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1993

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4

No.

DECEMBER,

13,

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NEWSLETTER

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history history

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SOCIETY SOCIETY

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FOR FOR

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BEARERS BEARERS

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OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES

BURNSIDE BURNSIDE

Secretary: Secretary:

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Vice-President: Vice-President:

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Monday shearing to remove dirt and burrs prior to baling the GEORGECHARLES HAWKER ANV BUNGA.REE wool and loading on wagons bl:! Me.ding, 20.t:h SeptembeJL, 1993 Uizabuh Mil.bwr.n it bullock to sent to ships at Port Wakefield to go to Britain. James Hawk~r left the Elizabeth, who is a senior lecturer in history at the partnership in 1842 as he did not enjoy the life. University of SA, gave us a comprehensive talk about In 1843 the Hawker brothers had 20 acres of crops, George Hawker, the Hawker family, Bungaree and Clare. · 6,750 sheep, 30 head of cattle and 5 horses. They had Elizabeth's subject for a University thesis was "The constructed a reasonable house of five rooms. A series Elite of Clare in the 19th Century". of housekeepers who came with their husbands from Adelaide George Charles Hawker was born in Hampshire, England proved to be unsatisfactory. on 21st September, 1818. He was the second son and child By 1845 Bungaree resembled a small village with a large of Admiral Edward Hawker and his wife, Joanna. He had woolshed. 1845 was a good year, and the year that George many brothers and sisters. married Bessie. George came to at the age of 22. He Bessie was a good wife to George. As well as bearing married Elizabeth (Bessie) Seymour when he was 27 and many children, she was a capable organiser and able to she was 20. They had 16 children, and apart from one who work hard. She sometimes had to .cook for the whole died as the result of an accident when he was a youth, station, with some help from the Aboriginal women. She all survived to adulthood. Most of them married, and could sew for herself and the children, and her pleasant they produced 46 children between them. George died at nature and many talents enriched the life for all at the age of 76, and Bessie at the age of 75 in Britain, Bungaree. where she had retired some 5 years earlier. George Hawker was also very interested in the develop­ Before he left England Ge~rge was studying at Cambridge ment of the town of Clare. Edward Gleeson, who owned for a Master of Arts degree~ most of Clare, became a friend, although George felt that In South Australia George Hawker with brothers, James Gleeson was not of his class. George helped to estab­ and Charles, bought sheep from the Duttons. The sheep lish the first Anglican Church in Clare and the first had come overland from NSW. For some time the brothers school. Gleeson was a colourful and interesting character. moved around with their sheep before choosing a site for Whereas George had become a magistrate in 1842, Gleeson a permanent home. They chose this at Christmas time, 1841. had to wait until the late 1840s to achieve that dis~ It was adjacent to the properties of Horrocks, Robinson tinction. and Hope on the Hutt River and to good, abundant feed. After several abortive attempts to become elected to The Horrocks brothers, who had suffered financial problems, parliament George succeeded on his third attempt. 'J'.here were resentful and unfriendly towards them, but the others was much conflict in Clare between the ordinary people were civil. It was called Bungarrie (two r's), an Ab9rig­ of Clare and the elite. George did not represent the inal name. In the early years agitation against them district of Clare when he was elected in 1858, but the and their shepherds by the local Ngadjuri tribe of Aborig­ electorate of , which is the south-eastern part of ines caused much strife and loss of stock. The feeling South Australia. He was an important member of Parliament, against the squatters by the Aborigines was understandable holding many portfolios and being on the board of the Agri­ as no proper agreement between them had been worked out. cultural Society, the Jockey Club, the Adelaide Club and the Botanic Gardens. He ultimately became the Speaker of 1842 was a year of severe drought. All available labour The House. helped to get the sheep shorn, washed in the creek before

