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LVV Standard 195-00 – Suspension Systems

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LVV Standard 195-00 – Suspension Systems LVVTA Low Volume Vehicle Standard 195-00(02) (Suspension Systems) Page 1 of 24 Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association Incorporated Low Volume Vehicle Standard 195-00(02) (Suspension Systems) This Low Volume Vehicle Standard corresponds with: Land Transport Rules Steering Systems 2001 (Rule 32003/1) and Light Vehicle Brakes 2002 (Rule 32014) 2nd Amendment – effective from: 25 October 2016 Signed in accordance with clause 1.5 of the Low Volume Vehicle Code, on…………………………………………………by: on behalf of the New Zealand Transport Agency: on behalf on the Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association(Inc): …………………………………………………………………….……………………………… ……………………….…………………………………………………………………… LVV Standard 195-00 Amendment Record: No: Detail of amendments: Version: Issue date: Effect date: 1 Initial issue – original version 195-00(00) 1 December 2000 1 December 2000 2 1st Amendment 195-00(01) 1 August 2016 1 August 2016 3 2nd Amendment 195-00(02) 25 October 2016 25 October 2016 4 5 Note that highlighted text shows amendments that have been made subsequent to the document’s previous issue, and a grey vertical stroke to the left of the text denotes information that is of a technical (rather than a formatting) nature. © Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association (Inc.) October 2016 LVVTA Low Volume Vehicle Standard 195-00(02) (Suspension Systems) Page 2 of 24 Overview Background The Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association Incorporated (LVVTA) represents ten specialist automotive groups who are dedicated to ensuring that vehicles, when scratch-built or modified, meet the highest practicable safety standards. The information in these standards has stemmed from work undertaken by LVVTA founding member organisations that commenced prior to 1990 and has been progressively developed as an integral part of NZ Government safety rules and regulations by agreement and in consultation with the New Zealand Transport Agency. As a result, the considerable experience in applied safety engineering built up by LVVTA and the specialist automotive groups over the past twenty years can be of benefit to members of the NZ public who also wish to build or modify light motor vehicles. Availability of low volume vehicle standards Low volume vehicle standards are developed by the LVVTA, in consultation with the New Zealand Transport Agency, and are printed and distributed by the LVVTA. The standards are available to the public free of charge from the LVVTA website; www.lvvta.org.nz Further information on the availability of the low volume vehicle standards may be obtained by contacting the LVVTA at [email protected]. Copyright The content of this document remains the property of the Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association (Inc.), and no part of it may be reproduced without the prior written consent of the copyright holder. Associated information Other associated information relevant to the subject matter contained in this low volume vehicle standard, which in the interest of comprehensiveness, should be read in conjunction with this standard, includes: Document Page #/Section/Chapter LVVTA News June-September 2013 Issue 47 Page 2 Aftermarket Cast I-beam Axle Update LVVTA News June-September 2013 Issue 47 Page 3 Bump-steer Bum-steer LVVTA News June-September 2013 Issue 47 Page 4 Chinese Bearings in American Stub Axles LVVTA News June-September 2013 Issue 47 Page 6 Aftermarket Mustang II-based Custom IFS ‘Dog-bone’ Mounting System LVVTA News June-September 2013 Issue 47 Page 7 ‘Heidts’-brand Suspension Arm Issue LVVTA News June-September 2013 Issue 47 Page 9 Update of LVVTA-recognised IFS Manufacturers LVVTA News October-December 2013 Issue 48 Page 1-4 Raising the Hard Questions (raised vehicles) LVVTA News October-December 2013 Issue 48 Page 9 Faulty Threads on Aftermarket Suspension Arms © Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association (Inc.) October 2016 LVVTA Low Volume Vehicle Standard 195-00(02) (Suspension Systems) Page 3 of 24 LVVTA News October-December 2013 Issue 48 Page 11 Inspecting Modified Vehicles with ‘Airbag’ and ‘Hydraulic’ Suspension Systems LVVTA News January-July 2014 Issue 49 Page 12 Lowered Suspension LVV Inspection Basics LVVTA News August-December 2014 Issue 50 Page 2 Suspension ‘Johnny Joints’ LVVTA News August-December 2014 Issue 50 Page 4 Check for Drilling of I-beam Axles LVVTA News August-December 2014 Issue 50 Page 8 Custom Suspension Arms Info-sheet # 01-2012 Reminder LVVTA News May-July 2015 Issue 52 Page 6 Lock Washers on Adjustable Camber Plates LVVTA News May-July 2015 Issue 52 Page 6 Dome-style Rubber Cushions as Bump-stops LVVTA News May-July 2015 Issue 52 Page 9 Recognised IFS Manufacturers (covers IRS & welded brake calipers) LVVTA News May-July 2015 Issue 52 Page 9 Custom Bushed Rod Ends LVV Information Sheet # 05-2004 Upper Suspension Ball-joints in Early Ford Falcons and Fairlanes LVV Information Sheet # 05-2008 Air Cylinder Suspension Systems LVV Information Sheet # 08-2008 I-beam Axles and Split Radius Rods LVV Information