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Computationally Guided Design of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors Lauren C
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/772137; this version posted September 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Computationally Guided Design of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors Lauren C. Reynolds1, Morgan P. Connolly2,3, Justin B. Siegel1,2,4* 1. Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America 2. Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America 3. Microbiology Graduate Group, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America 4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America ABSTRACT: The Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) epidemic undoubtedly creates a need for the development of new phar- maceuticals. With the goal of generating new therapeutics for this disease, computational studies were conducted to design novel dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Two candidates, generated by chemical intuition-driven design and bioiso- steric replacement, were found to have better docking scores than anagliptin, a currently available diabetes medication. INTRODUCTION debate in recent years for other gliptins as well. A recent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is dubbed the meta-analysis seems to suggest a possible increased pan- “epidemic of the 21st century”— affecting millions of pa- creatitis risk for sitagliptin -
200 Adverse Drug Reactions in a Southern Hospital in Taiwan 201
200 Adverse Drug Reactions in a southern hospital in Taiwan Yuhong Lin1 1Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Tainan Branch, Tainan City, Taiwan Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reporting in a southern hospital in Taiwan. Methods: It was a retrospective study of ADRs reporting in 2016. We analysed ADRs which contain gender and age, occurring sources, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification of suspected drugs, management of ADRs and so on. Results: The study collected eighty-nine ADRs reported. Most of ADRs reported were occurring in outpatient department (87.6%). The average age of ADRs reported was 67.6 years. Majority of all ADRs reported were females (55.1%). According to ATC classification system, the major classification of suspected drugs were Sensory organs (32.6%). Among the adverse reactions, Dermatologic Effects (37.1%) were the major type of ADRs. Also, the major management of ADRs was to stop using the current suspected drug (46.1%). Conclusion: Certainly, ADRs reporting are still a very important information to healthcare professionals. As a result, we put all information of ADRs reported into medical system in our hospital and it will improve the safety of medication use. In case of prescribe the suspected medicines, it can remind doctor to think of information about patient's ADRs reported. No drugs is administered without risk. Therefore, all healthcare professionals should have a responsibility to their patients, who themselves are becoming more aware of problems -
CDR Clinical Review Report for Soliqua
CADTH COMMON DRUG REVIEW Clinical Review Report Insulin glargine and lixisenatide injection (Soliqua) (Sanofi-Aventis) Indication: adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on basal insulin (less than 60 units daily) alone or in combination with metformin. Service Line: CADTH Common Drug Review Version: Final (with redactions) Publication Date: January 2019 Report Length: 118 Pages Disclaimer: The information in this document is intended to help Canadian health care decision-makers, health care professionals, health systems leaders, and policy-makers make well-informed decisions and thereby improve the quality of health care services. While patients and others may access this document, the document is made available for informational purposes only and no representations or warranties are made with respect to its fitness for any particular purpose. The information in this document should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice or as a substitute for the application of clinical judgment in respect of the care of a particular patient or other professional judgment in any decision-making process. The Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) does not endorse any information, drugs, therapies, treatments, products, processes, or services. While care has been taken to ensure that the information prepared by CADTH in this document is accurate, complete, and up-to-date as at the applicable date the material was first published by CADTH, CADTH does not make any guarantees to that effect. CADTH does not guarantee and is not responsible for the quality, currency, propriety, accuracy, or reasonableness of any statements, information, or conclusions contained in any third-party materials used in preparing this document. -
Neuropeptide Y6 Receptors Are Critical Regulators of Energy Metabolism