4 5 WEEKEND TRIP TO THE CLARE VALLEY 25-26 September, 1993 In 1853 the family went to Britain. One John Noble was engaged and sent out from Britain to manage the sheep at Bungaree. Bessie stayed on in England to give A day of beautiful Spring sunshine augured well on Saturday, 25 September 1993, birth to one of her children, but George returned to SA. as members and friends looked forward to the treats of "cultural tourism" in the In 1856 he bought 15 acres of land at Medindie, and built Clare Valley. a large and expensive mansion there, and called it "The Briars". (Bessie didn't ever like "The Briars" and sold After a short detour to see the restored Riverton Railway Station (built in 1874), it soon after George's death.) George continued to buy now used as an arts/crafts gallery and "Victorian-era" tearoom, our first stop was at much land around Bungaree and further afield in order to Auburn. Here we enjoyed a welcome "Morning Tea" (breakfast for some!), have a network of properties to use for agistment. Some courtesy of our thoughtful bus driver, and were joined by Geraldine Pearce, in the north of the State were salt and bluebush proper­ Secretary of the Mt. Horrocks Historical Society. Geraldine mentioned that Auburn ties. He borrowed money from many different sources to was laid out as a town in 1849/50, quickly becoming the business hub of the purchase the land. district, as bullock drays (transporting loads of copper) frequently passed through from the mines at Burra to Port Wakefield. He kept less sheep as time went on, but devoted atten­ tion to careful breeding. In 1882 he won the top prize Kay Lambert, Secretary, National Trust, Auburn, accompanied us on a bus tour for a ram at the Melbourne Show. In 1895, a few days be­ around the town. Inspection stops included the Uniting Church (1861), the Police for he was to have been knighted, Hawker died, leaving Station, (1860), the Post Office ( c.1862), and Miss Mabel's Cottage Living t305,800. In these unusual circumstances, Bessie became (originally the Mechanics Institute built in 1859). These simple, elegant buildings, Lady Hawker. She died in England in 1901. all of locally-quarried stone, reminded us that we were in St. Vincent Street, unique Between 1865 and 1875, the Hawker family lived in in this State, as all its major buildings are classified by the National Trust of South Britain where it was more comfortable and cheaper to live Australia as being worthy of preservation. on the established properties of the families - George's family in Hampshire a.nd Bessie's in Ireland. As we observed the many delightful cottages and their beautiful gardens, we echoed the words of the eighteenth-century poet Oliver Goldsmith, who when In its heyday, Bungaree played host to a number of writing in "The Deserted Village" (1770), of another Auburn in Co. Meath, Ireland, famous visitors - vice-regal parties usually stayed there exclaimed "Sweet Auburn - loveliest village of the plain". Many ofus resolved to in the early days when travelling to the north of the come back on another occasion, and explore Auburn at more leisure. This State. The Hawker sons and grandsons who have continued sentiment was to be repeated many times at different locations during our weekend. to run the porperty have endured the rising costs and re~ The brief sampling of so many historical and tourist attractions gave impetus to the duced returns of wool production, and now tourism in the desire to appreciate more fully the rich storehouse of cultural heritage which we life-blood of the property. The main house, a great had never noticed on those many occasions when we had all "passed through in the credit to G. C. Hawker, who supervised largely unskilled car". labour building the first part of it from the 1850s, still stands proudly in the grounds, but has become a mainten­ On our way to Watervale, member Geoffrey Treloar kindly distributed notes on ance liability. Francis Treloar, his first vines at Quelltaler Vineyards (1854) and his residence Janet Reid. "Prospect House " (1864). Passing the latter, we soon arrived at the former, now Eaglehawk Estate, where we inspected the museum, gallery, and attractive garden. A leisurely kilometre walk through the "central business district" of Watervale, where each building provided a richness in historical anecdotes from Geraldine,

7 6

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various various we we Editor's Note Among My Souvenirs Three members responded to David Rogers' article In Flanders Fields . . . in the September 1993 Newsletter. Elizabeth Rogers (no relation) and Irene Hall wrote Anniversaries and reunions recall memories and bring out souvenirs, and the the short pieces reproduced below. Janet Reid produced extracts from some recently International Reunion of Ex-Prisoners of War Association of Australia recently held discovered letters written by her Uncle Cecil Tassie, killed in action in 1916. A in Adelaide must have evoked much more than the gallantly earned medals. paragraph from one of his letters is included as it provides a first hand account. This discourse is appreciated and encouraged Ed How many families whose men served in France will be admiring again the lovely French post-cards with beautifully embroidered silk or voile envelopes enclosing messages of love and remembrance from their exiled soldiers. · ·

