DOCSLIB.ORG

A Comparison of the Environmental Impact of Jersey Compared with Holstein Milk for Cheese Production1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Comparison of the Environmental Impact of Jersey Compared with Holstein Milk for Cheese Production1 J. Dairy Sci. 95 :165–176 doi:10.3168/jds.2011-4360 ® © American Dairy Science Association , 2012. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. A comparison of the environmental impact of Jersey compared with Holstein milk for cheese production1 J. L. Capper*2 and R. A. Cady† *Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164 †Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN 46140 ABSTRACT The carbon footprint was reduced by 1,662 × 103 t of CO2-equivalents per 500,000 t of cheese in Jersey cows The objective of this study was to compare the envi- compared with Holsteins. Use of recombinant bovine ronmental impact of Jersey or Holstein milk production somatotropin reduced resource use and waste output sufficient to yield 500,000 t of cheese (equivalent cheese in supplemented populations, with decreases in carbon yield) both with and without recombinant bovine so- footprint equivalent to 10.0% (Jersey) and 7.5% (Hol- matotropin use. The deterministic model used 2009 stein) compared with nonsupplemented populations. DairyMetrics (Dairy Records Management Systems, The interaction between milk nutrient density and Raleigh, NC) population data for milk yield and com- BW demonstrated by the Jersey population overcame position (Jersey: 20.9 kg/d, 4.8% fat, 3.7% protein; the reduced daily milk yield, thus reducing resource Holstein: 29.1 kg/d, 3.8% fat, 3.1% protein), age at use and environmental impact. This reduction was first calving, calving interval, and culling rate. Each achieved through 2 mechanisms: diluting population population contained lactating and dry cows, bulls, maintenance overhead through improved milk nutrient and herd replacements for which rations were formu- density and reducing maintenance overhead through a lated according to DairyPro (Agricultural Modeling reduction in productive and nonproductive body mass and Training Systems, Cornell, Ithaca, NY) at breed- within the population. appropriate body weights (BW), with mature cows Key words: Jersey , Holstein , environmental impact , weighing 454 kg (Jersey) or 680 kg (Holstein). Resource dilution of maintenance inputs included feedstuffs, water, land, fertilizers, and fossil fuels. Waste outputs included manure and green- INTRODUCTION house gas emissions. Cheese yield (kg) was calculated according to the Van Slyke equation. A yield of 500,000 The environmental sustainability of animal agricul- t of cheese required 4.94 billion kg of Holstein milk ture has recently undergone considerable scrutiny as compared with 3.99 billion kg of Jersey milk—a direct this issue comes to the fore of political, social, and consequence of differences in milk nutrient density (fat economic agendas (Food and Agriculture Organization, and protein contents) between the 2 populations. The 2006, 2010). Improving productivity demonstrably reduced daily milk yield of Jersey cows increased the reduces the environmental impact of dairy production population size required to supply sufficient milk for (Capper et al., 2008, 2009). This is achieved through the required cheese yield, but the differential in BW the “dilution of maintenance” (DOM) concept, where- between the Jersey and Holstein breeds reduced the 3 by the maintenance nutrient requirement is spread over body mass of the Jersey population by 125 × 10 t. increased units of production, reducing natural resource Consequently, the population energy requirement was use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per unit of reduced by 7,177 × 106 MJ, water use by 252 × 109 3 milk. L, and cropland use by 97.5 × 10 ha per 500,000 t of Previous research on the interaction between pro- cheese yield. Nitrogen and phosphorus excretion were ductivity and environmental impact has focused on the reduced by 17,234 and 1,492 t, respectively, through the effect of changing milk production per cow, with DOM use of Jersey milk to yield 500,000 t of Cheddar cheese. having an effect at both the individual animal and the supporting herd or population level. However, the roles of other animal performance characteristics that affect Received March 14, 2011. population maintenance overhead warrant further in- Accepted September 20, 2011. vestigation. As maintenance nutrient requirements are 1 Major funding for this work was supplied by National All-Jersey Inc., Reynoldsburg, OH. directly affected by BW and activity level, an oppor- 2 Corresponding author: [email protected] tunity to reduce total maintenance overhead