5276 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

H.R. 1600-NATIONAL FISH AND chant Marine and Fisheries Committee, I that is certain in the global oil market, it is that WILDLIFE ENHANCEMENT ACT would like to reflect for a moment upon some the market is highly volatile and capable of OF 1989 of the central concepts of last year's bill. unpredictable swings. By way of example, this First, we believed that the status of ANWR past January I received a letter from an envi­ HON. WALTER B. JONES as a national wildlife refuge required a higher ronmental group urging me to forgo oil devel­ OF NORTH CAROLINA standard of due care than might otherwise be opment in ANWR because, among other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES required for oil development on multiple-use things, they noted that the price of oil was public lands. The bill also highlighted the role only $13 a barrel. Less than 2 days later, I no­ Thursday, March 23, 1989 of the Director fo the U.S. Fish and Wildlife ticed in the newspaper that the price of oil Mr. JONES of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, Service and mandated that the Service remain had jumped to $17.54 a barrel-today the today I have introduced H.R. 1600, the Na­ in complete control of any oil and gas leasing world average price for oil is $15.86 per tional Fish and Wildlife Improvement Act of program for ANWR. In addition, H.R. 3601 barrel. These figures reflect how unpredictable 1989, along with a bipartisan coalition of contained many provisions which accom­ the oil market can be. Members who are deeply committed to both plished this objective by establishing some of I believe that we will be doing the country a fish and wildlife conservation and the cautious the toughest environmental standards yet ap­ serious disservice if we cast our vote on development of this Nation's energy re­ plied to oil development in this country. By ANWR based upon the current price of oil. A sources. This bill addresses one of the most way of example, our bill would have banned much more relevant question is what will be hotly debated natural resource issues before the past North Slope practice of pumping re­ the price of oil in 1O years-the length of time Congress-the question of whether oil and serve pit fluids out into the tundra. I should it will take to get the first drop of ANWR oil gas leasing should be authorized on the add that as a result of the controversy sur­ into the Alaskan pipeline. Given the wild gyra­ coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife rounding this questionable disposal practice, tions the global oil market can go through in a Refuge [ANWR]. the two major operators at Prudhoe Bay have few short months-let alone in 1O long This issue was the subject of well over 20 recently announced changes in their drilling years-it is obvious why today's oil prices can hearings in both Houses during the last Con­ operations which will eliminate this practice al­ be a slender reed to lean on in casting one's gress. My own committee, the Committee on together. Perhaps H.R. 3601 's firm position on vote on ANWR. The uncertainty of the world Merchant Marine and Fisheries, held seven of reserve pit fluid disposal contributed in some oil market is a primary reason why the twin these hearings which addressed a wide varie­ small way toward facilitating this decision. In ty of issues ranging from the environmental any event, it illustrates how the bilt was antici­ goals of conservation and enhanced produc­ track record of the oil industry at Prudhoe Bay pated and reflects the future trends in waste tion must be pursued simultaneously and not to the anticipated impact of oil development management for oil development on the North sequentially. on the wildlife resources of ANWR. The diver­ Slope of Alaska. The above key concepts were central to sity of these issues was reflected in the diver­ The second key element of last year's bill H.R. 3601 and they are central to H.R. 1600. sity of the bills introduced on this subject in centered on the premise that if the national In providing further information on H.R. 1600, I the last Congress. Some of my colleagues resources of the national wildlife refuge were would like to include in the CONGRESSIONAL would have designated the 1.5 million acres of to be commercially developed, there ought to RECORD two briefing papers, one summarizing the coastal plain as wilderness while others be an overall net benefit back into fish and in some detail the specifics of H.R. 1600 and would have authorized an immediate oil and wildlife conservation and the National Wildlife the other highlighting some of the areas gas leasing program for the entire area with Refuge System. H.R. 3601 accomplished this where it differs from H.R. 3601. A couple of the revenues primarily going to the State of by dedicating most of the Federal revenues these differences, in particular, warrant further Alaska. generated by ANWR for wetland and wildlife discussion. First, while H.R. 1600 deletes H.R. The ANWR bill that I introduced last Con­ refuge acquisitions and the establishment of a 3601 's Manton amendment dealing with labor gress with Congressmen JOHN DINGELL and major new fish and wild Iif e enhancement trust issues and ANWR, the oil industry should not LINDSAY THOMAS, H.R. 3601, attempted to fund. This would generate a much needed interpret this as an antilabor move on my part. define the middle ground between these op­ boost in conservation funding for fish and Quite to the contrary, I intend to continue to posing positions. The bill as introduced con­ wildlife. While some might object to dedicating support some sort of labor provision dealing tained a variety of ideas designed to frame Federal revenues for this particular purpose, I with ANWR. The absence of such a provision key issues and generate spirited debate. We would point out that this approach is consist­ in the bill I introduced merely reflects my kept our minds open and we tried to be good ent with longstanding Federal wildlife policy. desire to give labor and the oil industry more listeners during the many hours of delibera­ Since 1935, revenues generated by commer­ time to reach a consensus on this issue if tion. By the time we entered into markup last cial activities within wildlife refuges have been possible. spring, our thinking had evolved considerably placed within the refuge revenue sharing fund Similarly, today's bill deletes a provision as reflected in a new bipartisan staff draft bill under the Refuge Revenue Sharing Act (16 added to H.R. 3601 which would have banned on ANWR. This bipartisan revision of H.R. U.S.C. 715(s)). Moneys in this fund are used the export of oil out of ANWR. This deletion is 3601 was eventually reported out of the Mer­ to compensate local jurisdictions for lost tax not due to my opposition to the concept. To chant Marine and Fisheries Committee with revenues and to acquire additional wildlife ref­ the contrary, I believe that any oil produced majority support from both parties and only uges. H.R. 3601 was merely in keeping with from ANWR should be reserved for use in our minor modifications. Although the 1OOth Con­ this 53-year-old Federal wildlife policy. country. Existing law severely restricts export gress ended before further action could be The third premise of H.R. 3601 was that of any crude oil which travels down the trans­ taken on H.R. 3601, I felt that we were rapidly neither Congress nor the country would gain Alaska pipeline. Since we all expect ANWR oil closing in on an environmentally sensible ap­ anything by putting off for 2 or 3 additional to come down the pipeline, we already have proach to ANWR that would be acceptable to years a final decision on oil development in legal protection against exports. It is likely that a majority of our colleagues. ANWR. Last year we watched our naval ships my committee will vote to make this antiexport The bill that I introduced today, H.R. 1600, engaged in combat in the Persian Gulf. On policy explicit in H.R. 1600. is very similar to last year's H.R. 3601-per­ the home front, our balance-of-trade deficits H.R. 1600 has also dropped prior language haps only 5 percent of it has changed. Since continue to be staggering, aggravated serious­ in H.R. 3601 which urged that the "best com­ today's bill is so closely modeled after H.R. ly in 1989 by a projected $42 billion price tag mercially available" pollution control technology 3601 as previously reported out of the Mer- for imported oil. Moreover, if there is one thing be utilized in ANWR. It was not our intent in

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5277 using this langauge in H.R. 3601 to modify or continue to welcome suggestions for improv­ 25%-to the Migratory Bird Conservation weaken the existing technology control stand­ ing the bill even further. Congress has thought Fund to be expended as follows: ards under environmental laws like the Clean about this matter long enough. It is time to put 40%-for acquisition of major wintering and migration route habitat for migratory Air Act or the Clean Water Act. Rather, the the matter to a vote. birds originating in Alaska or Canada. language was intended to be hortatory in The analysis of the ANWR hearings follows: 20%-for acquisition of migratory bird nature and reflective of our desire to have KEY CONCEPTS OF H.R. 1600, NATIONAL FISH habitat in accordance with provisions of the only state-of-the-art technology and best man­ AND WILDLIFE ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 1989 North America Waterfowl Management agement practices utilized in ANWR. Despite 1. Authorizes carefully controlled leasing Plan with Canada. this intent, some claimed that the langauge's of majority of 1.5 million acre coastal plain. 20%-for acquisition of national wildlife effect was to diminish the level of environ­ Initial lease sale to be held no sooner than refuges in the lower 48 states for species of mental protection under various Federal pollu­ 21 months and no later than 27 months fish and wildlife other than migratory birds. tion control statutes. Since the best commer­ after date of enactment. No more than 20%-for acquisition of inholdings within 300,000 acres of the coastal plain offered or Alaskan units of National Wildlife Refuge cially available technology language generated System. If not enough willing sellers in any these sorts of misinterpretations and was leased at any one time with lease sales held no more frequently than once every two year to use entire 15%, the remaining funds open to question regarding its intent, we have years. are available for refuge acquisition in the decided to drop the provision altogether. 2. Establishes a 260,000 acre "Protective lower 48 states for species of fish or wildlife In summary, H.R. 1600 picks up where H.R. Management Zone" assist Fish and Wildlife Serv­ thinks about the merits or deficiencies of the and gas leasing program on coastal plain. ice in implementing oil and gas leasing pro­ original section 1002 report, Congress is well Standard based upon biological factors gram for the ANWR coastal plain. beyond that report in its analysis of the vari­ alone. 10. Authorizes U.S. Fish and Wildlife ous environmental and economic issues asso­ 6. Reaffirms existing Federal national Service and Alaska's Fish and Game and ciated with ANWR. I would like to include in wildlife refuge law requiring Director of Environmental Conservation Departments FWS to have ultimate management author­ to recover the costs of planning, monitoring the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD an analysis of ity and control over oil/gas leasing program and enforcement from oil/gas lessees. Re­ the ANWR hearings prepared for me by the on ANWR. The Director would enter into quires that adequate personnel be continu­ Congressional Research Service. It lists the cooperative agreements with the Directors ously available on the coastal plain to moni­ number of opportunities provided the environ­ of the Bureau of Land Management and the tor and enforce the provisions of this Act. mental petitioners to appear as witnesses Minerals Management Service to gain their 11. Protects coastal marine environment before the committees of Congress and to assistance in running the technical, geologi­ of ANWR by granting Directors of FWS, present testimony on most of the environmen­ cal and financial aspects of oil/ gas leasing the National Marine Fisheries Service and tal issues they have now raised in their peti­ program on coastal plain. the Alaska Department of Fish and Game 7. Overturns 1981 Watt v. Alaska Supreme new authority to impose mandatory terms tion. I am not persuaded that Congress should Court decision against the Federal national and conditions on permits or authorizations stop further consideration on ANWR until a wildlife refuge Revenue Sharing Fund and for port facilities and offshore causeways better section 1002 report is developed. What­ directs placement of all ANWR oil and gas . stricting drilling rights for the Arctic Slope of those hearings. These items are not en­ 13. Establishes exclusive new authority Regional Corporation Brooklyn. True Because of the importance of this issue, State alone and attracted more than $60 mil­ to the most revered traditions of the Jewish Congressman MICHAEL BILIRAKIS of Florida lion in new capital to the State. people, the Sephardic Community Center has and I are introducing this legislation to bring The entrepreneurs who have created these been providing cultural, educational, and this issue of quality nursing care in nursing 21 new companies are indeed thinking long social services from its building on Ocean homes to the attention of the public and the range. Seven years to achieving profitability Parkway since its doors opened in 1982. Congress because despite the enactment of Today, the Sephardic Community Center some reforms, there are still critical needs for and public status is the norm. serves more than 7,000 people between the good nursing care in nursing homes. The product mix ranges from memory stor­ age, computer-aided design, engineering and ages of 2 and 92. manufacturing systems to super computers, It would be impossible to reflect on the ac­ aerospace electronics, optical disc technolo­ complishments of the Sephardic Community gy, and satellite communications systems. Center without recognizing the many mitzvot Our State has a long, distinguished history of one remarkable individual, Morris Bailey, for invention and innovation. Eli Whitney, who will be honored by the center at a testi­ monial dinner in New York City on April 2, VENTURE CAPITAL IMPORTANT Charles Goodyear, Igor Sikorsky are names 1989. TO INVENTIVE SOCIETY well known to us all. But have you heard of In private life Mr. Bailey is a successful Jehosaphat Stow, Samuel Green, James Wil­ HON. NANCY L. JOHNSON businessman, but he has given generously of liams, Ezra Warner, Sara Boone, and Stanley his talents and seemingly limitless energies to OF CONNECTICUT Mason? build the center from an ambitious idea to a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Probably not. But these five men and one vital resource. Thursday, March 23, 1989 woman were true agents of change-and truly From its inception in 1977, Morris . Bailey Connecticut's earliest innovators, creating Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speak­ shepherded the Sephardic Center through jobs, the function of every economy. er, writing in the Hartford (CT) Courant recent­ fundraising, through building, through develop­ ly, journalist Henry Fairlie raised the deeply Stow invented cut-iron nails; Green, a way ment. He was a guiding force, shaping, en­ troubling question of whether our obsession of making paper from seaweed; Williams, couraging, and nudging. Even now as he pre­ with making our lives and our Nation's life shaving soap; Warner, the can opener; pares to step down as the center's president, risk-free will not create an unbuoyant and un­ Boone, the ironing board; and Mason, a very he is hard at work, helping to bring about the inventive society. Extending his thesis about creative man, the disposable diaper, squeeze­ newest expansion. America's new timorousness, spawned by a able plastic ketchup bottles, masonware for Morris Bailey is a successful businessman proliferation of rules, regulations and "no­ microwave cooking, and a burglar alarm. who is deeply concerned for the welfare of his no's," Christopher Columbus's three tubs I introduce them to make a point. community. But most of all, he is a loving family man. With his dear wife, Paulette, their would not have been allowed to sail; the All of us are aware of the creative ideas of Wright brothers frail version of an airplane two wonderful daughters, Micki and Ester, and Edwin Land, Steve Jobs and An Wang, but would have been declared unairworthy; and their grandchildren, Louie and Morris, Morris few of us have heard of Jack Goldman, Josh Eli Whitney's cotton gin never would have Bailey has demonstrated that concern for Fisher or Joe Engelberger. We are not as fa­ passed safety regulations. one's neighbors begins at home with the love The writer, and others, also have pro­ miliar-as we are with Polaroid, Xerox and of a close family. claimed a simultaneous loss of faith in Ameri­ Apple-with such names as Cauzin, Multiflow Mr. Speaker, Morris Bailey represents not can technology: Nuclear power is nearly para­ and TAC, just to name three of the high tech only what is most generous in the American lyzed; space exploration is under frequent companies being nurtured to maturity by spirit, but also what is most creative and ener­ challenge. The problem is reflected, in part, in Technology Transitions. But, in time, we will. getic. It is never enough to wish for a better the sharp drop in the number of U.S. patents America's age of exploration is not over. world, we must do all we can to build one. issued to American inventors while at the Ninety percent of all scientists who ever lived Morris Bailey is a builder, and I am proud to same time there has been a considerable in­ are now alive and working-and we have call him my constituent and my friend. crease in the yearly number of U.S. patents more than our share of talent in that pool. issued to foreign inventors-financed by for­ Advances in technology-in computers, THE INTRODUCTION OF THE eign corporations. electronics, communications, engineering, NEIGHBORHOOD HOUSING Against this backdrop, President Bush's plastics, biogenics, et cetera-daily are being SERVICES ACT OF 1989 goal of encouraging business to invest in achieved by these fledgling companies. They technology and to take a farsighted view, con­ will more than offset the slowing down of in­ HON. BRUCE F. VENTO centrating on growth rather than quick profits, novations by the industrial giants, preoccupied takes on even greater relevance. OF MINNESOTA as they are with defense-defense against un­ The Casandras' wailings aside, there is con­ wanted suitors, defense against foreign com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES siderable evidence that the American spirit petitors and defense against rising costs. hasn't lost its courage; that it still has the Thursday, March 23, 1989 heart to respond to risk and challenge; and, I am proud of these entrepreneurs of my Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, today, I am intro­ the insatiable curiosity to explore science and State and I commend their ambitions, energy, ducing legislation with Mr. WYLIE and several technology exists. and courage to the Members of the House. of our distinguished colleagues to amend the I speak primarily of what is known as the They and others like them throughout all 50 Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation Act. venture capital industry-a respectable $30 States, are the future. Our bill will permit the corporation to continue 5282 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 to preserve existing housing and increase op­ crease the availability of affordable housing technical assistance and matching grants to portunities for affordable housing for low- and for low- and moderate-income families; assist low- and moderate-income families to moderate-income families through partner­ <2> the Neighborhood Reinvestment Cor­ participate in such associations; ships between the National Government, poration, the anchor of the national neigh­ (9) to increase resources available to borhood housing services network, was char­ neighborhood housing services network pro­ neighborhood leaders, local governments and tered by Congress more than 10 years ago to businesses. grams for foreclosure intervention and pre­ revitalize neighborhoods for the benefit of vent.ion; itnd As with the legislation I introduced late in current residents by mobilizing public, pri­ the 1OOth Congress, this new proposal will vate, and community resources at the neigh­ (10) to create additional neighborhood maintain the current services of the corpora­ borhood level; housing services partnership organizations tion while providing a new authorization for an (3) the national neighborhood housing to serve rural communities, Native Ameri­ orderly expansion of the capacity of the neigh­ services network has proven its worth as a cans, Native Hawaiians, and other communi­ successful cost-effective program relying ties in need. borhood housing services over the next 5 largely on local initiative for the specific years. The effective NHS rental programs, re­ design of local programs; SEC. 3. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. habilitation programs, and secondary market's (4) the national neighborhood housing loan purchasing capacity will be expanded services network has had more than 10 Section 608(a) of the Neighborhood Rein­ along with the innovative program of mutual years of experience in revitalizing declining vestment Corporation Act (42 U.S.C. housing associations. neighborhoods, creating housing for low­ 8107(a)) is amended to read as follows: An important new provision of this 1989 ver­ and mdoerate-income families, and equip­ "(a)(l) There are authorized to be appro­ sion will allow NHS organizations to become ping residents with skills and resources re­ priated to the corporation to carry out this quired to maintain safe and healthy commu­ title $62,000,000 for fiscal year 1990, more involved in efforts to preserve privately nities; and owned low-income housing units which are in $92,100,000 for fiscal year 1991, and such <5> expanding upon the existing capabili­ sums as may be necessary for each of the danger of being lost due to the prepayment of ties, resources, and potential of the national fiscal years 1992 through 1994. the mortgages. This provision is timely be­ neighborhood housing services network is a cause more than 500,000 affordable housing cost-effective response to the affordable "(2) Of the amount appropriated pursuant units could be lost within the next 15 years housing and neighborhood revitalization to this subsection for each of the fiscal and converted to higher-cost housing. needs confronting the Nation, and is a years 1990 through 1994, amounts appropri­ ated in excess of the amount necessary to Neighborhood housing services is succe·ss­ strong preventive measure in addressing the national tragedy of homelessness. continue existing services of the Neighbor­ ful. The existing network of local, neighbor­ Purpose.-It is the purpose of this Act hood Reinvestment Corporation in revitaliz­ hood-based organizations is currently impact­ to authorize appropriations for the Neigh­ ing declining neighborhoods shall be avail­ ing the lives of 2.9 million Americans. By the borhood Reinvestment Corporation for able- end of fiscal year 1989, NHS will be responsi­ fiscal years 1990 through 1994 to permit the corporation- " to expand the national neighborhood ble for the direct rehabilitation of over 90,000 housing services network and to assist net­ housing units. When NHS revitalizes neighbor­ <1) to carefully expand the capacities of the national neighborhood housing services work capacity development, including ex­ hoods, there is a visible improvement in the pansion of rental housing resources; homes and streets, but something just as im­ network; <2> to begin to meet the urgent need for "(B) to expand the loan purchase capacity portant although less visible also occurs-the neighborhood housing services and mutual of the national neighorhood housing serv­ community spirit is reinvigorated. It is that housing associations in neighborhoods ices secondary market operated by Neigh­ community development that guarantees our across the Nation as the effort to preserve borhood Housing Services of America; investment will create a better environment for affordable housing for low- and moderate­ " to make grants to provide incentives families and will preserve the neighborhood income American families increases; to extend low-income housing use in con­ and its affordable housing units for years to (3) to increase and provide ongoing techni­ cal and capacity development assistance to junction with a plan of action approved by come. the Secretary of Housing and Urban Devel­ As an example of their good work, in my neighborhood housing services and related public-private partnership-based nonprofit opment in accordance with title II of the own area of St. Paul and Minneapolis, the institutions involved in the revitalization of Housing and Community Development Act Twin Cities Neighborhood Housing Services neighborhoods for the benefit of current of 1987; [TCNHS] partnership of residents, business residents, rehabilitation, preservation of ex­ "(D) to increase the resources available to leaders and local government can be credited isting housing stock, and production of addi­ the national neighborhood housing services for some 550 home improvement projects tional housing opportunities for low- and network programs for the purchase of mul­ worth more than $2.8 million in 1988. Since moderate-income families: tifamily and single-family properties owned 1976, TCNHS has generated more than $30.3 (4) to expand the loan purchase capacity by the Secretary of Housing and Urban De­ million of direct reinvestment in just four of our of the national neighborhood housing serv­ ices secondary market, operated by Neigh­ velopment for rehabilitation the Findings.