Masked Birds

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Masked Birds Learning about animal characteristics can help children to learn to observe. As children learn outdoor observation activities, they can begin to make comparisons. Here is one example. Many animals and birds have colouring that looks to us like eye masks. The Blue Dacnis (Dacnis cayana) in the Atlantic Rainforest of South America, the Masked Laughingthrush (Garrulax perspicillatus) in Asia, and some of the nuthatches ( Sitta europaea and Sitta canadensis) in Europe and North America all are examples of birds with a black band across their eyes: Blue Dacnis MaskedLaughingthrush nuthatches Biologists do not really know why that type of colouring evolved. The strongest theory is that it makes the eyes (and thus the bird) seem larger and that predators will be scared off. That makes sense for masks that look like huge circles around the eyes, but we are not so sure about the type of mask that looks like a bandit's. Such a marking does not make the eyes seem bigger; it makes them seem to disappear. Perhaps that scares predators too. In a class discussion, we asked children (aged 6-7) why they thought birds would have such a mask across their faces. Here are some of the responses: • Maybe it is some kind of a crook • So the bugs could not see it eat them • It looks cool Make bird masks All you need is a roll of black crepe paper. Cut a strip for each child. Let them cut eye holes, and tie the strip around their heads. Ask them to choose which of the four masked birds above they want to be, and to draw a picture of it. To help them decide, if you have classroom computers and the internet, go to the Internet Bird Collection http://ibc.lynxeds.com/ and look at some videos of them. Remember to type the Latin name into the search box to get straight to the correct bird. Discussion Ask the children why they think these birds have such a masking. Get them discussing and exchanging ideas. Extend the observation The next time you go outdoors, ask the children to look for other similarities in colouring in nature. ©2014 Anne Morddel .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Bulletin Biological Assessment Boletín RAP Evaluación Biológica
Rapid Assessment Program Programa de Evaluación Rápida Evaluación Biológica Rápida de Chawi Grande, Comunidad Huaylipaya, Zongo, La Paz, Bolivia RAP Bulletin A Rapid Biological Assessment of of Biological Chawi Grande, Comunidad Huaylipaya, Assessment Zongo, La Paz, Bolivia Boletín RAP de Evaluación Editores/Editors Biológica Claudia F. Cortez F., Trond H. Larsen, Eduardo Forno y Juan Carlos Ledezma 70 Conservación Internacional Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Gobierno Autónomo Municipal de La Paz Rapid Assessment Program Programa de Evaluación Rápida Evaluación Biológica Rápida de Chawi Grande, Comunidad Huaylipaya, Zongo, La Paz, Bolivia RAP Bulletin A Rapid Biological Assessment of of Biological Chawi Grande, Comunidad Huaylipaya, Assessment Zongo, La Paz, Bolivia Boletín RAP de Evaluación Editores/Editors Biológica Claudia F. Cortez F., Trond H. Larsen, Eduardo Forno y Juan Carlos Ledezma 70 Conservación Internacional Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Gobierno Autónomo Municipal de La Paz The RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment is published by: Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA USA 22202 Tel: +1 703-341-2400 www.conservation.org Cover Photos: Trond H. Larsen (Chironius scurrulus). Editors: Claudia F. Cortez F., Trond H. Larsen, Eduardo Forno y Juan Carlos Ledezma Design: Jaime Fernando Mercado Murillo Map: Juan Carlos Ledezma y Veronica Castillo ISBN 978-1-948495-00-4 ©2018 Conservation International All rights reserved. Conservation International is a private, non-proft organization exempt from federal income tax under section 501c(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. The designations of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Conservation International or its supporting organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
[Show full text]
REGUA Bird List July 2020.Xlsx
Birds of REGUA/Aves da REGUA Updated July 2020. The taxonomy and nomenclature follows the Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos (CBRO), Annotated checklist of the birds of Brazil by the Brazilian Ornithological Records Committee, updated June 2015 - based on the checklist of the South American Classification Committee (SACC). Atualizado julho de 2020. A taxonomia e nomenclatura seguem o Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos (CBRO), Lista anotada das aves do Brasil pelo Comitê Brasileiro de Registros Ornitológicos, atualizada em junho de 2015 - fundamentada na lista do Comitê de Classificação da América do Sul (SACC).
