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Of the National Park Service

Of the National Park Service

100 YEARS OF THE

A publication of The Livingston Enterprise Page 2 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016

1079 Page 3 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 John Prine, to perform at Centennial concert under the Arch

By Enterprise Staff ery,” “Sam Stone,” “Paradise,” and “Hello in There” speak to the everyday he signature National experience of ordinary people with a simple honesty, and an extraordinary Park Service celebration ability to get right through to the heart at Gardiner’s Roosevelt of the listener. T Long considered a “songwriter’s Arch will be a star-filled night songwriter,” Prine is a rare talent in every sense of the word. whose writing is greatly admired by his peers. Performers who have On Thursday, Aug. 25, “An Evening recorded from his extensive catalog at the Arch,” will commemorate the include , , the government agency that oversees the Everly Brothers, , Kris most-loved of America’s public lands. Kristofferson, Carly Simon, Ben Harp- With musicians, dancers and national er, Joan Baez, George Strait, Old Crow dignitaries slated to attend, the music Medicine Show, Norah Jones, Bette will be headlined by icons of American Midler, and many music John Prine and Emmylou Harris. others. Local music promoters Joanne Gard- With his career spanning more than ner and John Lowell are producing the 40 years, Prine continues to perform at musical portion of the event. They sold-out shows all over the United worked with their friend Rodney Crow- States, Canada, and Europe. ell, a Grammy-winning Nashville musi- Among the many awards and acco- cian, to brainstorm a “wish list” of pos- lades he has received in recent times sible performers, Gardner, who is a include his 2003 induction into the former video producer, said. Nashville “Emmylou was pretty obvious — she and an Americana Lifetime Achieve- is a friend and loves Big Sky Country,” ment Award for songwriting. He was Gardner said. “I called John Prine’s also honored at the Library of Con- wife, Fiona, and she said yes immedi- gress by U.S. Poet Laureate Ted Koos- ately — John loves the national parks er. Prine has become for many, not just and at one point was planning on bring- a well-loved and appreciated songwrit- ing his own camper out here for a er, but a bonafide American treasure. while.” Prine lives in Nashville, Tennessee The event’s steering committee in with his wife, Fiona, and enjoys spend- Gardiner was happy with these choic- ing time with their three sons, daugh- es, Gardner said. ter-in-law and grandson. Gardner commented on the other musicians who will be featured at the Emmylou Harris centennial event. Not many musicians are as recogniz- “We thought of Leyla McCalla, able merely by their first names as because Rodney loves her Carolina Emmylou Harris. Chocolate Drops Band. And then A 13-time Grammy winner and Bill- (Crowell) started assembling his stellar board Century Award recipient, Har- house band. We added Bozeman’s ris’ contribution as a singer and song- Angella Ahn and realized we were shy writer spans 40 years, according to a a gospel singer, and added Dorothy Yellowstone National Park news Morrison, the legendary vocalist on ‘Oh release. Photo by Jim Shea Happy Day.’ She and her nephew Kyle She has recorded more than 25 Legendary singer-songwriter John Prine, shown in this recent publicity pho- Gattison will join the fun and add some albums and has lent her talents to to, is one of the headliners at “An Evening at the Arch,” Aug. 25 in Gardiner. gospel flavor,” Gardner recalled. countless fellow artists’ recordings. In And Gardner helped find a master of recognition of her remarkable career, friend Emmylou Harris won two Gram- ceremonies and other presenters. Harris was inducted into the Country mys and two Americana awards. He “I called Bill Pullman, because he’s Music Hall of Fame in 2008. Acting as music director for this served as music director for the Trib- played the president and been in so Harris is known as much for her elo- event as well as performing, Grammy ute to the Everly Brothers at the Rock many film projects, I thought he would quently straightforward songwriting as award winner Rodney Crowell has long and Roll Hall of Fame, and also the be the perfect emcee. We have a bril- for her incomparably expressive sing- been known as a poet among songwrit- recently released “I Saw The Light” liant Teddy Roosevelt reenactor named ing. Admired through her career for ers, the park news release said. biopic on the life of , the Joe Wiegand,” she said. her talent as an artist and song connois- Crowell embarked on his solo career release said. Here’s a look at the Aug. 25 lineup: seur, Harris shook up country radio in with the 1988 release, “Diamonds and the 1970s, and established herself as Dirt,” which charted an unprecedented Master of Ceremonies, John Prine the premiere songwriter of a genera- five No. 1 singles. He produced actor Bill Pullman Two time Grammy-award winner, tion, selling more than 15 million , Chely Wright, Shannon Bill Pullman started acting profes- John Prine, is a singer-songwriter who, records and garnering 13 Grammy McNally and many more. sionally in New York Theater in 1983, from his LP release in 1971, titled Awards, three Country Music Associa- His songs have been recorded by and shortly after began his film career “John Prine,” has continued to write tion Awards, and two Americana Emmylou Harris, Norah Jones, Lucin- that currently spans over 70 features and perform songs that have become Awards. da Williams, Waylon Jennings, Willie and several television series, including central to our American musical heri- Coming out in September is her col- Nelson, , Rosanne “Ruthless People,” “Spaceballs,” “The tage, his official biography on www. laboration with and Linda Cash, Keith Urban, Van Morrison and johnprine.com states. Ronstadt, “The Complete Trio Collec- Tim McGraw, among many others. Classics like, “Angel from Montgom- tion.” His recent release with longtime See CONCERT, Page 9 Page 4 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Since 1938... Dan Bailey’s Fly Shop has been Livingston’s headquarters for quality fishing equipment for 78 years.

Our business was quite small at first, but we have grown with this area to become one of the largest suppliers of fly fishing equipment in the world.

We are proud of the fact that Dan Bailey’s Fly Shop is always listed among those businesses and organizations that have worked to keep dams off the and to preserve the quality of the streams, lakes and ponds of this area.

We congratulate the National Park Service on its 100th Anniversary.

