),  Has a reputation for special quality or characteristics unique to the geographical indication. The world has many such unique (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce products. Some of these products have got and Industry released a notification stating the GI tag. Many people have heard their the guidelines of the GI logo and tagline on names, though they may not be aware about all GIs of India. The logo consists of a ‘G’ the term - “Geographical Indications” or that and ‘I’ bearing the three colours of the Indian flag. The tagline in English is ‘Invaluable the products have got GI tags. ix Treasures of Incredible India’ along with the Once more people know about a same in Hindi- ‘Atulya Bharat Ki Amulya geographical region’s unique products, the Nidhi’. demand can increase. Only when The usage of this logo helps information is shared, people can know and consumers to identify the authentic GI be aware. products of India. It also helps in promotion This info-display board with names and marketing of Indian GI products. and logos of all the registered GIs of Odisha

served as a selfie-point at the 3rd Rasagola Geographical Indications of Odisha Mahotsav organized by OTV on January 15, 2020 at , Odisha. Many unique products of Odisha are Odisha GIs being made by certain communities by using traditional knowledge and skills from many Odisha has got the following 17 GIs centuries. Some products belong to a registered so far: specific part of Odisha i.e. they are only (1) GI Application No.-10 - Kotpad made/manufactured in a particular area viz. Handloom Fabric- Handicraft in a single or two or more village(s), city(ies), (2) GI Application No.- 22 - Orissa or district(s), or spread over the entire state. - Handicraft x (3) GI Application No.- 87 - Konark Note- Odisha was previously called Stone Carving - Handicraft “Orissa.” (4) GI Application No.- 88 - Orissa The English name Orissa was - Handicraft changed to “ODISHA” in 2011. (5) GI Application No.- 86 & 108 -Pipli However, many people are not Applique Work - Handicraft aware and continue to use the old spellings. (6) GI Application No.- 136 - Saree and Fabrics - Handicraft (7) GI Application No.167 - Gopalpur Tussar Fabrics - Handicraft (8) GI Application No.207 - Dhalapathar Parda & Fabrics - Handicraft (9) GI Application No.208 - Sambalpuri Bandha Saree & Some cannot change their name viz. Fabrics - Handicraft the GIs of Odisha that had been filed when (10) GI Application No. 217 - Bomkai Odisha state was known by her old name. Saree & Fabrics - Handicraft Thus, we have to continue using the (11) GI Application No.219 - Habaspuri names submitted in the GI applications- Saree & Fabrics - Handicraft “Orissa Ikat” and “Orissa Pattachitra” as these earned the GI certificates in (12) GI Application No.220 – the years 2005 and 2008 respectively. Patta (Phoda Kumbha) Saree & – Seeing the old name “Orissa” still Handicraft in use at GI-stalls at exhibitions, people think this is the correct spelling of Odisha! And (13) GI Application No.228 - the misinformation/misspelling cycle Kewda Rooh - Manufactured continues... (14) GI Application No.229 - Ganjam The GI application for "Odisha Kewda Flower - Agriculture Rasagola" was submitted in the year 2018 (15) GI Application No.607 – Araku and it earned the GI tag in 2019. The name Valley Arabica Coffee – “Odisha” has been used instead of the old Agriculture name Orissa. (16) GI Application No.610 - Kotpad Handloom Fabric Kandhamal Haladi - Agriculture GI Application No.-10 (17) GI Application No.612 - Odisha Type- Handicraft Rasagola – Food Stuff Certificate Date: 2/6/2005 xi Kotpad is a small tribal handloom The meaning of Bandha and Ikat in cluster in of southern Odisha Odia and Malay languages respectively is in India. the same- to tie or wind. According to historians, Bandha is Odisha state’s heritage and historical maritime trade with South East Asia. The Sadhabas (traders) of Odisha used to travel to many lands by sailing across the seas. Similar Bandha/Ikat is also seen in South East Asian nations like Bali, Indonesia. Konark Stone Carving GI Application No.-87 Type- Handicraft Certificate Date: 10/07/2008

