REPORT POPULATION HEALTH DATA
HealthWest Catchment Brimbank, Hobsons Bay, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham (Data Correct as of September 2012)
www.healthwest.org.au
Population Health Data
Contents Background ...... 4 1. Population Demographics and Social Determinants of Health ...... 7 1.1 Total Population & Estimated Population Change ...... 7 1.2 Age and Gender ...... 8 1.3 Socio-Economic Indexes for Area (SEIFA) ...... 8 1.4 Income levels ...... 16 1.4.1 Household Income ...... 16 1.4.2 Individual income ...... 16 1.5 Household composition ...... 17 1.6 Education…….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………17 1.6.1 Education level attainment ...... 17 1.6.2 School Retention...... 18 1.6.3 Destination of School Leavers ...... 19 1.6.4 Apprenticeship and Vocational Training Enrolments ...... 20 1.7 Early childhood ...... 21 1.7.1 Low Birthweight Babies ...... 21 1.7.2 Preschool participation ...... 21 1.7.3 Children in Low Income Families ...... 21 1.7.4 School Absent Days ...... 22 1.7.5 Child Abuse Substantiations ...... 23 1.7.6 Early Childhood Development ...... 23 1.7.7 Immunisation rates ...... 24 1.7.8 Teenage pregnancies...... 24 1.8 Personal and Community Safety ...... 25 1.8.1 Perceptions of Safety ...... 25 1.8.2 Crime ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………25 1.8.3 Family Violence ...... 26 1.9 Food security …………………………………………………………………………………………………………27 1.10 Gambling …………………………………………………………………………………………………………28 1.10.1 Overall gambling participation ...... 28 1.10.2 Electronic gaming machine (EGM) participation and expenditure ...... 29 1.10.3 Total EGM losses and losses per adult ...... 29 1.10.4 Total number of EGMs and density ...... 30 1.11 Housing …………………………………………………………………………………………………………31 1.11.1 Housing Stress ...... 31 1.11.2 Social housing ...... 32 1.11.3 Public housing waiting list ...... 32 1.11.4 Median Property Values and change ...... 33 1.11.5 Affordable lettings ...... 34 1.11.6 Median rent ...... 35 1.12 Homelessness ...... 36 1.13 Residential Aged Care ...... 36 1.13.1 High Level Aged Care Places ...... 36 1.13.2 Low Level Care Places...... 37 1.13.3 Community Care Places ...... 37 1.14 Water and waste management ...... 38 1.15 Transport………………………………………………………………………………………………………………39 1.15.1 Commuting by place of residence ...... 39 1.15.2 Commuting by place of work ...... 39 1.15.3 Transport limitations ...... 40 1.16 Rich and Vibrant Communities ...... 41 1.17 Indicators of Community Strength ...... 42 1.18 Healthy Literacy ...... 44 1.18.1 Health Literacy Levels ...... 44 1.18.2 Health Literacy and Education ...... 44 1.18.3 Health Literacy and Age ...... 45 1.18.4 Health literacy by migrant characteristics ...... 45 1.18.5 Comparison between literacy domains ...... 46
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Population Health Data 2. Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) communities .... 47 2.1 Country of birth ...... 47 2.2 Languages spoken ...... 48 2.3 Indigenous population ...... 49 2.4 Refugee Settlement ...... 51 2.4.1 Humanitarian Visas ...... 51 2.4.2 Countries of Immigration and settlement in the West ...... 52 3. Workforce ...... 54 3.1 Unemployment rates ...... 54 3.2 Employment…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….54 3.3 Labour force participation ...... 55 3.3.1 Sector participation ...... 55 3.4 Individual income ...... 56 3.5 Location of employment ...... 57 4. Health and Disease ...... 59 4.1 Life Expectancy & Mortality ...... 59 4.1.1 Life Expectancy at Birth ...... 59 4.1.2 Avoidable Deaths ...... 59 4.1.3 Selected avoidable mortality rates ...... 60 4.3 Diabetes ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..61 4.4 Mental Health ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..61 4.4.1 Prevalence of mental and behavioural problems ...... 61 4.4.2 Prevalence of mood (affective) problems ...... 62 4.4.3 Prevalence of high/very high psychological distress ...... 62 4.4.4 Mental health service utilisation ...... 63 4.4.5 Deaths from suicide and self-inflicted injuries ...... 63 4.5 Cancer ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..64 4.5.1 Prevalence of Cancer ...... 64 4.5.2 Incidence of cancer ...... 64 4.6 Violence Against Women ...... 66 4.7 Other Health Conditions ...... 69 4.7.1 Heart Disease ...... 69 4.7.2 Oral Health ...... 69 4.7.3 Eye Health ...... 70 4.7.4 Asthma ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………70 4.9 Selected Notifiable Conditions ...... 71 4.9.1 Blood Borne Diseases ...... 71 4.9.2 Enteric Diseases ...... 71 4.9.3 Sexually Transmissible Infections ...... 72 4.9.4 Vaccine Preventable Diseases ...... 73 4.10 Workplace Accidents ...... 74 4.10.1 Injury claims by industry sector ...... 74 4.10.2 Injury claims by mechanism of injury ...... 75 4.11 Road accidents ...... 76 4.11.1 Fatalities ...... 76 4.11.2 Serious Injuries ...... 77 4.11.3 Avoidable deaths from road traffic accident injuries ...... 77 4.12 Disability …………………………………………………………………………………………………………78 4.13 Self-reported health status ...... 78 4.14 Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions ...... 79 4.15 Health Behaviours...... 82 4.15.1 Smoking ...... 82 4.15.2 Nutrition ...... 83 4.14.3 Alcohol & Other Drugs ...... 85 4.15.4 Physical Activity ...... 88 4.14.5 Obesity ...... 89 4.15.6 Sun protective behaviour ...... 90 4.16 Health Screening and Checks ...... 90 4.16.1 Bowel Cancer Screening ...... 90 4.16.2 Cervical Cancer Screening ...... 91 4.16.3 Breast Cancer Screening ...... 91 4.16.4 Other Health Checks ...... 92 Data Sources ...... 94
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Population Health Data Background
HealthWest Partnership is the alliance of two Primary Care Partnerships (PCPs) which provides member organisations with a strategic link for health planning in the western suburbs of Melbourne. The HealthWest catchment includes the local government areas (LGAs) are Brimbank, Hobsons Bay, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham.
For more information about HealthWest Partnership, visit www.healthwest.org.au
The purpose of this report is to provide a synopsis of population health data and to create an overall picture of the HealthWest catchment. The report will assist in: catchment planning across the continuum of care; planning for PCP program areas; member organisation planning; and other services/sectors’ planning in the region.
Key Findings for the West
The 5 LGAs in the HealthWest catchment have large populations of people, with rapid growth. The LGAs of Wyndham and Melton are experiencing the fastest municipality growth in Australia.
The western local government areas have some of the lowest Socio-Economic Indexes for Area (SEIFA) rankings in Melbourne and Victoria. This is a significant issue as higher levels of disadvantage are associated with poorer health outcomes for communities.
The communities of the west are culturally diverse, and there are a number of new and emerging communities. There are therefore particular health and social issues that need to be considered for these communities including issues relating to access to economic resources, health and community services, trauma and torture, and discrimination.
The above considerations impact on the ability of communities to achieve improved health outcomes; this needs to influences the way services and programs are delivered to ensure they respond to the needs of communities in the west.
Data Considerations
The population data is the most current information that can be accessed and is available. The information is obtained from viable data resources. All data is provided at the LGA level if possible. Data may be provided at the regional level, where LGA data is not available, and as a comparison point. The HealthWest catchment falls into the North and West Metropolitan Region (NWMR). Comparisons with Victorian, NWMR and metropolitan Melbourne are provided, where available. HealthWest Partnership Page 4 of 100
Population Health Data ABS data is collated as ‘Usual Residence Data’. This population is derived from the Census. It is the place where a person usually lives, rather than the place where they were counted on Census night. Each person completing the Census is required to state their address of usual residence and this information is used to derive the Usual Residence population (Australian Bureau of Statistics).
When ‘Usual Residence Data’ can not be accessed, ‘Enumerated Data’ is used and stated within the information.
The enumerated data represents where people were counted on Census Night (8 August 2006), which may not be where they usually live. This population figure generally includes overseas visitors and visitors to the area from within Australia, but excludes Australians overseas (Australian Bureau of Statistics).
Census 2011 data will be released in phases in 2012. Census data has been updated where available. There may still be a handful of 2006 Census data sources which will be updated in future.
Population forecasts have been taken from forecast.id®. forecast.id uses the 2006 Census data as a base for their current population figures and then applies a modelling approach based on local assumptions such as demographic change, policy environment and urban development drivers. This results in population and household statistics until 2021. Local councils in the HealthWest catchment recommended using forecast.id data rather than ABS forecasts or the Department of Planning and Community Development’s Victoria in Future 2008 as it was perceived as a more accurate assessment.
Women’s Health West has produced Women in Melbourne’s West: A data book for program and service planning in health which has a specific focus on females.
More in-depth gambling data can be found in the Problem Gambling: Data to Support Health Promotion Planning, available on the HealthWest website.
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Population Health Data
Population Health Data
Local government areas: Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham
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Population Health Data
1. Population Demographics and Social Determinants of Health
1.1 Total Population & Estimated Population Change
Table A1: Local Government Area Populations: Estimated residential population at 30th June 2006-2010 LGA June 2006 June 2011 (persons) Brimbank 176,003 182,735
Hobsons Bay 84,759 83,863
Maribyrnong 66,183 71,635
Melton 81,414 109,259
Wyndham 116,332 161,575
Community Profiles, ABS 2011, accessed June 2012
Table A2: Forecast population, 2011-2036, by LGA LGA 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036 Brimbank 190,965 197,612 201,726 203,855 206,271 209,547
Hobsons Bay 87,050 90,224 93,718 98,850 100,083 na
Maribyrnong 73,620 83,170 91,706 98,382 104,403 na
Melton 108,839 131,552 163,746 196,012 226,703 na
Wyndham 172,101 223,323 266,899 302,907 334,676 na forecast.id, accessed December 2011
In 2036, the population of the City of Brimbank is forecast to be 209,547, an increase of 33,541 persons (19.06%) from 2006. This represents an average annual growth rate of 0.58%.
In 2031, the population of the City of Hobsons Bay is forecast to be100,083, an increase of 15,324 persons (18.08%) from 2006. This represents an average annual growth rate of 0.67%.
In 2031, the population of the City of Maribyrnong is forecast to be104,403, an increase of 38,221 persons (57.75%) from 2006. This represents an average annual growth rate of 1.84%.
In 2031, the population of the Shire of Melton is forecast to be226,703, an increase of 145,289 persons (178.46%) from 2006. This represents an average annual growth rate of 4.18%.
In 2031, the population of the City of Wyndham is forecast to be 334,676, an increase of 218,346 persons (187.70%) from 2006. This represents an average annual growth rate of 4.32%.
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Population Health Data 1.2 Age and Gender
Table A3 looks at the population profile in terms of age and gender.
Table A3: Age by Gender by LGA. Age Gender Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham (yrs) 0-4 Males 6131 2887 2654 5113 7654 Females 5838 2857 2576 5011 7266 5-14 Male 11632 4902 3414 8646 12041 Females 11197 4557 3224 8228 11360 15-19 Males 6622 2534 1714 3740 5365 Females 6083 2346 1647 3536 5343 20-24 Males 7559 2789 3326 3698 5559 Females 6792 2469 3013 3594 5464 25-34 Males 14880 6188 8056 8987 14443 Females 14079 5998 7381 9771 15359 35-44 Males 12696 6587 6430 9205 13608 Females 13423 6803 6144 9321 13471 45-54 Males 11816 6056 4562 6464 10026 Females 12354 6128 4346 6611 10067 55-64 Males 10212 4463 2979 5023 6793 Females 10455 4610 2922 5150 6797 65-74 Males 6111 2791 1676 2314 3358 Females 6051 3063 1723 2147 3337 75-84 Males 2907 1826 1160 867 1369 Females 3714 2395 1541 1177 1789 85 + Males 777 596 421 208 365 Females 1406 1017 726 449 741 TOTAL Males 91,343 41,619 36,241 54,266 80,581 Females 91,392 42,244 71,635 54,993 80,994 2011 Census of Population and Housing, ABS, 2012
1.3 Socio-Economic Indexes for Area (SEIFA)
The SEIFA Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage is derived from Census variables related to disadvantage, such as low income, low educational attainment, unemployment, and dwellings without motor vehicles. It is a useful tool to compare the disadvantage experienced within geographic areas.
All five of the Local Government Areas in the HealthWest catchment are in the SEIFA top 15 (out of 31) greatest disadvantaged communities, within the Melbourne Statistical Division. Brimbank and Maribyrnong rank 2nd and 3rd respectively. This indicates that there is a larger proportion of low income families, people working unskilled occupations and with minimal training. Hobsons Bay and Melton follow as 9th and 10th respectively and Wyndham ranks as the least disadvantaged LGA within the HealthWest catchment, being ranked 14th (see table A4 below).
The index of disadvantage compared to the state of Victoria takes into consideration all 79 LGAs. Maribyrnong was ranked 2nd (915.4), Brimbank 3rd (918.6), Hobson’s bay 18th (988.7), Melton 31st (997.4) and Wyndham 40th (1007.5) (Measuring Disadvantage across Victoria www.dhs.vic.gov.au).
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Population Health Data
Table A4: SEIFA Index of Disadvantage for the Melbourne Statistical Division. Local Government Areas in the 2006 SEIFA Index of Melbourne Statistical Division Disadvantage (ranked from greatest to least disadvantaged) Greater Dandenong (C) 893.9 Brimbank (C) 930.5 Maribyrnong (C) 948.5 Hume (C) 965.2 Darebin (C) 971.6 Whittlesea (C) 978.4 Moreland (C) 987.1 Frankston (C) 996.5 Hobsons Bay (C) 997.8 Melton (S) 1009.8 Casey (C) 1012.3 Moonee Valley (C) 1015.6 Yarra (C) 1019.5 Wyndham (C) 1021.8 Mornington Peninsula (S) 1026.2 Cardinia (S) 1027.2 Kingston (C) 1030.4 Yarra Ranges (S) 1038.8 Maroondah (C) 1045.9 Banyule (C) 1047.4 Melbourne (C) 1049.2 Knox (C) 1049.6 Monash (C) 1052.9 Whitehorse (C) 1055.2 Port Phillip (C) 1064.6 Glen Eira (C) 1071.2 Manningham (C) 1081.3 Stonnington (C) 1087.7 Bayside (C) 1095.8 Nillumbik (S) 1104.4 Boroondara (C) 1104.5 ABS, 2006
The SEIFA index at the LGA level can be limited in its ability to accurately represent smaller areas of disadvantage within LGAa. SEIFA Index of Socio- Economic Disadvantage is also available at a suburb level. Table A5 shows the suburbs in HealthWest catchment that rank within the top 200 most disadvantaged suburbs in Victoria.
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Population Health Data Table A5: Suburbs in HealthWest catchment that rank in the top 200 most disadvantaged suburbs in Victoria, by SEIFA Index of Disadvantage. Suburb LGA State rank Score
Braybrook Maribyrnong 2 765 St Albans Brimbank 29 846 Sunshine West 39 867 Sunshine North 43 871 Ardeer 52 882 Albion 64 891 Maidstone Maribyrnong 68 892 Laverton Hobsons Bay 69 894 Albanvale Brimbank 76 901 Brooklyn 80 902 Footscray Maribrynong 81 903 Sunshine Brimbank 89 906 Deer Park 90 906 Altona North Hobsons Bay 92 909 Delahey Brimbank 179 940 West Footscray Maribyrnong 180 940
ABS, 2006
The following five figures show graphically the distribution of SEIFA scores across the five LGAs in the HealthWest catchment to highlight suburbs of higher disadvantage.
Previously presented growth data also highlights the limitations in SEIFA scores compiled from 2006 Census data. New suburbs in Wyndham and Melton have been established since 2006 and hence the data presented does not include measures of disadvantage for smaller areas within these LGAs.
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Population Health Data 1.4 Income levels
1.4.1 Household Income
Income levels are the gross amounts (including salary, allowance, benefits from the government and other income) received per week by each person aged 15 years and over within the household. Household gross weekly incomes for the catchment of HealthWest and Victoria are shown below in figure A1.
Maribyrnong has the highest proportion of households that earn less than $400 per week. Brimbank has the highest proportion of household’s that earn $400- $1500 weekly. Of those that earned $1500 and over, Wyndham had the most households, with just over 40% of its residents within this range.
Figure A1: Household income (gross weekly).
2011 Census of Population and Housing, ABS, 2012
1.4.2 Individual income
In June 2009, the Australian Bureau of Statistics calculated estimated average total income figures, see Table A6. These figures do not include Government pensions and allowances. The figures indicate that, compared to the Metropolitan Melbourne and Victorian average, Brimbank, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham had lower average incomes. Within the HealthWest catchment, Hobsons Bay had the highest estimated average total income and Brimbank had the lowest.
Table A6: Estimated average total income (excl. Gov. pensions & allowances), 2009 Brimbank Hobsons Maribrynong Melton Wyndham Metro Victoria Bay Melbourne $40,030 $48,417 $44,809 $41,929 $45,158 $48,810 $46,013
National Regional Profiles, ABS, 2010
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Population Health Data 1.5 Household composition
Household composition relates to the structure of families in 2011, taking into consideration couples, children, single parents and other. Figure A2 below indicates that Melton and Wyndham have the greatest percentage of couple families with children. Maribyrnong had the greatest percentages of couple families without children and other families. Brimbank has the highest proportion of one parent families.
Figure A2: Family Characteristics within the Western Region LGA and Victoria.
2011 Census of Population and Housing, ABS, 2012
1.6 Education
1.6.1 Highest year of school completed
Table A7 shows the data for the highest year of school completed, applicable to persons aged 15 years and over who are no longer attending primary or secondary school. This does not account for highest education attainment within the tertiary and VET sector.
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Population Health Data
Table A7: Highest School Year Completed by Gender by LGA.