In the early days, fish on the Wall of Fame were painted right on the wall. Dan Bailey is shown ty- ing flies with some of our employees in the store’s 209 W. Park 222-1673 www.dan-bailey.com original location in the Albemarle Hotel around 1940. SAX & FRYER “Since TerriTorial 1883 DayS” 2016

Congratulations to the National Park Service on your 100th Anniversary Featuring Olivelle Products, Fine Foods, and Gifts

It’s been a pleasure and a privilege to serve the people of Park County for 133 years. NOW OPEN Mon - Fri 10am - 6pm Regional Books • Stationery • Art Supplies Sat 9am - noon

Gifts • News • Greeting Cards 406-333-2515 • 316 E. Park Street • Livingston 109 W. Callender • Livingston, www.coppermooseoilandvinegar.com (406) 222-1421 Page 5 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016

Photo courtesy of National Parks Service This image from a Frank and Jack Haynes historical postcard from the turn of the 20th century shows clusters of red-roofed buildings that still dot Mammoth in Yellowstone National Park. The buildings were originally part of . The fort housed the U.S. Army, which served as of the park for 32 years before the establishment of the National Park Service. THE BIRTH OF THE NATIONAL PARKS

By Liz Kearney for the preservation, from injury or remaining upright petrified trees near Montana Territory, at Hardin arrived Enterprise Staff Writer spoliation, of all timber, mineral Tower Junction. at and found deposits, natural curiosities, or won- Early park superintendents weren’t the place deserted, Whittlesey efore there was the National ders within said park, and their reten- paid, Whittlesey said. Some took the recounted. Park Service, there was the tion in their natural condition.” job seriously, but others didn’t. In the One of the troop’s first duties was U.S. Army. The problem, Whittlesey explained, meantime, news of the park’s misman- fighting a forest fire on , BYellowstone National Park is that squatters and poachers and agement reached Congress, thanks to not far south of Mammoth. was established by an act of Congress those interested in profiting from the a disgruntled former employee who “The fire was purposely set by Gar- in 1872. But the National Park Service new tourist destination settled around had a brother in the House of Repre- diner locals who resented the govern- wasn’t founded until 1916. So how was the Gardiner and Mammoth area sentatives. ment intrusion,” Whittlesey said. the park managed for that 44-year gap? almost immediately. They built pri- In 1886, a bill to continue the sala- Gardiner had been established as a Yellowstone, as the world’s first vate hotels without permission, ries of the park superintendent and town by late 1879 or early 1880, with national park, was something of a test cooked food in the hot springs, and assistants died, and suddenly no mon- the addition of a post office. case, Park Historian Lee Whittlesey sold “coated specimens” — everyday ey was available for the park, Whittle- “The Army wasn’t supposed to stay explained recently. There had never objects that were suspended in the hot sey said. very long, but they ended up staying been a national park, so there wasn’t a springs until they became covered in The assistant superintendents left for 32 years,” Whittlesey said. model for how to care for it. mineral deposits. their posts and “lawlessness pre- The Army established Camp Sheri- The original act stated the park had Tourists trampled the geyser basins vailed,” Whittlesey said. dan in the Mammoth Hot Springs area been established “as a pleasuring before there were established board- The Secretary of the Interior then and later built the buildings that now ground for the benefit and enjoyment walks and carried away chunks of called upon the Secretary of the Army house the Albright Visitor and Educa- of the people.” Management was geyser cones as souvenirs. They pock- for assistance. tion Center and administrative offices placed under the Secretary of the eted so much petrified wood that park On Aug. 17, 1886, Capt. Moses Har- as well as employee housing on what Interior, who was also charged with managers eventually built a spiked, ris and 50 men of Troop M, First Unit- creating the regulations to “provide wrought iron fence around a couple of ed States Cavalry from Fort Custer, See Birth of NPS, Page 25 Page 6 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Page 7 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Bigger crowds: the future of the National Park Service By Surya Milner see is a good future, it’s a For The Livingston Enterprise bright future — not that there aren’t challenges that we’re s the National Park facing servicewide,” Iobst said. Service celebrates its “At the end of the day, with the centennial on Aug. 25, decisions we make regarding Avisitors flock both numbers of visitors and the domestically and internation- seasonal fluctuations regarding ally to celebrate the milestone visitation, our primary respon- of an American institution. sibility is preservation of those But as we look back at the resources which we’re charged last century of the NPS, agency for protecting.” officials are also looking to the Yellowstone saw a dramatic future of our national parks increase in visitation in 2014, and to the ever-changing land- causing concern within man- scape of our society, and work- agement in an effort to pro- ing to envision the realities of vide quality visitor experienc- the park system — for the next es despite growing congestion, year, decade, and century. both in developed areas, such as the Old Faithful Geyser National parks: Basin, and on roadways, Iobst people pleasers? said. According to Yellowstone But it’s not just Yellowstone National Park Deputy Superin- that’s facing this issue, as tendent Steve Iobst, increased parks and historic monuments visitation is the largest prob- across the country face simi- lem gripping the park, with lar challenges. At Zion Nation- visitation in June 2016 roughly al Park in Utah, for example, 25 percent above 2014 levels. 2015 visitation reached 3.6 mil- This is a significant lion, up 41 percent since 2005. increase, especially from pre- Iobst said the trend is reflec- vious increases of only 1 to 10 tive of a national movement Enterprise photo by Hunter D’Antuono percent per year. that can be attributed to sever- Tourists from every corner of the globe crowd in for photos and “selfies” at Yellowstone “I think the future of the al influences, including the National Park’s famous Artist Point viewing area of the majestic Lower Falls of the Yellow- National Park Service and the stone on Memorial Day weekend of 2015. The National Park Service is challenged with man- system of parks that we over- See Future of NPS, Page 8 aging increasing visitation numbers at parks across the nation. 1. Blue Ridge Parkway 15,054,603 2. Golden Gate National Recreation Area 14,888,537 3. Great Smoky Mountains National Park 10,712,674 4. Lincoln Memorial 7,941,771 5. Lake Mead National Recreation Area 7,298,465 6. George Washington Memorial Parkway 7,286,463 7. Gateway National Recreation Area 6,392,565 8. Natchez Trace Parkway 5,785,812 Page 8 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 9. Viet Nam Veterans Memorial 5,597,077 Future of NPS, from Page 7 10. Grand Canyon National Park 5,520,736 NPS’s publicity push for the centennial, caution.” the Find Your Park campaign, along 10 Most Visited National Parks (2015) It’s a problem that stems from negli- with the Every Kid in a Park initiative, gence on the part of many visitors. For among others. Other factors, such as a Park Recreational Visits many, Yellowstone is a once-in-a-life- nationwide downturn in gas prices and 1. Great Smoky Mountains NP 10,712,674 time opportunity, for others a short a generally more favorable economy in window of just a few days to see it all, recent years, have created an economic 2. Grand Canyon NP 5,520,736 often resulting in a calculated risk — environment that’s conducive to family 3. Rocky Mountain NP 4,155,916 getting too close to a hot spring, vacations, according to Iobst. 4. Yosemite NP 4,150,217 obstructing traffic for a better view, “What is provided as far as the natu- 5. Yellowstone NP 4,097,710 etc. ral and cultural history of this country Iobst said it’s a trend that’s recent, — people can learn a lot about that,” he 6. Zion NP 3,648,846 and likely representative of a culture said. “It’s not just recreation. It’s an 7. Olympic NP 3,263,761 increasingly removed from the kind of indicator that people are very curious 8. Grand Teton NP 3,149,921 natural experiences that national parks about these places that we preserve.” offer. However, he notes that many vis- Consequences of overcrowding can 9. Acadia NP 2,811,184 itors are thankful to receive feedback be cause for great concern, however. 