Town of Truckee
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Town of Truckee Plastic Bag Ordinance Concerns and Answers The Town of Truckee is committed to ensuring the safety and well-being of its citizens as well as making sound business and environmental policies for the well-being of our town’s future. The Town asked for your feedback and you answered so now it is our turn to respond. The Town hopes to provide answers to all your concerns so if you have some that did not get answered in this document please contact: [email protected] or [email protected] General Concerns 1. Concern: Why can’t we just continue recycling plastic bags like before? 2. Concern: Are you restricting the plastic bags that carry produce, meat and bulk items? 3. Concern: When I purchase a bottle of wine or other alcoholic item will I be forced to buy a paper bag? Economic Concerns 4. Concern: Is there even an economic problem with using plastic bags? 5. Concern: The fee on paper bags is a tax. 6. Concern: Tourists will be angry about the fee and choose to shop/ travel elsewhere. 7. Concern: Our local retail businesses will be negatively impacted by charging customers a fee for a bag. 8. Concern: The Ordinance will have a disproportionate impact on the low income population in Truckee. 9. Concern: Our economy is already terrible; we don’t want to pay more for bags on top of everything else. 10. Concern: Americans in the plastic bag industry will lose their jobs if we stop supplying single-use plastic bags at check-out. 11. Concern: Reusable bags come from overseas so we won’t be supporting our national/local economies. 12. Concern: I reuse my plastic grocery bags as garbage-liners and dog poop pick-up bags, I will have to buy plastic for these purposes now. Environmental Concerns 13. Concern: If plastic bags are no longer available then people will just use paper bags which also have an environmental impact. 14. Concern: Why can’t the grocery stores just be required to switch to compostable or biodegradable plastic bags? 15. Concern: Reusable bags have an environmental cost as well as plastic and paper bags. Health Concerns 16. Concern: Reusable bags are never washed and contain bacteria that could potentially contaminate the food we buy (study on reusable bags in Arizona, California). 17. Concern: Reusable bags have been linked to E coli hospital visits in San Francisco (Statistics Article linking increase in E coli with plastic bag ban San Francisco). 18. Concern: A reusable bag was linked to a norovirus outbreak in Oregon (Soccer girls get infected after they come in contact with reusable bag ). 1. Concern: Why can’t we just continue recycling plastic bags like before? The Town of Truckee encourages recycling of our valuable resources. AB 2449, a 6 year pilot program ending 2013, requires all Californian grocery stores to provide plastic bag recycling bins. Truckee’s bins are currently located inside Safeway, Save Mart, CVS and Rite Aid. However, the majority of plastic bags distributed by stores are not recycled and end up on our roadsides, in our forests, in landfills and in our lakes and rivers. While 91% of Americans have access to plastic bag recycling1, only about 1-3% of plastic bags make it to the recycling bins2. After these bags are acquired for recycling, 57% are exported to countries with more demand for plastic and cheaper labor costs. The recycling cost for one ton of plastic is $4,000 while the recycled product can be sold for only $323. Therefore, recycling is not a great economic or environmental alternative as it uses fuel, water and energy in the process. While recycling certain metals and plastics is a good option, reusing products whenever possible is more economically and environmentally friendly. Reusing 3-4 bags over the span of 3 years not only saves everyone money from external costs but enhances our surroundings by reducing unsightly litter. 2. Concern: Are you restricting the plastic bags that carry produce, meat and bulk items? This ordinance will only apply to plastic bags distributed at check-out. There are alternatives to these small plastic produce bags however the technology and market are not there yet to make them a viable option to introduce in the ordinance. Check out the internet and local stores to find some reusable produce and snack bags. 3. Concern: When I purchase a bottle of wine or other alcoholic item will I be forced to buy a paper bag? This is an often misinterpreted law. There is no law requiring customers to bag their alcoholic purchases at grocery or convenience stores.4 It is most likely mistaken for the “doggy bag” law where a partially consumed wine or beer container from an “eating place” can be brought home as long as it is placed in a bag and in the trunk of the car to show no intention of drinking while operating a vehicle5. See California code 23396.56. 