[Show full text]
Ficha Informativa De Los Humedales De Ramsar (FIR) Versión 2009-2012
Ficha Informativa de los Humedales de Ramsar (FIR) versión 2009-2012 1. Nombre y dirección del compilador de la Ficha: PARA USO INTERNO DE LA OFICINA DE RAMSAR . DD MM YY Sandro Menezes Silva Conservação Internacional (CI-Brasil) R. Paraná, 32 CEP-79020-290 Designation date Site Reference Number Campo Grande - MS – Brasil [email protected] Tel: +55(67) 3326-0002 Fax: +55(67) 3326-8737 2. Fecha en que la Ficha se llenó /actualizó : Julio 2008 3. País: Brasil 4. Nombre del sitio Ramsar: Reserva Particular del Patrimonio Natural (RPPN) “Fazenda Rio Negro” 5. Designación de nuevos sitios Ramsar o actualización de los ya existentes: Esta FIR es para (marque una sola casilla) : a) Designar un nuevo sitio Ramsar o b) Actualizar información sobre un sitio Ramsar existente 6. Sólo para las actualizaciones de FIR, cambios en el sitio desde su designación o anterior actualización: 7. Mapa del sitio: a) Se incluye un mapa del sitio, con límites claramente delineados, con el siguiente formato: i) versión impresa (necesaria para inscribir el sitio en la Lista de Ramsar): Anexo 1 ; ii ) formato electrónico (por ejemplo, imagen JPEG o ArcView) iii) un archivo SIG con tablas de atributos y vectores georreferenciados sobre los límites del sitio b) Describa sucintamente el tipo de delineación de límites aplicado: El límite del Sitio Ramsar es el mismo de la RPPN Fazenda Rio Negro, reconocida oficialmente como área protegida por el gobierno de la Provincia de Mato Grosso 8. Coordenadas geográficas (latitud / longitud, en grados y minutos): Lat 19°33'2.78"S / long 56°13'27.93"O (coordenadas de la sede de la hacienda) 9.
[Show full text]
The Feeding Ecology of Tanagers and Honeycreepers in Trinidad
THE FEEDING ECOLOGY OF TANAGERS AND HONEYCREEPERS IN TRINIDAD B^•B^•^ K. S•ow ^•r• D. W. S•ow Dtmi•G the last 131/2months of our 41/2-years' residence in Trinidad (August 1960 to September 1961) we kept systematicrecords of the feedingbehavior of the commonertanagers and honeycreepers.By this time, besidesknowing the bird specieswell, we had learned to identify most of the trees and shrubs,particularly those in the northern mountain range where we lived. The correct systematictreatment of the tanagersand honeycreepersis still uncertain. Formerly they were separated as Thraupidae and Coerebidae,but Beecher (1951) argued that the Coerebidaeare a hetero- geneousgroup and recommendedplacing Coereba and Conirostrumwith the Parulidaeand the otherswith the Thraupidae. Whatevertheir correct systematicarrangement, they form a natural ecologicalgroup of small to medium-sized birds of wooded habitats that take a mixed diet of insects and fruit, with somenectar. The tanagersare structurally unspecialized as a group, but the honeycreepersin beak and tongue are to some extent specializedfor nectar-eating. As fruit-eaters,both tanagersand honey- creeperstypically exploit the smaller, succulent fruits of trees, shrubs, and vines,and are ecologicallyquite distinct from the larger, specialized fruit-eating birds that exploit the larger and more nutritious fruits of palms,Lauraceae, Burseraceae, and someother tree families (Snow, 1971). They are commonand conspicuousbirds of the neotropicalforests, where many speciescoexist, frequently with little obviousecological
[Show full text]
Spatial Distribution and Trophic Structure of Bird's Communities Of
Available online at www.worldnewsnaturalsciences.com WNOFNS 35 (2021) 1-24 EISSN 2543-5426 Spatial distribution and trophic structure of bird’s communities of Atlantic Forest fragments in Brazil Fabio Rossano Dario Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos da Vida Silvestre, Rua Leonardo Mota, 66 - São Paulo-SP, Brazil - ZIP 05586-090 E-mail address: [email protected] Phone: +5511981541925 ABSTRACT We analyzed the differences in composition, richness, and abundance of birds in forest fragments of the Atlantic Forest in the São Paulo State, Brazil, and we demonstrated the variations in richness and abundance of birds between different trophic guilds. We used point counts to characterize the avifauna. Sampling was conducted in two seasons: summer and winter of 2020 in a total of 18 hours distributed in 54 samples. A total of 544 contacts were obtained, belonging to 144 bird species distributed among 22 orders and 45 families and categorized in 18 trophic guilds. The omnivores and insectivores birds composed most of the community, occupying the edge and different strata of the forest such as canopy and understory. For each species, we calculated the abundance index value that showed our study site had a large number of species with low index and few species with intermediate to high index compared to the pattern observed in other surveys. Our study area was characterized by high species diversity for both periods studied. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index for our study areas was 4.62. Equitability was high, 0.92, suggesting the number of species registered in our study site represented the maximum capacity the areas can shelter.
