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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 063 471 VT 015 386 TITLE Career Education in the Environment. A Handbook. INSTITUTION Olympus Research Corp., Washington, D.C. SPONS AGENCY Off ice of Education (DHEW) Washington, D.C. Di v. of Vocational and Technical Education. GRANT OEG-0-71-4462 (357) NOTE 394p. AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402(Catalog No. HE 5.6/2:EN 8/2, $3.00) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 BC-413.16 DESCRIPTORS Administrator Guides; Annotated Bibliograpnies; Audiovisual Aids; Behavioral Objectives; *Caree.r Education; Career Planning; *Curriculum Guides; Employment Opportunities; *Environmental Education; Environmental Research; Instructional Aids; Lesson Plans; *Manuals; *Natural Resources; Occupational Guidance; Reference Materials; Resource Guides; Secondary Grades; Supplementary Textbooks; Teaching Guides; Teaching Procedures; Vocational Education ABSTRACT This handbook designed for secondary school use in exploring environmental problems and solutions and providing information on existent and emerging career opportunities, will be useful to school administrators, curriculum planners, instructors, counselors, librarians, and students. Developed bya 10-member project group, the handbook is in three parts:(1) Career Education and the Environment--an overview which sketches the extent of, reasons, and solutions for our present environmental degradation, (2) Environmental Careers--a comprehensive report divided into categories of science and research, technology and education, technology implementation, and equipment operation, and (3)two environmental education curriculums--a 15-day self-contained curriculum uniton environmental awareness and pollution tested in the Salt Lake School District, complete with an outline, lesson plans, student readings, and an exam, and a semester length course which focuseson the physical world, natural resources, and social problems with environmental overtones. An annotated 61-page biblicgraphy supplements these curriculums, and is divided into eight categories f or easier use as a selective guide for all schools wishing to start or upgrade their holdings in environmental literature. (CD) \IT 0 Li; 3S it ED 063471 U.O. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO- DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM Career THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIG- INATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPIN- IONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDU- Educotion CATION POSITION OR POLICY In tne Environment A HANDBOOK Produced for The United States Office of Education Division of Vocational and Technical Education Pursuant to Contract OEG-0-71-4462 (357) For Use in The Regional Commissioners Conferences On Career Education in the Environment by OLYMPUS RESEARCH CORPORATION 818 18th Street, N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. 20006 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents,U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, D.C. 20402 ii DISCRIMINATION PROHIBITED-- Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 states: "No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination underany program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." There- fore, the Vocational and Technical Educationprogram, like all other programs or activities re zeiving financial assistance from the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, must be operated in compliance with this law. The project presented or reported hereinwas performed pursuant to a Grant from the U.S. Office of Education, Department of Health, Education, andWelfare. However, the opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect theposition of policy of the U.S. Office of Education, andno official endorsement by the U. S. Office of Education should be inferred. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface toHandbook Chapter 1:CAREER EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT Chapter 2:ENVIRONMENTAL CAREERS Organization and Selection for Environmental Careers 2-1 Outlook for Environmental Careers 2-7 Job Selection Criteria 2-23 Careers in Environmental Science and Research 2-26 Careers in Environmental Education and Technology 2-52 Careers in Environmental Technology and Implementation .2-87 Careers in Environmental Application and Operation 2-103 Appendices 2-115 Chapter 3:ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATIONCURRICULUM A 15-Day Unit 3-1 A Semester Course 3-126 Appendices 3.156 Chapter 4:BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION General 4-1 Population and Society 4-16 Natural Resources 4-25 Health and Physical Activity 4-37 Multimedia Materials 4-41 Additional Sources of Environmental Education 447 Federal Agencies and Statutes 4-55 iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following persons have been responsible for creating this handbook on "Career Education in the En- vironment:" Research and Writing - Garn C. Coombs, Virginia P. Kelson, Garth L. IVT-ngum, Willis J. Nordland, Jack R. Oakie, Pierre F. Rubsam, Jr., and Carlos Whiting; Editing - Sybil H. Clays and G. Don Gale; Project Direc- tion - Kenneth C. Olson. 5 1 PREFACE This handbook is designed to be used in secondary schools to explore environ- mental problems and solutions and to provide information on existing and emerging career opportunities in this field.It is directed toward and intended to be used by school administrators, curriculum planners, life sciences and social sciences instructors, vocational counselors, librarians, and students.This handbook is divided into four distinct chapters: (1) Career Education and the Environment. This chapter of the handbook sketches the nature and extent of environmental degradation; provides a view of the social, technical, and cultural reasons for this worldwide condition; and projects some specific and general solutions. The last points toward growing career opportunities in natural resource manage- ment, environmental planning, pollution control, and environmental health, and suggests some basic attitude changes necessary in our political, cultural, and economic habits. (2) Environmental Careers. This chapter is a comprehensive report on the career possthilities in environmental occupations, ce nter ed around listings under the categories, Science and Research, Technology and Education, Technology Implementation, and Equipment Operation. Details include job descriptions of all occupations in this field; an analysis of the training or certification necessary to fill these occupations; a summary of the conditions, aptitude, earnings potential, and places of employment for each occupation; statistics and forecasts concerning the numbers, need, and type of positions; and finally, a listing of additional sources of information. (3) Environmental Education Curriculum. This chapter contains two courses of environmental education.One is a three-week, self-contained unit focusing on environmental awareness and pollution.Complete lesson plans, a teacher's manual, and student readings are provided. The other is a semester-length course which provides breadth and depth to the study of the physical world, of natural resources, and of contemporary social problems having environmental overtones. (4) Ethnography. This chapter includes annotated selections on both general and specialized environmental topics which are of particular interest to high school students and teachers. Chapter 1 CAREER EDUCATION ANDTHE ENVIRONMENT CAREER EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT Man, particularly Western man, has always been callous in his treatment of the environment. As long as people were relatively few arid scattered and technology was simple, the detrimental consequences of his actions were slight. All of a sudden, during the last few years, events have reached a critical point, and environmental pollution has been forced into the consciousness of all but the most unperceptive. Smoke and smog, unsightly and poisoned streams, dying lakes, polluted oceans, ear-splitting noise, excessive use of pesticides, the threat of radiation--all of these threaten health and life itself.Deteriorating towns and cities, litter, the multiplying avalance of garbage and solid wastes, roadside lots filled with dead cars, traffic jams, crowds and congestion--these are not direct threats to life, but they certainly damage the quality of life. As a consequence of long-term deterioration being suddenly brought to our consciousness, a few forecast the self-abolition of man. A more appropriate note was struck by President Nixon as he transmitted to Congress the first annual report of the Council of Environmental Quality: Our environmental problems are very serious, indeed urgent, but they do not justify either panic or hysteria. The problems are highly complex, and their resolution will require rational systematic approaches, hard work, and patience. There must be a national commitment and a rational commitment. The environmental threats are indeed critical.But they were created by man and can be controlled and resolved by man. The pertinent questions are: (1) What has caused them? (2) What are the potential remedies? 1-2 (3) Who will apply them? This handbook has two goals: (1) to bring to the high school classrooman awareness of the threat of environmental deterioration to the quality and actuality of our lives, and (2) to identify the useful and rewarding careers which will significantly contribute to the fight against environmental problems. WHY THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS? Environmental pollution has reached a critical stageas a result of complex circumstances, but