DOCSLIB.ORG

Groundwater of the Northern Territory Kaltukatjara S I M P S O N Northern Territory Department of Mines and Energy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Groundwater of the Northern Territory Kaltukatjara S I M P S O N Northern Territory Department of Mines and Energy 129^E 130^E 131^E 132^E 133^E 134^E 135^E 136^E 137^E 138^E N GROUNDWATER nd Cape Isla Cape W E Croker ley Ox Wessel Island son P aw y o CROKER L 11^S a r 11^S of the NORTHERN B t ISLAND ARAFURA SEA E McCluer Island e Vashon Head s Cape y g Point s i a d n Van Diemen i Jahleel Minjilang Grant Island B r g t k y b o S r a h n t a B Radford Dundas Strait e h e k L St As S Point aph B a Cape ay n COBURG PENINSULA Cape Cockburn S Don Marchinbar Island Deception Point Tiwi Mineral Sands Pirlangimpi Victoria Settlement TERRITORY Milikapiti GARIG GUNAK BARLU NATIONAL PARK North Goulburn Is. Rocky Point TIWI ISLANDS Brogden Point Na pie North West BATHURST r Bay South Goulburn Is. Stevens Island WESSEL ISLANDS Gor Crocodile Island Guluwuru Island do Cape Keith AQUIFER TYPES n B Wurankuwu Aurary Warruwi Cuthbert ay C MELVILLE ISLAND o Bay Point Drysdale Island Cape Helvetlus b Truant Island h Wigram ISLAND a Brathwaite Point Nguiu m rown Strait Island B Pickertaramoor B B d ayu-Undan Gas Pipeline ay oa tion Bay R Unconsolidated sediments with intergranular porosity. Junc ay Cape Fourcroy VAN DIEMEN GULF Elcho Island al Creek Cape M Intermediate scale aquifers R t E Boucaut Bay ai V Stewart Str RI Mooroongga Pt Napier A Island M Sedimentary rocks with intergranular porosity. e Jungle nc d Galiwinku re Maningrida y e 12^S la a a 12^S C B l Bremer Vernon m Goomadeer am v Milingimbi h i Island Regional to local scale aquifers g l B y Gochan in l Islands a k e a Point B Jiny-Jirra Castlereagh Howard c y u Gunn Point Stuart e E B B NHULUNBUY k AS Bay Island a n T R y Fractured and Weathered Rocks with some intergranular porosity. BEAGLE GULF Chambers Bay i R Rorruwuy Alcan Gove Mine E Yathalamarra F E Mapurru Gunyangara Sh V o Nabarlek E CATO al I Ngangalala Yirrkala B D Intermediate scale aquifers. a MARY R Yariwoi LATRAM y Woolner A Ramingining Arnhem Gunbalanya M District lywoi Bay Charles Point RIVER KAKADU NATIONAL PARK Bay GOVE R. Da NATIONAL O O Cape Arnhem R Fractured and Weathered Rocks. G PARK E Dhalinybuy DARWIN Howard RIVER V R. Spring I Old Arafura Gapuwiyak Wonga R A Local scale aquifers. L Ck. Belyuen JaJa L Manmoyi DARWIN IG AT Gurrumuru ROAD P Jabiru OR o Fractured and Weathered Rocks with minor groundwater resources. rt Dum In Mirrie Island B RURAL AN AY ra M S Ranger Mine L ARNHEM d Local scale aquifers. D O Berry L HIGHW RIVER s WI O ha Springs U O w T P Fog H R D E R U Fractured and Karstic Rocks. V Birany Bay R ARNHEM I E R I V L D A Birany C R E Koongarra H Y CENTRAL B a Local and intermediate scale aquifers. I T le R Cooinda O U Bark Hut Inn V n Y do Point Blaze D E n F L Gakorrorodjh G INNISS B Bay R MARY B TIMOR O A C Batchelor I Fractured and Karstic Rocks. ha L Cape Grey 13^S nn Mount L Gan Gan Tr 13^S el MARY I ARNHEM LAND Wurrkal Spring R ia G Ringwood . l Regional scale aquifers. Po Bay in RIVER A t T HIGHWAY NATIONAL O Peron Island North Note: The boxes on the left give schematic view of the aquifers. Welltree PARK R Adelaide River Baniyala SEA LITCHFIELD Peron Island South Source: Ban Ban KAKADU NATIONAL PARK NATIONAL Anson Springs Cape Shield Hydstra Database and existing hydrogeological mapping. Northern Territory Department