Jefferson County Public Health Quality Assurance Project Plan Quilcene-Dabob Bay PIC, WQC-2016-Jecoph-00039 May 19, 2016

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Jefferson County Public Health Quality Assurance Project Plan Quilcene-Dabob Bay PIC, WQC-2016-Jecoph-00039 May 19, 2016 Jefferson County Public Health Quality Assurance Project Plan Quilcene-Dabob Bay PIC, WQC-2016-JeCoPH-00039 May 19, 2016 1.1 Distribution List Tammy Riddell Project Manager WA State Department of Ecology PO Box 47775 Olympia, WA 98504-7775 (360) 407-6295 [email protected] Michael Dawson Water Quality Manager Jefferson County Public Health 615 Sheridan St Port Townsend, WA 98368 (360) 385-9444 [email protected] Nancy Parrott Laboratory Supervisor/QA Officer Spectra Laboratories – Kitsap, LLC (Formerly Twiss Laboratories, Inc.) 26276 Twelve Trees Lane, Suite C Poulsbo, WA 98370 (360) 779-5141 [email protected] Jefferson County Public Health Quality Assurance Project Plan Quilcene-Dabob Bay PIC, WQC-2016-JeCoPH-00039 May 19, 2016 Table of Contents 1.0 Title Page/Approvals ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Distribution List ............................................................................................................................. 2 2.0 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. 7 3.0 Background ....................................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 Study Area and Surroundings ....................................................................................................... 7 3.1.1 Logistical Problems ............................................................................................................... 7 3.1.2 History of Study Area ............................................................................................................ 8 3.1.3 Contaminants of Concern ..................................................................................................... 9 3.1.4 Results of Previous Studies ................................................................................................. 10 3.1.5 Regulatory Criteria or Standards ......................................................................................... 10 4.0 Project Description .......................................................................................................................... 10 4.1 Project Goals ............................................................................................................................... 10 4.2 Project Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 11 4.3 Information Needed and Sources ............................................................................................... 11 4.4 Target Population........................................................................................................................ 11 4.5 Study Boundaries ........................................................................................................................ 11 4.6 Tasks Required ............................................................................................................................ 12 4.7 Practical Constraints ................................................................................................................... 13 4.8 Systematic Planning Process ....................................................................................................... 13 5.0 Organization and Schedule ............................................................................................................. 13 5.1 Key Individuals and Their Responsibilities .................................................................................. 13 5.2 Special Training and Certifications .............................................................................................. 13 5.3 Organization Chart ...................................................................................................................... 14 5.4 Project Schedule ......................................................................................................................... 14 5.5 Limitations on Schedule .............................................................................................................. 14 5.6 Budget and Funding .................................................................................................................... 14 6.0 Quality Objectives ........................................................................................................................... 14 6.1 Decision Quality Objectives (DQOs) ............................................................................................ 14 6.2 Measurement Quality Objectives (MQOs) .................................................................................. 14 6.2.1 Targets for Precision, Bias, and Sensitivity ......................................................................... 15 6.2.2 Targets for Comparability, Representativeness, & Completeness ..................................... 16 7.0 Sampling Process Design ................................................................................................................. 16 7.1 Study Design................................................................................................................................ 16 7.1.1 Sampling Locations and Frequency ..................................................................................... 17 Jefferson County Public Health Quality Assurance Project Plan Quilcene-Dabob Bay PIC, WQC-2016-JeCoPH-00039 May 19, 2016 7.1.2 Parameters to be Determined ............................................................................................ 18 7.1.3 Field Measurements ........................................................................................................... 18 7.2 Maps or Diagrams ....................................................................................................................... 19 7.3 Assumptions Underlying Design ................................................................................................. 19 7.4 Relation to Objectives and Site Characteristics .......................................................................... 19 7.5 Characteristics of Existing Data ................................................................................................... 19 8.0 Sampling Procedures ...................................................................................................................... 19 8.1 Field Sampling SOPs .................................................................................................................... 19 8.2 Containers, Preservation, Holding Times .................................................................................... 20 8.3 Invasive Species Evaluation......................................................................................................... 20 8.4 Equipment Decontamination ...................................................................................................... 20 8.5 Sample ID .................................................................................................................................... 