[Show full text]
Dacnis Venusta (Lawrence, 1862) (Aves: Thraupidae) for the Middle Magdalena Valley of Santander, Colombia
13 3 2124 the journal of biodiversity data 20 May 2017 Check List NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 13(3): 2124, 20 May 2017 https://doi.org/10.15560/13.3.2124 ISSN 1809-127X © 2017 Check List and Authors First record of Scarlet-thighed Dacnis, Dacnis venusta (Lawrence, 1862) (Aves: Thraupidae) for the middle Magdalena valley of Santander, Colombia Fernando Javier Cediel Martínez1 & Víctor Hugo Serrano-Cardozo Universidad Industrial de Santander, School of Biology, Cra 27 # 9, Bucaramanga, Colombia 1 Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: We report the first record of the Scarlet-thighed (Linnaeus, 1758)], Blue-gray Tanager [Thraupis episcopus Dacnis (Dacnis venusta) for middle Magdalena valley in the (Linnaeus, 1766)], and Palm Tanager [Thraupis palmarum department of Santander, Colombia. This record extends (Wied, 1821)]. It has been observed feeding on Cecropia the range of the species more than 185 km to the east of (Cecropia sp.) and Ficus (Ficus sp.) trees with other frugivo- its previously known distribution. This observation is part rous birds (Daily & Ehrlich 1994). The MMRV is a tec- of a project to monitor the fauna in the influence zone of tonic depression indicted between the central and eastern the Topocoro dam and shows the importance of studying Andean mountain ranges, which extends through several fragmented ecosystems and less frequently sampled sites departments in Colombia following the Magdalena River such as the Serranía de la Paz. (Mojica & Franco 1990). Its vegetation type is the Tropi- cal Humid Forest (Etter et al. 1998). The MMRV is highly Key words: Neotropics; new record; range extension; Serranía de la Paz; Topocoro dam biodiverse, but because of its importance for Colombia’s economic development, it has undergone huge landscape transformation, principally from the conversion of forests The Scarlet-thighed Dacnis, Dacnis venusta (Lawrence, into pastures, farm fields, and roads.
[Show full text]
Timothy Wong Biologist II, Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118
Birds vs. Butterflies: Exhibiting Tropical Passerines and Lepidoptera in the Osher Rainforest Exhibit at the California Academy of Sciences Timothy Wong Biologist II, Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118 The Osher Rainforest exhibit at the California Academy of Sciences houses a mixed species display of birds, butterflies, tropical plants, reptiles, fish, and amphibians in a spherical glass greenhouse. The exhibit was designed to house a diverse and naturalistic selection of species originating from rainforest habitats around the world; providing unique challenges for husbandry staff to successfully display a diverse selection of tropical Lepidoptera with insectivorous Passerine species chosen for exhibit. Photo 1: Paradise Tanager Tangara chilensis Photo 2: Heliconius hecale nectaring Introduction Displaying live tropical butterflies successfully with insectivorous birds naturally poses many challenges. Since opening in 2008, the species of exhibit butterflies remained relatively unchanged resulting in regular predation and fewer butterflies on display. In 2017, the exhibit underwent significant renovations to improve how visitors experienced live butterflies, creating opportunities to make changes to husbandry, improve the habitat, and try new species of butterflies at elevated numbers while maintaining compatibility with the existing bird collection. These changes aimed to increase the survivability and maximize the diversity of butterflies on display. New feeding
[Show full text]
A Partial Albino Red-Legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes Cyaneus in C O S Ta R Ic A
C o tin g a 1 5 A partial albino Red-legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes cyaneus in C o s ta R ic a Andrew W . Kratter and Brian Nice Cotinga 15 (2001): 15– 16 Un albino parcial de Mielero Patirrojo Cyanerpes cyaneus fue observado varias veces en la Finca Nice, al sudoeste de Costa Rica, entre febrero y julio de 1999. Se presenta una descripción completa y fotografías de este individuo aberrante, y se discuten las razones para identificarlo como C. cyaneus. In early February 1999, BN noticed an unusual bird individual lacked pigment in its bill and most of its on his property (Finca Nice) in south-west Costa head and thighs, and partially in its scapulars and Rica. The 2.5 ha property, overlooking the Pacific lesser and median wing-coverts; the irides, legs, Coast, is at 50 m elevation, between the towns of posterior body, wings and tail appeared normal. Dominical and Uvita. The striking small passerine The only other vaguely similar species expected (Figs. 1–2) was seen several times over the next six in Costa Rica, Shining Honeycreeper Cyanerpes months and was photographed in late February. It lucidus, has a shorter bill than C. cyaneus, yellow was frequently accompanied by a female Red-leg legs, a blue back and a black throat6,7,9. Females of ged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes cyaneus, a common the two species are also quite similar6,7,9. The post species at the ranch, and was most often seen with breeding plumage of male Red-legged mixed flocks of other tanagers (e.g.
