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The Ohio Journal of Science 9:30 THE ROLE OF CHEMICAL SENSES IN SEED DISPERSAL BY ANTS. Stacey L. Myers. Department of Biology, Kenyon Technical Section College, Gambier, OH 43022. Abstracts The basis for induction of seed dispersal by ants was examined through behavioral and physiological methods. 19 sylvan ant colonies were tested 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m., Saturday, May 2, 1992 for olfactory and gustatory response to seeds by monitoring the time spent College of Business Administration by individual ants with treatments of no seed, exposed seed, and unexposed seed. Results indicated that ants do not identify seeds by olfaction; instead Note: Abstracts of posters follow podium they respond to seeds only if the seeds are blindly stumbled upon and "tasted." Ants spent 165.9 ±42.6 seconds with exposed seeds that were presentations by section. "tasted," but only 5.7 ±0.8 seconds with seeds that were not "tasted." This gustatory response refutes the use of the word "attractant" for seed A. Zoology chemicals. Initial electroantennogram assays, recorded from ants in response to olfactory and gustatory application of mixed diolein, supported Only Morning the behavioral data. Olfactory application produced no consistent result, 9:00 am, Saturday, May 2, 1992 while gustatory application elicited consistent hyperpolarization. College of Business Administration 125 9:45 A BAROMETRIC PRESSURE CHAMBER FOR INSECT BEHAVIOR STUDIES. R. J. Anderson and R. Louie. Agric. Res. Service, Miles A. Coburn, Presiding U.S. Dept. of Agric. and Departments of Entomology and Plant Pathology, respectively. OSU-OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691. 9:00 FIELD INVENTORY AND TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FRESH A cylindrical metal container (54.6 cm high x 40.6 cm in diameter), open at WATER GASTROTRICHA FROM EASTERN OHIO. CRAFT, Laura the top end, was used as the pressure chamber. At the open end, a collar G., Department of Zoological and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, made of 1.9 cm thick plywood and a rubber gasket which was coated with Athens, OH 45701 vacuum grease was used to support a lexan-lid (1.3 cm thick) and a 1.9 cm thick plywood retaining ring. The transparent lid allowed access and Until now, only 3 species of Gastrotricha have been identified from the State illumination into the chamber. Air pressure inside the air-tight chamber was of Ohio, compared with some 300 species known from freshwater habitats controlled by inflating or deflating a rubber tube at the bottom of the the world over. The present study includes lakes, ponds and marshes in chamber. A timer-actuated solenoid valve regulated air to the tube. southeastern Ohio, and bogs and fens in northeastern Ohio. Superficial Temperature, humidity, and pressure were recorded with a datalogger and sediments and submerged vegetation were collected and kept in aquaria in down-loaded to a computer for analysis. Pressure control was precise. In the laboratory. From these, over 150 specimens were extracted, mounted on two 12-hour tests with controls set at 2.29 mm mercury per hour decrease slides and recorded on Super-VHS cassette tapes, using differential and 3.05 mm mercury per hour increase, chamber pressure dropped by interference contrast optics and high-resolution videomicroscopy. Individual 27.48 mm of mercury and rose by 36.60 mm of mercury, respectively, as images were converted to computer files, using frame grabbing hardware. expected. When the controls were set for constant pressure, the pressure These files permit descriptions and drawings to be made, and morphology fluctuated no more than 1.02 mm of mercury in a 12-hour period. to be analyzed by means of analytic and statistical software. All descriptions refer back to the fully taped images; diagnoses differentiate between species 10:00 TOXIC ACTION OF DIAZINON ON THE GILLS OF BLUEGILL from the study areas in Ohio and from others in the literature. At least 30 SUNFISH, LEPOMISMACROCHIRUS. Hiran M. Dutta, Todd species have been found, comprising 8 of the 9 most commonly Zeno and Chelliah R. Richmonds, Department of Biological Sciences, represented genera and involving several new species. This work will also Kent State Uiversity, Kent, OH 44242. allow evaluation of differing taxonomic changes proposed in recent monographic studies by Kisielewski (1991, from Brazil) and Schwank Histopathological changes of the gills of bluegills exposed to sub-lethal (1991, from Germany), which have partially destabilized the generic level concentrations of diazinon were investigated in this study. Fish were taxa in the freshwater sector of this phylum. exposed to 15,30,45,60 and 75 mg/l of commercial diazinon for a period of 24 hours. Routine histological techniques were performed to assess the 9:15 MUSELLIFER SUBLITORALIS (GASTROTRICHA, damage. Lifting of the epithelial layer from gill lamellae and dilation of blood CHAETONOTIDA) FROM ALASKA: A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY. sinuses were observed after an exposure to 15 mg/l of diazinon. Gills from HUMMON, William D., Dept. of Zoological and Biomedical Sciences, fish exposed to 30 mg/l were afflicted with mild forms of hyperplasia. Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701 Necrosis and epithelial rupture were observed when the dosage was increased to 45 mg/l. Extensive lamellar fusion was found in the gills of fish Musellifersublitoralis Hummon, 1969 was described from two specimens exposed to 60 and 75 mg/l of diazinon. Mucous cell hypertrophy and clavate collected at 14-20 m depth in different summers, amid marine muds of the lamellae were also observed at these exposure concentrations. These histo- San Juan Archipelago, Washington. Recently, numerous specimens have pathological changes could result in hypoxia and problems with ionic and been found in similar habitats of southeastern Alaska by Alan Decho, Tom acid-base balance. Shirley and John Fleeger. These preserved specimens have been mounted on slides and studied at 20-100 x magnification, using differential 10:15 ONTOGENY OF THE WEBERIAN APPARATUS OF THE CYPRINID interference contrast optics. Select specimens were also recorded on Super- FISH LUXILUS CORNUTUS. Lidia M. Futey & Miles M. Coburn. VHS cassette tapes, using image-enhanced, high-resolution Dept. of Biology, John Carroll Univ., Univ. Hts., OH 44118 videomicroscopy, and several additional specimens were analyzed by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy at 600-1400 x magnification. A principle We investigated the ontogeny of the component structures of the Weberian components analysis of morphological variability was performed on ten apparatus, an otophysan synapomorphy, in the cyprinid fish Luxilus body characters from some 40 specimens: total body length; lengths of cornutus. We directed special attention to the development of the claustrum pharynx, intestine and furca; widths of head, neck, trunk and furcal base; and supraneurals. A graded developmental series of 125 lab reared and length and width of the mid-dorsal neck scales. The results were specimens was preserved from 9-75 days post-fertilization. Counterstaining compared with those from a similar study on a second species, Musellifer enabled both cartilage and bone to be viewed through early developmental profundus Vivier, 1974, which was first described from a single specimen stages. Photomicrographs indicate the presence of three cartilages found at 200 m in the northern Mediterranean Sea, but which had later been (supraneurals 2, 3, and 4). These coalesce to form a single structure, which found in abundance at shallower sublittoral depths in Scotland and in the later undergoes perichondral ossification to form "supraneural 3 and 4" and Polish Baltic (see Hummon and Brient, 1991). A comparative study of the parts of "neural arches 3 and 4" (sensu Fink & Fink, 1981). The homology of two species will be published. the claustrum has been long debated. Our study indicates that the claustrum initially has a cartilage component and this may be homologous to the first supraneural. 10 The Ohio Journal of Science Vol. 92(2) 10: 30 DARTERS (PERCIDAE) OF THE OHIO RIVER: OHIO'S the onset of the wandering stage of development. The 50-fold increase in SHORELINE ASSEMBLAGES FROM MILE 66.2 TO 487.2 midgut monooxygenase activity exhibits a head critical period temporally Randall E. Sanders and James P. Stricko, Ohio Environmental Protection coincident with the release of prothoracicotropic hormone, is predicated on Agency, Division of Water Quality Planning and Assessment, 1685 West m-RNA and protein synthesis and can be elicited in competent head or Belt Drive, Columbus, OH 43228 thorax ligated pre-wandering animals by injections of ecdysone or the ecdysone agonist RH 5849 (1, 2-dibenzoyl-1-terf-butylhydrazine). Recent During the fall of 1991, near-shore fish assemblages at 20 Ohio River experiments suggest that the second messenger guanosine 3':5'-cyclic locations (Ohio shore) were sampled by night electrofishing as part of a monophosphate (cyclic GMP) may be involved in the regulation of midgut nongame and endangered species survey. Throughout the survey, low water ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity. Midgut tissues pre-incubated with and turbidity levels provided optimal sampling conditions. Darters dibutyryl cyclic GMP were found to exhibit significantly higher levels of represented 3.5% (354) of the total number of fish collected and 16.9% (10) enzyme activity than untreated controls. Similarly, injections of dibutyryl of the total species richness. The number of individuals/number of sites cyclic GMP into competent head or thorax ligated pre-wandering animals