20 8.6 Chain-of-Custody ........................................................................................................................ 21 8.7 Field Log Requirements............................................................................................................... 21 9.0 Measurement Methods .................................................................................................................. 21 9.1 Field Procedures/Field Analysis .................................................................................................. 21 9.2 Laboratory Procedures................................................................................................................ 22 9.2.1 Analytes ............................................................................................................................... 23 9.2.2 Matrix .................................................................................................................................. 23 9.2.3 Number of Samples ............................................................................................................. 23 9.2.4 Expected Range of Results .................................................................................................. 23 9.2.5 Analytical Methods ............................................................................................................. 23 9.2.6 Sensitivity/Method Detection Limit (MDL) ......................................................................... 23 9.3 Sample Preparation Method ....................................................................................................... 23 9.4 Special Method Requirements.................................................................................................... 23 9.5 Lab(s) Accredited for Methods ................................................................................................... 23 10.0 Quality Control ................................................................................................................................ 24 10.1 Table of Lab and Field QC Required ............................................................................................ 24 10.2 Corrective Action .......................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Socioeconomic Monitoring of the Olympic National Forest and Three Local Communities
    NORTHWEST FOREST PLAN THE FIRST 10 YEARS (1994–2003) Socioeconomic Monitoring of the Olympic National Forest and Three Local Communities Lita P. Buttolph, William Kay, Susan Charnley, Cassandra Moseley, and Ellen M. Donoghue General Technical Report United States Forest Pacific Northwest PNW-GTR-679 Department of Service Research Station July 2006 Agriculture The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Nation’s forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the National Forests and National Grasslands, it strives—as directed by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all pro- grams.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
    [Show full text]
  • Little Quilcene Final Report
    Little Quilcene-Leland Creek Watershed Rapid Habitat Assessment and Prioritized Restoration Framework Technical Report prepared by Wild Fish Conservancy Northwest 15629 Main Street NE Duvall, WA 98019 www.wildfishconservancy.org for Pacific Ecological Institute 4500 Ninth Avenue NE, Suite 300 Seattle, WA 98105 www.peiseattle.org September, 2008 Table of Contents Executive Summary.............................................................................................................07 Part I: Little Quilcene – Leland Creek Watershed Rapid Habitat Assessment Introduction..........................................................................................................................09 Background Watershed Setting ..................................................................................................................10 Hydrology ..............................................................................................................................12 Study Background ..................................................................................................................12 Methods Reach Delineation..................................................................................................................14 In-stream / Riparian Habitat Evaluation...............................................................................15 Spawning Surveys ..................................................................................................................17 Fish Passage Barrier Assessment..........................................................................................19
    [Show full text]
  • Jefferson County Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment 2011 2
    Jefferson County Department of Emergency Management 81 Elkins Road, Port Hadlock, Washington 98339 - Phone: (360) 385-9368 Email: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS PURPOSE 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 I. INTRODUCTION 6 II. GEOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS 6 III. DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS 7 IV. SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL DISASTER EVENTS 9 V. NATURAL HAZARDS 12 • AVALANCHE 13 • DROUGHT 14 • EARTHQUAKES 17 • FLOOD 24 • LANDSLIDE 32 • SEVERE LOCAL STORM 34 • TSUNAMI / SEICHE 38 • VOLCANO 42 • WILDLAND / FOREST / INTERFACE FIRES 45 VI. TECHNOLOGICAL (HUMAN MADE) HAZARDS 48 • CIVIL DISTURBANCE 49 • DAM FAILURE 51 • ENERGY EMERGENCY 53 • FOOD AND WATER CONTAMINATION 56 • HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 58 • MARINE OIL SPILL – MAJOR POLLUTION EVENT 60 • SHELTER / REFUGE SITE 62 • TERRORISM 64 • URBAN FIRE 67 RESOURCES / REFERENCES 69 Jefferson County Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment 2011 2 PURPOSE This Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment (HIVA) document describes known natural and technological (human-made) hazards that could potentially impact the lives, economy, environment, and property of residents of Jefferson County. It provides a foundation for further planning to ensure that County leadership, agencies, and citizens are aware and prepared to meet the effects of disasters and emergencies. Incident management cannot be event driven. Through increased awareness and preventive measures, the ultimate goal is to help ensure a unified approach that will lesson vulnerability to hazards over time. The HIVA is not a detailed study, but a general overview of known hazards that can affect Jefferson County. Jefferson County Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment 2011 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY An integrated emergency management approach involves hazard identification, risk assessment, and vulnerability analysis. This document, the Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment (HIVA) describes the hazard identification and assessment of both natural hazards and technological, or human caused hazards, which exist for the people of Jefferson County.