[Show full text]
First Nesting Records of the Black-Legged Dacnis Dacnis Nigripes, with Notes on Field Identification, Ecology, Conservation
Cotinga 32 First nesting records of the Black-legged Dacnis Dacnis nigripes, with notes on field identification, ecology, conservation and recent records from Espírito Santo, Brazil Andrew Whittaker, Ricardo Parrini and Kevin J. Zimmer Received 28 April 2009; final revision accepted 4 May 2010 Cotinga 32 (2010): 65–73 Apresentamos as primeiras informações sobre a reprodução do saí-de-pernas-pretas Dacnis nigripes, incluindo descrições detalhadas de sete ninhos, informação sobre época de reprodução, período de incubação, tempo de permanência dos filhotes no ninho, cuidado parental, comportamento alimentar e os itens alimentares oferecidos aos filhotes. Comparamos os dados do campo de D. nigripes com dados publicados sobre os congêneres, especialmente da espécie mais comum saí-azul Dacnis cayana. Discutimos ainda registros inéditos e recentes de D. nigripes no Estado do Espírito Santo, os quais ampliam a distribuição conhecida da espécie. Finalmente, são descritos os problemas de identificação desta ave endêmica da Mata Atlântica brasileira, principalmente em comparação com a subespécie simpátrica D. cayana paraguayensis. Black-legged Dacnis Dacnis nigripes8 is a rare are estimates, except those at nests 5–6, at which and little-known endemic of south-east Brazil, precise measurements were taken. being found locally from coastal lowlands to Nest 1.—Found at Fazenda Capricórnio, adjacent montane Atlantic Forest (0–1,700 m). Ubatuba, São Paulo (23°25’S 45°05’W; c.200 m) on Its known range extends from Espírito Santo to 16 October 1994 by AW & KJZ. A pair was observed Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná (five recent constructing a nest in a large (30-m tall), emergent records12) and northern Santa Catarina, and it is Schizolobium parahyba (Fabaceae) shade tree, considered Vulnerable1.