It lends its name to “Kotpad Handloom”. Kotpad is Odisha’s first “Konark Geographical Indication. Stone Carving” Orissa Ikat refers to GI Application No.-22 the stone Type- Handicraft carving of Certificate Date: 7/6/2006 K o n a r k Ikat is a Malay word that is derived that is from the word “Mangikat” that means to the most bind, knot or wind round. Ikat is a process exemplary of tie-and-dye weaving of handlooms. model of ancient Odisha temple stone-carving craft There are practised by artisans in , different names of and Cuttack. The art dates back to the late Ikat available in 6th Century or early 7th Century AD. different regions of India some of which Orissa Pattachitra have earned the GI GI Application No.-88 tag. The Odisha “tie Type- Handicraft and dye” fabrics Certificate Date: 10/07/2008 and sarees are called “Bandha” in The word Pattachitra is derived Odia. from the Sanskrit word “patta”, which xii Decorative and ornamental cloth for Lord and other deities have been made in Pipli, Puri, and some other places of Odisha for many centuries now. During , the three grand wooden chariots are covered with three big means a painted piece of cloth, or a plate; colourful canopies- the bi-colour canopy of “chitra” means paintings or pictures. chariot of Lord Jagannath is yellow-red The brilliantly colored Pattachitra colour, that of Lord Balabhadra is green- works originated at Puri. They were/are red colour and that of Devi Subhadra is produced as souvenirs for the pilgrims of the black-red colour. Shree Jagannath Temple, Puri, Odisha. Themes for the Pattachitra paintings range from incidents in Krishna’s life and the Avatars of Vishnu to the epic tales of the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Each year, the deities have fever during the Anasara period that is after Deba Snana Purnima. When the trinity is Khandua Saree and Fabrics recuperating inside the temple, public GI Application No.-136 Darshan of the Lords is prohibited. Patti Dian Type- Handicraft i.e. the Pattachitra of the three siblings, is Certificate Date: 22/10/2010 worshipped in the temple. Pipli Applique Work GI Application No.-86 & 108 Type- Handicraft Certificate Date: 9/09/2008 "Pipli Applique Work", originated in Pipli, a village in the . xiii "Khandua Saree and Fabrics" are a type of Gopalpur cluster of district Orissa Ikat (Bandha of Odisha). of Odisha is famous for Tussar fabrics. Khandua is Single Ikat. Tussar is a type of silk. Like some other GIs of Odisha, Khandua Saree and Fabrics too have been associated with the rituals of Lord Jagannath Temple of Puri in Odisha. Devotees offer Khandua silk saree to Lord Jagannath for different Besa. Poet Jayadeva - Composer of ""

The art of weaving "Gopalpur Tussar Fabrics" in Gopalpur cluster of of Odisha is about 400 years old. and cocoons are displayed in many exhibitions of Odisha so that visitors can be aware. Dhalapathar Parda and Fabrics GI Application No.-207 During the 12th Century AD, Type- Handicraft Jayadeva, the famous poet, desired to offer Certificate Date: 17/07/2012 his epic, Gita Govinda, to Lord Jagannath "Dhalapathar wrapped in a silk fabric. Weavers of Parda and Jayadeva's Kenduli village wove the script Fabrics" are of verses of Gita Govinda by using tie and named after dye technique. Kenduli, located in Odisha, the village of is the birthplace of Jayadeva. Jayadeva Dhalapathar in wrapped his epic Gita Govinda in the same Khurda district of Odisha. and offered it to the three deities at Shree Parda means Jagannath Temple. curtain. The Gopalpur Tussar Fabrics handloom curtains and GI Application No.-167 fabrics of this Type- Handicraft village are Certificate Date: 6/01/2012 handmade using spinning machines.

xiv Sambalpuri Bandha Saree and Fabrics GI Application No.-208 Type- Handicraft Certificate Date: 17/07/2012 "Sambalpuri Bandha" is a type of Double Ikat. The weavers of weave colourful chequered pattern and other designs on sarees. Bomkai Saree is a handloom saree from Odisha, India that originated in Bomkai, . Apart from Ganjam district, the production area covers many districts like- Sonepur, , Boudh, and Cuttack. Now, Bomkai is mostly produced by the "Bhulia" community. Habaspuri Saree and Fabrics Note- Odisha Handloom, Orissa Ikat and GI Application No.-219 Sambalpuri Bandha are NOT synonymous. Type- Handicraft Sambalpuri Bandha is a type of Certificate Date: 17/07/2012 Odisha Bandha i.e. Orissa Ikat. Orissa Ikat is a type of Odisha Handloom. There are other types of Odisha Bandha like Khandua. It is incorrect to use "Sambalpuri" as a synonym for any and every Odisha Handloom! For example, some think the handloom shown in the following image is 'Sambalpuri handloom', while it is actually the Bandha from Nuapatna. Bomkai Saree and Fabrics GI Application No.-217 "Habaspuri" is named after the Type- Handicraft village of Habaspur in in Odisha, where it originated. "Habaspuri Certificate Date: 17/07/2012 Saree and Fabrics" are cotton-based "Bomkai Sarees and Fabrics" gets traditional handloom textiles of Odisha. it names from "Bomkai" - name of a village These are handwoven by the skilled tribal in Ganjam district. weavers of Habaspur.

