2|15 Staff Magazine of the Research Centre DESY

FLASH – fit for the future Hamburg’s Mayor Olaf Scholz and the Swedish State Secretary Anders Lönn name experimental hall

In a festive ceremony, Beatrix Vierkorn-Rudolph On Wednesday, 20 May, approximately researchers from all over the world even from the Ministry of Education and Research, the 450 guests participated in the naming more precise insights into the nanocosm,” Swedish State Secretary Anders Lönn, DESY Director ceremony for the two FLASH experi­ said DESY Director Helmut Dosch. In Helmut Dosch, Hamburg’s Mayor Olaf Scholz and the mental halls named after the physics the future, scientists will be able to peer son of Kai Siegbahn – Hans Siegbahn – (from left to ­pioneers and Nobel Prize winners Albert into the nanocosm using FLASH at up to right) named the two FLASH experimental halls Einstein and Kai Siegbahn. Before the twelve different experimental stations, after the physics Nobel Prize winners Albert Einstein installation of the first measuring stations for example to make film recordings of and Kai Siegbahn. Photo: Lars Berg/DESY in the newly erected “Kai Siegbahn” hall, chemical reactions, to examine the among others, Hamburg’s First Mayor ­dynamics of new types of data ­storage Olaf Scholz and Anders Lönn, Swedish devices, or to observe biomolecules at 50 years “Jugend forscht” 4 State Secretary to the Minister for Higher work. The research capacity of the X-ray Regional competition at DESY Education and Research, unveiled­ the hall laser is thereby doubled. “The double names’ letterings. The comprehensive FLASH is a further element by which the Business and biodiversity 8 technological upgrade and expansion of DESY campus in Bahrenfeld is being ex­ A project for more sustainability the facility enables entirely­ new ex­ panded, turning it into one of the world’s perimental opportunities and opens up leading sites for studying the structure of Restart of PETRA III 12 ground-breaking technologies­ to the materials,” emphasised Scholz. Research programme resumed ­international scientific community. “The further technical refinement of our suc­ “We are greatly honoured that you cessful X-ray laser FLASH will now give chose to name one of the laboratory CONTINUED ON PAGE 2 DIRECTOR’S CORNER halls after the Swedish scientist Kai thanks to new technological develop­ Siegbahn,” said Lönn. He also said ments. The facility will also be more that the Swedish-German cooperation flexible allowing the wavelength of the in the framework of the Röntgen X-rays on the new laser line to be ­Ångström Cluster is not only bringing ­altered during operation which is together world-class research in ­currently not possible at the original ­Germany and Sweden. The compre­ laser line. hensive research infrastructures in the region are also very competitive in “There is a special relationship ­attracting high-tech industries. ­between Albert Einstein, Kai Siegbahn and the research carried out at “The FLASH expansion creates com­ FLASH,” said Dosch. “Einstein’s pletely new research opportunities for ­explanation of the photoelectric effect scientific experiments and opens up using the idea that light behaves like Dear colleagues, new scientific territories,” said Beatrix particles is what enables us to take a Vierkorn-Rudolph, representative of sort of chemical fingerprint of our DESY is one of the world’s leading research centres the German Ministry for Education and samples.” 50 years later, the Swedish for the construction and operation of large-scale Research. “These opportunities also physicist Kai Siegbahn came up with accelerator facilities and corresponding experiments. enable new possibilities for cooperation photoelectron spectroscopy, a method Everywhere around the world, this research field is with industry.” that allows one to decode the chemical currently in an emergent phase with regard to new developments at photon sources. Free-electron ­lasers and storage rings with an extremely small emittance, i.e. with extremely parallel and fine light beams for even more precise measurements, are already being planned or constructed at several ­research centres. For both technologies, DESY is very well positioned with FLASH and PETRA III, as well as the European XFEL. However, in order to ­remain internationally competitive in the long run, DESY already now must plan the future expansion potential of its facilities, since the lead times for such projects may take 5 to 15 years.

As a result of the recent Helmholtz evaluation (POF III), the research field Matter is to develop a roadmap for the future of photon sources in ­Germany within the coming one to two years. Based on the very positive experience with FLASH2, the installation of tunable undulators at FLASH1 is of About 450 guests participated in the naming ceremony of the new Kai Siegbahn hall. Photo: Lars Berg highest priority­ to substantially reduce the photon energy changing time. Moreover, for FLASH, there is the idea to generate a slight energy increase of FLASH delivers extremely short and composition of samples. “This method the ­Linac and a higher pulse repetition rate. intense X-rays flashes, which can be has become an indispensable tool for used to observe the ultra-fast materials scientists, and is actually Currently, PETRA III still is the storage ring with the ­processes taking place in the world of ­being further developed at FLASH to smallest emittance worldwide. DESY considers the molecules and atoms. Every year, the study ultra-fast processes,” said Dosch. development of the facility towards a so-called facility is used by some 200 scientists “The choice of names emphasises the ­diffraction limited storage ring to be realised in from all over the world, but this repre­ close and fruitful German-Swedish about ten years. In cooperation with the European sents only a small fraction of the re­ collaboration in research, which has XFEL GmbH, a suitable and compatible proposal search proposals submitted. Over the been taken to a new level with the will be elaborated for the future XFEL extension. past three years, DESY has extended Röntgen Ångström Cluster.” (uw/tim) We are confident that with these plans, DESY will the facility for a cost of 33 million be excellently positioned for the future and for the ­euros, adding a second laser line and roadmap process. a second experimental hall. In doing this, however, DESY is not just Yours, ­increasing the number of experimental Edgar Weckert stations available; the quality of the ­X-ray flashes has also been improved

