List of Highest Mountains
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Sherpi Kangri II, Southeast Ridge Pakistan, Karakoram, Saltoro Group
AAC Publications Sherpi Kangri II, Southeast Ridge Pakistan, Karakoram, Saltoro Group Sherpi Kangri II (ca 7,000m according to Eberhard Jurgalski and the Miyamori and Seyfferth maps; higher and lower heights also appear in print) lies at 35°28'45"N, 76°48'21"E on the Line of Control between the India- and Pakistan-controlled sectors of the East Karakoram. Prior to 2019, it had been attempted only once. In 1974, a Japanese expedition trying the east ridge of Sherpi Kangri I (7,380m) gave up and instead reported fixing around 1,000m of rope up the southeast ridge of Sherpi Kangri II, before retreating at 6,300m due to technical difficulty. On August 7, Matt Cornell, Jackson Marvel, and I (all USA) summited this peak via the southeast ridge in seven days round trip from base camp. Porter shortages resulted in a significantly lower base camp than we had planned—at around 3,700m on the west bank of the Sherpi Gang Glacier, more or less level with the first icefall. This required establishing three additional camps several kilometers apart, ferrying loads through complicated terrain, to reach the glacier plateau below the peak. After investing much time and energy on this approach, including portering some of our own loads to base camp, we did not have time to acclimatize as slowly as we would have liked for higher elevations. We therefore chose the seemingly nontechnical southeast ridge, so that we could bail quickly if one of us began to show signs of acute altitude sickness. We climbed to the summit from our highest glacier camp over two days, with one bivouac on the ridge. -
CAPSTONE 20-1 SWA Field Study Trip Book Part II
CAPSTONE 20-1 SWA Field Study Trip Book Part II Subject Page Afghanistan ................................................................ CIA Summary ......................................................... 2 CIA World Fact Book .............................................. 3 BBC Country Profile ............................................... 24 Culture Gram .......................................................... 30 Kazakhstan ................................................................ CIA Summary ......................................................... 39 CIA World Fact Book .............................................. 40 BBC Country Profile ............................................... 58 Culture Gram .......................................................... 62 Uzbekistan ................................................................. CIA Summary ......................................................... 67 CIA World Fact Book .............................................. 68 BBC Country Profile ............................................... 86 Culture Gram .......................................................... 89 Tajikistan .................................................................... CIA World Fact Book .............................................. 99 BBC Country Profile ............................................... 117 Culture Gram .......................................................... 121 AFGHANISTAN GOVERNMENT ECONOMY Chief of State Economic Overview President of the Islamic Republic of recovering -
A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan
The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan PhD Thesis Submitted by Ehsan Mehmood Khan, PhD Scholar Regn. No. NDU-PCS/PhD-13/F-017 Supervisor Dr Muhammad Khan Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Faculties of Contemporary Studies (FCS) National Defence University (NDU) Islamabad 2017 ii The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan PhD Thesis Submitted by Ehsan Mehmood Khan, PhD Scholar Regn. No. NDU-PCS/PhD-13/F-017 Supervisor Dr Muhammad Khan This Dissertation is submitted to National Defence University, Islamabad in fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Faculties of Contemporary Studies (FCS) National Defence University (NDU) Islamabad 2017 iii Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for Doctor of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) Department NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY Islamabad- Pakistan 2017 iv CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION It is certified that the dissertation titled “The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan” written by Ehsan Mehmood Khan is based on original research and may be accepted towards the fulfilment of PhD Degree in Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS). ____________________ (Supervisor) ____________________ (External Examiner) Countersigned By ______________________ ____________________ (Controller of Examinations) (Head of the Department) v AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis titled “The Role of Geography in Human Security: A Case Study of Gilgit-Baltistan” is based on my own research work. Sources of information have been acknowledged and a reference list has been appended. -
Three Visions of Rimo III 8000Ers
20 T h e A l p i n e J o u r n A l 2 0 1 3 Ten minutes after news of the pair’s success was communicated from the summit to basecamp, Agnieszka Bielecka got a radio message from Gerf- ried Göschl’s team to say they were camped about 300m below the summit SIMON YEARSLEY, MALCOLM BASS and preparing to set off. Making the summit bid Göschl himself, Swiss & RACHEL ANTILL aspirant guide Cedric Hahlen, and Nisar Hussain Sadpara, one of three professional Pakistani mountaineers to have climbed all five Karakoram Three Visions of Rimo III 8000ers. None of them was heard from or seen again. Adam Bielecki and Janusz Golab had reached the 8068m top of Gasherbrum I at 8.30am on 9 March; their novel tactic for winter high altitude climbing of leaving camp at midnight had worked. But the weather window was about to close. They descended speedily but with great care, reaching camp III at 1pm, by which time the weather had seriously deteriorated. Pressing on, they arrived at Camp II at about 5pm, ‘slightly frostbitten and very happy’. On 10 March all four members of the Polish team reached base- camp; both summiteers were suffering from second-degree frostbite, Adam Bielecki to his nose and feet, Janusz Golab to his nose. With concern mounting for Göschl, Hahlen and Nisar Hussain, a rescue helicopter was called, however poor weather stalled any flights until The Polish Gasherbrum team.(Adam Bielecki) the 15th when Askari Aviation was able to fly to 7000m and study the route. -