    [Show full text]
  • 2017-18 Olympic Peninsula Travel Planner
    Welcome! Photo: John Gussman Photo: Explore Olympic National Park, hiking trails & scenic drives Connect Wildlife, local cuisine, art & native culture Relax Ocean beaches, waterfalls, hot springs & spas Play Kayak, hike, bicycle, fish, surf & beachcomb Learn Interpretive programs & museums Enjoy Local festivals, wine & cider tasting, Twilight BRITISH COLUMBIA VANCOUVER ISLAND BRITISH COLUMBIA IDAHO 5 Discover Olympic Peninsula magic 101 WASHINGTON from lush Olympic rain forests, wild ocean beaches, snow-capped 101 mountains, pristine lakes, salmon-spawning rivers and friendly 90 towns along the way. Explore this magical area and all it has to offer! 5 82 This planner contains highlights of the region. E R PACIFIC OCEAN PACIFIC I V A R U M B I Go to OlympicPeninsula.org to find more O L C OREGON details and to plan your itinerary. 84 1 Table of Contents Welcome .........................................................1 Table of Contents .............................................2 This is Olympic National Park ............................2 Olympic National Park ......................................4 Olympic National Forest ...................................5 Quinault Rain Forest & Kalaloch Beaches ...........6 Forks, La Push & Hoh Rain Forest .......................8 Twilight ..........................................................9 Strait of Juan de Fuca Nat’l Scenic Byway ........ 10 Joyce, Clallam Bay/Sekiu ................................ 10 Neah Bay/Cape Flattery .................................. 11 Port Angeles, Lake Crescent
    [Show full text]
  • Olympic Invasives Working Group 2018 Annual Report
    Olympic Invasives Working Group 2018 Annual Report Bohemian knotweed on Fisher Cove Rd, Clallam County, leading to Lake Sutherland, treated for the first time as part of the Clallam County Road Department Integrated Weed Management Plan. Report Prepared by Clallam County Noxious Weed Control Board A patch of knotweed found growing on Ennis Creek in Port Angeles. Report prepared by Jim Knape Cathy Lucero Clallam County Noxious Weed Control Board January 2019 223 East 4th Street Ste 15 Port Angeles WA 98362 360-417-2442 [email protected] http://www.clallam.net/weed/projects.html This report can also be found at http://www.clallam.net/weed/annualreports.html CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................. 1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................. 7 2018 PROJECT ACTIVITIES .......................................................................................... 7 2018 PROJECT PROTOCOLS ..................................................................................... 11 OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS ...................................................................... 14 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................. 15 PROJECT ACTIVITIES BY WATERSHED ................................................................... 18 CLALLAM COUNTY ...........................................................................................................18
    [Show full text]
  • Salmon and Steelhead Habitat Limiting Factors
    SALMON AND STEELHEAD HABITAT LIMITING FACTORS WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA 16 DOSEWALLIPS-SKOKOMISH BASIN Hamma Hamma River, Ecology Oblique Photo, 2001 WASHINGTON STATE CONSERVATION COMMISSION FINAL REPORT Ginna Correa June 2003 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The WRIA 16 salmon habitat limiting factors report could not have been completed without considerable contributions of time and effort from the following people who participated in various capacities on the technical advisory group (TAG): Charles Toal, Washington Department of Ecology Doris Small, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Herb Cargill, Washington Department of Natural Resources Jeff Davis, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Jeff Heinis, Skokomish Tribe John Cambalik, Puget Sound Action Team Marc McHenry, US Forest Service Margie Schirato, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Marty Ereth, Skokomish Tribe Randy Johnson, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Richard Brocksmith, Hood Canal Coordinating Council Steve Todd, Point No Point Treaty Council In addition, the author also wishes to thank the following for extensive information regarding fish populations and habitat conditions and substantial editorial comments during development of the report: Dr. Carol Smith, WCC for the Introduction chapter of this report; Carol Thayer, WDNR, for extensive GIS analysis of DNR ownership; Carrie Cook-Tabor, USFWS, for data contribution on the Hamma Hamma; Denise Forbes, Mason County Public Works, for the county perspective on the Skokomish; Ed Manary, WCC, for his guidance
    [Show full text]
  • An Assessment of Anadromous Fish Habitat Use Above Quilcene National Fish Hatchery in the Big Quilcene River
    An Assessment of Anadromous Fish Habitat Use Above Quilcene National Fish Hatchery in the Big Quilcene River Prepared by Dave Zajac U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Western Washington Fish and Wildlife Office Division of Fisheries and Watershed Assessment Lacey, Washington April 2002 INTRODUCTION This report was funded by the “Puget Sound and Coastal Washington Hatchery Reform Project.” The goals of the hatchery reform project are to “conserve indigenous genetic resources, assist with the recovery of naturally spawning populations, provide for sustainable fisheries, conduct scientific research, and improve the quality and cost-effectiveness of hatchery programs” (Gorton Science Advisory Team 1999). This report presents options and recommendations regarding anadromous fish use of the habitat above the Quilcene National Fish Hatchery (NFH) in the Big Quilcene River. Quilcene