2 Job chances First natural sciences mentoring programme for women

By Ingeborg Adler the participating institutions. Over a period strategies within science. To guarantee The course for a scientific career is set of twelve months, it offers participants the most suitable mentor for the mentee, quite early. In April, a new mentoring the opportunity for intensive discussions the project leaders are supported by an programme was started on the DESY with an experienced mentor and the expert counselling network/mentoring campus, especially designed for women. chance to attend networking events and of the University of Hamburg during the The aim is to address women from workshops. “We are glad that we can pilot phase. “What is special about the ­natural sciences who see a career provide female top-class researchers a mentoring programme is the cooperation ­perspective in this environment – with mentoring programme which optimally between the partners located on the the goal to keep female academics in supports their individual career path,” DESY campus. We pool our competences science. said Marie Lutz, equal opportunity in ‘womanpower’, thus leading the way ­officer at CUI, who is leading the project for an equal opportunity measure across “Mentoring for Women in Natural together with Sylvie Faverot-Spengler, institutions which addresses and ­connects Sciencesˮ, this is the name of the equal opportunity commissioner at DESY. women from different research institu­ ­programme which is a joint project of tions,” Faverot-Spengler points out. The the Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging The pilot phase includes four to five project is supported by the MIN faculty CUI, DESY, the collaborative research dates per year where the participants of the University of Hamburg. Provided centres 676 and 925, and the PIER engage in a discussion with an individually a positive evaluation of the first phase of Helmholtz Graduate School. It addresses selected female mentor to obtain informal the programme, it may also be extended female doctoral students and postdocs of information about their career paths and to other programme partners.

PIER extends funding instruments Workshops and fellowships for new research ideas

By Mirko Siemssen The Partnership for Innovation, Education ­concentrates on projects at an early The PIER Fellowships fund guest stays and Research PIER of DESY and the ­stage where a rapid and non-bureau­ of scientists at any stage of their career University of Hamburg in future will not cratic financial support can significantly for a period ranging from two weeks to only fund research projects within the contribute to advances in knowledge. up to two months. The guest stays – in framework of PIER Seed Projects but terms of PIER funding – must be aimed has also created two additional funding The PIER Workshops funding line to develop new ideas in interdisciplinary lines: PIER Workshops and PIER ­supports inter-institutional and inter­ or inter-institutional context. Accordingly, ­Fellowships. All three instruments disciplinary cooperation. PIER workshops PIER fellows should have an intensive ­support the inter-institutional generation are characterised by following a topic exchange with more than one group of ideas. beyond what is discussed in ­specialized ­during their stay. scientific communities, by giving the The PIER Seed Projects support the participants plenty of time for discus­ identification, testing, elaboration and sions and by attracting scientists from implementation of innovative ideas in different organizations and disciplinary research and development in the four fields. The aim of the workshops is to INFO PIER research fields. The funding create new ideas and new cooperation. www.pier-hamburg.de/funding [email protected] +49 40 8998 5501

3 50 years of „Jugend forscht“ science competition Regional competition at DESY

50 years of “Jugend forscht” science competition! This, indeed, is a reason to celebrate for the DESY competition participants. Photo: Marta Mayer

By Kim Susan Petersen The “Jugend forscht” science competition At the last day, many visitors – not only At the Hamburg state competition, two celebrated its 50th anniversary. For 50 parents and relatives, but also interested projects from the DESY regional com­ years, this competition for young people DESY people and representatives of the petition qualified for the national finals in encourages them to engage in the fields local press – used the opportunity to Ludwigshafen: Chaim Lukas Maier from of mathematics, natural sciences and have a look at the exhibited projects Deutsche Schule Toulouse in Colomiers­ technology. For the third time, DESY ­being explained by the young researchers. and Colin Maier from the University of ­organized the regional competition in This was followed by a ceremonial event Hamburg focused on different methods Bahrenfeld, which is one of the three in the DESY auditorium, with DESY to shuffle playing cards, and Qimu Wang ­regional ­competitions in Hamburg. In ­Director Reinhard Brinkmann and Michael­ from Gymnasium Blankenese pursued February, more than a hundred partici­ Just from the Hamburg school board the question of whether the ­famous pants met in the premises of the DESY presenting diplomas to the participants. clone sheep Dolly was really a clone. “physik.be­greifenˮ school-lab to pre­ sent a total of 64 projects and discuss A total of eight projects were awarded a Angela Meyer zu Rheda, head of the them in detail with a group of jurors. 1st prize, thus qualifying for the Ham­ ­regional competition, is already looking burg state competition. Some special forward to cooperating with DESY next Twenty-five ­projects were part of the prizes were also endowed: Joscha­ year. “It is fun to jointly organise this “youth science” competition and 39 pro­ Löwe and Andreas Rausch from Gym­ competition. The DESY school-lab rooms jects were in the “student experiments” nasium Hochrad, for example, received­ are perfect for the presentation of the competition which already admits appli­ the Renewable Raw Materials special research results of the young ­talents. cations from students­ in the 4th school prize for their “Investigation of the suita­ With great commitment, school-lab leader grade. Once the jury interviews were bility of Chlorella vulgaris as foodstuff”. Karen Ong and her dedicated team over around noon, the kids and youths The Environmental Technology special ­provide for a smooth order of events could sigh with relief. The jurors, how­ prize was presented to Jakob and a wonderful competition atmos­ ever, still had some work ahead of them Grzeskowiak, Tim Barabas and Jan phere every year. This feedback was namely the determination of the ranking. Hoffmann from Lise Meitner Gymnasium given by the participants, the ­super- Certainly not an easy task given the for the “Performance increase of a solar ­­vising teachers and the jurors as well. large number of fascinating and inter­ cell through cooling and alignment”. For this, I would like to thank you very esting projects! much!”