of Land Resource Management. Bay PARK Brocks Isle Woodah Cape Ford Litchfield Creek Grove Hill Mary River 1 : 2 500 000 scale digital geology, 1 : 2 500 000 scale digital geology, Geological Survey, Northern Territory Department of Mines and Energy. Litchfield OS KAKADU Blue Nicol Island R Hayes RIVER IV Cape Scott Burrundie E Mud Creek Emerald R ROAD Hawknest Elizabeth Springs Frances North East Downs Creek Weemol Bay Island AQUIFERS Douglas Union Isles Esmeralda Bickerton Tipperary Town Bulman The majority of aquifers in the Northern Territory are developed in networks of fractures (cracks) in hard rocks. Their extent depends on the intensity of fracturing and the RIVER Island Dooley Point Nauiyu degree to which fractures are connected with each other. Fractures are more commonly open in weathered rock and so more capable of storing and transmitting PipelineDOUGLAS Douglas Mt. Catt Spring Milyakburra groundwater. as Hot Spring D G Pine Creek Cape A Kybrook Alyangula Woodycupaldiya LY Dombey DOUGLAS DALY Farm ARNHEM Milner Bay Umbakumba The highest yielding zones are often situated at the base of weathered rock. This typically varies between 30 and 80 metres, depending on the region. Hy P la Gemco Mine nd Lewin o B Bonaparte REGION Extensive sedimentary basins containing limestone and dolomite support "Karstic" aquifers formed both by fractures and also by solution cavities ranging up to the size of r a Springs Mainoru Angurugu t y Jindare Mountain 14^S K Valley Emerald River 14^S caves. e Fergusson NITMILUK Cape Hay a Spring Bay t M River Conways GROOTE bu s O (KATHERINE GORGE) lum YLE Peppimenarti Wongalara Da GULF Aquifers that have primary intergranular porosity are formed in both unconsolidated sediments (e.g. river gravels) and in older sandstones. The extents of the former are Black Cockatoo NATIONAL PARK EYLANDT Spring Eva poorly known. The Ti-Tree Basin and an alluvial aquifer in the Keep River area are the only "unconsolidated sediment" aquifers shown on the main map. Others are shown Valley CENTRAL Wadeye FISH RIVER Hill Spring Numbulwar on the "Palaoevalleys" side map. R GORGE BLOCK IV RIVER ER RN 7595 R Claravale Maud Creek Cape Beatrice I Big V OF AQUIFER SCALE Nganmarriyanga E River Pearce Point R KATHERINE Sandy Island Florina Barunga This refers to the distance over which groundwater flows through the aquifers from recharge to discharge areas. Katherine Hot Spring Dorisvale DALY ROPER Maranboy Local - less than 5 kilometres Intermediate - 5 to 50 kilometres Regional - more than 50 kilometres Binjari Beswick Goondooloo Flying R E V I R Fox E IN R E JOSEPH H T A E K N STUA Edward Island RI TINDALL HE Y RT Rittarangu CARPENTARIA BONAPARTE KAT RIVER GIWINING / FLORA RIVER E N I R E H T A K Lonesome Dove Ngukurr NATURE PARK IGHWA KATHERINE Bitter Urapunga FITZ FLO H Rainbow ROPER R ER GULF MAU Springs Moroak IV RIC ER RA Spring HIGHWAY Limmen LIMMEN BIGHT E RIV Flora Fig Tree GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE Wombungi O/S RIVER Scott Creek Mount McMinn Bight MARINE PARK River Spring Spring Namul Namul Maria Island Manbulloo Mataranka Djilkminggan LIMMEN ROPER DISCHARGE NATIONAL PARK ARAFURA SEA 15^S ELSEY NATIONAL PARK 15^S Groundwater usually discharges at low-lying points in the landscape. It Lakefield Beatrice Island can take the form of individual springs or as diffuse seepage into stream HIGHWAY beds. Recharge to groundwater is greatest in the higher rainfall zone in VICTORIA Bloodwood Minyerri