Highest Gender Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham school year completed Year 12 or Males 35,054 (50.1%) 16649 (51.4%) 17910 (61.0%) 17564 (45.5%) 29454 (50.8%) equivalent Females 34,964 (49.3%) 17750 (53.0%) 17742 (62.2%) 20686 (52.0%) 32600 (55.0%) Persons 70,018 (49.7%) 34399 (52.0%) 35652 (61.5%) 38250 (48.8%) 62054 (52.9%) Year 11 or Males 8,007 (11.4%) 4194 (13.0%) 2440 (8.3%) 5999 (15.5%) 8218 (14.2%) equivalent Females 7,008 (9.9%) 3822 (11.4%) 2028 (7.1%) 5295 (13.3%) 7906 (13.3%) Persons 15,095 (10.7%) 8016 (12.0%) 4468 (7.7%) 11294 (14.4%) 16124 (13.8%) Year 10 or Males 9,743 (13.9%) 4977 (15.4%) 2772 (9.4%) 7446 (19.3%) 10316 (17.8%) equivalent Females 8,820 (12.4%) 4324 (13.0%) 2268 (7.9%) 6511 (16.4%) 9145 (15.4%) Persons 18,563 (13.2%) 9301 (14.0%) 5040 (8.7%) 13957 (17.8%) 19461 (16.6%) Year 9 or Males 4,207 (6.0%) 2095 (6.5%) 1185 (4.0%) 3120 (8.1%) 4003 (6.9%) equivalent Females 4,192 (5.9%) 2157 (6.4%) 1253 (4.4%) 2732 (6.9%) 3815 (6.3%) Persons 8,399 (6.0%) 4252 (6.5%) 2438 (4.2%) 5852 (7.5%) 7818 (6.7%) Year 8 or Males 7,118 (10.2%) 2527 (7.8%) 1862 (6.3%) 2169 (5.6%) 2984 (5.1%) below Females 9,074 (12.8%) 3194 (9.5%) 2535 (8.9%) 2537 (6.4%) 3624 (6.1%) Persons 16,192 (11.5%) 5721 (8.7%) 4397 (7.6%) 4706 (6.0%) 6608 (5.6%) Did not go Males 1,717 (2.5%) 431 (1.3%) 488 (1.7%) 371 (1.0%) 472 (0.8%) to school Females 2,584 (3.6%) 602 (1.8%) 776 (2.7%) 446 (1.1%) 652 (1.1%) Persons 4,301 (3.1%) 1033 (1.6%) 1264 (2.2%) 817 (1.0%) 1079 (0.9%) Not stated Males 7,451 (10.7%) 2844 (8.8%) 3595 (12.2%) 3671 (9.5%) 5278 (9.1%) Females 7,343 (10.4%) 2876 (8.6%) 2778 (9.7%) 3372 (8.5%) 4426 (7.5%) Persons 14,794 (10.5%) 5720 (8.7%) 6373 (11.0%) 7043 (9.0%) 9704 (8.3%) Total Males 69,958 32,384 29,397 38,599 57,973 persons in Females 70,906 33,487 28,545 39,751 59,286 count Persons 140,864 65,871 57,942 78,350 117,259 2011 Census of Population and Housing, ABS, 2012
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Population Health Data
1.6.2 School Retention
In 2006, compared to Victoria, Wyndham and Melton residents aged 17 years were less likely to still be attending secondary school; and Hobsons Bay, Melton and Wyndham residents aged 17 years were more likely to be not attending any educational institution.
Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton residents aged 17 years were least likely to still be attending secondary school and most likely to be not attending any educational institution.
Compared to Victoria, in 2008, Wyndham, Melton, Hobsons Bay and Brimbank population aged 20 to 24 years were less likely to have a Year 12 or higher educational qualification. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham had the lowest rate, followed by Melton.
Table A9 shows the data related to school retention.
Table A9: School Retention indicators
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian
People aged 17 years still Attending 80.5 79.2 81 72.4 75.5 77.7 78.3 Secondary School (%)
People aged 17 years Not Attending 12.9 13.9 10.4 19.2 17 13 13.4 Any Educational Institution (%)
People aged 20-24 Years with Year 12 83.4 82 88.6 79.7 78.7 87.1 85 of Higher Qualification (%)
ABS, 2006. Source: Community Indicators Victoria, accessed December 2011
1.6.3 Destination of School Leavers
In 2006, compared to Victoria, Wyndham, Melton and Hobsons Bay residents aged 15 to 19 years were less likely to be fully engaged in work or study. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton had the lowest rate, followed by Wyndham. Conversely, Wyndham, Melton, Hobsons Bay and Brimbank population aged 15 to 19 years were more likely to be not engaged at all in work or study, compared to Victoria. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton had the highest rate, followed by Hobsons Bay.
Compared to Victoria, in 2006, Wyndham and Melton had a higher proportion of population aged 15 to 19 years that was working full-time. Within the
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Population Health Data HealthWest catchment, Melton had the highest rate and Maribyrnong had the lowest.
In 2006, compared to Victoria, Maribyrnong and Brimbank had a higher proportion of population aged 15 to 19 years that was studying full-time at a non-school institution. Within the catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rate and Melton had the lowest.
Table A10 shows the data related to destination of school leavers.
Table A10: Destination of School Leavers, 2006
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian People aged 15-19 Years Fully 70.6 67.8 75.4 65.3 67.1 74.1 71.9 Engaged in Work or Study (%) People aged 15-19 Years Not Engaged 18.2 20.4 15.1 20.8 18.8 15.3 15.4 At All in Work or Study (%) People aged 15-19 Years Employed 20.1 23.4 14.8 32.6 29.6 20.6 26.2 Full-Time (%) People aged 15-19 Years Studying 49.1 42.5 59 30.9 35.2 51.7 43.6 Full-Time at a Non-School Institution (%) ABS, 2006. Source: Community Indicators Victoria, accessed December 2011
1.6.4 Apprenticeship and Vocational Training Enrolments
In 2006, compared to Victoria, Wyndham, Melton, Hobsons Bay and Brimbank had a lower rate of population aged 25 to 64 years that were enrolled in vocational education and training. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton had the lowest rate, followed by Hobsons Bay; while Maribyrnong had the highest rate.
Table A11: Apprenticeship and Vocational Training Enrolments, 2006
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian
People Aged 25-64 Years Enrolled in 7.6 7.2 9.2 6.8 7.9 8.1 9 Vocational Education and Training per 100 population (at June 2006) ABS, 2006. Source: Community Indicators Victoria, accessed December 2011
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Population Health Data
1.7 Early childhood
1.7.1 Low Birthweight Babies
Between 2006 and 2008, compared to the Victoria and Metropolitan Melbourne average, all HealthWest catchment LGAs had a higher percentage of births that were low birthweight. Within the catchment, Hobsons Bay had the highest percentage, followed by Melton. Table A12 shows the data on low birthweight babies.
Table A12: Low Birthweight Babies, 2006 – 2008 Low birthweight* All births % low babies birthweight* babies Brimbank (C) 557 8,113 6.9 Hobsons Bay (C) 294 3,938 7.5 Maribyrnong (C) 245 3,614 6.8 Melton (S) 325 4,671 7.0 Wyndham (C) 454 6,810 6.7 Metro Melbourne 10,218 157,829 6.5 Victoria 13,765 209,641 6.6 Social Health Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011 * The data includes babies (both live born and still-born) weighing less than 2500 grams at birth
1.7.2 Preschool participation
In 2009, compared to the Victorian average figure, Brimbank, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham had lower preschool participation rates. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton had the lowest participation rate, followed by Maribyrnong. Table A13 shows the data for preschool participation.
Table A13: Preschool participation, 2009 Children enrolled in 3 year old population Kindergarten first year of at 30 June in previous participation rate kindergarten year (%) Brimbank 2,097 2,319 90.4 Hobsons Bay 989 1,060 93.3 Maribyrnong 760 885 85.9 Melton 1,401 1,652 84.8 Wyndham 1949 2,242 86.9 Victoria 59,740 64,462 92.7 Early Childhood Community Profiles, Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD), 2010
1.7.3 Children in Low Income Families
In 2009, compared to the Victorian and Metropolitan Melbourne average, Brimbank, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham had a higher proportion of families that were welfare-dependent or who were other low income families.
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Population Health Data Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton, closely followed by Brimbank, had the highest proportion of welfare dependent or other low income families. Hobsons Bay had the lowest proportion. Table A14 shows the data on welfare-dependent and low income families with children.
Table A14: Welfare-dependent and other low income families with children009) Welfare- Total families % welfare dependent and dependent and other low income other low income families families Brimbank (C) 6,725 45,138 14.9 Hobsons Bay (C) 1,915 21,882 8.7 Maribyrnong (C) 1,963 15,584 12.6 Melton (S) 3,257 21,293 15.3 Wyndham (C) 4,041 30,290 13.3 Metro Melbourne 80,372 938,486 8.6 Victoria 116,829 1,294,412 9.0 Social Health Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011
1.7.4 School Absent Days
In 2009, compared to the Victorian average figures, Melton and Wyndham had a significantly higher number of average absent days from school in years Prep through to 12. Wyndham had particularly high absenteeism figures for all secondary school years and these were the highest in the HealthWest catchment. Excluding Maribyrnong, the HealthWest catchment LGAs had higher average absent day figures for Prep through to Year 3. Table A15 shows the data on school absent days.
Table A15: Average absent days by year and LGA, 2009
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria Prep 17.2 16.0 14.6 17.5 16.9 14.7 Year 1 16.5 15.7 13.9 16.3 15.7 14.4 Year 2 15.8 15.8 14.2 15.2 15.7 14.0 Year 3 na na na na na na Year 4 na na na na na na Year 5 14.9 14.6 12.8 16.4 16.1 14.0 Year 6 14.2 15.3 12.9 17.3 16.2 14.4 Year 7 14.6 13.6 12.8 18.8 20.5 16.2 Year 8 17.9 18.0 14.6 23.3 26.4 19.8 Year 9 19.8 20.4 16.3 24.6 32.3 22.5 Year 10 18.3 19.2 15.6 22.5 27.7 20.9 Year 11 13.1 13.5 9.8 21.6 23.7 15.8 Year 12 9.3 9.4 8.4 18.5 20.1 13.0 Early Childhood Community Profiles and Adolescent Community Profiles, DEECD, 2010
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Population Health Data
1.7.5 Child Abuse Substantiations
In 2008/09, compared to Victoria, all HealthWest catchment LGAs had a lower rate of child abuse substantiations per 1000 children aged 0 to 8 years, see Table A16. Please refer to the Early Childhood Community Profiles on the DEECD website (www.education.vic.gov.au) for further important details concerning this indicator.
Table A16: Child abuse substantiations by LGA, 2008/09
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria
No. Rate* No. Rate* No. Rate* No. Rate* No. Rate* Rate*
115 5.4 52 5.2 48 6.2 78 5.4 128 6.5 7.0 Early Childhood Community Profiles, DEECD, 2010 * Rate is per 1000 estimated resident population aged 0 to 8 years. Preliminary population figures were used for this calculation.
1.7.6 Early Childhood Development
Community Indicators Victoria collates statistics on early childhood development which are presented in Table A17 by LGA with comparisons to the region and state. The Australian Early Development Index (AEDI) is a national collection of information on young children’s development. Data is collected every three years and the results provide a snapshot of how children are developing.
Table A17: Early childhood development indicators by LGA, 2011
yrnong
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Marib Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian % of children 'On Track' on all five AEDI 47.1 53.5 49.6 56.6 51.7 53.3 55.3 Domains Australian Early Development Index, 2011 % of children 'Developmentally 12.4 11.5 12.6 8.8 13.1 11.5 10.3 Vulnerable' on 2 or more AEDI Domains Australian Early Development Index, 2011 % of children in target age group 41.9 56.2 52.4 58.3 42.6 - 63.1 attending the 3.5 year key age and stage at Maternal and Child Health Centre Maternal and Child Health Annual Report, 2010-11 % of Children Fully Breastfed at 6 28.7 39.8 45.8 16.7 28.6 - 36.9 Months of Age Maternal and Child Health Annual Report 2010-11 Source: Communities Indicators Victoria, accessed 2012
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Population Health Data 1.7.7 Immunisation rates
In March 2012, compared to the Victorian averages, Maribyrnong had a lower percentage of children who had been immunised at any of the three immunisation age stages. Brimbank and Melton had lower immunisation rates for the 12-<15 and 24-<27 months age stages and Hobsons Bay had lower rates for the 12-15 month age stage. Wyndham had a lower rate for children aged the 24-<27 months.
Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the lowest immunisation rate for children aged 12-<15 months and 60-<63 months while Brimbank had the lowest immunisation rate for children aged 24-<27 months.
Table A18 shows data on immunisation rates.
Table A18: Immunisation rates by LGA, 2012 12-<15 Months 24-<27 Months 60-<63 Months % % % Brimbank (C) 91.8 92.2 92.5 Hobsons Bay (C) 91.6 95.1 91.1 Maribyrnong (C) 90.1 93.3 87.3 Melton (S) 91.6 92.9 92.4 Wyndham (C) 93.2 93.2 91.6 NWMR 91.6 93.0 91.3 Victoria 92.1 93.4 91.4 Australian Childhood Immunisation Register - Coverage Report, March 2012
1.7.8 Teenage pregnancies
Between 2004 and 2008, compared to the Victorian average, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham had a higher rate of teenage (15 – 19 years) births. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton had the highest rate, followed by Maribyrnong, while Brimbank had the lowest. Table A19 shows data on teenage pregnancies.
Table A19: Number of women aged 15 to 19 years who had a live birth,
2004-2008
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham
Victoria
No. Rate* No Rate* No. Rate* No. Rate* No Rate* Rate* 54 8.5 26. 10.0 22 13.2 44 14.1 61. 12.9 10.6 Adolescent Community Profiles, DEECD, 2010 * Rate per 1000 women.
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Population Health Data
1.8 Personal and Community Safety
1.8.1 Perceptions of Safety
According to a Community Indicators Victoria survey in 2007, less respondents in Brimbank, Maribyrnong and Wyndham felt safe in all four of the safety measures when compared with the Victorian average. Perceptions of safety were lowest in Brimbank out of the LGAs in the HealthWest catchment. Table A20 shows data on perception of safety.
Table A20: Statistics on perceptions of safety by LGA
Perceptions of Safety
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian
% People Who Feel Safe or Very Safe 91.5 97.1 94.8 96.8 97.3 96.2 97.6 When at Home Alone During the Day
% People Who Feel Safe or Very Safe 82.7 93.6 90.1 92.7 87.1 89.7 91.9 When at Home Alone at Night
% People Who Feel Safe or Very Safe 90.4 97.1 93.4 96.3 94.7 94.6 96.0 Walking Alone in Local Area During the Day
% People Who Feel Safe or Very Safe 47.7 65.3 55.6 63.3 57.2 61.3 66.5 Walking Alone in Local Area at Night
Source: Community Indicators Victoria Survey, 2007
1.8.2 Crime
Three of the five LGAs in the HealthWest catchment had higher than Victorian average recorded offences for crimes against persons and property. Table A21 shows data on recorded offences.
Table A21: Recorded offences by LGA, July 2010- July 2011
Recorded offences
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victoria
Rate* of recorded offences for 1,040 819 1,137 1,065 859 1,044 875 crimes against the person
Rate* of recorded offences for 6,249 4,270 8,353 4,518 5,165 5,921 4,551 crimes against property Victoria Police, accessed January 2011 *per 100,000 population
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Population Health Data 1.8.3 Family Violence
Family violence is a crime overwhelmingly perpetrated against women; approximately 80% of adult victims are female. This statistics has been static over the past decade, and is consistent across a range of data sources that contribute to the Victorian Family Violence Database. The Victorian Family Violence Database holds annual statistics since 1999 on family violence.
According to statewide data, in the majority of family violence cases, the relationship between perpetrator and victim is current spouse/de facto, followed by former spouse/former de facto. The majority of female victims are aged 25- 44 years.
When comparing regions of Victoria, the western metropolitan region has consistently had the second highest number of adults female victims presenting at emergency departments of public hospitals from 2004-2010.
Figure A3 below shows the recorded incidents of family violence at June 2011, for the 2010-2011 period. Rates are per 100,000 population. Brimbank, Melton and Wyndham have recorded incidents above the North West Metropolitan region and Victorian average.
Figure A3: Recorded incidents of family violence by LGA, 2010-11
Source: Victoria Police, accessed January 2012
As part of the Victorian Family Violence Databset, the numbers of human intent injury cases admitted to emergency departments is recorded. Whilst the number of family violence victims who are admitted to hospital ED is very low in comparison to the recorded incidents, the data Table A22 shows the high proportion of females being admitted to emergency departments. In most of the LGAS, approximately a third of the admitted cases 25-34 years of age.
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Population Health Data Table A22: Human intent injury cases admitted to emergency departments by gender, age group, by LGA, 2004-2008 Total % of cases admitted 2004-2008 no. of Male Female <17 18-24 25- 35-44 >45 cases yrs yrs 34yrs yrs yrs
Brimbank 77 23 77 9 17 35 18 21 Hobsons 60 27 73 8 13 35 27 17 Bay Maribyrnong 71 23 77 11 10 32 27 20 Melton 20 30 70 15 15 25 20 25 Wyndham 69 14 86 4 16 42 30 7 Victorian Family Violence Database - Nine Year Report, Department of Justice, accessed January 2012
1.9 Food security
Food security is defined as the state in which all persons can obtain nutritionally adequate, affordable, culturally acceptable, safe food regularly through local non-emergency sources.
Food security was measured as part of the 2008 Victorian Population Health Survey though three questions. Respondents were asked if there had been any times in the previous 12 months when they had run out of food and could not afford to buy more. There was a similar proportion of person in the North and West Metropolitan Region (NWMR) who responded in the affirmative to this question compared with the Victorian average. Females were more likely to respond in the affirmative than males, see Table A23. Table A24 shows the frequency by which respondents who had run out of food had experienced this.
Table A23: Proportion of persons who ran out of food in the previous 12 months and could not afford to buy more, by sex and region, 2008
Region % Males % Females % Persons
NWMR 4.7 6.9 5.8 Victorian 4.5 6.5 5.6 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
Table A24: Proportion of persons who ran out of food in the last 12 months, by frequency and region, 2008 % Once a % Once every % Once a % Less week or two weeks month than once a more month NWMR 10.2 14.1 18 55.5 Victoria 11.4 14.1 18.4 54.1 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
Table A25 shows the proportion of persons who ran out of food and could not afford to buy more. Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham had higher proportions than the Victorian average, with 9.1% of respondents in Maribyrnong responding in the affirmative.
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Population Health Data Table A25: Proportion of persons who ran out of food in the previous 12 months and could not afford to buy more, by LGA, 2008 % Yes Brimbank 4.9 Hobsons Bay 3.5 Maribyrnong 9.1 Melton 6.1 Wyndham 5.9 Victoria 5.6 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
Table A26 shows the reasons why people do not always have the quality or variety of foods they want by LGA and compared with the Victorian average. ‘Some foods are too expensive’ had the greatest response across all LGAs and was higher than the Victorian average (statistical significance in two LGAs).
Table A26: Reasons why people don’t always have the quality or variety of foods they want
I don’t always have the type of food I want because…… Some Can't Can't Can't Inadequate foods are always get always always get and too right get right culturally unreliable expensive quality variety appropriate public food transport Brimbank 42.3 35.5 17.5 11 11.1 Hobsons Bay 30.1 25.5 9.9 8 5.6 Maribyrnong 30.5 29.1 12.4 10.5 12.9 Melton 30.3 28.7 10.1 6.8 9.8 Wyndham 35.6 33.6 12.6 8.3 8.6 NWMR 30.1 27.3 11.5 7.7 8.4 Victoria 28.3 25.5 10.9 6.8 8.0 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008 Red indicates (statistically) significantly higher than Victorian average
1.10 Gambling
1.10.1 Overall gambling participation
In 2003, the Centre for Gambling Research Australian National University prepared the Victorian Longitudinal Community Attitudes Survey. This survey includes participation rates for different forms of gambling by individual Local Government Areas. Overall, among the Victorians surveyed, gambling participation levels were highest among: • Separated or divorced people (84.3%); • Single parents (86.0%); • Full-time workers (80.1%); • Self-supporting retirees (79.2%);
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Population Health Data • People on medium incomes (83.4%); • Rural residents (78.9%).
The survey also found that regular gamblers were more likely to be: male; aged over 50; have lower levels of education; have lower incomes; be receiving aged and invalid pensions or self-supporting retirees.
As shown in Table A27, the survey results indicate that, in 2003 compared to the Metropolitan Melbourne figures, Wyndham had a higher proportion of survey respondents who reported participation in all gambling activities listed below. Melton had a higher participation rate in all gambling activities, except Electronic Gaming Machines (EGMs); while Brimbank had a higher participation rate in all gambling activities except race betting.
Hobsons Bay had a higher participation rate for EGMs, scratch tickets and lotteries; while Maribyrnong had a higher rate for race betting.
Overall, within the HealthWest catchment, Melton residents had the highest gambling participation rate, followed by Wyndham. Hobsons Bay had the lowest rate.