NEUROPEPTIDE Y6 RECEPTORS ARE CRITICAL REGULATORS OF ENERGY METABOLISM Ernie Yulyaningsih A thesis in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy St Vincent’s Clinical School Faculty of Medicine February 2014 Table of Contents GENERAL INTRODUCTION ....................................................................... 2 Obesity .......................................................................................................... 3 Regulators of energy homeostasis................................................................ 3 Neuropeptide Y ............................................................................................ 4 The Y1 receptor ......................................................................................... 6 The Y2 receptor ......................................................................................... 9 The Y4 receptor ....................................................................................... 16 The Y5 receptor ....................................................................................... 21 The Y6 receptor ....................................................................................... 25 Hypothesis and overall aims of the study .................................................. 28 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES ............................................................. 29 Generation and genotyping of the Y6-/--LacZ mouse ................................ 30 Animal experiments .................................................................................. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2012/0022039 A1 Schwink Et Al
US 20120022039A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2012/0022039 A1 Schwink et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jan. 26, 2012 (54) NOVEL SUBSTITUTED INDANES, METHOD Publication Classification FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND USE (51) Int. Cl. THEREOF AS DRUGS A 6LX 3L/397 (2006.01) C07D 207/06 (2006.01) C07D 2L/22 (2006.01) C07D 22.3/04 (2006.01) (75) Inventors: Lothar Schwink, Frankfurt am C07D 22L/22 (2006.01) Main (DE); Siegfried Stengelin, C07C 235/54 (2006.01) Frankfurt am Main (DE); Matthias C07D 307/14 (2006.01) Gossel, Frankfurt am Main (DE); A63L/35 (2006.01) Klaus Wirth, Frankfurt am Main A6II 3/40 (2006.01) (DE) A6II 3/445 (2006.01) A6II 3/55 (2006.01) A63L/439 (2006.01) A6II 3/66 (2006.01) (73) Assignee: SANOFI, Paris (FR) A6II 3/34 (2006.01) A6IP3/10 (2006.01) A6IP3/04 (2006.01) A6IP3/06 (2006.01) (21) Appl. No.: 13/201410 A6IPL/I6 (2006.01) A6IP3/00 (2006.01) C07D 309/04 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. .................... 514/210.01; 549/426: 548/578; (22) PCT Filed: Feb. 12, 2010 546/205; 540/484; 546/112:564/176; 549/494; 514/459:514/408: 514/319; 514/212.01; 514/299; 514/622:514/471 (86). PCT No.: PCT/EP2010/051796 (57) ABSTRACT The invention relates to substituted indanes and derivatives S371 (c)(1), thereof, to physiologically acceptable salts and physiologi (2), (4) Date: Oct. 4, 2011 cally functional derivatives thereof, to the production thereof, to drugs containing at least one substituted indane according (30) Foreign Application Priority Data to the invention or derivative thereof, and to the use of the Substituted indanes according to the invention and to deriva Feb. -
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes and Adverse Events Associated with Glucose-Lowering Drugs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: a Meta-Analysis
Online Supplementary Content Palmer SC, Mavridis D, Nicolucci A, et al. Comparison of clinical outcomes and adverse events associated with glucose-lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9400. eMethods. Summary of Statistical Analysis eTable 1. Search Strategies eTable 2. Description of Included Clinical Trials Evaluating Drug Classes Given as Monotherapy eTable 3. Description of Included Clinical Trials Evaluating Drug Classes Given as Dual Therapy Added to Metformin eTable 4. Description of Included Clinical Trials Evaluating Drug Classes Given as Triple Therapy When Added to Metformin Plus Sulfonylurea eTable 5. Risks of Bias in Clinical Trials Evaluating Drug Classes Given as Monotherapy eTable 6. Risks of Bias in Clinical Trials Evaluating Drug Classes Given as Dual Therapy Added to Metformin eTable 7. Risks of Bias in Clinical Trials Evaluating Drug Classes Given as Triple Therapy When Added to Metformin plus Sulfonylurea eTable 8. Estimated Global Inconsistency in Networks of Outcomes eTable 9. Estimated Heterogeneity in Networks eTable 10. Definitions of Treatment Failure Outcome eTable 11. Contributions of Direct Evidence to the Networks of Treatments eTable 12. Network Meta-analysis Estimates of Comparative Treatment Associations for Drug Classes Given as Monotherapy eTable 13. Network Meta-analysis Estimates of Comparative Treatment Associations for Drug Classes When Used in Dual Therapy (in Addition to Metformin) eTable 14. Network Meta-analysis Estimates of Comparative Treatment Effects for Drug Classes Given as Triple Therapy eTable 15. Meta-regression Analyses for Drug Classes Given as Monotherapy (Compared With Metformin) eTable 16. Subgroup Analyses of Individual Sulfonylurea Drugs (as Monotherapy) on Hypoglycemia eTable 17. -
Stems for Nonproprietary Drug Names