RIVER Legune Nenen Downs TIMOR the north, so discharge is correspondingly greater. RIVER Nhulunbuy Willeroo SEA DARWIN Bradshaw Innesvale Many streams in the north maintain a flow for at least part of the long dry Jabiru Wyworrie VICTORIA A R N H E M L A N D season because of groundwater discharge. Some streams, particularly KEEP those with major karstic or porous rock aquifers in their catchments, flow JUDBARRA / Margaret Vermelha SIR EDWARD PELLEW GROUP Downs Larrizona Cow GREGORY BUN LIMMEN T throughout the dry season. Springs with significant discharges (more than Bullo River Creek H North Coolibah NATIONAL Gorrie Hodgson BARRANYI (North Island) 100 L/s) only occur in karstic aquifers. KEEP RIVER TINE West Island Nathan River Lorella NATIONAL PARK Larrimah River NATIONAL BIG NATIONAL PARK Fitzroy PARK Hot Spring Island D O U G L A S Extension (Proposed) Delamere Bing Bong D A L Y Victoria River R E G I O N Another mechanism for groundwater discharge is where trees in the HIGHWAY PARK Timber Creek Roadhouse Gas Pipeline South Auvergne Lorella Centre I. GULF riparian zone directly tap the watertable. This occurs throughout the Spring West I. Banjo Western Middle Birdum Nutwood Downs Katherine Territory, but in the arid south it is thought to be the dominant process Bulla Vanderlin OF KEEP RIVER Creek Creek Creek along with discharge through salt lakes. Maryfield Port Island CARPENTARIA NATIONAL PARK cArthur Dillinya Tarlee M Gilnockie Cox River EN This map shows recorded springs and streams that flow throughout the Providence M dry season. The streams have been classified according to their flows at LIM VICTORIA Manangoora Borroloola the end of the dry season. The classification only extends to the tidal limit, HIGHWAY Wandangula 16^S BU Sunday LIMMEN Borroloola 16^S Avago Creek V I C T O R I A so some streams such as the Roper River appear to stop before reaching Newry CH NATIONAL Warby O/S R the coast. A Kalala E R I V E R NA R IV E R N V Greenbank D I S T R I C T Bauhinia PARK I Downs R Lake Killarney Daly Waters CARPENTARIA CARANBIRINI SPRINGS Argyle VICTORIA RIVER Moolooloo O/S Highway Inn Seven Emu HIGHWAY CONSERVATION RESERVE R Springs DISTRICT Broadmere E Birrimba V Victoria River Downs Tanumbirini I Rosewood R Major Springs Amanbidji R JUDBARRA / GREGORY Yarralin I Hidden Valley Amungee Mungee Humbert River V B A R K L Y Top Springs T E Spring R R Salt Lake NATIONAL BULLWADDY Creek E T A B L E L A N D HWAY CONSERVATION O T Downs V HIG McArthur River L Dungowan RESERVE Cape Crawford A Waterloo PARK Buchanan Downs Dunmarra C Montejinni McArthur River BUCHANAN Shenandoah HIGHWAY Pungalina END OF DRY SEASON FLOWS Balbirini Coconut Spring Tennant Creek Wickham River R Robinson Greater than 100 Litres/second U Spring Pigeon Hole H River T R Bubbling Sands A 10 to 100 Litres/second c Spring M STUART Up to 10 Litres/second Camfield Mallapunyah Mount Sanford T A N A M I 17^S Murranji Springs Photo Spring 17^S ROBINSON D E S E R T AQUIFER Mistake Creek Calvert Wollogorang Karstic Aquifers Beetaloo Hills Limbunya Kiana Nelson Spring Daguragu Wave Hill Marlinja Kalkarindji Elliott Alice Springs Cattle Creek Ucharonidge LONGREACH WATERHOLE Tandyidgee Source: PROTECTED AREA Hydstra Database and existing hydrogeological maps.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fishing the Tiwi Islands Welcome to Our Islands