Table A27: Participation rates, major types of gambling, 2002-2003 Any EGMs Race Scratch Lotteries Casino gambling Betting tickets game tables Brimbank 80.4 41.4 21.5 33.8 70.0 15.5 Hobsons Bay 76.0 33.8 23.1 32.3 61.2 6.2 Maribyrnong 80.3 26.2 32.2 27.9 59.5 10.7 Melton 83.1 31.1 31.5 34.8 72.2 5.6 Wyndham 82.0 45.9 31.8 36.8 66.9 13.5 Metropolitan 76.8 32.8 28.3 32.4 60.1 8.6 Melbourne 2003 Victorian Longitudinal Community Attitudes Survey, Department of Justice, 2004
1.10.2 Electronic gaming machine (EGM) participation and expenditure
This section provides a broad overview of gambling across the west. This section covers only data relating to EGMs, as EGMs are the most popular form of gambling. Additionally, at the time of writing, no reliable data was available on losses in other forms of gambling such as lotteries, casino games, horse racing or sports betting.
1.10.3 Total EGM losses and losses per adult
In 2010-11, residents across the HealthWest catchment lost over $382 million on EGMs, up from $368 million in 2009-10. Residents in Brimbank had the highest total losses, with over $139 million lost in 2010-11.
Gambling losses increased in all LGAs in the HealthWest catchment during 2010- 11. Melton Shire experiences the highest increases in losses, with residents losing 9.5% more on EGMs as compared to 2009-10. HealthWest Partnership Page 29 of 100
Population Health Data
Table A28: Total EGM losses across the HealthWest catchment Total expenditure in Total expenditure % Expenditure 2010-11 in 2009-10 change Brimbank $139 385 098 $136 448 330 +2.1% Hobsons Bay $51 364 711 $49 836 821 +2.9% Maribyrnong $56 630 431 $56 179 153 +0.8% Melton $49 346 853 $44 658 490 +9.5% Wyndham $85 988 380 $81 735 012 +4.9% HealthWest $382 715 473 $368 857 806 +3.6% catchment Victorian Commission for Gambling and Liquor Regulation, 2012
Individually, an average of $825 per adult over 18 years of age was lost on EGMs during 2010-11, higher than the metropolitan Melbourne average of $613. Brimbank had the highest average adult loss at $1,004, closely followed by Maribyrnong at $985. Hobsons Bay was the only LGA within HealthWest’s catchment to fall below the metropolitan average, with $608 per adult being lost on EGMs during 2010-11.
Table A29: Average EGM loss per adult over 18 years Average expenditure per adult 2010-11 Brimbank $1,004 Hobsons Bay $747 Maribyrnong $985 Melton $608 Wyndham $730 HealthWest catchment $825 Average metropolitan $613 Melbourne expenditure Victorian Commission for Gambling and Liquor Regulation, 2012
1.10.4 Total number of EGMs and density
Across the HealthWest catchment there is a total of 3,121 EGMs in 53 venues. This is a density of 6.73 EGMs for every 1000 adults. Only Wyndham and Melton fall below the metropolitan Melbourne average of 6.08 EGMs per 1000 adults. Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong have the highest densities with 8.4 and 7.6 EGMs per 1000 adults, respectively.
Table A30: Total number of EGMs and number per 1,000 adults by LGA Total number Total number EGMs per venues with EGMs 1000 adults EGMs Brimbank 15 953 6.8 Hobsons Bay 10 579 8.4 Maribyrnong 10 439 7.6 Melton 7 487 6.0 Wyndham 11 663 5.6 Metropolitan 326 19,446 6.08 Melbourne Total HealthWest 53 3,121 6.73 catchment Victorian Commission for Gambling and Liquor Regulation, 2012 HealthWest Partnership Page 30 of 100
Population Health Data
This density of EGMs is likely to increase in most LGAs during August 2012 as the Victorian government moves create new EGM arrangements. Under the new arrangements, the current gaming machine duopoly held by Tatts Group and Tabcorp will be replaced by a new venue-operator model.
Venue operators will assume responsibility for the ownership and operation of gaming machines. The venue operator must hold a gaming machine entitlement for each machine in operation. Up to 27,500 gaming machine entitlements have been allocated to venue operators via an auction process and pre-auction club offer. Each entitlement authorises venue operators to operate one gaming machine for a period of 10 years from 2012.
Additional EGM entitlements have been purchased in most LGAs in the HealthWest catchment. The most significant increase in entitlements is seen in Wyndham with an additional 264 EGM entitlements being purchased. Although entitlements for EGMs have been purchased, venue operators must need to go through normal application processes to enable new EGMs to operate within their venue.
Table A31: Change in EGM entitlements across the HealthWest catchment Total number Total number of Change in EGM EGMs at EGM entitlements entitlements in 2012 December 2011 in 2012 Brimbank 953 953 No change Hobsons 579 568 -11 Bay Maribyrnong 439 511 +72 Melton 487 513 +26 Wyndham 663 927 +264 Victorian Commission for Gambling and Liquor Regulation, 2012
1.11 Housing
1.11.1 Housing Stress
In 2006, compared to the Victorian average, Melton, Maribyrnong and Wyndham had a higher proportion of households whose housing costs were 30% or more of their household gross income. This figure is a key way to measure housing (mortgage or rental) stress. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton had the highest proportion of households experiencing housing stress, followed by Maribyrnong. Table A32 shows the data for housing costs.
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Population Health Data Table A32: Proportion of households whose housing costs were 30% or more of their household gross income, 2006
Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian Brimbank
19.7 16.7 22.1 24.5 20.8 20.2 17.7
ABS, 2007. Source: Community Indicators Victoria, accessed 2011
1.11.2 Social housing
In 2006, compared to the Victorian and NWMR averages, Wyndham, Melton and Brimbank had a higher proportion of occupied private dwellings that were government-owned rental dwellings, see Table A33.
Table A33: Proportion of occupied private dwellings that were
government-owned rental dwellings, 2006
Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian Brimbank
2.4 3.1 6.8 1.3 1.6 4 3.2
ABS 2007. Source: Community Indicators Victoria, accessed 2012
1.11.3 Public housing waiting list
The Department of Human Services – Office of Housing provides public rental housing to eligible Victorians in housing need. It aims to prioritise people who are in urgent need because of homelessness or other critical circumstances. Applications for public housing are divided into:
early housing, which is for people who are experiencing or at risk of recurring homelessness, people with a disability who have significant support needs, and people with special housing needs; and
wait turn, which is for all eligible people on low incomes.
In December 2011, Sunshine had the highest number of people waiting for public housing in the North and West Metro region, see Table A34.
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Population Health Data Table A34: Number of people on the waiting list for public housing, December 2011 North and West Metro Region - Early Wait Turn Total Waiting List Offices Housing Ascot Vale 332 619 951 Footscray/Flemington 435 885 1,320 Broadmeadows 644 1,753 2,397 Preston 1,114 1,900 3,014 Sunshine 961 2,816 3,777 Fitzroy/Collingwood/Richmond 525 929 1,454 North Melbourne/Carlton 560 925 1,485 Public Housing Waiting and Transfer List, December 2011, Department of Human Services 2012 Note: Figures are estimates only. Figures can vary within a given quarter, depending on the number of people finding or applying for housing. The list may also include people who are in or have recently located suitable accommodation but have not yet notified the Office of Housing.
1.11.4 Median Property Values and change
In 2011, median house prices in Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong were higher than the Victorian and Metropolitan Melbourne median. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest median price and Melton had the lowest.
Between 2006 and 2011, median house prices in all HealthWest catchment LGAs increased by more than the average increase across Victoria and Metropolitan Melbourne. Median house prices increased by the greatest proportion in Brimbank, followed by Maribyrnong.
In 2011, median unit prices in all HealthWest catchment LGAs were lower than the Victorian and Metropolitan Melbourne median. Within the HealthWest catchment, Hobsons Bay had the highest median unit price and Melton had the lowest.
Between 2006 and 2011, median unit prices in Brimbank and Maribyrnong increased by more than the average increase across Victoria and Metropolitan Melbourne. Median unit prices increased by the greatest proportion in Brimbank, followed by Maribyrnong.
Table A35 shows data on median house and unit prices.
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Population Health Data Table A35: Median house and unit prices and change by LGA, 2006 to
2011
politan
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Metro Victoria Melbourne Median House (2011)* 399,000 480,000 553,132 340,000 350,000 460,000 390,000 Price (2006) 240,126 335,000 351,000 255,000 260,000 347,000 300,000 change (06-11)* 66.2% 43.3% 57.6% 33.3% 34.6% 32.6% 30.0% Median Unit (2011)* 330,000 371,000 359,000 248,750 273,300 405,000 380,000 Price (2006) 205,000 285,000 234,000 210,000 214,500 305,000 290,000 change (06-11)* 61.0% 30.2% 53.4% 18.5% 27.4% 32.8% 31.0% A Guide to Property Values, Department of Sustainability and Environment, 2011
1.11.5 Affordable lettings
In the December 2011 quarter, generally speaking, Maribyrnong had the lowest proportion of affordable rental properties within the HealthWest catchment and had a lower proportion of affordable rental properties that were 2 bedroom flats, 2 and 3 bedroom houses compared to the Metropolitan Melbourne and Victorian averages.
Hobsons Bay also had a low proportion of affordable 1 bedroom flats and 2 and 3 bedroom houses; these figures were also lower than the Metropolitan Melbourne and Victorian averages.
Melton and Wyndham had a lower proportion of affordable 1 bedroom flat rentals. Brimbank had a higher proportion of affordable rental properties for all property types listed below, compared to the Metropolitan Melbourne and Victorian averages.
Table A36 shows the data on affordable lettings.
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Population Health Data Table A36: Comparison in the proportion of affordable lettings# by LGA, 2006 to 2011* Flat House 1 bedroom 2 bedroom 2 bedroom 3 bedroom 2006 2011 2006 2011 2006 2011 2006 2011 Brimbank 40.6% 1.9% 74.6% 20.9% 87.3% 30.7% 85.7% 57.0% Hobsons Bay 10.0% 0.0% 28.1% 4.1% 52.6% 12.1% 54.8% 20.8% Maribyrnong 8.3% 1.5% 28.4% 2.3% 36.0% 10.6% 45.8% 16.7% Melton 0.0% 0.0% 68.4% 35.9% 81.1% 49.6% 81.9% 76.3% Wyndham 20.0% 0.0% 72.8% 13.0% 75.4% 52.8% 67.6% 71.9% Metropolitan 2.5% 0.6% 18.8% 3.0% 48.2% 14.3% 50.1% 32.5% Melbourne Victoria 11.0% 4.1% 31.1% 12.7% 58.2% 27.2% 59.7% 38.2%
Rental Report – December 2011 Quarter, Office of Housing, Department of Human Services * based on December quarter figures of that year #The Rental Report states that “The assessment of affordable supply is based on the number of suitably-sized properties that are within 30 per cent of gross income for low income households. The rental thresholds are taken from the household incomes for whom that number of bedrooms is a minimum...” Please refer to the rental reports available at the office of housing website for further information.
1.11.6 Median rent
In the December 2011 quarter, compared to Metropolitan Melbourne averages, median rents were typically lower in the HealthWest catchment LGAs. Of the property types listed below, the only median rent that was higher than the Metropolitan Melbourne average was for a three bedroom house in Maribyrnong.
Within the HealthWest catchment area, Melton had the highest median rent for one bedroom flats, Maribyrnong had the highest median rent for two bedroom flats, Hobsons Bay had the highest median rent for two bedroom houses and Maribyrnong had the highest median rent for three bedroom houses.
Table A37 shows data for median rents.
Table A37: Median rents by LGA (2011)* Flat House 1 bedroom 2 bedroom 2 bedroom 3 bedroom Brimbank $200 $250 $260 $300 Hobsons Bay $220 $285 $340 $330 Maribyrnong $230 $320 $330 $380 Melton $274 $230 $230 $285 Wyndham $220 $250 $260 $285 Metropolitan $300 $350 $350 $340 Melbourne Victoria $290 $330 $300 $320 Rental Report – December 2011 Quarter, Office of Housing, Department of Human Services * based on December quarter figures of that year
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Population Health Data 1.12 Homelessness
On the night of the 2011 census, compared to Victorian average figures, a lower proportion of all HealthWest catchment residents (not visitors) were living in a caravan, cabin or houseboat or were living in an improvised home, a tent, or were sleeping out, see Table A38.
Table A38: Persons occupied in private dwellings by type, 2011
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria Caravan, cabin, 0.05% 0.18% 0.03% 0.17% 0.15% 0.24% houseboat Improvised home, 0.01% 0.02% 0.01% 0.02% 0.02% 0.05% tent, sleepers out Total all 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Dwellings (%)
Total all Dwellings 160,101 76,701 58,151 74,764 106,025 4,579,511 (No.) Census of Population and Housing, ABS, 2011
1.13 Residential Aged Care
1.13.1 High Level Aged Care Places
The following explanation has been extracted directly from the Social Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011. High-level care is nursing home care provided when health deteriorates to such a degree that a person becomes very frail or ill and can no longer be cared for adequately in their present accommodation. It provides 24-hour nursing and personal care for the very frail or ill, with support for the activities of daily living - dining, showering, continence management, rehabilitation, medications etc. Allocation is based on availability and the assessment of an individual's needs, as compared with other residents.
In June 2010, Hobsons Bay, Maribyrnong and Wyndham all had a higher rate of population aged 70 years and over that was living in high level residential aged care, compared to the Melbourne and Victoria average. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rate. Table A39 shows data on high level residential aged care.
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Population Health Data Table A39: Population aged ≥70 years in high level residential aged care, June 2010 Location Number Rate per 1,000 Brimbank (C) 563 39.7 Hobsons Bay (C) 397 45.0 Maribyrnong (C) 339 56.7 Melton (S) 163 39.0 Wyndham (C) 289 51.4 Melbourne 15,631 42.5 Victoria 22,384 41.6 Social Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011
1.13.2 Low Level Care Places
The following explanation has been extracted directly from the Social Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011. Low-level care is hostel accommodation, offering a greater quality of life for people who benefit significantly from supportive services, companionship and activities, and for whom living without assistance is difficult. Independence is encouraged in maintaining daily living skills. Services provided may include showering, dressing, bed making, room cleaning, supervision of medication, provision of all meals and laundry.
In June 2010, Melton and Wyndham had a higher rate of population aged 70 years and over that was living in low level residential aged care, compared to the Melbourne and Victoria average. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham had the highest rate. Table A40 shows data on low level care plans.
Table A40: Population aged ≥70 years and over in low level care residential aged care, June 2010 Location Number Rate per 1,000 Brimbank 444 31.3 Hobsons Bay 292 33.1 Maribyrnong 186 31.1 Melton 196 46.9 Wyndham 341 60.7 Metropolitan Melbourne 16,759 45.6 Victoria 24,907 46.3 Social Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011
1.13.3 Community Care Places
The following explanation has been extracted directly from the Social Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011.
Community Aged Care Packages offer low dependency level care for older people who are frail and/or disabled, in their own home, whether they live with their spouse, family or on their own. Trained staff provide flexible and coordinated
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Population Health Data support, which may include assistance with personal care (e.g., showering, grooming); household help (e.g., shopping, cleaning); linking with activities and pursuits in the community; and other assistance as negotiated according to individual need. In June 2010, Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong had a higher rate of population aged 70 years and over with community care packages, compared to the Melbourne and Victoria average. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rate and this was substantially higher than the Victorian average. Table A41 shows the data on Community Aged Care Packages.
Table A41: Population aged ≥70 years and over with Community Aged Care Packages, June 2010 Location Number Rate per 1,000 Brimbank (C) 282 19.9 Hobsons Bay (C) 372 42.2 Maribyrnong (C) 630 105.4 Melton (S) 0 0.0 Wyndham (C) 0 0.0 Melbourne 8,830 24.0 Victoria 12,640 23.5 Social Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011
1.14 Water and waste management
In 2007, compared to the Victorian and NWMR region, a greater percentage of households in Brimbank, Melton and Wyndham collected waste water. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham had the highest proportion of households collecting waste water and Maribyrnong had the lowest.
In 2008-09, compared to the Victorian average, Brimbank, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham generated more non-recyclable garbage per household. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham generated the largest amount, followed by Brimbank; while Hobsons Bay generated the least.
In 2008-09, compared to the Victorian average, Brimbank, Hobsons Bay and Wyndham generated the largest amount of non-organic recyclable waste per household. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham generated the largest quantity and Maribyrnong generated the smallest quantity.
Table A42 shows the data on recycling and waste generation.
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Population Health Data Table A42: Recycling and waste generation by LGA
Indicator
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham MetroN&W Victoria
% of people in households 80.6 74.3 74.2 80.8 86.2 75.3 74.8 collecting waste water (2007) Non-Recyclable Garbage 591 457 497 505 597 - 472 Generated by Households (kg per household) (2008-09) * Non-Organic Recyclable Waste 288 284 216 280 326 - 283 Generated by Households (kg per household) (2008-09) * Source: Community Indicators Victoria, accessed April 2012. * Original date source is Sustainability Victoria
1.15 Transport
1.15.1 Commuting by place of residence
In 2006, compared to the Victorian average, workers who lived in Brimbank, Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong were more likely to have used public transport to get to work on Census day. Within the HealthWest catchment, workers who lived in Maribyrnong were most likely to have used public transport to get to work and this figure was significantly higher than the State and NWMR average.
In 2006, compared to the Victorian and NWMR average, workers from all HealthWest LGAs were less likely to have ridden a bicycle or walked to work on Census day. Within the HealthWest catchment, workers from Maribyrnong were most likely to have ridden a bicycle or walked to work, and workers from Melton were least likely.
In 2006, compared to the Victorian and NWMR average, employed persons who lived in any of the HealthWest LGAs were less likely to have worked from home or not work at all on the day of the Census.
1.15.2 Commuting by place of work
In 2006, compared to the Victorian and NWMR average, people who worked in Brimbank, Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong were significantly less likely to have used public transport to get to work on Census day. Within the HealthWest catchment, people who worked in Maribyrnong were most likely to have used public transport to get to work on Census day and people who worked in Melton were least likely.
In 2006, compared to the Victorian and NWMR average, people who worked in all HealthWest LGAs were less likely to have ridden a bicycle or walked to work
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Population Health Data on Census day. Within the HealthWest catchment, the Maribyrnong resident workforce were most likely to have ridden a bicycle or walked to work on Census day, and people who worked in Brimbank were least likely.
In 2006, compared to the Victorian, employed persons who worked in Melton were more likely to have worked from home or not work at all on the day of the Census.
Table A43 shows the data on public transport partronage.
Table A43: Public transport patronage by LGA, 2006
Public Transport Patronage
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian
People Who Used Public Transport to 10.5 12.5 20.5 7.9 8.2 13.3 9.3 Travel to Work on Census Day (LGA of Residence)
People Who Used Public Transport to 2.5 3 6.6 1.4 2 19.7 9.3 Travel to Work on Census Day (LGA of Workplace)
People Who Rode a Bicycle or Walked 1.4 3.0 5.3 1.1 1.6 5.5 4.7 to Work on Census Day (LGA of Residence)
People Who Rode a Bicycle or Walked 1.9 2.7 3.8 2.6 2.2 5.1 4.8 to Work on Census Day (LGA of Workplace)
Employed People Who Worked at 10.8 13.1 12.2 12.4 13.0 13.3 15.8 Home or Did Not Work on Census Day (LGA of Residence)
Employed People Who Worked at 12.1 12.3 13.4 17.7 13.4 12.9 15.9 Home or Did Not Work on Census Day (LGA of Workplace)
ABS, 2006. Source: Community Indicators Victoria, accessed 2011.
1.15.3 Transport limitations
The 2007 Community Indicators Victoria survey asked participants if their day to day travel been limited or restricted for any reason in the last 12 months. Responses to this question informed the transport limitations indicator.