USAN STEM LIST STEM DEFINITION EXAMPLES -abine (see -arabine, -citabine) -ac anti-inflammatory agents (acetic acid derivatives) bromfenac dexpemedolac -acetam (see -racetam) -adol or analgesics (mixed opiate receptor agonists/ tazadolene -adol- antagonists) spiradolene levonantradol -adox antibacterials (quinoline dioxide derivatives) carbadox -afenone antiarrhythmics (propafenone derivatives) alprafenone diprafenonex -afil PDE5 inhibitors tadalafil -aj- antiarrhythmics (ajmaline derivatives) lorajmine -aldrate antacid aluminum salts magaldrate -algron alpha1 - and alpha2 - adrenoreceptor agonists dabuzalgron -alol combined alpha and beta blockers labetalol medroxalol -amidis antimyloidotics tafamidis -amivir (see -vir) -ampa ionotropic non-NMDA glutamate receptors (AMPA and/or KA receptors) subgroup: -ampanel antagonists becampanel -ampator modulators forampator -anib angiogenesis inhibitors pegaptanib cediranib 1 subgroup: -siranib siRNA bevasiranib -andr- androgens nandrolone -anserin serotonin 5-HT2 receptor antagonists altanserin tropanserin adatanserin -antel anthelmintics (undefined group) carbantel subgroup: -quantel 2-deoxoparaherquamide A derivatives derquantel -antrone antineoplastics; anthraquinone derivatives pixantrone -apsel P-selectin antagonists torapsel -arabine antineoplastics (arabinofuranosyl derivatives) fazarabine fludarabine aril-, -aril, -aril- antiviral (arildone derivatives) pleconaril arildone fosarilate -arit antirheumatics (lobenzarit type) lobenzarit clobuzarit -arol anticoagulants (dicumarol type) dicumarol -
Estimation of Anagliptin and Metformin HCI in Bulk
AEGAEUM JOURNAL ISSN NO: 0776-3808 “ESTIMATION OF ANAGLIPTIN AND METFORMIN HCl IN BULK & PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM USING STABILITY INDICATING HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY” Ruchi H. Majithia*1 & Dr. Akruti Khodadiya2 *Assistant Professor, SAL Institute of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat- 380060 1Research Scholar, C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy and Research, Gujarat- 363030 1Mail ID: [email protected] 1Mobile No: +91-8155921801 2Associate Professor, C.U. Shah University, Wadhwan city, Gujarat- 363030 2Mail ID: [email protected] *Corresponding author Volume 8, Issue 7, 2020 http://aegaeum.com/ Page No: 46 AEGAEUM JOURNAL ISSN NO: 0776-3808 ABSTRACT: A simple, accurate and precise stability indicating high performance liquid chromatography was developed and validated for estimation of Anagliptin and Metformin HCl in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. The mobile phase Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Buffer (pH 2.7): Acetonitrile solution in the ratio of (15:85% V/V) at detection wavelength 243 nm for Anagliptin and Metformin and flow rate 2 mL/min and the retention time for Anagliptin and Metformin HCl was found to be 11.23 and 6.02 respectively. The method was linear over the concentration ranges 10-60 μg/mL for Anagliptin and 25-150 μg/mL for Metformin. The LOD was 1.158 μg/mL for Anagliptin and 2.344 μg/mL for Metformin. The LOQ was 3.508 μg/mL for Anagliptin and 7.102 μg/mL for Metformin. During stress conditions, ANA degraded significantly under acidic, alkaline, oxidative and thermal stress conditions; degraded moderately under photolytic stress conditions; and showed negligible degradation under elevated temperature and humidity conditions. -
Instituto Superior De Ciências Da Saúde Egas Moniz
INSTITUTO SUPERIOR DE CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE EGAS MONIZ MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS REGULAÇÃO DO COMPORTAMENTO ALIMENTAR E NOVOS ALVOS TERAPÊUTICOS Trabalho submetido por Christelle Sophia Paulino Rodrigues para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas Trabalho orientado por Doutora Véronique Sena Outubro de 2013 Agradecimentos Agradecimentos Embora esta tese seja individual, não poderia deixar de usar este espaço para agradecer quem me apoiou durante esta fase e durante os cinco anos anteriores aquando a minha formação académica. As palavras não são suficientes para descrever o sentimento de agradecimento, mas o sentimento é real e profundo. Em primeiro lugar, gostaria de agradecer o Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz que me forneceu o ensino adequado para me ajudar a cumprir os meus objetivos. À professora Véronique pela presença, pela orientação, pelo tempo de dedicou e pela ajuda que forneceu. Este trabalho não teria existido sem a professora. À Salete e ao Francisco que se disponibilizaram para me ajudar a corrigir a gramática e a ortografia. Ao meus amigos, familiares e colegas, que sempre acreditaram em mim. Ao meu irmão, por ser quem é. Aos meus pais pelo apoio moral, pela dedicação, pelo carinho e pelos sacrifícios que fizeram para eu chegar ao fim desta etapa. Dedico-lhes esta tese por isso, e por tudo o mais que fizeram por mim. A todos, obrigado. 3 Regulação do comportamento alimentar e novo alvos terapêuticos Resumo O comportamento alimentar depende da regulação do equilíbrio entre a ingestão de calorias e o gasto energético. Esta regulação ocorre a nível cerebral onde o hipotálamo exerce um papel fundamental. -
GPCR/G Protein