    FISHING THE TIWI ISLANDS WELCOME TO OUR ISLANDS The Tiwi Islands are made up of Melville and Bathurst Islands and numerous smaller, adjacent islands. The Vernon Islands also form part of the Tiwi estate. The Tiwi Traditional Owners and custodians of the area welcome you to our islands and ask that you respect and recognise the cultural importance of our land and waters. CODE OF Conduct RESPect THE RIGHts OF TRADITIONAL OWNERS. • Understand and observe all fishing regulations and no fishing zones. Report illegal fishing activities to the FISHWATCH hotline 1800 891 136 or the Tiwi Land Council HQ at Pickataramoor - 08 8970 9373. • Take no more fish than your immediate needs and carefully return excess or unwanted fish into the water unharmed. • Be courteous to all water users and those who belong to local Tiwi communities. • Respect Tiwi cultural ceremonies. This may mean that a particular area is temporarily closed to access. • Do not land ashore without first obtaining a separate Aboriginal land permit, from the Tiwi Land Council and abide by alcohol restrictions for the area. • Respect sacred sites and do not enter any part of the waters containing identified sacred sites unless specifically permitted to do so by the Tiwi Land Council. • Do not clean or dispose of fish within the vicinity of a community. • Prevent pollution and protect wildlife by removing rubbish and dispose of correctly to avoid potentially entrapping birds and other aquatic creatures. TIWI AND VERNON ISLANDS zones PERMIT FREE access The Tiwi have agreed to provide permit free access to the intertidal waters of the Tiwi and the Vernon Islands in the areas as outlined in the attached map.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Freshwater Catfish (Pisces: Ariidae) from Northern Australia
    Rec. West. Aust. Mus. 1988,14(1): 73-89 A new freshwater catfish (Pisces: Ariidae) from northern Australia PatriciaJ. Kailola* and Bryan E. Pierce* Abstract A new species of fork-tailed catfish is described on the basis of 31 specimens collected in northern Australia between the Fitzroy River (Western Australia) and the Mitchell River (Queensland). Arius midgleyi sp. novo grows to at least 1.3 m TL and is distinguished from other Australo-Papuan ariids by a combination of charac­ ters including snout shape, barbel length, eye size, tooth arrangement and gill raker number and position. Comparison is made with other ariid species occurring in northern Australian rivers, including the morphologically similar A. leptaspis (Bleeker). Introduction The Timor Sea and Gulf of Carpentaria drainage systems (Lake 1971) approx­ imately represent the Leichhardtian zoogeographic region of Whitley (1947). The rainfall pattern in this region is dominated by the wet monsoon (occurring within the period November to April). Most rivers here traverse a flat coastal plain about 15 km wide before reaching the sea (Lake 1971). These rivers commonly possess wide flood plains and low gradients, often contracting to a chain of waterholes during the dry season; some (Gregory River; Fitzroy to Daly Rivers) have reaches of rapids or very deep gorges. The average annual discharge from this region is 69000 billion litres (Lake 1971), most of it occurring during the wet season. Five of Australia's 18 species of fork-tailed catfishes (Ariidae) are common in this northern region, yet were overlooked by Whitley (1947) and Iredale and Whitley (1938). The members of this family, which is distributed circumglobally in the tropics and subtropics, may inhabit the sea, rivers within tidal influence, or fresh waters.