through 165 166 CAPPER AND CADY changes in BW while maintaining dairy production environmental impact was assessed was the amount would be predicted to reduce the environmental impact of milk required to manufacture 500,000 t of Cheddar of milk production. Similarly, the potential environmen- cheese yielded over a 365-d period. The amount of milk tal effect of changes in performance characteristics such required for Cheddar cheese production from each pop- as age at first calving (AFC), herd life, and calving ulation was calculated from the Van Slyke equation for interval (CI) that affect the dynamics and size of the Cheddar cheese yield (Coggins, 1991): CY = (0.93MF supporting population have not yet been quantified. + 0.80P – 0.1) × 1.09/(1 – desired M/100), where Over the past 65 yr, per capita consumption of fluid CY is Cheddar cheese yield, MF is milkfat, P is milk milk has declined and cheese consumption has increased protein, and M is the desired cheese moisture content. (National Milk Producers Federation, 2009). Given Cheddar cheese yield was set at 500,000 t and cheese that over 40% of milk produced in the United States is moisture at a standard of 37% for Cheddar (Coggins, currently used for cheese production, it is appropriate 1991). The milk required for Cheddar cheese produc- to assess the environmental effects of improved pro- tion was calculated according to breed-specific milkfat ductivity not simply as a function of milk yield, but as and protein concentrations at 0.101 kg of cheese/kg the interaction between milk yield and milk nutrient of milk (Holstein) and 0.125 kg of cheese/kg of milk density (fat and protein content), which is the major (Jersey; Table 1). determinant of cheese yield. Increasing milk nutrient Breed-specific performance data were obtained from density would be predicted to reduce the quantity of the DairyMetrics database (Dairy Records Management milk required for cheese production and thus to have Systems, DRMS, Raleigh, NC; accessed November 13, a positive effect upon environmental impact, although 2009) and are summarized in Table 1. Performance this effect is yet to be quantified. data were based on breed averages from 1.88 million The US dairy herd comprises 90.1% Holstein and Holstein cows located in 12,374 herds, and 68,916 Jer- 5.3% Jersey cattle (USDA, 2007a), 2 breeds that dis- sey cows from 634 herds located throughout the United play very different performance characteristics, notably States. The Holstein population averaged 29.1 kg of a higher milk yield in the Holstein breed compared with milk daily (9,554 kg rolling herd average, RHA) with a higher milk nutrient density and a lesser BW in the milk components for milkfat and protein averaging 3.8 Jersey breed. The environmental impact of recombi- and 3.1%, respectively. Jersey cows averaged 20.9 kg of nant bovine somatotropin (rbST) has been evaluated milk daily (6,467 kg RHA) with a milkfat concentration in Holstein populations (Johnson et al., 1992; Dunlap of 4.8% and protein content of 3.7%. Holsteins had a et al., 2000; Capper et al., 2008) but the effect in small- longer average CI (14.1 mo) than Jerseys (13.7 mo) framed dairy breeds with a generally lower daily milk and a later AFC at 26.1 mo compared with 25.3 mo. yield has not yet been defined. In this study, we used a The culling rate was converted from a removal rate deterministic model to assess the environmental impact (includes culls and deaths) to an estimated herd life. of producing sufficient milk to yield 500,000 t of Ched- The annual Holstein removal rate was 34.5%, which dar cheese from either the Jersey or Holstein popu- was equivalent to an expected herd life of 2.54 lacta- lations using national data for production year 2009, tions, whereas Jersey cows had a removal rate of 30.0%, with and without rbST supplementation. corresponding to an expected herd life of 3.0 completed lactations. The average number of days dry was not MATERIALS AND METHODS directly available from the DRMS DairyMetric system, but available information indicated that it did not dif- This study used data from existing reports and da- fer significantly between the 2 breeds. Thus, average tabases and required no approval from an animal care days dry for both breeds was set to a typical US goal and use committee. Environmental impact was assessed of 60 d (USDA, 2007a). Average SCC did not differ using a deterministic model based on animal nutrition significantly between the 2 populations and was set and metabolism and founded on life cycle assessment at 250,000, the DRMS DairyMetric system-wide aver- (LCA) principles. The model was designed to compare age. Somatic cell count was used within the model as the environmental impact of milk production from 4 a proxy to calculate milk loss resulting from mastitis populations, each containing either Holstein or Jersey (Raubertas and Shook, 1982). cows, with and without rbST supplementation. Supplementation with rbST was modeled according The system boundaries extended from the production to FDA-approved guidelines (Posilac, Elanco Animal of feed and forage crops (including crop input manufac- Health, Greenfield, IN) that indicates supplementation ture) through and including milk harvest. It did not may commence any day between 57 and 70 DIM and include milk transportation, off-farm processing, pack- continuing every 14 d until the end of lactation. Supple- aging, or consumption.