10. Glacier NP 2,366,056 on inappropriate behavior and educa- It’s an issue the NPS and Yellowstone in Source: National Park Service tion from NPS personnel regarding particular are troubleshooting each day National Park System, Recreation Visits by Year park etiquette, indicating that it’s a as thousands of visitors swarm1904 to 120,690 who has1930 grown to 3,038,935 exhibit more 1956 reck- 53,872,100that visitors 1982can use244,924,579 real-time, while 2008 problem 274,852,949 not of poor intent, but care- fabled outdoor oases. less behavior. also acknowledging the cost of upgrad- lessness. 1905 140,954 1931 3,217,674 1957 58,220,600 1983 243,619,396 2009 285,579,941 “The least studied mammal at Yel- ing existing infrastructure. But it’s lowstone is the human,” Iobst1906 said. 30,569 High-tech 1932 habits 3,551,885 1958 58,466,800unclear to many,1984 including248,785,509 Iobst, how 2010 The 281,303,769 future “We’re going to have to make1907 changes 32,935 While 1933 the NPS 3,255,684 and its various 1959 parks 62,834,000extensive such1985 a system263,441,808 should be. 2011 With 278,939,216 a plethora of assorted issues — with regards to numbers1908 of people in 42,768 and monuments1934 6,095,201utilize modern 1960 technol- 71,586,000Iobst said that1986 while281,094,850 the desire to 2012 a reported 282,765,682 $11 million backlog, an certain areas of Yellowstone and other ogy to transmit park information to the document the wildness of Yellowstone ongoing struggle to achieve greater 1909 60,899 1935 7,435,659 1961 78,933,900 1987 287,244,998 2013 273,630,895 parks in the future.” public, its social media presence is is warranted, there’s been a growing diversity within service employment Although the park has 1910yet to hit a 173,416car- minimal 1936 and used 11,749,790 primarily to1962 comple- 88,548,300trend of risky 1988 and/or282,451,441 inappropriate 2014 and 292,800,082 the push to preserve native wildlife rying capacity, a decision1911 that would 194,207 be ment 1937the park experience, 14,838,640 not 1963 replace 101,959,800behavior within 1989 the269,399,837 park, especially 2015 in populations 307,247,252 among them — the Nation- highly controversial, Iobst1912 said it’s 198,334not it. But 1938 the ever-present 16,019,483 pull of1964 social 109,190,300regard to wildlife 1990 and255,581,467 geothermal Total al 13,256,763,256Park Service certainly has a full out of the question. But first, the park media can be a double-edged sword in areas. plate. 1913 216,853 1939 15,141,032 1965 118,662,500 1991 267,840,999 must analyze current visitor trends to places like Yellowstone, where a lack of “One of our concerns is that people But Iobst is hopeful, for both his park diagnose the situation and1914 work toward 209,693 cellphone 1940 reception 16,410,148 doesn’t seem1966 to 129,282,100seem to be willing1992 to274,694,549 take risks in order and the NPS as a whole, as they what Iobst calls “a quality1915 experience.” 314,299 impede 1941 visitors’ 20,487,633 desire to snap 1967 the per- 135,414,200to get that photograph,1993 273,120,925 or to park their approach another century of service. By evaluating entry point1916 traffic, 326,506 fect photo1942 to share 8,891,495 on social media.1968 145,449,500car very inappropriately 1994 268,636,169 in the middle “It’s a system that’s challenged, but transportation preferences and general It’s another aspect of modern society of the road in order to see that bear or I’m optimistic about the future,” he 1917 453,498 1943 6,383,513 1969 159,130,500 1995 269,564,307 visitation levels, Iobst and his team that the NPS manages mindfully. Iobst whatever it is,” Iobst said. “It would be said. “It’s a great place, and most days hope to create an experience1918 to accom- 436,222 recognizes 1944 the park’s 7,723,790 responsibility 1970 to 168,135,100difficult for us1996 to be265,796,163 restrictive; howev- you really feel good about what you’re modate the modern-day park1919 visitor, 781,178 provide 1945 a source 10,855,548 of information 1971 online 151,265,400er, we can help1997 with275,236,335 that message of doing. It is wonderland.” 1920 1,022,091 1946 20,918,012 1972 163,156,569 1998 286,762,265 1921 1,101,697 1947 24,258,527 1973 166,572,300 1999 287,130,879 1922 1,136,949 1948 26,294,795 1974 168,686,500 2000 285,891,275 1923 1,364,024 1949 29,124,837 1975 188,085,700 2001 279,873,926 1924 1,527,999 1950 32,706,172 1976 215,359,800 2002 277,299,880 1925 1,900,499 1951 36,613,178 1977 209,370,600 2003 266,230,290 1926 2,162,640 1952 41,804,313 1978 221,127,705 2004 276,908,337 1927 2,465,058 1953 45,679,754 1979 205,369,795 2005 273,488,751 1928 2,703,753 1954 47,967,800 1980 220,463,211 2006 272,623,980 1929 3,010,912 1955 48,891,000 1981 238,592,669 2007 275,581,547 Page 9 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Concert, from Page 3 Accidental Tourist,” “Sleepless in Seattle” and “Inde- living in New Orleans, who sings in French, Haitian pendence Day,” the release said. Creole and English, and plays cello, tenor banjo and guitar. Dorothy Morrison Her debut album, “Vari-Colored Songs: A Tribute to Dorothy Morrison is a gospel singer, originally from Langston Hughes,” was named the 2013 Album of the Texas. She was the lead vocalist on the Grammy Year by the London Sunday Times and Songlines mag- Award-winning Hall of Fame hymn, “Oh Happy Day.” azine, and received additional raves from a number of She toured with Van Morrison, Boz Scaggs among other publications, including , many others, and she appeared on television shows Boston Globe and Offbeat, for its haunting mixture of including “The Carol Burnett Show” and “The Tonight music and message, the release said. Show Starring Johnny Carson,” according to Wikipe- dia. Angella Ahn Angella Ahn is the violinist with her twin sisters in The house band the Ahn Trio. The group began while all three studied The event’s “house band,” and Jim at the Juilliard School of Music, and now tours the Cox, came together thanks to Crowell. Jorgenson is a world, according to the park release. In 2011, Presi- Grammy-winning multi-instrumentalist and composer, dent Barack Obama invited the Ahn Trio to perform at and was named “Guitarist of the Year” three times by the White House for a state dinner honoring South the Academy of Country Music. He has appeared Korea. Ahn is a professor of violin and viola at Mon- onstage and on recordings with legends from all tana State University in Bozeman. genres of music such as Luciano Pavarotti, Willie Nel- son, Elton John, , Earl Scruggs, Bonnie The Singing Angels Raitt, Roy Orbison and The Byrds among countless The Singing Angels, founded in Cleveland in 1964, is others, the park release said. a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit dedicated to youth Photo by David McClister Jim Cox is one of the most sought-after studio musi- development through the highest level of artistic Rodney Crowell and Emmylou Harris will perform cians in Los Angeles. His performing, composing, and achievement in the performing arts, the park release in Gardiner on August 25. arranging credits include recordings with Barbra said. Streisand, Aerosmith, Boz Scaggs, Rodney Crowell, The group’s mission is to engage youth from all com- Joe Wiegand Pink, Allison Krauss, , Ringo Starr, Leon- munities in quality music and performing arts educa- Joe Wiegand began performing as Theodore Roos- ard Cohen, Elton John, Arturo Sandoval, , tion that teaches teamwork, builds confidence, and evelt in 2004. As part of a 50-state tour in honor of Burt Bacharach, Chris Botti, B.B. King, , provides a foundation for life. The chorus has per- Roosevelt’s 150th birthday, Wiegand performed at the Mark Knopfler and Emmylou Harris. He has also formed in 35 foreign countries, four times at the White White House and at the Birthplace worked on hundreds of film and television soundtracks House, and has appeared in concert with a host of National Historic Site. He has been featured on the with such composers as Henry Mancini, Randy New- stars. The choir will perform a piece created especial- History Channel, served as the model for the newest man and Jerry Goldsmith. ly for the NPS centennial called “Children’s Earth Roosevelt sculpture at the American Museum of Natu- Anthem.” The song is based on a poem by Louise Phil- ral History in New York City, and has a feature role in Leyla McCalla lips and the music was composed by Charles Eversole, Wild America, an IMAX film about the national parks Leyla McCalla is a New York-born Haitian-American the choir’s artistic director. released in 2016, the park release said.