    [Show full text]
  • WESTERN AUSTRALIA's JOURNAL of SYSTEMATIC BOTANY G Dixon
    WESTERN AUSTRALIA’S JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BOTANY ISSN 0085-4417 G Dixon D.J. Ficus carpentariensis – a new sandpaper fig for northern Australia and a revision of the F. opposita complex (Moraceae: Ficus subg. Ficus sect. Sycidium informal group F. copiosa) Nuytsia 16(2): 269–284 (2007) All enquiries and manuscripts should be directed to: The Editor – NUYTSIA Western Australian Herbarium Telephone: +61 8 9334 0500 Dept of Environment and Conservation Facsimile: +61 8 9334 0515 Locked Bag 104 Bentley Delivery Centre Email: [email protected] Western Australia 6983 Web: science.dec.wa.gov.au/nuytsia/ AUSTRALIA All material in this journal is copyright and may not be reproduced except with the written permission of the publishers. © Copyright Department of Environment and Conservation . D.J.Nuytsia Dixon, 16(2):269–284 Ficus carpentariensis (2007) – a new sandpaper fi g for northern Australia 269 Ficus carpentariensis – a new sandpaper fi g for northern Australia and a revision of the F. opposita complex (Moraceae: Ficus subg. Ficus sect. Sycidium informal group F. copiosa) Dale J. Dixon Northern Territory Herbarium, Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts, P.O. Box 496 Palmerston, Northern Territory, 0831 Australia Abstract Dixon D.J. Ficus carpentariensis – a new sandpaper fi g for northern Australia and a revision of the F. opposita complex (Moraceae: Ficus subg. Ficus sect. Sycidium informal group F. copiosa). Nuytsia 16(2): 269–284 (2007). The Ficus opposita Miq. complex is revised. Four taxa in three species are recognized, F. opposita from Queensland and Papua New Guinea, Ficus aculeata Miq. with two varieties, one, var.
    [Show full text]
  • Tidal Energy in Australia Assessing Resource and Feasibility in Australia’S Future Energy Mix November 2020
    Tidal Energy in Australia Assessing Resource and Feasibility in Australia’s Future Energy Mix November 2020 Final report of the Australian Tidal Energy (AUSTEn) three-year project to map Australia’s tidal energy resource in detail and assess its economic feasibility and ability to contribute to the country's renewable energy needs Citation Enquiries The suggested citation for this report is: Professor Irene Penesis Penesis, I., Hemer, M., Cossu, R., Nader, J.R., Australian Maritime College Marsh, P., Couzi, C., Hayward, J., Sayeef, S., University of Tasmania Osman, P., Rosebrock, U., Grinham. A., E: [email protected] Herzfeld, M. and Griffin, D. (2020). Tidal Energy T: +61 3 6324 9770 in Australia: Assessing Resource and Feasibility in Australia’s Future Energy Mix. Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania. Copyright Project Website UTAS 2020: To the extent permitted by law, all www.austen.org.au rights are reserved and no part of this publication covered by copyright may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means except with the written permission of the AMC, UTAS. Authors Other Contributors Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania University of Queensland Irene Penesis Craig Heatherington Jean-Roch Nader Larissa Perez Philip Marsh Australian Maritime College, University of Tasmania Camille Couzi Constantin Scherelis Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Christelle Auguste Organisation (CSIRO) University of New South Wales Mark Hemer Wei Shen Jenny Hayward University of Sydney Saad Sayeef
    [Show full text]
  • Fishing and Boating in Northern Territory Parks
    Fishing and Boating in Northern Territory Parks Opportunities to hook It is an offence to disregard a Barramundi, navigate these regulations governed by Please Remember dramatic tidal rivers and view the Territory Parks and Wildlife • Recreation Fishing Controls a diverse range of tropical Conservation Act 2006 and the and NT Bag Limit Regulations apply. Know your limits https:// wildlife makes it easy to see Territory Parks and Wildlife nt.gov.au/marine/recreational- why recreational fishing and Conservation By-Laws. fishing/possession-and-size- boating in Northern Territory Keep up to date with the limits/possession-limits-for- Parks and Reserves is so latest fishing information by fish. Possession limits are the popular. observing signs in and around maximum number of fish you Northern Territory Parks offer waterways and viewing the may keep, however only take outstanding coastal, tidal Latest News https://nt.gov. what you need. Some marine river, mangrove-lined estuary, au/leisure/parks-reserves/ species are protected and must not be taken. billabong, floodplain, freshwater rules-and-permits/boating-and- • NT Marine Act and Regulations river and creek fishing fishing-in-parks on our website. https://nt.gov.au/marine/marine- opportunities. Be Crocwise on the Water safety apply, as well as any Park- The “run off’ from March to In the Top End, enjoying specific regulations. May is considered the ‘best’ boating and fishing means that • Nets, Traps, Firearms and Spears time to catch Barramundi, you will encounter crocodiles in are prohibited in most NT Parks when wet season rains drain the and around waterways. People and Reserves - landing nets are floodplains and follow rivers need to Be Crocwise and know permitted only for landing fish to the sea, taking the fish with how to stay safe.