NFH presently blocks anadromous fish access to about 3.2 miles of mainstem river. Restoration of anadromous fish access to this reach of the Big Quilcene River is consistent with the goals of the hatchery reform project. This work also supports several goals of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). The FWS adopted an ecosystem approach to resource management several years ago. Teams were established within the North Pacific Coast Ecoregion to discuss and identify ecosystem concerns and possible corrective actions for implementation. Salmon use of stream habitat above human- caused impasses (fish hatchery weirs, for example), surfaced as a priority concern during a North Pacific Coast Ecoregion meeting in August of 1999. Fish passage improvement has also been identified as a priority effort within the work activity guidance in the FWS Region l Fisheries Program (Diggs 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Map of Washington - Northwest Quadrant
    GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON - NORTHWEST QUADRANT by JOE D. DRAGOVICH, ROBERT L. LOGAN, HENRY W. SCHASSE, TIMOTHY J. WALSH, WILLIAM S. LINGLEY, JR., DAVID K . NORMAN, WENDY J. GERSTEL, THOMAS J. LAPEN, J. ERIC SCHUSTER, AND KAREN D. MEYERS WASHINGTON DIVISION Of GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES GEOLOGIC MAP GM-50 2002 •• WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENTOF 4 r Natural Resources Doug Sutherland· Commissioner of Pubhc Lands Division ol Geology and Earth Resources Ron Telssera, Slate Geologist WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Ron Teissere, State Geologist David K. Norman, Assistant State Geologist GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON­ NORTHWEST QUADRANT by Joe D. Dragovich, Robert L. Logan, Henry W. Schasse, Timothy J. Walsh, William S. Lingley, Jr., David K. Norman, Wendy J. Gerstel, Thomas J. Lapen, J. Eric Schuster, and Karen D. Meyers This publication is dedicated to Rowland W. Tabor, U.S. Geological Survey, retired, in recognition and appreciation of his fundamental contributions to geologic mapping and geologic understanding in the Cascade Range and Olympic Mountains. WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES GEOLOGIC MAP GM-50 2002 Envelope photo: View to the northeast from Hurricane Ridge in the Olympic Mountains across the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca to the northern Cascade Range. The Dungeness River lowland, capped by late Pleistocene glacial sedi­ ments, is in the center foreground. Holocene Dungeness Spit is in the lower left foreground. Fidalgo Island and Mount Erie, composed of Jurassic intrusive and Jurassic to Cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the Fidalgo Complex, are visible as the first high point of land directly across the strait from Dungeness Spit.
    [Show full text]
  • NMFS. 2016. Puget Chinook, Hood Canal Summer-Run
    Science, Service, Stewardship 2016 5-Year Review: Summary & Evaluation of Puget Sound Chinook Salmon Hood Canal Summer-run Chum Salmon Puget Sound Steelhead National Marine Fisheries Service West Coast Region Portland, OR U.S. Department of Commerce I National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration I National Marine Fisheries Service This page intentionally left blank 5-Year Review: Puget Sound NOAA Fisheries 5-Year Review: Puget Sound Species Species Reviewed Evolutionarily Significant Unit or Distinct Population Segment Chinook Salmon Puget Sound Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Chum Salmon Hood Canal Summer-run Chum Salmon (O. keta) Steelhead Puget Sound Steelhead (O. mykiss) i 5-Year Review: Puget Sound NOAA Fisheries This page intentionally left blank ii 5-Year Review: Puget Sound NOAA Fisheries Table of Contents 1 ∙ GENERAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Background on listing determinations .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 METHODOLOGY USED TO COMPLETE THE REVIEW ............................................................................................................ 2 1.3 BACKGROUND – SUMMARY OF PREVIOUS REVIEWS, STATUTORY AND REGULATORY ACTIONS, AND
    [Show full text]
  • Dosewallips River Powerlines Reach Restoration Project
    Secure Rural Schools and Community Self-Determination Act of 2000 Public Law 110-343 Title II Project Submission Form USDA Forest Service Name of Resource Advisory Committee: Olympic Peninsula Project Number (Assigned by Designated Federal Official): Funding Fiscal Year(s): 2019-22 2. Project Name: Dosewallips River Powerlines 3a. State: Washington Reach Restoration Project 3b. County(s): Jefferson 4. Project Submitted By: Tami Pokorny, Jefferson 5. Date: 01/31/2019 County Environmental Public Health natural resources program coordinator 6. Contact Phone Number: 360/379-4498 7. Contact E-mail: [email protected] 8. Project Location: Dosewallips River RM 1.3-2.5 a. National Forest(s): Olympic NF is b. Forest Service District: Hood Canal upstream c. Location (Township-Range-Section) Sec. 34, T26 N, R 2W 9. Project Goals and Objectives: To improve floodplain and channel migration processes on the Dosewallips River in the largely protected Powerlines Reach by developing a preliminary design for high value restoration actions. These actions will improve floodplain conditions by restoring habitat structure and complexity to modified portions of the reach to benefit spawning and incubating of Hood Canal Summer Chum salmon. The design will be selected in consultation with a technical group convened by the County to include representation from the Lazy C and Brinnon communities. This SRS Title II request is needed to match a portion of RCO Salmon Recovery Funding Board grant #18-1228. The project’s objectives are to: i. Provide for regular communication and open exchange of ideas among project consultants, partners, landowners, and other community members.