-The Congress finds that­ single-family properties owned by the Secre­ (1) protecting the existing stock of unsub­ tary of Housing and Urban Development for following new paragraph: sidized privately-held lower income housing rehabilitation (if necessary) and sale to low­ "(8) Grants made by the Neighborhood through the rehabilitation and revitaliza­ and moderate-income families; Reinvestment Corporation pursuant to sec­ tion of declining neighborhoods is essential (8) to expand the national mutual housing tion 608(a)(2)(C) of the Neighborhood Rein­ to a national housing policy that seeks to in- association demonstration by providing vestment Corporation Act.''. March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5283 MAYOR TOM BRADLEY'S VISION First, Los Angeles will continue to invest est and most profitable, and L.A. harbor net FOR LOS ANGELES wisely in her own future: income is up one thousand percent. In 1973 Our place at the center of Pacific Rim our airport was ill-equipped to serve inter­ trade is no accident of climate or geography. national traders; now we are the world's HON. JULIAN C. DIXON We have made our own future by construct­ second-busiest cargo airport. OF CALIFORNIA ing a vast water supply system, dramatically Yes, we have had successes. But we cannot IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES expanding our international airport and let up. The world competition is unrelent­ harbor, and providing a social environment ing, and we must stay at the top of our Thursday, March 23, 1989 that nurtures and inspires creativity. game. I intend to do just that. Mr. DIXON. Mr. Speaker, under the leader­ But this is no time to rest. Japan and the Third, Los Angeles will continue to play ship of Mayor Tom Bradley, Los Angeles has other Pacific Rim economies succeed be­ an important part in the great national de­ truly secured its place as a world city. In the cause they invest in the future; we cannot bates that shape America's world role: The primary tasks of local government are last 20 years, Los Angeles has emerged as an afford to miss a beat. So we will continue to modernize our international airport, which to protect the peace, pave the roads, pre­ international center of commerce, culture, in­ already has undergone a seven hundred mil­ serve social harmony. But I submit to you novation and ideas. Its potential today re­ lion dollar expansion and renovation. When that cities have the right-indeed, even the mains boundless. In Los Angeles we see the it comes to attracting tourists and handling obligation-to be part of the great national future direction of our country. profitable air cargo, Los Angeles Interna­ debate on world issues-from foreign trade Last month, in a far-reaching speech before tional Airport will be second-to-none. And policies to opposing South African apart­ the World Affairs Council, Mayor Bradley of­ our five hundred million dollar Convention heid. fered his vision of the city's future. He outlined Center expansion will house great interna­ The right of cities to be heard on these four broad goals that would enable the city to tinal exhibitions-and give business people crucial issues derives from two fundamental and tourists yet another reason to visit Los principles. harness its energy and "rise to new heights in Angeles. First, local government is closest to the the 21st century." Our harbor is in the midst of its year people. One of the few ways citizens can He called for more investment in the city's twenty-twenty plan, a five billion dollar really be heard is through locally elected of­ future, such as modernizing infrastructure and modernization program that will cement its ficials. America's large cities have now maintaining a social environment conducive to status as the world's central point of entry become what the constitutional Framers en­ creativity. He showed how the city can provide for Pacific Rim trade. And I strongly sup­ visioned: True social laboratories for the ex­ services to increase international trade and in­ port the Consolidated Transportation Corri­ pression of all views and the incubation of vestment. He said that the people of Los An­ dor Project to strengthen and expand high­ new, innovative policies. Much of the time, way and rail links to the port. This project of course, we local officials stand aside to geles should continue to be heard on world will protect thirty-six thousand jobs and watch the action in the world arena. But, in issues, as when the city initiated antiapartheid forty-six billion dollars in trade-and help some cases, our citizens see national policies sanctions against South Africa 5 years ago. get trucks off our roads. that are especially objectionable. When this And he warned that the city should remain a But most of all, we must have the fore­ occurs cities have the obligation to make model of tolerance and respect for all the sight of the leaders who turned California the dissenting voices of their citizens heard. world's people and resist calls of intolerance desert into a great metropolis. We can Sometimes, as with the nuclear arms race, against foreigners who do business in the city. afford to do no less. our actions may be limited to largely sym­ As the mayor said: Second, Los Angeles will lead America into bolic steps. Other times, as with anti-apart­ world economic competition: heid initiatives and trade policy, cities have We will achieve these goals with hard While sector after sector of the American the opportunity to take substantive steps. work, consistent innovation, and a world economy has foundered in the world mar­ In all cases, though, the involvement of vision that is equal to our city's position at ketplace, Southern California's businesses cities serves two essential functions: Our na­ the frontier of the future. Let us begin our are competing vigorously against all comers. tional leaders are put on notice that they work, guided not only just by the search for The reasons are no secret. Los Angeles has may have overstepped the limits of public economic success. Let us always be guided attracted the best and the brightest entre­ tolerance. And Washington's bureaucrats by a cause that is greater than any of us: preneurs-risk-takers who look boldly to the may be persuaded by new, successful local Making Los Angeles-and the world-a just future. We welcome innovation, creativity initiatives that there are many different and good place for our children and their and change. ways to solve problems. dreams. Just as important, we see what we are up The obligation of cities to speak out rests Mayor Bradley has given an important against, and we are determined to meet the on a second principle: The impacts of many speech and I submit it here for my colleagues challenge. national policies are felt first-and, ulti­ to see where the great city of Los Angeles will What's more, we know we are on our own. mately, most profoundly-by America's be heading in the coming century. The days of Washington and Sacramento as cities. This is not surprising. Modern Ameri­ centers of primary financial support are can cities are the engines that drive this na­ The speech follows: over. Our time has now come; by necessity tion's economy. But more than that, our Los ANGELES: THE STATE OF THE as well as choice, we must be the engine of cities are lightening rods for the frustration INTERNATIONAL CITY innovation and change in Los Angeles. and despair that are borne of ill-conceived We meet at a special time in the history of That's why I established, in cooperation national policies. Los Angeles. After two decades of great with the Export-Import Bank of the United As America's second largest city, Los An­ achievements-and some disappointments­ States, a new program we call L.A. Export. geles has come face-to-face with many of of bold ideas and boundless energy-we L.A. Export is America's first and only mu­ these weighty national questions. We, along have become a world city-a city of true nicipal agency to offer a full range of export with many other cities, have played a cru­ international consequence, poised to play a banking and insurance services to medium­ cial role in the debate over America's policy key role in the world of the twenty-first cen­ and small-size businesses. In its first three toward South Africa's vicious apartheid tury. months L.A. Export has already supported regime. When we initiated our anti-apart­ So we stand on the brink of a new era-an over thirteen million dollars in export sales. heid sanctions five years ago, the national era bursting with opportunities and filled And that's just the beginning. We will con­ Administration's policy toward South Africa with challenges. I am not here today solely tinue to expand this program to make City failed to recognize the moral bankruptcy of to look back, or to recite the familiar statis­ Hall a one-stop, comprehensive center for the policy of apartheid. But grassroots pro­ tics that validate our place as crossroads be­ international trade and investment services. tests-begun outside South Africa's embassy tween East and West, North and South, in I am proud that my Administration has and culminating in the wide-ranging sanc­ the world marketplace. We know where we constantly looked abroad to create jobs here tions, led by Los Angeles, adopted by cities are; the central task of our leadership is to in Southern California. My trade missions and states, and finally, by the Congress­ decide where we are going, and how we shall on behalf of our harbor and airport have helped create a positive shift in national get there. always produced results. Since I took office policy. For my part, I propose four fundamental in 1973 foreign trade has created almost But we still have a long way to go. So Los goals-the pillars on which the internation­ 200,000 new jobs, and hundreds of thou­ Angeles continues to refuse to do business al city of Los Angeles can rise to new sands of other jobs have been created indi­ with companies that provide economic sup­ heights in the twenty-first century; the rectly because of our foreign trade efforts. port for apartheid. We've hit these compa­ principles by which our city can live and When I took office our harbor was a back­ nies hard, where it hurts-in the bottom prosper in the competitive world economy. water port; now the Los Angeles-Long line. We've persuaded many to withdraw This is my agenda for the future. Beach harbor complex is the nation's larg- from South Africa; we've disqualified hun- 5284 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 dreds of others from lucrative city con­ LOUISIANA RESEARCHERS brary and Information Science Profession tracts. And we will not let up until Ameri­ HONORED National Award from the American Library ca's economic support for apartheid has Association. LSU. ceased. Dr. Patsy Perritt, VOYA Award for Re­ Fourth, Los Angeles will be a model of tol­ HON. RICHARD H. BAKER search in Young Adult Literature. National erance and respect for all the world's OF LOUISIANA Award from the American Library Associa­ people: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion. LSU. Some politicians find it fashionable to rail Mr. Perrott Bacot, Book Entitled "Nine­ against foreign investment-to conjure up Thursday, March 23, 1989 teenth Century Lighting, Candle Powered images of foreign economic takeovers. At its Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, Phi Delta Kappa Devices: 1783-1883". LSU. best, this is nothing but political grand­ is a society of professional educators that are Dr. James Remsen, Jr. and Dr. Robert standing. But at its worst, this is a danger­ Zink, Elected to Fellow Status in the Amer­ ous strain of racism that must be vigorously dedicated to the improvement of public educa­ tion. This year marks the 50th anniversary of icvan Ornithologists' Union. LSU. rebutted. Make no mistake about it: Some Dr. D. Constantinides, Guest Composer at who criticize foreign investment are really the Louisiana State University Phi Delta the Festival of New Music, Montgomery expressing outright prejudice against non­ Kappa Chapter. School of Fine Arts in Alabama. LSU. Anglo participants in the Los Angeles econ­ This year 50 education leaders will receive Dr. Anthony Fletcher, Achieved Diplomat omy. We simply must not tolerate such recognition for their contributions to their disci­ Status through the American College of narrow-mindedness. Let us be constantly Laboratory Animal Medicine. LSU. vigilant against those who would pull us plines. These men and women exemplify an apart. attitude that strives for excellence in educa­ Dr. Dorothy Pashley, Biochemical Taxon­ The facts show that we should welcome tion. I am attaching a list composed of the omy of Insects. LSU. foreign investment, not criticize it. Foreign names of the outstanding Louisiana research­ Dr. N. Murai, Gene Transfer in Plants. investment creates new jobs for our workers ers to be honored for his or her accomplish­ LSU. Dr. Kenneth White, Biotechnology Relat­ and new taxes for our government. In the ment. I extend my sincere appreciation to Los Angeles area, over two hundred thou­ ed Research in Animals. LSU. each of these professionals as they work to Dr. Robert Mathews, Cognitive Processes. sand new jobs have been created by Japa­ strengthen our Nation by teaching our leaders nese investment alone. And Japan is not LSU. even the biggest foreign investor in our of tomorrow. Dr. Albert Meier and Dr. Anthony Cin­ economy. Foreign investment allows the PHI DELTA KAPPA HONORS RESEARCHERS cotta, Research on Diabetes and Cancer. transfer of new management skills and tech­ NAME, AWARDS, AND EMPLOYER LSU. Dr. Oscar Huh, Earth Satellite Tracking nology and helps open new markets for Dr. Tesfa Gebremedhin, Southern Chan­ American goods and services. In 1988 alone, Station. LSU. cellor Research Excellence Award. South­ Dr. Sundaraj Iyengar, Robotics. LSU. a Los Angeles subsidiary of Honda exported ern. two hundred and fifty million dollars in Dr. Charles D'Agostino, Promoting New Dr. Robert Godke, Louisiana's Professor Business in LA through the LA Business American products, including cars, cattle, of the Year by the Council for the Advance­ lumber and crops. And new immigrants, and Technology Center. LSU. ment and Support of Education. LSU. Dr. Earl Doomes, Fluorescent Carcinogen­ with new ideas and new energy, bolster our Dr. Samuel F. Meyers, Distinguished Re­ economy. like Bridged Annulenes. Southern. The dangers of foreign investment have search Master Awarded by LSU and Exem­ Dr. Michael Daugherty, CADGIS Net: A been vastly exaggerated. Across this coun­ plary Service Gold Medal. National Award Unified, Intersystem, Multi-Zoned Comput­ try, less than two percent of commercial from the World Aquaculture Society. LSU. er-Aided-Design Environment. LSU. real estate is owned by foreign interests. In Dr. James Avault, Exemplary Service Dr. Diana Miller and Dr. Ron Good, Up­ fact, of all foreign countries investing in Gold Medal, National Award from the World Aquaculture Society. LSU. grading Subject Matter and Teaching Meth­ America, Japan ranks third behind Great ods of Upper Elementary Math-Science. Britain and the Netherlands. Only four per­ Dr. David MacKenzie, Named Director of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Na­ LSU. cent of the corporate stock of America is Mrs. Rebecca Christian and Mr. Sam Per­ owned by foreigners. What's more, for each tional Biological Impact Assessment Pro­ gram. LSU. nier, Development of the Louisiana Exit Ex­ asset sold to a foreign interest, an American amination-Issues and Implications. LA buyer has received his fair price. And these Dr. H. Jesse Walker, Named Editor of "Ar­ tificial Structures and Shorelines", a New Dept. of Ed. American profits are freed for other produc­ Dr. Sylvia Torbet and Myrtle Kerr, Louis­ tive purposes. International Publication on World Shore­ lines and Man's Impact Upon Them. LSU. iana State of the Arts Survey Funded by So don't let cheap political rhetoric ob­ Louisiana Alliance for Arts Education and scure the facts: Foreign investment in Los Dr. Jesse M. Jaynes, Named a Distin­ guished Scholar by the Rochester Museum Louisiana Division of the Arts. LA Dept. of Angeles is the natural consequence of Ed. globalization. I won't shrink from new of Science and Technology. LSU. Dr. Bruce Williamson, Re-elected Vice Dr. Janella Rachal and Diane Garbo, A global economic realities. I will meet them Three-Year Longitudinal Study of the Sus­ head-on. I will welcome and encourage for­ President for Education of the National Or­ ganization for Tropical Studies. LSU. tained Effects of Early Childhood Educa­ eign investment. And I will anxiously meet tion on the Kindergarten and the First­ the competitive challenges presented by Dr. Mark S. Hafner, Elected to the Board such investment. of Directors of the American Society of Grade Performance of Former Program For we are truly an international city-it Mammalogists. LSU. Participants. LA Dept. is our strength and our future. Our toler­ Dr. Frank R. Groves, Named a Fellow of Dr. Janella Rachal and Barbara Abshire, ance for all people is the wellspring of our the American Institute of Chemical Engi­ Interim Evaluation Report: 1987-88 Early innovative economy; our multi-cultural her­ neers. LSU. Childhood Development Program. LA Dept. itage is the foundation for our world leader­ Dr. Earl Doomes, White House Initiative of Ed. ship in science, culture and social harmony. 1988 Faculty Award for Excellence in Sci­ Dr. Janella Rachal and Dr. Janie Ponth­ These, then, are my goals for Los Ange­ ence and Technology. Southern. ieux, A National Study of High School les-the world city: A city that invests Dr. Ralph Portier, Manville Corp.'s First Graduation Requirements and Multiple wisely in her own future; a city that leads Award for Excellence and Goethals Medal, Curricula Offerings in the Secondary America into world economic competition; a an Annual Distinction by the Society of Schools Across the United States. LA Dept. city that plays an important part in the American Military Engineers for His Work of Ed. great national debates that shape America's in Developing a Versatile Group of More Dr. Paulette Thomas and Associates, Va­ world role; a city that is a model of toler­ Than 300 Hazardous Waste-Rating Mi­ lidity of the Gifted Student Screening ance and respect for all the world's people. crobes. LSU. Scale. LA Dept. of Ed. We will achieve these goals with hard Dr. Doris MacKenzie, Appointed Research Dr. Ara Arman, Geotechnical and Soil work, constant innovation, and a world Scholar at the National Institute of Justice Stabilization. LSU. vision that is equal to our city's position at in Washington, D.C. LSU. Dr. Jack B. Parker, Inmate's Future Be­ the frontier of the future. Let us begin our Dr. Bert R. Boyce and Dr. Danny Wallace, havior on Release from New Programs. work, guided not just by the search for eco­ Shera Research Award from the American LSU. nomic success. Let us always be guided by Library Association. National Award for the Dr. Laura Lemoine, Programs to Increase the cause that is greater than any of us: Most Outstanding Research Paper in Li­ Women and Minorities in Engineering and Making Los Angeles-and the world-a just brary and Information Science. LSU. the Sciences. LSU. and good place for our children and their Dr. Kathleen Heim, Equality Award for Dr. Sharon A. Hogan, LA Newspaper dreams. Contributing to Gender Equality in the Li- Project. LSU. March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5285 Dr. Daniel Sher, Contributions by Out­ achieve their full potential, because of the "REPORTS standing Guest Artists. LSU. great need and lack of specific focus, dyslexic "SEC. 693. Each agency or institution Dr. Judith Schiabout, Museum of Geosci­ students are not being served. This bill will that receives a grant under this part shall ence's "Chinese Connection". LSU. report annually to the Secretary on the Dr. Jing-Fong Wei, Department of Energy provide a specific service for a large group of children who can be helped to lead a more progress of the program assisted under the Funded Project "Determination of Mydro­ grant and the expenditure of funds pursu­ gen Bonding Functionalities in Coal Liq­ productive, active, and fulfilling life, and I urge ant to the application. uids." Southern. my colleagues to support it. "(b) The Secretary shall biannually Dr. Mildred Smallery, "Research Experi­ H.R.- submit to the appropriate committees of the ences for Undergraduates" Grant from the Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Congress a report on the progress of each National Science Foundation, 1968 through Representatives of the United States of program that receives a grant under this 1991." Southern. America in Congress assembled, part, including an evaluation of the effec­ Dr. Diola Begayoko, State Board of Re­ tiveness of each such program. gents Grant for Computational Physics as SECTION I. AMENDMENT TO THE EDUCATION OF Applied to Condensed Matter Theory. The THE HANDICAPPED ACT. "AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS Principal Investigator in the MISIP The Education of the Handicapped Act is "SEc. 694. There are authorized to be ap­ Progress Awarded to the College of Sciences amended by adding at the end the following propriated to carry out this part such sums by the National Science Foundation. South­ new part: as may be necessary for each fiscal year be­ ern. "PART I-PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN WITH ginning after September 30, 1989. Dr. Kenneth M. Maloney, The Dynamics DYSLEXIA "DEFINITION of Fluid Flow in Porous Media Presented at "PROGRAM AUTHORIZED "SEC. 695. For purposes of this part, the the NASA Space Workshop. Southern. "SEC. 691. (a) The Secretary is authorized term 'dyslexia' means a disorder of constitu­ Dr. Joanne Daniloff, Cell Adhesion Mole­ to make a grant to each of 10 eligible State tional origin manifested by a difficulty in cules in Nerve Regeneration. LSU. and local educational agencies and private learning to read, write, or spell despite con­ educational institutions that have an appli­ ventional instruction and adequate intelli­ EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN cation approved under this part for pur­ gence.". WITH DYSLEXIA ACT poses of carrying out programs that show promise of effectively addressing the educa­ tional needs of elementary and secondary THE COMMON SENSE BUDGET HON. ROBERT GARCIA school children with dyslexia. ACT OF 1989 OF NEW YORK "(b)(l) Funds made available under a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grant under this part may be used for- "(A) voluntary testing of students for dys­ HON. BILL FRENZEL Thursday, March 23, 1989 lexia, including professional evaluation and OF MINNESOTA parental participation; Mr. GARCIA. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ducing a bill which will address the needs of a "(B) training designed to assist teachers population of students that often go undetect­ to- Thursday, March 23, 1989 "(i) understand the nature of dyslexia as a ed or unnoticed-children with dyslexia. At learning disability; Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ this time, there are no Federal programs spe­ "(ii) recognize symptoms of dyslexia dis­ troducing the Common Sense Budget Act to cifically designed to test and treat children played by students in classroom settings; change the way the Congress approaches the with this particular learning disability. and Federal budget. This bill would require the My bill, the Education for Children With Dys­ "(iii) establish and improve appropriate President and the Congressional Budget Com­ lexia Act, will authorize the Secretary of Edu­ instructional techniques and communica­ mittees to draft their budgets based on actual cation to make 1O demonstration project tion skills for use with children with dys­ prior year spending levels rather than on a grants to eligible State and local educational lexia; current services baseline. " educational materials; and agencies and private educational institutions "(D) planning and implementing activi­ The past few years have been frustrating to provide appropriate classroom instruction to ties. ones for congressional budgeting. Despite our elementary and secondary school children "(2) Not more than 10 percent of funds prodigious efforts to enact what we thought with dyslexia. made available under a grant under this were budget cuts, our deficit still hovers at in­ Although title Ill of the Education of the part may be used for administrative pur­ tolerable levels. It has become obvious that, Handicapped Act-Public Law 94-112-does poses. when we are forced to operate from a current contain programs for children with learning "(c) The Secretary, through the Office of services baseline, even restraining the growth disabilities, no grants have been used specifi­ Educational Research and Improvement, of Federal spending becomes a nearly impos­ shall evaluate and disseminate materials cally to identify children with dyslexia and train and programs developed with assistance sible task. teachers with the skills necessary for teaching under this part. The experience of the budget summit these children. Despite normal or above-aver­ agreement of 1987 illustrates how the current "APPLICATIONS age IQ's, children with this disability often do services approach handcuffs the Congress "SEc. 692. (a) A grant may be made under when it tries to restrain Federal spending. The not perform well in school, are sometimes this part only upon application to the Secre­ treated as mentally retarded or emotionally tary. at such time, in such form, and con­ circumstances for deficit reduction at the end disturbed, and have a higher than average taining or accompanied by such information of 1987 seemed promising-Gramm-Rudman rate of delinquency. as the Secretary may require. Each such ap­ sequestration, the stock market crash, and Children who receive appropriate attention plication shall include a plan that makes public exasperation with Federal deficit levels do better in school and society. Early detec­ provision for- were all pushing Congress toward substantial tion will enhance the performance of these "( 1) testing children for dyslexia; deficit reduction. children in school and reduce the likelihood "(2) training teachers in appropriate tech­ Responding to these pressures, Congress niques for instructing children with dys­ enacted $76 billion in deficit reduction, much that they drop out or turn to delinquency. I lexia; and want to reach out to these children with a pro­ "(3) appropriate instruction, curricula, of this in so-called cuts from the current serv­ gram specifically tailored to their needs. and facilities to address the educational ices baseline. In fact, however, in the last 2 Mr. Speaker, the Education for Children needs of children with dyslexia. years, spending has increased 15 percent and With Dyslexia Act provides a service for thou­ "(b) In awarding grants as authorized by our deficit is $20 billion higher than it was in sands of young people who are slipping this part, the Secretary shall- 1987. Following our experience in the 1987 through the cracks of our educational system. "(1) consider the likelihood that each ap­ summit, we could have renamed the current The responses I have received from educa­ plicant will fulfill the purposes of this part; services baseline the smoke and mirrors "(2) consider the degree of commitment of tors, scholars, concerned parents, and learn­ each applicant as indicated by the applica­ baseline. ing disability groups has been positive and tion; and It is imperative that we move away from a supportive. "(3) award grants in a manner that pro­ baseline which assumes automatic growth in Although existing programs authorized by vides that highest quality instruction to the all programs and which allows even substan­ EHA might be used to help dyslexic students greatest number of children. tial increases to be counted as cuts. A budget 5286 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 process which starts with current, known I worked closely with Don Jaime while he Benitez did. Benitez had become, almost lit­ spending levels would allow for a more honest was Resident Commissioner. We have re­ erally, an institution. To attack him was to assessment of where our national priorities lie mained friends since then. attack the University of Puerto Rico. In a sense, it was Benitez's finest moment. and what programs deserve increased fund­ I cosponsored his legislation to approve a But he was deeply hurt. The idea of the Sun ing. proposed Compact of Permanent Union be­ worshiping anything sounds absurd. But A current level, commonsense baseline also tween the United States and Puerto Rico. He Benitez came close to worshiping Munoz. would allow the American people to have a was best man at my wedding. Later he returned to Munoz's side, remained better understanding of how the Federal Gov­ Our former colleagues accomplished an­ till his death, and today is at the side of ernment is spending their tax dollars. Our con­ other achievement shortly after the adjourn­ Munoz's widow, Dofia Ines, totally dedicated stituents don't, and shouldn't have to, under­ ment of the 1OOth Congress. Don Jaime to the Munoz legacy. stand the arcane language of current services. turned BO. He was my first reporting assignment This milestone was marked in a column back in 1959 and I was struck by the heat The public deserves an honest budget, where generated by his just being there. By then cuts and increases have the same meaning which reviewed his career in the respected he was opposed not only by the small, at as they would in any family budget. San Juan Star. It was written by Alex Maldon­ times violent, radical student and faculty This bill makes three changes to the current ado, one of Puerto Rico's most insightful jour­ groups, but by what was then being called budget law: nalists. the "new generation" in the Popular Demo­ First, it would require the President's budget I ask unanimous consent to include the cratic Party. Most of these young men and to estimate spending for the current year and column in the RECORD at this point so that our women had been Benitez's proteges. But one then recommend any increases-or de­ colleagues may better understand a great in­ by one these Ivy League-trained profession­ als turned emotionally against him. creases-from that level. Automatic growth tellectual and political force who contributed so much to our fellow Americans in Puerto What was it about Benitez? Yes, he had would not be assumed. The President is now practically built the university. He was radi­ required to submit his budget on a current Rico. cal in his defense of academic freedom. He services basis, assuming current law in­ [From the San Juan Star, Oct. 27, 19881 clearly loved the students and most of them creases for all programs. JAIME BENITEZ AT AGE 80 loved him. Second, it would require the Budget Com­ block highly appropriate moment to reflect on the ence education for all students, not just those grant program to provide States with funds for fight for freedom being waged by the Jews of who choose scientific and engineering ca­ a wide range of public and private care op­ the Soviet Union. At long last, the steady reers. tions. Such grants could fund before- and exodus of our courageous brethren has I want to commend the American Associa­ after-school programs, infant care, provider begun. tion for the Advancement of Science [AAAS] training, programs for sick and homeless kids A year ago, I stood in this Chamber and de­ for its leadership in addressing these needs. and the startup costs of employer-sponsored scribed the plight of Soviet Jews as a poign­ Project 2061 is a long term, three phase initia­ day-care centers. ant mix of hope and disappointment. This tive sponsored by the AAAS aimed at achiev­ This legislation would also lend support to year, I sincerely believe that the current situa­ ing scientific literacy for all Americans. Project day-care providers in ways that would enable tion is as hopeful as it has ever been. Having 2061 takes a fresh look at science education: more of them to enter and succeed in the visited the Soviet Union twice in the last sev­ what needs to be learned, how it should be field, and attract underground providers into eral months, I have personally witnessed how taught, and how to convert these recommen- the State-sanctioned child-care network. For General Secretary Gorbachev's economic and March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5289 political reforms have begun to chip away at has been in the forefront of efforts to prevent PRESIDENT CARTER'S GREAT the iciness of the cold war. Gradually, the birth defects and infant mortality through re­ ACT OF STATESMANSHIP United States and the Soviet Union are search, education, and treatment. moving from confrontation to some limited Over the past year I have worked closely HON. ROBERT LINDSAY THOMAS form of cooperation. with the March of Dimes to combat a large OF GEORGIA The slow warming trend between our two and growing cause of death and disability IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES countries has had positive consequences for among our Nation's infants: Drug use by their Soviet Jews. Over 19,000 Jews were allowed pregnant mothers. Sadly, as many as 375,000 Thursday, March 23, 1989 to emigrate in 1988. This was the highest babies-1 O percent-born in the United Mr. THOMAS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, one number in almost a decade and 20 times the States are exposed to cocaine before birth of our distinguished colleagues, HENRY J. horrendous low point of 914 Jews in 1986. every year. Women using drugs during preg­ HYDE from Illinois, wrote an excellent column This year, tens of thousands of Jews will be nancy place their infants at a greater risk for for the Los Angeles Times that was reprinted granted the freedom to enter the Holy Land, miscarriages, premature birth, malformation, in the Atlanta Journal and Constitution sug­ Israel, or the "Goldenah Medinah," the United developmental problems, and crib death. gesting that former President Jimmy Carter be States. They will be joined by thousands of awarded this year's Nobel Peace Prize. non-Jews who also seek to throw off the yoke These tiny victims of drug abuse can be sub­ ject to a withdrawal period of 4 to 6 months, The sentiments that Mr. HYDE expressed in of Soviet oppression. Yes, the gates are his column are echoed by myself and I am opening. with symptoms including irritability, poor feed­ ing, excessive crying and brain damaging certain by many of our colleagues here in the The cycles of Jewish history have taught us, U.S. House of Representatives. President however, that we cannot afford to be compla­ strokes. There is hope for reducing the tragedy of Carter's great act of statesmanship during the cent. We must keep open the gates. We must Camp David accords has had a lasting effect drug-addicted infants. Research shows that ensure that each and every Soviet Jew can on the relationship between the countries of pregnancy offers a window of opportunity for leave that country or, if he so wishes, stay Egypt and Israel, the Middle East, and across helping women to free themselves from sub­ and freely practice the tenets of his faith. the world. And we must also rededicate ourselves to stance abuse. I had the privilege of working At this point, I would like to insert Mr. the other Jewish communities that crave free­ with the Twin Cities Chapter of the March of HYDE'S column into the RECORD as a tribute dom and yearn to live in dignity. Let us not Dimes to disseminate information about drug to President Carter's past efforts for world forget the 4,000 Syrian Jews, who live in con­ treatment to health care professionals gath­ peace and in support of his selection for the stant fear of violence and persecution. And let ered at the conference "Mothers and Babies 1989 Nobel Peace Prize. us continue to fight for the beleaguered Jews at Risk-the Cocaine Epidemic." In addition, a of Ethiopia, who are threatened by the rav­ GIVE CARTER NOBEL PEACE PRIZE FOR THE provision which I authored to increase sub­ CAMP DAVID ACCORDS ages of starvation and the murderous policies stance abuse treatment programs for preg­ of the Ethiopian Government. The term "Governor" means the chief participants with existing community serv­ executive of a State. ess. ice programs administered by the State, a (3) The term "institution of higher educa­ Right now we are witnesses to the tragedy subdivision of the State, or a nonprofit or­ tion" has the meaning given to such term in in the Sudan, where both sides in an armed ganization, section 1201. by inserting "and SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ed, to the maximum extent practicable, on of international humanitarian law" after This Act may be cited as the "Aid for De­ those countries with the highest rates of "rights". velopment Act". under-5 mortality.". SEC. 105. PRIVATE AND VOLUNTARY ORGANIZA­ TITLE II-FINDINGS AND FUNDING SEC. 103. EDUCATION. TIONS. (a) EARMARKING.-Section 123(f} of the SEC. 101. FINDINGS REGARDING THE ROLE OF FOR­ (a) EARMARKING FOR BASIC EDUCATION.­ EIGN ASSISTANCE. Section 105 of the Foreign Assistance Act of Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended­ (1) by striking out "1986 through 1989" The Congress finds that- 1961 is amended by adding at the end the following: and inserting in lieu thereof "1990 through <1) the Congress has consistently support­ 1992"; ed efforts to improve the health and well­ " Not less than 50 percent of funds au­ (2) by striking out "thirteen and one-half" being of children and mothers, in particular thorized to be appropriated to carry out this and inserting in lieu thereof " 18"; and through funds voted for the Child Survival section each fiscal year shall be available (3) by striking out "sixteen" and inserting Fund to support immunization, oral rehy­ only for programs in basic primary and sec­ in lieu thereof "20". dration therapy, improved nutrition, and ondary education. Basic education can in­ (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.-The amendments other essential interventions. and through clude increasing the relevance of formal made by this section take effect on October other funds provided by the Congress and education systems to the needs of the poor 1, 1989. used by the Agency for International Devel­ basic education is essential for the de­ teaching methods, and improved teacher (a) INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION.-The velopment of the knowledge, skills, and pro­ training. It can also include expending and first sentence of section 401 applies to fiscal year (b) AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION.­ ance, increasing difficulties caused by pro­ 1990 and each fiscal year thereafter. Section 510 of the African Development tagonists in civil conflicts, who have used Foundation Act is amended by striking out food and other humanitarian items as weap­ SEC. 104. HUMAN RIGHTS. all of the first sentence that follows "pur­ ons in their struggles; (a) HUMAN RIGHTS CRITERIA FOR ECONOMIC pose," and inserting in lieu thereof <4> international humanitarian law, in­ ASSISTANCE RECIPIENTS.-Section 116(a) of "$15,000,000 for fiscal year 1990." cluding the Geneva Conventions of 1949, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is TITLE II-ASIAN AND PACIFIC recognizes the rights of civilians and non­ amended- DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION combatants in armed conflict, including re­ (1) by inserting "(1)" after "engages in"; spect for the basic dignity of the person, and SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE. free and safe passage of relief supplies, (2) by inserting after "security of person," This title may be cited as the "Asian and access of impartial humanitarian organiza­ the following: "(2) a consistent pattern of Pacific Development Foundation Act". tions providing relief assistance, and the violations of the rights of civilians and non­ SEC. 202. FINDINGS. protection of objects indispensable to the combatants in armed conflict, including vio­ The Congress finds that- survival of the civilian population; lations of the basic dignity of the person, ( 1) social and economic development ulti­ <5> the international exploitation of child denial of free and safe passage of relief sup­ mately depends on the active participation labor remains a serious problem, with child plies, denial of access of impartial humani­ of individuals within a society and on the workers frequently struggling under ex­ tarian relief organizations providing relief enhancement of opportunities for those in­ tremely hazardous conditions which do assistance, and destruction of objects indis­ dividuals; them grave physical, mental, and moral pensable to the survival of the civilian popu­ (2) the development of individuals and in­ harm; lation, or <3> a consistent pattern of viola­ stitutions in countries in Asia and the Pacif­ <6> private and voluntary organizations tions of internationally recognized child ic can benefit by the provision of support have proven themselves to be particularly labor rights. including violations of the for community-based self-help activities; effective in the delivery of development and right of children not to be employed while (3) by enacting title IX of chapter 2 of humanitarian assistance to those most in they are below a minimum age and the part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, need; and right of children below the age of 17 not to and amendments to that Act, the Congress <7> grassroots development efforts are an be employed at night or in occupations that has sought to enable the poor to participate essential component of United States ef­ jeopardize their health, safety, or morals,". in the process of development; forts to promote well-being in the develop­ (b) ANNUAL HUMAN RIGHTS REPORTS.-Sec­ (4) the Inter-American Foundation, estab­ ing world. tion 116 of that Act- lished by Congress in the Foreign Assist­ SEC. 102. CHILD SURVIVAL. <1> in paragraph (1) by striking out "(a)" ance Act of 1969 to support the efforts of FuNDING.-Section 104<2> of the For­ and inserting in lieu thereof ""; the people of Latin America and the Carib­ eign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended by (2) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and bean to solve their development problems, inserting after subparagraph the follow­ (3) as paragraphs <4> and (5), respectively; has demonstrated a successful approach to ing: and development; "(D) Not less than $200,000,000 of the ag­ <3> by inserting after paragraph (1) the <5) the African Development Foundation gregate amount appropriated to carry out following: similar in structure to the Inter-American this subsection <2), in each country de­ United States development programs in 4 of part II shall be made available for fiscal scribed in paragraph (1) or section 502B(b) Africa; and year 1990 for activities described in subpara­ in which armed conflict is occurring, includ­ (6) an Asian and Pacific Development graph .". ing the observance of those rights by both Foundation similar in structure to the (b) AUTHORIZED ACTIVITIES.-Section government and nongovernment forces; Inter-American Foundation and the African 104<2)(A) of that Act is amended- "<3> the status of internationally recog­ Development Foundation, but adapted to <1) by inserting "and maternal malnutri­ nized child labor rights, within the meaning the specific needs of countries in Asia and tion. morbidity, and" after "childhood" in of subsection <3>. in each country de­ the Pacific, can complement current United the second sentence; scribed in paragraph (1) or section States development programs in those coun­ (2) by inserting "safe water programs," 502B(b).". tries. after "diseases," in the second sentence; and (C) DUTIES OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR SEC. 203. ESTABLISHMENT OF FOUNDATION. <3> by inserting after the second sentence HUMAN RIGHTS.-Section 624(f} of that Act (a) ESTABLISHMENT.-There is established the following: "Priority should be given to is amended- a body corporate to be known as the "Asian activities which strengthen the capacity and (1) in paragraph Cl), by inserting "civilians and Pacific Development Foundation" infrastructure of local communities to im­ in situations of armed conflict," after "refu­ to support self-help activities at the SEC. 206. POWERS. local level designed to enlarge opportunities IN GENERAL.-The Foundation, as a SEC. 207. MANAGEMENT. for community development; corporation- (a) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.-The manage­ (3) to stimulate and assist effective and (1) shall have perpetual succession unless ment of the Foundation shall be vested in a expanding participation process; and dissolved by an Act of Congress; · board of directors composed of seven growth of development institutions which defend, in its corporate name in any court members appointed by the President, by are indigenous to particular countries in of competent jurisdiction; and with the advice and consent of the Asia and the Pacific and which can respond (3) may adopt, alter, and use a seal, which Senate. Five members of the Board shall be to the requirements of the poor in those shall be judicially noticed; appointed from private life. Two members countries. <4> may prescribe, amend, and repeal such of the Board shall be appointed from among (b) COOPERATION AND COORDINATION.-The rules and regulations as may be necessary officers and employees of agencies of the Foundation shall carry out the purposes for carrying out the functions of the Foun­ United States concerned with Asian and Pa­ specified in subsection (a) in cooperation dation; cific affairs. All members of the Board shall with, and response to, organizations indige­ <5> may make and perform such contracts be appointed on the basis of their under­ nous to Asia and the Pacific which are rep­ and other agreements with any individual, standing of and sensitivity to community resentative of the needs and aspirations of corporation, or other private or public level development processes. the poor in Asia and the Pacific. In carrying entity however designated and wherever sit­ (b) CHAIRPERSON.-The President shall out such purposes, the Foundation shall, to uated, as may be necessary for carrying out designate one member of the Board to serve the extent possible, coordinate its develop­ the functions of the Foundation; as chairperson of the Board and one ment assistance activities with the activities (6) may determine and prescribe the of the United States Government and pri­ member to serve as vice chairperson of the manner in which its obligations shall be in­ Board. vate, regional, and international organiza­ curred and its expenses allowed and paid, in­ tions. (c) TERMs.-Members of the Board shall cluding expenses for representation not ex­ be appointed for terms of six years, except SEC. 205. FUNCTIONS. ceeding $10,000 in any fiscal year; that of the members first appointed, as des­ (a) ACTIVITIES To BE SUPPORTED.-In order <7> may, as necessary for carrying out the ignated by the President at the time of their to carry out the purposes set forth in sec­ functions of the Foundation, employ and fix appointment, two shall be appointed for tion 204, the Foundation may make grants, the compensation of not to exceed the fol­ loans, and loan guarantees to any indige­ lowing number of persons at any one time: terms of two years and two shall be appoint­ nous private or public group or asso­ fiscal year 1991, and 75 thereafter; Board appointed to fill a vacancy occurring ciation or other indigenous entity in Asia or may lease, purchase, or otherwise ac­ before the expiration of the term for which the Pacific that is engaged in peaceful ac­ quire, own, hold, improve, use, or otherwise that member's predecessor was appointed tivities for- deal in and with such property or any interest therein, wher­ that term. Upon the expiration of his or her stitutions and the support of development ever situated, as may be necessary for carry­ term a member shall continue to serve until efforts initiated by communities themselves; ing out the functions of the Foundation; a successor is appointed and shall have (2) the development of self-evaluation (9) may accept gifts or donations of serv­ qualified. techniques by participants in projects sup­ ices or of property may, with the consent of any agency QuoRuM.-A majority of the Board cific; of the United States, use the information, shall constitute a quorum. (4) the procurement of such technical or services, facilities, and personnel of that (f) PRESIDENT OF THE FOUNDATION.- The other assistance as is deemed appropriate by agency in carrying out the purposes of this Board of Directors shall appoint a president the recipient of such grant, loan, or guaran­ title; and of the Foundation on such terms as the tee, to carry out the purposes of this title; 02) shall have such other powers as may Board may determine. The president of the and be necessary and incident to carrying out Foundation shall receive compensation at a (5) other projects that would carry out this title. rate not to exceed that provided for level IV the purposes set forth in section 204. (b) CONFLICT OF INTEREST RULES.-The of the Executive Schedule under section (b) LIMITATION ON AMOUNT OF ASSISTANCE Foundation shall be a nonprofit corporation 5315 of title 5, United States Code. FOR A PARTICULAR PROJECT.- The tot al and shall have no capital stock. No part of (g) EXPERTS AND CONSULTANTS.-Experts amount of grants, loans, and loan guaran­ its revenue, earnings, or other income or and consultants may be employed by the tees that may be made under this section property shall inure to the benefit of any of Board as authorized by section 3109 of title for a project may not exceed $250,000. its directors, officers, or employees, and 5, United States Code. (c) DISSEMINATION OF INSIGHTS.-The such revenue, earnings, or other income or (h) ADVISORY COUNCIL.- Foundation may disseminate to the Ameri­ property shall only be used from carrying (1) ESTABLISHMENT; MEMBERSHIP.-The can public and to United States and multi­ out the purposes of this title. No director, Board shall establish an advisory council to lateral development institutions insights officer, or employee of the corporation shall be composed of such number of individuals gained from development projects assisted in any manner, directly or indirectly, par­ as may be selected by the Board from under this title. ticipate in the deliberation upon or the de­ among individuals knowledgeable about de­ (d) PRIORITIEs.-In making grants, loans, termination of any question affecting his or velopment activities in Asia and the Pacific. and loan guarantees under subsection . her personal interests or the interests of The advisory council may include entities in 5296 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 Asia and the Pacific that receive grants, the opening of a new front in the federal them "additional record-keeping and report­ loans, or loan guarantees under this title. government's war on drug trafficking. ing" duties. (2) CONSULTATION BY BOARD.