    [Show full text]
  • As Far As Groote Eylandt, Harvesting the Sea Slug from Shallow Waters Along Sandy Beaches
    as far as Groote Eylandt, harvesting the sea slug from shallow waters along sandy beaches. The grey and black banana-shaped sea slug is still there today, but its aphrodisiac properties are not the stimulus to trade they once were. The ~acassans. passing is still marked by the remains of stone fire places where large vats of sea slugs were boiled. Elsewhere, as at Milingimbi, they planted the huge tamarind trees near water supplies. The palm leaf smoke houses in which the slugs were cured must have been a familiar sight along the coast at the time but their remains blew away with the first storm. With the change of the monsoon the trepangers sailed west again, their vessels loaded to restock the shelves of the herbalists in distant southern China. The first British contact with the Northern Territory coast was I in 1791, twenty-one years after Cook. In that year Lieutenant John McCluer tacking towards Batavia from Torres Strait sighted New Year Island. His name is recorded in another island in the same group east of Croker. I In 1802-1803 a key event for the Northern Territory coast navigator took place with the voyage of Matthew Flinders. In HMS "Investigator" he surveyed and mapped the coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria and westward to the Wessel Islands. At this point the state of the ship ended further local exploration. 1 Dangerously rotten and full of marine borers it required urgent repair. Flinders departed through the Cumberland Strait, but not before the historical meeting with the trepanger Pabassoo in Malay Roads, west of Nhulunbuy.
    [Show full text]
  • Great Southern Land: the Maritime Exploration of Terra Australis
    GREAT SOUTHERN The Maritime Exploration of Terra Australis LAND Michael Pearson the australian government department of the environment and heritage, 2005 On the cover photo: Port Campbell, Vic. map: detail, Chart of Tasman’s photograph by John Baker discoveries in Tasmania. Department of the Environment From ‘Original Chart of the and Heritage Discovery of Tasmania’ by Isaac Gilsemans, Plate 97, volume 4, The anchors are from the from ‘Monumenta cartographica: Reproductions of unique and wreck of the ‘Marie Gabrielle’, rare maps, plans and views in a French built three-masted the actual size of the originals: barque of 250 tons built in accompanied by cartographical Nantes in 1864. She was monographs edited by Frederick driven ashore during a Casper Wieder, published y gale, on Wreck Beach near Martinus Nijhoff, the Hague, Moonlight Head on the 1925-1933. Victorian Coast at 1.00 am on National Library of Australia the morning of 25 November 1869, while carrying a cargo of tea from Foochow in China to Melbourne. © Commonwealth of Australia 2005 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth, available from the Department of the Environment and Heritage. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to: Assistant Secretary Heritage Assessment Branch Department of the Environment and Heritage GPO Box 787 Canberra ACT 2601 The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for the Environment and Heritage.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Supplement to the Commander's Handbook On
    ANNOTATED SUPPLEMENT TO THE COMMANDER’S HANDBOOK ON THE LAW OF NAVAL OPERATIONS NEWPORT, RI 1997 15 NOV 1997 INTRODUCTORY NOTE The Commander’s Handbook on the Law of Naval Operations (NWP 1-14M/MCWP S-2.1/ COMDTPUB P5800.1), formerly NWP 9 (Rev. A)/FMFM l-10, was promulgated to U.S. Navy, U.S. Marine Corps, and U.S. Coast Guard activities in October 1995. The Com- mander’s Handbook contains no reference to sources of authority for statements of relevant law. This approach was deliberately taken for ease of reading by its intended audience-the operational commander and his staff. This Annotated Supplement to the Handbook has been prepared by the Oceans Law and Policy Department, Center for Naval Warfare Studies, Naval War College to support the academic and research programs