Sonderdrucke aus der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg
ALBRECHT KESSLER
The palaeohydrology of the Late Pleistocene Lake Tauca on the Bolivian Altiplano and recent climatic fluctuations
Originalbeitrag erschienen in: J. C. Vogel (Hrsg.): Late Cainozoic palaeoclimates of the Southern Hemisphere : proceedings of an international symposium held by the South African Society for Quaternary Research in Swaziland, 29 August - 2 September 1983. Rotterdam [u.a.]: Balkema, 1984, S. 115 - 122 SASQUA Int rn t n l S p S z l nd 2 A t 2 S pt b r 8 The palaeohydrology of the Late Pleistocene Lake Tauca on the Bolivian Altiplano and recent climatic fluctuations
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RECENT CLIMATIC FLUCTUATIONS
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20 5 m. Examination of the water budget (Kessler 1974) showed that the long-term fluctuations of the level are due mainly to changes in preci- pitation onto the lake and the catchment area. Fluctuations in outflow through the Desaguadero River and lake evaporation are only of sub ,- ordinate significance. The long-term fluctuations of Lake Titicaca can therefore be regarded as a good indicator for the changes in precipita- tion on the Altiplano. In order to clarify the connection between recent circulation anoma- lies and fluctuations of precipitation, the monthly mean values of the zonal wind component at 500 mb above Antofagasta were examined from May 1958 to April 1967 and correlated with the level fluctuations of Lake Titicaca. As Fig. 3 shows, high westerly wind components resulted when the lake level decreased and low components resulted when the lake level increased (with the exception of May and June). In other words, during the increase of the belt of the westerlies and its displacement to the north, a deficit of the amount of precipitation occurred, and vice versa. These observations suggest that a similar shift of the circulation belts occurred in the Late Pleistocene during the Huancane II readvance and the formation of Lake Tauca. In this context it should be mentioned that the considerable rise in the level of Lake Titicaca in 6 (Kessler 8 occurred to- gether with an increase in the snow cover on the land surfaces of the Northern Hemisphere and with a decrease in the sea ice cover on the Southern Hemisphere (Kukla 1981). This global asymmetry of the snow and ice cover and the simultaneous rise of the water level in Lake Titicaca can be seen qualitatively as a recent analogy to the Late Pleistocene Lake Tauca period.
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b . ll d r E z t n rd t r n. . Gl t h r nd 2 : 0 8 . tz r KW, G , St nr th nd l h A . l h dr l f t l t n l Al x nd r f nt n, K b rl , S th Afr . t r 24 : 28 0. l hn 8 . r p l l t v r t n d r n t l t n nd rl l n . In: A r r ( d. , Cl t v r t n nd v r b l t . t Adv. St d In t t t S r , S r. C, v l. 2. p. 2 242. G ll W 0. h f ll l l l t n th th t rn Un t d St t . Ann. A . A . G r ph r 60:24 2 6. Gr f K 8 . l n l l nv t t n f t p t l l p t b n r th b nd r f l v nd r . . r. 8: 68. Gr v A nd ll n A 6 . S p t f th l t n p l r ph f th Ch d n. In: C ll nd rl r ( d . Afr n E l nd n Ev l t n, . 6. Ad l n , Ch . p. 2 0 24 . t nr th S 6 . Ob rv t n n th n l n n th r v n And . . Gl l. 6: 4 0. d W 6 . Erf rd rn d h t nd d t n M r d Ann h v n l v l t n hr nd d l t z n ? M t. d h. 22:2 40. 8. A r v f th l t t rn r l t h t r f Ant r t . In: EM v n nd r n r ( d. , Ant r t l l h t r nd rld p l nv r n nt . l , tt rd . p. . n K . b ht n n nd Ub rl n n z r z tl h n pr n v n S hn r nz nd Str t rb d n r nz n d n r p n nd S b tr p n. Erd nd , Ar h.f. .G r ph : 6 8.
121 K l r A 6 . Cl t nd h dr l f th Alt pl n ( l v , r d r n th l x f th l t l t n (G r . . Erd nd , Ar h.f. .G r ph : 6 . K l r A 66. nt h n n th r f th d r nd th r n f l Ur Ur , l v n Alt pl n (G r . . Erd nd , Ar h.f. .G r ph 20: 4 204. K l r A 0. On th nn l v r t n f th p t nt l v p r t n n th b n f l t (G r . . Ar h. M t. G ph. l., S r. 8:2 2 2. K l r A 4. At ph r r l t n n l nd l v l fl t t n f l t (G r . . nn r M t. Abh. : 6 2. K l r A 8 . l t t n f th t r b d t n th Alt pl n nd f th t ph r r l t n (G r . . A h n r G r ph h Arb t n 4: 22. K l r A nd M nh 68. h t r b d t f l t rd n t n r nt (G r . . Erd nd , Ar h.f. .G r ph 22:2 28 . K l G 8 . Cl t r l f n v r . In: I All n ( d. , S l v l, nd l t h n . AM bl. n . . p. 0 . K tzb h E 80. E t t f p t l t t p l l Ch d, rth Afr , b d n h dr l l nd n r b l n d d l. Q t. . 4:2 0 22 . r W 82. j n l z l rl ndv r l t h r n W d r Ap l b b K rd ll r . rtr f d r EUQUA n n r h, 6.8. 82 ( n r pt pp. . p ld . l t n l t n M x . A . . S . 24 : 2 68. r C, M rl v t , z l nd r h t M . A 0 000 r t p l t r rd fr Ant r t . t r 280:644 648. M r r 8. Gl l d v l p nt nd t p r t r tr nd n th Ant r t nd n S th A r . In: EM v n nd r n r ( d. , Ant r t l l h t r nd rld p l nv r n nt . l , tt rd . p. . M r r MI nd l 0 . d rb n d t n f th l t l t n n r . G l :600 604. M 0. El r tr d l l r n l rd ll r r l, l v . G r. v. p n 4 : 8 46. S l n r M 8 . l l t n rth nd th. t r 2 : 06 0 . S rv nt M nd nt C 8. l t rn r d h t pl t x d And l v nn , pr r nt rpr t t n p l l t . C h. O. .S. .O.M. Sr. G l. 0: 2 . Sn d r C nd n b n W 62. h l t n l n Spr n v ll , v d , nd t l t pl t n . . ph . . 6 : 2 8 2 4. Str t rr tt A nd b rt 8 . l t t n n l d b n l n nd t r f p t t ph r r l t n p tt rn . In: A Str t rr tt t l. ( d . , r t n n th l b l t r b d t. d l bl. C p n . p. 4 . .W ndt W . G r nd . Spr n r, rl n GOtt n n d lb r . 20 pp.
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