-The Board Conscripted into the war are thousands of 8. It facilitates the disclosure of bank shall, at least once year year, consult the ad­ businesses including securities brokers and records to the Justice Department by feder­ visory council concerning the objectives and dealers; auto, yacht and airplane dealers; al banking agencies and the financial activities of the Foundation. real estate brokers; title companies; and, of records of bank "insiders" and "major bor­ (3) ExPENSEs.-Members of the advisory course, every type of financial institution rowers" to Justice and "state law enforce­ council shall receive no compensation for the act's drafters could imagine. ment agencies" by financial institutions and their services but may be allowed travel and The act brings the government's heavy ar­ federal banking agencies. other expenses in accordance with section tillery into bank teller cages, showroom 9. It expands the investigative authority 5703 of title 5, United States code, which are floors, and real estate offices in an effort to and the undercover operations of the IRS incurred by them in the performance of track down and seize the estimated $70 bil­ by permitting its acquisition of "proprietary their functions under this subsection. lion to $80 billion generated annually by the corporations or business entities" for under­ SEC. 208. GOVERNMENT CORPORATION CONTROL drug trade. cover sting operations. ACT. It does so by giving notice to financial in­ 10. It makes attempted tax evasion a pred­ The Foundation shall be subject to the stitutions and other businesses that their icate act to a money-laundering criminal provisions of chapter 91 of title 31, United failure to play by the tough, new rules will charge. States Code, applicable to wholly owned cost them handsomely: A penalty of $10,000 11. It enlists the U.S. Postal Service, and Government corporations. per transaction, per day, per place of busi­ its vaunted postal inspectors unit, as a full­ SEC. 209. LIMITATION ON SPENDING AUTHORITY. ness or branch. fledged member of the federal money-laun­ Any authority provided by this title in­ The message from the government is dering investigating army. volving the expenditure of funds (other clear. Either you cooperate or we will make 12. It authorizes the Treasury Depart­ than the funds made available pursuant to it very expensive for you to continue in ment to negotiate agreements leading to the section 210> shall be effective for a fiscal business ... and don't think that detection establishment of an international currency year only to such extent or in such amounts of your noncompliance will be left to control agency. as are provided in advance in appropriation chance. Relaxation of bank secrecy laws. 13. It directs the Treasury Department to Acts. closer coordination among stronger federal negotiate international agreements leading to mechanisms for the exchange of informa­ SEC. 210. AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS. agencies and the entrance of the Internal Revenue Service into undercover sting oper­ tion and for cooperation in money-launder­ There are authorized to be appropriated ing cases. to carry out this title, in addition to ations will greatly improve the odds of de­ tecting violations. Failing that, in certain circumstances, the amounts otherwise available for that pur­ President is authorized to terminate bank­ pose, $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1990. Funds CLEAN CASH ing relationships with banks in a particular appropriated under this section are author­ Welcome to money laundering. Since Oc­ country, including correspondent accounts. ized to remain available until expended. tober 1986, that activity has been a federal 14. It directs the Treasury Department to crime. Now, the definition of that crime has study the feasibility of withdrawing $100 been expanded, and the regulatory muscle bills as U.S. legal tender and to report to FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: NEW of the Treasury Department, including the Congress by May 1989. BATTLEFIELD IN WAR ON IRS, has been greatly broadened and This comprehensive assault on the life­ DRUGS strengthened. blood of narcotics trafficking and other ille­ Here is a glimpse of what the new federal gal activities angurs serious consequences HON. DANTE B. FASCELL law does: for legitimate businesses that make up a 1. It increases the civil penalty on finan­ major portion of the U.S. economy. OF FLORIDA cial institutions for violation of the regula­ Recent indictments, fines, penalties, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions from $1,000 to $10,000 for each trans­ well-based rumors that a wave of new indict­ Thursday, March 23, 1989 action "for each day the violation continues ments exposing coast-to-coast money-laun­ and at each office, branch, or place of busi­ dering operations indicate that bankers and Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I believe our ness where it occurs." To make matters others who ignore these new responsibilities colleagues will find a recent article on the worse, the government need merely prove do so at their own peril. Like Willie Sutton, Federal Government's crackdown on drug "gross negligence" rather than only "will­ the government has targeted America's fi­ money laundering most interesting. This article fulness" to make the penalty stick. nancial institutions because "that's where was written by Charles A. Intriago, a highly re­ 2. It subjects real or personal property in­ the money is." spected attorney. In it, he explains the in­ volved in money-laundering schemes to civil and criminal forfeiture, but exempts certain creased powers of the Federal Government in financial institutions and Securities Ex­ PREPARING FOR AMERICA'S fighting money laundering that came as part change Commission-regulated entities. FUTURE the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988. The article 3. It prohibits the issuance of bank checks, identifies the importance of using these new cashier's checks, travelers checks, or money legal avenues to track down individuals deal­ orders in amounts of $3,000 or more unless HON. WILLIAM F. GOODLING ing drugs and the consequences for those strict identification and record-keeping pro­ OF PENNSYLVANIA businesses which participate in the money cedures, prescribed by the Treasury Depart­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES laundering process. ment, are followed by bank employees. 4. It subjects those who are convicted by Thursday, March 23, 1989 Every community in the United States is newly authorized federal undercover sting Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, each year the feeling the impact of illegal drugs in one form operations in money-laundering cases to a or another. Every community should be aware 20-year prison term and a fine of $500,000. Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States of the impact of the new legal firepower within 5. It expands the definition of financial in­ and its Ladies Auxiliary conduct the Voice of the act. I encourage our colleagues to share stitutions in the U.S. Banking Code to in­ Democracy broadcast scriptwriting contest. this valuable information with their constitu­ clude, and thus subject to reporting and This year more than 250,000 secondary ents: record-keeping requirements, those involved school students participated in the contest in automoble, airplane and boat sales, in FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: NEW BATTLEFIELD competing for nine national scholarships. real estate closings and settlements, and in The contest theme this year was "Preparing IN WAR ON DRUGS any other business the Treasury Depart­ and three HCFA Medicare premium ... . 240 49 184 0 7 studies: "Health Expenditures by Age Groups, Other private .. 27 11 0 10 5 derly income. This increase results from rela­ 1977-1987" . Aged cost/income (percent) . 18.12 2.99 4.69 5.18 5.25 care and Medicaid. Unless action is taken to The figures for 1977, 1984, and 1987 are essential­ Aged population (aged mean control health care costs generally, health ly the estimates made by the Health Care Financ­ income)...... $30,521 ...... $13 ,217 care will continue to eat up ever larger por­ ing Administration with three adjustments. First, Medicare premiums paid by beneficiaries have been Sources: House Select Committee on Aging, February 1989; Health Care tions of the elderly's income for the foresee­ moved out of the Medicare program expenditure Financing Administration, July 1984 and October 1988; Census Bureau, 1988. able future. In just 2 to 3 years and without a category and moved up to the consumer expendi­ major intervention, the elderly are likely to ture category. Second, current HCFA estimates With respect to who paid the largest share face spending 20 percent of their incomes on count Medicare part B premium expenditures paid of the elderly's health care in 1988, it was a by Medicaid twice-once in Medicaid and once in health care. Medicare. This analysis subtracts Medicaid-paid close race between the elderly themselves Unfortunately, many people still believe that premiums from Medicare and keeps them as Medi­ and the Medicare program. The elderly paid a health care costs paid by the elderly are not caid expenditures. Third, estimates are made of slightly larger share-$73 billion-than did out-of-pocket costs since the latest HCFA study Medicare-$70 billion. That $73 billion in el­ excessive. Over the past 8 years, proposals does not detail these types of expenditures. continued to surface which would severely cut As for the committee's estimates for 1980 and derly consumer payments translates into Medicare and Medicaid benefits. While many 1988, the committee's staff takes each cell from the $2,394 per capita. of these proposals were rejected by the Con­ relevant HCFA study and reestimates these cells Of the $73 billion paid by elderly consum­ for the year in question. In the case of the 1988 es­ ers, the largest two expenditures areas were gress, the 101 st Congress and the Bush ad­ timates, each cell from HCFA's 1987 tables were ministration must exercise great care. Simple projected out 1 year to 1988 taking into account "other care" -$21.2 billion-and nursing solutions to containing costs and budget pro­ likely changes in price, intensity, and volume. Pro­ home care-$20.9 billion. Physician care at jections of change in price, intensity, and volume $18.9 billion ran a close third. For 1988, the posals that shift costs to beneficiaries must be were drawn from a wide range of sources including rejected. Instead, we must take steps which HCFA's study on national health expenditures, the elderly spent $694 per person on other care, constrain rapidly rising health care costs for Medicare trustees report, and HCFA budget esti­ $685 on nursing home care, $620 on physi­ all payers-the States, the employer, the mates. Where HCFA had already made some pro­ cian care, and $395 on hospital care. jections for 1988- as was the case for the Medicare poor, the elderly-not just for the Federal por­ and Medicaid Program expenditures, those projec­ As for the Medicare program, over two­ tion of Medicare and Medicaid. tions were incorporated into the 1988 estimates. thirds of its $70 billion in elderly health care No one discounts the problem which the For each year of the committee's study, estimates expenditures went for hospital care. The next of population and income were derived from cur­ closest category was physician care with ex­ Federal Government faces with increasing rent population survey data, from discussions with Medicare and Medicaid program costs. How­ the Census Bureau and from Social Security Ad­ penditures being only about one-third the level ever, everyone must also realize that the el­ ministration data. of hospital care. Medicaid, on the other hand, derly are shouldering an increasing share of 2 For purposes of this study, the use of the term spent most of its support for the elderly on "out-of-pocket' health costs is synonymous with the health care cost burden and that the poor "consumer" health costs which includes any costs nursing home care-$13 billion for nursing are facing major problems with health care paid by the elderly, including direct payments for home care out of total elderly expenditures of access. Congress must cautiously and reason­ services . "Direct GROWTH IN ELDERLY HEALTH CARE COSTS FROM 1977 out-of-pocket" health costs refers to those costs Medicaid cuts which increase elderly out-of­ TO 1988 paid directly by elderly consumers to health care pocket costs or reduce access to quality providers without going through Medicare or pri­ Elderly out-of-pocket health care costs grew health care. vate insurers. as a percentage of elderly income from under March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5299 13 percent of income in 1977 and 1980 to were a period where there was a substantially NATIONAL AFFORDABLE over 18 percent in 1988; larger difference in the growth of elderly HOUSING ACT Elderly out-of-pocket health care costs have health care costs versus income. Between more than doubled since 1980 and have more 1980 and 1988, mean elderly income rose HON. MARGE ROUKEMA than tripled since 1977; from $7,61"4 to $13,217-an annual average OF NEW JERSEY During the 1980-88 period, elderly out-of­ of about 7 percent. During that same time IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pocket health care costs grew nearly 1 V2 period, consumer health care costs rose at an times faster than elderly income. annual average rate of about 12 percent-5 Thursday, March 23, 1989 In the previous section, the figures for elder­ percentage points higher than the growth rate Mrs. ROUKEMA. Mr. Speaker, today the ly health care costs, total or per capita, are for elderly income. The 12-percent annual gentleman from New York [Mr. RANGEL] and I clearly high. A further illustration of the magni­ growth rate is a rate almost 11/z times the rate are introducing the National Affordable Hous­ tude and impact of elderly health care costs is of growth in elderly income. ing Act, an important new proposal for hous­ provided by looking at changes over time, es­ The result of health care costs increasing ing in America. This measure has been devel­ pecially the period from 1977 to 1988. almost 1 V2 times faster than elderly income is oped over the last 2 years primarily by Sena­ Looking first at dollar costs, the study tors CRANSTON and D'AMATO, both to whom shows that elderly consumer health care a rapidly rising health care cost burden on America's elderly. One major indicator of that deserve a great deal of credit for crafting an costs per capita more than tripled between innovative and thoughtful legislative package. 1977 and 1988-from $712 per elderly person rising burden is the change in the percentage of elderly income spent on health care. In The National Housing Task Force, headed in 1977 to $2,394 per person in 1988. During by Jim Rouse and David Maxwell, produced a the period 1980 through 1988, elderly con­ 1977, America's elderly were spending, on av­ erage, about 12.3 percent on their income on highly regarded report, entitled, "A Decent sumer health care costs per capita more than Place to Live." This became the basis for the health care. This is down substantially from doubled from $966 per elderly person in 1980 legislation which Senators CRANSTON and the rough estimate of 15 percent spent when to $2,394 per elderly person in 1988. (See D' AMATO introduced on March 15 and which I table 3.) Medicare and Medicaid began in 1966. By am introducing today. The measure provides a 1980, this health care cost burden had grown significant new direction in housing policy. TABLE 3.-PER CAPITA HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES FOR slightly to about 12. 7 percent of income. (See There are, of course, several other serious PEOPLE AGED 65 AND OLDER IN 1977, 1980, 1987, AND table 4.) legislative proposals pending before the Sub­ 1988 committee on Housing and Community Devel­ TABLE 4.-ELDERLY OUT-OF-POCKET HEALTH CARE COSTS opment, on which I am the ranking minority Per capital health expenditures Source of funds member, and the members of our subcommit­ 1977 1980 1987 1988 Elderly out-of­ pocket health Percentage of tee will study each of them carefully. The Na­ care costs elderly income tional Affordable Housing Act, however, offers Total ...... $1,785 $2,515 $5,288 $5,749 Private ...... 719 976 2,190 2,421 the special appeal of increasing State and local Consumer ..... 712 966 2,165 2,394 Year: flexibility in meeting varying housing needs Direct out-oi~PQ(;ket 522 721 1,549 1,691 1988 ...... $2,394 Insurance ...... 115 148 434 463 1987 ...... 2,165 l~:l around the country. It also recognizes the use- Medicare premiums ...... 75 96 183 240 1980 ...... 966 12.7 fulness of the Tax Code and contains a tax Other private ...... 7 10 25 27 1977 ...... 712 12 Government ...... 1,066 1,540 3,098 3,328 1966 .. 300 i; component for homeownership and rental as- Medicare ...... 713 1,061 2.153 2,303 sistance. Medicaid ...... 249 333 620 677 Other government...... 104 146 325 348 Sources: House Select Committee on Aging, October 1988; Health care And, make no mistake about it, those needs Financing Administration, July 1984 and October 1988; Census Bureau , 1988. are great. For the first time in half a century, Sources: House Select Committee on Aging, October 1988; Health care the rate of homeownership has declined, and Over the next 8 years from 1980 to 1988, Financing Administration, July 1984 and October 1988; Census Bureau, 1988. young, first-time homebuyers are finding it par­ the percentage of elderly income spent on ticularly difficult to realize the American An analysis of the other major payers, espe­ health care rose very rapidly. By 1987, the el­ cially Medicare, shows that the trend of rapidly Dream. The hundreds of thousands of home­ derly were spending over 17 percent of their less men, women and children who sleep on rising health care costs applies to virtually all incomes on health care. Just 1 year later, the payers. Medicare costs rose from $713 per el­ heating grates or in dreadful shelters consti­ elderly were faced with spending 18.1 percent tute nothing less than a national tragedy. And derly person in 1977 to $2,303 in 1988-more of their incomes on health care. At that point, than a tripling over the 11-year period. The the situation holds every project of worsening America's elderly spent nearly 1 V2 more of same pattern holds for the period from 1980 over each of the next several years as section their incomes on health care than they spent to 1988 in which there was more than a dou­ 8 contracts expire and owners of other subsi­ bling of Medicare costs per capita. Though in 1977 and about one-fifth more than they dized projects prepay their mortgages. Medicare and the other payers all experienced spent in 1966 when Medicare and Medicaid For some time I have been saying that we major increases between 1977 and 1988, the began. must make housing a higher priority. But that elderly consumer experienced the largest rate What did this rise in health care costs cost does not mean that we should return to the of increase of the major payers. the elderly in terms of lost purchasing power? failed programs of the past. Instead, the Cran­ A comparison of the annual percentage in­ If the rate of increase for health costs had ston/D' Amato bill proposes innovations. What, creases in elderly health care costs as com­ been restrained to the rate of increase for el­ specifically, does it do? pared to elderly income provides more detail derly income, the elderly in 1988 would have HOMEOWERSHIP as to why the elderly's cost burden is becom­ spent the same percentage-12. 7 percent-of This legislation assists first-time buyers to ing larger. If the rate of growth in the elderly's their income as they did in 1980. The failure purchase a home. It would allow IRA funds to income was keeping pace with the rate of to stabilize that percentage at the 1980 level be used without penalty for a downpayment, growth in their health care costs, there would meant that the elderly spent $21.9 billion currently the most serious impediment to se­ be no increasing burden for the average elder­ more on health care in 1988 than if they were curing a house; allow 401 (k) plans to be used ly person. However, even if this were the still spending at the 12. 7 -percent level. This for a first-time home purchase; remove the case, one must keep in mind that there still $21.9 billion total translates into increased current arbitrary FHA dollar cap and substitute might be problems for particular segments of out-of-pocket health costs of $718 per elderly 95 percent of the area median sales price of the elderly population. person as compared to 1980. homes; lower the downpayment required to Unfortunately, elderly income is generally Unless there is some major intervention in get FHA insurance; and extend the Mortgage not keeping pace with health care cost infla­ the next several years, this trend appears Revenue Bond Program through 1992. That tion. During the 1977-80 period, elderly con­ likely to continue for the foreseeable future program is now due to expire at the end of this year. As the head of any State housing sumer health care costs grew by about 11 and, as a result, elderly out-of-pocket costs percent annually and elderly income grew by agency will testify, the Mortgage Revenue are likely to consume 20 percent of income in about 9 percent annually-a 2 percentage Bond Program has been used very effectively just 2 to 3 years. point difference. The years 1980 through 1988 to help put working America into homes. 5300 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 SELECT COMMITTEE ON HOUSING POLICY SUPPORTIVE HOUSING FOR SPECIAL POPULATIONS Means Committee, the chairman of my sub­ Such tax provisions highlight the importance Further, the bill recognizes that special pop­ committee, and other Members in the devel­ of using the Tax Code for significant social ulations, such as the elderly, handicapped or opment of significant new housing legislation. purpose. Unfortunately, there has been rela­ homeless, are not well served by providing tively little coordination in the House between them with only bricks and mortar. They also the authorizing committee, which is the Bank­ need supportive services to help with certain THE USED OIL RECYCLING ACT ing Committee in this case, and the tax com­ health needs, food, transportation and other OF 1989 mittee, Ways and Means. services which will assist them to become The ranking minority member of the Bank­ more independent members of society. HON. IKE SKELTON ing Committee [Mr. WYLIE] has recognized HOMELESS BLOCK GRANT OF MISSOURI this problem and just yesterday introduced a This legislation combines the current cate­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES resolution to create a select committee, com­ gorical homeless assistance programs of the Thursday, March 23, 1989 posed exclusively of Members from Banking McKinney Act into one block grant. This is Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, today I am pro­ and Ways and Means, to coordinate the hous­ similar to the proposal offered last year by the ing related actions of the two committees. I posing we take a small step toward energy gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. RIDGE] and conservation and reducing our dependence am an original cosponsor of that proposal, myself. We were disappointed that our and I applaud the gentleman from Ohio for his on foreign oil but a very significant step in pro­ amendment lost by an extremely narrow tecting our environment. Today I am introduc­ efforts to create a system where we can de­ margin on the House floor, especially because velop a more coherent housing policy. ing the Used Oil Recycling Act of 1989, H.R. the testimony by nonprofit homeless assist­ 1593. The purpose of this bill is very straight­ HOUSING OPPORTUNITY PARTNERSHIPS (HOP) ance provided was overwhelmingly in favor of forward-it is to establish a national policy to The new HOP Program is intended to the block grant approach. I am, therefore, very encourage the proper handling and recycling encouraged that our Senate colleagues chose streamline housing assistance and to maxi­ of used oil so that it will not be disposed of in mize State and local flexibility. This block to incorporate a homeless block grant into ways that are harmful to our environment. their bill. It does make some interesting grant type of assistance would promote home­ Specifically, this bill directs the Environmen­ changes in the Ridge-Roukema proposal, ownership or improve rental assistance by tal Protection Agency [EPA] not to list recy­ such as including housing costs and anticipat­ providing the State or locality with money to cled used oil as a hazardous waste, but, with­ ed levels of homelessness in the criteria for acquire, construct, or rehabilitate real proper­ out further delay, to develop sensible manage­ allocation. ty. All funds would be contingent upon a 25 ment standards. By sensible I mean manage­ percent match from the local entity. Partner­ PRESERVATION AND TAX PROVISIONS ment standards that impose sound environ­ ships with the private sector would be encour­ The bill would also permanently extend the mental safeguards without destroying the aged. low-income housing tax credit. While it would, market for used oil. This is a particularly important part of the in addition, create a new Office of Low­ Used oil when properly managed is a valua­ package because it begins to move us away Income Housing Preservation within HUD, the ble resource. Currently, 60 percent of the from narrow, inflexible, categorical housing bill does not