We’re proud to have served Park County’s seniors Since 1968

In addition to offering low cost housing for people 62 and older, and to hosting the Meals on Wheels program, The Park County Senior Center offers an array of things for seniors that keep them thriving.

We help seniors stay active and socially engaged with activities such as yoga, arthritis exercise, pinochle, tai chi and Bingo.

Join us for lunch and ask about becoming a member.

Congratulations to the National Park Service on your 100th Anniversary 206 S. Main 333-2276 Page 10 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 LAKE McDONALD, GLACIER NATIONAL PARK

Enterprise photo by Hunter D’Antuono Stars streak across vast skies above the pristine Lake McDonald in Montana’s Glacier National Park in this long-exposure photograph on June 12.

The Office Lounge would like to thank the National Park Service for all they do. Please join us all of August for — • Drink Specials • Great Food ivingston • Kitchen Always Open andLady • Great Montana Gifts in the Liquor Store L • Large Variety of Montana-made Preview your next rental online at: Spirits and Beers LivingstonLandlady.com • AC • Free Wifi • Shuffle Board • Dart Board • Pool Table • 11 HDTVs with a Large Variety of Sports Packages 128 S. MAIN • LIVINGSTON • 222-7480 Page 11 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Roosevelt reenactor to present at NPS centennial By Samantha Hill Wiegand, who has been reenacting Enterprise Staff Writer Roosevelt for 10 years, said he doesn’t try to have a planned script as he visits he National Park Service Cen- areas but instead uses Roosevelt’s con- tennial is not only celebrating nections to the area or dates in history the nation’s parks but also as a jumping-off point to connect with Tsome famous characters who the people viewing the show. supported national parks over 100 He said another important aspect of years ago, his character is engaging the audience namely “the and telling them to keep the parks pre- conserva- served for future generations, which he tionist presi- said Roosevelt was really known for. dent” Teddy “TR really led the fellowship of do- Roosevelt. ers,” Wiegand said, adding that it Joe Wie- doesn’t seem like many people can say gand, better that anymore. known as the Wiegand said he was excited to be at 26th presi- the centennial not only to reenact one dent’s reen- of his icons but also because he will be actor, said he on stage with some amazing talent. His has been friends have teased him about his going across career choice, but now that he will be on the stage with John Prine and Joe Wiegand the country this year to Emmylou Harris, they should be pretty celebrate with communities doing any impressed, he laughed. kind of Park Service celebration. Other than presenting at the main “We only have one shot at a centennial centennial celebration event, “An Eve- because it is once every 100 years. We ning at the Arch,” Aug. 25 in Gardiner, better make it good,” he said. Wiegand might also, on Aug. 24, give Roosevelt, or as Wiegand calls him, presentations to groups at Mammoth in “TR,” signed into being five new the park as well as an art group in Gar- national parks and spent much time in diner — he noted Roosevelt was quite Yellowstone National Park. fond of art. Stay like a local at Little Trail Creek Cabins • Main Lodge sleeps 16+ • Off the Grid Creekside Cabin sleeps 5 • Very Clean • WIFI

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Need another copy of this Congratulations publication? to the National Park Service ? on your milestone.

