Perhentian ID Guide. The following guide is the product of one two week trip to the Perhentian Islands, Malaysia by an underwater photographer and a marine biologist, made as part of the pre-trip preparation for the University of Hull undergraduate Tropical Marine Biology field trip. All photographs were taken using Canon G16 cameras. During this trip we encourage students to develop their knowledge of tropical and ecosystems by making them dive on coral reefs, twice a day in water that is 30 degrees centigrade and has visibility of up to 20 m. We put them through this ordeal for their own good in order to help them towards their European Scientific Diver Qualification. This first draft has been put together in the space of a few months and we are certain that there are spelling mistakes and mis-identifications. Any corrections should be sent to [email protected].

Fish Page 2 Coral Page 12 Anemone Page 15 Invertebrates Page 16 Other Page 19

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 1

FISH

Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Acanthuridae Carangidae Haemulidae Lethrininae Apogonidae Carcharhinidae Holocentridae Lutjaninae Balistidae Chaetodontidae Kyphosidae Muglidae Belonidae Dasyatidae Labridae Mullidae Blenniidae Ephippidae Muraeninae Caesionidae Gobiesocinae Gobiidae

Page 7 Page 8 Page 10 Page 11 Naucratinae Pomacanthidae Scorpoaeindae Sphyraenidae Nemipteridae Pomacentridae Serranidae Syngnathinae Ostracidae Siganidae Synodontidae Pempheridae Page 9 Tetraodontidae Pinguipedidae Scaridae Zanclidae Platycephalidae

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 2

Acanthuridae Apogonidae Apogonidae Naso Lituratus Cheilodipterus alleni Apogon aureus Orangespine Surgeonfish Ring-tailed Cardinalfish

Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogon Compressus - (Juvenile) Archamia furcata Archamia goni Split Banded Cardinalfish Orangelined Cardinalfish

Balistidae Balistidae Belonidae Balistoides viridescens flavimarginatus Tylosurus crocodilus Titan Yellowmargin triggerfish s Hound needlefish

Blenniidae Blenniidae Caesionidae Meiacanthus grammistes Ecsenius bicolor Caesio cuning Striped poison-fang blenny Bicolor Blenny Redbelly yellowtail fusilier

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 3

Caesionidae Carangidae Carangidae Pterocaesio chrysozona Carangoides bajad Gnathanodon speciosus Blue and gold fusilier Orange spotted trevally Golden trevally

Carcharhinidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Carcharhinus melanopterus Blacktip Chaetodon octofasciatus Chelmon rostratus reef shark Eight banded butterflyfish

Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Dasyatidae Coradion chrysozonus Heniochus acuminatus Taeniura lymma Orange banded coralfish Longfin bannerfish Blue spotted ribbontail ray

Ephippidae Gobiesocinae Gobiidae Platax teira Diademichthys lineatus Cryptocentrus cinctus Longfin spadefish Long-snout clingfish

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 4

Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae Cryptocentrus sp. Amblygobius Cryptocentrus caeruleomaculatus

Gobiinae Haemulidae Holocentridae Ctenogobiops aurocingulus Plectorhinchus pictus Myripristis sp Gold-streaked shrimpgoby Trout sweetlips Soldierfish

Holocentridae Kyphosidae Labridae Sargocentron rubrum Kyphosus cinerascens Halichoeres Redcoat Blue sea chub

Labridae Labridae Labridae Cheilinus fasciatus Diptoctacanthus xanthurus Hemigymnus melapterus Red breasted wrasse Blackeye thicklip wrasse

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 5

Labridae Labridae Labridae Labroides dimidiatus Stethojulis trilineata Thalassoma lunare Bluestreak cleaner wrasse Three-lined rainbowfish Moon Wrasse

Lethrinidae Lethrininae Lutjaninae Lethrinus erythropterus Lethrinus atkinsoni Lutjanus ehrenbergii Yellow tail emperor Blackspot snapper s

Lutjaninae Lutjaninae Muglidae Lutjanus lutjanus Lutjanus vitta Valamugil seheli Big eye snapper Brown stripe snapper Bluespot mullet

