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Legitimizing Pay to Play: Marketizing Radio Content Through a Responsive Auction Mechanism
LEGITIMIZING PAY TO PLAY: MARKETIZING RADIO CONTENT THROUGH A RESPONSIVE AUCTION MECHANISM Alon Rotem* I. INTRODUCTION ............................................. 130 II. RADIO REGULATION BACKGROUND / HISTORY ........ 131 A. Government Enforced Public Interest Standards...... 131 B. Marketization of the Public Interest Doctrine ........ 133 C. The Impact of the 1996 Telecommunications Act on License Renewals .................................... 134 III. PAYOLA RULES ............................................ 135 A. Payola Rules Impact on the Recording Industry ...... 136 B. A Brief History of Payola Transgressions ............ 137 C. Falloutfrom Recent Payola Prosecution .............. 139 D. Modern Payola Rules Ambiguity ..................... 139 IV. IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY AND AUCTIONS ON BROAD- CAST SCARCITY ............................................ 140 A. The Rise and Evolution of Technology-Driven A uctions ....... ..................................... 141 B. Applying the Auction Mechanism to Radio Content Programm ing ........................................ 141 * J.D. Candidate 2007, University of California, Berkeley, Boalt Hall School of Law. B.S. Managerial Economics, 2001, University of California, Davis. I would like to thank my wife, Nicole, parents, Doron and Batsheva, and brothers, Tommy and Jonathan for their love, support, and encouragement. Additionally, I would like to thank Professor Howard Shelanski for his wisdom and guidance in the "Telecommunications Law & Policy" class for which this comment was written. Special thanks to Paul Cohune, who has generously de- voted his time to editing this and virtually every paper I have written in the last 10 years, to Zach Katz for sharing his profound knowledge of the music industry, and to my future col- leagues at Ropes & Gray, LLP. I am also very grateful for the assistance of the editors of the UCLA Entertainment Law Review. Mr. Rotem welcomes comments at alon.rotem@ gmail.com. -
Jeff Smith Head of Music, BBC Radio 2 and 6 Music Media Masters – August 16, 2018 Listen to the Podcast Online, Visit
Jeff Smith Head of Music, BBC Radio 2 and 6 Music Media Masters – August 16, 2018 Listen to the podcast online, visit www.mediamasters.fm Welcome to Media Masters, a series of one to one interviews with people at the top of the media game. Today, I’m here in the studios of BBC 6 Music and joined by Jeff Smith, the man who has chosen the tracks that we’ve been listening to on the radio for years. Now head of music for BBC Radio 2 and BBC Radio 6 Music, Jeff spent most of his career in music. Previously he was head of music for Radio 1 in the late 90s, and has since worked at Capital FM and Napster. In his current role, he is tasked with shaping music policy for two of the BBC’s most popular radio stations, as the technology of how we listen to music is transforming. Jeff, thank you for joining me. Pleasure. Jeff, Radio 2 has a phenomenal 15 million listeners. How do you ensure that the music selection appeals to such a vast audience? It’s a challenge, obviously, to keep that appeal across the board with those listeners, but it appears to be working. As you say, we’re attracting 15.4 million listeners every week, and I think it’s because I try to keep a balance of the best of the best new music, with classic tracks from a whole range of eras, way back to the 60s and 70s. So I think it’s that challenge of just making that mix work and making it work in terms of daytime, and not only just keeping a kind of core audience happy, but appealing to a new audience who would find that exciting and fun to listen to. -
Canada in the Classroom
Canada in the Classroom Notes to Accompany PowerPoint Presentation (Given at the Canadian Consulate in Denver in September 2005) by Nadine Fabbi, University of Washington Slide #1 – Canadian Studies in the U.S. This power point presentation will introduce you to Canadian Studies in the U.S. and to the rationale behind international education in the U.S. It will orient you to the Canadian Studies “community” and answer the question, “Why study Canada?” In addition, the presentation will provide a quick overview of Canadian-American history and the Linking: Connecting Canadian History to the U.S. curriculum modules available on the K-12 STUDY CANADA website. Slide #2 – Sputnik 1 In 1957, at the height of the Cold War, the Soviet Union launched the first artificial satellite – Sputnik 1. Its launch kicked off the Space Race but, more important to this discussion, the U.S. responded by setting in place a reform movement in science and international education. Millions of dollars were immediately poured into scientific research and international education and the U.S. Department of Education’s International Programs were created. (The largest increase in funding in international programs since that time came after 9/11.) The U.S. defined international education as critical to global competitiveness and to the peaceful resolution of conflict. And, as our world shrinks in size, international studies is increasingly relevant. Slide #3 – Map with National Resource Centers One of the many federally-funded international programs are the Title VI programs whose mandate is to increase international studies content in teaching and research not only at the level of higher education, but also with the general public, business, media, the government, and for K-12 educators. -