4 Dark matter in the mirror AWARDS FUNK experiment is on the track of unknown ultralight elementary particles Hinrich Meyer becomes HAP Senior Fellow In recognition of his abundant merits re­ By Babette Döbrich very light dark matter candidates which garding the progress When you read this article, you will pro­ weakly couple to electromagnetic waves. of physics, particularly bably have the so-called dark matter The ALPS II experiment at DESY also astroparticle physics, ­directly in front of you. This mysterious looks for particles of this class. DESY scientist Hinrich form of matter is presumably so close to Meyer was elected you that it literally catches your eyes – If such a coupling is present, dark matter Senior Fellow of the Helmholtz Alliance for yet, it is still invisible. This is due to the will interact with components which Astroparticle Physics (HAP). The emeritus fact that dark matter, according to were actually designed for photons. The physics professor of the University of Wup­ ­current knowledge, is mainly interacting simplest way is to use a mirror. The larger pertal has done particle physics research in with ordinary matter via gravity and not the mirror, the more likely something will several DESY groups for decades, and he via electromagnetic radiation, to which be seen. FUNK (Finding U(1)‘s of a substantially contributed to the development of the astroparticle physics research field. our eyes are sensitive. ­Novel Kind) therefore measures the Meyer is still member of the DESY groups electromagnetic radiation which is H1 and BELLE II. Moreover, he works with What is dark matter made of? According ­emitted by a 13 square metre and colleagues at an experiment at DESY to to astrophysical measurements, it is five ­spherically curved mirror set up in an measure gravitation with high precision, times more abundant in the universe extremely dark environment. ­developed at the University of Wuppertal. than the kind of matter familiar to us; but currently, this question is completely In complete darkness, nothing should unresolved, although there are different be seen – unless dark matter definitely model concepts. Equally unresolved is interacts with the mirror. If such a signal the question whether dark matter never appears, the wavelength emitted by the Emmy Noether grant for interacts electromagnetically or only mirror should roughly correspond to the DESY theorist ­extremely weakly. With many different mass of the dark matter particles. This Elli Pomoni from ­DESY’s theory group detectors, physicists seek traces of this has the advantage that, with a broad­ received funds from unknown form of matter. band measurement, it would be possible the Emmy Noether to scan a broad measuring range of such Programme of the Ger­ To build a detector for such unknown dark matter candidates. Experimentally, man Research Foun­ forms of matter, it is necessary to pos­ the easiest way is to start the search dation (Deutsche For­ schungsgemeinschaft, DFG) amounting to tulate some of their characteristics. within visible light. Therefore, FUNK almost one million euros. The Emmy Noether Since the dark matter models are so uses a special detector (a low-noise Programme supports young scientists to ­different, the detectors vary as well. photomultiplier) sponsored by the Helm­ carry out independent research in the early Only recently, a new experiment in holtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics, phase of their scientific career. Elli Pomoni Karlsruhe, with the participation of which this summer for the first time will will use the grant to establish a group of young DESY scientists, joined this colourful hold a mirror up to dark matter. Let’s researchers including two PhD students and one postdoc. Over a funding period of five group: FUNK is sensitive to a group of see if it will show its face. years, Pomoni and her team will conduct a research project on “Exact results in gauge theories”.

Innovation award for DESY start-up With an innovative high-speed X-ray camera, the DESY spin-off X-Spectrum GmbH has won the Hamburg Innovation Award in the category Start. The newly developed camera enables cutting-edge research in a fraction of the time previously needed, as the jury emphasized. The company‘s founders received the award at the Hamburg Innovation Summit. The fast X-ray camera with high resolution named LAMBDA (Large Area Medipix Based Detector Array) is equipped with 750 000 pixels and takes up to 2000 images per second. http://hamburg-innovation-summit.de

Members of the FUNK team in front of the mirror. Photo: Ralph Engel

5 NEWS Matter and Technology 1st CSSB International Symposium Kick-off meeting of new Helmholtz programme at DESY What is systems biology? How can systems biology approaches advance infection biology At the end of February, approximately technology developers of instrumentation research? Investigating these key questions was the focus of the 1st CSSB (Centre for 200 scientists, including 50 PhD students will have plenty of work for years to come. Structural Systems Biology) International and postdocs, met at DESY for the kick- Symposium, held from 9 to 11 April at the off meeting of the new Helmholtz “Matter Addressing especially young researchers, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine and Technologies” research programme. a meeting of PhD students from the in Hamburg. The symposium organized in “The aim of the meeting was to put in “Matter and Technologies” programme cooperation with the Joachim Herz Stiftung, focused on understanding “Systems in In­ fec­ ­ concrete terms the goals formulated in took place prior to the actual kick-off. tion Biology – From Molecules to ­Organisms” last year’s programme proposal and to This first so-called “MT student retreat” and examined the potential ­synergies and determine the scientific projects for the was a forum for students to present interdisciplinary opportunities existing between coming five years,” said DESY scientist their work and most importantly to build CSSB’s three research areas; systems, in­ Ties Behnke, organiser of the workshop networks with students from other fection and structural biology. and spokesman of the programme. In a ­centres to develop a better understanding “Bringing together means among many other mixture of plenary talks and parallel the­ of the research done within the pro­ things: learning from each other, listening to me-sessions, the scientists coordinated gramme. The students also exchanged each other, working and collaborating with the goals of the programme and pre­ information on the general framework each other,” explained CSSB Scientific sented their latest research as well as and research conditions at the various ­Director Matthias Wilmanns in his welcome new ideas and projects. centres, identified problems and dis­ speech. “We are happy to support and to strengthen interdisciplinary research in the The talks on accelerator and detector cussed possible improvements. The new Centre for Structural Systems Biology here in Hamburg. With its interdisciplinary focus, the symposium helps to broaden ­research and to come up with new ideas to tackle existing questions,” added Andrea Pauline Martin, Vice-Chairwoman of the Ex­ ecutive Board of the Joachim Herz Stiftung, in her welcome speech.

