دار الباشا - متحف الروافد Dar El Bacha Musée Des Confluences - Museum of Confluences

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دار الباشا - متحف الروافد Dar El Bacha Musée Des Confluences - Museum of Confluences LIEUX SAINTS PARTAGÉS Au croisement des trois religions monothéistes SHARED SACRED SITES At the crossroads nicaud / Le Pictorium nicaud / Le é of the three monotheistic religions Cierges, tombe de Marie à Jérusalem, 2015 © Manoël P de Marie à Jérusalem, 2015 tombe Cierges, 18.12.2017 19.03.2018 دار الباشا - متحف الروافد DAR EL BACHA MUSÉE DES CONFLUENCES - MUSEUM OF CONFLUENCES Une exposition de la Fondation Nationale des Musées et du Mucem, Marseille An exhibition by the National Foundation of Museums and Mucem, Marseille اململكة املغربية دولة إسﻻمية ذات سيادة كاملة، متشبثة بوحدتها الوطنية والترابية وبصيانة تﻻحم وتنوع مقومات هويتها الوطنية، املوحدة بانصهار كل مكوناتها، العربية اﻹسﻻمية، واﻷمازيغية، والصحراوية احلسانية، والغنية بروافدها اﻹفريقية واﻷندلسية والعبرية واملتوسطية. كما أن الهوية املغربية تتميز بتبوإ الدين اﻹسﻻمي مكانة الصدارة فيها،وذلك في ظل تشبت الشعب املغربي بقيم اﻹنفتاح واﻹعتدال والتسامح واحلوار، والتفاهم املتبادل بني الثقافات واحلضارات اﻹنسانية جمعاء. مقتطف من ديباجية دستور اململكة املغربية Etat musulman souverain, attaché à son unité nationale et à son intégrité territoriale, le Royaume du Maroc entend préserver, dans sa plénitude et sa diversité, son identité natio- nale une et indivisible. Son unité, forgée par la convergence de ses composantes arabo-is- lamique, amazighe et saharo-hassanie, s’est nourrie et enrichie de ses affluents africain, andalou, hébraïque et méditerranéen. La prééminence accordée à la religion musulmane dans ce référentiel national va de pair avec l’attachement du peuple marocain aux valeurs d’ouverture, de modération, de tolé- rance et de dialogue pour la compréhension mutuelle entre toutes les cultures et les civi- lisations du monde. Préambule de la Constitution du Royaume du Maroc صاحب الجﻻلة الملك محمد السادس Sa Majesté Le Roi Mohammed VI His Majesty The King Mohammed VI دار الباشا - متحف الروافد Dar El Bacha - Musée des Confluences Dar El Bacha - Museum of Confluences تعتبر دار الباشا واحدة من مساكن التهامي الكﻻوي على ذلك واجهات اﻷبواب والنوافذ اخلشبية املطلة )1878-1956(، باشا مراكش ما بني 1907 و 1956،حيث على الرياض املقتبسة من أوربا وخاصة إيطاليا، بنيت خﻻل العقد الثاني من العشرين، و تقع في والتدفئة املركزية التي جندها في غرف اجلناح اخلاص وسط املدينة القدمية مبراكش. باحلرمي. دار الباشا هي املثال النموذجي للرياض بحديقته تتميز زخرفة البناية برقة وانسجام نادرين: حيث يدل املستطيلة التي حتيط بجهاتها اﻷربع ست غرف الزليج واﻷسقف اخلشبية املنقوشة على غنى ودقة في تصميم دقيق، كما يتكون املبنى من مجموعة النمط الزخرفي املغربي، كما يظهر نظام التزويد من امللحقات: احلمام التقليدي؛ الدويرية، وهو مكان باملياه وصرفها ونظام التسخني في احلمام التقليدي خاص بخدم القصر؛ املكتبة؛ و كذا فضاء خاص بحرمي براعة وحنكة احلرفي املغربي. الباشا. مند أصبحت دار الباشا حتت تصرف املؤسسة من ناحية أخرى، جتمع دار الباشا بني براعة الصانع الوطنية للمتاحف في يوليوز 2015، مت حتويلها الى التقليدي املغربي من جهة، و انفتاح الباشا الكﻻوي »متحف الروافد« وذلك من أجل التعريف باملوروث على طرق الديكور الغربي من جهة أخرى، و تشهد الثقافي والتراثي املادي والﻻمادي للهوية املغربية. Planté au cœur de l’ancienne Médina de Nested in the heart of the old Medina of Marrakech, Dar El Bacha est une demeure Marrakech, Dar El Bacha is a Seignorial House seigneuriale construite dans les années 1910 built in the 1910s by Thami El Glaoui (1878- par Thami El Glaoui (1878-1956), Pacha de 1956), a Pasha of Marrakech between 1907 and Marrakech entre 1907 et 1956. 