Along with these I found a little sterling silver brooch in the form of a rifle and P.S. To 'In Flanders Fields ... ' marked "Royal Engineers", sent from my father to my mother. (Newsletter, September 1993) During World War I my father was stationed with the British Admiralty in Scotland David Rogers' moving tribute "In Flanders Fields ... " in the Newsletter, September and we, his family, lived in Dunfermline. I found a souvenir of those times at the 1993, evoked memories of the unique and tragic losses caused by World War I to back of the china cupboard, a small butter dish bearing the warning- "Ca Canny our family circle. wi' the butter". It was the first time that butter had ever been rationed, and the awful goo called MARGARINE was introduced to plaster the bread, the first two At the commencement of that war, an uncle and aunt had 11 children (10 sons and syllables pronounced as the first two syllables of "Margaret". one daughter). The 10 sons joined up, the daughter (Elizabeth) remained at home with her parents. Soon the parents received the tragic news of the death of a son, I still find it difficult to soften that G in "margarine"! then another , then another ... they had 9 sons killed in that conflict ("the war to end Irene Hall all wars"). At the end of World War I, their decimated family consisted of one surviving son (Joseph) and their daughter (Elizabeth). To give 9 sons to "God, King and Country" was supposed to be a glorious thing - so glorious that the bereaved parents were relegated to obscurity by the usual figure-heads and be­ ribboned "arm chair" generals, who only sought their own aggrandisement. (How could the "lip-service" of their war "efforts" (!) compare to the incomprehensible Extract from Cecil Tassie's Letter sacrifice of 9 sons - and for what?). To revert to Mistress "Minnie Wafer" she is a horror and a perfect fright, being fired Perhaps Ernest Hei;ningway put it well when he wrote in Notes on the Next War: from the Germans heavy trench motors, a huge projectile of 160 lbs., one can see these hurling through the air, and though the size of a large plum pudding, they in They wrote in the old days that it is sweet and fitting to die for one's transit appear as a cricket ball. The explosion is terrific, and those near at the time country. But in modem war there is nothing sweet nor fitting in your if fortunate enough to escape whole skinned, usually suffer from shell shock and dying. You will die like a dog for no good reason. concussion. Last Sunday one paid an afternoon call but 100 yards from where we slept, uplifting showers of dirt and mud all over our things not under cover, and Elizabeth Rogers wrecking the back wall of the bay next ours, and blocking same, so that we, after things had quietened down, had to dig a trench some yards further back so as to reopen communication with our flank. After this several others followed, but we were on the lookout and able to work further down the trenches, out of the danger zone. 18 19 11.v.tDJtlj o fi OBITUARY TIIE ORIGINAL IIAZELWOOVPROPERTY Joseph Crompton. 1895-1993 (Written some years ago by JOSEPH CROMPTONof Heathpool. He died year in July the age of 98.) Joseph Crompton was born in Adelaide on 11th March, 1895 this at and died on 26th.July, 1993, in his 99th year. I have been asked to record how the present Park, He was son Henry Woodhouse and Kate Br~ok the eldest of part of the old Hazelwood property, came into being; also Crompton Northumberland Heathpool, and was a of Street, the location of the original house and garden. This area great grandson of Francis and Caroline Clark of Hazelwood, occupied approximately the who]e. of the land between what through his paternal grandmother, Susan Mary Crompton (nee is now Hawthorn Crescent and Olive Grove. The front gate Clark). He lived at Northumberland Street his marriage until was on Road, where an fashioned lodge was to Isabella C. L. Abernethy of Semaphore in 1921, when he Greenhill old built a house at 17 Rothbury Avenue, Heathpool, and he spent located at the head of a long drive up to the house. Ad­ the rest of his life at that address, except for a short joining the garden to the west was a large Orangery and period during the Great Depression. Vineyard, which occupied the whole of the western side of the property down to the old Tusmore House property. These During his childhood Joseph spent many hours at Hazelwood old properties are now separated by Hazelwood Avenue. playing and swimming in the pool with his brother, Launce, and Clark cousins under the watchful eye . of their great aunt, Also, an area on the western boundary was leased to Miss Emily Clark. At other times the cousins were to be a dairy man, whose cows kept the grass of all the paddocks found at Stonyfell, the home of Joseph's "Crompton" gr?nd­ under control. Between the vineyard and the house was a parents. Joseph's closest Clark cousin was Darwin Clark who, large concrete swimming pool, a very unusual feature in having survived the 1914/18 war, was lost during the 