During the symposium, renowned speakers addressed different facets of systems biology such as the systems biology of apoptosis, the use of omics data to understand inter­ actions between pathogen and host and the biotechnical applications of systems biology. A tour around the DESY campus was also on the agenda. Several group leaders from the European Molecular Biology Lab (EMBL) Participants of the kick-off meeting. Photo: Marta Mayer gave a guided tour to the PETRA III research facilities and explained the beamline tech­ nology and the services available for protein development presented among others feedback was quite good, therefore this preparation and crystallization. by Norbert Holtkamp, US accelerator part of the event will certainly be conti­ centre SLAC, and by Rasmus Ische­ nued in the future. At the end of the symposium, Wilmanns beck, Swiss Paul Scherrer Institute, highlighted the importance of conducting ­interdisciplinary research and the enormous showed clear starting points for linking “Altogether, we are looking back at four potential lying in the combination of ­systems, these two research themes more closely, intense and very interesting days,” infection and structural biology. The sym­ as Behnke pointed out. A hot topic was Behnke summarized. “This meeting posium has paved the way for the establish­ also the proposal offered by DESY contributed to better define the goals of ment of an international and interdisciplinary ­accelerator physicist Ralph Aßmann to this new programme, to better get to cooperation in this field. “We are truly looking develop a common infrastructure for the know each other and to make a major forward to hosting our next symposium in 2017 in the lecture hall of the new CSSB investigation of future accelerator step for ‘Matter and Technologies’ to building,” said Wilmanns. ­technologies. Parallel to the meeting, this develop from an idea to an operating idea was reviewed by an international programme.” (tz) commission chaired by Alan Caldwell, Max Planck Institute for Physics in ­Munich. Finally, DESY scientist Henry Chapman presented the technological INFO challenges which will arise with the http://www.helmholtz.de/en/research/ ­experiments at the X-ray laser, Euro­ matter/matter_and_technologies/ pean XFEL making it evident that the

6 Multi-faceted cutting edge research Designated Helmholtz President Otmar Wiestler was impressed of DESY

By Carolin Hahn agenda included visits to the Otmar Wiestler, the designated European XFEL construction President of the Helmholtz site, to PETRA III, FLASH and Association, (at right, talking CFEL. with DESY Director Helmut Dosch), has not yet taken up One highlight in the late office, nevertheless he is al­ ­afternoon was a round of ready very interested in the talks with young researchers, themes which await him in which once again illustrated his new role. Wiestler, who the versatility of the centre originally studied medicine and its staff members. The and is currently an active interest of the future Helmholtz board member of the German President in the perspectives Cancer Research Centre in and ideas of the younger ge­ Heidelberg, visited DESY in neration was manifested­ once ­April, with his companions again later, at the reception from Heidelberg and Berlin, in the CFEL foyer. Long after he could experience the centre the official close of this event, in all its facets. The visitors he was still involved in con­ were not only impressed by versations with PhD students the ­research but also by the liveliness Apart from discussions with the directo­ and postdocs. Photo: Marta Mayer and dynamics of the centre. rate and leading scientists, Wiestler’s

Research cooperation with Turkey DESY and European XFEL present themselves at Turkish universities

In the beginning of May, a use to strengthen their science roadshow organised ­engagement in ­scientific by DESY and European XFEL ­collaboration with Turkish around the X-ray sources ­institutes. FLASH, PETRA III and Euro­ pean XFEL took place at Tur­ A German-Turkish workshop kish universities. In the on accelerator-based photon course of one week, German sources will follow in autumn. and Turkish scientists of both A special “Science Day” will centres presented their also be organised for the ­research and cooperation people of Turkish origin living possibilities at four universities in Hamburg which mainly in Istanbul and Ankara. addresses Turkish pupils from the metropolitan region. Altogether some 400 students and scientists visited the Already on 8 April, the ­exhibition, lectures and a Presentations at the University of Istanbul. Photo: Frank Poppe ­Turkish ambassador Hüseyin ­public colloquium with DESY Avni Karslıoğlu and the consul­ Director Helmut Dosch and general of the Republic of the scientific director of Turkey Mehmet Fatih Ak, ­European XFEL, Sergei Mo­ ­domiciled in Hamburg, visited lodtsov. The roadshow was part of the ­Ministry for Education and Research DESY and European XFEL. Both confir­ German-­Turkish Year of Science and the Turkish Science Ministry, which med their full support­ for the various ­proclaimed by the German Federal both research institutes would like to ­activities of both centres. (tz)