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • SOUTHERN ONTARIO ORCHID SOCIETY NEWS November 2015, Volume 50, Issue 10 Celebrating 50 Years SOOS
    SOUTHERN ONTARIO ORCHID SOCIETY NEWS November 2015, Volume 50, Issue 10 Celebrating 50 years SOOS Web site: www.soos.ca ; Member of the Canadian Orchid Congress; Affiliated with the American Orchid Society, the Orchid Digest and the International Phalaenopsis Alliance. Membership: Annual Dues $30 per calendar year (January 1 to December 31 ). Surcharge $15 for newsletter by postal service. Membership secretary: Liz Mc Alpine, 189 Soudan Avenue, Toronto, ON M4S 1V5, phone 416-487-7832, renew or join on line at soos.ca/members Executive: President, Laura Liebgott, 905-883-5290; Vice-President, John Spears, 416-260-0277; Secretary, Sue Loftus 905-839-8281; Treasurer, John Vermeer, 905-823-2516 Other Positions of Responsibility: Program, Mario Ferrusi; Plant Doctor, Doug Kennedy; Meeting Set up, Yvonne Schreiber; Vendor and Sales table coordinator, Diane Ryley;Library Liz Fodi; Web Master, Max Wilson; Newsletter, Peter and Inge Poot; Annual Show, Peter Poot; Refreshments, Joe O’Regan. Conservation Committee, Susan Shaw; Show table, Synea Tan . Honorary Life Members: Terry Kennedy, Doug Kennedy, Inge Poot, Peter Poot, Joe O’Regan, Diane Ryley, Wayne Hingston, Mario Ferrusi. Annual Show: February 13-14, 2016 Next Meeting Sunday, November 1 , Floral Hall of the Toronto Botanical Garden, Sales 12 noon, Cultural Snapshots by Alexsi on the stage Program at 1 pm Up to seven Round table discussion topics are planned: Large greenhouse growing and potting, Growing on the windowsill and under lights, Potting media, Growing under lights, Growing setups for apartments, Growing in a small greenhouse, and How to show your orchids. There should be time to take in five discussions.
    [Show full text]
  • Detecting and Managing Suspected Admixture and Genetic Drift in Domestic Livestock: Modern Dexter Cattle - a Case Study
    Detecting and managing suspected admixture and genetic drift in domestic livestock: modern Dexter cattle - a case study Timothy C Bray Cardiff University C a r d if f UNIVERSITY PRIFYSCOL C a e RDY|§> A dissertation submitted to Cardiff University in candidature for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy UMI Number: U585124 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U585124 Published by ProQuest LLC 2013. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Table of Contents Page Number Abstract I Declaration II Acknowledgements III Table of Contents IV Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1. introduction 2 1.1. Molecular genetics in conservation 2 1.2. Population genetic diversity 3 1.2.1. Microsatellites 3 1.2.2. Within-population variability 4 1.2.3. Population bottlenecks 5 1.2.4. Population differentiation 6 1.3. Assignment of conservation value 8 1.4. Genetic admixture 10 1.4.1. Admixture affecting conservation 12 1.5. Quantification of admixture 13 1.5.1. Different methods of determining admixture proportions 14 1.5.1.1. Gene identities 16 1.5.1.2.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Jersey for US Fund Managers' Brochure
    Jersey for US Fund Managers Commercial and Cultural Links www.jerseyfinance.je 2 | Jersey: Supporting Jobs and Growth in Africa Jersey Finance Jersey for US Fund Managers | 3 Jersey: A Gateway to European Investors The Island of Jersey is an independent, forward-thinking international finance centre, located between the UK and France. Jersey is a tried and tested, centrally located funds domicile, and a specialist centre in alternative funds. Our unique constitutional position as a Crown Dependency means that we have domestic autonomy, preserved for the last 800 years. Direct access to UK Strong and respected Cost-effective and six and EU capital regulatory framework weeks to funds set up “From our experience to date, Jersey is a great jurisdiction for the investment management industry. A fast, efficient and commercially-minded financial environment, with