contain the kinds of tax incen­ more than 1.2 billion gallons of used oil gener­ programs which, by their very nature, cannot tives which will be necessary to prevent the ated each year is disposed of properly. Unfor­ respond adequately to local housing require­ mortgage prepayment of many 221 (d)(3) and tunately, the remaining 400 million gallons of ments, which vary greatly from region to 236 projects. It is essential to enable HUD to used oil are disposed of in ways that endan­ region. The HOP Program recognizes that offer owners such incentives if we are to be ger public health and the environment-such what is needed in one section of the Gountry effective in our effort to preserve this valuable as into the sewer, into the trash or into the may not be a priority in another, and it encour­ housing stock. backyard. Our goal is to bring those remaining ages local experimentation and innovation These matters are, of course, under the ju­ 400 million gallons of used oil into the recy­ which are the genius of our Federal system. risdiction of the Ways and Means Committee cling system. However, I am convinced if we ALLOCATION OF HOP FUNDS in the House and the Finance Committee in list recycled used oil as hazardous, the current Half of the funds appropriated would be dis­ the Senate. The package is incomplete with­ recycling system will break down and more tributed to the States and the other half to out such incentives, but I recognize that they midnight dumping will occur. larger local governments. Eighty percent of may take a bit longer to develop, and, of Small Business Subcommittee hearings in the funds will be distributed by formula alloca­ course, the National Affordable Housing Act May 1986, held by our colleague CHARLIE tion, the remainder by incentive allocation. should be interpreted by all as a starting point. STENHOLM, established that this country's oil The bill directs HUD to develop a distribu­ It is indeed a very impressive starting point, recycling systems would be severely under­ tion formula which reflects an area's need for but it is not a final product. mined if recycled oil is listed as a hazardous more affordable housing, looking at the tight­ SUMMARY waste under the Resource Conservation and ness of the market, inadequate housing, pov­ As I mentioned earlier, the National Afford­ Recovery. Act. This sensible conclusion was erty, and housing costs. Each State would re­ able Housing Act is a very credible beginning supported in November 1986, when the EPA ceive at least $3 million. No State could re­ in our task of developing a new national hous­ decided not to list recycled oil as hazardous. ceive more than 15 percent of the total. ing policy. It is the product of a 2-year long One reason for EPA's decision was a compre­ HUD would distribute the remaining 20 per­ effort, which brought together virtually all of hensive study indicating that if used oil were cent by taking into account an applicant's the housing interest groups in the country and to be listed as a hazardous waste, such desig­ commitment to increased affordable housing. drew upon some of the best minds concerned nation would actually lead to decreased recy­ This is to be measured by whether the appli­ about providing decent and affordable housing cling and increased improper disposal. In spite cant has matched Federal resources at a rate for all Americans. While I do not necessarily of EPA's authority and judgment on this, in better than 25 percent and by examining what agree with every word of the bill I have intro­ October 1988, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the locality is doing (by other means) to stimu­ duced today, it is important to show my sup­ the District of Columbia handed down a ruling late housing development, make existing port for the general thrust of this legislation. holding that while the EPA's decision not to housing more affordable, preserve existing For years, many of us in Congress have urged list recycled used oil may well be right for the housing which may be threatened, or to im­ that we move more toward a block grant in environment it is contrary to statute. It is the prove housing opportunities for minorities. housing, reduce Federal restrictions, and in­ purpose of this proposal to clarify the Nation's I should emphasize at this point that I do crease the flexibility of States and localities to policy on used oil and intelligently chart a new not necessarily view this distribution scheme try new innovations to meet their unique hous­ course. as perfect. Clearly, this is an aspect of the bill ing needs. The National Affordable Housing A key premise of this bill is the need to en­ which Members will carefully scrutinize. The Act moves us a long way in that direction. I courage recycling and educate generators of method of allocation is crucial, and I anticipate congratulate Senators CRANSTON and used oil about proper management practices. that many interests may have suggestions for D'AMATO, and I look forward to working with The generators' basic duty is to make certain refinements, which I will be happy to receive them, the gentleman from New York [Mr. that used oil has not been contaminated by and consider. RANGEL] and his colleagues on the Ways and solvents, PCB's, pesticides, gasoline or other March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5301 hazardous wastes. Once clean used oil is mixing used oil with hazardous wastes and, at "(3) Used oil which has been CA) removed turned over to the recyclers who are subject the same time, the availability of used oil col­ from the engine of a light duty motor vehi­ to annual inspections, it becomes the recy­ lection centers. cle or household appliance by the owner of such vehicle or appliance, CB) transferred by clers' obligation to conduct careful testing to I'd like to mention another factor which I such owner to a service station dealer, as de­ be certain that no contamination is present, to think deserves to be included in this equation, fined in section 101(37) of the Comprehen­ make sure that used oil is handled, transport­ the role of Government as both a generator sive Environmental Response, Compensa­ ed, and stored safely by trained employees, and a consumer of used oil. If EPA were to tion, and Liability Act of 1980, and (C) that the recycling facility is fully prepared to list recycled used oil as hazardous waste, it stored by such service station dealer for less handle spills and other emergencies; and, in would have to be managed as such and the than 12 months after such transfer. the case of fuel oil, that the product sold only cost of proper disposal would skyrocket. Since "(k) NON-RECYCLED USED OIL.-Not later to facilities which EPA determines are quali­ Federal, State, and local governments are, of than 8 months after the date of enactment of the Used Oil Recycling Act of 1989, the fied to burn the used oil fuel. course, major generators of used oil, guess These commonsense safeguards-if en­ Administrator shall propose whether to list who would pay for the extra cost of manage­ as a hazardous waste under section 3001 forced-would go a long way to carrying out ment and disposal under RCRA? The taxpay­ used oil which is a solid waste and which Congress' original objectives. It's time to re­ ers. In an era of massive budget deficits, does does not satisfy the criteria set forth in solve the used oil issue once and for all and it really make sense to impose on the public paragraph (1), (2) or (3) of this subsection. to do so in a way that makes sense economi­ an unnecessary multimillion dollar burden of Not later than 16 months after such date of cally and environmentally. RCRA management? The hazardous waste enactment, the Administrator shall make a The promulgation of management standards treatment and disposal system probably does final determination whether to list such would have another consequence. It would used oil as a hazardous waste. In making de­ not have the capacity at the present time to terminations under this subsection, the Ad­ trigger the Superfund used oil liability exemp­ handle actual hazardous wastes, why impose tion. That provision, as most of you know, will ministrator shall distinguish between vari­ the additional burden of more than a billion ous categories of used oil and may exempt provide certain generators of used oil, such as gallons a year of used oil, particularly when from listing such categories of used oil service stations, truck stop operators, automo­ we can set an example of recycling? which present a de minimis threat to bile dealers, car rental agencies, with an ex­ Finally, with respect to the Government's human health and the environment." emption for off-site liability under the Super­ role as a consumer of recycled oil, much more SEC. 3 REGULATIONS FOR RECYCLING USED OIL. fund statute if the generator: Does not mix needs to be done. EPA has promulgated (a) AMENDMENT.-Section 3014 of the Solid used oil with any hazardous substances; pro­ specifications for lubricants made from recy­ Waste Disposal Act is amended to read as vides a collection tank for do-it-yourselfer cled oil. Federal agencies must give prefer­ follows: used oil; transfers the used oil to a legitimate ence to these products wherever possible. "SEC. 3014. RECYCLING OF USED OIL. recycler; or to a transporter who has an These procurement policies should be imple­ "(a) MANAGEMENT STANDARDS.-Not later agreement to transfer the used oil to a legiti­ mented much more quickly. Also, the policies than 8 months after the date of the enact­ mate recycler; and complies with EPA's man­ should not be limited to lubricants. The Feder­ ment of the Used Oil Recycling Act of 1989, agement standards. al Government operates numerous high effi­ the Administrator shall propose such regu­ lations as may be necessary to protect the When this bill is enacted, EPA will be direct­ ciency furnaces and boilers in which used oil ed to get moving on the development of man­ human health and the environment from can be safely burned. Instead of paying top agement standards. Once those standards are hazards associated with improper handling dollar for virgin fuel, we should expand the in place, the incentives for a large class of of used oil. Such regulations shall establish market for used oil fuel and help trim the defi­ management standards governing the stor­ generators to handle their own used oil care­ cit in the process. This is not a new idea. In age, testing, transportation, treatment, ex­ fully and provide a channel for do-it-yourself fact, in 1986 in the conference report on the portation and importation, re-refining and used oil would be clearly established. A cru­ Superfund amendments, Congress told EPA other beneficial processing of used oil. Such cial element of a workable recycling system is to get moving on this project. management standards shall be designed to the existence of collection centers for the do­ protect human health and the environment Finally, I would point out that while the pres­ it-yourselfers. This crucial service is depend­ by encouraging and expanding reliance on sures to recycle waste oil for energy conser­ ent on the voluntary efforts of service station appropriate recycling of used oil. vation and economic purposes have temporar­ owners or operators, truck stop operators and "(b) RECORDKEEPING AND REPORTING.-The ily eased, the need to dispose of the waste oil other such facilities to accept used oil from regulations promulgated under this subsec­ safely to protect our environment is evergrow­ tion shall provide that no generator of used the public. If the service station operator, for ing. Please join me in sponsoring this bill oil shall be subject to any manifest require­ example, who is complying with tank require­ which takes a very significant step in protect­ ment or any associated recordkeeping or re­ ments and inadvertently accepts contaiminat­ ing our environment. porting requirements with respect to such ed used oil from a do"it-yourselfer and the oil used oil if the following requirements are is nonrecyclable the management standards H.R. 1593 met: would require the service station dealer to dis­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of " (1) the generator either- pose of the tainted load as a hazardous Representatives of the United States of

29-059 0 -90-37 (Pt. 4) 5302 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 m1xmg used oil with any hazardous waste heads of Federal departments, agencies and lution. Guerrillas march through the city identified or listed under this subtitle bureaus, appropriate State and local govern­ streets carrying automatic weapons and except where <1) such mixing involves an ment agencies, educational institutions, hand grenades, recruiting able citizens to identified hazardous waste and the resulting trade associations, and other representatives stand up and fight for Big Brother, the mixture does not exhibit a characteristic of private sector organizations. leader of the communist movement. Already identified in regulations under section (b) APPROPRIATIONS.-There is authorized Big Brother is taking over, what has hap­ 300l; and (2) the used oil mixture is to be appropriated to the Administrator not pened to the controlling, supressing and burned to recover useful energy in a type of more than $150,000 for fiscal year 1990 and censoring stronghold of freedom and indi­ device determined by the Administrator to not more than $175,000 for each fiscal year viduality? What has become of America? be designed and operated at a destruction 1991 and 1992 to carry out the purposes and In 1948, George Orwell had a vision of a and removal efficiency sufficient such that requirements of this section. world ruled by Big Brother. He made this protection of human health and the envi­ SEC. 6. PROCUREMENT OF USED OIL FUEL. vision come alive in 1984, a futuristic sketch ronment is assured. Nothing in this subsec­ Not later than 180 days after the enact­ of American society. But due to the dedica­ tion shall be construed as affecting or im­ ment of this section, the Administrator tion of millions of Americans to individual­ pairing section 3014(q)(2); a powerful, non-vio­ projected into the future in a bleak volume The techniques of public relations permit lent rebellion against Soviet totalitarian called The Global 2000 Report that Presi­ one to say one thing while doing another, dent Carter had ordered written. and in the 1980s the need for such an ability domination in Poland; left-wing (but not The Republicans seized on the theme of was there. It went back to the final days of Soviet-controlled) rebellion against military limits-but only to reject it wholesale. The the Vietnam War, when it became clear that and oligarchical regimes in Central America, limits, they proclaimed, were all imagi­ the United States could not achieve what it which has traditionally been regarded by nary-a sweeping, unwarranted extension to wanted Leroy Edwards, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Cleo," he called to his wife, "get that Bob Callahan and Buddy Jeannette Oater paper by the side of my bed." the player-coach of the 1948 N.B.A. champi­ Thursday, March 23, 1989 In that paper Oscar Robertson was quoted on Baltimore Bullets). But he doesn't live in Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to as saying: "I have nothing against Pop the past. honor and pay tribute to a man who is a great Gates. I have nothing against K. C. Jones, "Magic Johnson's great, he moves more basketball legend in my neighborhood in but if they go in before Earl Pop Gates Jerry West, Oscar Robertson, Pete Mara­ William "Pop" Gates. Lenny Wilkens, who will also be inducted vich, Elgin Baylor, they were great. And On May 9, 1969, in Springfield, MA, William May9. there's a whole lot of great guys today, but Gates will be honored as one of the 1969 in­ "I've said that Pearl should be in there," there's a lot who haven't taken time to ductees into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Gates was saying now, "but he's waited only learn this profession. A lot of guys know three years. I waited 34 years. If Oscar Rob­ how to play, and a lot just play." Hall of Fame. His selection represents yet an­ ertson never saw me play, he should keep He also had an opinion on the N.B.A.'s other milestone for the greats of the early his big mouth shut. I participated in over most enduring question: Who was better, days of Negro basketball before integration 1,500 games. I averaged 14 points a game Bill Russell or Wilt Chamberlain? occurred in national sports. It is an honor that when 14 was a lot of points. I never sat on a "I'd put Chamberlain on my big team," he is long overdue for such an admirable and re­ bench. People always say that old guys say said. "Russell played on more championship spected man and one certainly worthy of him. this or that about today's guys, but it both­ teams, but he played with better players. Now at the age of 71 , Gates has been a ers me when today's guys don't know about And when they played against each other, resident of Harlem for virtually his entire life. old guys." Russell didn't really contain him." Today's guys in the National Basketball Gates described the Knick's two champi­ He starred for the legendary New York Ren­ Association also don't know about Bobby onship teams as "well composed." Of aissance, a black touring team that won the McDermott, a two-hand shooter for the today's Knicks, he said: "They've proven first world professional title in 1939. In 1943, Fort Wayne Zollners who was the veterans they can beat anybody. They've got five he played for the world champion Washington committee's choice a year ago. guys playing that are race horses and Bears. Later, in 194 7, Gates played with the "Back when Bobby and I played against they've got five guys coming off that bench. Dayton Rens of the National Basketball each other, we were rated one-two," Gates Their position should be, work with what League, the first all-Negro professional team said "Bobby was a great shooter, a great you have and get another big man to rest in organized basketball. He also coached and competitor. But it took him all those years Patrick Ewing more." But he doesn't pre­ played for the Harlem Globetrotters from 1950 to get in. I didn't believe I'd ever get into tend to compare himself with any of today's the Hall of Fame until Bobby got in last names. to 1955. year. And a week ago when I found out I got "I couldn't fly through the air; we weren't During his 17-year career, Gates was con­ in, I was surprised. Not shocked. But sur­ dunking," he said. "Everybody just laid it up sidered by many to be the best all-around prised." against the backboard." player of his day. His strengths and talents His contemporaries weren't surprised. Red Readjusting himself on the pillows, Pop enabled him to play approximately 1, 700 Holzman, who coached the Knicks to their Gates questioned the devotion of today's games. He has certainly paid his dues and his 1970 and 1973 titles, remembered playing N.B.A. players to defense. rewards are justly deserved. against Gates. "What they play now is a zone," he said. The prestigious honor of being inducted into "Pop was smooth; he had great all-around "When we played, you had to check your ability," Holzman recalled. "He could really man. Make him take two steps to get one. the Hall of Fame has allowed Gates to be re­ move. Pop's very deserving of the Hall of Nobody guards nobody now. If you watch discovered by a generation that knew nothing Fame." close, you'll see guys actually get out of the of the Rens or the pioneers who paved the Pop grew up playing basketball at the way when a man's driving to the basket. way for the young talented players in the Harlem Y.M.C.A., but he got his nickname When we played, you had to earn your game today. It has allowed us all to remember playing stickball on West 132d Street be­ grits.'' that the tireless deeds and endeavors of great tween Seventh and Eighth avenues. Pop Gates earned his. men like Gates in the past has helped us to "I played stickball with older guys," he Thus, I see it only fitting that after his many better appreciate what we have and where we said, "and guys my age started calling me Pop because they thought I was older than years of dedicated service to others and his are today. I was." many contributions to the sport of basketball, Mr. Speaker, I would like to share with you After attending Clark College in Atlanta my colleagues join me in honoring and paying and my colleagues at this time an article for a few months, Gates returned home be­ tribute to William "Pop" Gates. about William "Pop" Gates which appeared in cause "I didn't like the barriers of prejudice the New York Times. It reads: down there." He joined the Harlem Yan­ [From the New York Times, Feb. 19, 19891 kees, who often practiced against the Ren­ IMPROVED SERVICES FOR THE aissance, a legendary team that from 1932 CHRONICALLY MENTALLY ILL POP GATES EARNED HIS GRITS to 1936 had a 473-49 record, including an 88- HON. LEONE. PANETTA pole in the playground below his fifth-floor Cooper as a 6-foot-6-inch center, were in­ OF CALIFORNIA Harlem apartment. But arthritis had Pop ducted into the Hall of Fame as a group. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Gates sitting on pillows on the long curved "I guess the Renaissance liked what they Thursday, March 23, 1989 couch in his living room. Asked if he would saw in a workout," he said. "They bought rather move to a favorite chair, he smiled. me for $100." Mr. PANETIA . Mr. Speaker, I am pleased "When you reach my age," he said, "you Several weeks later their 6-foot-3-inch to rise today to reintroduce legislation de­ hold your position." rookie helped the Renaissance, which had a signed to reinforce America's commitment to And your dignity. In his time, William 112-7 record that season, win the 1939 pro improving the quality of life for the chronically Penn New York Renaissance "We played a moving game, a figure-8 am offering is designed to facilitate the inte­ team that won the 1939 world pro tourna­ weave," he said. "I mostly operated back gration of mentally ill individuals into the com­ ment in Chica.go, only one year after he led court." munity. Another bill introduced along with Benjamin Franklin High School to the city After World War II, Gates, who played at these two in the 99th Congress requiring championship. With his two-hand set shot, Tri-Cities and Dayton, and Dolly King were States to develop a comprehensive mental March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5307 health services plan was, as you know, so will require a concerted and coordinated With regard to SSI, some allowances must passed and signed into law. effort. The Federal Government must take the be made for the chronically mentally ill recipi­ Mr. Speaker, the number of neglected, dis­ lead in working with States, local governments ent in recognition of the extenuating circum­ turbed persons, filtering helplessly through our and the private sector to promote this move­ stances that apply to this disease. For exam­ society is still at unacceptable, and shockingly ment. ple, because the illness is often episodic, cur­ high, levels. We need only walk down any The legislation I am reintroducing today rent regulations regarding periods of hospitali­ urban street on a cold winter night to witness would help pave the way for such an effort. zation must be adjusted. Until recently, a a graphic demonstration of their desperate The package addresses two aspects of com­ person who was institutionalized for more than and tragic plight. The sadly familiar sight of munity living in which the chronically mentally 30 days lost SSI benefits. For chronically huddled masses of humanity absorbing what ill require greater Federal assistance. As I mentally ill patients who are often temporarily little warmth can be obtained from steel mentioned, the 99th Congress approved a hospitalized for periods of more than 30 days, grated air vents has awakened the passion measure, the State Comprehensive Mental this income meant they were unable to retain and compassion of millions of Americans. The Health Services Act, introduced by Senator their residences. As a result, they often found Stewart B. McKinney Services for the Home­ KENNEDY, that was identical to the measure I themselves on the street upon discharge. less Act, enacted in the last Congress, is pro­ introduced here. The act requires States to Recent law changed this provision so that viding some badly needed relief and improve­ develop and implement plans for comprehen­ monthly benefit payments would be continued ment in services for those who are homeless. sive community-based care of the mentally ill at a level sufficient to maintain housing for the However, the homelessness of the deinstitu­ in order to remain eligible for Alcohol, Drug chronically mentally ill if their discharge occurs tionalized chronically mentally ill is still a seri­ Abuse and Mental Hee: ~. , Administration block within 3 months. This bill would double the ous dilemma, and part of a larger problem. grants. At this point, let me take a moment to current time limit, to 6 months. outline the two remaining parts of the package In the early 1960's President Kennedy pio­ Delays involved in determining disability for neered a movement to unlock the institutional in greater detail. the purposes of SSI payments can often make gates that were segregating the chronically MEDICAID, MEDICARE, AND SSI CHANGES or break the success of independent living for mentally ill from society as a whole. Wide­ Despite the 20-year trend toward deinstitu­ the mentally ill individual. There is, however, a spread reports of abuse and neglect in public tionalization, there still exists an institutional provision in the SSI regulations which allows mental institutions justifiably provoked a sense bias