7 Business and biodiversity A project for more sustainability at DESY

A lot of construction is going on at DESY. near-natural planning which may be “The natural development of our green New experimental halls, new buildings ­implemented with relatively little effort. areas is an important component in a very for institutions and collaborations make The great success of the DESY kestrel broadly conceived initiative,” said DESY for a promising development on the webcam or the engagement of beekeeper sustainability officer Andreas Hoppe. campus and reinforce DESY’s inter­ Elena Chmielewski with her bee colonies “Currently, we are dealing with energy Charlock grows on building sand and wasteland at DESY. It produces plenty of seeds national reputation in top-class research. on the DESY campus already show that management, the use of waste heat and spreads very quickly. However, new buildings always come more nature is not only good for bio­ originating from helium processing and an with a lot of concrete and land sealing, diversity but also offers a great deal to efficient cooling for the new computing yet there are fascinating perspectives DESY staff members. centre.” All these measures are saving for the remaining green areas on the resources and are also financially sup­ DESY ground. In particular, several hillside areas, mead­ ported. “As a research centre which is ows and grass verges on the campus engaged in issues concerning the future Green areas can differ very much – think may be designed and developed naturally of humanity, DESY took up the cause of for example of monotonous lawns, without great effort. A rough-and-ready sustainability,” DESY Director of Ad­ ­species-poor zones with exotic shrubs rule is to plant native trees and shrubs, minis­tration Christian Scherf points out. or industrially grown roses as decorative to carry out a minimum of maintenance “In many respects, science can become plants. The „UnternehmensNatur“ (good for nature and cost-saving), create the precursor of the culture of sustainabil­ ­(business and biodiversity) project, wildflower meadows, design near-natural ity, and we would like to contribute.” (uw) lauched by the Nature and Biodiversity waters and install nesting boxes for birds. Conservation Union (NABU) in 2014 With expert advice, simple measures ­together with the Hamburg Chamber of ­already lead to visible success. Even Join in! Commerce and the Hamburg Authority grass verges can become optical and Help to develop more for Urban Development and the Environ­ ecological highlights with native flowers nature at DESY. Shadowy road shoulders provide space for ferns and mosses. ment (BSU), shows that there are alter­ blooming in spring – and provide some Infos: [email protected] natives though. This project presents education as well, since this offers the The small-flowered cranesbill cuts its way through the companies with ways to create valuable possibility to get to know typical spring cobblestone holes. and biodiverse habitats through near- flowers: white windflowers, bright yellow natural design and maintenance of their buttercups and the delicate violet blos­ premises, thus setting a visible example soms of liverwort. of responsible and sustainable action. This can be done by reducing the main­ Those who believe this to be irrelevant tenance of the green areas, minimising underestimate the serious problem of land sealing, using native plants and loss of species and biodiversity in Ham­ trees, planting greenery on roofs and fa­ burg. Many animals and plants live in cades, creating ponds or generating our direct neighbourhood, including rare room for birds or bats. and endangered species. They all benefit from close-to-nature and interconnected “By creating an appropriate environment green areas in the city. Due to the volun­ for animals and plants, a very distinct and tary engagement of enterprises, it is specific kind of nature can develop within possible to create ecologically valuable Buttercups and moss conquered these abandoned benches at DESY. a short time. For this aim, we provide in­ environments which at the same time are formation to enterprises on possible attractive recreation areas for employees measures and we support their imple­ and a model of sustainable development. mentation,” said Alexander Porschke, Particularly because construction is not chairman of NABU Hamburg. DESY has only going on at DESY but also through­ now joined this project and, after a com­ out the whole region of Hamburg, a re­ prehensive inspection of the campus by sponsible handling of the remaining Poppies do not only grow at the border of fields but also on wasteland, dumps and gravel yards. a NABU expert, obtained a concept for green areas is even more important. At DESY, among other sites, it embellishes the containers behind building 7. Photos: tim NEWS Nano, Laser, Molecular dynamics Car pooling at DESY EU promotes networking Every day, up to 1800 DESY staff members drive to DESY. They often get stuck in traffic A new EU project with DESY participation a comprehensive management of resourc­ jams or have to search for free parking space. There are many good reasons to use the is aimed at advancing the concentration es and bundling of competences. DESY car pooling market, with the opportunity of nano research in Europe. NFFA to meet other people from other departments, ­Europe (where NFFA stands for “nano­ The EU project MEDEA (Molecular Elec­ save fuel and money, reduce stress and do science foundries and fine analysis”) will tron Dynamics investigated by IntensE something good for the environment. further improve networking of important Fields and Attosecond Pulse) deals with

This initiative provides the opportunity to offer European nano materials research the interaction of atoms and molecules single or regular rides. Meeting points, fares ­facilities with the numerous user groups with light, taking place on the atto­ and other agreements are to be agreed upon in nano reseach and technology. Apart second time scale (one attosecond is individually by driver and passenger: from DESY, 19 partners from ten Euro­ the billionth of a billionth of a second). http://mitfahrgelegenheit.desy.de (in German) pean countries are participating. The Such ultrafast processes with the partici­ goal is to strengthen multidisciplinary pation of many electrons offer new insights research with the utilisation of research into molecular reactions, for ­example infrastructures at the nano scale, including the breaking of bonds in complex mole­ the synthesis of nanomaterials, nano cules, and make them relevant for tech­ Research Course 2015 characterisation (e.g. in the NanoLab at nological applications. Therefore, apart At the end of March, the 14th DESY research DESY) and the theory and numeric from twelve research institutes including course on X-ray sciences took place in ­simulation with high-performance DESY, eight partners from industry also Hamburg, focusing on new trends in X-ray ­computers. This, for example, helps to joined this project. scattering and spectroscopy from magnetic materials. This three-day course series, bring more industrial products to market ­established in 2001 and giving insight into maturity. current trends in the field of X-ray physics, particularly addresses master and PhD ­students. This year, more than 120 participants attended a total of 14 talks held by national and international speakers. The participants also had the opportunity to present their own research findings at a poster exhibition. At the closing event – a course dinner with a dinner talk of Robert Blick featuring nano­ science in Hamburg – Oles Sendetskyi (PSI), Scanning electron microscopy image of Christian Weier (FZ Jülich) and Martin Bluscke (MPI Stuttgart) won the first ever Research a DESY logo made of platinum, inscribed Course Poster Prize. on a silicon surface with a fine electron beam. This technique is used in the DESY NanoLab to label individual nano objects which are then investigated in the PETRA III X-ray beam. Photo: Thomas Keller

SEI meeting in Zeuthen Once a year, developers of electronics, data acquisition and process control meet at one DESY and the European XFEL GmbH To better connect the European and of the Helmholtz centres. This years’ SEI participate in the EU project EUCALL Russian research institutions in the field meeting of the study group for electronic (European Cluster of Advanced Laser of large-scale facilities for science is ­instrumentation at Helmholtz centres took Light Sources), together with eight the target of the collaborative project place in March at DESY in Zeuthen. The main focus of this event is always the ­European partners. It is focused on CREMLIN (Connecting Russian and ­exchange of current activities. Apart from state-of-the-art optical lasers and ­European Measures for Large-scale talks covering the fields of concept develop­ ­accelerator-based X-ray sources, as ­Research Infrastructures). Altogether 13 ment, implementation of circuits, program­ well as on the corresponding techno­ European and 6 Russian large-scale ming and engineering practice, the almost logies, scientific applications and user ­research facilities are associated in this 80 participants of research centres and ­universities had the opportunity to discuss communities which in the future will project. While Russia participates in with firms during an exhibition of research- ­cooperate more closely and exploit ­European research facilities such as the relevant products: http://sei.desy.de ­synergy potentials. EUCALL will also in­ European XFEL, FAIR, ESRF or in the clude the establishment of a widespread LHC experiments, CREMLIN on the consortium of all optical and X-ray laser ­other hand will help European scientists light sources in Europe. Apart from to participate in new Russian large- technological challenges, it also involves scale projects. (uw)

10 Considerable back-up in particle physics DESY welcomes three leading scientists within the framework of the Helmholtz Recruitment Initiative