Free copies are available at major retail outlets and at the Chamber of Commerce. We enjoy working with you and we look Hundreds of copies will be available in Gardiner as well. forward to serving you in the future. You can also find the publication in its entirety on the Enterprise’s website: livingstonenterprise.com 109 So. 2nd 222-0075 M-F 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Page 13 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Gardiner prepares for influx of centennial visitors By Samantha Hill through the Federal Lands Access Enterprise Staff Writer Program, which includes $1.5 million from donors to the Yellowstone Park t may be a small town, but Gar- Foundation and a more than $2 mil- diner residents tackled the big lion local match from Park County project of preparing to host and the National Park Service. Imore than 6,000 visitors as part During the first phase of the proj- of the Aug. 25 National Park Service ect, which ended earlier this year, Centennial celebration. crews filled in and fixed sections of Planning for the event began in Park Street, installed arch-themed 2011 following adoption of the Gar- signs leading to the entrance of the diner Gateway Project. Bill Berg, park, added lamps that better accen- president of the Greater Gardiner tuated the night sky and posted inter- Community Council, said he and sev- pretive signs to direct visitors around eral others identified needed infra- the area. The Gardiner Chamber of structure projects as Yellowstone Commerce also helped by building a National Park’s visitation exploded visitor’s center and restrooms near from 17,000 people a year in the early the park entrance. years to today’s 4 million visitors. Gardiner is currently in the middle “We said, OK, we are going to have of the second phase of the project, this project done by the Park Service expected to finish this fall or early Centennial,” Berg said. next spring. The second stage of the Berg said the community wanted project focused on east Park Street the celebration held in Gardiner and Main Street as well as making because of the community’s proximi- access to the Yellowstone River at ty to the first national park. Confluence Park more convenient. When President Teddy Roosevelt Photo courtesy of the Yellowstone Gateway Museum of Park County/Whithorn Collection Danny Bierschwale, Chamber of dedicated the arch in Gardiner in President Theodore Roosevelt stands on the rear platform of a train car as it Commerce representative for the 1904, 4,000 people from the Livings- pulls into the Livingston Depot on April 8, 1903. Gateway Project, said he met with ton area attended the event. Today, business owners around town in antic- Gardiner and the Park Service are will participate in the centennial the park and the area’s storm drain ipation for the Aug. 25 event. prepared for another wave of visitors. event. water system. “We basically told them that they “Even Teddy Roosevelt will be With the Gateway Project, the com- The Gardiner Gateway Project need to stock up on everything and there again,” Berg laughed, noting munity wanted to address traffic con- included nearly $15 million in infra- just prepare for crowds,” Bier- that the 26th president’s reenactor gestion, safety, a bottleneck area into structure improvements funded schwale said.

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Exceptional Service for Buyers & Sellers Page 15 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Page 16 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Page 17 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Top five national parks to visit By Jasmine Hall square miles of mountainous environ- Enterprise Staff Writer ments, 300 miles of hiking trails, as well as 150 lakes and 450 miles of he National Park Service streams. In addition, Rocky Mountain serves multitudes of visitors visitors can spot diverse wildlife in an each year, with a record-break- ecosystem ranging from wetlands to Ting number of over 300 million pine forests and alpine tundra, accord- visits in 2015 — the highest recorded ing to National Geographic’s “Top 10 visitation since the NPS began record- Most Visited National Parks.” ing visitation data in 1904. In 2015, Yosemite National Park The Park Service has numerous sites placed fourth with nearly the same and parks to see all over the United number of visits as Rocky Mountain States — each with its own unique National Park. First protected in 1864, traits — but there are some parks that the NPS states the California park is top the NPS’s “10 Most Visited National best known for its waterfalls, deep val- Parks” list. leys, grand meadows and ancient giant America’s most visited national park sequoias. Most visitors spend time in is Great Smoky Mountains National the Yosemite Valley, a mile-wide, Park, with a staggering 10.7 million 7-mile-long canyon. National Geo- visits in 2015 — close to double the sec- graphic’s “Top 10 Most Visited National ond most visited park, Grand Canyon Courtesy of National Park Service Parks” states the valley was “cut by a National Park, with 5.5 million visits. Luftee Overlook in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park is pictured from river and then widened and deepened In addition, the Great Smoky Moun- Newfound Gap Road. by glacial action.” tains National Park placed third on the A place near and dear to many Park NPS’s 2015 “10 Most Visited Places of the Appalachian Trail called Charlies one of the largest in the world, is 277 County resident’s hearts, Yellowstone the National Park System” list. Bunion — the park’s most popular des- river miles long, and as wide as 18 National Park placed fifth on the NPS Extending across the border of North tination. There is also touring the miles and as deep as 1 mile in places. list with just over 4 million visits. A Carolina and Tennessee, Great Smoky 11-mile one-way loop Cades Cove val- Visitors may spot bighorn sheep, and volcanic hot spot with colorful hot Mountains National Park is “world ley, which offers opportunities to spot can experience the backcountry and springs, mudpots and geysers, as well renowned for its diversity of plant and wildlife and features over 1,500 kinds river by obtaining permits for the full as mountains, forests and lakes, it is animal life, the beauty of its ancient of flowering plants — more than any Grand Canyon experience. Grand Can- the world’s first national park located mountains, and the quality of its rem- other North American National Park, yon National Park also placed 10th on on 2.2 million acres spanning across nants of Southern Appalachian moun- the NPS website says. NPS’s most visited places list. areas of Wyoming, Idaho and Mon- tain culture” the NPS website states. Grand Canyon National Park placed In third place is the Rocky Mountain tana. Bison, bears, sheep, moose and Things to do at the park include an second on the NPS list of most visited National Park, with 4.2 million visits in wolves are commonly spotted in the 8-mile round-trip hike to a mountain on parks. Located in Arizona, the canyon, 2015. The Colorado park features 415 park.

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Antler 70 Murphy Lane - Emigrant, MT (406) 333-4343 Pub Grill open Daily 11 a.m.-10 p.m. Happy Hour 5-7 & Grill Specializing in • Free Hot Breakfast/Guest Laundry A relaxing & friendly pub • Pizza • Burgers • Chicken • Fitness Center/Game Room atmosphere serving dinner with NOW FEATURING A FULL MENU Burgers, Sandwiches & Salads WITH DAILY SPECIALS! • Elevator/Family Rooms Montana Micro-brews on tap We also do special events: Wedding Parties, • Antler Pub & Grill on site Rehearsals, Birthdays, Reunions, Etc. Montana-made Distilled Liquors We are family-oriented! & signature drinks We do Pig Roasts several times a year on a central reservations 1-800-4-choice custom-built super-big smoker! Video Poker & Keno • 8 Poker/Slot Machines • Drink Specials • Large Outdoor Seating Area Hotel Great views overlooking Direct 406-848-7536 Yellowstone National Park Come experience the Edge! At Emigrant's blinking light on HWY 89 South, turn East (across river) for 1/2 mile Inside Comfort Inn-Gardiner, Hwy 89 ~~~ We are 22 miles South of Livingston and 29 miles North of Gardiner www.comfortinn.com/mt411 [email protected] 406-848-7536 Page 21 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Congratulations to the National Park Service on your 100th Anniversary!

For over 130 years..