In 2007, compared to the Victorian and NWMR average, Hobsons Bay, Maribyrnong and Wyndham populations all reported having experienced transport limitations in the last 12 months. Within the HealthWest catchment,
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Population Health Data Maribyrnong reported the highest proportion of population that had experienced transport limitations, and Melton reported the lowest. Table A44 shows the data on transport limitations.
Table A44: People Who Experienced Transport Limitations in the Last 12
Months by LGA, 2007
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham MetroN&W Victoria
18.6 23.9 24.4 18.1 23.3 21.0 20.3
Source: Community Indicators Victoria, accessed April 2012.
1.16 Rich and Vibrant Communities
Results from the 2007 Community Indicators Victoria Survey indicate that, compared to Victoria, all HealthWest LGAs, excluding Hobsbons Bay, were less likely to state they had enough opportunities to participate in arts and related activities in their local area. Within the HealthWest catchment, Hobsons Bay had the highest rate and Brimbank had the lowest.
The 2007 Community Indicators Survey also indicated that residents of Wyndham and Brimbank were less likely than the Victorian average to state they had participated in arts and related activities in the last month.
Table A45 shows data for participation in arts and cultural activities.
Table A45: Participation in arts and cultural activities, 2007
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian % % % % % % %
People with Enough Opportunities to 58.6 74.9 67.2 67.1 61.6 69.5 73.0 Participate in Arts and Related Activities in Local Area
People Who Participated in Arts and 41.7 46.9 47.7 47.1 41.5 46.5 46.6 Related Activities in the Last Month
Community Indicators Victoria, 2007
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Population Health Data 1.17 Indicators of Community Strength
Indicators of community strength reflect attitudes towards and participation in community life, for example volunteering, accessing services and safety. The data in these tables were obtained from the ‘Indicators of community strength’ section of the Department of Planning and Community Development 2010 (www.dpcd.vic.gov.au). Some or elements of these indicators may also be reflected in CIVs surveys.
Results from the 2008 Indicators of Community Strength Survey indicate that, compared to Victorian average figures, the HealthWest LGAs largely have consistently and often significantly lower levels of community strength. These results suggest that, social disconnection and exclusion or isolation are likely to be significant factors impacting upon the health and wellbeing of many residents in the community. Participation in community life and social interaction have important connections to mental health as well as to the capacity of communities to improve and prosper.
Across the HealthWest catchment, LGAs had particularly low figures for: volunteering, participation in organised groups (sports, church etc), participation in decision making boards or committees, attendance at a community events in the last 6 months, feeling safe on the street after dark, feeling there are opportunities to have a real say on issues that are important, agreeing that the area has opportunities to volunteer in local groups, and agreeing that they live in an active community where people do things and get involved in local issues/activities.
Within the HealthWest catchment, Brimbank had the lowest score for 13 of the 18 indicators and these scores were generally significantly lower than the Victorian average.
Table A46 shows the indicators of community strength data.
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Population Health Data
Table A46: Indicators of Community Strength by LGA, 2008.
Indicator of Community Strength
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria Can get help from friends family or 88.4 90.2 92.4 89.6 92.4 91 neighbours when needed Could raise $2000 in two days in an 74.6 86.3 75.9 82.4 83.1 85 emergency Volunteers 19.9 26.5 24.5 23.2 25.9 33
Member of organised groups such as 47 57.2 52.7 51.6 53.3 61 sports, church, community groups or professional associations Member of organised groups that have 28.2 38 39.9 37.5 31.5 41 taken local action Parental participation in schools 51.6 59.5 58.1 50.3 37.6 49
On decision making board or committee 9.1 14.3 12.7 11.7 16.1 19
Attendance at local community event in 35.0 49.0 42.7 46.3 42.3 53 last 6 months Feels safe on the street after dark 41.5 51.5 46.3 52.4 52.9 59
Feels multiculturalism makes life in the 81.4 78.3 83.2 73.8 79.0 76 area better Feels valued by society 47.0 51.1 48.7 48.1 44.7 52
Feels there are opportunities to have a 35.5 37.0 35.4 36.4 37.3 42 real say on issues that are important The area has easy access to recreational 53.2 87.1 72.6 78.1 73.2 82 and leisure facilities The area has good facilities and services 77.7 88.2 77.7 81.8 84.6 85 like shops, childcare, schools, libraries The area has opportunities to volunteer in 40.8 60.1 49.1 56.5 61.3 65 local groups The area has a wide range of community 36.1 58.2 45.5 61.3 59.9 60 and support groups It’s an active community, people do 32.1 57.5 44.2 55.2 52.6 59 things and get involved in local issues/activities Participation in organised sport 25.0 47.0 37.0 41.0 30.0 41
Indicators of Community Strength at the LGA Level in Victoria 2008 Report. Department of Planning & Community Development, 2010
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Population Health Data
1.18 Healthy Literacy
Health literacy is defined as: “… The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions…” (USA Department of Health and Human Services, 2000 cited in Issue 4233.0 Health Literacy, Australia, ABS 2006).
This section presents health literacy information based on national data. State, region and LGA specific data is not available. The data is not disaggregated for country of birth.
1.18.1 Health Literacy Levels
According to ABS data, there are 5 levels of health literacy: Level 1 is indicated as the lowest literacy measure and Level 5 is the highest. The number of respondents who obtained a level 5 made up a reasonably small percentage, which often provided variable results, and have therefore been combined with level 4 skill level results.
Low levels of health literacy can directly affect the health of an individual because it impacts on how well they understand a health diagnosis and treatment options, information about medication instructions, and their capacity to find and understand information about health services and preventative health resources.
1.18.2 Health Literacy and Education
People who have low education levels or poor English proficiency typically also have low health literacy, as shown in Figure A4. This is of particularly significance to the HealthWest catchment, as the LGAs of the region generally have lower levels of education completion and higher levels of migrant population.
Figure A4: Health literacy by Level of highest non-school qualification 60%
50%
40% Level 1
30% Level 2 Level 3 20% Level 4/5 10%
0% No non-school qual Advanced dip/dip or below Bachelor degree or above
ABS, 2006. Source: Better Health Plan For The West, 2012
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Population Health Data
1.18.3 Health Literacy and Age
From the ages of 15-19 years, health literacy, in general, increased through to the ages of 35-39 years. Decreases in health literacy tended to occur at the age of 40 years and over. Figure A5 shows health literacy levels by age.
With ageing, a greater need for health services and care increases due to changes in physical, social and psychological aspects of life. Therefore a sound level of health literacy is required to ensure that accessing and utilising health services is adhered. Of those aged 65-74 years, 83% did not attain a health literacy reading of Level 3 or above. Considerations for the older aged groups need to be taken into account, as the dramatic decline could be attributed to lower education levels.
Figure A5: Health Literacy by Skill Level, by age, Australia, 2006.
Source: 4233.0 - Health Literacy, Australia, ABS, 2006.
1.18.4 Health literacy by migrant characteristics
The person’s country of birth and whether it was an English speaking country are key social migrant characteristics. Of those that scored a Level 3 or above on the health literacy scale, 46% were born in English speaking countries outside Australia, compared to 44% who were born in Australia. 26% of Level 3 or above respondents were born in mainly non-English speaking countries overseas (Figure A6).
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Population Health Data
Figure A6: Health literacy skill level 3 or above, Australia, 2006
Source: 4233.0 - Health Literacy, Australia, ABS, 2006.
The western region has a high number of CALD communities, of which are from Non-English Speaking Backgrounds (NESB). To have a smaller percentage of people born in other countries with a health literacy skill level of 3 or above can have implications on the health services. An increase in service delivery needs to take place, of which needs to be culturally sensitive. Ideas should be generated around other pathways for NESB communities to be more knowledgeable about how to enter the health system and increasing accessibility issues.
1.18.5 Comparison between literacy domains
The 5 different literacy domains are categorised into Health, Prose, Document, Numeracy and Problem solving.
Educational participation and attainment were common characteristics associated with all the literacy domains. For example, having higher literacy scores across the domains were attributed to respondents who finished formal education over a greater number of years. Therefore educational attainment in the HealthWest catchment is an underlying factor to health literacy. Those that did not complete higher levels of education may be disadvantaged in accessing and utilising the appropriate health services and care, which will therefore result in poorer health outcomes. This had implications for the communities in the HealthWest catchment, considering levels of education are lower than the state average in most of the LGAs, particularly in Brimbank.
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Population Health Data
2. Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) communities
Cultural Demographic of the Western Region
The catchment of the HealthWest Partnership is a culturally and linguistically diverse region. This section considers the settlement patterns into the western LGAs. Of particular importance is the data on refugee settlement as community groups with a refugee background have been identified as having unique and greater health needs than the general population.
2.1 Country of birth
Country of birth considers where residents from each LGA were born, including in Australia or overseas. Countries of birth may already have English as their main language, while others are non-English speaking. Table B1 shows the proportion of LGA populations born in the top ten overseas country.
The Vietnamese community are the largest CALD community residing in Brimbank (9.8%). This is followed by the Indian community (4.2%) and then the Maltese community (2.9%).
People from the United Kingdom are the largest community that are not Australian born residing in Hobsons Bay (4.5%).The Indian community are the largest non-English Speaking Background community residing in Hobsons Bay (2.8%). This is followed by the Italian community (2.0%).
The Vietnamese community are the largest overseas born community residing in Maribyrnong (9.5%). This is followed by the Indian community (4.0%) and then the Chinese community (2.9%).
People from the United Kingdom are the largest overseas born community residing in Melton (3.0%). This is followed by the Indian and Philippino communities (2.5%).
People from India are the largest overseas born community residing in Wyndham (5.0%), followed by people from the United Kingdom (4.0%). After New Zealand, this is followed by the largest overseas born community being from the Philippines (2.4%).
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Population Health Data Table B1: Country of Birth top 10 overseas birthplaces ranked for 2011 (persons). Country % % % % % Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Vietnam 9.8 1.6 9.5 1.3 0.7 Malta 2.9 1.5 0.3 1.7 0.7 Philippines 2.8 1.2 1.1 2.5 2.4 Italy 2.0 2.0 1.4 0.9 1.1 Former Yugoslav 1.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.4 Republic of Macedonia Croatia 1.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.3 India 4.2 2.8 4.0 2.5 5.0 United Kingdom 1.4 4.5 2.6 3.0 4.0 Greece 1.3 1.4 1.3 0.3 0.3 New Zealand 1.3 1.9 1.7 1.8 3.1 Lebanon 0.4 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 China 1.1 1.0 2.9 0.5 1.5 Malaysia 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.8 Sri Lanka 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.7 2011 Census of Population and Housing, ABS, 2012
2.2 Languages spoken
According to 2011 data, of the 5 LGAs in the HealthWest catchment, Brimbank had the highest percentage of both overseas born residents and people with a Non English Speaking Background (NESB) people, followed by Maribyrnong.
Figure B2 shows the data on language background and overseas born.
Figure B1: Language background and overseas born.
Language background and overseas born
45 40 NESB 35 30 25 20 15 English 10 % of people of % 5 0 Total overseas born
Melton Brimbank Wyndham MaribyrnongLGAs Hobson's Bay Census 2011 Census of Population and Housing, ABS, 2012
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Population Health Data According to the 2011 Census, the most common language spoken at home was English. Table B2 shows the data for languages other than English that are spoken at home, with the top three languages other than English presented for each LGA.
In Brimbank, languages spoken other than English were Vietnamese, Italian and Maltese (14.2%, 3.6% and 3.3% respectively). In Hobsons bay, languages spoken other than English were Arabic, Italian and Greek (3.6%, 3.3% and 3.0% respectively). In Maribyrnong, languages spoken other than English were Vietnamese (12.0%), Cantonese (3.5%) and Greek (2.7%). In Melton, languages spoken other than English were Maltese (2.1%), Italian (2.1%) and Macedonian (1.8%). In Wyndham languages spoken other than English were Italian (2.0%), Mandarin (1.9%) and Hindi (1.9%).
Table B2: Top three languages other than English spoke at home, by LGA, 2011 LGA Top 3 Languages spoke at % of population home other than English Brimbank Vietnamese 14.2% Italian 3.6% Maltese 3.3% Hobsons Bay Arabic 3.6% Italian 3.3% Greek 3% Maribyrnong Vietnamese 12% Cantonese 3.5% Greek 2.7% Melton Maltese 2.1% Italian 1.8% Macedonian 1.8% Wyndham Italian 2% Mandarin 1.9% Hindi 1.9% 2011 Census of Population and Housing, ABS, 2012
2.3 Indigenous population
Indigenous population refers to the number of indigenous people (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people) living within the 5 LGAs at the 2011 Census.
Table B3 shows the age and gender distribution of the indigenous people living in the 5 LGAs at the 2011 Census.
The largest Indigenous population in the west reside in Wyndham (1,145 persons), followed by Melton (793 persons) and Maribyrnong (701 persons).
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Population Health Data Table B3: Indigenous status by Age and Sex, by LGA. Age Brimbank Hobsons Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham (years) Bay 0-4 Males 45 28 9 55 78 Females 35 10 15 51 76 5-9 Males 43 21 8 38 70 Females 42 10 12 49 71 10-14 Males 31 17 17 49 71 Females 35 18 12 43 76 15-19 Males 41 20 12 49 52 Females 43 16 18 38 62 20-24 Males 30 13 19 50 68 Females 39 21 14 42 40 25-29 Males 24 12 14 30 34 Females 30 17 14 23 41 30-34 Males 23 21 11 33 27 Females 16 13 11 31 40 35-39 Males 25 14 23 30 44 Females 19 18 13 22 30 40-44 Males 17 15 14 19 37 Females 33 8 9 35 31 45-49 Males 24 11 14 18 36 Females 19 17 8 18 24 50-54 Males 8 12 5 11 19 Females 9 9 9 16 34 55-59 Males 14 16 10 6 22 Females 21 7 9 8 17 60-64 Males 9 6 3 7 10 Females 7 4 3 5 8 65 + Males 10 8 7 8 11 Females 9 11 9 9 16 Total 701 393 322 793 1,145 2011 Census of Population and Housing, ABS, 2012
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Population Health Data
2.4 Refugee Settlement
People entering Australia are administered into the Australian Humanitarian Programme via the Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC). This program has both an onshore (asylum-seekers) and offshore (refugee and SHP visas) component. This section focuses on Refugee visas and Special Humanitarian Programme (SHP) visas.
The most common Refugee visas are issued to people living outside their home country, and are subject to persecution in their home country. SHP visas are issued to people who are subject to sustained discrimination amounting to gross violation of their human rights in their home country, and they are living outside their home country. SHP visas have been approved by an individual or organisation already established in Australia that is expected to aid them in their settlement.
All Refugee and SHP visa holders are granted permanent residence in Australia, the right to work and the same access to government services (such as Centrelink and Medicare) as the general population.
People with a refugee background settling in Australia have been identified as having unique and greater health needs than the general population, and a range of barriers to accessing health services. Barriers include difficulties speaking English, low levels of literacy (including health literacy), lack of capacity to negotiate health and public transport systems, organising the logistics of large families, and insufficient services that respond to their specific health and cultural needs.
2.4.1 Humanitarian Visas
Table B5 indicates the total number of humanitarian arrivals in the LGAs of the HealthWest catchment from 2001 to 2011 compared with total settlement figures. Brimbank had the greatest number of humanitarian settlers from 2011- 2011, followed by Wyndham and then Maribyrnong. Comparatively, a lower number of humanitarian arrivals settled in Hobsons Bay and Melton.
Figure B2 shows the the number of humanitarian arrivals by LGAs each year from 2001 to 2011. There are large fluctuations in numbers of arrivals from year to year, and the graph shows the greater numbers settling in Brimbank and Wyndham over this period compared with the other 3 LGAs in the HealthWest catchment.
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Population Health Data Table B5: Humanitarian settlements by LGA – Visas granted, January 2001 - January 2011 LGA Humanitarian stream Total settlers Number % of total Brimbank 4,260 21% 20,244 Hobsons Bay 836 13% 6,285 Maribyrnong 1,694 18% 9,407 Melton 525 10% 5,287 Wyndham 2,094 13% 16,666 Total 14,285 18% 80,681 Department of Immigration and Citizenship, 2011. Source: Better Health Plan for the West, 2012
Figure B2: Humanitarian Visas granted by LGA by year, 2001 – 2011 Entrants are measured on 1 January – 1 January calendar year.
Department of Immigration and Citizenship, accessed April 2012
2.4.2 Countries of Immigration and settlement in the West
Tables B6 lists the most common country of birth for migrants who have arrived on the humanitarian migrant stream, over the previous five years, for each of the HealthWest LGAs.
The data indicates that, between 1st January 2006 and 31st December 2011, in Brimbank, the most common country of birth for humanitarian migrants was the Sudan (469), closely followed by Burma (450).
In Hobsons Bay, the most common country of birth for humanitarian migrants was Burma (319), followed by Thailand.
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Population Health Data
The most common country of birth for humanitarian migrants in Maribyrnong was also Burma (328), followed by Afghanistan (109).
In Melton, Sudan (91) was the most common country of birth for humanitarian migrants, followed by Indonesia (65).
In Wyndham, the most common country of birth for humanitarian migrants was India (2,609), followed by Philippines (1,046).
Across the HealthWest catchment, the most common country of birth for humanitarian migrants was India (2,609), Burma (1,109), Philippines (1,046), People’s Republic of China (974) and Sudan (620).
Table B6: Top 10 Countries of Birth for Humanitarian Migrant Stream and LGA, 01/01/2006 to 31/12/2011
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Sudan 469 Burma 319 Burma 328 Sudan 91 India 2,609 Burma 450 Thailand 110 Afghanistan 109 Indonesia 65 Philippines 1,046 Ethiopia 133 Iran 21 Iran 87 Iraq 15 China 974 Peoples Rep Iran 132 Ethiopia 19 Ethiopia 81 Egypt 13 United 730 Arab Rep Kingdom Of Iraq 114 Lebanon 12 Sri Lanka 59 Burma 12 Sri Lanka 355 Liberia 114 Democratic Rep. 11 Sudan 51 Sri Lanka 11 Malaysia 304 of the Congo Sri Lanka 108 Iraq 9 Iraq 48 Chad 9 Singapore 279 Afghanistan 92 Sudan 9 Eritrea 31 Uganda 9 Sth Africa 276 Rep Thailand 63 Eritrea 7 Malaysia 23 Dem Rep 9 Pakistan 191 Of Timor- Leste Indonesia 53 Pakistan 6 Tibet 23 Ethiopia 8 Indonesia 178 Department of Immigration and Citizenship, accessed May 2012
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Population Health Data
3. Workforce
3.1 Unemployment rates
Unemployment figures for the December 2011 quarter indicate that all HealthWest catchment LGAs had a higher rate of unemployment than the Victorian average. Brimbank had the highest unemployment rate, followed by Melton and Wyndham. These rates were all significantly higher than the Victorian average figure. Table C1 shows unemployment data from 2006 to 2011.
Table C1: Unemployment by LGA and year LGA 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Brimbank Unemployed persons (no.) 7 434 7 893 6 499 7 680 7 665 8 563 Unemployment rate (%) 8.4 8.8 7.1 8.5 8.3 9.2 Hobsons Unemployed persons (no.) 2 209 2 396 2 007 2 797 2 705 2 678 Bay Unemployment rate (%) 4.9 5.2 4.3 5.9 5.6 5.5 Maribyrnong Unemployed persons (no.) 2 762 2 881 2 445 3 072 2 848 3 148 Unemployment rate (%) 8.6 8.8 7.3 8.2 7.4 6.1 Melton Unemployed persons (no.) 1 763 2 066 1 841 3 444 3 685 4 290 Unemployment rate (%) 5.6 6.5 5.7 7.2 7.5 8.7 Wyndham Unemployed persons (no.) 2 717 3 093 2 913 4 393 4 713 5 840 Unemployment rate (%) 5.4 6 5.6 6.4 6.7 8.3 Victoria Unemployment rate (%) 5.3 4.8 4.5 5.1 5.5 5.0 National Regional Profiles, ABS, accessed January 2011 along with Small Area Labour Market figures for the December 2011 quarter. Please note that 2006 to 2010 figures are for June quarters and 2011 figure is for the December quarter, when comparing rates between 2011 and previous years.