in the Medicaid Program. In 1981, a for presumptive disability payments prior to of outrage and horror among the American waiver program was inaugurated which allows final determination of eligibility if the applicant public, and the rush to deinstitutionalize the States to apply for coverage for community chronically mentally ill swung into full force. As meets all other income level requirements and based services for the mentally ill, but the use there is a high probability that he or she will a result, the number of patients in large public of this provision is by no means universal. By be deemed to be disabled. This bill will make institutions today has drastically decreased. contrast, full coverage is provided in public chronic mental illness sufficient cause for pre­ Whereas some 560,000 severely disabled pa­ mental institutions for those patients under 18 sumptive payments if the applicant agrees to tients were served in public residential facili­ and over 65 through Medicaid. Any individual, participate in a plan of care and is first, about ties in 1955, that number declined 80 percent regardless of age, may receive care in a to 116,000 in 1984. skilled nursing facility [SNF] or intermediate to be discharged from an institution, second, However, the shift toward community living care facility [ICF] so long as that institution is at risk of institutionalization, or third, home­ has not been accompanied by universal guar­ not primarily a mental hospital. Moreover, no less. antees of comprehensive, high quality care. requirement for the provision of mental health In addition, as it now stands, chronically Hair-raising stories to match any told of the services is required in these settings. Care in mentally ill persons who are able to obtain horrors of institutionalization are well-known: a psychiatric ward of a general hospital is fully employment despite their disability automati­ The released schizophrenic unable to cope covered. cally lose their SSI and Medicaid benefits. with the pressures of daily living commits sui­ Clearly, we should use the Medicaid Pro­ While the new earnings can obviate .the need cide; the family is condemned to the street by gram as a tool to encourage the use of alter­ for the monthly SSI payment, the loss of Med­ a discontinuation of income support; the native care settings. Although a one-shot pay­ icaid eligibility terminates access to the very mother, delirious from medication, becomes a ment to an institution presents the fewest ad­ medical services which enabled him or her to violent threat to her children; and on and and ministrative problems, the well-being of the work in the first place. Clearly, this regulation on. patient must be the most important consider­ can be counterproductive. Therefore, this bill As a society, we have a responsibility to ation. provides Medicaid coverage for former SSI re­ help these individuals. We cannot appease The first of these two bills seeks to enact cipients who are at-risk mentally ill persons for our consciences merely by emptying out the certain modifications in the Medicaid, supple­ up to 3 years of employment. beds in public institutions. We must recognize mental security income, and Medicare pro­ Also, until recently, regulations barred SSI that extra assistance will be required to ac­ grams to facilitate community-based care, and payments to residents of public institutions for company a successful transition to community to expand other changes that have been those residing in transitional or halfway living, and we must develop a national con­ made. The legislation would make it a require­ houses, or emergency shelters for the home­ sensus to facilitate the trend. ment, instead of an option, for States to pro­ less. This law was changed to allow payments What is required is a comprehensive pack­ vide a range of services to their Medicaid pop­ for up to 6 months. However, some persons age of services tailored to the varied needs of ulation. Once again, case management plays remain in such transitional living situations for the chronically mentally ill: Case management, a key role. A written plan would be developed considerably longer periods and would greatly supervised living arrangements, outpatient for each patient which would detail the coordi­ benefit by continued eligibility for SSI pay­ care, rehabilitation, vocational training, and nation of social, medical and outpatient serv­ ments. Therefore, I have included a provision income support, to name but a few. Taken to­ ices, income support, outreach, crisis interven­ to allow these payments to continue indefi­ gether, along with the many dramatic ad­ tion, family counseling, respite, habilitation and nitely. vances in medication for mental illness that rehabilitation, and vocational training. The bill As for Medicare, the bill includes just one often removes the need for custodial care, a also requires the establishment of specific provision: An increase in the proportion of ap­ configuration of community-based services standards to be applied to SNF's or ICF's proved part B charges that Medicare will pay can be much more cost-effective than 24 hour which provide care to the chronically mentally for mental health services from 50 percent to institutional care. ill Medicaid patient. In addition, demonstration 80 percent. This change is being made to Yet more importantly, an effective network projects would be funded in five States to ex­ bring the required part B copayment for of supportive services for the chronically men­ plore the feasibility of providing mental health mental health services in line with that for all tally ill will enable them to attain a degree of services on a contractual or capitated basis other Medicare part B services, 20 percent. independence and dignity heretofore beyond with a single point of entry. Hospitals receiving Requiring a higher copayment for mental their reach. The barriers to independent living Medicaid reimbursements would be required health services than for all others seems dis­ are numerous but not insurmountable. We can to establish a plan for the provision of com­ criminatory, and seems to not take into ac­ help tear down these barriers, and lay the munity-based supportive services before dis­ count that mental conditions are illnesses just foundation for a fulfilling future life. But to do charging all chronically mentally ill patients. like other illnesses. As you know, the Omni- 5308 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 bus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 in­ I am heartened that this provision, which 1989 as they were in 1987. Urban-rural differ­ creased the maximum amount that Medicare should significantly assist with housing for the entials in Medicare payments; shortages of would pay for outpatient mental health serv­ chronically mentally ill and their families, has health care professionals in rural areas; de­ ices from $250 to $1, 100, which was a com­ now been enacted. However, as you know, clining rural economies; and a greater concen­ mendable step. The provision in this bill, by in­ there is still a severe housing problem facing tration of low income and elderly are still con­ creasing the copayment to 80 percent, would chronically mentally ill Americans, as manifest­ tributing to health care access problems. raise this amount to $1,760, and make utiliza­ ed in the swelling ranks of disturbed homeless However, Congress is now much more in­ tion of this benefit easier for those who need on our streets, at all times of the year and in formed about these problems and more willing it. all types of weather. Therefore, the measure to address them at the Federal level. I'd like Finally, a demonstration project dealing with includes two other provisions intended to to think the Rural Health Care Coalition has the issue of representative payee services has assist the homeless mentally ill. Under the played a key role in this process. been added to this bill. As you know, the first, State mental health authorities would be The coalition has had tremendous success issue of representative (or sub-) payee serv­ allowed to take over unused properties owned in the last few years. Coalition members have ices, the management of financial resources by the Department of Housing and Urban De­ been willing to set aside their egos and work for persons deemed unable to do so for them­ velopment [HUD] for conversion into super­ in a bipartisan, behind-the-scenes fashion to selves, has received greater attention of late. vised living facilities for the chronically mental­ incorporate rural health initiatives into virtually Unfortunately, much of this attention has ly ill; $5 million in the first year and $14 million every piece of health care legislation that has had to focus on abuses of beneficiaries by in each of the next 2 years would be author­ moved through the Congress. In the 1OOth some subpayees, who are most often individ­ ized for these purposes. Under the second, a Congress the coalition worked to include a uals, such as landlords or relatives, entrusted voucher program would be established for su­ loan repayment program for nurses and allied with management of a beneficiary's resources. pervised housing for the chronically mentally health professionals as part of the reauthor­ The Committee on Ways and Means' Social ill; $5 million would be authorized for the first ization of the Nurse Education Act and the Security Subcommittee held a hearing only year of this program. Costs would be shared Health Professions Training Act. When the co­ yesterday on the subpayee issue, and I under­ on a 50-50 basis between the Federal and alition recognized that area health education stand that my colleagues Representative State governments, and would be adminis­ centers [AHEC's] give physicians and nurses MATSUI, a member of the Ways and Means tered through State mental health agencies. experience in rural areas and that once Committee, and Representative JACOBS, The bulk of the provisions in these two bills trained in rural areas these students located chairman of the Social Security Subcommit­ do not require new authorizations, but merely there, it fought for increased funding for the tee, plan to introduce a measure soon that redirect existing funds. The additional spend­ program and was successful. When the omni­ would shore up the subpayee system in a ing that is called for is relatively modest, and bus drug bill went through the House, the coa­ number of ways. could also be expected to result in reduced lition worked to add provisions to ensure that My provision deals with one aspect of this expenditures in other areas of the budget. But drug and alcohol treatment funds would be issue: those situations in which public and the legislation goes deeper than the issue of available. non-profit private agencies, such as public funding. It recognizes that old patterns cannot Despite the coalition's successful track guardians' offices, act as payees of last continue, that the problems of the mentally ill record over the last 2 years, more work re­ resort. This occurs in the numerous occasions affect us all, and that we must change the mains to be done. The coalition's 1989 in which an individual payee cannot be found status quo. To ignore the undeniable need for agenda reflects what the coalition's members for a person requiring these services, or a a reorientation in Government programs af­ see as the highest priority rural health issues: person that has been acting as a payee is fecting this portion of the population would be hospital and physician reimbursement, improv­ unable to continue this service for whatever shortsighted and heartless. I like to think that ing access to primary and prenatal care in reason and such an agency must step in. we in Congress have the ability to reach out rural communities and ensuring that the Fed­ In these cases, the costs of serving as a beyond the Halls of the Capitol, and to effect eral Government is committed to addressing subpayee are unanticipated by an agency, real and positive changes in the lives of every rural health needs. and not included in its budget. The agency American. Indeed, it is our duty. therefore ends up drawing on often hard­ RURAL HOSPITAL INITIATIVE Mr. Speaker, this initiative will promote that pressed resources intended for other pur­ The lack of a reconciliation bill last year lim­ cause; it will reaffirm America's commitment poses, or on a recipient's benefits. It would be ited the coalition's efforts to influence Medi­ to assisting the less fortunate in our society. highly desirable, both for the beneficiary and care reimbursement rates to rural providers. The inherent difficulties in independent living the agency, to find an outside funding source. With the prospects for a reconciliation bill this for the chronically mentally ill person are enor­ Under the demonstration project included in year virtually guaranteed, the coalition intends mous; the Government should help alleviate this bill, the Secretary of Health and Human to play a major role in any debate on Medi­ this problem, not add to it. Services would provide up to $100,000 each care reimbursement reforms. The coalition is Over 200 years ago, Thomas Jefferson year for 3 years to 18 public and nonprofit pri­ introducing two proposals designed to level spoke of the inalienable right of the individual vate agencies for the purpose of supporting the playing field for rural providers. The first to pursue happiness. Today, for some of us their subpayee activities. The Secretary will would phase out the urban-rural differential for the road to happiness is cluttered with obsta­ then report to Congress on the outcome of hospital payments under Medicare. In the in­ cles created by society and government. We this project. terim, small rural hospitals would be eligible can tear down these barriers, and clear the for special payments. The proposal also modi­ HOUSING LAW CHANGES path to full self-realization for each and every As I previously mentioned, the Stewa;t B. fies the sole community provider program to American. In the end, society will reap the re­ better protect those hospitals Medicare identi­ McKinney Homeless Act took some important wards. Please join me in supporting this im­ steps toward alleviating the homeless crisis, fies as being the primary provider of hospital portant legislative initiative to improve the care in a community. Finally the measure ad­ for the homeless mentally ill and the home­ lives of the chronically mentally ill. less in general. In fact, among its provisions is dresses the problems faced by those hospi­ one nearly identical to an entire section of this tals that are critical to a community but are bill as introduced in the previous two Con­ RURAL HEALTH CARE threatened with closure because they have a gresses: Improvements in the section 202 lopsided Medicare patient load and not housing for the handicapped program. Under HON. MIKE SYNAR enough private paying patients to make up the this provision, a set-aside would be estab­ difference. Hospitals with over 55 percent OF OKLAHOMA Medicare patients would be eligible for addi­ lished in section 202 housing assistance for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the elderly and handicapped of at least 14 tional payments to offset Medicare losses. percent or $100 million for loans for the devel­ Thursday, March 23, 1989 RURAL PHYSICIANS opment of housing geared specifically to the Mr. SYNAR. Mr. Speaker, today the Rural On average, rural physicians receive 40 per­ needs of nonelderly handicapped families. Health Care Coalition held its third press con­ cent less from Medicare than do their urban Builders would have to include an assured ference to unveil its legislative package. The counterparts. At the same time, rural physi­ range of services to meet their special needs. needs in rural areas are just as pressing in cians have costs that are equal to, or in some March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5309 cases, higher than some urban doctors. Inad­ goal of prenatal care for all women until the practice in medically underserved areas or equate Medicare payments is directly related year 2094. These problems are particularly health manpower shortage areas-official to the ability of rural communities to recruit acute in rural areas. Rural Americans have Federal designations. The deduction would and retain physicians and to low assignment higher rates of maternal and infant mortality remain in effect for as long as the health pro­ rates in rural areas. Solving the physician re­ than urban areas. Between 1980 and 1985, fessional continued to practice in the shortage imbursement problem will not be easy. The low birthweight rates increased steadily and area. Congress may tackle this issue as part of a significantly in rural poor counties. Low birth­ Ensuring that rural communities have larger Medicare reform package soon. Until weight contributes to three-fourths of all infant access to quality health care is more than just then, however, the coalition wanted to ex­ deaths and leads to a significantly higher risk a health issue. For many rural communities, press its views that whatever changes are of lifelong disability. The number of uninsured the deterioration of their health care delivery made in Medicare physician payment rates, rural Americans is 15 percent higher than the system comes on top of overall declines in rural physicians should be paid what it costs U.S. average and a full 24 percent above their economy. The industries rural areas rely them to provide their services. urban levels. For low-income families who upon most have taken a beating in the last RURAL HEALTH CLINIC IMPROVEMENT ACT lack the out-of-pocket means to pay for health several years-agriculture, energy, and light Over 1O years ago the Congress enacted care, inadequate health insurance translates industry. In addition, the Federal programs the Rural Health Clinics Act. At the time it was into a lack of access to needed health serv­ that have traditionally helped rural communi­ hailed as the savior for rural health care ices. ties build the infrastructures necessary to at­ access problems. Health experts predicted The Rural Health Care Coalition is address­ tract new industry have been scaled back or there would be 2,000 clinics by 1990. Howev­ ing these problems by introducing the Mater­ eliminated. With little tax base to support ex­ er, a recent survey indicates that the act has nal Child Health Improvement Act. Recent isting, let alone new services, rural communi­ not lived up to its expectations. Since 1978, studies have shown that the complexity of the ties find themselves in a catch-22: Without HCFA has approved 826 clinics, but 388 have Medicaid enrollment process discourages good health care systems new industry will withdrawn from the program. There are sever­ many applicants from signing up for benefits not locate in rural areas, yet without new in­ al barriers to establishing and retaining clinics: until health problems occur. With prenatal dustry, hospitals and physicians can't afford to lack of knowledge about the program; restric­ care the key to success is early and continu­ remain open. tive State practice acts; administrative bar­ ous care. Additionally, many women simply Rural communities aren't asking for a hand­ riers; and a shortage of health care providers. don't know they are eligible for Medicaid serv­ out, but they do deserve more equal treat­ The Rural Health Clinic Act Amendment Act ices. And those that do know find the enroll­ ment. The goal of the Rural Health. Care Coa­ of 1989 will reduce the administrative barriers, ment process so dehumanizing that they lition is to level the playing field so that rural require dissemination of information about the choose not to sign up. The Maternal Child communities have a fighting chance. Every program, and increase the availability of pre­ Health Improvement Act would provide funds American should have access to affordable, natal care and mental health services in rural to States who develop programs that allow quality health care regardless of where they areas. Medicaid eligible women to enroll for all ma­ live. RURAL EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES IMPROVEMENT ternal-child health programs in one place. This ACT one-stop shopping will permit a low-income Studies show that the death rate from acci­ woman to apply for AFDC, WIG, and Medicaid H.R. 1610, THE MEDICARE AREA dents is twice as high in rural areas as it is in benefits in the same location, at the same WAGE EQUITY ACT OF 1989 the largest cities. Rural areas only have 20 time. percent of the emergency medical service The Maternal Child Health Improvement Act HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN caseload nationwide, but 70 percent of high­ will also provide funds to States that imple­ OF NEW YORK ment at-home visits to at-risk mothers during way fatalities take place there. Many rural IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES areas lack the economic base to support so­ pregnancy and the first year of the baby's life. Thursday, March 23, 1989 phisticated EMS infrastructure. Rural hospital Trained workers, either health professionals or closings, the lack of 911 systems, the drain of volunteers, would be able to create individual­ Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to bring to trained personnel to higher paying urban jobs ized programs for each woman. Through regu­ the attention of my colleagues a matter of and the difficulty in training personnel put rural lar consultations, these workers could monitor grave concern for citizens throughout my own EMS systems at a distinct disadvantage. their progress and provide encouragement. Hudson Valley region, residents of New York State-of-the-art EMS systems are a critical Children's advocates assert that the Nation State, and indeed all citizens throughout our part of rural health care delivery as rural resi­ will spend approximately $6 billion to care for Nation who are concerned about quality dents become more geographically separated infants born at low birthweights in their first health care and the integrity of our health care from hospitals. In cooperation with the Nation­ year of life. With timely and regular access to delivery system. Mr. Speaker, I rise to intro­ al Association of State EMS directors, the Na­ prenatal care, these costs can be avoided. duce (H.R. 1610), legislation affecting the fi­ tional Rural Health Association, the National OFFICE OF RURAL HEALTH CARE POLICY AMENDMENTS nancial crisis facing many of our Nation's hos­ Coalition on Agricultural Safety and Health, In 1987 the Rural Health Care Coalition in­ pitals. and the American Ambulance Association, the troduced legislation to establish an Office of The hospitals in my own home State of coalition has put together a legislative propos­ Rural Health Care within the Department of New York suffer a particularly acute patholo­ al to address the inadequacy of emergency Health and Human Services. Within a few gy. According to the American Hospital Asso­ services in rural areas. The Rural Emergency months, HHS acted to create their own Office ciation, New York ranks 50th out of all 50 Medical Services Improvement Act would Rural Health Policy. Although well-intentioned, States in terms of hospital profitability-one of make funds available to States for use in the Administration's Office of Rural Health only two States in the Nation to suffer nega­ training and recruiting personnel and to up­ Policy will not be able to function as the coali­ tive operating margins. grade ambulances. The legislation also re­ tion envisioned because it has been buried This affliction is evident in my own 22d Con­ quires HHS to review its Medicare policies beneath layers of bureaucracy. The coalition gressional District. Recently, one hospital, with special emphasis on whether or not is reintroducing legislation which will give the Horton Memorial in Middletown, NY, was those policies promote the most efficient serv­ Office of Rural Health Care a higher profile by forced to eliminate 77 staff positions in an ices and ensure an adequate level of service placing it in a more prominent position within effort to alleviate their annual operating deficit in rural areas. HHS. of approximately $3.5 million at the end of MATERNAL CHILD HEALTH IMPROVEMENT ACT RURAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS INTEREST DEDUCTION 1988. Despite occupancy levels in the range According to a recent report published by ACT of 85 to 90 percent, despite numerous meas­ the Children's Defense Fund, progress in re­ To address the continuing problem of re­ ures which have been taken to increase effi­ ducing infant mortality, low birthweight births, cruiting health care professionals to rural ciency in all areas, the hospitals in our and improving prenatal care utilization and areas, the coalition is introducing legislation Hudson Valley region are prevented from prof­ childhood immunization rates ground to a halt which would restore the interest deduction for itable operation. Our hospitals suffer the an­ or deteriorated. At the current rate, the Nation education loans. The proposal is narrowly tai­ guish of a Federal payment system which will not meet the Surgeon General's 1990 lored to only those providers who agree to plagues them with structural financial debt. 5310 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 Medicare beneficiaries make up approxi­ SEC. 3. MEDICARE PAYMENT ADJUSTMENT FOR sources for OSHA or the State OSHA pro­ CERTAIN URBAN HOSPITALS SIGNIFI­ mately 45 percent of all patients for hospitals CANTLY AND ADVERSELY AFFECTED grams to effectively do the job which they in my area. For these patients, our area hospi­ BY THE FAILURE TO USE THE MOST have been asked to do. Nonetheless, the tals are systematically undercompensated on CURRENT DATA IN COMPUTING THE question is beginning to be raised-What are HOSPITAL AREA WAGE INDEX. the labor portion of hospital costs. This artifi­ IN GENERAL.