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First Published on: 08 March 2007 To link to this article: DOI: 10.1080/09502380701241069 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09502380701241069

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Craig students Della Collins, Croegaert, and Williams, Jane Brett colleagues Ana work: Roberts, friends, the Kuzawa, to improved Hurricane sources also Chris me to or spurred Thanks and readings due piece. outrage critical political home this my to finish her MacDonald element to Clarita personal from deep native a displacement added Orleans Katrina four-month New mother-in-law, whose my Reed, to thanks Many Acknowledgements Epilogue emjrt lc okn-lsns,seZeg(00 p 32 pp. (2000, Zweig see working-classness, black majority Re the over reigned Chair, FCC 5 as Fowler, that clear it makes Douglas Susan 4 pca hnst h colo dacdRsac nSnaF,drn part during Fe, Santa in Research Advanced of School the to thanks Special I:Ls iei h atSpe:Oeo h icpe ad a eotof out egg. be devilled may a I said, love disciples Adenoids would the Richard sure of Reverend One I Supper: the but Last as line, the in Brown, line Anthony Lost III: J. 2005) 27, (June vlaino h ls ttso h JSadec sbsdbt on both based is audience TJMS the of status class the of evaluation middle-aged fundamentally as audience pp. rightist Contemporary of (2004, policy McChesney a See have stations. indeed does affiliate and its 279 4), with fn the (see interference 1990s of political and 1980s bulk the the of constitute rarely study. but that this blackamerica.com, in website, conversations material its archive political broadcast on does show spontaneous TJMS each The the of transcription. portion in small gaps a indicate Ellipses broadcasts. tto wesi,a ela t fot omiti h rvso fpublic of 295 provision radio pp. the (1999, in maintain views to oligopoly political efforts prevent opposing its to and as programming efforts well as government’s ownership, federal station the of 75). demise 19% p. million, rap/ (2005, 11 the teens to at black only in are second clocks is which whom audience audience, of this Contemporary million, Urban 9.5 hop At hip 75). 71, pp. (2005, n working-class and 80). lc ai oa 2005 Today Radio Black 0 r ihsho rd rhv oecollege some have or grads school high are 70% eotietfisteUbnAdult Urban the identifies report ny4 teenagers 4% only 97). 3.My 33). Downloaded By: [Northwestern University] At: 16:20 12 March 2007 alw ila 19)‘omriladNnomrilRdo,in Radio’, Noncommercial and ‘Commercial (1990) William Barlow, ics h su fteTM n h ellmt fpltclciiu in critique political of limits real the and TJMS the of issue the discuss I 6 aeje el 20)‘lc hrhsSrgl vrTerRl nPolitics’, in Role Their Over Struggle Churches ‘Black (2005) Neela Banerjee, Listen’, People Speaks, Joyner Tom ‘When (2002) Katy Bachman, plbm,Ptr(05 Som tec hnSft e o Colleges’, 2 For Net Safety Thin Stretch ‘Storms (2005) Peter Applebome, nesnFrs,Sehne(04 TmJye:PGsFvrt Deejay’, Favorite P&G’s Joyner: ‘Tom (2004) http:// Radio’. Stephanie to Forest, Listens America Anderson How Today: Radio ‘Black (2005) Arbriton References e er 20) plbm 20) orysi(05.Telte piece latter The (2005). Dobrzynski (2005), Applebome (2005), Perry See 7 e akn 19)fra itrclrve ftedvlpeto black of development the of review historical an for (1994) Watkins See 8 ** ** hp n ideology and ship, ial iLoad,adBetWlim,eds., Williams, Rising Brett Bodies: Collins, Jane and and in Inequality Leonardo, Sphere’, Space Public di American Minds, Shifting Micaela of the and Neoliberalization Inequality Global ‘The and review; pee,i efMsosyadIaSse,eds., 21 ‘Whose Susser, the See Ida in pieces. and Homeland other Maskovsky Public Imperial two Jeff American the in in and age Neoliberalism, Sphere’, Imperialism, neoliberal New The a Homeland?: in media commercial other any status than margin American greater a Black by (2004). Kerry polling category for political exit race identity vote CNN’s American reported own presidential see a my black (2001), Bush/Kerry determined Winter and Re the & audiences, callers. Kinder after radio from TJMS aside black of orientation, varying observation of decade-long study 2005 Arbritron’s oprdt h JSnmes u ee etosJye.Ol Curtis Only Joyner. mentions never but pitiful in numbers, are results (2005), TJMS fund-raising the whose efforts to charity compared black of number a covers only Joyner mentions mrcnhumor. entirely American ‘altruistic’, and black-nationalist politics. as progressive it its identifies missing then but Katrina’, alw ahntn C oadUiest rs,p.175 pp. Press, Media University Howard Mass DC: the Washington, Barlow, in Americans African Conference’, e okTimes York New 12. p. 9, no. 13, vol. March, 18 pp. 26, no. 12, vol. July, Times York uiesekOnline BusinessWeek www.arbitron.com 20)‘lc hrhs tiue oadGyPrsinr sDsusdat Discussed Is Parishioners Gay Toward Attitudes Churches’ ‘Black (2006) 20)‘e okRdoSain:WK-MSesJoyner’, Sheds WRKS-FM Stations: Radio York ‘New (2003) at e colo mrcnRsac rs,udrreview. under Press, Research American of School Fe: Santa . 5September. 25 , H AEO H O ONRMRIGSO 31 SHOW MORNING JOYNER TOM THE OF CASE THE Slate, e okTimes York New March. 6 , culyntsta h JSws‘h oc fHurricane of voice ‘the was TJMS the that notes actually 2July. 12 , nldn edr noe dcto,uinmember- union education, income, gender, including xetDmcai at affiliation. Party Democratic except npassant en st 1January. 21 , Century 22. er,in Perry, . d anteL ae n William and Dates L. Jannette eds , e ok aaimPes under Press, Paradigm York: New . h hoil fPhilanthropy, of Chronicle The e adcpso Global of Landscapes New ehnigAeia The America: Rethinking MediaWeek MediaWeek 250. pi Image: Split New ,1 ,3 Downloaded By: [Northwestern University] At: 16:20 12 March 2007 2CLUA STUDIES CULTURAL 32 oa,Na 20)‘’ utaD But DJ a Just ‘I’m (2005) Neal Conan, http:// 2004’. (2002) Means Votes R. Robin Coleman, American results: election ‘CNN.com (2004) CNN orysi uihH(05 Soko arn uhsBakCaiist New to Charities Black Pushes Katrina of ‘Shock H.(2005) Judith Dobrzynski, 21 (1998) Slate’, Katrina. Micaela Hurricane Leonardo, of Voice di The Joyner: ‘Tom (2005) Bryan Curtis, (2001) Steven Todd Burroughs, ros wgtE ail,Gog .(02 TeTmJye onn Show: Morning Joyner Tom ‘The (2002) L. George Daniels, & E. Dwight a Brooks, on Variations Self: Yo Wreck You Before self, Yo ‘Check (1995) Todd Boyd, onr o (1995) Tom Joyner, (1992) Justin Lewis, & Sut Jhally, (1988) Noam Chomsky, & Edward Herman, arsLcwl,MlsaVcoi (2004) Victoria Melissa Harris-Lacewell, Media’, King’s the ‘All (2005) William Greider, ozlz ai 20)‘rmMriso oit oCne fteTragedy’, the of Center to Society of Margins ‘From (2005) David Gonzalez, (1999) J. Susan Douglas, lmnhl a 20)‘h iitro isrly etJseLePeterson, Lee Jesse Meet Minstrelsy: of Minister ‘The (2005) Max Blumenthal, ** ** oa n ihTmJye sguest, as Joyner Tom with and Conan Identity, epolls.0.html www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2004/pages/results/states/US/P/00/ Media Park. Black of History Fund-Raising’, 135 pp. Politics of Modernity, http://slate.msn.com/id/2126688/ September. 8 pp. 1, no. ciitRdoi nAeo Consolidation’, of Age an in Radio Activist in Sphere, Culture’, Public 293 Popular pp. Black and Music The Rap Collective, in Theme Political p 22 pp. published. dream, American the of myth the Media, Mass the of Economy n lc oiia Thought, Political Black and www.thenation.com/doc/20051121/greider. Times York inaoi:Uiest fMneoaPress. Minnesota of University Minneapolis: h asWa h ih ol iet,btCan’t’, but to, Like Would Right the What Says Who Press. University 20)‘edr ae n ls’ in Class’, and Race, ‘Gender, (2005) (1999) e ok Routledge. York: New 25. d ai uetadJa icn,NwYr:Blackwell, York: New Vincent, Joan and Nugent David eds , 51. 316. oc vr h aigo lc Radio Black of Making The Over: Voice September. 2 , hcg:Uiest fCiaoPress. Chicago of University Chicago: 32. e okTimes York New laigteAr h aigo ai Personality Radio a of Making The Air: the Clearing h israin nvriyo ayad College Maryland, of University dissertation, PhD , itnn n ai n h mrcnimagination, American the and Radio In: Listening xtc tHm:Atrplge,Ohr,American Others, Anthropologies, Home: at Exotics e ok Pantheon. York: New rneo:PictnUiest Press. University Princeton Princeton: rm nteGoa ilg:Twr nIdeological An Toward Village: Global the in Drums nihee aim h ob hw uine,and audiences, Show, Cosby The Racism: Enlightened a tLu:ArcnAeia uine,Mda and Media, Audiences, African-American Loud: It Say 4November. 