Mullidae Muraeninae Muraeninae Upeneus tragula Gymnothorax herrei Siderea thysoidea Freckled goatfish Palechin moray White eyed moray

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 6

Naucratinae Nemipteridae Nemipteridae Elagatis bipinnulatus Pentapodus caninus Scolopsis affinis Rainbow runner juvenile? Small toothed whiptail Peter’s monocle bream

Nemipteridae Nemipteridae Nemipteridae Scolopsis ciliatus Scolopsis margaritifera Scolopsis monogramma Whitestreak monocle bream Pearly monocle bream Monogrammed monocle bream

Nemipteridae Ostraciidae Ostracidae Scolopsis vosmeri Ostracion sp. Rhynostraciaon nasus Whitecheek monocle bream Boxfish

Pempheridae Pinguipedidae Platycephalidae Pempheris oualensis Parapercis clathrata Cymbacephalus beuforti Copper Sweeper s Latticed sand perch female s Crocodile flathead s

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 7

Pomacanthidae Pomacanthidae Pomacanthidae Pomacanthus sexstriatus Caetodontoplus mesoleucus Pomacanthus annularis Six banded angelfish s Vermiculated angelfish Blue ringed angelfish s

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Dischistodus perspicilliatus Abudefduf bengalensis Abudefduf sexfasciatus White damsel Bengal sergeant Scissortail sergeant

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Abudefduf viagiensis Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster Sergeant major Yellowbelly damsel Yellowbelly Damselfish

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Amblygphidodon aureus Amphiprion clarkii Amphiprion ocellaris Golden Damsel Clarke’s Anemonefish False Clown Fish

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 8

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Amphiprion peridarion Amphiprion polymnus Dascyllus flavicaudus

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Dischistodus chrysopoecilus Hemiglyphidodon plagiometopon Neoglyphidodon nigroris (adult) Lagoon damselfish Black-and-gold chromis

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Neoglyphidodon nigroris (juv) Pomacentrus alexanderae Pomacentrus moluccensis Black-and-gold chromis Alexander's damsel Lemon Damselfish

Scaridae Scaridae Scaridae Bolbometopon muricatum Scarus ghobban Scarus oviceps Bumphead Parrotfish Blue barred parrotfish Dark capped parrotfish

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 9

Scaridae Scorpaeniformes Scorpaeniformes Scarus tricolor Inimicus didactylus Inimicus didactylus Tricolour parrotfish Spiny devilfish Spiny devilfish

Scorpaenidae Scorpaeninae Scorpaeninae Pterois volitans Parascorpaena picta Scorpaenopsis venosa Red lionfish Painted scorpionfish Raggy Scorpionfish

Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae Epinephelus fasciatus Cephalopholis formosa Ephinephelus merra Blacktip grouper Bluelined grouper Honeycomb grouper

Siganidae Siganidae Siganidae Siganus virgatus Siganus javus Siganus corralinus Barhead spinefoot Streaked spinefoot Blue spotted spinefoot

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 10

Sigianidae Sphyraenidae Syngnathinae Siganus guttatus Sphyraena flavicauda Corythoichthys amplexus Goldenline spinefoot Yellowtail barracuda Brown banded pipefish

Synodontidae Tetradontidae Tetraodontidae Synodus variegatus Arothron stellatus Arothron mappa Reef lizardfish Stellate puffer Map puffer

Tetraodontiformes Zanclidae Chilomycterus reticulates Diodon holocanthus Zanclus cornutus Spotfin burrfish Longspined porcupinefish Moorish Idol

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 11

Coral

Acroporidae Acroporidae Acroporidae Acropora danai Acropora formosa Acropora hyacinthus

Acroporidae Acroporidae Agariciidae Montipora delicatula Montipora turgescens Pavona cactus

Acroporidae Acroporiidae Agaricidae Acropora hyacinthus Acropora hoeksemai Pavona frondifera