3.2 Employment
Employment data indicates that the proportion of people working and living in the same LGA is lower in all the LGAs in HealthWest catchment compared with the Victorian average. The western LGAs had lower proportions of people working in the area that were employed in highly skilled occupations compared with the Victorian average. The overall percentage of employment of persons 15 years and over was lower in Brimbank, Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong than compared with the Victorian average. See Table C2.
Table C2: Employment figures by LGA, 2006
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham NWMR Victorian % people working and living in same LGA 28.6 28.6 20.6 20.3 37 29 43.7 % people working in the area employed 47.7 48.8 50.3 47.9 45.2 58.1 56.3 in highly skilled occupations % of people aged 15 years & over who 54.5 59.3 58.6 65.9 66.2 60.6 60.9 are employed ABS, 2006
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Population Health Data 3.3 Labour force participation
3.3.1 Sector participation
For males across the HealthWest catchment, manufacturing was the most common sector for employment. This is particularly true for Brimbank where over 9,500 people reported working in the manufacturing sector. Across the catchment, transport, postal and warehousing was the next most common sector followed by construction, and retail trade for males. Wyndham had highest rates of employment within the public administration and safety sector. See Table C3.
For females across the HealthWest catchment the most common industry of employment was retail trade and, health care & social assistance. These sectors were closely followed by manufacturing, accommodation & food services, education & training, and the professional scientific & technical sector. See Table C4.
Table C3: Industry Employment for Males by LGA MALES Brimbank Hobsons Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Bay Agriculture, forestry & fishing 131 65 40 110 334 Mining 48 58 17 46 67 Manufacturing 9,749 3,846 2,463 4,261 5,773 Electricity, gas, water & waste 288 190 135 208 329 services Construction 4,440 2,116 1,179 3,081 3,692 Wholesale trade 2,226 1,188 850 1,291 1,909 Retail trade 3,320 1,574 1,270 1,769 2,547 Accommodation & food 1,782 874 1,096 749 1,120 services Transport, postal & 4,570 2,128 1,396 2,795 3,498 warehousing Information media & 701 498 547 386 618 telecommunications Financial & insurance services 1,021 735 690 555 916 Rental, hiring & real estate 356 296 189 211 359 services Professional, scientific & 1,441 1,408 1,150 740 1,449 technical services Administrative & support 1,337 662 691 649 984 services Public administration & safety 1,457 1,190 855 995 2,007 Education & training 936 719 814 562 778 Health care & social 920 604 664 457 706 assistance Arts & recreation services 447 334 418 261 460 Other services 1,562 664 471 893 1,093 Inadequately described/Not 1,698 637 560 622 843 stated Total 38,430 19,786 15,495 20,641 29,482 Census Basic Community Profile, ABS, 2006
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Population Health Data Table C4: Industry Employment for females by LGA FEMALES Brimbank Hobsons Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Bay Agriculture, forestry & fishing 83 18 17 92 146 Mining 17 14 22 22 16 Manufacturing 3,403 1,259 988 1,322 1,878 Electricity, gas, water & waste 136 57 64 86 104 services Construction 541 327 161 376 568 Wholesale trade 1,119 682 456 652 1,048 Retail trade 4,587 2,034 1,398 2,511 3,660 Accommodation & food 2,299 1,101 1,003 1,177 1,689 services Transport, postal & 1,351 709 378 958 1,191 warehousing Information media & 525 445 452 295 460 telecommunications Financial & insurance services 1,644 959 835 906 1,394 Rental, hiring & real estate 382 247 181 263 360 services Professional, scientific & 1,463 1,288 1,035 823 1,342 technical services Administrative & support 1,596 746 631 700 1,043 services Public administration & safety 1,450 1,137 828 965 1,595 Education & training 2,377 1,840 1,331 1,521 2,135 Health care & social 4,214 2,556 1,912 2,561 3,612 assistance Arts & recreation services 439 363 323 256 461 Other services 976 542 408 536 760 Inadequately described/Not 1,030 404 328 430 578 stated Total 29,632 16,728 12,751 16,452 24,040 Census Basic Community Profile, ABS, 2006
3.4 Individual income
In June 2009, the Australian Bureau of Statistics calculated estimates for occupations of wage and salary earners. Occupations were diverse within the HealthWest catchment and its LGAS, see Table C5.
In 2009, compared to the Metropolitan Melbourne average figures, all HealthWest catchment LGAs had a higher proportion of the labour force that were labourers or machinery operators and drivers; or technicians and trade workers. Brimbank had the highest proportion of labourers and Melton had the highest proportion of machinery operators and drivers and of technicians and trade workers. Brimbank and Melton also had a higher proportion (the same) of sales workers.
Hobsons Bay, Melton and Wyndham had a higher proportion of clerical and administration workers, with Wyndham having the highest proportion in this occupation; while Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham had a higher proportion of
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Population Health Data community and personal service workers. Melton had the highest proportion of workers in the community and personal services occupation.
Compared to the Metropolitan Melbourne average, all HealthWest LGAs, except Maribyrnong, had a lower proportion of workers who were professionals; and all HealthWest LGAs, except Hobsons Bay, had a lower proportion of workers who were managers.
Table C5: Wage and salary earners by occupation (June 2009)
Metro
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria Melbourne Managers 9.5% 12.7% 11.2% 10.2% 11.9% 12.5% 11.9%
Professionals 13.3% 20.2% 24.0% 12.9% 15.5% 22.1% 21.0%
Technicians & Trade 12.0% 11.1% 9.3% 13.0% 12.4% 10.6% 11.1% Workers Community & Pers. 8.2% 7.9% 8.4% 9.3% 8.5% 8.2% 8.6% Service Workers Clerical & Admin. 17.2% 18.4% 15.6% 18.7% 19.4% 18.2% 17.5% Workers Sales Workers 8.6% 6.9% 6.8% 8.6% 8.1% 8.1% 8.1%
Machinery Operators & 9.5% 6.9% 5.5% 10.3% 9.3% 5.2% 5.6% Drivers Labourers 16.0% 10.0% 13.3% 12.1% 10.1% 8.8% 10.1%
Not Stated 5.6% 5.8% 5.9% 4.8% 4.8% 6.2% 6.1%
Total Occupation 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
National Regional Profiles, ABS, 2010
3.5 Location of employment
As Figure C2 indicates, apart from Maribyrnong where most people travelled into Melbourne for work, all other LGAs reported more residents working within their own LGA of residence. Travelling to Melbourne was the next most common place of employment across the region. Interestingly, no Brimbank, Maribyrnong, or Wyndham residents identified travelling to Melton for work.
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Population Health Data Figure C2: Top 10 Local Government Areas of employment for residents
Top 10 Local Government Areas of employment for residents, 2006
35 Brimbank 30 Hobson's Bay Maribyrnong 25 Melton 20 Wyndham Hume 15 Moonee Valley
% of people of % 10 Port Phillip 5 Yarra Moreland 0 Stonnington Brimbank Hobson's Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Greater Geelong Bay LGAs Melbourne
Census Journey to work, ABS, unpublished data 2006. Source:www.id.com.au
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Population Health Data
4. Health and Disease
4.1 Life Expectancy & Mortality
4.1.1 Life Expectancy at Birth
Life expectancy, as shown in figure D1, indicates that males in Wyndham have an equal life expectancy to the Victorian average, and the highest life expectancy of males across the West. Males in Maribyrnong and Melton had significantly lower life expectancy than the Victorian average.
Across all western LGAs and Victoria, females had a higher life expectancy than males at birth. Wyndham had the highest life expectancy for females across the west and for Victoria. Other than Wyndham the remaining four LGAs had a lower life expectancy than the Victorian average.
Figure D1: Average Life Expectancy at Birth by gender and LGA
Victorian Health Information Service System, 2007
4.1.2 Avoidable Deaths
Between 2003 and 2007, Brimbank, Hobsons Bay, Maribyrnong and Melton had a higher rate of avoidable deaths per population than the Victorian average. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rate and this was significantly higher than the Victorian average. Wyndham had the lowest rate of avoidable deaths per population in the region.
Table D1 shows the number and rate of avoidable deaths by LGA.
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Population Health Data Table D1: Avoidable Deaths* - All Causes, 2003-2007 LGA No. Rate# Brimbank 1,260 163.9 Hobsons Bay 689 173.0 Maribyrnong 601 219.3 Melton 427 168.5 Wyndham 626 157.6 Victoria 37,738 158.2 Social Health Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011 # per 100,000 population
4.1.3 Selected avoidable mortality rates
Compared to Victorian average figures, Maribyrnong had significantly higher rates of avoidable deaths for: ischaemic heart and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, stroke, hepatitis and liver cancer and alcohol related conditions. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the greatest number of conditions that had very high rates of avoidable deaths. Brimbank had very high rates of avoidable deaths due to diabetes and to hepatitis and liver cancer; Hobsons Bay had very high rates of avoidable deaths due to hepatitis and liver, oral and stomach cancers as well as alcohol related conditions and Wyndham had very high rates of avoidable deaths due to stomach and colorectal cancers. See Table D2.
Table D2: Selected avoidable mortality rates* by LGA
Condition
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham VIC Ischaemic heart disease (2003 – 2007) 31.1 32.6 47.2 31.7 29.7 27.8 Cardiovascular diseases (2003 – 2007) 44.5 45.0 66.1 44.2 43.3 39.8 Cancer (2003 – 2007) 64.6 67.9 74.0 71.4 65.9 61.4 Lung cancer (2003 – 2007) 27.7 20.3 28.5 22.4 26.0 20.6 Colorectal cancer (2003 – 2007) 10.6 12.2 15.1 16.1 10.5 11.3 Diabetes (2002-06) 12.4 9.6 11.5 10.8 9.0 7.3 Breast cancer (2002-06) 7.8 9.7 6.3 4.7 7.7 9.5 Stroke (2002-06) 6.7 7.81 12.2 8.2 5.2 6.4 Respiratory system diseases (2003 – 2007) 6.8 9.2 11.7 7.4 8.3 8.4 COPD # (2003 – 07) 17.3 25.4 32.1 20.8 21.6 21.6 Hepatitis and liver cancer (2002-06) 5.5 5.4 7.5 3.8 3.0 3.4 Stomach cancer (2002-06) 3.9 6.2 5.3 8.4 2.2 3.7 Oral cancers (2002-06) 2.6 3.7 3.3 N/A 3.0 2.2 Alcohol related conditions (2002-06) 2.2 7.2 8.1 3.5 4.0 4.2 Skin cancers (2002-06) 1.8 4.8 3.6 5 3.0 3.8 Social Health Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011; Better Health Plan for the West, 2012 *Standardised Rate per 100,000 Persons #Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Note: red numbers denote percentages that are greater than 1.5 times the state average
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Population Health Data 4.3 Diabetes
Three of the five LGAs in HealthWest catchment are considered diabetes ‘hotspots’, with prevalence of diabetes greater than 4% of the population. The following prevalence data is based on 2011 Diabetes Australia Victoria data and outlines prevalence in 2011 as well as increases in diabetes since 2001.
Table D3: Prevalence and incidence of diabetes by LGA, 2011
% rise in Number of number of Number new people with % of people cases from cases diagnosed LGA diabetes with diabetes 2001-2011 each week Brimbank 11,793 6.1 212.5 15.4 Hobsons Bay 4,824 5.4 154.3 5.6 Maribyrnong 3,190 4.3 146.3 3.6 Melton 4,550 4.0 205.8 5.9 Wyndham 6,514 3.8 224.7 8.7 Victoria 252,694 4.5 - - Diabetes Australia Victoria, 2011
4.4 Mental Health
4.4.1 Prevalence of mental and behavioural problems
In 2007-08, compared to the Victorian average figure, there was a slightly higher rate of males from Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong who had mental and behavioural problems. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rate and Wyndham had the lowest. In 2007-08, compared to the Victorian average figure, there was a slightly higher rate of females from Brimbank, Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong who had mental and behavioural problems. Within the HealthWest catchment, Brimbank had the highest rate and Wyndham had the lowest.
Overall, females were more likely than males to have mental and behavioural problems. See Table D4.
Table D4: Population of males and females with mental and behavioural problems * by sex and LGA, 2007-08 LGA Males Females No. Rate# No. Rate# Brimbank 8,911 9.8 10,698 11.9 Hobsons Bay 4,268 10.0 5,095 11.8 Maribyrnong 3,780 10.5 4,056 11.8 Melton 4,295 9.7 5,063 11.6 Wyndham 6,033 9.4 7,106 11.3 Victoria 257,746 9.9 309,046 11.6 Social Health Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011 *synthetic prediction # rate per 100 pop HealthWest Partnership Page 61 of 100
Population Health Data 4.4.2 Prevalence of mood (affective) problems
In 2007-08, compared to the Victorian average figure, there was a slightly higher rate of males and females from Brimbank, Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong who had mood (affective) problems.
Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rate of mood affective problems in males and Wyndham had the lowest. Brimbank had the highest rate of mood (affective) problems in females, while Wyndham had the lowest.
Overall, females were more likely than males to have a mood (affective) problem.
Table D5 shows the data for mood (affective) problems.
Table D5: Population with mood (affective) problems * by sex and LGA (2007-08) Males Females No. Rate# No. Rate# Brimbank 5,904 6.5 10,698 11.9 Hobsons Bay 2,653 6.2 5,095 11.8 Maribyrnong 2,547 6.9 4,056 11.8 Melton 2,566 5.9 5,063 11.6 Wyndham 3,574 5.7 7,106 11.3 Victoria 156,455 6.0 309,046 11.6 Social Health Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011 *synthetic prediction # rate per 100 pop
4.4.3 Prevalence of high/very high psychological distress
Compared to Victoria, in 2008, Brimbank, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham all had higher rates of population that had high or very high levels of psychological distress. Within the HealthWest catchment, Brimbank had the highest rate, followed by Melton. Rates for both were more than 25% higher than the Victorian average. See Table D6.
Table D6: Proportion of persons with high/very high psychological
distress by LGA, 2008
Melton
Victoria
Brimbank
Wyndham
Maribyrnong Hobsons Bay
High (22–29) and very high (30– 16.7 10.9 13.9 15.5 8.7 11.4 50) levels of psychological distress (2008)* Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008 *based on Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale
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Population Health Data 4.4.4 Mental health service utilisation
The proportion of persons who sought professional help for a mental health problem was lower than the Victorian average in Brimbank, Maribyrnong and Wyndham. Brimbank had the lowest proportion of the western LGAs. See Table D7.
Table D7: Proportion of persons who sought professional help for a
mental health problem by LGA, 2008
toria
Melton
Vic
Brimbank
Wyndham
Maribyrnong Hobsons Bay
Proportion of persons who sought 7.8 13.0 11.1 12.1 10.3 11.4 professional help for a mental health problem in the last 12 months Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
In 2009-2010, compared to the Victorian average figure, Maribyrnong and Wyndham had a higher proportion of estimated resident 2009 population that were registered mental health clients. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rate and Melton had the lowest. See Table D8.
Table D8: Registered mental health clients per 1,000 population* by LGA, 2009-10 Brimbank Hobsons Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria Bay 10.7 11.0 12.2 8.8 11.8 11.0 Local government area statistical profiles, Department of Health, 2011 *based on 2009 ERP
4.4.5 Deaths from suicide and self-inflicted injuries
Between 2003 and 2007, compared to the Victorian average, Maribyrnong had a higher rate of avoidable deaths from suicide or self-inflicted injuries per 100,000 population aged 0 – 74 years. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rate, followed by Brimbank. See Table D9.
Table D9: Deaths from suicide and self-inflicted injuries in persons aged 0 to 74 years, 2003 - 07 No. Rate p/100,000 pop. Brimbank (C) 84 10.1 Hobsons Bay (C) 30 7.4 Maribyrnong (C) 43 13.1 Melton (S) 32 8.9 Wyndham (C) 49 9.3 Victoria 2,628 11.0 Social Health Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas, 2011 *synthetic prediction
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Population Health Data 4.5 Cancer
4.5.1 Prevalence of Cancer
The Victorian Population Health Survey asked respondents if they have ever been diagnosed with cancer. The rate of self-reported cancer per population, compared to Victoria, was higher in Hobsons Bay but lower in other LGAs.
Table D10: Prevalence of self-reported cancer by LGA, 2008
g
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnon Melton Wyndham Victoria Proportion of persons who have ever been 4.4 7.4 4.3 5.9 3.5 6.6 diagnosed with cancer Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
4.5.2 Incidence of cancer Within the HealthWest catchment, between 2005 and 2009, the average annual number of new cancer cases was highest in Brimbank. However, Hobsons Bay had the highest proportion of population diagnosed with cancer. The HealthWest catchment LGAs, compared to the Victorian average, had a lower proportion of population diagnosed with new cancers in the time period examined. Note that age structure has a strong relationship with cancer prevalence and per population proportions here have not been age-standardised. Reflecting Victorian average figures, males were more likely than females to have been diagnosed with cancer. Hobsons Bay had the highest proportion of males diagnosed with cancer in the time-frame (average annual calculation), and Maribyrnong had the highest proportion of females.
Table D11: Incidence of all cancers, 2005 – 2009
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria *
Total 726 440 268 285 439 28,363 2007 ERP 178,128 85,752 68,097 86,449 123,919 5,188,100 % of 2007 ERP 0.41% 0.51% 0.39% 0.33% 0.35% 0.55% Males No 400 250 140 154 237 15,913 Males % 55.1% 56.8% 52.2% 54.0% 54.0% 56.1% Females No. 326 190 128 131 202 12,450 Females % 44.9% 43.2% 47.8% 46.0% 46.0% 43.9% Cancer Council Victoria, 2011;Cancer in Victoria: Statistics and Trends 2010. *Figures shown at the LGA level are average new cases per year for the leading cancers in Victoria over the period 2005 to 2009. The figure for Victoria is the number of new cases in 2010. #2007 estimated resident population (chosen as a mid-point figure for the date range of 2005 - 2009)
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Population Health Data Within the HealthWest catchment, between 2005 and 2009: The average annual number of bowel cancer cases diagnosed was highest in Brimbank; while Hobsons Bay had the highest proportion of all cancers that were bowel cancer. In Brimbank, Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong, bowel cancers made up a greater proportion of all diagnosed cancers, compared to the Victorian average.
The average annual number of and proportion of all diagnosed cancers that were prostate cancer was highest in Brimbank. In all HealthWest catchment LGAs, prostate cancer made up a smaller proportion of all diagnosed cancers, compared to the Victorian average.
The average annual number of breast cancer cases diagnosed was highest in Brimbank, while Melton had the highest proportion of all cancers that were breast cancer. In Brimbank, Melton and Wyndham, breast cancer made up a larger proportion of all diagnosed cancers, compared to the Victorian average.
The average annual number of lung cancer cases diagnosed was highest in Brimbank, while Maribyrnong had the highest proportion of all cancers that were lung cancer. In all HealthWest LGAs, lung cancer made up a larger proportion of all diagnosed cancers, compared to the Victorian average.
The average annual number of and proportion of all diagnosed cancers that were melanoma cases was highest in Hobsons Bay and Wyndham. In all HealthWest LGAs, melanoma made up a smaller proportion of all diagnosed cancers, compared to the Victorian average.
