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MAPA DE PELIGROS DEL VOLCÁN UBINAS Instituto Geológico Minero Y Metalúrgico 290000 295000 300000 305000 310000

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MAPA DE PELIGROS DEL VOLCÁN UBINAS Instituto Geológico Minero Y Metalúrgico 290000 295000 300000 305000 310000 MAPA DE PELIGROS DEL VOLCÁN UBINAS Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico 290000 295000 300000 305000 310000 4 0 0 0 INTRODUCCIÓN 4 6 0 i 0 Este m ap a re p re se nta c on d istintos c olore s las zonas susc e p tib le s d e se r afe c tad as c on m ayor fre c ue nc ia p or ne n cu a 3 n 6 a s u 0 io H o 0 d ife re nte sfe nóm e nosvolc ánic osc om o c aíd a d e c e niza y p ie d ra p óm e z,flujos p iroc lástic os,flujos d e b arro (lahare s), 0 R n 0 4 a 0 4 0 0 Qd C 0 0 4 a 0 avalanc ha d e e sc om b rosy flujos d e lava. Se d istingue ntre s zonas: Alto p e ligro e n c olorrojo, m od e rad o p e ligro e n Q 80 . d . 0 C 0 a 0 . ol Q a pa 0 ue 3800 0 na d 2 pe 2 naranja y b ajo p e ligro e n am arillo. La zona c e rc ana al c ráte r (rojo), la m ás p e ligrosa, se ría afe c tad a c on m ayor Q 8 Qda. Ajane 8 fre c ue nc iap or tod os los fe nóm e nos,m ie ntras q ue la zona am arilla se ría afe c tad a p or p oc os fe nóm e nosy sólo e n Ü Qd a. 4 Ta 200 co e rup c ione sd e e xc e p c ionalm agnitud .La d e te rm inac iónd e zonas d e p e ligro e stáb asad a e n una c om b inac ióno sum a ne d e tod os los p e ligros q ue p ue d e n afe c tar d ic has áre as. METODOLOGÍA ipa era Arequ -Yal ret ag ar u C a 4600 e Para d e lim itarlas zonas d e p e ligro se tuvo e n c ue nta los e stud iosge ológic os,m od e lam ie ntosp orc om p utad orap ara laqu ca 0 ha 0 Q Q C 6 da. flujos d e b arro o lahare s, c álc ulos d e líne as d e e ne rgía, p ara d e te rm inard istanc ias hasta d ond e p ue d e n alc anzar da. 4 d Ccapul Q 0 a ia 0 0 . 0 4 T 8 4 i Q futurosflujos p iroc lástic osy avalanc hasd e e sc om b ros.Ad e m ás,e je m p losanálogos d e e rup c ione soc urrid ase n otros 4 n g d u a y o . volc ane s d e l m und o. Al p ie d e l m ap a se c itan las p rinc ip ale s re fe re nc ias q ue c ontrib uye ron e n su c onfe c c ión. c J u m i 4 r 4 400 0 a 0 0 in TIPOS DE PELIGROS VOLCÁNICOS MÁS FRECUENTES EN EL VOLCÁN UBINAS im Ch . 0 a 4 0 d 0 8 8 Q 0 00 4 0 8 0 4 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 4 5 5 CAÍDA DE CENIZA Y PIEDRA PÓMEZ 9 9 1 1 8 Rio de 8 Torata 4 8 Éstas se ge ne ran c uand o los fragm e ntosd e roc a son e xp ulsad os hac ia la atm ósfe ra viole ntam e nte ,form and o una 0 0 46 c olum nae rup tiva alta, q ue p oste riorm e ntec ae n sob re la sup e rfic ie te rre stre .Los fragm e ntosm ás grand e s y d e nsos 00 3 0 c ae n c e rc a d e lvolc án y se d e nom inanb om b as o b loq ue s (>64 m m ), m ie ntras q ue las p artíc ulasd e m e nortam añ o, 8 0 0 0 