1956. Le bâtiment est l’exemple type du riad compo- The building is the typical example of a riad. It sé d’un jardin de forme rectangulaire entouré consists of a rectangular garden flanked by six de six pièces en barlong sur ses quatre cotés, elongated rooms on its four sides. The plan of le plan du riad est rigoureusement symétrique the riad is rigorously symmetrical with respect par rapport aux axes des allées centrales. En to the axes of the central corridors. In addition, outre, Dar El Bacha se compose de plusieurs Dar El Bacha is composed of several outbuil- dépendances: le hammam traditionnel; la doui- dings: the traditional hammam; the douiria: a ria: espace réservé aux serviteurs du palais; la space reserved for the servants of the palace; bibliothèque; ainsi qu’un espace privé «harem» the library; as well as a private space «harem» réservé à la famille du pacha. reserved for the Pasha family. Le palais constitue toujours un archétype de The palace is still an archetype of Moroccan ar- l’architecture marocaine qui illustre à la fois le sa- chitecture that illustrates both the know-how voir-faire des artisans autochtones et le goût du of local craftsmen and the Pasha’s pronounced Pacha pour les procédés et les éléments décora- taste for processes and decorative elements tifs inspirés d’Europe, notamment d’Italie, en té- inspired by Europe, namely Italy: the doors and moigne les devantures des portes et des fenêtres windows fronts and the central heating system et le système de chauffage central encastré dans fitted in the rooms of the building’s private area les chambres de l’espace privé du bâtiment. bear witness thereto. Le décor de l’ensemble est d’une finesse et d’une The decor of the whole place is of rare finesse harmonie rares: les zelliges et les plafonds en bois and harmony: the zelliges and the carved wood sculpté témoignent de la richesse et de la délica- ceilings testify to the richness and delicacy of tesse du registre décoratif du Maroc. En outre, le the Moroccan decoration registry. In addition, système d’alimentation et d’évacuation des eaux the water supply and drainage system as well as ainsi que le système de chauffage du hammam the heating system of the hammam are striking témoignent d’ingéniosité de l’artisan marocain. evidence of the ingenuity of the Moroccan Sous tutelle de la Fondation Nationale des Musées craftsman. depuis juillet 2015, le bâtiment est désormais un Placed under the auspices of the National musée appelé «Musée des Confluences», dont Foundation of Museums since July 2015, the l’intérêt est de témoigner des apports culturels building is now a museum called «Museum of et patrimoniaux, matériels ou immatériels, qui Confluences», whose purpose is to attest to the ont forgé l’identité du pays. cultural and heritage contributions, material or immaterial, which have forged the identity of the country. مسار المعرض Parcours de l’Exposition Exhibition Route أماكن مقدسة مشتركة بين الديانات التوحيدية الثﻻث يبرزهذا املعرض املنضم من طرف املؤسسة الوطنية للمتاحف مجموعات من متحف احلضرات اﻷروبية و املتوسطية ومجموعات اثرية مغربية مع اﻻعتماد على اﻷبحاث اﻷنثروبولوجية املعاصرة لتكون شاهدة على واقع هذه