-The Secretary of Health we getting for the $450 million which the cially low payment is based on the fact that and Human Services shall provide an adjust­ OSHA Program currently costs? Medicare reimburses on the basis of outdated ment, under section 1886(d)(5)(C)(iii> of the In 18 years OSHA was able to fully promul­ data gathered in 1982 and 1984. Since that Social Security Act for discharges occurring gate only 58 standards-24 involving chemical time, my congressional district has been one in a fiscal year in the case of a hospital lo­ substances-until the recently announced cated in Orange County, New York, or in new PEL limits, which are themselves now of the fastest growing areas in New York Dutchess County, New York, in a manner so State, and actual wage levels have risen by as to substitute the hospital area wage being challenged in the courts. During the an estimated 31 percent. The hospitals are re­ index factor <3> of the Social Security Act> for the simple assertion by proponents of that data which does not reflect prevailing eco­ the New York, New York metropolitan sta­ legislation that OSHA isn't working was nomic conditions. tistical area for the hospital area wage scarcely challenged by any Member of this index factor otherwise applicable. Accordingly, along with my colleague from (b) EFFECTIVE PERIOD.-This section shall body-though many of us did challenge the New York [Mr. FISH], I am introducing legisla­ apply to discharges occurring in a fiscal deduction made from that assertion, that tion to correct Medicare's calculation of the year beginning with fiscal year 1990 and therefore we needed to establish another new wage rate adjustment, known as the Area ending with the first fiscal year that begins agency concerned with occupational health Wage Index. My legislation, the Medicare Area after the date of redesignation of metropoli­ issues. Wage Equity Act of 1989, will require the Sec­ tan statistical areas by the Office of Man­ At the same time, it needs to be empha­ agement and Budget pursuant to the 1990 retary of Health and Human Services to calcu­ decennial census. sized that the complaints with existing regula­ late the Wage Index on the basis of the most (C) BUDGET-NEUTRAL IMPLEMENTATION.­ tion and the administration of that regulation is current data available. In no case will Medi­ The Secretary shall adjust the national ad­ not limited to either employees or employers. care be permitted to use outdated data pre­ justed DRG prospective payment rates es­ Both sides have legitimate complaints that the ceding the end of the calendar year immedi­ tablished under section 1886(d)(3) of the law and the administration have not worked ately prior to the Federal fiscal year in which Social Security Act as may be necessary to as well as they should. Employees and their ensure that total payments under section payments are made. Finally, my legislation will 1886 of the Social Security Act for each families rightfully complain about the relatively require that periodic updates be made to the fiscal year are not increased or decreased by low level of penalties which can end up en­ Wage Index on a more timely annual basis, reason of the enactment of this section. couraging some employers to take the chance rather than according to the current practice that they won't get caught for violating the of updating every 3 years. SHOULD OSHA BE REFORMED? act. Employers rightfully complain about the Mr. Speaker, the Medicare Area Wage ability of disgruntled employees to harass by Equity Act will help all hospitals throughout soliciting an OSHA inspection, inspections the Nation that are afflicted with reimburse­ HON. PAUL B. HENRY which scarcely any plant in the country can OF MICHIGAN ment inequities due to the time lags in labor pass without some violation because of the cost data. If Medicare adjusts its payments on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES detail and complexity of OSHA regulations. In the basis of timely and current data, all of our Thursday, March 23, 1989 neither case is the cause of worker health and Nation's hospitals would receive the labor Mr. HENRY. Mr. Speaker, one of the bills safety well served. cost reimbursement rate to which they are which this House debated very vigorously last As many of my colleagues know, several truly justified. year was the so-called high risk notification months ago I asked a group of five individ­ Accordingly, I urge my colleagues to join in legislation. My colleagues will recall that that uals, all experts in this area, to help me put solving the health care crisis facing New legislation narrowly passed this House, but did together a proposal to make changes in York's hospitals by supporting the Medicare not have sufficient support to cut off debate in OSHA, to try to deal with a variety and a Area Wage Equity Act of 1989. the other body and so was withdrawn from spectrum of complaints with the current law H.R. 1610 consideration near the end of the 2d session and regulation. We are in the process of of the 1OOth Congress. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of having a proposal drafted, and I hope soon to Representatives of the United States of Senator METZENBAUM has recently reintro­ begin circulating that to various parties who America in Congress assembled, duced the risk notification bill in the Senate have expressed interest in this effort. and I expect that my colleague and the chair­ SECTION I. SHORT TITLE. I also want to encourage the new adminis­ man of the Health and Safety Subcommittee, This Act may be cited as the "Medicare tration, Secretary of Labor Dole, and the yet­ Area Wage Equity Act of 1989". Representative GA voos will soon introduce to-be-named Assistant Secretary for OSHA to the bill in the House. I want to anticipate, a address the need to make OSHA a more ef­ SEC. 2. UPDATING OF HOSPITAL AREA WAGE FAC­ bit, the debate over that legislation, and also TORS. fective agency as one of their first priorities. It (a) IN GENERAL.-Section 1886(d)(3)(E) of relate it to another issue which I believe is a needs to be said that OSHA has made con­ more effective and appropriate one for con­ the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. siderable strides with certain initiatives over gressional attention-reforming our Occupa­ 1395ww(d)(3)(E)) is amended- the past 2 years. Though done to some extent tional Safety and Health Act. <1> by striking "October 1, 1990 (and at under court order, the hazard communication The Occupational Safety and Health [OSH] least every 36 months thereafter)" and in­ program reached far more workers than any serting "October 1, 1989 (and annually Act is now nearly 20 years old. With only thereafter> using the most current data small exceptions, Congress has not substan­ other specific initiative OSHA has undertaken. available", and tively amended the act since its passage in Similarly, with the conclusion, except for court <2> by adding at the end the following new 1970. Nonetheless, the hands off attitude has challenges, of the PEL project, OSHA re­ sentence: "In this subparagraph, the term not been out of a generally high level of satis­ viewed and updated more standards than it 'most current data available' means, for dis­ faction on the part of either labor or manage­ had during the rest of the 18 years combined. charges occurring in a fiscal year, data for ment with the way in which the program or the Less noticed was OSHA's effort earlier this hospitals for cost reporting periods ending Occupational Safety and Health Agency have year in promulgating management guidelines in the calendar year immediately preceding for workplace safety and health programs. the beginning of the fiscal year.". worked. I say that not out of criticism directed (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.-The amendments at any particular individuals. They are dealing These are some of the general approaches made by subsection shall take effect on in an inherently divisive and frequently ambig­ which bear promise and need to be built upon, the date of the enactment of this Act and uous area-particularly where occupational both in terms of the administration of the apply to discharges occurring on or after health questions are concerned. At the same Agency and in changes and refinements to October 1, 1989. time, Congress has not provided sufficient re- the legislation. March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5311 TAMI LEE SCHMIDT IS WISCON­ action. And these dreams and goals are the recent years has been controlled by the mili­ SIN WINNER OF THE VFW'S second step in the preparation of America's tary. VOICE OF DEMOCRACY SCHOL­ future. Lastly, an article which required military per­ ARSHIP PROGRAM But America needs more than education and dreams. We need one more special trait sonnel on active duty to be placed on inactive for our preparation of the future. service or on retirement for a full year before HON. GERALD D. KLECZKA Two men stood gazing into the morning being eligible to run for elective office was OF WISCONSIN sky. They watched the graceful flight of among those suspended from Haiti's constitu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES birds soaring up towards the clouds. They tion. This only serves to further strengthen the spent many years studying their patterns of already powerful military, permitting the same Thursday, March 23, 1989 grace and ease. Since they were children, lieutenants, generals, colonels, and soliders Mr. KLECZKA. Mr. Speaker, the Veterans of they held a dream to join them. One day Foreign Wars of the United States and its they took that courageous step to make who already oppress the Haitian people in the Ladies Auxiliary recently conducted their their dream a reality. Orville and Wilbur streets on a daily basis to continue to do so Wright knew that before anything could be annual Voice of Democracy Scholarship Pro­ behind the facade of being legally elected offi­ accomplished, they had to turn the faith in cials. gram. themselves into the courage to take action. I am pleased to announce to my congres­ Their first step in flight led to great adven­ This latest action by Haiti's military regime sional colleagues that Miss Tami Lee Schmidt, tures in space. This type of courage and comes on the heels of a report issued Febru­ a very talented resident of my Fourth Con­ faith in one's self and one's fellow man is ary 24 by three human rights groups, Ameri­ gressional District of Wisconsin, wrote the the third characteristic that must be in­ cas Watch, the National Coalition for Haitian winning entry for my State. stilled into all of us as we prepare for the Refugees and the Barbados-based Caribbean I am pleased, but not surprised, that Miss future of America. All of our best plans will Watch, which says that the Avril regime is "no Schmidt was our Wisconsin winner as I have mean nothing if we are afraid to take action. closer to an elected, lawful government" than previously presented her with a U.S. Certifi­ Education, dreams, and courage are the the previous Duvalier dictatorships were. It cate of Appreciation. As a senior at Oak foundation for the future of America. Like says that the Avril regime has permitted vio­ Creek Senior High School, Tami has already Abraham Lincoln, we must strive to be our lence against its critics, that it has 'halted sig­ proven her ability in the fields of academics, individual best, and expand our minds to nificant efforts" to disband the terrorist Tonton debate, and music. I am proud to have such a their outer most potential. We must realize Macoute, the Duvalier's secret police which capable, creative young woman as my constit­ that we are only held back by the limita­ continue to kill Haitians and plunder the coun­ uent. tions we create in our minds. I include for the RECORD Miss Tami Lee Like Martin Luther King Jr., we must use tryside, and that it has failed to bring to justice Schmidt's excellent statement on the theme our freedom provided by this nation to any perpetrators of political murders that still dream-to dream of wonders yet unknown, of Preparing for America's Future. occur in Haiti even after the fall of the Duva­ to improve the life of people throughout liers. PREPARING FOR AMERICA'S FUTURE the world, to make great adventures in 1988/89 VFW Voice of Democracy Schol­ space, health and world relations. Yet our Government continues to allow the arship Program, Wisconsin Winner: Tami Like Orville and Wilbur Wright, we must Haitian regime to pull the wool over its eyes Schmidt of Oak Creek, WI. have the courage and faith in ourselves to as to its true nature. As recently as March 2 A young boy sat by the fireplace reading. bring out the best in ourselves. We must be­ of this year, an editorial on Haiti broadcast on His eyes squinted as he found it difficult to lieve we can and then do it. Then we will be the Voice of America said that while there are obtain enough light. As the light dimmed, doing more than preparing for America's still human rights abuses in Haiti, "* * * Nev­ he pored over the pages of his ragged spell­ future, we will be creating America's future. er. The early 1800's were hard for obtaining ertheless, human rights violations have oc­ education, especially in the back woods curred less frequently under the Avril govern­ area. But Abe Lincoln's love for books would THE DESTRUCTION OF HAITI'S ment. The United States is encouraged by the prepare him to lead his nation thru one of CONSTITUTION Haitian Government's apparent willingness to its most troubling periods in our history. involve opposition groups in the political proc­ While Abraham Lincoln's education pre­ pared him for his future, so the future of to­ HON. MAJOR R. OWENS ess and to work toward democratic elections." morrow's great leaders will come from OF NEW YORK I fail to see anything encouraging about today's education. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES human rights abuse in Haiti, whether frequent If America hopes to fill the aspirations of Thursday, March 23, 1989 or infrequent, and I hardly think the Avril gov­ its youth, it must continue to improve its ernment's gutting the Haitian constitution educational system. It must find a way to re­ Mr. OWENS of New York. Mr. Speaker, under the guise of democratizing Haiti is claim those who are unable to learn in the once again a militarily dominated government cause for celebration. present environment. It must provide spe­ in Haiti is attempting to hoodwink the United cial challenges to those who need it and spe­ States Government and the Haitian people by Mr. Speaker, the Haitian people paid for cial patience to those who deserve it. pretending to respect the rule of law while at their constitution in blood, just as the Ameri­ Just as Abe Lincoln campaigned for better the same time it is working surreptitiously to can people fought and died for their own free­ educational facilities, we must continue to dom against oppression and tyranny. Our campaign for a continually better educa­ undermine it and tighten its iron grip on the tional system. Education can prepare us for country. Government should empathize with the Hai­ the future, but it alone cannot lead us into The government of Gen. Prosper Avril tian people and cut all economic and diplo­ it. The future is based on dreams, and the issued a March 13 executive decree announc­ matic ties with that country until free and fair courage and confidence to follow them. ing that Haiti's constitution, popularly ratified in electons for a civilian government are held A young man marched down the streets of 1987, was being fully reinstated. But accord­ there. Montgomery, Alabama. Twenty-five thou­ ing to the Washington Office on Haiti, the Avril sand people followed him. He had a dream. And we should call for those elections to be This man's dream carried him to Washing­ reigme unilaterally suspended 37 of the con­ coordinated by a body of religious, civic, and ton, D.C. Hundreds of thousands of people stitution's 298 articles. These articles cover a human rights representatives selected by, and gathered around the nation's capitol to hear number of legal, electoral, and civil protec­ trusted by, the Haitian people themselves. him speak. His powerful voice shouted for tions of the Haitian people against total mili­ It is time we stop being fooled by the ap­ tary rule. For instance, one set of articles sub­ the cause of freedom and equality. Martin pearance of democratization in Haiti and insist Luther King Jr., dreamed that equal rights jects military personnel accused of human on the real thing. would someday be a reality. We must dream, rights abuses and civil crimes to the jurisdic­ and then use our dreams to make our future tion of a civilian court. Another set clearly de­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to insert the texts in America better. For the future of Amer­ of the statement by the Washington Office on ica is based on American dreams. Without lineates the powers and responsibilities of dreams, we have no goals, no accomplish­ Haiti's executive, judicial, and legislative Haiti concerning the suspension of 37 articles ments, no achievements. branches of government. Their suspension in the Haitian Constitution, and the Voice of The goals Americans make are really their would effectively concentrate most of these America March 2 editorial, in the CONGRES­ dreams which have been set to a plan of powers in the executive branch-which in SIONAL RECORD. 5312 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 WASHINGTON OFFICE ON HAITI, The Washington Office on Haiti would THE TRAGEDY OF BONE Washington, DC, March 14, 1989. have eagerly welcomed a genuine reinstate­ MARROW DISEASE ment of the 1987 Constitution. Instead, the CONSTITUTIONAL BASIS FOR MILITARY Washington Office on Haiti sees yesterday's DICTATORSHIP DECLARED IN HAITI move as the last piece in a puzzle that the HON. CHRISTOPHER SHAYS The Washington Office on Haiti vigorous­ Avril government has been assembling for OF CONNECTICUT ly denounced the Avril Government's at­ some time. This puzzle creates a picture of a tempt to manipulate national and interna­ sustained military dictatorship, complete IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional opinion through its March 13, 1989 with its own constitutional foundation, that Thursday, March 23, 1989 executive decree. While the decree claims to intends to deny the people of Haiti the op­ reinstate the popularly ratified 1987 Consti­ portunity to create a democratic society Mr. SHAYS. Mr. Speaker, in my home State tution "in full force", it in fact lays the con­ based on political participation and social of Connecticut, the Governor designated stitutional basis for a full military dictator­ and economic justice. The Washington March as "Bone Marrow Donor Registration ship. Office on Haiti calls on the Avril govern­ Month." The month of March is almost over, The reinstatement of the Constitution has ment to immediately repeal the March 13, but that does not mean the need to call atten­ been a key demand of both the people of 1989, decree. tion to this life-saving treatment should end. Haiti and supporters of democratic change for Haiti in the international community. In recent years, advances in the technology Yet according to the decree, 37 of the 298 HUMAN RIGHTS IN HAITI of bone marrow transplantations have ottered articles of the 1987 Constitution have been distinguished chairman of the Banking Com- March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5313 mittee, HENRY GONZALEZ, has played in en­ The bill I introduce today would not go quite In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I look forward to suring that this legislation is accorded the that far, but it would move significantly in this raising these issues during the committee de­ highest priority. Our colleague from Illinois, direction by permitting banks and bank hold­ liberations on the administration's plan, as FRANK ANNUNZIO, the distinguished chairman ing companies to acquire, during the first 2 well as participating actively in the many other of the Subcommittee on Financial Institutions years after enactment, any savings and loan areas of public policy debate which have been Supervision, Regulation and Insurance has association with capital of 3 percent or less. identified by members both on and off the performed admirably in scheduling the hear­ This is the midpoint between zero, which is Banking Committee. I am confident that we ings, consulting with Members and otherwise the acquisition threshold under current prac­ can act with appropriate dispatch, while at the laying the groundwork for prompt action. My tice, and the 61 percent capital level that will same time improving upon the plan submitted compliments to both him and his able staff. be required under the administration plan. to us by President Bush. Insofar as the administration's bill is con­ During the hearings, support for liberalizing Our distinguished colleague from New York cerned, it represents an excellent starting the conditions under which thrifts can be ac­ [Mr. FLAKE] has done yeoman's work on the point, but in my view, it places too much of quired by banks was expressed by the Ameri­ important issues relating to transition rules for the funding burden on the American taxpayer. can Bankers Association, the Association of those S&L's which will need additional time to I am also concerned that the plan would griev­ Bank Holding Companies, and the National come up to the capital standards called for in ously weaken the Federal Home Loan Bank Council of Savings Institutions. the administration plan. In many instances, system at a time when the savings and loan In addition to removing entry barriers which these institutions have become capital im­ industry will obviously be playing a lessened now preclude banks and bank holding compa­ paired as a result of their willingness in past role in providing mortgage financing to pro­ nies from acquiring S&L's, the Fauntroy legis­ years to acquire troubled S&L's from the spective home buyers. lation would also encourage holding compa­ FSLIC, and we certainly should not change The legislation I am introducing today would nies to invest in S&L's by integrating the insti­ the rules retroactively on these companies. address both these deficiencies. First, it would tution into its other business activities. It would Finally, the whole question of State powers attract additional investment capital to the also facilitate capital raising by mutual institu­ is another where the Banking Committee will thrift industry as a means of reducing the tions. have to work hard to strike the appropriate amount of taxpayer funds that must be devot­ The second part of this legislation deals compromise between the way in which the ed to the FSLIC bailout. Second, it would en­ with the Federal Home Loan Bank System, Nation's banking system has traditionally func­ hance, rather than reduce, the ability of the which would be changed in several fundamen­ tioned and the stark reality that it is the Feder­ Federal Home Loan Bank System to support al insurance agencies which pay the bills. I the mortgage market. tal ways by the administration's plan. The bank system, which consists of 12 district look forward to assisting in the design of the With respect to the first point, it is impera­ transition rules which will be necessary here tive that Congress assures that the adminis­ Federal home loan banks, was created as a means of promoting housing finance and the also. tration plan contains enough private sector ini­ I ask unanimous consent that my bill be tiatives to encourage the acquisition of both thrift industry. This is essentially accomplished by the banks making credit advances for mort­ printed in its entirety at this point in the failed and failing thrift institutions. In particular, RECORD. Thank you very much. we must provide methods and incentives for gage loans available to the thrift industry at fa­ H.R. 1592 attracting additional capital to those thrifts vorable rates. which are not currently insolvent but are not The district banks are required to contribute Be it enacted by the Senate and the House all of the retained earnings-approximately $3 of Representatives of the United States of economically viable in the absence of outside America in Congress assembled, assistance. billion, as well as future earnings in an amount not to exceed $300 million per year to the res­ SECTION I. SHORT TITLE. In a recent study, the international consult­ This Act may be cited as the "Thrift Insti­ ing firm of Boaz, Allen & Hamilton warned that olution of insolvent thrift institutions. As a result, I share the concern of many of the tution Capital Enhancement Act of 1989". the current effort to resolve the 500 insolvent SEC. 2. ACQUISITION OF UNDERCAPITALIZED S&L's pales by comparison with the money committee members that the bank system will THRIFT INSTITUTIONS BY BANK which will be necessary to deal with the over be called upon to bear an enormous financial HOLDING COMPANIES AND NATIONAL 1,000 marginal institutions with weak earnings, cost at a time when its established customer BANKS. dangerously low capital, and funding sus­ base; namely, the thrift industry, is undergoing (a) BANK HOLDING COMPANIES.-Section tained by brokered deposits and other high in­ a major consolidation. 