0 4 d e nom inad aslap illip óm e z(2-64 m m ) y c e niza (<2 m m ) son lle vad as p ore lvie nto a grand e s d istanc ias,lue go c ae n y 4 2 form an una c ap a d e varios m ilím e troso c e ntím e trosd e e sp e sor.Estas p artíc ulasp ue d e n c ausarp rob le m asd e salud 0 0 R i o e n las p e rsonas,c ontam inarlas fue nte sd e agua, afe c tarc ultivos,inte rrum p ire ltráfic o aé re o,e tc . La c aíd a d e c e niza VOLCÁN UBINAS P a 0 r 0 a 42 oc urre e ntre d os y se is ve c e s c ad a c ie n añ os. e u q a l Laguna Piscococha 0 a 0 Qda. Lulucani 4 m 5 A FLUJOS DE BARRO (HUAYCOS O LAHARES) . a 5 d 6 0 Q 0 800 56 4 00 o Q 52 Q y d 00 d a 0 a jo . H 0 . i u Los flujos d e b arro son m e zc las d e fragm e ntosd e roc a volc ánic a d e tam añ os d ive rsos m ovilizad osp ore lagua, q ue 50 In h a f C ta ie . m rn a pu fluye n ráp id am e nte ,c on ve loc id ad e sp rom e d ioe ntre 10 y 20 m /s. Se ge ne ran e n p e riod osd e e rup c ión o d e re p oso ill d o Q volc ánic o.Elagua p ue d e p rove nird e fue rte s lluvias o d e la fusión d e hie lo o nie ve . Estos flujos viajan a lo largo d e 0 0 0 0 0 0 q ue b rad aso ríos, y e ve ntualm e ntep ue d e n salirse d e e stos c auc e s. Eláre a afe c tad a d e p e nd e d e lvolum e n d e agua 0 0 9 9 1 1 m ate riale ssue ltos d isp onib le s,asíc om o d e la p e nd ie nte d e láre a. Norm alm e nted e struye ntod o a su p aso y p ue d e n 8 8 4 re c orre r grand e s d istanc ias (>100 km ). Los flujos d e b arro son m uy c om une s d urante e rup c ione s d e l U b inas. 600 Ri o V ol oc ca eray nm ortad ay a. C o d 4 Q 0 3800 0 0 FLUJOS PIROCLÁSTICOS Querapi ") Los flujos p iroc lástic osson m e zc lasd e c e niza,fragm e ntosd e roc a y gase s c alie nte s(300 °C a 800 °C). De sc ie nd e n p or Q R d io S los flanc os d e l volc án a ras d e la sup e rfic ie y a grand e s ve loc id ad e s, e ntre 100 y 300 m /s. Están c onstituíd os a. acu ipa Po aya u s 0 Q q Para to 0 norm alm e ntep oruna p arte infe riord e nsa, q ue se e nc auza y d e sp laza p ore lfond o d e las q ue b rad aso valle s, y otra e 6 r c d ") o 4 A n UBINAS a 0 ra e ") . 0 8 te I 3 sup e rior,m e nosd e nsad e nom inad aole ad ap iroc lástic a,c om p ue stap oruna nub e d e gase sy c e nizaq ue c on fre c ue nc ia e ñ rr Q R a n a d i C a o e sale n d e lvalle , p ud ie nd o afe c tarun áre a m ayor. Estos flujos d e struye ny c alc inan tod o lo q ue e nc ue ntrana su p aso, . 3 P 0 C 4 4 a 6 0 0 Escacha 0 h 0 0 8 r ") son p oc o fre c ue nte s e n la ac tivid ad históric a d e l U b inas y oc urre n e ntre 2000 y 500 añ os. 4 i a f l o n lo il Tonohaya b ") 3 4 m 0 a 0 T o e i n 4800 R Sacuhaya R 0 u ") i 400 c o AVALANCHA DE ESCOMBROS n U a 0 b 0 u in 0 H a 0 Las avalanc has d e e sc om b rosson d e slizam ie ntosráp id os d e lflanc o d e un volc án.
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