Inhibitors, Agonists, Screening Libraries www.MedChemExpress.com GPCR/G Protein G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) perceive many extracellular signals and transduce them to heterotrimeric G proteins, which further transduce these signals intracellular to appropriate downstream effectors and thereby play an important role in various signaling pathways. G proteins are specialized proteins with the ability to bind the nucleotides guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and guanosine diphosphate (GDP). In unstimulated cells, the state of G alpha is defined by its interaction with GDP, G beta-gamma, and a GPCR. Upon receptor stimulation by a ligand, G alpha dissociates from the receptor and G beta-gamma, and GTP is exchanged for the bound GDP, which leads to G alpha activation. G alpha then goes on to activate other molecules in the cell. These effects include activating the MAPK and PI3K pathways, as well as inhibition of the Na+/H+ exchanger in the plasma membrane, and the lowering of intracellular Ca2+ levels. Most human GPCRs can be grouped into five main families named; Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Frizzled/Taste2, and Secretin, forming the GRAFS classification system. A series of studies showed that aberrant GPCR Signaling including those for GPCR-PCa, PSGR2, CaSR, GPR30, and GPR39 are associated with tumorigenesis or metastasis, thus interfering with these receptors and their downstream targets might provide an opportunity for the development of new strategies for cancer diagnosis, prevention and treatment. At present, modulators of GPCRs form a key area for the pharmaceutical industry, representing approximately 27% of all FDA-approved drugs. References: [1] Moreira IS. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Jan;1840(1):16-33. -
Download Product Insert (PDF)
PRODUCT INFORMATION Velneperit Item No. 33850 CAS Registry No.: 342577-38-2 Formal Name: trans-4-[[(1,1-dimethylethyl)sulfonyl] F amino]-N-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]- F cyclohexanecarboxamide N F Synonym: S-2367 O MF: C17H24F3N3O3S FW: 407.5 O N Purity: ≥98% S H UV/Vis.: λ: 244, 279 nm N max O Supplied as: A solid H Storage: -20°C Stability: ≥2 years Information represents the product specifications. Batch specific analytical results are provided on each certificate of analysis. Laboratory Procedures Velneperit is supplied as a solid. A stock solution may be made by dissolving the velneperit in the solvent of choice, which should be purged with an inert gas. Velneperit is soluble in the organic solvent DMSO. Description 1 Velneperit is a nonpeptide antagonist of neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptor Y5 (Ki = 5.3 nM). It is selective for Y5 over Y1, Y2, and Y4 receptors, as well as a panel of 44 receptors, ion channels, transporters and enzymes, at 10 µM. Velneperit inhibits NPY-induced decreases in forskolin-induced cAMP production in CHO-K1 cells expressing the human Y5 receptor (IC50 = 169 nM). In vivo, velneperit (50 mg/kg) suppresses Y5 agonist-induced increases in food intake in high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. It also reduces body weight gain and suppresses food intake in DIO mice. Reference 1. Fukasaka, Y., Nambu, H., Tanioka, H., et al. An insurmountable NPY Y5 receptor antagonist exhibits superior anti-obesity effects in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Neuropeptides 70, 55-63 (2018). WARNING CAYMAN CHEMICAL THIS PRODUCT IS FOR RESEARCH ONLY - NOT FOR HUMAN OR VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0202317 A1 Rau Et Al
US 20150202317A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0202317 A1 Rau et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jul. 23, 2015 (54) DIPEPTDE-BASED PRODRUG LINKERS Publication Classification FOR ALPHATIC AMNE-CONTAINING DRUGS (51) Int. Cl. A647/48 (2006.01) (71) Applicant: Ascendis Pharma A/S, Hellerup (DK) A638/26 (2006.01) A6M5/9 (2006.01) (72) Inventors: Harald Rau, Heidelberg (DE); Torben A 6LX3/553 (2006.01) Le?mann, Neustadt an der Weinstrasse (52) U.S. Cl. (DE) CPC ......... A61K 47/48338 (2013.01); A61 K3I/553 (2013.01); A61 K38/26 (2013.01); A61 K (21) Appl. No.: 14/674,928 47/48215 (2013.01); A61M 5/19 (2013.01) (22) Filed: Mar. 31, 2015 (57) ABSTRACT The present invention relates to a prodrug or a pharmaceuti Related U.S. Application Data cally acceptable salt thereof, comprising a drug linker conju (63) Continuation of application No. 13/574,092, filed on gate D-L, wherein D being a biologically active moiety con Oct. 15, 2012, filed as application No. PCT/EP2011/ taining an aliphatic amine group is conjugated to one or more 050821 on Jan. 21, 2011. polymeric carriers via dipeptide-containing linkers L. Such carrier-linked prodrugs achieve drug releases with therapeu (30) Foreign Application Priority Data tically useful half-lives. The invention also relates to pharma ceutical compositions comprising said prodrugs and their use Jan. 22, 2010 (EP) ................................ 10 151564.1 as medicaments. US 2015/0202317 A1 Jul. 23, 2015 DIPEPTDE-BASED PRODRUG LINKERS 0007 Alternatively, the drugs may be conjugated to a car FOR ALPHATIC AMNE-CONTAINING rier through permanent covalent bonds.