City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2-2017 Violence Against Architecture: The Lost Cultural Heritage of Syria and Iraq Heidi James Fisher The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1898 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact:
[email protected] VIOLENCE AGAINST ARCHITECTURE: THE LOST CULTURAL HERITAGE OF SYRIA AND IRAQ by HEIDI JAMES-FISHER A master’s thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty in the Liberal Studies Program in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts, The City University of New York 2017 © 2017 HEIDI JAMES-FISHER All Rights Reserved ii Violence Against Architecture: The Lost Cultural Heritage of Syria and Iraq by Heidi James-Fisher This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in the Liberal Studies Program in satisfaction of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Arts. _____________________________ _________________________________________ Date Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis Thesis Advisor ______________________________ __________________________________________ Date Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis Acting Executive Officer THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Violence Against Architecture: The Lost Cultural Heritage of Syria and Iraq by Heidi James-Fisher Advisor: Professor Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis This thesis examines ancient architecture within Syria and Iraq that has been deliberately destroyed by violence. The act of destroying architecture and monuments in both Syria and Iraq, which is often-historical UNESCO protected, will invariably violate various laws, such as the 1954 Hague Convention or the Rome Statute.