[Show full text]
Identification Chart for Denison Bird Collection
78 77 84 82 76 83 GREEN 79 80 81 (BEHIND 82) BLACK & 71 YELLOW 73 72 YELLOW (BEHIND 72) 74 85 (BEHIND 68) 75 68 66 65 67 IRIDESCENT BLUE 64 63 69 70 61 58 57 56 62 54 55 RED CHEST 53 52 51 BLUE BODY 60 46 50 59 (BEHIND 49) 41 GREEN BODY 45 48 YELLOW CHEST 42 49 BEHIND LEAF 43 BROWN BODY 44 36 37 (BEHIND 36) 47 40 39 38 SMALL GREEN BODY 35 BLACK & GREEN 29 34 GREEN BODY 33 BODY 30 BROWN BODY SMALL 28 32 BEHIND LEAF 27 31 BROWN 20 BODY 18 BROWN BODY 26 25 19 17 GREEN BODY BLUE HEAD 24 22 21 23 15 14 16 RED HEAD 10 11 12 13 9 7 ID CHART 8 6 FOR 5 4 DENISON 3 BIRD 1 COLLECTION 2 (1979.48) CONSERVATION NUMBER BIRD SPECIES NATIVE REGION REFERENCE STATUS* 1 Hooded Merganser New England LC 2 Virginia Rail Americas LC IUCN Red List 3 Clapper Rail Americas LC IUCN Red List 4 California Quail Americas LC 5 Horned Lark North America LC Greenman 6 Lineated Woodpecker Central and South America LC 7 Wood Duck Americas LC 8 9 Turquoise Tanager South America LC whatbird.com Forum 10 Black Throated Magpie Jay Mexico LC whatbird.com Forum 11 Woodcreeper Central and South America whatbird.com Forum 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Pompadour Cotinga South America LC whatbird.com Forum CONSERVATION NUMBER BIRD SPECIES NATIVE REGION REFERENCE STATUS* 21 22 23 24 25 Green-and-Black Fruiteater South America LC whatbird.com Forum 26 27 Eurasian Jay Europe and Asia LC whatbird.com Forum 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 White-Bibbed Manakin (possibly) Central America LC whatbird,com Forum 37 38 39 40 Quetzal South America NT IUCN Red List CONSERVATION NUMBER BIRD SPECIES NATIVE
[Show full text]
Diversity and Trophic Structure of Birds in Forest Fragments in The
Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences e-ISSN 2348–1854 Sch J Agric Vet Sci 2017; 4(9):364-373 p-ISSN 2348–8883 ©Scholars Academic and Scientific Publishers (SAS Publishers) (An International Publisher for Academic and Scientific Resources) Diversity and trophic structure of birds in forest fragments in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil Fabio Rossano Dario1 1PhD by Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento, Italy Abstract: The diversity of birds is directly correlated with the structure of the forest. The *Corresponding author fragmentation of forest, i.e., the disruption in the continuity of forest habitat cover can Fabio Rossano Dario cause impacts on bird’s abundance, species richness, and community dynamics. Any interference with the vegetation produces direct effects on the avifauna through the Article History increase, decrease, or alternation of two key attributes: food and shelter. So, the Received: 03.08.2017 composition of life in the forest is altered as changes occur in vegetation that directly Accepted: 16.08.2017 interferes with the population structure of the avifauna, being those changes natural or Published: 30.09.2017 anthropic. This study was realized in forest fragments of Atlantic Forest in a metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil, to analyze the groups of birds that were affected by the forest DOI: fragmentation in different stages of ecological succession and the results showed 10.21276/sjavs.2017.4.9.7 alterations in the diversity and density of bird’s species, principally among specialist species. Keywords: Birds, Ecological succession, Forest fragments, Trophic structure, Diversity INTRODUCTION The Atlantic Forest is one of the most important biodiversity hotspots; originally covering over 1.3 million km2, distributed along the Brazilian coastal, and is the most threatened Brazilian biome.
[Show full text]
Blue Dacnis Or Turquoise Honeycreeper)
UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Behaviour Dacnis cayana (Blue Dacnis or Turquoise Honeycreeper) Family: Thraupidae (Tanagers and Honeycreepers) Order: Passeriformes (Perching Birds) Class: Aves (Birds) Fig.1. Blue dacnis, Dacnis cayana, male (top) and female (bottom). [http://www.flickriver.com/photos/celiaurora/tags/p%C3%A1jaro/ downloaded 29 September 2012] TRAITS. Widespread and often common in forested and wooded habitats. 12.5 cm long, weight ranges from 10-16 grams. Elevational range; sea level to 4000 feet. These attractive honeycreepers have red eyes, bill longer and more pointed than any other Dacnis with a base that is pinkish, mostly males are turquoise blue, with black lores, back wings, tail and throat, wings and tail black-edged blue (Ridley & Tudor, 2009). Females have a lime green body, paler below UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Behaviour with a bluish green head and greyish throat. Both males and females have pink legs. They hang upside down in search of insects that are hidden in dead curled up leaves. ECOLOGY. They are found in varied habitats, most commonly in wooded and forested habitat ranging from dry deciduous to quite humid (Ridley & Tudor, 2009), also to some extent gardens and clearings. They are mostly found in pairs or small groups, they tend to move with mixed species flocks as they forage at all levels in search mainly for insects. They congregate with other birds to eat and come to flowering trees. They acrobatically explore the tree branches as well as leaves for fruits, insects and flower nectar.
[Show full text]