1 http://www.americanchemistry.com/Media/PressReleasesTranscripts/ACC-news-releases/Study-Over-Seventy-Percent-of-Americans-Can- Recycle-Plastic-Bags-and-Wraps-Locally.html 2 http://calrecycle.ca.gov/Actions/Documents/85/2011/337/Plastic%20Carryout%20Bag%20Presentation.pdf 3 http://www.cleanair.org/Waste/wasteFacts.html 4 http://www.abc.ca.gov/trade/IA%20Bagging%20Alcoholic%20Beverages.pdf 5 http://www.dmv.ca.gov/pubs/vctop/d11/vc23225.htm 6 http://codes.lp.findlaw.com/cacode/BPC/1/d9/3/3/s23396.5 Prepared by Alexa Terrell- Town of Truckee Recycling Intern Page 2 4. Concern: Is there even an economic problem with using plastic bags? Plastics bags cost a mere $0.01 to buy, so they make a cheap and easy way to transport items from retail and grocery stores.7 However, not contained in the 1 cent cost are the external costs including waste pick up, environmental damage, pollution that negatively affects the health of people and animals, and costs associated with storm drain clean-up.8 Not to mention, solid waste facilities have a problem with plastic bags that get stuck in the machinery. They must shut-off the system and unclog the machines before they can continue. San Jose estimated their costs to be $1,000,000 a year in repairing and maintenance due to these bags.9 Plastic bags clog storm drains which cause run-off or flooding and require maintenance to clean-up.9 All these added costs are not bought by the stores but paid for in taxpayers’ dollars. 5. Concern: The fee on paper bags is a tax. The proposed $.10 fee on paper bags is to internalize the cost of purchase, recycling and waste clean-up that is currently being paid for as external costs in taxes and more expensive food costs. Each store will be in charge of collecting and maintaining records of the fee; the fee will be used to offset the store’s costs of educational program implementation and price of paper bag purchase. The Town of Truckee will partially fund some of the educational costs. The purpose of the fee is to shoulder those costs onto customers who choose to use single-use bags. 6. Concern: Tourists will be angry about the fee and choose to shop/ travel elsewhere. If the ban was implemented, the Town would provide local and out-of-town people with an advanced warning of the potential plastic bag ordinance. In enforcing the ordinance, a substantial amount of time would be given to retail stores to make customers aware of the future changes, and create signs and enact educational programs before the changes take effect. This will alleviate some of the frustration out-of-towners feel when they encounter the new ordinance. In the United States of America, 111 cities, 11 counties, 1 state and 1 territory have enacted a plastic bag ordinance as of March 2013.10 All over the world, many countries and cities have banned or placed fees on plastic single-use bags. This means there is a lot of exposure to the idea of plastic bag ordinances and few people would be shocked to find an ordinance in an environmental community such as Truckee. The majority (66.3%) of tourists to the Lake Tahoe region are from California11. California currently has 7 http://dpw.lacounty.gov/epd/aboutthebag/PDF/SocioEconomicImpactStudy_final.pdf 8 http://www.rodale.com/chemicals-plastic 9 http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444165804578006832478712400.html?mod=googlenews_wsj 10 http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/retailbags/pages/list_USA.htm#NYC; http://www.cawrecycles.org/issues/plastic_campaign/plastic_bags/local 11 http://tahoesouth.com/ltva/images/TravelTrends-LakeTahoe2.png Prepared by Alexa Terrell- Town of Truckee Recycling Intern Page 3 69 cities and counties12 with plastic bag ordinances and more are being approved and implemented monthly. This means many tourists are already accustomed to shopping with reusable bags or fees on paper bags. 7. Concern: Our local retail businesses will be negatively impacted by charging customers a fee for a paper bag. Yes, some customers may be surprised that their merchandise does not include a bag, and some locals may choose to do their shopping out of town. However, our community survey (with a large sample size of around 1,100 people) showed 70% of the community in support of a ban on plastic and a fee on paper with 7% undecided. With proper educational opportunities and consumer awareness, customers will likely be willing to support this change. This ordinance could even be an opportunity for local businesses to take the center stage on community education and environmental stewardship As a way to bring awareness to the reusable bag initiative and nurture a positive adjustment to the potential ordinance local businesses could: • Collaborate with other local businesses and design ‘Truckee Bags’ • Work with School children to have a bag design contest for their business or a local organization • Collaborate with Local organization to donate a part of their bag sales to that organization • Have punch cards for each time customers use a reusable bag The fee on paper bags will be kept by the retail stores to cover costs of program implementation (the increased cost of switching from plastic to paper, costs of training employees).