1939/45 those days, where most of the next generation, and even the war whilst serving as a Red Cross Officer when the Hospital following generation, learnt to swim. On the eastern side Ship, "Centaur" was sunk by the Japanese. of the house property, the large open paddocks ran right Joseph Crompton was educated at Mrs Hilbbe's School and up to Burnside (now Glynburn) Road. Prince Alfred College and served in Egypt and France in the Great War of 1914/18 and returned to the family business of Francis Clark bought the property in the early eight­ Wool and Skin Merchanting, Soap Making and Olive Oil Manufac,­ een fifties and the family occupied the property until 1911. ture. He served a period as the President of The Sheepskin When the unmarried eldest daughter died, the property had Export Packers' . Association of Australia and was awarded the to be sold, for the benefit of numerous beneficiaries.· The Legion of Meri~ (Commerciale) by the French Government for eldest son of Susan Mary Crompton (nee Clark), Henry Wood­ his contribution to the Australian/French Sheepskin trade. house Crompton, a Trustee of the Estate, had always been determined that, if possible, the paddocks surrounding the He was active in community affairs which included the property, · apart from the house and large garden and orch­ Presidency of the Adelaide Chamber of Commerce, the Prince ard, should become a Park, open to the public. Apart from Alfred College Old Collegians' Association, the Burnside RSL, the garden and orchards, the public had always been wel­ and the Burnside RSL Bowling Club, of which he was a found­ comed and given free access to the extensive paddocks by ation member. the Clark family. Written by Joseph Crompton's son, Alan Crompton. The area suggested for a Park amounted to thirty acres. The only way this could be done was first of all to per­ suade the South Australian Government to buy it. It seemed 20 21 pretty hopeless, as there were still many hundreds of acres of vacant land in the Eastern suburbs. Virtually the whole the second World War. What land was worth seventy years of what is now Erindale; the whole of Treacy's farm, now ago is only of historic interest, and I am sure most, if the suburb of Tusmore, nearly the whole of Linden Park and not all, of the descendants of the original beneficiaries a large part of the suburbs of lieathpool, Dulwich and Ken­ are very proud and happy that the property of their an­ sington Park were then open to the public and used n~t only cestors has become the most beautiful Hazelwood Park, for picnics, but also extensively by small cricket clubs, open to everybody for ever. and even for football and hockey. Burnside was given control of the Park by the South Not surprisingly, the Government showed little inter­ Australian Government in 1964. Burnside is the only sub­ est at first, but this was eventually overcome by the help urban council with a reasonable area of open land and and influence of leading, responsible citizens who could playing fields available to its residents. 1 There was some see its value to the public in the future. Finally, a firm sort of undertaking in the original sale to ensure that offer was made of one hundred and fifty pounds per acre for the property remains "as is", and is not to be turned into 30 acres, in 1914; fortunately before the First War start­ restricted playing fields for sporting clubs for their own ed, as that shattering event brought all deals of that sort exclusive use. to a complete standstill. The next task, even more difficult, was to persuade the very numerous beneficiaries of the Estate that such an offer should be accepted. The Trustees, of course, would not take the responsibility without the full or general (Continued from p. 12) support of all concerned. It was pointed out very strongly that a large area adjacent to the creek, (being First Creek, coming over the waterfall of Waterfull Gully, a mighty Rev Pentreath was at the school for seven years. stream in those days and subject to flooding) was unsuit­ the Second World War, Wing-Commander Colin Gordon able for subdivision. Also, land "so far out of town" After was appointed as the first headmaster who was not also an would be very difficult to sell, but the area available ordained Anglican minister. for sale would be enhanced because most of the blocks would overlook the new Park. After the talk, several members recalled amusing incidents

; that had occurred during their school days at St Peter's. These facts, and the fact that the cash was immediately Janet Reid. available, won the day. The price, 150 pounds per acre, may have been considered pretty low even then, but it has, of course, no relation whatsoever to present values. Even with the attraction of the Park, it took many years to sell the available land for as little as two or three hun­ dred pounds for large blocks.

None of the original beneficiaries lived to see the amazing rise in values that has occurred, mostly since

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