Since the beginning of the year DESY Christophe Grojean also joined the has three new leading scientists for DESY theory group in January, also ­particle physics. Within the framework ­coming from Barcelona. Grojean started of the Helmholtz Recruitment Initiative, his research work in theoretical high some of them were appointed together energy physics at CEA Saclay and got with the University of Hamburg. Within his PhD from Orsay University in 1999. this recruitment initiative that aims at After two years at the University of persuading excellent scientists to work ­California in Berkeley he returned to at Helmholtz research centres while at ­Saclay, followed by a visiting professor­ the same time improving networking with ship at the University of Michigan in Ann universities, DESY proposed candidates Arbor and a seven-year employment at for leading positions which were then CERN theory. In the fall of 2012, he selected by Helmholtz committees in an ­joined the Institut de Física d’Altes interdisciplinary procedure. ­Energies at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona as an ICREA Research Elisabetta Gallo was appointed together ­Professor. Christophe has worked on with the University of Hamburg. She various topics in particle physics ­joined the CMS group at DESY. The ex­ ­beyond the Standard Model. A few perimental physicist had coordinated ­years ago he specialised in the physics particle physics at the Istituto Nazionale and the dynamics of the Higgs boson di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and taught at Geraldine Servant and its possible various incarnations,­ the University of Florence. With her which fit into the several theories ­research focused on Higgs physics, she continued work she started in 2008 at the LHC at CERN in Geneva, building a bridge to research with the planned ­International Linear Collider ILC. Geraldine Servant joined the DESY ­theory group, also appointed together Elisabetta Gallo graduated at the Uni­ with University of Hamburg. She comes versity of Florence and did research at from Barcelona where she has been Imperial College (London). From 1992 to ­Research Professor at ICREA (Catalan 2007, she had worked as a scientist at Institution for Research and Advanced the ZEUS experiment at DESY; from Studies) since 2013. Geraldine Servant 2006 to 2007, she was spokesperson of got her PhD in 2001 from University the ZEUS collaboration. ­Paris 11 for theoretical research con­ ducted at CEA Saclay and McGill ­University in Montreal. After postdoc ­years at the University of Chicago she returned to CEA Saclay and eventually moved to CERN's theory group in 2006, first as a fellow and then on a five-year contract with an ERC grant. Her major Christophe Grojean direction of research is on the particle cosmology interplay, in particular on dark matter and the origin of the matter- ­behind, respectively. In his new position antimatter asymmetry of the universe. he is working in close contact with She has worked on models of new ­experimentalists to establish the profile ­physics at the TeV scale and their of this new particle. He is also involved­ ­collider phenomenology and is eagerly in various working groups to define the awaiting the avalanche of new data physics case of the next colliders­ after ­coming not only from the LHC but also the LHC. (tz) from Dark Matter direct searches at un­ ­der- ground laboratories, indirect searches Elisabetta Gallo at cosmic ray telescopes, as well as from large-scale structures simulations.

11 PETRA III starts up again New experimental possibilities with brilliant X-ray light

Photo: Dominik Reipka

In April, after a shutdown of about one tunnel was torn down. In these areas, metres and with laboratory space of 640 year, the X-ray light source PETRA III PETRA III was rebuilt with new compo­ square metres to prepare the samples started operation again with 14 existing nents to provide room for nine additional for the measurements. The buildings experimental stations. During the shut­ undulators supplying X-ray light for the have already been completed. Since down, two additional experimental halls new experimental stations. Another May, the first two measuring huts are were built which will now be gradually measuring station in the north extension being erected in the north extension equipped with beamlines. In total, up to will get light from the already existing which receive X-ray light for tests in eleven of them will be possible if the 40-metre-long damping wiggler which is ­autumn. It will then also be possible to necessary funding is provided. actually used to improve the beam submit the first beamtime applications, ­quality. One experimental station for and first experiments at the two first The new PETRA III beamlines will be ­experiments on luminescence will be beamlines will begin in spring 2016. For used to continue important and success­ placed in a small measuring hut at the the establishment and operation of three ful measurement techniques, for example PETRA III ring between the Kai Siegbahn beamlines, there is an international X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and to and the Max von Laue hall, and fed with ­cooperation with India, Sweden and create new experimental possibilities the ultraviolet light of a deflecting mag­ Russia. “We have an ambitious schedule which exploit the extremely brilliant light net. The experiments at the PETRA III for the construction of the PETRA III of PETRA III. During shutdown, the extensions will mainly investigate the ­extensions,” said Wolfgang Drube, PETRA III storage ring tunnel was properties of new materials. ­project leader of the PETRA III exten­ ­completely dismantled over a distance sions. “With a little luck due to good of 80 metres for the north and east Both extensions are furnished with ­office weather conditions, the very punctual ­extensions respectively, and the ring space covering a total of 690 square construction handover by the building

12 contractors, and particularly because of the excellent collaboration between all those involved, we always managed to remain on schedule.”

At the existing 14 beamlines of the Max von Laue hall, the shutdown was used to repair two undulators and to funda­ mentally upgrade and modernise the technical equipment of the experimental huts. When electrons travel through an alternating magnetic field across the ­undulators, they produce X-ray light for the experiments. Some of the undu­ lators lost one to two percent of their magnetic field strength by the interaction of their permanent magnets with a few electrons going astray. Even though this effect is small, it caused a loss of 50 First undulator for the beamline P65 in the PETRA III north extension. Photo: Joachim Spengler percent of the X-ray light and doubled the time of data taking. The magnet structure of one undulator was newly aligned, the magnet structure of a ­second undulator was replaced by a installed. Beamline P02, for example, called pump-probe ­laser to investigate magnetically harder material. will in future have a robot carrying out the behaviour of ­biological membranes an automatic change of samples. on the water ­surface. P10 considerably The optimisation of the technical equip­ Beamline P03 obtained a better beam modernised the rheometer used to ob­ ment during shutdown also included the focussing system. Beamline P05 will in serve sheared fluids. monochromators: These are light filters future allow­ to alternatively use a mono­ which only let through X-ray radiation of cromator or a new double-multilayer “For the start of PETRA III experimental a selectable wavelength. The experiments mirror which, compared to the mono­ operation, all members of the Photon have extremely high requirements regard­ chromator, provides ten times more X- Science and Machine groups worked ing beam quality and stability. During ray light for the experiment. P06 has a together in a very efficient way. We operation in the past years, it turned out new detector. This increases the sensi­ ­finished two or three weeks earlier than that monochromators are vibrating,­ thus tivity for X-ray fluorescence by a factor scheduled and we are glad to offer our producing a “wobbling” X-ray beam. It of over a hundred­ and for example al­ experiments to external users again,” was only a slight wobble, just some lows the detection of the smallest said Oliver Seeck, head of the PETRA III thousands of a millimetre, but still not amounts of trace elements in organic experiments. (hw) acceptable. During shutdown, the reason material. P08 will in future have a so- for these vibrations was systematically­ investigated. Two monochromators have been modified and now the vibrations are damped by a factor­ of two to three. The other devices will be modified within the next two years.