Enterprise photo by Hunter D’Antuono the early residents of Park County The Yellowstone River wends its way through Gardiner in this aerial photo- graph. Finding places to stay during the National Park Service Centennial cel- ebration will be a challenge. and you have made The Livingston Enterprise Park County’s main Where in the world to source of news. stay during the National When The Livingston Enterprise began publishing in 1883, it served a very colorful community. The Bucket of Blood Park Service Centennial? Saloon kept the local police force busy. It was there where the last cowboy “shootout” in this area took place. Calamity By Samantha Hall only one room available, but that Jane also made Livingston her home for part of her both Enterprise Staff Writer may not be for long. famous and infamous life. According to local U.S. Forest Ser- eople attending National vice officials, forest areas and Park Service Centennial camping sites have seen a record Livingston has also been home to successful entrepreneurs events surrounding the Aug. number of visitors. So chances of who provided jobs and stability while they made their P25 “An Evening at the Arch” finding spots during the Centennial fortunes. Charles Garnier, Sr. established the Garnier Cigar in Gardiner are trying to figure out celebration could be challenging as where they will stay in and around well. Company in the 1880s which flourished for many years. the small town. Areas farther north in Paradise From Gardiner up U.S. Highway Valley, such as Pine Creek and At one time the cigar factory turned out 40,000 cigars a 89 to Livingston, hotel space is very Snowbank campgrounds, both had limited starting the beginning of multiple sites available, starting at month and employed 50 men. That made it second only to August. Although some places have $15. the Northern Pacific shops in the number of employees. a few spots open due to cancella- Forest Service cabins are another tions or other circumstances, others option for those wanting to enjoy are completely booked. the great outdoors without needing The Enterprise has been housed in many different locations Cody Stroder, front desk atten- to sleep on the ground. in town over 12 decades. Its permanent home is 401 South dant of Gardiner’s Yellowstone Vil- For more information on camping Main. lage Inn, said the hotel is booked up sites in the national forest, visit for the week starting Aug. 22 and http://www.reserveamerica.com and has been that way since December. search for items in the Gardiner Other places, such as the nearby area. Super 8 motel, had a few spots There are also 12 campgrounds in available — as of this writing. Yellowstone National Park, many of Even places in Livingston, 50 which are first-come, first-served. miles north of Gardiner, rooms for Other accommodation options the Centennial time slot are tight. include home rentals like VRBO, For example, the Murray Hotel had and bed and breakfasts in the area. Page 22 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Park County Days launches lots and lots of fun leading up to park centennial

By Enterprise Staff A dog dives into the Livingston City Pool after a tennis ball in the canine et ready for a solid week of long jumping contest at last year’s all kinds of events in the week Bark in the Park. before the National Park Ser- Enterprise photo by Hunter D’Antuono Gvice centennial on Aug. 25. Livingston leaders have packed a gamut of fun-filled activities for Park Philipina Laranago, who helped support County Days. These family friendly her family of 11 children owning and events celebrate Park County’s rich his- managing area businesses. The event tory of trains, its ranch heritage, galler- starts at 1 p.m. in Calvary Cemetery. ies and performing arts. Admission is $8. The events run from Saturday, Aug. 13 to Sunday, Aug. 21. Park County Sunday, Aug. 14 Days is presented by the Livingston • Ranch Heritage & Farm Day, Miles Area Chamber of Commerce and Con- Park Band Shell, 10 a.m.-3 p.m. vention and Visitors Bureau. The event is dedicated to Park Coun- Here’s the lineup, courtesy of www. ty’s rich ranching and farming heri- parkcountydays.com. tage, featuring livestock, ranchers, food vendors, live music and rides in a Saturday, Aug. 13 horse-drawn carriage. Cemetery Walk, Calvary Cemetery, • Cycle Greater Yellowstone, Boze- Old Clyde Park Road, 1 p.m. man to Livingston via Brackett Creek, 7 The Park County Historical Society a.m. and The Genealogy Society have again The Greater Yellowstone Coalition joined forces to celebrate the lives of hosts a weeklong, supported bike ride the area’s remarkable people. This dressed in period costume, of notable crete contractor, portrayed by his son through the region, with day 1 travel- year’s Cemetery Walk features the life past Livingstonians. Featured this year Ernest; Natalina Parisi, who worked for ing 68 miles from Bozeman to Liv- stories, told by current residents are Angus McLaughlin, an early con- the railroad during World War II; and ingston. The ride begins at Beall Park Page 23 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 in Bozeman. Register online at www.cyclegreatery- Wednesday, Aug. 17 tured. Tickets are $15 for adults in advance or $20 ellowstone.com. Park County Farmers Market, Miles Park, 4:30- at the door, and admission is free for children 17 7:30 p.m. and under. Monday, Aug. 15 Tickets may be purchased at the website www. Outdoor Recreation & Outfitters Day, Sleeping Thursday, Aug. 18 gotdraft.net. Giant Trade Center, 11 a.m.-5 p.m. Museum & Cultural History Day, Yellowstone Participants will have a chance to see demonstra- Gateway Museum, Cooke City Museum, and Inter- Sunday, Aug. 20 tions of outdoor activities from vendors who offer national Federation of Fly Fishers Museum, Livings- Bark in the Park, Miles Park Band Shell, 10:30 fly-fishing, dog sledding, rock hounding and paddle ton Depot Museum, 10 a.m.-6 p.m. a.m. boarding. A rafting company will hold a drawing for Museums around Park County will host special Come join Stafford Animal Shelter for its summer a whitewater rafting trip for four people. events including fly-tying demonstrations, local fundraiser “Bark in the Park” to help raise money history, and special activities and interactive for homeless pets in the community. Tuesday, Aug. 15 exhibits. The fun begins with a 5K Fun Run/Walk that Performing Arts, Storytelling & Film Day, at rounds the Yellowstone River and goes through the Shane Center, Blue Slipper Theatre and the Buck- Friday, Aug. 19 streets of historic Livingston. Friendly, vaccinated horn Theatre, 11 a.m.-8:30 p.m. Art Walk, galleries throughout Park County, noon- dogs on leashes and children under 13 are welcome The day is filled with events throughout Livings- 8 p.m. to join for free. ton, including various performing arts demonstra- Galleries in Livingston, Paradise Valley and Gar- The fun continues at 10:30 a.m. with dog contests tions at the Blue Slipper Theatre. Other events diner will be open late for the popular monthly Art in the City Pool and Miles Bandshell Park. Events include: Walk. Gallery maps are available at all the galler- include fastest dog, best pet & person costume duo, • 12:30-2 p.m., Shane Center Ballroom — Kids in ies. children’s obstacle course with their dog, speed the Park: Gateway Guardians features the Park swimming, longest dock jump and best canine County Environmental Council interactive science Saturday, Aug. 20 swimsuit. Visit www.staffordanimalshelter.org for exhibit and activities. • Food, Fun & Suds in the Park, Miles Park Band more information. • 1:30-3 p.m., Shane Center Dulcie Theatre. Shell, 11 a.m.-5 p.m. “Romeo & Juliet of the Rockies,” is a ballet film Enjoy local food, local beer, and a battle of the Thursday, Aug. 25 screening hosted by Yellowstone Ballet Company. bands. Participating vendors include: Cotton Candy National Park Service Centennial Celebration in • 4-5:30 p.m., Shane Center Dulcie Theatre. “Yel- Depot, Katabatic Brewing, Neptune’s Brewery, Livingston, Picnic in the Park, 3 p.m. lowstone Grizzly Bears in Peril,” storytelling and Murray Bar, Coffee Crossing Lemonade Stand, Liv- Bring a lawn chair or blanket to watch the NPS photography, features photographer Tom Murphy ingston Bodega & Bakery, Ambrosia Catering, Centennial events in Gardiner livestreamed on a and bear activist Doug Peacock, hosted by Park Ranch Heritage Family Booth, and Meet a Cowboy large outdoor screen. Food and beer vendors, live County Environmental Council. & Cowgirl Booth. music and information tables will precede the Gar- • 6:30 p.m., Shane Center Dulcie Theatre. The • United in Light Mane Event, Park County Fair- diner events that begin at 7 p.m. film “National Parks Adventure” will be followed grounds, 5 p.m.-10 p.m. The NPS national event at the Roosevelt Arch by a Q&A with film staff. Limited tickets are $5 and The Mane Event is the annual fundraiser for headlines music legends John Prine and Emmylou are available in advance online at http://www. United in Light, a draft horse rescue nonprofit. Harris. So if you didn’t get a ticket, watch it on the theshanecenter.org/events/national-parks-adven- Western-style food, live music, dancing, draft hors- big screen along the Yellowstone River in Livings- ture. es, fine arts, and live and silent auctions are fea- ton.