The Vulnerable Red Panda Ailurus Fulgens in Bhutan: Distribution, Conservation Status and Management Recommendations
Review The Vulnerable red panda Ailurus fulgens in Bhutan: distribution, conservation status and management recommendations S ANGAY D ORJI,RAJANATHAN R AJARATNAM and K ARL V ERNES Abstract The red panda Ailurus fulgens is categorized Introduction as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Pressurized by an expanding human population, it is mainly threatened he red panda Ailurus fulgens is a threatened mammal by habitat destruction, with , 10,000 mature individuals Trestricted to temperate and sub-tropical forests of remaining. The red panda has been studied in India, China, the eastern Himalayas, with the exception of a tropical 2001 Nepal and, to a lesser extent, Myanmar, but no research has forest population in Meghalaya, India (Choudhury, ). 82 been published on this species in Bhutan. Here, we report on Its distribution ranges from western Nepal ( °E) into India, the current distribution and conservation status of the red Bhutan and northern Myanmar through to the Minshan panda in Bhutan using information gathered from field Mountains and upper Min Valley of Sichuan Province in 104 1999 surveys, interviews and unpublished reports. Red pandas are south-central China ( °E) (Wei et al., c; Choudhury, 2001 1 most common at 2,400–3,700 m altitude in fir Abies densa ; Fig. ). The red panda occurs as two subspecies forests with an undergrowth of bamboo. They occur in most that are biogeographically separated by the Salween 2001 national parks and associated biological corridors within (Nu Jiang) River in China (Choudhury, ; Wang et al., 2008 Bhutan’s protected area network, overlapping with a rural ). A. f. fulgens occurs in the west in Bhutan, Nepal, human population that is undergoing increased socio- India, northern Myanmar and China (southern Tibet and economic development. -
Mapping Wetlands in Bhutan
The Wetlands Sky High: Mapping Wetlands in Bhutan Prologue: Fire and Water1 One that shines early in the east, Is the sun that rises early in the east. If the sun does not rise from the east, Shall snows of the Himalayas melt? If snows of Himalayas do not melt, Shall fresh waters trickle down? If melted waters do not trickle down, Shall lakes accumulate at highlands? If lakes do not resource at highlands, Shall wetlands and vegetation grow? If vegetation do not profuse to trees, Shall cuckoos perch to sing their songs? If cuckoos do not sing their songs, Shall humanity hear their melodies? If winds do not carry loads of moistures, Shall the Himalayas have water cycle? 1 Translated from a traditional Bhutanese folk song “Shaar la ni haa lay mi shaar.” ii ii Preface The inventory of high altitude wetlands in Bhutan has come as a result of the inception of new conservation program at the WWF Bhutan Program Office called as the Freshwater conservation program focusing at securing freshwater habitats, water security and water stewardship. The main source of freshwater in Bhutan is the high altitude wetlands (glacial lakes) along with marshes, ponds, seasonally flooded forests, grasslands, rice fields and swamps. Despite their significant biological, spiritual and socio-cultural values, wetlands in Bhutan are not getting due concern and attention for its management and sustainable conservation. There are major threats to wetlands including unplanned and unregulated tourism, grazing pressure, loss of wetland ecosystem integrity, lack of awareness among the stakeholders, emerging threat of climate change and lack of coordination among various developmental agencies. -
2000 Ladakh and Zanskar-The Land of Passes
1 LADAKH AND ZANSKAR -THE LAND OF PASSES The great mountains are quick to kill or maim when mistakes are made. Surely, a safe descent is as much a part of the climb as “getting to the top”. Dead men are successful only when they have given their lives for others. Kenneth Mason, Abode of Snow (p. 289) The remote and isolated region of Ladakh lies in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, marking the western limit of the spread of Tibetan culture. Before it became a part of India in the 1834, when the rulers of Jammu brought it under their control, Ladakh was an independent kingdom closely linked with Tibet, its strong Buddhist culture and its various gompas (monasteries) such as Lamayuru, Alchi and Thiksey a living testimony to this fact. One of the most prominent monuments is the towering palace in Leh, built by the Ladakhi ruler, Singe Namgyal (c. 1570 to 1642). Ladakh’s inhospitable terrain has seen enough traders, missionaries and invading armies to justify the Ladakhi saying: “The land is so barren and the passes are so high that only the best of friends or worst of enemies would want to visit us.” The elevation of Ladakh gives it an extreme climate; burning heat by day and freezing cold at night. Due to the rarefied atmosphere, the sun’s rays heat the ground quickly, the dry air allowing for quick cooling, leading to sub-zero temperatures at night. Lying in the rain- shadow of the Great Himalaya, this arid, bare region receives scanty rainfall, and its primary source of water is the winter snowfall. -
A Siachen Peace Park?