14 , ole:Wsve Press. Westview Boulder: ... abrhp,Bbe,adBT vrdyTalk Everyday BET: and Bibles, Barbershops, hcg:Uiest fCiaoPress, Chicago of University Chicago: ’ ainlPbi Radio Public National ako h Nation the of Talk auatrn osn:TePolitical The Consent: Manufacturing h Nation The opno oteAnthropology the to Companion A ora fRdoStudies Radio of Journal hldlha Temple Philadelphia: , oebr http:// November. 2 , h Nation The otdb Neal by hosted , h ulcSphere Public The 9September. 19 , 1April, 11 , o.9, vol. , Self- . 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University Oxford York: New October. 9 show’, radio of run with America, today in Race of Reality New the and Policy’, National Science on Opinion and Whites, Blacks, (2002) (2003) (2005) 20)‘oacn i rw,in Crow’, Jim ‘Romancing (2000) o.4,n.2 p 439 pp. 2, no. 45, vol. , h hldlhaTribune, Philadelphia The olBbe:BakPplrClueadtePs-olAesthetic Post-Soul the and Culture Popular Black Babies: Soul og nteKyo lc ie htmadBusNation Blues and Rhythm A Life: Black of Key the in Songs e ok Routledge. York: New ’ utaD But DJ a Just I’m Businessweekonline e Yorker, New H AEO H O ONRMRIGSO 33 SHOW MORNING JOYNER TOM THE OF CASE THE oeadTet lcfc isrlyadteAeia okn Class, Working American the and Minstrelsy Blackface Theft: and Love 24. e ae:Yl nvriyPress. University Yale Haven: New e ok otl eiwPress. Review Monthly York: New h ht isLv i-o:Wnsa,Wges Wannabes, Wiggers, Wankstas, Hip-Hop: Love Kids White Why lc ainls nAeia oiisadThought and Politics American in Nationalism Black h es ako hnmnn h rsso ups nAfro- in Purpose of Crisis The Phenomenon: Jackson Jesse The coe,p.48 pp. October, 3 htteMscSi:BakPplrMscadBakPublic Black and Music Popular Black Said: Music the What 9Spebr .10. p. September, 29 , 22. 10, pp. September, 29 , 6Arl http://businessweek.com April. 26 , ... h rbe fteMda omncto oiisin Politics Communication Media: the of Problem The tMksSnet e wt ayFoesBoyce] Flowers Mary [with Me. to Sense Makes It dlhL ed r,NwYr:TeNew The York: New Jr., Reed, L. Adolph MediaWeek o.13 o 8 6Otbr .1-A. p. October, 26 78, no. 113, vol. 456. ls oe:Psn sPltc n Other and Politics as Posing Notes: Class o.2,p.189 pp. 21, vol. , e ok ai Books. Basic York: New 9Jnay o.1,n.3 .8. p. 3, no. 14, vol. January, 19 , 57. e okTmsSna Magazine Sunday Times York New mrcnJunlo Political of Journal American 204. e York: New . e York: New . The The , , , Downloaded By: [Northwestern University] At: 16:20 12 March 2007 4CLUA STUDIES CULTURAL 34 tibr,Sehn(1995) Stephen Steinberg, hma aai(01 BakEtranetTlvso’ Lfsye Choice’, ‘Lifestyle’ Television’s Entertainment ‘Black (2001) Makani Themba, in Campaign’, Values Neo-Family ‘The (1997) Judith Stacey, ptli,Dba(97 TeSca iclto fMdaDsoreadthe and (1999) Discourse Catherine Media Squires, of Circulation Social ‘The the (1997) of Issue Debra Defining Spitulnik, a high’, rides as jock’’ ‘‘‘Fly Cited (1998) Vern Values Smith, ‘Moral (2004) Q. 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Connecticut: media’, black-run Movement, a of American Soul the Transformed Pryor, that Richard Humor to Slavery African-American From Culture, of Tradition Underground Y L Press. ILR NY: 4My http://thenation.com/doc.mhtml?i May. 14 , hcg Defender Chicago d oe acse ial iLoad,NwYr:Routledge, York: New Leonardo, di Micaela & Lancaster Roger eds 70. 187. e okTimes York New lc os:RpMscadBakCluei otmoayAmerica, Contemporary in Culture Black and Music Rap Noise: Black h okn ls aoiy mrc’ etKp Secret Kept Best America’s Majority: Class Working The nteRa ie agig yn,adSignifying and Lying, Laughing, Side: Real the On Time otn ecnPress. Beacon Boston: i o atr:Pltc,PpClue n h tugefor Struggle the and Culture, Pop Politics, Matters: Hop Hip unn ak h era rmRca utc nAmerican in Justice Racial from Retreat The Back: Turning 3Nvme,vl CX o 4,p 4. p. 142, no. XCIX, vol. November, 23 , erhn lc ocsi h lc ulcshr:an sphere: public black the in voices black Searching oebr o.14 o 8 .90. p. 18, no. 154, vol. November, 1 , otn ecnPress. Beacon Boston: November. 4 , eedr ineso lc Radio Black of Pioneers Legendary ora fLnusi Anthropology Linguistic of Journal fiaSpectrum Afrika e ok io n Schuster. and Simon York: New Newsweek h hss Communication thesis, PhD , 3Fbur,vl 3,no. 131, vol. February, 23 , o.3,n.2 p 161 pp. 2, no. 34, vol. , h Gender/Sexuality The 20010514&s Westport, , o.6, vol. , Ithaca, , The the