4(c) of the Bank Holding Company Act of If the bank system is to meet its funding ob­ 1956 02 U.S.C. 1843(c)) is amended by terest rate deposits. Many of these institutions adding at the end thereof the following new face inevitable failure unless they can attract ligations under this legislation, every thing subsection: additional capital now. possible should be done to increase the earn­ 0) by inserting after paragraph 04> the According to Boaz Allen, the time to do this ings of the district banks. To accomplish this, following new paragraph: is while these institutions still have some fran­ the second part of the Fauntroy legislation "05) shares of any insured institution­ chise value that is attractive to potential pur­ would permit the banks to make advances to "(A) the amount of regulatory capital of chasers such as commercial banks and an expanded class of borrowers by opening which of the National Housing Act."; quired and then operated under restrictions effect of this change would be that any de­ (2) by striking out "or" at the end of para­ which discourage economic efficiencies. Two pository institution engaged in home financing graph 03>; and (3) by striking out the period at the end of years after enactment, banks would be free to would be eligible for bank advances in an paragraph 04) and inserting in lieu thereof acquire any savings and loan association. amount consonant with its commitment to "; or". On this aspect of the administration's plan, mortgage lending. (b) NATIONAL BANKS.-The paragraph des­ the Chairman of the FDIC had the following This eligibility would be particularly useful to ignated the "Seventh" of section 5136 of the comment during his testimony before the community banks and minority institutions Revised Statutes 02 U.S.C. 24) is amended Banking Committee on March 8, 1989: "The which do not have access to the capital mar­ by adding at the end thereof the following FDIC believes that bank holding companies kets. Moreover, both the lending activities and new sentence: "Subject to such regulations should be permitted to acquire failed or failing the capital of the district banks could be in­ as the Comptroller of the Currency may prescribe, a national bank may purchase for S&L's immediately, without the cross-market­ creased, enabling the bank system to better the bank's own account shares issued by an ing, activity, and branching restrictions or any meet its commitment to both the housing fi­ insured institution the posed by the FRB." lution in particular. amount of regulatory capital of which of the Federal tablishing and funding one or more joint re­ subsection: Deposit Insurance Act), or insured credit search and development ventures through the "(i) INSURED INSTITUTIONS TREATED AS union (as defined in section 101<7) of the Advanced Technology Program at the Nation­ BANKS FoR CERTAIN PuRPOSEs.-In the case Federal Credit Union Act)". al Institute of Standards and Technology. A of any bank holding company which con­ summary of the bill follows: trols any insured institution described in subsection (c)(15), the Board may not HIGH DEFINITION TELEVISION THE HIGH DEFINITION TELEVISION RESEARCH impose or enforce any limitation any other aspect of the program's op­ nity and hope, which are far more valuable their children the quality care which is essen­ eration during the preceding year which the than what a weekly paycheck can buy. I'm not tial, but unaffordable or unavailable, to most Office considers appropriate. exaggerating when I say that thousands of American families today. Information compiled under this section children in western Massachusetts have a shall be kept available for at least 5 years warm home to sleep in at night, because H.R. 1628 following the end of the year with respect Be it enacted by the Senate and House of to which the information relates. Amedee DeRoy helped their parents find jobs. Representatives of the United States of SEC. 3. COMMENCEMENT. That is what I call success. America in Congress assembled, The Office of Personnel Management After gallantly serving this country in the SECTION 1. DEPENDENT CARE ASSISTANCE PRO­ shall take appropriate measures to ensure- U.S. Army during World War II, Amedee came GRAM (1) that the first opportunity for any indi­ home to Holyoke to own and operate a gro­ (a) ESTABLISHMENT.-The Office of Person­ vidual to elect to become a participant in cery store at the corner of Mosher and North nel Management shall establish a dependent the program under this Act shall be afford­ ed beginning with a period <2> the benefits to become available pur­ suant to this Act; the Riverview Club on North Bridge Street. meet the requirements for exclusion After 12 years at the Riverview Club, Amedee from gross income under section 129 of the (B) the terms and conditions for receiving Internal Revenue Code of 1986 the procedures for making an election he stayed 3 years before becoming the job are provided pursuant to salary reduc­ during the period described in paragraph administrator for the Holyoke Housing Author­ (1); and tion agreements meeting the requirements (3) that salary reductions are made and ity. While at the housing authority, Amedee of section 125 of the Internal Revenue Code benefits provided (in accordance with appli­ was responsible for handling personnel and of 1986 a period of not less than 8 weeks shall after the date of enactment of this Act. be afforded before the start of each calen­ GET A Placement Services and the Hampden dar year to permit- County Consortium. Throughout the past few (i) any individual participating in the pro­ years, I have had the privilege to work with gram to elect to change the individual's salary reduction amount, or to cease partici­ Amedee and the consortium in securing fund­ pating in the program; and ing for vocational education training. During (ii) any eligible individual who is not par­ the entire funding process, Amedee always ticipating in the program to elect to begin THE RETIREMENT OF AMEDEE conducted himself in an extremely profession­ or resume participation, as the case may be; DEROY al and cordial manner. He has helped to pro­ and vide quality personnel for the industrial and in addition to any opportunity afford­ ed under subparagraph the average salary reduction elected the last decade, he has helped more than Mr. Speaker, a wise woman once said, during the preceding year; 1,000 people get jobs, people who may not "The world is moved along, not only by the (3) whether the total amount of salary re- have otherwise been able to provide for their mighty shoves of its greatest heroes, but also auctions during the preceding year exceeded families. by the aggregate of the tiny pushes of each the total value of benefits provided under· The importance of a job to the head of a honest worker." the program during such year and, if so, the , household is immeasurable. A job does not That is a perfect description of my friend, amount of the excess; and · just bring steady income, it gives a person dig- Amedee. 5320 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 TOUGHEN THE PENALTIES FOR both sides of this debate to support this legis­ 16 and under has increased 300 percent in THE MISUSE OF SEMIAUTO­ lation for the following reasons: major urban areas since 1986. MATIC FIREARMS It's not a ban on anything-it simply calls The banning of bullets is a straightforward for enhanced penalties for the use of any strategy for keeping handgun violence in HON. RON WYDEN semiautomatic firearm or a short-barelled check. The logic is simple. Today, there are shotgun in connection with a violent crime or an estimated 60 million handguns in circula­ OF OREGON drug trafficking crime. tion, and by the year 2000 that number is ex­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It includes sawed-off shotguns, which are pected to reach 100 million. A hundgun is a Thursday, March 23, 1989 also weapons of choice for criminals and are durable machine which, unless carelessly left highly restricted under Federal law, but aren't vulnerable to rust, or subjected to unusually Mr. WYDEN. Mr. Speaker, today I have in­ currently included in the enhanced sentencing rough handling, should last long beyond the troduced legislation, the Criminal Assault section of title 18 that applies to machine­ lifetime of its owner. Even with an outright ban Weapon Penalty Act of 1989, which will get at guns. on handgun manufacture, sale, and posses­ the major problem behind the semiautomatic It doesn't limit these enhanced penalties to sion, existing weapons could remain in circula­ assault weapon debate-the criminals who semiautomatic long guns, because even tion for generations. use these vicious weapons in the crimes they though the assault rifles are popular with Without ammunition, however, a handgun is commit. criminals in the West, the semiautomatic useless. In communities across this Nation and my handguns are popular with criminals in the In 1986, Congress passed the first ammuni­ own State of Oregon, our constituents have East. tion ban in the country's history. This law, the witnessed in horror as criminals flaunt these Aside from any lengthy debate on whether Law Enforcement Protection Act, forbids the deadly weapons in our neighborhoods, in our to ban assault rifles, we need to act quickly to manufacture, import, and sale of the so-called forests and even in the schools our children provide prosecutors with tough new tools to cop-killer bullet, a type of ammunition capable attend. get the criminals who use them behind bars. of penetrating police flak jackets. Despite this Clearly, something must be done to stop The constituents in our communities which are ground-breaking legislation, police officers this terror. Yet so far, the debate has centered besieged by this deadly escalation in criminal continue to be assassinated in the line of duty on whether to ban these weapons, which firepower deserve no less. by firearms. Six law enforcement agents lost poses some very difficult legislative drafting their lives to .25- and .32-caliber handgun problems. wounds in 1987 alone. First, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and THE INTRODUCTION OF THE The .25- and .32-caliber handguns are the Firearms has confirmed that there is no VIOLENT CRIME PREVENTION weapons of choice for many criminals. Cheap unique functional or mechanical difference be­ ACT and easily concealable, these guns are made tween military assault-type semiautomatic fire­ for the purpose of killing human beings. They arms and other semiautomatic firearms which HON. TED WEISS are so easy to handle that even children are are used in sports and hunting. able to use them. This past January, a 5-year­ The question is how to draft legislation OF NEW YORK old Bronx kindergartner was caught carrying a which would differentiate between the semi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES loaded .25-caliber gun to school. During the automatic assault rifles and the semiautomatic Thursday, March 23, 1989 same month, in Fairfax, VA, an 8-year-old boy hunting rifles. If there's no mechanical or func­ shot his 6-year-old sister to death in the family tional difference between the two, how could Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, I am introducing bedroom with a .32-caliber gun after she this be done? the Violent Crime Prevention Act, a bill to ban scolded him for playing with the weapon. Another way of keeping criminals who the manufacture, transfer, and importation of This legislation is an important component abuse firearms off the streets is to put them in .25- and .32-caliber handgun ammunition. of our long-term battle against violent crime. It jail for a very long time. That's the basic con­ Senator MOYNIHAN introduced this measure in could save the lives of law enforcement offi­ cept of the Armed Career Criminal Act of the Senate in the 99th Congress, and in each cers, and hundreds of civilians, including many 1984 and of which I am proud to have been a succeeding Congress. With the continuing es­ children, each year. I urge my colleagues to sponsor. calation of drug-related violence around the support this bill. The Armed Career Criminal Act says that country, and the frightening rise in homicide in criminals with three prior convictions of seri­ some of the Nation's major cities, now is an H.R.- ous felonies or drug offenses can be sent to especially crucial time to get serious about Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Federal prison for a minimum of 15 years with tackling violent crime. Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, no parole if they're caught possessing any Current handgun control laws clearly are kind of firearm. Since October 1986, 405 not effective. Between 1960 and 1980, the SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. career criminals have been sentenced to Fed­ United States homicide rate by means other This Act may be cited as the "Violent eral prison for a combined total of 4,393 than firearms increased by 85 percent. During Crime Prevention Act". years. this same period, the death rate from homi­ SEC. 2. PROHIBITION AGAINST MANUFACTURE, The time to toughen the penalties for using TRANSFER, OR IMPORTATION OF .25 cide by firearms increased by 160 percent. CALIBER and .32 CALIBER AMMUNI­ semiautomatic firearms and sawed-off shot­ Handguns account for 75 percent of all gun­ TION. guns in the commission of a serious crime is related homicides. In addition, the overwhelm­ Section 922(a) of title 18, United States long overdue. ing majority of felony crimes where firearms Code, is amended by- My legislation would add semiautomatic fire­ are used are committed with handguns. (1) striking "and" at the end of paragraph arms with ammunition clips containing 1O or The recent rise in the homicide toll under­ (7); more rounds and short-barelled shotguns to scores the need for more effective gun con­ (2) striking the period at the end of para­ section 924(c)(1) of title 18. This section cur­ graph (8) and inserting in lieu thereof a trol. The 1988 homicide rate in New York City semicolon; and rently provides for enhanced penalties for the climbed 13 percent from 1987. In Washington, (3) adding at the end the following: use of a machinegun or silencer in connection the number of murders committed thus far in "(9) for any person to manufacture, trans­ with a crime of violence or drug trafficking 1989 is almost double the number committed fer, or import .25 or .32 caliber ammunition, crime. by this time last year-a homicide rate that except that this paragraph shall not apply Simply put, this legislation will add all semi­ now nears 1.5 murders per day. to- automatic firearms with 10-round clips and Hospitals in major cities across the country "(A) the manufacture of such ammunition sawed-off shotguns to this category of weap­ have reported significant recent increases in for the use of the United States or any de­ ons for enhanced sentencing. Thus, a first of­ gunshot wound victims. Children, unfortunate­ partment or agency thereof or of any State or any department, agency, or political sub­ fense conviction would send a criminal to ly, are included in this frightening trend. Ac­ division thereof; and prison for 30 years and a second offense con­ cording to a study conducted by the chief of "(B) any manufacture or importation for viction would be sentenced to life imprison­ pediatric surgery at Harlem Hospital Center in testing or for experimentation authorized ment without release. I urge my colleagues on New York, gunshot wounds in children aged by the Secretary; and March 23, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5321 "00) for any manufacturer or importer to cling works at the local level. In my county the ordained 25 years ago at St. James Cathe­ sell or deliver .25 or .32 caliber ammunition, local government offered municipalities $20 dral in Brooklyn, graduated from St. Mary's except that this paragraph shall not apply per ton of recycled garbage. This not only University in Baltimore, BA and master's in to the sale or delivery by a manufacturer or saved the county money from disposal costs, theology from Fordham University, has importer of such ammunition for testing or completed doctoral studies at Fordham. for experimentation authorized by the Sec­ but it also saved space in its landfill. In fact in Residence: Rectory at St. Teresa's. retary.". 1987, the recycling program saved the county Monsignor Finnerty's answers to four SEC. 3. LICENSING FEE FOR MANUFACTURERS. $459,000 and 73,000 cubic yards at the land­ questions: (a) IN GENERAL.-Section 923(a)(l)(A) of fill. Major accomplishment: Fostering an atti­ title 18, United States Code, is amended by The success of recycling in Delaware tude that the front line of the Catholic striking out "or armor piercing ammuni­ County should be made available to other offi­ Church is in the loc'al parish ... When lay tion" and inserting in lieu thereof ", or cials who are interested in setting up their people take ownership of their church and armor piercing or .25 or .32 caliber ammuni­ own recycling program. My legislation would of their programs and work together in a tion". collaborative effort, they are able to achieve centralize information on the various recycling something that's truly noble, positive and (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.-Section programs, such as Delaware County's, at a 923(a)(l)(C) of title 18, United States Code, dynamic ..." is amended by inserting "or .25 or .32 cali­ clearinghouse in the EPA. The clearinghouse Best thing about Queens: "It's a great ber" before "ammunition" the third place it would then disseminate the information to in­ United Nations. All I have to do is look out appears. terested State and local officials. There is a my window and see Irish and Polish kids SEC. 4. LICENSING FEE FOR IMPORTERS. $500,000 authorization in the bill which would from my school linking hands and playing Section 923(a)(2) of title 18, United States be matched by funding from the private ball with Hispanics and Koreans. There's a sector. The Glass Packaging Institute and the respect and collaborative spirit that is abso­ Code, is amended to read as follows: lutely beautiful." "(2) If the applicant is an importer- National Association for Plastic Container Re­ Biggest problem: "The plague of illegal "(A) of destructive devices, ammunition covery endorse the bill. for destructive devices, or armor piercing or drugs . . . " Although the clearinghouse will not elimi­ If I were mayor: "I'd get a good tough nun .25 or .32 caliber ammunition, a fee of $1,000 nate the problem, it is a good first step. Recy­ per year; or and put her in charge of the city school "(B) of firearms other than destructive de­ cling can be a clean and profitable answer to system." vices, ammunition for firearms other than a dirty problem. I urge my colleagues to join me and 46 other Members of Congress in co­ destructive devices, or ammunition other MRS. KATHLEEN K. WRIGHT: than armor piercing or .25 or .32 caliber am­ sponsoring the Recycling Clearinghouse Infor­ munition, a fee of $50 per year.". mation Act. TRIBUTE TO GOP GRASS- SEC. 5. LICENSED IMPORTERS AND LICENSED MAN­ ROOTS ACTIVIST UFACTURERS REQUIRED TO MARK ALL .25 AND .30 CALIBER AMMUNI­ IN HONOR OF MSGR. JOSEPH HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN TION. FINNERTY Section 923 of title 18, United States Code, OF CALIFORNIA is amended by adding at the end the follow­ HON.THOMASJ.MANTON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing: Thursday, March 23, 1989 "(l) Licensed importers and licensed man­ OF NEW YORK ufacturers shall mark all .25 and .32 caliber IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. DORNAN of Califorina. Mr. Speaker, ammunition and packages containing such Thursday, March 23, 1989 rise today to pay tribute to a tireless GOP ammunition for distribution, in the manner grassroots activist named Kathleen K. Wright. prescriberd by the Secretary by regula­ Mr. MANTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Grassroots political volunteers are always in­ tion.". pay tribute to a special constituent, Msgr. D. volved, motivated and passionate advocates SEC. 6. PENALTY FOR POSSESSION OF .25 OR .32 Joseph Finnerty. Monsignor Finnerty has re­ of America's highest ideals but "Kay" Wright's CALIBER AMMUNITION DURING cently been named coordinator of the Irish CRIME OF VIOLENCE OR DRUG TRAF­ dedication to the Grand Old Party has been FICKING CRIME. Apostolate by the Catholic Diocese of Brook­ exemplary. Subsections (a)(l) and (b) of section 929 of lyn and Queens. In this new position Monsi­ As members of this great body, we all rec­ title 18, United States Code, are each gnor Finnerty will provide counseling and sup­ ognize the value which local political activism amended by inserting "or .25 or .32 caliber" port to the nearly 20,000 undocumented Irish has in shaping public opinion nationally. Unfor­ before "ammunition". immigrants in Queens as they embark on the tunately, for many of us inside provincial SEC. 7. EFFECTIVE DATE. road to becoming legal residents of the United Washington, many of these activists remain The amendments made by this Act shall States. Monsignor Finnerty understands the nameless and faceless to the candidates they take effect on the first day of the first cal­ challenges these immigrants face. His par­ enthusiastically support. Yet many of us owe endar month which begins more than 90 ents, like mine, were Irish immigrants them­ days after the date of enactment of this Act. our political careers to these individuals who selves. I know Monsignor Finnerty is the right motivate the silent majority in our society with man to undertake this effort. During his 4 their infectious energy and dedication. Their THE RECYCLING years as pastor of St. Teresa's Church in lack of recognition does not bother them, CLEARINGHOUSE Woodside, Monsignor Finnerty has proven however, because they are guided by a higher himself to be a tireless worker and advocate purpose. HON. CURT WELDON for those in need. I would like to take this op­ Mr. Speaker, Kay Wright has been a politi­ portunity to wish Monsignor Finnerty God­ cal foot-soldier in the most classic sense. OF PENNSYLVANIA speed as he begins this new position. The job IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Throughout the 1950's and 1960's Kay was before him is a difficult one, but I know Monsi­ involved in the second Eisenhower Presiden­ Thursday, March 23, 1989 gnor Finnerty will excel in this new position. tial campaign, the Nixon 1962 gubernatorial Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Monsignor Finnerty was recently honored in and two Presidential campaigns, the Gold­ reintroduce the Recycling Information Clear­ Newsday's Queens Profile. I insert the article water Presidential campaign, and the first inghouse Act. This legislation is more vital in the RECORD. Reagan gubernatorial campaign. At the State today than ever before. Our country is experi­ QUEENS PROFILE ON MSGR. D. JOSEPH level Kay was a member of the Pasadena Re­ encing a major garbage glut as Americans FINNERTY publican Club, the Los Angeles County Cen­ continue to generate vast amounts of waste, in order to reduce the trade rather than negotiated trade agreements. tioned, both of which could have either deficit and the related U.S. international There was agreement across all groups on positive or destructive effects depending on debt and to increase domestic funds avail­ one fundamental point: all of the necessary how they were practiced. It was also noted able for investment; and, for the long term, adjustments will be easier and less disrup­ that religion has assumed this role in some increased investment in the human re­ tive if they can be accomplished in the con­ societies as secular values have declined, sources which are the basis of America's text of a broad multilateral free trade with often destabilizing results. The con- 5332 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 23, 1989 tinuing prevalence and problems of racism process. It was agreed that providing real Other delegates stressed the need to take is an additional complicating factor. One leadership on these issues would not be into account the interests of small states clearly preferable alternative suggested in easy, particularly given the strong political and groups such as indigenous peoples the final conference presentation would be and economic pressures now at play. Howev­ which have unique perspectives and contri­ the development and articulation by demo­ er, as one European delegate commented, butions to offer on many of the issues dis­ cratic spokesmen of a "new international­ "Shouting at each other doesn't help any­ cussed at the Caucus. In the Asia/Pacific ism," which would understand the fact of thing." region, the peoples of the Pacific Islands interdependence and the need for more in­ 5. OTHER ISSUES were particularly mentioned in this connec­ tegrated decision-making. Environmental questions were identified tion. The important role of Parliamentarians by several delegates as an essential element Finally, the question was raised as to how was stressed by several delegates. They of long-term security and prosperity which the increasing involvement of the commu­ argued that, as the leaders in each country had been inadequately recognized in the nist states, especially China, in regional af­ who deal most directly and continuously past. One delegate stressed the need for new fairs might be reflected in future Caucus with the people and interests that suffer mechanisms to ensure effective protection meetings, without detracting from the pain or make gain as a result of economic and preservation of the "global commons." democratic character of the forum. Expert changes, Parliamentarians are in a unique Another pointed to the need for develop­ representation was mentioned as one possi­ position to help mediate and manage these ment policies to provide for environmental bility which the Caucus organizers might conflicts so as to facilitate adjustment while rejuvenation and therefore make possible consider. minimizing the adverse consequences of the long-term "intergenerational development".