HARISH KAPADIA A Siachen Peace Park? e were staying in army bunkers at base camp on the Siachen glacier. W In the next room I could hear my son, Nawang, then a young man of 20 years, talking with equally young lieutenants and captains of the Indian army. They were discussing their exploits on the glacier, the war and agitatedly talking about the friends being wounded and killed all around them. One well-meaning officer pointedly said to me as I entered the room to join the discussion: 'I am ready to fight for my country and defend the Siachen. But sir, I am young and I do not want my children and grand-children sitting on this high, forlorn Saltoro ridge defending the Siachen glacier. Why can't we have some solution to this wretched problem?' Another young officer added: 'Look at the glacier, a pristine mountain area polluted almost beyond repair. It will take decades, if not a century to rejuvenate. Something must be done.' These dedicated officers of the Indian army left the seed of an idea in my mind. This world is a legacy for the young, an area like Siachen belongs to them. They were ready to guard it with their lives; they meant well. My son, excited at the prospect of defending his country alongside other officers, had worked hard andjoined the army as a Gorkha Officer. Shortly thereafter he fell to a terrorist bullet in this bloody war in Kashmir. That seed of an idea became a raison d 'etre of my life. -
Visit Bhutan: Land of the Thunder Dragon
VISIT BHUTAN: LAND OF THE THUNDER DRAGON October 1 – 12, 2017 This trip is a benefit for: with Larry Robinson Board Member, Center for Climate Protection This very special tour of Bhutan, the last Buddhist kingdom in the Himalayas and the world’s only carbon negative country and, will provide insight into: » The people and their livelihoods— some lodged in the 16th century and some as current as today » Geography— from the temperate midlands into the foothills of the Himalayas, across rivers and through forests Itinerary: » An amazing culture— the unique aspects of Tibetan Buddhism and its manifestations in all Bhutanese life Day 1: OCT 1 Bangkok - Paro - » Stunning arts and architecture— from exquisite mandalas on walls and thankas to the arrangement of Thimphu buildings in an ancient monastery, the beauty of Bhutan will astound you Flight to Paro over the Himalayas. Meet our » The emerging government— how does this small constitutional monarchy focus on Gross Domestic guide and drive to Thimphu, the capital of Bhu- Happiness, balancing the needs for modernization and economic growth with the urgency of tan. Overnight in Thimphu. environmental protection, while hovering between political and economic giants China on the north and India to the south? Day 2: OCT 2 Thimphu We will join the celebrations at the third and Join us to learn the answers first hand. last day of Thimphu Tsechu, the main religious “This trip to Bhutan was pure delight! Our festival of the year. Enjoy a picnic lunch; spend knowledgeable guides covered the cultural, the whole day at the festival grounds. -
210 the AMERICAN ALPINE JOURNAL Chumathang, Mahadev
210 THE AMERICAN ALPINE JOURNAL Chumathang, Mahadev and Chokul, Eastern Ladakh. A 16-member Indian Army team led by Lieutenant Colonel J.N. Goel left Leh on July 26. They set up two camps beyond Base Camp. Nine members climbed Chumathang (20,300 feet) and another six climbed Mahadev (20,740 feet). Then seven members climbed Chokul (21,600 feet) on August 8 via the 2%-mile-long Chokul Glacier and the east and south ridges. Chokul had been unsuccessfully attempted in 1946 and 1947 by British parties. KAMAL K. GUHA, Himalayan Club Pakistan K 12. The Kyoto University Karakoram Expedition to K 12 was composed of Seiichi Kanayama, Shinichi Takagi, Tsutomu Ito, Satoshi Oku, Pakistani Second Lieutenant Zaffar Iqbal as liaison officer and me as leader. On July 25 we set up Base Camp at 15,425 feet on the moraine on the right bank of the Grachmolumba Glacier. Camp I was at 17,000 feet and Camp II at 18,700 feet. After crossing a great crevasse using a rope ladder, we reached a co1 northwest of K 12. Camp III was at 20,350 feet and Camp IV at 23,000 feet on the ridge. On August 30 Takagi and Ito started from Camp IV and reached the summit of K 12 (24,503 feet) at 5:40 P.M. They descended to 23,000 feet that night for a bivouac, where they were trapped by bad weather the next day. They transmitted this information to me at Camp II by walkie- talkie. On September 1 they began the descent. -