Fast and high-resolution X-ray detectors are essential for experiments at PETRA III. New detectors developed by the DESY detector group headed by Heinz Graaf­ sma have a frame rate of up to 2000 per second and each image can have a size of up to six megabytes. This enormous amount of data is to be ­processed by a newly established network and data storage infrastructure.

At each beamline of the Max von Laue Experimental hall of the PETRA III north extension. In the centre of the photo, there is the concrete hut for the optical hall, additional new equipment has been beamline components. Photo: Wolfgang Drube

13 New impulses DESY Engineering and Innovation Day 2015

By Ralph Döhrmann At the end of April, the fourth DESY who were represented with numerous ­Engineering and Innovation Day took place participants. in Hamburg in the DESY auditorium. Some 120 participants listened to talks In his welcome address DESY Director on issues like EMBL beamline monitoring, Helmut Dosch emphasised the importance quality assurance or beam intensity of this exchange which helps DESY to measurements at free-electron lasers. stay competitive and innovative in the As in the past years, the event also in­ long run. The existing resources can be cluded a poster exhibition during which bundled and used even better when the colleagues from all DESY divisions had networking among the developers is the opportunity to discuss new develop­ close. An intensive exchange between the ments, ongoing projects and their know- DESY groups could generate new impetus how in various fields. leading to bigger success of DESY. The next Engineering and Innovation Day is The Engineering and Innovation Day is already being planned and KITE wel­ organised every year by the KITE initiative comes suggestions. whose members­ are designers, engineers, technicians and developers. It addresses INFO all developers, technicians and engineers http://kite.desy.de/ (in German) at DESY and of the campus partners

EU funding Seven new projects in DESY particle physics

By Natalia Potylitsina-Kube Two of them are located in the theory high-performance detectors for particle The first quarter of this year was an ex­ group in Hamburg: “New avenues to­ physics in order to meet the high stan­ tremely successful one: in the FH division, wards solving the dark matter puzzle” dards which, for example, are required seven new projects received EU funding (NewAve, Kai Schmidt-Hoberg) and for the LHC upgrade. approvals; the funding amounts to nearly ­“Inflation in String Theory – Connecting 7.5 million euros in total. Quantum Gravity with Observations” The IT project “INtegrating Distributed data (STRINGFLATION, Alexander Westphal). Infrastructures for Global explOitation” With “Europe-Japan Accelerator Develop­ The third project “Neutrinos and the origin (INDIGO, Patrick Fuhrmann) will be funded ment Exchange” (E-JADE, Eckhard Elsen) of the cosmic rays” (Walter Winter) is within the framework of the EU working and “Japan and Europe Network for Neu­ located in Zeuthen. With the ERC grants, programme European Research Infra­ trino and Intensity Frontier Ex­perimental groundbreaking research projects will be structures of Horizon 2020. The INDIGO Research” (JENNIFER, Carsten Niebuhr), supported by excellent scientists, and initiative will advance the development two projects will be funded within the the establishment of project workgroups of a new cloud software platform for the framework of the EU programme “Re­ for independent and autonomous research scientific community and it will bring to­ search & Innovation Staff Exchange” activity will be facilitated. gether 26 institutions and large companies (RISE). Both projects will intensify colla­ from 11 European countries. The common boration with Japanese scientists, namely The project “Advanced European Infra­ software platform will be made available in the field of the advancement of acce­ structures for Detectors at Accelerators- free of charge as an open source soft­ lerator technologies and of precision 2020” (AIDA 2020, Felix Sefkow) is an ware to master future challenges in measurements and tests of the lepton- initiative of leading European research both, data processing and storage of flavour structure in the context of the centres and institutes to do research in enormous amounts of data from very standard model of particle physics. the field of new detectors. The project different disciplines. bundles the competences of a total of Another three projects will be funded by 38 partners from 19 countries with the the European Research Council (ERC). aim to promote the development of new