Table D12: Incidence of leading Victorian cancers, 2005 – 2009
Cancer
imbank
Br Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria *
Bowel 99 64 35 37 52 3,699 13.6% 14.5% 13.1% 13.0% 11.8% 13.0% Prostate 114 64 35 44 64 4,938 15.7% 14.5% 13.1% 15.4% 14.6% 17.4% Breast 93 49 30 42 58 3,537 12.8% 11.1% 11.2% 14.7% 13.2% 12.5% Lung 73 47 29 29 43 2,340 10.1% 10.7% 10.8% 10.2% 9.8% 8.3% Melanoma 28 30 14 19 30 2,256 3.9% 6.8% 5.2% 6.7% 6.8% 8.0% All new 726 440 268 285 439 28,363 cancers* 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Cancer Council Victoria, 2011;Cancer in Victoria: Statistics and Trends 2010. * Figures shown at the LGA level are average new cases per year for the leading cancers in Victoria over the period 2005 to 2009. The figure for Victoria is the number of new cases in 2010.
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Population Health Data The total number of malignant cancers diagnosed each year over the period 2003-2007 is shown in Table D13. Hobsons Bay had the highest proportion of the population with a malignant cancer diagnosed.
Table D13: Total malignant cancers diagnosed by gender and LGA, 2003- 2008 Male Female Total % of LGA population Brimbank 363 304 668 0.4 Hobsons Bay 237 186 423 0.5 Maribyrnong 149 128 277 0.4 Melton 129 107 237 0.3 Wyndham 205 176 381 0.3 Victoria 14,462 11,429 25,891 - Cancer Council Victoria, 2011
4.6 Violence Against Women
Violence perpetrated against women is a prevalence issue that significantly impacts on the health of women living in the west. Section 1.8.3 presented the data on number of family incidents in the LGAs of the HealthWest catchment.
The three figures in this section are taken directly from the VicHealth report The health costs of violence: Measuring the burden of disease caused by intimate partner violence1 and demonstrate the health impact of violence against women.
The table in this section is taken directly from the Victorian Burden of Disease Study.2
There are a number of health outcomes contributing to the disease burden of intimate partner violence for women, with depression and anxiety contributing the greatest proportion of this burden (see Figure 1 from VicHealth report). Table 27 from the Victorian government report shows this data by age groups.
Intimate partner violence is the greatest risk factor contributing to disease burden in Victorian women aged 15-44 years, and is the sixth greatest risk factor contributing to disease burden in Victorian women of all ages (see Figures 2 and 3 from the VicHealth report).
1 VicHealth 2004. The health costs of violence: Measuring the burden of disease caused by intimate partner violence. Accessed December 2011, http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/Publications/Freedom-from-violence.aspx?page=2 2 Victorian Government Department of Human Services 2005. Victorian Burden of Disease Study: Mortality and morbidity in 2001. Accessed December 2011, http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/6AEAFAB1BAE696B9CA257886000158A0/$FILE/bod_2001. pdf HealthWest Partnership Page 66 of 100
Population Health Data
Source: VicHealth, 2004
Source: Department of Human Services, 2005
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Population Health Data
Source: VicHealth, 2004
Source: VicHealth, 2004
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Population Health Data
4.7 Other Health Conditions
4.7.1 Heart Disease
In 2008, compared to Victoria, Brimbank, Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong all had higher rates of population reporting they had heart disease. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rate and Wyndham had the lowest. See Table D14.
Table D14: Prevalence of heart disease* by LGA, 2008
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham VIC
Prevalence of heart disease 7.9 7.5 9.6 6.3 6.2 6.7 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008 * self reported
4.7.2 Oral Health
The following oral health status data is based on a sample of 6,942 children aged 0-12 years and 3,363 persons aged 13-65 years. Additional information on the sample size by age groups can be found in the North West Metropolitan Region Integrated Oral Health Plan 2011-2014.
Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT)
Brimbank has the highest rate of DMFT across the first three age cohorts as shown in Table D15. The highest rates overall for these age cohorts 0-12 years are in Brimbank then Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong. The highest rate for people aged 13 – 17 years is in Brimbank followed by Maribyrnong. Melton has the highest rate for the remaining four age cohorts.
Table D15: Rate of DMFT by age group by LGA Age Group (in years) LGA 0-5 6 7-8 9-11 12 13-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+
Brimbank 2.92 3.72 3.5 0.96 1.53 3.48 6 12.07 19.62 24
Hobsons Bay 2.8 2.73 3.03 1.06 1.49 2.86 4.67 11.14 16.91 23.47
Maribyrnong 1.91 3.22 2.97 1.06 1.42 3.14 6 9.77 18.98 24.41
Melton 1.87 2.07 2.12 0.69 1.66 2.99 6.46 14.74 21.21 25.58
Wyndham 2.44 2.79 2.63 0.87 1.36 2.67 4.59 9.07 16.57 22.11
Source: NWMR Integrated Oral Health Plan 2011-2014
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Population Health Data
4.7.3 Eye Health
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average, a lower proportion of all HealthWest LGA populations reported that they had noticed a change in vision in the past 12 months. Within the catchment, Brimbank had the highest proportion and Melton had the lowest. See Table D16.
Table D16: Proportion of population who noticed a change in vision* in past 12 months (persons aged ≥18 yrs), 2008 LGA % responded Yes Brimbank 36.1 Hobsons Bay 33.5 Maribyrnong 31.6 Melton 27.0 Wyndham 34.0 N&WMR 41.3 Victoria 41.0 Victorian Population Health Survey 2008. *self reported
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average, all HealthWest catchment LGAs had a lower proportion of population that reported having ever consulted an eye care specialist or attending an eye clinic. Within the catchment, Hobsons Bay had the highest rate and Wyndham had the lowest. See Table D17.
Table D17: Ever consulted an eye care specialist or attended an eye clinic* (persons aged ≥18 yrs), 2008 LGA % responded Yes Brimbank 72.1 Hobsons Bay 77.5 Maribyrnong 75.8 Melton 74.6 Wyndham 70.9 N&WMR 76.6 Victoria 77.7 Victorian Population Health Survey 2008. * self reported
4.7.4 Asthma
Compared to Victoria, in 2008, Wydham, Melton, Hobsons Bay and Brimbank had a higher rate of population reporting they had current asthma. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham had the highest rate and Maribyrnong had the lowest. See Table D18.
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Population Health Data
Table D18: Prevalence of asthma* by LGA, 2008
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria Prevalence of current asthma (%) 11.9 11.5 6.4 11.3 12.2 10.7 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008 * self reported
4.9 Selected Notifiable Conditions
4.9.1 Blood Borne Diseases
“Blood borne diseases are those in which an infectious agent present in the blood of an infected individual is transmitted by contact with the blood of a susceptible individual.” - Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit – Department of Health , Victorian Government.
Between April 2011 and 2012, Brimbank, Hobsons Bay, Maribyrnong and Wyndham all had higher rates of blood borne diseases compared to the Victorian average. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest overall rate for Blood borne diseases, followed by Brimbank. See Table D19.
Table D19: Blood Borne Disease Rates* by LGA, 2011 – 2012
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria
Hepatitis B - Newly acquired 1.1 1.2 1.5 0.0 2.4 1.2 Hepatitis B - Unspecified 110.9 44.5 101.6 34.8 88.2 36.9 Hepatitis C - Newly acquired 6.2 2.3 5.9 5.8 5.7 3.0 Hepatitis C - Unspecified 65.3 58.5 79.5 33.7 76.9 41.5 Hepatitis D 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.3 Total Blood Borne Diseases 183.6 106.5 188.6 74.3 174.0 82.9 Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Department of Health , 2012 * Rate per 100,000 for the 12 month period 12-Apr-2011 to 11-Apr-2012 calculated using ABS 2007 estimated resident population.
4.9.2 Enteric Diseases
“Enteric diseases are most commonly caused by an infectious agent entering the body through the mouth and intestinal tract. They are usually spread through contaminated food or water, or by contact with vomit or faeces.” - Infectious
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Population Health Data Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit – Department of Health , Victorian Government.
Between April 2011 and 2012, the overall rate of enteric disease in Wyndham was higher than the Victorian average. Wyndham had particularly high rates of Campylobacter infection and Salmonellosis. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham had the highest overall rate of enteric disease, followed by Hobsons Bay. See Table D20.
Table D20: Enteric disease rates* by LGA, 2011 – 2012
yndham
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton W Victoria Campylobacter infection 97.4 133.4 113.4 111.4 143.3 125.8 Cryptosporidiosis 1.7 3.5 5.9 5.8 3.2 6.1 Food/Water/Environmental 15.8 9.4 7.4 1.2 11.3 23.4 HepatitisOther A 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.7 Hepatitis E 0.0 0.0 1.5 1.5 0.8 0.3 Listeriosis 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.5 Paratyphoid 1.1 0.0 2.9 2.3 3.2 0.5 Salmonellosis 42.8 53.8 48.6 48.7 85.0 48.4 Shigellosis 1.1 2.3 2.9 0.0 0.8 2.0 Typhoid 1.1 1.2 1.5 3.5 3.2 0.8 Total Enteric Diseases 162. 204. 184. 172.9 252.6 208.7 Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance2 Unit, Department7 1 of Health, 2012 * Rate per 100,000 for the 12 month period 12-Apr-2011 to 11-Apr-2012 calculated using ABS 2007 estimated resident population.
4.9.3 Sexually Transmissible Infections
“Sexually transmissible infections are those diseases in which an infectious agent is transmitted from an infected individual to a susceptible individual through body fluids during sexual contact; including vaginal intercourse, oral sex, and anal sex.” - Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit – Department of Health, Victorian Government.
Between April 2011 and 2012, the overall rate of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) in Wyndham and Maribyrnong was much higher than the Victorian average. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the highest rates of STIs, followed by Wyndham, while Melton had the lowest. See Table D21.
In 2011, across the North West Metropolitan Region (NWMR), females were more likely than males to have been reported as having chlamydia. Males were
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Population Health Data significantly more likely than females to have been reported as having gonococcal infection, syphilis (infectious or other). See Table D22.
Table D21: Sexually transmissible infection rates* by LGA, 2011 – 2012
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria
Chlamydia 343.5 334.6 408.1 326.1 476.8 381.4 Gonococcal Infection 49.0 38.6 92.8 29.0 50.2 39.9 Syphilis - infectious 4.5 7.0 11.8 4.6 5.7 6.2 Syphilis - other 13.0 11.7 38.3 5.8 16.2 10.7 Total STI rate 410.0 391.9 551.0 365.5 548.9 438.2 Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Department of Health, 2012 * Rate per 100,000 for the 12 month period 12-Apr-2011 to 11-Apr-2012 calculated using ABS 2007 estimated resident population.
Table D22: STI distribution by gender, NWMR, 2011 No of cases % of cases Chlamydia Female 3,240 54.6% Male 2,663 44.9% Not Stated 32 0.5% Total 5,935 100.0% Gonococcal Female 98 12.2% Infection Male 702 87.4% Not Stated 3 0.4% Total 803 100.0% Syphilis - Female 9 7.4% infectious Male 111 91.7% Not Stated 1 0.8% Total 121 100.0% Syphilis - Female 62 26.2% other Male 171 72.2% Not Stated 4 1.7% Total 237 100.0% Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Department of Health, 2012
4.9.4 Vaccine Preventable Diseases
“Vaccine Preventable Diseases are those diseases that can be prevented by vaccines included on the National Immunisation Program” - - Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit – Department of Health , Victorian Government.
Between April 2011 and 2012, the overall rate of vaccine preventable diseases was in Melton and Maribyrnong than the Victorian average. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton had the highest rate of vaccine preventable diseases and this rate was much higher than the Victorian average. Hobsons
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Population Health Data Bay had the lowest rate of vaccine preventable diseases within the catchment. See Table D23.
Table D23: Vaccine preventable disease rates* by LGA, 2011 – 2012
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria Influenza 60.3 80.7 104. 38.3 47.8 58.8 Invasive Pneumococcal Disease 3.4 4.7 10.36 7.0 9.7 8.4 Measles 0.6 1.2 0.0 0.0 2.4 0.5 Mumps 0.6 0.0 0.0 4.6 0.8 0.4 Pertussis 130. 77.2 89.9 236. 101. 138.3 Rubella 0.07 1.2 0.0 1.27 0.02 0.2 Varicella-zoster virus - 10.1 12.9 20.6 13.9 21.9 13.5 VaricellaChickenpox-zost er virus - Shingles 7.9 14.0 14.7 22.0 13.0 18.9 Varicella-zoster virus - 32.7 53.8 50.1 44.1 60.7 50.2 TotalUnspecified vaccine preventable disease 246. 245. 290. 367. 257. 289.3 Infectiousrate Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit,1 Department7 of 2Health, 20129 *4 Rate per 100,000 for the 12 month period 12-Apr-2011 to 11-Apr-2012 calculated using ABS 2007 estimated resident population.
4.10 Workplace Accidents
4.10.1 Injury claims by industry sector
Between July 2010 and June 2011, there were 3,436 Worksafe claims in the HealthWest catchment. Figures are based on the registered address of the employer and not the location of the injury or residence of the worker. As such, figures largely reflect the nature and size of industries located in the LGAs of the west.
Not including Melton, the highest proportion of injury claims in the HealthWest LGAs was in the manufacturing industry sector. The highest proportion of injury claims in Melton were in the construction industry sector.
Compared to the Victoria average, Brimbank had a higher proportion of injury claims in many sectors, particularly the manufacturing, construction and education and training sectors. Hobsons Bay had double the proportion of claims in the manufacturing sector, as well as comparatively high rates in the construction and transport, postal and warehousing sectors. Maribyrnong had a much higher proportion of manufacturing sector injuries, as well as in wholesale trade and the transport, postal and warehousing sectors. Melton had higher proportions of injury claims in sectors such as Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services; construction; retail trade; Transport, Postal and Warehousing; Education and Training; and Arts and Recreation. Wyndham had particularly
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Population Health Data higher proportions of injury claims in the Manufacturing; Wholesale trade; Retail trade; Transport, Postal and Warehousing.
Table D24 shows the data on Worksafe injury claims by industry.
Table D24: Worksafe Injury claims by industry by LGA, July 2010 – June
2011
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Metropolitan Melbourne Victoria % % % % % % % A Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 0 0 0 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.8 B Mining 0.7 0.1 0 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.5 C Manufacturing 21.4 44.4 30.9 10.5 23.7 20.5 20.5 D Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste 1 1.4 0.1 3.8 0.6 0.8 1 Services E Construction 13.6 13.1 8.8 18 7.6 12.7 12 F Wholesale Trade 6.7 6.8 9 5.3 15.6 7.9 6.7 G Retail Trade 5.5 2.5 3 7.5 6.7 5.4 5.4 H Accommodation and Food 1.7 1.1 0.5 2.3 1.3 2.8 2.9 Services I Transport, Postal and 8.5 15.3 16.6 5.3 17.1 7.5 7.3 Warehousing J Information Media and 0.3 0 0.7 0 0.1 0.8 0.6 Telecommunications K Financial and Insurance Services 0.1 0.2 0 0 0.2 0.9 0.8 L Rental, Hiring and Real Estate 1.3 0.5 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.2 1 Services M Professional, Scientific & 2.6 1.1 1.8 0 1 3.1 2.7 Technical Services N Administrative and Support 3.8 0.8 3.2 1.5 1.6 4.3 3.9 Services O Public Administration and Safety 6.8 4.4 3.8 6 7.9 6.8 7 P Education and Training 9.9 1.8 5.1 15.8 5.4 6.4 6.5 Q Health Care and Social Assistance 12.6 3.2 11.5 12 6 12.4 13.8 R Arts and Recreation Services 1.7 1.1 0.9 7.5 1.1 2.9 2.9 S Other Services 1.6 2.5 2.9 1.5 1.5 3 2.7 Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Total claims* 704 856 758 133 985 22,204 29,54 9 Worksafe Victoria, commissioned data April 2012 *standardised claims reported 31 August 2011
4.10.2 Injury claims by mechanism of injury
Between July 2010 and June 2011, the most common mechanism of injury for worksafe claims in all HealthWest LGAS was for body stressing.
Compared to Victoria:
Brimbank had a higher proportion of injury claims that were for being hit by moving objects and for sound and pressure.
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Population Health Data
Hobsons Bay had a higher proportion of injury claims that were for sound and pressure, body stressing and other mechanisms of injuries.
Maribyrnong had a higher proportion of injury claims that were for being hit by a moving object; sound and pressure; chemicals and substances; heat, radiation and electricity and for vehicle accidents.
Melton had a higher proportion of injury claims that were for hitting objects; and exposure to mental stress factors.
Wyndham had a higher proportion of injury claims that were for body stressing and vehicle accidents.
Table D25 shows data on Worksafe injury claimrs by mechanism of injury.
Table D25: Worksafe Injury claims by mechanism of injury by LGA, July 2010 – June 2011
Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Metropolitan Melbourne Victoria % % % % % % % Falls, Trips and Slips 18.8 14.3 16 17.3 17.6 18.8 19.1 Hitting Objects 4.1 3 4.1 4.5 3.9 4.1 4.1 Being Hit by Moving Object 14.9 11 12.9 15 12.3 12.5 12.5 Sound and Pressure 8.5 10 9.5 4.5 4.3 6.6 5.8 Body Stressing 38.4 50.1 41.3 37.6 46.9 42.5 41.5 Chemicals and Substances 0.7 0.6 1.8 0 0.6 0.7 0.8 Heat, Radiation and 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 0.4 0.7 0.8 ExposureElectricity to Mental Stress 9.1 4.7 8.3 17.3 8.4 9.3 10.1 VehicleFactors Accident 3.1 2.6 3.6 1.5 3.2 2.9 3 Other Mechanism 1.7 2.9 1.6 2.3 2.4 1.9 2.4 Total % 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Total claims* 704 856 758 133 985 22,204 29,549 Worksafe Victoria, commissioned data April 2012 *standardised claims reported 31 August 2011
4.11 Road accidents
4.11.1 Fatalities
In 2010, fourteen people were killed in road accidents in the HealthWest catchment. Passengers and drivers made up the greatest number of fatalities, followed by bicyclists. Melton had the highest number of deaths. Across the HealthWest catchment, there was a higher proportion of fatalities for bicyclists, motorcyclists and for passengers, compared to Victorian average figures. See Table D26.
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Population Health Data Table D26: Road accident fatalities by LGA, 2010 LGA Bicyclist Driver Motorcyclist Passenger Pedestrian Total Brimbank 0% 0% 0% 2 100% 0% 2 Hobsons 1 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1 MaribyrnongBay 1 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1 Melton 1 17% 3 50% 1 17% 1 17% 0% 6 Wyndham 0 0% 1 25% 2 50% 1 25% 0 0% 4 Total 3 21% 4 29% 3 21% 4 29% 0 0% 14 HealthWest catchment
Victoria 8 3% 130 45% 49 17% 62 22% 39 14% 288 Municipal statistics, TAC, accessed March 2012
4.11.2 Serious Injuries
In 2008, 686 people were seriously injured in road accidents in the HealthWest catchment. Drivers made up the greatest proportion of serious injuries, followed by passengers. Across the catchment, the proportion of road accident serious injuries that were for drivers, passengers and pedestrians were slightly higher than Victorian average figures. However, within the catchment, notable deviations form Victorian averages included: Brimbank’s high proportion of serious injuries that were for pedestrians and Hobson Bay’s high proportion of serious injuries that were for bicyclists. See Table D27.