Discover Canada the Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship 2 Your Canadian Citizenship Study Guide
STUDY GUIDE Discover Canada The Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship 2 Your Canadian Citizenship Study Guide Message to Our Readers The Oath of Citizenship Le serment de citoyenneté Welcome! It took courage to move to a new country. Your decision to apply for citizenship is Je jure (ou j’affirme solennellement) another big step. You are becoming part of a great tradition that was built by generations of pioneers I swear (or affirm) Que je serai fidèle before you. Once you have met all the legal requirements, we hope to welcome you as a new citizen with That I will be faithful Et porterai sincère allégeance all the rights and responsibilities of citizenship. And bear true allegiance à Sa Majesté la Reine Elizabeth Deux To Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second Reine du Canada Queen of Canada À ses héritiers et successeurs Her Heirs and Successors Que j’observerai fidèlement les lois du Canada And that I will faithfully observe Et que je remplirai loyalement mes obligations The laws of Canada de citoyen canadien. And fulfil my duties as a Canadian citizen. Understanding the Oath Canada has welcomed generations of newcomers Immigrants between the ages of 18 and 54 must to our shores to help us build a free, law-abiding have adequate knowledge of English or French In Canada, we profess our loyalty to a person who represents all Canadians and not to a document such and prosperous society. For 400 years, settlers in order to become Canadian citizens. You must as a constitution, a banner such as a flag, or a geopolitical entity such as a country. -
20-4.4 Canadian National Identity
20-4.4 Canadian National Identity National Identity 1. Survey your classmates to find out what being Canadian means to them. Fill out the organizer below. Student’s Name What being a Canadian means to him or her: Share your answers with classmates and create a class poster that illustrates what being Canadian means to students in your class. Knowledge and Employability Studio Social Studies 20-4.4 Canadian National Identity ©Alberta Education, April 2019 (www.LearnAlberta.ca) National Identity 1/11 2. Did the people in your class express different points of view on Canadian identity? Your culture and personal experiences may affect your perspective on what it means to be Canadian. Find out how the different types of Canadians below feel about Canadian identity and fill in the diagram with key words that describe their feelings. First Nations French New Canadians Immigrants Canadian Identity Urban Descendants Dwellers of European Settlers Rural Dwellers Knowledge and Employability Studio Social Studies 20-4.4 Canadian National Identity ©Alberta Education, April 2019 (www.LearnAlberta.ca) National Identity 2/11 3. Choose one of the groups from the previous Use these tools: question or another group and conduct a more thorough investigation of how people in that Getting Started with Research group feel about Canadian identity. Create a Recording Information simple presentation of your findings. If possible, include interviews and quotes. 4. To better understand symbols that promote a collective identity in Canada, follow these steps. Step one: Explain the history and importance of the following symbols of Canadian national identity. The Canadian Coat of Arms The Canadian Flag (Maple Leaf) The Canadian National Anthem (O Canada) Step two: Identify 10 Where to Start on the Web other symbols that promote Canadian https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian- identity and what each heritage/services/official-symbols-canada.html represents. -
Human Geography of Canada: Developing a Vast Wilderness