14 Researchers for a day NEWS DESY participates in IceCube Masterclass Flea market for children’s items On Friday, 19 June, this years’ flea market for children’s items takes place in the foyer of the In March, DESY in DESY auditorium in Hamburg. This is the Zeuthen participated opportunity to have fun at selling and buying in the IceCube Master­ used children’s toys, clothes etc. without class for the first time. much effort. Room and tables are provided, It was created by the but we recommend to bring a blanket just in IceCube cooperation case there are not enough tables available. Registration is not required. Sellers may start partners of the Uni­ placing their items as from 12 o’clock. versity of Wisconsin- This action is aimed at all people working on Madison last year the DESY campus. For further questions, based on the model please contact the equal-opportunity office: of the IPPOG Master­ [email protected] or DESY extension -1831 classes. A total of ten research institutions in Europe and the Uni­ Two DESY scientists attend the Lindau ted States opened their Pupils evaluating IceCube data. Photos: DESY Nobel Laureate Meeting doors for this pro­ The DESY scientists Antonia Karamatskou gramme. School stu­ and Charlotte Palmer will go to this year’s dents were invited to learn about current The main purpose to build this detector Nobel Laureate Meeting in Lindau. In a multi- astroparticle research. On the day, 20 pu­ however was the search for ultra-high step procedure, both were chosen from pils of 9th grade were guests on the energetic neutrinos which may help to some several hundred applicants to attend the Nobel Laureate Meeting. DESY campus in Zeuthen. understand the sources and properties of Antonia Karamatskou cosmic radiation. More than five is a PhD student under IceCube is a neutrino detector melted thousand sensors, the so-called digital Robin Santra of DESY into the ice of Antarctica. It has a volume optical modules (DOMs) deployed under­ and the Institute of of one cubic kilometre and is the largest neath the ice surface, register neutrino Theoretical Physics of the University of Ham­ particle detector worldwide. A team of signals. These particles come from outer burg. The young re­ hundreds of scientists made this project space and originate from places which searcher works at the come true, together with engineers, are also the sources of cosmic radiation. Center for Free-­ drillmasters, IT experts and many other Cosmic radiation mainly consists of ultra- Electron Laser Science (CFEL) and belongs technicians. DESY ranks as second high energy protons and heavy atomic to the collaborative research centre (SFB) partner after the University of Wiscon­ nuclei. Since its discovery in 1912, the 925 “Light induced dynamics and control of correlated quantum systems”. She works as sin-Madison in this ­cooperation. Ice exact origin remains largely mysterious. a scientist in the field of interaction of atoms Cube is a multipurpose detector which with intense light. allows scientists to focus on various At the IceCube Masterclass, the pupils Charlotte Palmer is a open questions of modern physics, in­ were given the opportunity to analyse postdoc in the Plasma- vestigating for example the nature of real IceCube data – neutrino signals Wakefield Accelerators group (PWA) of Jens dark matter and neutrino oscillations. which deliver information about extreme Osterhoff at DESY. objects, e.g. black holes or gamma ray With the support of bursts. In the course of the day, the the Helmholtz Post­ young people had the chance to discuss doc Programme, she with scientists of the Zeuthen IceCube is head of the “Con­ group and to communicate via live trolled Generation and Advanced Diagnosis of Ultra-Short Plasma-Accelerated Electron broadcasting with scientists working at Bunches”. The PWA group investigates the the South Pole and at other institutes. plasma-wakefield acceleration, a new tech­ nology for particle accelerators. For all participants, it was a successful start and bodes well for the attendance The Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting, held from 26 June to 3 July, brings together scientists of the IceCube Masterclass in the co­ from all over the world to meet Nobel Prize ming years. (ub) winners. This meeting already takes place for the 65th time, it was started in 1951 as a European initiative for reconciliation after the Second World War. The topics are the ­scientific Nobel disciplines chemistry, ­medicine and physics.

15 Protein fireworks activate Parkinson’s Dementia, such as Parkinson’s or Alz­ heimer’s disease, can be induced by ­protein deposits in the brain which damage the nerve cells. One of the features of Parkinson’s disease is that the protein alpha-synuclein clumps and forms long fibres which spread out in all directions. “Although these structures are being studied intensively, we still do not know all the details about the exact processes of their formation,” said Dieter Willbold from Forschungszentrum Jülich. Together with his colleagues and scientists from the University of Düsseldorf, he managed to observe under the microscope how these harmful protein fibres grow. Over a period of more than 40 hours and by using a fluorescence microscope, the scientists took snapshots of the fibres at Photo: Kim Susan Petersen regular intervals which, due to a special pigment, glow brightly. In this process, the scientists made the observation that Chocolate marshmallows & there is no continuous formation of the fibre structure but that there are regular particle detectives breaks. However, the reason for this stop-and-go pattern is still not under­ DESY kids do research at the school-lab stood. “This information might neverthe­ less be essential in the search for effective By Bettina Aßmann treatments – there are still no causal The children of DESY staff spent two believe at all that they are so strongly treatment possibilities for Parkinson’s mornings at the „physik.begreifen“ pressed together only by air… disease,” said Willbold. Scientists already observed a similar phenomenon at other school-lab in Hamburg to do ex­ On the second day, the older children of fibre-forming proteins – for example periments and research. It was a holiday ages from six to ten years came to DESY. ­amyloid beta: its fibre bundles are event created and supported by the Under the slogan “particle detectives”, thought to cause Alzheimer’s disease. equal opportunities office. they had the opportunity to spy out the On the first day, the DESY school-lab world of particles. At the beginning of welcomed the very small ones between the event, a young participant surprised www.helmholtz.de/perspektiven the ages of four and six years. At first, us with her knowledge of the fact that they were all eyes and quite shy when there are small particles named quarks. they were sitting remarkably quietly in Unfortunately they did not explore quarks the seminar room observing our gummy but larger pre-prepared “particles” that bears in the cup. Afterwards, in the lab, had to be destroyed first to see the they developed many ideas on what to smaller particles inside. With a lot of tricks Imprint do with air. Air is not visible but one can and tools, these components were then Publisher DESY-PR feel it and use it to make noises. The separated. The results were depicted Notkestraße 85 children were asked to drag an umbrella and written down into a lab notebook. D-22607 Hamburg behind them to feel the air resistance. Afterwards, one participant took us to Contact email: [email protected] After a break, they eagerly followed the the ARGUS detector which already had telephone +49/40/8998-3613 www.desy.de/inform experiments with a bell and a balloon in been shown to her by her daddy a (online version + newsletter subscription) the vacuum. Of course, they also enjoyed couple of times before. There, the youth Editors the highlight – the chocolate marshmallow researchers built their own small detector Melissa Prass Till Mundzeck (editor-in-chief) in the vacuum. The research results and tried to “read” tracks. The event Barbara Warmbein Heiner Westermann were depicted into a lab notebook and concluded with the presentation of the Ute Wilhelmsen an air diploma was awarded at the end. particle diploma. At the end, all partici­ Thomas Zoufal A very small participant asked if we had pants agreed:­ “The place where mom Production Britta Liebaug (layout) glued together the hemispheres (i.e. the and dad work is really great!” Veronika Werschner (translation) Magdeburg hemispheres). She could not Kopierzentrale DESY (print)