املمارسات من خﻻل اﻷعمال الفنية و القطع اﻷثرية والصور الفوتوغرافية وأشرطة الفيديو. تبدأ الزيارة بغرفتني متهيديتني مخصصتني ﻷديان الكتاب ودور العبادة التي تتميز بها اﻷماكن املقدسة. حول احلديقة املركزية، كما يقدم املعرض نبذة حول املقامات املقدسة اخملصصة لﻷنبياء املشتركني، ملرمي العذراء، ثم لبعض الشخصيات املقدسة اﻷخرى. وأخيرا، خصصت مساحة في املعرض لتعكس ثراء وتنوع تاريخ املغرب. حامل قرآن، نهاية القرن ،19 املتحف الوطني للحلي، الرباط Porte Coran, fin du XIXe siècle, Musée national des bijoux Rabat Quran holder, late 19th century, National Museum of Jewellery, Rabat LIEUX SAINTS PARTAGÉS SHARED SACRED SITES Au croisement des trois religions At the crossroads of the three monothéistes monotheistic religions Cette exposition organisée par la Fondation This exhibition organized by the National nationale des musées met en avant les col- Foundation of museums highlights the lections du Mucem, ainsi que les collections Mucem collections, as well as the moroccan marocaines tout en s’appuyant sur des re- collections while relying on contemporary cherches anthropologiques contemporaines anthropological researches to bear witness pour témoigner de l’actualité de ces pratiques to the persistence of these practices through à travers œuvres d’art, objets, photographies works of art, ojects, photographs and videos. et vidéos. The walking tour starts with two introductory Le parcours de visite débute par deux salles showrooms dedicated to the religions of the introductives consacrées aux religions du Livre Book and their places of worship as distinct et à leurs lieux de culte qui se distinguent des from the Holy Places. Around the central lieux saints. Autour du jardin central, l’exposi- garden, the exhibition is conceived as a saun- tion se présente comme une déambulation au- ter around the sanctuaries dedicated to the tour de sanctuaires dédiés aux prophètes com- common prophets, the figure of Mary and to muns, à la figure de Marie, puis à certains saints some sacred characters. A last space show- personnages. Enfin, un dernier espace retrace cases the richness and diversity of the history la richesse et la diversité de l’histoire du Maroc. of Morocco. مبخرة،تونس، بعد 1817، متحف حضارات أوروبا و البحر اﻷبيض املتوسط، مارسيليا Encensoir, Tunisie, après 1817, Mucem, Marseille Incense burner, Tunisia, after 1817, Mucem, Marseilles مد نبوي، 1108 هجرية/ 1697، املتحف الوطني للحلي، الرباط Mesure d’aumône, 1108 H / 1697, Musée national des bijoux Rabat Alms measure, 1108H/1697, National Museum of Jewellery, Rabat أديان الكتاب إذا كانت العديد من الديانات تقوم على نصوص مقدسة، فالعﻻقة القائمة بني الديانات السماوية الثﻻث والكتب املؤسسة لها صارمة بشكل خاص. متثل الكتابة دورا أساسيا عند اليهود واملسيحيني واملسلمني، كما يؤكد التعبير القرآني »أهل الكتاب« الذي يسلط الضوء على استيداع الوحي اﻹلهي في الكتب املقدسة. هذه اﻷخيرة تثبت الوحي وحتافظ على ذاكرة اﻷحداث املؤسسة لكل واحدة من سﻻﻻت املؤمنني. ورهنا بقراءات ﻻ حصر لها وتفسيرات تتجدد باستمرار، ميثل كل كتاب مرجعية أساسية في تاريخ هذه اﻷديان. Les Religions Du Livre The religions of the Book Si de nombreuses religions s’inspirent d’un While many religions are inspired by a sacred texte sacré, le rapport à un livre fondateur est text, the connection to a founding text is par- particulièrement strict dans les trois religions ticularly strict in the three monotheistic re- monothéistes.
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