Table D27: Road accident serious injuries by LGA, 2008 LGA Bicyclist Driver Motor- Passenger Pedestrian Unknown Total cyclist No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % Brimbank 8 3 122 51 31 13 53 22 26 11 1 0 241 Hobsons Bay 10 11 44 49 10 11 17 19 8 9 0 89
Maribyrnong 9 8 48 41 16 14 19 16 25 21 0 117 Melton 3 3 45 45 16 16 24 24 11 11 0 99 Wyndham 3 2 70 50 17 12 41 29 9 6 0 140 Total 33 5 329 48 90 13 154 22 79 12 1 0 686 HealthWest catchment Victoria 465 7 3,074 46 1,044 16 1,325 20 704 11 2 0 6,614
Municipal statistics, TAC, accessed March 2012
4.11.3 Avoidable deaths from road traffic accident injuries
Between 2003 and 2007, HealthWest catchment LGAs all had a lower average annual rate of avoidable deaths from road traffic injuries than the Victorian average. Within the catchment, Hobsons Bay had the highest rate and Maribyrnong had the lowest rate. See Table D28.
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Population Health Data Table D28: Deaths from road traffic injuries (0-74 yrs) by LGA, 2003 – 2007 LGA No. Rate* Brimbank 40 4.7 Hobsons Bay 20 5.1 Maribyrnong 11 3.4 Melton 13 3.5 Wyndham 26 4.9 Victoria 1,483 6.2 Public Health Information Development Unit, 2010 *average annual rate per 100,000
4.12 Disability
Table D2 below shows the level of assistance for core activities needed for people who have a profound or severe disability. The data indicates that there are a higher percentage of people in Brimbank, Maribyrnong and Hobsons Bay that have a profound or server disability and need assistance than the Victoria average. In comparison, Wyndham and Melton have a higher than Victorian percentage of people with a profound or server disability than do not require assistance for core activities. See Table D29.
Table D29: Percentage of people with a profound or severe disability and level of assistance needed for core activity. Brimbank Hobsons Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria Bay Need for Assistance 4.9 4.4 4.7 3.4 3.4 4.2 No Need for 88.4 89.4 86.8 90.3 90.5 89.8 Assistance Need for Assistance 6.7 6.2 8.2 6.2 6.4 6 Not Stated Census Basic Community Profile, ABS, 2006
4.13 Self-reported health status
Compared with the Victorian average, a lower proportion of both males and females in the NWMR reported their health as excellent or very good. A higher proportion of males and females in NWMR reported their health as fair/poor compared with the Victorian average. See Table D30.
Table D30: Self reported health by sex, for NWMR and Victoria, 2008
Region Excellent/very Good Fair/Poor good % % % Males NWMR 36.5 43.1 20.4 Victoria 41.4 39.2 19.2 Females NWMR 42.2 37.2 20.3 Victoria 45.9 36.4 17.5 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
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Population Health Data
In all the LGAs of the HealthWest catchment, a lower proportion of respondents reported their health ‘excellent/very good’ compared with the Victorian average. A higher proportion of respondents in Brimbank, Hobsons Bay, Maribrynong and Melton reported their health as ‘fair/poor’ when compared with the Victorian average. See Table D31.
Table D31: Self reported health by LGA, 2008 LGA/Region Excellent/very good Good Fair/Poor % % % Brimbank 29.3 48.0 22.4 Hobsons Bay 39.5 39.3 21.2 Maribyrnong 35.5 44.9 19.6 Melton 28.6 45.5 25.8 Wyndham 34.7 46.2 19.1 Victoria 41.4 39.2 19.2 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
4.14 Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions
Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSCs) are conditions for which hospitalisation is thought to be avoidable through preventative care and early disease management. Data on ACSCs provide information about the potentially avoidable hospitalisations.
Note that a range of factors, including disease prevalence in a community, personal choices, socio-economic factors and hospital admission and coding practices can also influence ACSC rates.
In 2009/10, compared to the Victorian averages, all LGAs in the HealthWest catchment had a higher rate of total ACSC admissions and chronic ACSC admissions. Within the catchment, Wyndham had the highest rate of admissions for total ACSCs and for chronic ACSCs.
Compared to Victoria, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham also had higher rates of admissions for actue ACSCs, while Brimbank, Hobsons Bay and Maribyrnong had higher rates of vaccine preventable ACSCs. Within the catchment, Melton had the highest rate of admission for acute ACSCs and Brimbank had the highest rate of admissions for vaccine preventable ACSCs.
Table D32 shows data on ACSC admission rates.
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Population Health Data
Table D32: ACSC Total Admission Rates by LGA, 2009/10
Melton
Victoria
Brimbank
Wyndham
Maribyrnong Hobsons Bay Total ACSCs 37.15 32.80 36.00 37.44 38.16 32.77 Acute ACSCs 12.28 12.78 13.25 14.25 13.67 13.14 Chronic 24.22 19.80 22.14 23.19 24.51 19.38 ACSCs Vaccine 1.34 0.75 1.15 0.66 0.68 0.73 Preventable ACSCs Victorian Health Information Surveillance System # Age standardised to Victorian population 2006 * Rate per 1,000 person
In 2009/10, for all HealthWest catchment LGAs, the most common ACSC admission was diabetes complications and all LGAs had a higher rate of admissions compared to the Victorian average. Within the catchment, Brimbank had the highest rate of admissions for diabetes complications, followed by Wyndham. In Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham, the second most common ACSC admission was for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and, again, rates for this condition were generally higher than the state average. Within the catchment, Melton had the highest rate.
In Hobsons Bay, the second most common ACSC admission was for dental conditions; while in Brimbank, the second most common ACSC admission was for congestive cardiac failure. Admission rates for dental conditions, for all HealthWest LGAs, were lower than the Victorian average; however, rates for congestive cardiac failure were higher, in all HealthWest LGAs, than the Victorian average.
In Brimbank, rates for pyelonephritis, asthma, iron deficiency anaemia, angina and dehydration and gastroenteritis were also higher than the state average. Rates were also higher in: Hobsons Bay for iron deficiency anaemia; Maribyrnong for asthma, dehydration and gastroenteritis, iron deficiency anaemia and epilepsy; Melton for pyelonephritis, iron deficiency anaemia, asthma, dehydration and gastroenteritis and epilepsy; and in Wyndham for pyelonephritis, iron deficiency anaemia, asthma, cellulitis and angina.
Table D33 shows data for the top ten ACSC admissions.
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Population Health Data
Table D33: Top ten ACSC admissions and standardised# admission rates by LGA for 2009/10 (ranked for each location) Brimbank Hobsons Bay Maribyrnong Melton Wyndham Victoria ACSC Rate* ACSC Rate ACSC Rate ACSC Rate ACSC Rate* ACSC Rate* * * * Diabetes 16.21 Diabetes 12.06 Diabetes 14.16 Diabetes 14.74 Diabetes 15.76 Diabetes 11.42 complications complications complications complications complications complications Congestive 3.30 Dental 2.82 Chronic Obstr. 2.84 Chronic Obstr. 3.21 Chronic Obstr. 3.07 Dental 3.03 cardiac failure conditions Pulm. Dis. Pulm. Dis. Pulm. Dis. conditions (COPD) (COPD) (COPD) Pyelonephritis 2.65 Congestive 2.70 Pyelonephritis 2.54 Dental 2.81 Congestive 2.86 COPD 2.61 cardiac failure conditions cardiac failure Dental 2.30 Chronic 2.63 Asthma 2.39 Pyelonephritis 2.80 Pyelonephritis 2.83 Pyelonephritis 2.55 conditions Obstr. Pulm. Dis. (COPD) Chronic Obstr. 2.17 Pyelonephritis 2.37 Congestive 2.37 Congestive 2.47 Dental 2.59 Cong. cardiac 2.29 Pulm. Dis. cardiac failure cardiac failure conditions failure (COPD) Asthma 2.12 Iron 1.99 Dental 2.24 Iron deficiency 2.33 Iron deficiency 2.29 Asthma 1.80 deficiency conditions anaemia anaemia anaemia Iron defic. 1.87 Convulsions & 1.67 Dehydrt’n & 2.06 Asthma 1.87 Asthma 2.05 Cellulitis 1.73 anaemia epilepsy gastro. Angina 1.44 Asthma 1.57 Iron deficiency 1.75 Cellulitis 1.65 Cellulitis 1.88 Iron deficiency 1.68 anaemia anaemia Cellulitis 1.35 Cellulitis 1.51 Cellulitis 1.66 Dehydrati& 1.46 Angina 1.53 Angina 1.52 gastroenteritis Dehydration 1.25 Angina 1.27 Convulsions 1.39 Convulsions 1.39 Ear, nose and 1.48 Convulsions 1.38 and and epilepsy and epilepsy throat and epilepsy gastroenteritis infections
Victorian Health Information Surveillance System # Age standardised to Victorian population 2006 * Rate per 1,000 person
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Population Health Data
4.15 Health Behaviours
4.15.1 Smoking
In 2008, across the North and West Metropolitan Region (NWMR), males were more likely to be current smokers than females. Males from the NWMR were more likely than the Victorian average to be current smokers and females were slightly less likely.
Brimbank, Melton and Wyndham populations were more likely to be current smokers than the Victorian average. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton residents were most likely to be current smokers, followed by Wyndham; while Hobsons Bay residents were least likely. Tables D34 and D35 show data for smoking status.
Table D34: Smoking status by sex for NWMR and Victoria, 2008
Region Current smoker Ex-smoker Non-smoker
% % % Males NWMR 23.1 27.5 49.2 Victoria 21.4 27.6 50.7 Females NWMR 16.8 18.5 64.3 Victoria 16.9 20.4 62.4 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
Table D35: Smoking Status by LGA, 2008
LGA/Region Current smoker Ex-smoker Non-smoker
% % % Brimbank 22.0 19.6 58.0 Hobsons Bay 18.0 25.1 56.8 Maribyrnong 20.1 24.1 55.4 Melton 24.2 22.1 53.7 Wyndham 23.1 21.6 55.2 NWMR 20.0 22.6 57.2 Victoria 19.1 23.8 56.8 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
Between 2002 and 2005, compared to the Victorian average, Brimbank, Hobsons Bay, Melton and Wyndham had a higher percentage of avoidable deaths caused by smoking. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton had the highest percentage, followed by Wyndham; while Maribyrnong had the lowest percentage. See Table D36.
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Population Health Data
Table D36: Annual percent of avoidable deaths caused by smoking, 2002-2005 LGA % Brimbank 12.8 Hobsons Bay 12.6 Maribyrnong 11.7 Melton 13.5 Wyndham 13.1 Victoria 11.9 The Big Kill, Cancer Council Victoria, 2008
4.15.2 Nutrition
Vegetable consumption
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average figures, NWMR males were slightly less likely to have consumed 1 or more serves of vegetables per day and were more likely to have consumed no vegetables at all per day. NWMR females were less likely to have consumed 3 or more serves of vegetables per day and more likely to have consumed 1 – 2 serves or no vegetables at all per day.
Overall, females were likely than males (in NWRM and Victoria) to have consumed 3 or more serves of vegetables per day.
Tables D37 and D38 shows data for vegetable consumption.
Table D37: Daily vegetable consumption by sex for NWMR and Victoria, 2008 Serves per day None 1-2 serves 3-4 serves 5 or more % % % % Males NWMR 7.8 64.3 21.1 4.8 Victoria 6.8 64.5 22.2 4.9 Females NWMR 5.7 53.7 30.4 8.3 Victoria 4.7 49.6 33.9 10.5 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
Serves per day None 1-2 serves 3-4 services 5 or more % % % % Brimbank 7.5 62 22.4 6.3 Hobsons Bay 5.1 65.0 22.7 6.5 Maribyrnong 8.9 59.5 23.2 6.5 Melton 7.2 61.9 23.1 6.5 Wyndham 7.3 57.5 28.8 5.0 NWMR 6.7 59.1 25.8 6.5 Victoria 5.8 56.9 28.2 7.7
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Population Health Data Fruit consumption
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average figures, NWMR resident were more likely to have consumed two or more serves of fruit per day and less likely to have consumed one serve or no serves of fruit. Overall, females were likely than males (in the NWMR and Victoria) to have consumed two or more serves of fruit per day.
Within the HealthWest catchment, compared to Victoria, residents of Brimbank and Hobsons Bay had a higher proportion of population that consumed more than two serves of fruit per day. Within the catchment, Brimbank had the highest proportion of population that had consumed more than two serves of fruit per day and Wyndham had the lowest.
Compared to Victoria, residents of Wyndham, Maribyrnong and Melton were more likely to consume no serves of fruit per day. Within the catchment, Wyndham had the highest proportion of population that had consumed no serves of fruit per day.
Tables D38 and D39 show data for fruit consumption.
Table D38: Daily fruit consumption, by sex for NWMR and Victoria, 2008 No serves per day One serve per day Two or more serves per day % % % Males NWMR 17.7 38.0 43.3 Victoria 17.9 38.8 42.3 Females NWMR 11.0 33.0 55.0 Victoria 10.8 33.8 54.6 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
Table D39: Daily Fruit consumption by LGA, 2008 No serves per day 1 Serve per day 2 or more serves per day % % % Brimbank 12.5 32.4 53.4 Hobsons Bay 13.9 34.5 50.6 Maribyrnong 18.0 38.5 42.7 Melton 17.9 39.9 41.9 Wyndham 19.6 39.7 39.4 NWMR 14.3 35.4 49.2 Victoria 14.3 36.1 48.6 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
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Population Health Data
4.14.3 Alcohol & Other Drugs
Short-term and Long-term risk of alcohol related harm
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average figures, NWMR residents were less likely to have risky or high risk patterns of alcohol consumption leading to short term or long term health risk. NWMR residents were also more likely to be abstainers, particularly females.
Overall, females were more likely than males (in NWMR and across Victoria) to be abstainers, and less likely to consume alcohol at levels risking short or long term health risk.
Table D40 shows data for short and long term risk of alcohol related harm.
Table D40: Short-term and Long-term risk of alcohol related harm by sex, for NWMR and Victoria, 2008
Risky or high risk pattern of alcohol consumption leading to … Abstainer Short-term risk Long term risk % % % Males NWMR 14.7 50.4 3.7 Victorian 12.6 53.7 4.3 Females NWMR 29.8 31.9 2.7 Victorian 23 37.2 3.1 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
Alcohol Related Harm
Between 2002 and 2004, compared to the Victorian average, Maribyrnong had a higher rate of different alcohol related problems and also largely had the highest rates amongst the HealthWest catchment LGAs. Within the catchment, Hobsons Bay had the highest rate of alcohol related family incidents and Brimbank had the highest rate of alcohol related serious road injuries. See Table D41.
Table D41: Rates of alcohol related problems by LGA LGA Assaults Family Serious Medical External (2002/04) incidents road hospital cause (2002/04) injuries admissions hospital (2002/04) (2003/04) admissions (2003/04) Brimbank 7.4 12.0 4.1 19.6 16.8 Hobsons Bay 9.7 20.3 3.0 23.3 14.6 Maribyrnong 10.9 19.6 3.8 39.1 24.6 Melton 10.6 10.4 3.3 10.3 14.6 Wyndham 7.1 12.3 3.6 13.4 12.7 Victoria 9.7 15.8 3.4 26.9 16.1 The Victorian Alcohol Statistics Handbook Volume 7: A summary of alcohol-related harm for Victorian Local Government Areas 2005, Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre 2005 HealthWest Partnership Page 85 of 100
Population Health Data
Alcohol related ambulance attendances
In 2009-10, there was a total of 730 alcohol related ambulance attendances in the HealthWest catchment. This figure was a decrease of 97 attendances from 2008-09. Within the HealthWest catchment, Brimbank had the highest number of alcohol related ambulance attendances, closely followed by Maribyrnong. Melton had the lowest number of attendances. See Table D42.
Table D42: Alcohol related ambulance attendances 2008-09 and 2009- 10 LGA No. of alcohol related ambulance attendances 2008-09 2009-10 Brimbank 253 193 Hobsons Bay 140 110 Maribyrnong 202 190 Melton 103 92 Wyndham 129 145 HealthWest catchment 827 730 Source: Lloyd B. 2011. Trends in alcohol and drug related ambulance attendances in Melbourne: 2009/10. Fitzroy, Victoria: Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre
Avoidable deaths caused by alcohol
Between 2002 and 2005, compared to Victoria, all HealthWest catchment LGAs had a higher estimated percentage of avoidable deaths caused by alcohol. Within the HealthWest catchment, Melton had the highest percentage, followed by Wyndham; while Brimbank had the lowest percentage. See Table D43.
Table D43: Annual proportion of avoidable deaths caused by alcohol by LGA, 2002-05 % of avoidable deaths caused by alcohol Brimbank 2.3 Hobsons Bay 2.8 Maribyrnong 3.1 Melton 3.5 Wyndham 3.2 Victoria 2.4 The Big Kill, Cancer Council Victoria, 2008
Illicit drugs
Heroin related ambulance attendances
In 2009-10, there was 456 heroin related ambulance attendances in the HealthWest catchment. Maribyrnong had the highest number of attendances, followed by Brimbank.
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Population Health Data
Between 2008-09 and 2009-10, there was an increase of 61 heroin related ambulance attendances in the HealthWest catchment and this represented a 15.4% increase. Within the catchment, Melton increased by the highest proportion and Brimbank increased by the highest number.
Table D44 shows data for heroin related ambulance attendances.
Table D44: Heroin related ambulance attendances, 2008-09 / 2009-10 Number of attendances 2008-09 2008-09 2008-09 2009-10 2009-10 2009-10 change % change Brimbank 128 169 41 32.0% Hobsons Bay 36 31 -5 -13.9% Maribyrnong 174 198 24 13.8% Melton 20 36 16 80.0% Wyndham 37 22 -15 -40.5% HealthWest 395 456 61 15.4% Catchment Source: Lloyd B, 2011. Trends in alcohol and drug related ambulance attendances in Melbourne: 2009/10. Fitzroy, Victoria: Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre
All drug related ambulance attendances
In 2009-10, there was 2,794 drug related ambulance attendances in the HWP region. Within the HealthWest catchment, Brimbank had the highest number of attendances, followed by Maribyrnong.
Between 2008-09 and 2009-10, there was an increase of 214 drug related ambulance attendances in the HWP region and this represented a 8.3% increase. Within the catchment, Melton increased by the highest proportion and Brimbank increased by the highest number.
Table D45 shows data for all drug related ambulance attendances.
Table D45: All drug related ambulance attendances 2008-09 and 2009- 10 Number of attendances 2008-09 2008-09 2008-09 2009-10 2009-10 2009-10 change % change Brimbank 724 821 97 13.4% Hobsons Bay 388 392 4 1.0% Maribyrnong 639 641 2 0.3% Melton 368 431 63 17.1% Wyndham 461 509 48 10.4% HealthWest 2,580 2,794 214 8.3% Catchment Source: Lloyd B, 2011. Trends in alcohol and drug related ambulance attendances in Melbourne: 2009/10. Fitzroy, Victoria: Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre HealthWest Partnership Page 87 of 100
Population Health Data 4.15.4 Physical Activity
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average figures, NWMR males and females were more likely to be sedentary (zero physical activity level) or to have insufficient time and/or sessions of physical activity. Females from the region were more likely to sedentary and males were more likely to have had insufficient time and/or sessions of physical activity.
At the LGA level, in 2008, Brimbank, Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham all had higher rates of population that were sedentary. Within the HealthWest catchment, Brimbank had the highest proportion, followed by Maribyrnong.
Brimbank, Melton, Hobsons Bay and Wyndham all had higher rates of population that had insufficient time and/or sessions of physical activity, compared to Victoria. Within the HealthWest catchment, Brimbank had the highest proportion, followed by Hobsons Bay.
In 2008, all HealthWest LGA populations had a lower rate of population that had sufficient time and/or sessions of physical activity, compared to Victoria. Within catchment, Brimbank had the lowest proportion, followed by Melton.