a strong regulator, that is going from strength to strength.” Ben Dixon, General Counsel and Director, Systematica Tried and tested UK Our finance industry has been operating for the past 60 years and we have focused on private equity and alternatives over the past 35 years. Our strong and respected regulatory framework has been internationally recognised by leading bodies, including the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund JERSEY (IMF) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). FRANCE 4 | Jersey Finance Jersey for US Fund Managers Jersey Finance Jersey for US Fund Managers | 5 A Clear Choice for US Fund Managers Jersey is a ‘third country’ from a European Union perspective. Therefore, the full scope of the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (AIFMD) need not apply.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Jerseysjerseys the Smaller, More Efficient Jersey Cow Is the Solution to the Challenges of Profitability and Sustainability Confronting Dairy Business Owners
    WhyWhy JerseysJerseys The smaller, more efficient Jersey cow is the solution to the challenges of profitability and sustainability confronting dairy business owners. A Profitable Product “With the Jersey, we have an animal that is smaller, uses fewer natural resources and produces a smaller carbon footprint. We have a cow with a longer productive life that produces a more nutrient-rich milk that consumers are demanding and are willing to pay for.” James Ahlem, past-President, National All-Jersey Inc. More than 235,000 Jersey cows are enrolled on production testing programs in the United The dairy industry has entered a new age. These are times when quality matters States. Actual yield per cow for 2012: again, when consumers are looking for a better glass of milk and more choices in quality cheeses , when dairy producers are looking for every possible efficiency, and when 17,152 lbs. milk (7,782 kg.) everyone is attending to the health of our environment and conservation of our natural 818 lbs. fat (371 kg.) resources. 624 lbs. protein (283 kg.) Jerseys are uniquely right for these times. 2,158 lbs. (979 kg.) Jerseys naturally produce the highest quality milk for human consumption. Cheddar cheese yield Compared to average milk, a glass of Jersey milk has greater nutritional value: 15% to 20% more protein, 15% to 18% more calcium, and 10% to 12% more phosphorous, and Milk Component Comparison also considerably higher levels of an essential vitamin, B12. Breed Butterfat Protein This nutrient-dense Jersey milk tastes better. The reason is there are more solids-non- (percentage) fat, protein, calcium and lactose in her milk compared to other breeds.
    [Show full text]
  • Jersey Canada
    ersey J Owners Manual Table of Contents Jersey History and Jersey Canada General History 4 Canadian Jersey History 5 World Jersey Cattle Bureau 6 Jersey Canada 7 Vision, Mission & Values 10 Jersey Canada Committees 11 Jersey Canada Staff Contacts 13 Regional / Provincial Jersey Organizations 15 Marketing and Communications 17 Registry Services How to Register Online 20 Manual Registration Forms 23 Selecting a Herd Name (Prefix) & Naming Animals 26 Proper NLID Tagging and Tattooing 27 Tattoo Identification 28 Rules of Eligibility for Registration 29 Registration 29 Rules of DNA Identification 30 Transfer and Duplicate Certificates 31 Private Breeding Records 32 Importing American Animals 32 Schedule of Fees 34 Herd Improvement Milk Recording / Dairy Herd Management 36 Benefits to Involvement in Milk Recording 39 Conformation Assessment (Classification) 40 Young Sire Sampling Program Incentives 45 Jersey Canada Programs Youth and Young Adult Programs 48 Jersey Performance Awards 50 Jersey Canada Individual Awards 54 Competitions: All Canadian & Cow of the Year 55 Management Articles from a Jersey Point of View The Jersey Advantage 58 Feeding Jerseys: Helpful Hints 62 Feeding Jersey Heifers 63 Disease Prevention 69 Jersey Shows in Canada Typical Championship and Regional Show Dates 74 Canadian Dairy Breeds Code of Ethics for Dairy Shows 75 Jersey Canada 350 Speedvale Avenue West, Unit #9 Guelph, Ontario N1H 7M7 Canada This manual has been produced with the highest integrity however, we assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Content printed in this manual is subject to change. © 2015 Jersey Canada. All rights reserved. On the Cover Rosalea Iatolas Elsie by Holly McFarlane Photography ([email protected]) 2 JERSEY OWNERS MANUAL JERSEY HISTORY & JERSEY CANADA JERSEY OWNERS MANUAL 3 General History The Jersey breed was developed on Jersey Island, one of a series of small Channel Islands in the channel between England and France, just off the coast of Normandy, France.