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Jane Tecca I Broker PureWest I Christie’s International Real Estate (406) 223-0453 Cell [email protected] www.PureWestProperties.com Page 24 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Agencies coordinate public safety for NPS Centennial By Jasmine Hall unique challenge due to its small size streets — anywhere they think they Enterprise Staff Writer and one road in and out of the commu- can get away with it.” nity. he National Park Service expe- “(Gardiner) doesn’t have a lot of Advice riences hundreds of thousands parking — it could easily get congest- Both Hamilton and Webster advise of visitors each year, and this ed,” Webster said. “Traffic is mostly Gardiner visitors to preplan and come Tyear the upcoming “An Eve- the biggest concern that we have.” prepared for the event. They added ning at the Arch” National Park Ser- Webster said to mitigate traffic, preplanning could help visitors and vice Centennial celebration is sure to parking will be available at the Gardin- event attendees with issues such as bring an influx of people into Gardiner er Airport, located about 2 miles out- parking, traffic and overnight accom- and Park County, driving public safety side Gardiner, and there will be free modations. officials to prepare for the Aug. 25 shuttle services to and from the event. “We want people to have a good event. In addition, Webster said there will time,” Hamilton said. “Come prepared Numerous entities, such as Yellow- be extra signage, as well as “profes- to spend the day in Gardiner and be stone National Park law enforcement sionally managed traffic at intersec- patient because it will take some time and the Park County Sheriff’s Office, tions” provided by a flagging signing to get people from point A to point B.” have been coordinating their resources company on U.S. Highway 89 and by “(Visitors) need to come prepared to keep visitors, event attendees and the airport. Webster is also in the pro- that it’s going to get dark at the end, so Gardiner residents safe. cess of reducing the speeds in the area be prepared for all these concerns that from 70 mph to around 35 mph a mile we’re talking about,” Webster added. YNP and partners’ safety preparation north and south of the airport. “… Know what your plans are after the Pete Webster, YNP chief ranger and “Hopefully (airport parking) will event — lodging is essentially now non- head of the YNP Incident Management reduce the amount of traffic in town existent.” Team, said his office has been working and not take up the limited parking To learn more about the event and closely with other agencies such as the that’s in town,” Webster said. public safety efforts, there will be a PCSO, Greater Gardiner Community Webster said. “… The rest of it is Hamilton said an increased law public meeting held at 6:30 p.m. Tues- Council, and local security companies through the funds that have been pro- enforcement presence in the Gardiner day, Aug. 16 at the Gardiner Communi- to prepare for emergencies and reduce vided through the sponsors and part- area will help mitigate potential traffic ty Center. public safety concerns. ners.” issues, both pedestrian and vehicle, and “It’s really a chance for the public, “The Park Service is really just one said the PCSO will also be looking for especially locals in the area, to ask piece of this,” Webster said. “Part of Sheriff’s Office preparation any disruptive behavior. questions,” YNP Pubic Affairs Special- the event is within the park boundaries Park County Sheriff Scott Hamilton “In-town parking is always a problem ist Morgan Warthin said of the meet- and a bulk of it is outside the park.” said he is also expecting to have his full even when we don’t have an event ing, “and to get a clear picture from the Webster said he will have his usual staff of 15 law enforcement officers, going on,” Hamilton said. “So we esti- (Incident Management Team) and all staff of rangers working their normal including himself, on duty for the Aug. mate there will be people parking in the planners on what the event’s going positions in the park along with addi- 25 event. He estimates PCSO will put in people’s driveways, yards and side to look like.” tional rangers from surrounding park an estimated $2,500 of overtime to locations to aid with the influx of peo- accommodate for the celebration. ple to the Gardiner area. “Typically on a busy day like that, we “We’re bringing on additional rang- staff everybody to work,” Hamilton ers from around the park, essentially said. “So we’ll have some overtime just on overtime, and adjusting normal to make sure we have enough people to schedules to accommodate that,” he keep people safe.” said. In addition to a full staff, Hamilton is Firefighters will also be staffed for coordinating with other law enforce- the event to provide overall fire protec- ment agencies, such as park rangers tion, as well as provide park ambulanc- and Montana Highway Patrol. Hamil- es. Additional medical aid will be pro- ton has also reached out to sheriff’s vided by park partner Medcore, which offices in Sweet Grass and Gallatin provides the park’s clinic service. counties, who said they will be avail- “(Medcore) will be able to provide able to assist if a large incident initial medical services, first aid and occurred. Proud to Serve Yellowstone Park minimal diagnostics,” Webster said. “(Coordination efforts) are to make “They volunteered, sponsoring their sure we have a big enough presence for Over 80 Years and Counting. time and supplies to provide first aid there to handle, not just what’s going and an aid station within the event.” on in the event, but the impact in town Officers from a local contracted and on the highways,” Hamilton said. We're delighted security company will also complete Cross-deputizing, a common law bag checks at entrances, as well as enforcement practice, is also some- have a presence inside the event. Web- thing Hamilton and Webster will do to to join the A Montana-made ster said as many as 10 security offi- alleviate possible pubic safety issues cers will be at the entrance to the Gar- the departments may face, giving rang- community in Product. diner Roosevelt Arch celebration area. ers and deputies law enforcement Restrictions within the event’s parame- authority outside their jurisdiction. saluting the National ter fence, such as no alcohol, firearms, There will also be an additional 10 coolers, umbrellas or pets, will help rangers cross-deputized in preparation Park Service. mitigate safety concerns, Webster said. for the Arch event. “We’ll be asking folks to limit how “We do this all the time,” Webster much they bring in large part because said. “We’re constantly working with how long it might take to get through each other as our needs reach across security,” he said. our boundaries.” Available in Webster said donations made by event sponsors, entities and