Tables D46 and 47 show data on levels of physical activity.
Table D46: Levels of physical activity, NWMR, 2008 Physical activity levels Sedentary Insufficient time Sufficient time and/or sessions and sessions % % % Males NWMR 6.1 29.0 59.1 Victorian 5.1 27.5 61.0 Females NWMR 6.8 28.3 56.3 Victorian 5.4 27.2 59.7 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
Table D47: Levels of physical activity, by LGA, 2008 Physical activity levels Sedentary Insufficient time Sufficient time and/or sessions and sessions % % % Brimbank 11.4 31.3 48.3 Hobsons Bay 5.2 30.8 57.3 Maribyrnong 9.9 25.9 58.1 Melton 7.0 29.2 56.3 Wyndham 5.7 28.7 57.7 NWMR 6.5 28.6 57.5 Victorian 5.3 27.4 60.3 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008 HealthWest Partnership Page 88 of 100
Population Health Data 4.14.5 Obesity
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average figures, NWMR males and females were more likely to be obese, while NWMR females were also more likely to be overweight. Females from the region were less likely to be obese or overweight compared to males.
At the LGA level, in 2008, males from Brimbank, Hobsons Bay, Maribyrnong and Melton were all more likely to be overweight compared to the Victorian average for males. Males from Brimbank, Hobsons Bay, Melton and Wyndham, compared to Victoria, were also more likely to be obese. Within the HealthWest catchment, males from Hobsons Bay, followed by Melton, were most likely to be overweight; while males from Wyndham, followed by Brimbank, were most likely to be obese.
Compared to Victoria, in 2008, females from Hobsons Bay, Melton and Wyndham were more likely to be overweight; while females from Brimbank, Melton and Wyndham were more likely to be obese. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham, followed by Hobsons Bay, had the highest rate of overweight female population; while Melton, followed by Wyndham, had the highest rate of obese female population.
In 2008, compared to Victoria, Wyndham, Melton and Brimbank all had a higher proportion of male population that reported a BMI indicating they were obese; while Melton had a higher proportion of female population that reported a BMI indicating they were obese.
Tables D48 and 49 show data on body weight status.
Table D48: Body weight status measured by Body Mass Index, North & West Metropolitan Region, 2008 Body Mass Index Underweight Normal Overweight Obese (<18.5) (18.5 - 24.9) (25.0 - 29.9) (>30.0) % % % % Males NWMR 0.7 38.4 38.9 18.9 Victorian 0.9 38.6 39.9 17.3 Females NWMR 3.6 46.8 24.8 16.2 Victorian 3.6 48.1 24.2 16.1 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
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Population Health Data Table D49: Overweight and obese persons, by gender and LGA Males Females Overweight Obese Overweight Obese (25.0-29.9) (>30.0) (25.0 - 29.9) (>30.0) % % % % Brimbank 40.0 23.3 22.9 18.4 Hobsons Bay 52.5 18.0 28.2 13.7 Maribyrnong 42.9 13.0 22.1 10.2 Melton 43.9 22.5 24.9 24.5 Wyndham 34.4 23.9 28.9 18.9 Victoria 39.9 17.3 24.2 16.1 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
4.15.6 Sun protective behaviour
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average figures, residents of Brimbank, Maribyrnong and Melton were less likely to usually wear a hat, sunglasses or both while out in the sun. Hobsons Bay residents were less likely to usually wear sunglasses or both a hat and sunglasses while out in the sun. Wyndham residents were less likely to usually wear a hat while out in the sun. Within the HealthWest catchment, Brimbank residents were least likely to wear a hat or sunglasses while out in the sun and Melton resident were least likely to wear both at once. See Table D50.
Table D50: Sun protective behaviour, 18 years and over, 2008 LGA Usually Usually wears Usually wears Wears neither hat wears a hat** sunglasses** hat & sunglasses nor sun-glasses
Brimbank 45.4 66.2 34.7 22.6 Hobsons 56.6 68.6 40.4 15.0 MaribyrnongBay 49.8 68.6 35.6 17.2 Melton 45.9 72.9 34.3 15.4 Wyndham 51.9 75.7 41.5 13.8 N&WMR 49.4 70.7 Na na Victoria 52.6 74.0 41.0 14.1 Victorian Population Health Survey 2008 ** when out in the sun NA = data not available
4.16 Health Screening and Checks
4.16.1 Bowel Cancer Screening
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average, Brimbank, Hobsons Bay, Maribyrnong and Melton had a lower percentage of population that reported having a bowel cancer test in the past two years. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the lowest participation rate, followed by Hobsons Bay. Wyndham had the highest participation rate. See Table D51.
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Population Health Data Table D51: Test to detect bowel cancer in the past two years (a),(b), by LGA, 2008 LGA % of population
Brimbank 28.3 Hobsons Bay 23.9 Maribyrnong 20.5 Melton 25.8 Wyndham 33.4 N&WMR 28.3 Victoria 29.4 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008 (a) Only respondents aged 50 years and over were asked whether they had had a test for bowel cancer in the past two years. (b) Based on persons for whom a bowel examination to detect bowel cancer was applicable at the time of the survey.
4.16.2 Cervical Cancer Screening
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average, Brimbank and Wyndham had a lower percentage of female population aged 20 to 69 years that reported having a pap smear in the past two years. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham had the lowest participation rate, followed by Brimbank. Hobsons Bay had the highest participation rate. See Table D52.
Table D52: Had a Pap smear in the past two years(a), females aged 20 – 69 years, 2008 LGA % of population
Brimbank 69.6 Hobsons Bay 75.8 Maribyrnong 71.6 Melton 72.2 Wyndham 64.3 N&WMR 69.5 Victoria 71.1 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008 (a) Female survey participants were able to select 'not applicable' as a response to this question. They have been excluded from the denominator when calculating estimates.
4.16.3 Breast Cancer Screening
In 2008, compared to the Victorian average, Maribyrnong and Wyndham had a lower percentage of female population aged 50 to 69 years that reported having a mammogram in the past two years. Within the HealthWest catchment, Wyndham had the lowest participation rate, followed by Maribyrnong. Brimbank had the highest participation rate. See Table D53.
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Population Health Data Table D53: Had a mammogram in the past two years(a), females aged 50 – 69 years, 2008 LGA % of population
Brimbank 81.6 Hobsons Bay 77.7 Maribyrnong 69.5 Melton 78.7 Wyndham 69.4 N&WMR 75.8 Victoria 75.9 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008 (a) Female survey participants were able to select 'not applicable' as a response to this question. They have been excluded from the denominator when calculating estimates
4.16.4 Other Health Checks
Blood Pressure
In 2008, compared to Victoria, a lower proportion of Brimbank, Maribyrnong and Wyndham population aged 18 – 49 years and a lower proportion of Hobsons Bay population aged 50 years and over, had had a blood pressure check in the last two years. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the lowest proportion of population aged 18 – 49 years that had had a blood pressure check in the last two years and Hobsons Bay had the lowest proportion of population aged 50 years and over that had had a blood pressure check in the last two years.
Cholesterol
In 2008, compared to Victoria, a lower proportion of Wyndham population aged 18 – 49 years and a lower proportion of Hobsons Bay population aged 50 years and over had had a cholesterol check in the last two years.
Blood Glucose
In 2008, compared to Victoria, a lower proportion of Maribyrnong, Melton and Wyndham population aged 18 to 49 years had had a blood glucose check in the last two years. Within the HealthWest catchment, Maribyrnong had the lowest proportion of population in this age group that had a blood glucose check in the last two years. All HealthWest catchment LGA populations, compared to the Victorian average, had a higher proportion of population aged 50 years and over that had had a blood glucose check in the last two years.
Table D54 shows data on self reported health checks.
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Population Health Data Table D54: Self reported health checks in last two years, 2008 LGA Blood pressure Cholesterol Blood glucose 18 – 49 ≥ 50 18 – 49 ≥ 50 yrs 18 – 49 ≥ 50 yrs yrs years yrs yrs Brimbank 67.1 95.8 50.6 90.5 49.3 84.9 Hobsons Bay 76.4 93.0 42.7 80.2 44.2 73.9 Maribyrnong 64.7 95.9 40.5 82.9 35.4 76.0 Melton 73.1 94.6 44.9 86.7 38.6 76.6 Wyndham 67.0 94.9 38.9 85.6 36.9 75.1 N&WMR 71.6 94.2 42.2 85.9 40.2 75.7 Victoria 70.6 93.1 39.7 81.9 39.1 72.1 Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008
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Population Health Data
Data Sources
Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) www.abs.gov.au
All Census data presented in this document is based on Census collected in 2006. Census 2011 data is due to be released in 2012.
Census data is displayed based upon your selected location and topic of interest, and can be viewed in different formats including thematic maps or tables. You can search for data based primarily on your selected location or topic, or you can go straight to one of the online tools to access data in the format you need:
QuickStats - provide a summary of key Census data relating to persons, families and dwellings. QuickStats cover general topics about your chosen location and include Australian data to allow comparison.
Community Profiles - are available as six distinct profiles of key Census characteristics relating to persons, families and dwellings, and covering most topics on the Census form for your chosen location.
National Regional Profiles - presents a standard set of data for a range of geographies. http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/nrpmaps.nsf/NEW+GmapPages/nation al+regional+profile
Australian Childhood Immunisation Register
The Australian Childhood Immunisation Register is a national register that records vaccinations given to children under seven years of age. http://www.humanservices.gov.au/customer/services/medicare/australian- childhood-immunisation-register
Better Health Plan for the West
Better Health Plan for the West is a planning document that was developed in 2011-2012 for a partnership of organisations in the western metropolitan region of Melbourne. As part of the evidence based approach to planning, health conditions data was collated and presented. Please contact HealthWest Partnership directly for more information about the data sourced from Better Health Plan for the West.
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Population Health Data Cancer Council Victoria (CCV)
Cancer Council Victoria holds statistics (including at the LGA level) on cancer incidence based on all cancers diagnosed on the Victorian Cancer Registry. http://www.cancervic.org.au/about-our-research/registry-statistics
The Big Kill - a collection of data released by The Cancer Council Victoria in September 2008 showing the level of deaths caused by smoking in every local government area across the state. www.quit.org.au/thebigkill
Community Indicators Victoria (CIV)
Data for the Community Indicators Victoria framework comes from a range of sources. These include the Australian Bureau of Statistics, existing administrative data from the Victorian Government, and the new state wide Community Indicators Victoria Survey (2007). Existing administrative data sources include Victorian Government departments such as the Department of Victorian Communities, the Department of Human Services, and the Department of Sustainability and Environment.
Community Indicators Victoria Survey 2007
A new data set has also been developed from the Community Indicators Victoria Survey (2007), which surveyed approximately 24,000 Victorians involving 300 residents in all 79 local government areas across Victoria. A weighting system has been used in the analysis of this statistically relevant sample of residents to correct any potential bias. This ensures that Councils and community members can have confidence in the results. The Survey was developed by the Community Indicators Victoria team in consultation with key stakeholders and was specifically designed to fill the gaps between existing administrative data sources and the need for new measures of community wellbeing. www.communityindicators.net.au
Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD)
Community Profiles Series - The Community Profile series have been produced to provide local level information on the health, learning, safety, development and wellbeing of Victorian children and young people and include:
Adolescent Community Profiles - provide local area information on 58 indicators of adolescent health, development, learning, safety and wellbeing for young people aged 10-17 years. Compiled for the 79 local government areas within Victoria and for the 9 Departmental regions Early Childhood Community Profiles - provide local area information on 41 indicators of child health, development, learning, safety and wellbeing for children 0-8 years. Compiled for the 79 local government areas within Victoria and for the 9 Departmental regions HealthWest Partnership Page 95 of 100
Population Health Data Aboriginal Early Childhood Community Profiles - Provides local area information on 12 indicators of child health, development, learning, safety and wellbeing for Aboriginal children 0-8 years. Compiled for 30 local government areas within Victorian with large population of Aboriginal children aged 0-8 years and for the 9 Departmental regions http://www.education.vic.gov.au/about/directions/children/vcams/communitypr ofile.htm
Department of Health (DH) www.health.vic.gov.au is a gateway to information relating to the provision of health services in Victoria.
Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit - conducts surveillance on infectious diseases to pinpoint outbreaks and to prevent the spread of infection based on notifications of conditions from medical practitioners and laboratories. http://ideas.health.vic.gov.au/
Victorian Health Information Surveillance System (VHISS) - an interactive website displaying public health indicators, including: Burden of Disease; Avoidable Mortality; and Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions. http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/interactive/vhiss.htm
Victorian Population Health Survey, 2008 - an important component of the population health surveillance capacity of the Department of Health. The annual survey series is an ongoing source of high quality information on the health of Victorians. Information in the report is presented on health and lifestyle, including physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, intake of fruit and vegetables, selected health screening, adult obesity, asthma and diabetes prevalence, psychological distress and social networks.
The aim of this report is to provide high quality, timely indicators of population health that are intended to have direct application to evidence-based policy development and strategic planning across the department and the wider community. The Victorian Population Health Survey is based on a core set of question modules that are critical to informing decisions about public health priorities. It fills a significant void in the accessible data that are required to ensure public health programs are relevant and responsive to current and emerging health issues. http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/survey/vphs.htm
Department of Human Services (DHS)
Public housing waiting and transfer list - provides the most recent quarterly indicative waiting list statistics by area. Also included is the transfer list which includes people who are currently living in public housing but have applied to transfer to a new public property.
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Population Health Data Waiting figures in these documents are estimates only. The figures can vary within a given quarter, depending on the number of people finding or applying for housing. The list may also include people who are in or have recently located suitable accommodation but have not yet notified the Office of Housing. http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/about-the-department/documents-and- resources/research,-data-and-statistics/public-housing-waiting-and-transfer-list
Rental Reports - provide key statistics on the private rental market in Victoria. http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/about-the-department/documents-and- resources/research,-data-and-statistics/current-rental-report
Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC)
Settlement Reporting Facility
The Settlement Reporting Facility utilises the Department of Immigration and Citizenship’s Settlement Database to provide the general public with statistical data on permanent arrivals to Australia.
The Settlement Database brings together data from various internal and external sources to assist government and community agencies involved in the planning and provision of services to migrants.
As much of the information is provided by settlers on a voluntary basis (such as religion), when a report is produced, there may be some items that will be listed as 'Unknown' or 'Not Stated'. http://www.immi.gov.au/living-in-australia/delivering-assistance/settlement- reporting-facility/
Department of Planning and Community Development (DPCP)
Indicators of Community Strength at the Local Government Area Level in Victoria 2008
This report examines indicators of community strength at the local government area level using data collected in 2008. It also examines the new collection of neighbourhood data and the first collection in a group of young people in a rural town in Victoria. This report should be read in conjunction with the data for each local government area. http://www.dpcd.vic.gov.au/home/publications-and-research/indicators-of- community-strength
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Population Health Data Department of Justice
Victorian Family Violence Database - Nine Year Report – provides trend analysis of state-wide, comprehensive cross-sector, whole of government family violence reports in Victoria, containing nearly a decade of Victorian family violence data from 1999–2008, including:
Victoria Police family violence incident reports Victorian Magistrates' and Children's Court finalised intervention order applications Victorian Supported Accommodation Assistance Program Data from Victorian Public Hospital Emergency Departments The Department of Justice Victims of Crime Helpline The Department of Human Services Integrated Reporting and Information System
This is the only source of patterns and trends in family violence in Victoria in the context of family violence reform initiatives – from 1999 until the commencement of the Family Violence Protection Act (2008) – so provides valuable information on relevant policy initiatives, and can help inform future planning.
Recently released was the Eleven Year Trend Analysis 1999-2010 and this data has been used where possible. http://www.justice.vic.gov.au/victimsofcrime/home/resources/documents/victori an+family+violence+database+-+nine+year+report+%28pdf%29
2003 Victorian Longitudinal Community Attitudes Survey on Gambling - highlights the results from the 2003 Victorian Longitudinal Community Attitudes Survey on Gambling and the analysis that followed the collection of this data. http://www.justice.vic.gov.au/home/gambling+and+racing/research+and+statis tics/justice+2003+victorian+longitudinal+community+attitudes+survey+on+ga mbling+%28pdf%29
Department of Sustainability and Environment
A Guide to Property Values - lists sales data for houses, flats and units, vacant residential land, and commercial, industrial and rural properties. The data is compiled using information lodged every time a property sale is completed. It provides property statistics for Victoria's 79 municipalities and lists yearly medians by suburb over a ten-year period. http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/property-titles-and-maps/property- information/property-prices
Diabetes Australia Victoria Diabetes Australia Victoria is the peak consumer body and leading charity representing people with (or at risk of) diabetes.
The Diabetes Epidemic Project - was launched in 2006 to compare diabetes prevalence data over time. The Diabetes Epidemic website shows the prevalence HealthWest Partnership Page 98 of 100
Population Health Data of diabetes in Victoria in 2001, 2006 and 2011 by LGA, postcode and state electoral divisions.
The data is derived from registrations on the National Diabetes Services Scheme1 (NDSS). The NDSS database contains comprehensive data on people who have been diagnosed with diabetes (including type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes and other less common forms of diabetes) and have registered with the scheme.
The database does not include everyone with diabetes in Victoria as some people with diabetes do not register on the scheme at all, or may delay their registration for some time after diagnosis. The proportion of people with diabetes not registered with the NDSS is difficult to estimate as there are many reasons for not doing so and there is no reliable method of identifying those people. However, given the considerable benefit of being registered on the NDSS, the database should be considered to provide a good estimate of the number of people with diabetes in Victoria, and because the registration form must be signed by a doctor or diabetes educator it should record only confirmed cases. www.diabetesepidemic.org.au
forecast.id® forecast.id® is a comprehensive internet-based demographic forecasting application which provides population and household forecasts for local councils. Using models developed by informed decisions (.id), forecast.id provides a comprehensive resource that can be used for future planning.
Forecasts are presented in a clear web-based format which can be easily incorporated into planning documents, presentations, community analysis and funding applications. The website provides population and household data from 2001 to 2021 broken down into small neighbourhoods. forecast.id uses the 2006 Census data as a base for their current population figures and then applies a modelling approach based on local assumptions such as demographic change, policy environment and urban development drivers. This results in population and household statistics up until 2021. http://home.id.com.au/id-community/public-resources/population-forecasts
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Population Health Data Social Atlas of Victorian Local Government Areas
The Atlas is produced by The Public Health Information Development Unit (PHIDU), located at The University of Adelaide. PHIDU’s focus is to provide an integrated health information system in Australia that can provide information on a broad range of health determinants across the life course. A major emphasis is on the development and publication of small area statistics for monitoring inequality in health and wellbeing.
The Atlas describes the geographic distribution of the population by a range of socioeconomic indicators, together with maps showing health status and use of health services, thereby highlighting the relationships between the indicators of socioeconomic inequality and inequality in health status. http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/
TAC Provides a range of statistics on road toll and related information in Victoria. http://www.tacsafety.com.au/jsp/statistics/overview.do?areaID=12
Victorian Commission for Gambling and Liquor Regulation The Victorian Commission for Gambling and Liquor Regulation (VCGLR) delivers integrated regulatory functions for liquor and gambling, and publishes a large volume of statistics that map the movement, expenditure by venue and location of electronic gaming machines http://www.vcgr.vic.gov.au/CA256F800017E8D4/gamblinginfo/990634AB5A96C C67CA25777E0002FCD1?OpenDocument
Victorian Police
Victoria Police Crime Statistics 2010/11 – statistics on crime reported to or detected by Victoria Police for the financial year ended 30 June 2011. Data includes information on crime, victims, alleged offenders, family incidents, and other related information togethers with socio-demographic information on offenders and victims. http://www.vicpolcrimestats.net.au/
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