    [Show full text]
  • 1998 Lower Big Quilcene River Comp. Flood Hazard Mngt Plan
    I I I I I I Lower Big Quilcene River I Comprehensive Flood Hazard I Management Plan ,, Quilcene, Washington March 6, 1998 I I I Prepared for: Jefferson County Department of Public Works I State of Washington, Department of Ecology Grant Number G9700029 I I Prepared by: GeoEngineers, Inc. I Cascade Environmental Services, Inc. Urban Regional Research I Jefferson County Department of Public Works I Local Interagency Team (LIT) Agencies I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I TABLE OF CONTENTS I, INTRODUCTION.•.•...••....•.••....•...............................•.•....•..........•...............•.•......•..•......... 1 GO~S, OBJECTIVES AND LIMITATIONS ..........•••..•..•....•.....•.•..•...•..••.•..............•. 2 I WATERSHED DESCRIPTION ..•.•...•.•......••.....•......•.•..•••..•....••..•....•...•...•...•...••...•....•..•. 4 PAST ACTIVITIES IN THE BIG QUILCENE WATERSHED .•..•.•....•.•...•.....•..•....•. 8 I' FLOODING IDSTORY IN THE BIG QUILCENE WATERSHED......................... 10 FLOOD IMPACTS ...•....•....•..•...........•.......•....•.•.•..•.......•..•....•.....••.....•..•...•.....•......•...••.. 11 I PREVIOUS REMEDI~ ACTIONS ••.....•.....•........•.........•.•.•.•••.................•....•.•...•...•.. 12 ,, RECOMMENDED ACTIONS •............................•.......••.•....•..•......•...•..•......•...•....•....... 14 Action A.1 - Reconfigure Linger Longer Road Bridge and Access to Accommodate Flood Flows and Traffic•.....................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Map GM-57, Geologic Map of the Port Townsend North And
    WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES GEOLOGIC MAP GM-57 122°52¢30² R2W R1W 50¢ 47¢30² 122°45¢ GEOLOGIC SETTING Landslide deposits—Gravel, sand, silt, clay, and boulders; clasts angular to Deposits of the Possession Glaciation ACKNOWLEDGMENTS modified from G. W. Thorsen (written Qls commun., 2004) and Easterbrook (1994) 1 rounded; unsorted; generally loose, unstratified, broken, and chaotic, but may Lower to middle Eocene Crescent Formation basaltic rocks form the basement for the Possession Drift (columnar sections and cross section only)—Glaciomarine This map was produced in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey National locally retain primary bedding structure; may include liquefaction features; Qgp 0–15 ft Qml till (regraded) northeastern Olympic Peninsula and are the oldest rocks exposed in the map area (Tabor and p drift and underlying till; distinguished from equivalent Vashon facies by Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, Agreement Number 04HQAG0069, which partially 15–30 ft Qgt Qb Qc Qd Qf deposited by mass wasting processes other than soil creep and frost heave; Vashon till Qguc w Qf Cady, 1978). They consist mostly of columnar to massive flows with oxidized tops and stratigraphic position. Glaciomarine drift facies variegated; typically clay and silt- supported our mapping project. We thank Gerald W. Thorsen for extensive geologic advice, Qmw typically in unconformable contact with surrounding units. Scarps are shown Qd locally developed paleosols overlain by basaltic cobble to boulder conglomerate. rich diamicton; buff, gray, to dark gray; compact and commonly with vertical site-specific and general expertise, field trips, radiocarbon age data, and review of map and Vashon advance Qml Qguc where supported by lidar (light distance and ranging, based on airborne laser ~35 ft Qga outwash sand Qgo Qgt Qb The rocks of the Crescent Formation are overlain by an unnamed sandstone and siltstone desiccation cracks and shells; locally indistinguishable from till.
    [Show full text]