Chapter 7 Guided Notes _________________________________________________________________________________________ NAME Human Geography of Canada: Developing a Vast Wilderness Three major groups in Canada—the native peoples, the French, and the English—have melded into a diverse and economically strong nation. Section 1: History and Government of Canada French and British settlement greatly influenced Canada’s political development. Canada’s size and climate affected economic growth and population distribution. The First Settlers and Colonial Rivalry Early Peoples After Ice Age, migrants cross Arctic land bridge from Asia o ancestors of Arctic Inuit (Eskimos); North American Indians to south Vikings found Vinland (Newfoundland) about A.D. 1000; later abandon Colonization by France and Britain French explorers claim much of Canada in 1500–1600s as “New France”; British settlers colonize the Atlantic Coast Steps Toward Unity Establishing the Dominion of Canada In 1791 Britain creates two political units called provinces o Upper Canada (later, Ontario): English-speaking, Protestant; Lower Canada (Quebec): French-speaking, Roman Catholic Rupert’s Land a northern area owned by fur-trading company Immigrants arrive, cities develop: Quebec City, Montreal, Toronto o railways, canals are built as explorers seek better fur-trading areas Continental Expansion and Development From the Atlantic to the Pacific In 1885 a transcontinental railroad goes from Montreal to Vancouver o European immigrants arrive and Yukon gold brings fortune hunters; -
Playlists from the Matrix — Combining Audio and Metadata in Semantic Embeddings
PLAYLISTS FROM THE MATRIX — COMBINING AUDIO AND METADATA IN SEMANTIC EMBEDDINGS Kyrill Pugatschewski1;2 Thomas Kollmer¨ 1 Anna M. Kruspe1 1 Fraunhofer IDMT, Ilmenau, Germany 2 University of Saarland, Saarbrucken,¨ Germany [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT 2. DATASET 2.1 Crawling We present a hybrid approach to playlist generation which The Spotify Web API 2 has been chosen as source of playlist combines audio features and metadata. Three different ma- information. We focused on playlists created by tastemak- trix factorization models have been implemented to learn ers, popular users such as labels and radio stations, as- embeddings for audio, tags and playlists as well as fac- suming that their track listings have higher cohesiveness in tors shared between tags and playlists. For training data, comparison to user collections of their favorite songs. Ex- we crawled Spotify for playlists created by tastemakers, tracted data includes 30-second preview clips, genres and assuming that popular users create collections with high high-level audio features such as danceability and instru- track cohesion. Playlists generated using the three differ- mentalness. ent models are presented and discussed. In total, we crawled 11,031 playlists corresponding to 4,302,062 distinct tracks. For 1,147 playlists, we have pre- view clips for their 54,745 distinct tracks. 165 playlists are curated by tastemakers, corresponding to 6,605 tracks. 1. INTRODUCTION 2.2 Preprocessing The overabundance of digital music makes manual compi- To use the high-level audio features within our model, we lation of good playlists a difficult process. -
Asian Minorities in Canada: Focusing on Chinese and Japanese People
Asian Minorities in Canada: Focusing on Chinese and Japanese People Jeong Mi Lee A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Graduate Department of East Asian Studies University of Toronto O Copyright by Jeong Mi Lee 1999 National Library Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OnawaON K1AW OnawaON K1AW Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing tk exclusive permettant a la National Lïbrary of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfichelfilm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or othenvise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Asian Minorities in Canada: Focusing on Chinese and Japanese People Master of Arts, 1999 Jeong Mi Lee Department of East Asian Studies University of Toronto Abstract Canada consists of immigrants from al1 over the world - and it creates diverse cultures in one society. Arnong them, Asian immigrants from China and Japan have especially experienced many difficulties in the early period. -
TELLIN' STORIES: the Art of Building & Maintaining Artist Legacies
TELLIN’ STORIES The Art Of Building & Maintaining Artist Legacies TELLIN’ STORIES: The Art of Building & Maintaining Artist Legacies Introduction “A legacy has to be proactive and reactive at the same time and their greatest successes lie in simultaneously looking back to guide the way forward...” Legacies in music are a life’s work – constantly sometimes it can have a detrimental impact. It is evolving and surprising audiences. a high-wire act and a bad decision can unspool a lifetime of work, an image becomes frozen or the It does not follow, however, that just because you artists (and their art) are painted into a corner. have built a legacy in your career that it is set in stone forever. Legacies are ongoing work and they When an artist passes away, that work they have to be worked at, refined and maintained. achieved in their lifetime has to be carried on by the Existing audiences have to be held onto and new artist’s estate. Increasingly they have to be worked audiences have to be continually brought on board. and developed just like current living artists. Streaming and social media have made that always- Equally, it does not follow that everything an on approach more straightforward, but every step artist and their team does will add to or expand has to be carefully calculated and remain true to that legacy. Sometimes it can have no impact and the original vision of that artist. 2 TELLIN’ STORIES: The Art of Building & Maintaining Artist Legacies Contents 02 Introduction 04 Filing systems: the art of archive management 12 Inventory -