xv Berhampur Patta (Phoda Kumbha) manufactured from the "Ganjam Kewda Saree and Joda Fower". Kewda oil is prepared by GI Application No.-220 distillation process. It is used to make perfumes for use in cosmetics, soaps, hair Type- Handicraft oil, agarbatti etc., and for flavouring foods. Certificate Date: 17/07/2012 GI Application No.-229 Type- Agriculture Certificate Date: 19/03/2012 T h e world's most fragrant flower is the "Ganjam Kewda flower". "Berhampur Phoda Kumbha Patta The region where and Joda" is handwoven in the silk city of the Kewda flower Odisha- "Brahmapur". As many refer to it is grown is called as- Berhampur, the handloom GI of this city the 'Kewda belt'. 90% of India's cultivation in Ganjam district of Odisha is known as is in Odisha. It is also called: "Screw Pine" "Berhampur Patta (Phoda Kumbha) Saree in English, "Ketaki" in Hindi, and "Kia" in & Joda". "Patta" means silk. This saree is Odia. popularly called - Berhampuri Silk. Araku Valley Arabica Coffee Berhampur Patta (Phoda Kumbha) Saree GI Application No.-607 has a traditional and typical temple pattern Type- Agriculture called the "Phoda Kumbha". Certificate Date: 1/03/2019 Araku GI Application No.-228 Valley is a Type- Manufactured picturesque Certificate Date: 19/03/2012 valley near Rooh means Vishakhapatnam extract. (Vizag) of Andhra Pradesh (AP). A special "Ganjam variety of coffee Kewda Rooh" is grown in this is a valley. Coffee manufactured Board of India product; it is had applied for xvi the Geographical Indication (GI) tag of Bije, the last "Araku Valley Arabica Coffee." Apart from day of the Andhra Pradesh, many parts of Odisha like Ratha Yatra. Koraput, and other districts of Odisha like- Thus, Niladri Kandhamal, Rayagada, Keonjhar, Gajapati Bije is and Kalahandi have been included in this GI celebrated as Application. Rasagola Dibasa. The Kandhamal Haladi last day of the GI Application No.-610 Ratha Yatra, Type- Agriculture Niladri Bije, is the only day of the year when Certificate Date: 1/04/2019 Rasagola is offered as a bhog/prasad to the 'Kandhamal Haladi' is an organic deities. Goddess Lakshmi is angry as Her and aromatic variety of turmeric grown in husband, Lord Jagannath, goes for the Ratha Kandhamal Yatra with His siblings by leaving Her behind. district of After He comes back, She locks the Temple Odisha, that door and does not allow Him to enter. The earned the GI divine couple has a conversation that is called "Lakshmi Narayana Bachanika". To tag recognition placate Goddess Lakshmi, and to enter the on Utkala Temple, Lord Jagannath offers Rasagola to Dibasa 2019. His wife. This is called "Manabhanjana". This Turmeric is is a continuing tradition on Niladri Bije from called "Haladi" centuries. in and Rasagola is mentioned in many "Haldi" in Hindi. Haladi is the main cash crop ancient Odia texts. Many books like the of the tribals. Mr. L. S. S. O. Mally (Annual 15th Century Odia Ramayana, called 'Dandi District Gazetteer 1908) mentions Ramayana', mention chhena and Rasagola. Kandhamal Haladi. Chhena (cottage-cheese) is the main Odisha Rasagola ingredient used for preparation of Rasagola and other dishes. Chhena dishes have been GI Application No.-612 a part of Mahaprasad of Lord Jagannath for Type- Food Stuff long. Many Odia sweets like chhenaladu, Certificate Date: 29/07/2019 chhenamanda, chhenabada/chhenabara etc. "Odisha Rasagola" earned the GI have been traditionally prepared from Tag in 2019; the GI application was chhena and other ingredients from centuries. submitted in 2018. As per Puri Temple's strict rituals Rasagola has been traditionally and customs, dishes are prepared using only offered for centuries as 'bhog' on Niladri indigenous vegetables, fruits and grocery. xvii We need to know so that we can feel proud of our culture and heritage. Odisha has 30 districts, but only 17 GIs so far. There are many products of Odisha that deserve the GI tag. If a potential GI product is registered from each district, then there will be "One District One Product" (ODOP) and the number of GIs will increase. Let's all pledge to consciously use and encourage everyone to use and promote 'Made In India' goods and GI products - the "invaluable Chilly, potato, tomato etc., are still not being treasures of incredible India". used to prepare Mahaprasad. Contrary to Let's be responsible brand popular belief, and as per Jagannath culture ambassadors and ethical consumers and experts and sebayats, nothing called support our producer groups, artisans, 'Khiramohana', 'khira mohana', or 'kheer weavers, farmers, and food-stuff makers, mohan' is or has ever been offered in Puri and contribute to our India's economy and Temple. Rasagola has been a continuing actively participate in our nation's tradition for centuries on the last day of the development and progress. We still have Ratha Yatra at Puri, Odisha. many miles to travel and many milestones Conclusion ahead on our GI road… GI products are linked with the We look forward to a GI function culture, traditions, history, reputation etc. of by Odisha State Govt. It will be great to a geographical location. However, many are commemorate the first anniversary of Odisha yet to learn, know, appreciate or use these Rasagola GI Tag in July and raise awareness products. People are yet to be aware about about the GIs of Odisha. the names of the GI products of their states. Jay Jagannath! Only when info is shared, people can learn Bande Utkala Janani! and be aware. Vande Mataram!

Dr. Anita Sabat, Odita Trust, Sahidnagar, Bhubaneswar, E-mail : [email protected].

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