private Largest safety concerns partners will help cover additional Both Webster and Hamilton said the your local stores. security officer costs. biggest concerns are traffic, parking “The park as a partner, we’re cover- and other road safety issues. ing all the costs from the park side,” Webster said Gardiner poses a Page 25 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Birth of NPS, from Page 5 Check out is still known today as Officers Row. injury during the 1916 season, Whitt- The soldiers were put in the role lesey said. the Weekly similar to that of today’s law enforce- So officials decided to eliminate ment ranger. stagecoach travel completely after Specials! “The Army had to adjust its ways the 1916 season, one of the last places from war outfit to protective servic- in the to do so, Whittle- es,” Whittlesey said, “guarding the sey said. Small buses, called touring curiosities — hot springs, animals, cars, became the new mode of mass lakes and petrified trees.” transportation. Soldiers didn’t provide education or Then there was another hurdle. Two provide much in the way of informa- Montana senators, unhappy that a tion and background on the features military base — Fort Yellowstone — to the tourists. was closing in their district, success- “A few dabbled in it,” Whittlesey fully cut off funding to the new •Home-cooked said, “But interpreta- National Park Service. tion was a function of The Secretary of the Meals the stagecoach drivers.” Interior called on the 1226 Hwy 10W The soldiers’ duties Secretary of the Army weren’t clear at first — again. Livingston, MT •Latest Gaming and had to be figured The military, which out on the job, Whittle- had been gone for all of 406-222-6180 Machines sey said. By 1907 the two months, returned to Army was publishing a Yellowstone for an addi- handbook called “The tional two years while •Carrying Local Specialty •Livingston’s Little Red Book.” Whitt- the politics were lesey said he can tell worked out. Wines and Whiskey South End the soldiers carried By 1918, the National them around for refer- Park Service came to Liquor Store ence because the copies stay. on file in the archives The NPS was busy in are bent as if they’d its early years with been carried around in LEE basic services. In addi- a back pocket. WHITTLESEY tion to building roads, In its efforts to com- with help from the bat poaching, one tip in the book said Army Corps of Engineers, the new “Anyone traveling in Yellowstone Park Service got busy building camp- from Oct. 1 to June 15 is to be regard- grounds. The brand-new motorists ed with suspicion.” Park facilities wanted to camp. The Army had back then were generally only open allowed campers or “sagebrushers,” for a short summer season from June to camp anywhere they liked, but the to Sept. 1. new park rangers wanted to consoli- Open 7 Days Over the years, national park duty date them into fixed campgrounds. started to become a strain for the Oddly, those early automobile own- a Week! Army. More national parks were cre- ers also wanted carports under which ated after the Army’s arrival in Yel- to park their vehicles. The cars were lowstone in 1886 — Yosemite in 1890, open to the elements and the motor- Mount Rainer in 1899, Crater Lake in ists wanted to protect their leather 110 Centennial Drive, 1902, Wind Cave in 1903, Mesa Verde interiors. So carports were built, in 1906 and Rocky Mountain in 1915. Whittlesey said. next to Subway, across from McDonald’s And there was another event on the The park also had to find a gasoline 406-222-9581 horizon where America’s troops concessioner to build gas stations. would be needed — World War I. The park offered the contract to Con- The National Park Service was cre- oco, which continues to sell gas with- ated by an act signed by President in the park. •Largest Flat Woodrow Wilson on Aug. 25, 1916, It took about 10 years for park offi- according to information on the NPS cials to get caught up on road building Screen TVs website. and other infrastructure before they During the summer of 1916, the could begin to think about offering park began handing over control of education, known as “park interpreta- •Best Burgers & the park to the newly formed Nation- tion,” to visitors, Whittlesey said. al Park Service. But the changeover Today, the National Park Service Pizza in Town was difficult. While trying to move oversees 412 areas covering more the Army out and the NPS in, there than 84 million acres, including Sun - Thurs was a new problem — getting the national parks, monuments, battle- roads in shape for a new mode of fields, historic sites, recreation areas, 6am-12am transportation that had recently seashores, and even the White House, become popular — the automobile. according to https://www.nps.gov/ Fri - Sat “It was a chaotic time,” Whittlesey aboutus/faqs.htm. The parks employ said. about 22,000 permanent, temporary 6am-2am Cars had been allowed in the park and seasonal employees and gets only the previous summer, he untold help from 221,000 volunteers. explained, and the combination of The Army is long gone, but traces stagecoaches drawn by horses, along of its presence remain, mostly in the 406 E. Park St. with loud automobiles smelling of gray-and-green Park Service uni- Livingston, MT gasoline and prone to backfiring, was form. Does the iconic “Smokey Bear” disastrous. Automobiles spooked the ranger hat look familiar? It’s based 406-222-8204 horses. There were several stage- on the “doughboy” hats the troops coach wrecks and at least one serious wore during World War I. Page 26 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 A LOOK BACK ON THE FIRST NATIONAL PARK

Photo courtesy of National Park Service ABOVE: Mary Crehore Bedell and her traveling companions with their automobile at Yel- lowstone National Park, 1922. Note the various park entrance fee decals on the automobile’s windshield and the AAA emblem on its grill. RIGHT: Pres- ident Theodore Roosevelt sits with his traveling companion, naturalist John Burroughs, in Yellowstone National Park in 1903. FAR RIGHT: This undated image shows young Robert Julian feeding a “tame” bear in Yellowstone. The photo’s origi- nal caption describes the friendliness of TV’s “Yogi Bear of Jellistone” series having caused concern for the safety of Yellowstone tourists around real bears. Photo courtesy of Yellowstone Gateway Museum of Park County/Whithorn Collection Photo courtesy of Yellowstone Gateway Museum of Park County/Whithorn Collection

Photo courtesy of Yellowstone Gateway Museum of Park County/Whithorn Collection People gather around the Arch for the official opening day of the Yellowstone National Park season in 1923. The opening day celebration was a tradition for many years. Page 27 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 Page 28 I NPS Centennial Edition I August 11, 2016 We’re all over this place

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