within the College. Although prepared with the assistance of cognizant offices of the General Counsel of the Department of Defense, the Judge Advocate General of the Navy, The Judge Advocate General of the Army, The Judge Advocate General of the Air Force, the Staff Judge Advo- cate to the Commandant of the Marine Corps, the Chief Counsel of the Coast Guard, the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Unified Combatant Commands, the annotations in this Annotated Supplement are not to be construed as representing official policy or positions of the Department of the Navy or the U.S. Governrnent. The text of the Commander’s Handbook is set forth verbatim. Annotations appear as footnotes numbered consecutively within each Chapter. Supplementary Annexes, Figures and Tables are prefixed by the letter “A” and incorporated into each Chapter.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Cave Exploration in the Judbarra/Gregory National Park
    Helictite, (2012) 41: 5-14 A History of Cave Exploration in the Judbarra / Gregory National Park Bob Kershaw 15-56 Duke St., Woonona, NSW 2517, Australia Abstract The caves of the Judbarra / Gregory National Park were known to the Aboriginal tribes of the area who used them for art and ritual sites. The initial work by Northern Territory Parks and Wildlife Commission Rangers Keith Claymore and Keith Oliver was followed by the Operation Raleigh Expedition from the UK in 1990, which made the first maps of the caves. Starting in 1991 regular exploration and mapping expeditions by Australian cavers were coordinated by Top End Speleological Society and Canberra Speleological Society. The surveyed passage length of all caves in Judbarra/Gregory National Park is almost 220km and the longest single connected system is the 122km Bullita Cave System in the Central Karst Area. Studies of the geology and biology of the caves were also conducted during this time and are reported on in separate papers in this volume. Keywords: History; cave exploration; surveying; Australia. INTRODUCTION The largest area of continuous surveyed passage is referred to as the Bullita Cave System (BCS) and is The Judbarra / Gregory National Park (J/GNP) lies located in the Central Karst Area (CKA), which also within the Victoria River Region of the Northern Territory includes Jalaman, Wadija and BAA-22 (Figure 3). The (NT) and is the largest park in the Northern Territory name Bullita Cave System was introduced in the mid- Parks estate. The largest section of the J/GNP is located 1990s by park management authorities and CSS.
    [Show full text]
  • The Tiwi Meet the Dutch
    THE TIWI MEET THE DUTCH: The First European Contacts An outline of the history of Tiwi Contact with European navigators, with special reference to the Tiwi encounter with dutch seafarers in 1705. -by- Peter Forrest For The Tiwi Land Council, PO Box 38545 Winnellie NT 0821. Darwin April 1995. ISBN 0 646 235605 2 Foreword During the past few years our people have recalled with pride a number of special moments in our history when our fathers and mothers responded to certain events of their time; our work during the Second World War, the crisis caused by Cyclone Tracy. the Bicentenary of Australia - all touching our fives and involving us all. But our history extends beyond these recent events to the beginning of time on this land. Evert as Australia itself celebrates 200 years of European settlement, we ourselves recall quite lengthy visits of European people nearly 300 years ago. Some of our school children have been enquiring about these matters and our Land Council has been pleased to produce this booklet to coincide with our commemoration of the visit of Commander van Delft 290 years ago. You will read in these pages the events of long ago. What you will not find are the names of our families who participated in these times, They belong to the songs and legends of the Tiwi, and are as real to us as the writings in this book. We are proud to belong to these families and to the traditions of courage, Integrity, pride and loyalty to each other that they established.