Your Guide to Over 2500 Channels of Entertainment
YOUR GUIDE TO OVER 2500 CHANNELS OF ENTERTAINMENT Voted World’s Best Infl ight Entertainment Digital Widescreen February 2017 for the 12th consecutive year! PLANET Explore the wonders ofEARTH II and more incredible entertainment NEW MOVIES | DOCUMENTARIES | SPORT | ARABIC MOVIES | COMEDY TV | KIDS | BOLLYWOOD | DRAMA | NEW MUSIC | BOX SETS | AND MORE ENTERTAINMENT An extraordinary experience... Wherever you’re going, whatever your mood, you’ll find over 2500 channels of the world’s best inflight entertainment to explore on today’s flight. 496 movies Information… Communication… Entertainment… THE LATEST MOVIES Track the progress of your Stay connected with in-seat* phone, Experience Emirates’ award- flight, keep up with news SMS and email, plus Wi-Fi and mobile winning selection of movies, you can’t miss and other useful features. roaming on select flights. TV, music and games. from page 16 STAY CONNECTED ...AT YOUR FINGERTIPS Connect to the OnAir Wi-Fi 4 103 network on all A380s and most Boeing 777s Move around 1 Choose a channel using the games Go straight to your chosen controller pad programme by typing the on your handset channel number into your and select using 2 3 handset, or use the onscreen the green game channel entry pad button 4 1 3 Swipe left and right like Search for movies, a tablet. Tap the arrows TV shows, music and ĒĬĩĦĦĭ onscreen to scroll system features ÊÉÏ 2 4 Create and access Tap Settings to Português, Español, Deutsch, 日本語, Français, ̷͚͑͘͘͏͐, Polski, 中文, your own playlist adjust volume and using Favourites brightness Many movies are available in up to eight languages. -
Classical Revival in 2020
THE CLASSICAL REVIVAL IN 2020 A report by BPI, Deezer and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra Deezer, BPI and the Royal Philharmonic (RPO) present their first ever collaborative report which brings together streaming data with consumer opinion research. Using Deezer’s streaming data, the report highlights the demographic profile of Classical listeners across a range of countries and whether that has changed during lockdown. The market research data (provided by the RPO) reports on consumer attitudes to music during the period of home isolation. The RPO has seen online and social media audience engagement soar during lockdown and it has premiered several online concerts. All the organisations involved in this report share a commitment to broadening the range and appeal of Classical music to a broader and younger audience. Please address any questions to: Chris Green: [email protected] Hannah Wright: [email protected] INTRODUCTION RPO: Guy Bellamy: [email protected] • In a one-year period (April 2019- 2020), there was a 17% increase of Classical listeners on Deezer worldwide. • In the last year, almost a third (31%) of Deezer’s Classical listeners in the UK were under 35 years old, a much younger age profile than those who typically purchase Classical music. • RPO’s research found that under 35s were the most likely age group to have listened to orchestral music during lockdown (59%, compared to a national average of 51%). • There were a greater number of female KEY listeners in the UK listening to Deezer’s FINDINGS Classical playlists during lockdown. • Classical fans preferred mood-based music during lockdown. -
'O Canada' and the Two Solitudes
‘O Canada’ and the Two Solitudes James Bowden e should speak not of one “O Canada” but Des plus brillants exploits. Wof the two O Canadas, which represent Et ta valeur, de foi trempée, the two solitudes of English and French Canada. Protégera nos foyers et nos droits. The original French lyrics of Sir Adolphe-Basile Protégera nos foyers et nos droits. Routhier and the English lyrics of Sir Robert Stanley Weir bear no resemblance to each oth- Translation: er. The French lyrics celebrate the French Fact and commemorate a glorious crusade to Chris- O Canada, tianize North America with lines like “he knows land of our ancestors to carry the sword; he knows to carry the cross” Glorious deeds circle your brow and “valour steeped in faith”; in contrast, the For your arm knows how to wield the sword English lyrics appeal to a Loyalist patriotism, Your arm knows how to carry the cross; where the “true” in “True North” suggests the Your history is an epic virtues of steadfastness and loyalty. of brilliant deeds Parliament adopted Routhier’s original And your valour steeped in faith French text of “O Canada” and a modified ver- will protect our homes and our rights, sion of Weir’s English version of “O Canada” as Will protect our homes and our rights. the official national anthem through the Na- tional Anthem Act of 1980. The English lyrics Weir’s original poem from 1908 said: derived from the modifications that a Special Joint Committee of the House of Commons and O Canada! Senate had recommended to Weir’s poem in Our home, our native land.