Sheet # 02-2009 Spring and Hub-carrier Adjustable Suspension LVV Information Sheet # 04-2010 Bump-steer Measurement Background Information LVV Information Sheet # 05-2010 Bump-steer Swing-check Procedure LVV Information Sheet # 05-2011 Rear Suspension Radius Rod Geometry LVV Information Sheet # 08-2011 Jaguar Independent Rear Suspension Installation Guide LVV Information Sheet # 01-2012 Custom Suspension Arm Inspection and Approval LVV Information Sheet # 04-2012 Suspension Camber Angle Guide LVV Information Sheet # 05-2012 Welded Forged Aftermarket Suspension Struts LVV Information Sheet # 06-2012 ‘Magnum’-brand I-beam Axle Safety Warning NZ Car Construction Manual Chapter 6 Suspension Systems NZ Car Construction Manual Chapter 7 Steering Systems Note that all documents referred to in this table, with the exception of the NZ Car Construction Manual, can be accessed from www.lvvta.org.nz free of charge. For information on obtaining the NZ Car Construction Manual, contact [email protected] Note also that paper copies of documents can become out of date and as such should not be relied upon, therefore LVVTA advises users of this standard to check to ensure that the Associated Information listed here is current, by going to www.lvvta.org.nz/standards.html © Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association (Inc.) October 2016 LVVTA Low Volume Vehicle Standard 195-00(02) (Suspension Systems) Page 4 of 24 Contents Purpose of this standard Page 6 Section 1 Scope and application of this standard 6 1.1 Scope of this standard 6 1.2 Application of this standard 6 Section 2 Technical requirements of this standard 7 2.1 General safety requirements 7 2.2 Technical requirements for suspension systems 7 . Suspension travel 8 . Bump-stops 9 . Geometry 9 . Shock absorbers 10 . Springs (including coil and leaf) 10 . Coil springs (including heavy-duty and height changing) 11 . Coil spring containment 11 . Coil spring modifications 12 . Leaf springs (including heavy-duty and height changing) 12 . Adjustable height and adjustable geometry suspension 13 . Aftermarket suspension arms 15 . Suspension joints 16 . Stub axles 17 . Other requirements 18 2.3 Road-test requirements for suspension systems 19 . Vehicle operation 19 . Occupant weight simulation 20 . Recording of suspension heights 20 Section 3 Exclusions to this standard 21 3.1 Motorsport vehicle exclusions 21 . Geometry exclusion 21 . Shock absorber setting exclusion 21 Section 4 Vehicles not required to be certified to this 21 standard © Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association (Inc.) October 2016 LVVTA Low Volume Vehicle Standard 195-00(02) (Suspension Systems) Page 5 of 24 4.1 Vehicles not covered by this standard 21 4.2 Vehicles that pre-date legal requirements 21 . Modified production low volume vehicles 21 . Scratch-built low volume vehicles 22 4.3 Modifications that do not require certification 22 Section 5 Terms and definitions within this standard 24 © Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association (Inc.) October 2016 LVVTA Low Volume Vehicle Standard 195-00(02) (Suspension Systems) Page 6 of 24 Suspension Systems (195-00[02]) Purpose of this standard The purpose of this standard is to specify requirements which motor vehicles must meet when safety- related suspension modifications are carried out, in order to ensure that satisfactory handling characteristics are present in all normal driving conditions. Section 1 Scope and application of this standard 1.1 Scope of this standard 1.1(1) This low volume vehicle standard applies to all light vehicles other than those specified in 1.1(2), that are: (a) modified on or after 1 January 1992 in such a way that any suspension systems may, directly or indirectly, be affected; or (b) scratch-built on or after 1 January 1992. 1.1(2) This low volume vehicle standard does not apply to: (a) powered bicycles of Class AB; or (b) light trailers of Class TA or TB; or (c) those vehicles specified in section 4. 1.2 Application of this standard 1.2(1) A light vehicle that is modified or scratch-built as in 1.1(1), becomes a low volume vehicle, and must: (a) be certified in accordance with the procedures specified in chapter 2 of the Low Volume Vehicle Code; and (b) unless section 3 applies, comply with all applicable technical requirements contained in section 2 of this standard. © Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association (Inc.) October 2016 LVVTA Low Volume Vehicle Standard 195-00(02) (Suspension Systems) Page 7 of 24 NOTE: Where a light vehicle is required to be certified to the Low Volume Vehicle Code, but the modification date precedes the date upon which this standard takes effect (1 December 2000), an LVV Certifier must ensure that the vehicle meets the general safety requirements contained in 2.1 of this standard, and should use the applicable technical requirements of section 2 of this standard as a guideline upon which to base his judgements on the safety of the vehicle. Section 2 Technical requirements of this standard 2.1 General safety requirements 2.1(1) A low volume vehicle must: (a) be designed and constructed using materials and components that are fit for their purpose; and (b) be safe to be operated on the road.
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