Agariciidae Agariciidae Dendrophylliidae Leptoderis Pachyseris speciosa Turbinaria peltata

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 12

Faviidae Faviidae Faviidae Echinopora horrida Favia favus Favia maritima

Faviidae Faviidae Faviidae Favia speciosa Favia vietnamensis Goniastrea retiformis

Fungiidae Fungiidae Fungiidae Herpolitha limax Polyphyllia talpina Ctenactis crassa

Fungiidae Fungiidae Merulinidae Cycloseris cyclolites Fungia fralinae Hydnophora microconus

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 13

Merulinidae Milleporidae Oculinidae Hydnophora exesa Millepora platyphyllia Galaxea fascicularis

Pocilloporidae Pocilloporidae Poritidae Pocillopora damicornis Pocillopora danae Goniopora columna

Poritidae Poritidae Poritidae Goniopora columna Goniopora lobata Porites mayeri

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 14

Other Cnidarians

Alcyoniidae Alcyoniidae Alcyoniidae Sarcophyton trocheliophorum Sinularia gibberosa Sarcophyton trocheliophorum

Stichodactylidae Stichodactylidae Stichodactylidae Heteractic magnufuca Heteractic magnifica Stichodactyla mertensii

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 15

Invertebrates

Decapoda Decapoda Decapoda Alpheus djibutensis Alpheus Dasycaris zanzibarica

Decapoda Decapoda Decapoda Rhyncocinetes Periclimenes Periclimenes

Mollusca Mollusca Jorunna funebris varicosa Pteraeolidia ianthina

Asteroidea Asteroidea Asteroidea Acanthaster planci Culcita novaeguinea Linkia multiflora

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 16

Cerianthidae Echinodermata Ellisellidae Cerianthus filiformis Crinoidea Ctenocella pectinata

Echinodermata Echinodermata Echinodermata Diadema Echinocardium Maretia

Holothiria Holothuroidea Holothuroidea Holothuria edulis Holothuria atra graeffi

Holothuroidea Holothuroidea Holothuroidea Stichopus chloronotus Stichopus variegatus Stichopus vastus

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 17

Holothuroidea Porifera Porifera Thelenota anax Amphimedon Biemna

Porifera Porifera Porifera Ircinua Oceanapia sagittaria Sigmadocia ambionensis

Porifera Porifera Bivalvia Xestospongia exigua Xestospongia muta Ostreidae Lopha

Bivalvia Mollusca Mollusca Tridacna squamosa Cypraea arabica Cypraea arabica

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 18

Mollusca Mollusca Mollusca Cyprea tigris Cyprea tigris Lambis lambis

Mollusca Annelida Annelida Pedum spondyloideum Polycheata Sabellastarte Sabellidae giganteus

Annelida Ascidian Ascidian Sabellidae indica Botryllus schlosseri Didemmum molle

Crustacea Chelonidae Chelonidae Cirrepedia Eretmochelys imbricate Chelonia mydas Hawksbill turtle Green turtle

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 19

The Authors

Will Brown is a PADI instructor, underwater photographer, videographer and fixer. He has spent many years travelling the world and has worked in a variety of fields, including managing humanitarian projects in Haiti, building dive shops and teaching diving. Currently he is running Sci-Dive, a scientific dive company specialising in running university dive research and training trips.

Magnus Johnson is a PADI instructor and senior lecturer in the School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences at the University of Hull, England. He has worked all over the world as a scientific diver and general marine researcher. He has been leading undergraduates on field trips to various destinations every year since 2000. For many it is a once in a lifetime experience that galvanises their desire to try and protect the planet. http://www.marine-biology.org.uk or http://www.hull.ac.uk

Twitter: @marine_bio_hull

Anti Gravity Divers are (we think) the best dive shop on Perhentian. They have a focus on offering an excellent service to all of their customers. As well as running PADI Open Water, Advanced Open Water, Rescue Diver and Divemaster Training, they are an Instructor Development Centre with many years of experience. http://www.scubadivingperhentian.com/

Twitter @antgravlanta

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 20