    [Show full text]
  • AQUACULTURE Development Opportunities
    land development corporation | develop tiwi PHOTO CREDIT: TOURISM NT AQUACULTURE development opportunities developtiwi.com.au OPPORTUNITIES FOR SEAFOOD Barramundi is considered an iconic fish of northern Australia. Barramundi is an Aboriginal word meaning “large scaled silver/river fish”. The Australian farmed barramundi industry started in the mid 1980s and barramundi is now farmed throughout Australia. Barramundi can be farmed in a number of ways, from indoor recirculating aquaculture (tanks) systems, to land-based pond operations and sea cages. The Tiwi Islands offers an abundance of both of these options for Barramundi farming. Mud Crabs are a highly regarded and valued food item in both Australia and Asia. Mud crab aquaculture is not currently undertaken in the Northern Territory but has been successfully carried out in a number of Asian countries. Mud Crab farming is generally based on catching juveniles from the wild and using them to stock mangrove enclosures, pens or ponds for grow out. The Darwin Aquaculture Centre has now made it feasible to supply juvenile crabs to farmers. With this development, opportunities now exist for pioneering investors to become involved in mud crab aquaculture. Sea Cucumber, also known as Trepang, is a prized delicacy throughout the Asia Pacific region. Trepang were historically harvested in the NT and traded with the Macassans dating as far back as the 1600s.The Darwin Aquaculture Centre is working with private enterprise and other organisations including Indigenous communities to find and develop suitable Trepang ranching sites in the NT. Prawns are a popular seafood and consumer demand is high. In the Northern Territory, the main species farmed is commonly known as the Black Tiger Prawn.
    [Show full text]
  • NT Appendix 2B.1
    Sampling HydroTel Polling Shelter Sensor Type Sensor Type Sensor Type Sensor Solar Hours Site Site Name Data Logger Modem Comms Platform Shelter Serial Rain Gauge Regulator Time Stage Afternoo Site Type Range Panel with no Morning IP 1 2 3 Number (min) (mm) n change G0010005 Ranken River at Soudan Homestead iRIS 350 Beam RST600 N/A Shaft Encoder 10 10 Reactive G0050115 Hugh River at South Road Crossing iRIS 350 Beam RST600 DialUp HS AD375A ( Absolute) HS TB 2 (0.5mm) 10 6:30 14:30 Reactive G0050116 Finke River at South Road Bridge X-ing iRIS 350 Beam RST600 DialUp HS WL3100 Pressure Transducer Druck PTX 1400 (250 Bar) HS 23 SL 10m HS TB 3 (0.5mm) 10 6:30 14:30 Reactive G0050117 Palmer River at South Road Crossing iRIS 350 Beam RST600 DialUp HS AD375A ( Absolute) 15 6:30 14:30 Reactive G0050140 Finke River at Railway Bridge iRIS 350 Beam RST600 DialUp HS AD375A ( Absolute) 15 6:30 14:30 Reactive G0060005 Trephina Creek at Trephina Gorge SDS N/A N/A Shaft Encoder TB1 (0.5mm 10 10 Reactive G0060008 Roe Creek at South Road Crossing iRIS 320 (internal) IP Mode HS AD375A ( Absolute) 10 1h Reactive G0060009 Todd River at Anzac Oval iRIS 320 (internal) IP Mode HS AD375A ( Absolute) 10 30min Reactive G0060017 Emily Creek Upstream Undoolya Road iRIS 320 (internal) IP Mode HS AD375A ( Absolute) 10 1h Reactive G0060040 Todd River at Amoonguna iRIS 320 (internal) IP Mode HS AD375A ( Absolute) 10 1h Reactive G0060041 Todd River Rocky Hill iRIS 320 (internal) IP Mode HS AD375A ( Absolute) 10 1h Reactive G0060046 Todd River at Wigley Gorge iRIS 320 (internal)
    [Show full text]