Indian Mountaineering Foundation Newsletter * Volume 8 * November 2018
Apex Indian Mountaineering Foundation Newsletter * Volume 8 * November 2018 Anne Gilbert Chase starting out on day 2. Nilkanth Southwest face, first ascent. Image courtesy: Jason Templeton. Climbers and porters at Tapovan with the Bhagarathi peaks behind. Image courtesy: Guy Buckingham Inside Apex Volume 8 Expedition Reports Jahnukot, Garhwal Himalaya, First Ascent - Malcolm Bass President Col. H. S. Chauhan Nilkanth, Garhwal Himalaya, First Ascent by Southwest Face - Chantal Astorga & Anne Chase Vice Presidents Saser Kangri IV, Kashmir Himalaya - Basanta Kr. Singha Roy AVM A K Bhattacharya Sukhinder Sandhu Special Feature Honorary Secretary Col Vijay Singh Western Himalayan Traverse - Bharat Bhushan Honorary Treasurer Treks and Explorations S. Bhattacharjee Green Lakes, Sikkim - Ahtushi Deshpande Governing Council Members Wg Cdr Amit Chowhdury Maj K S Dhami Manik Banerjee At the Indian Mountaineering Foundation Sorab D N Gandhi Brig M P Yadav Silver Jubilee celebrations: 1993 Women’s Expedition to Everest Mahavir Singh Thakur IMF Mountain Film Festival India Tour Yambem Laba Ms Reena Dharamshaktu IMF News Col S C Sharma Keerthi Pais Ms Sushma Nagarkar In the Indian Himalaya Ex-Officio Members News and events in the Indian Himalaya Secretary/Nominee, Ministry of Finance Book Releases Secretary/Nominee, Ministry of Youth Affairs & Recent books released on the Indian Himalaya Sports Expedition Notes Apex IMF Newsletter Volume 8 Jahnukot (6805m) First Ascent Garhwal Himalaya Jahnukot, Southwest Buttress. Image courtesy: Hamish Frost Malcolm Bass describes his recent climb of Jahnukot, Garhwal Himalaya, along with Guy Buckingham and Paul Figg. This was the First Ascent of this challenging mountain. The trio climbed via the Southwest Buttress onto the South Ridge. -
Modeling Wildfire Hazard in the Western Hindu Kush-Himalayas
San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks Master's Theses Master's Theses and Graduate Research Spring 2012 Modeling Wildfire Hazard in the Western Hindu Kush-Himalayas David Bylow San Jose State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses Recommended Citation Bylow, David, "Modeling Wildfire Hazard in the Western Hindu Kush-Himalayas" (2012). Master's Theses. 4126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.vaeh-q8zw https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4126 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Master's Theses and Graduate Research at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MODELING WILDFIRE HAZARD IN THE WESTERN HINDU KUSH-HIMALAYAS A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Geography San José State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts by: David Bylow May 2012 © 2012 David Bylow ALL RIGHTS RESERVED The Designated Thesis Committee Approves the Thesis Titled MODELING WILDFIRE HAZARD IN THE WESTERN HINDU KUSH-HIMALAYAS by David Bylow APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY SAN JOSÉ STATE UNIVERSITY May 2012 Dr. Gary Pereira Department of Geography Dr. Craig Clements Department of Meteorology Dr. Jianglong Zhang University of North Dakota Dr. Yong Lao California State University Monterey Bay ABSTRACT MODELING WILDFIRE HAZARD IN THE WESTERN HINDU KUSH-HIMALAYAS by David Bylow Wildfire regimes are a leading driver of global environmental change affecting diverse ecosystems across the planet. The objectives of this study were to model regional wildfire potential and identify environmental, topological, and sociological factors that contribute to the ignition of regional wildfire events in the Western Hindu Kush-Himalayas.