    [Show full text]
  • Cristancho-Pinilla, Edwin Arvey.Pdf
    A University of Sussex PhD thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details Benefitting from Biodiversity-Based Innovation Edwin Arvey Cristancho-Pinilla Doctor of Philosophy SPRU – Science and Technology Policy Research University of Sussex Submitted November 2017 ii I hereby declare that this thesis has not been and will not be, submitted in whole or in part to another University for the award of any other degree. [ORIGINAL SIGNED] Signature: ……………………………………… iii UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX Edwin Arvey Cristancho-Pinilla Doctor of Philosophy in Science and Technology Policy Benefitting from Biodiversity-Based Innovation: ABSTRACT This thesis argues for the need for a more comprehensive discussion of biodiversity use in relation to enhancing benefits of this use for biodiverse countries and promoting more equitable sharing of these benefits. The findings from this doctoral research reveal that biodiversity-based innovation is a social shaping process that has resulted in large benefits. The cumulative capability to use species from biodiversity gives meanings that contribute to the species shaping process, with organisations and institutional changes providing direction and increasing the rate of the shaping process.
    [Show full text]
  • Breeds of Dairy Cattle
    V.l 1"'/ f~ F HleH BREED FOR MY HERD" This circular * Contentj HERD DEVELOPMENT IS A PAGE describes the LONG-TIME JOB.... ........... ... 4 WHAT TO CONSIDER IN CHOOSING A BREED....... ... EARLY ANCESTRY OF MODERN history, CATTLE .... .. .. .. ........ ... ... BROWN SWISS ...................... 11 Excellent Milk Producers. .. ......... 11 Characteristics Are Well Defined.. .. 12 characteristics, . Brown Swiss in the United States. ... 14 Probably Oldest of Cattle Breeds. ... 16 Their Homeland Is an Unusual Country . ........................ 17 and special No Recent Changes in Type......... 18 Wide Distribution in Other Countries 18 H O LSTEIN-FRIESIANS .............. 19 adaptations Holstein Production Records. ....... 19 Do Best Where Feed Is Abundant... 20 Distinguishing Characteristics... ..... 20 First Pure Breed in United States. .. 22 O ne of the Oldest Breeds..... ...... 25 of our five A Nearly Ideal Homeland... ....... 25 Found in All Major Dairy Countries 27 JERSEyS ........ .. ... ..... ......... 28 major breeds Milk Is Richest in Butterfat......... 28 Smallest of Major Dairy Breeds... .. 29 Breeders Stress Family Lines........ 31 Adapted to Many .Conditions....... 31 of dairy Rapid Popularity in the United States 32 The Home of the Jersey Breed...... 34 Jerseys Are an Old Breed.......... 35 Great Improvement Has Been Made .. 36 cattle Jerseys Enjoy World-Wide Favor.... 37 GUERNSEYS ..... ................... 38 Milk Rich in Butterfat and Color.... 38 Guernsey Characteristics.... .. ... .... 39 Well-Defined Family Lines.. ....... 41 Well Adapted to Most Surroundings.. 41 Guernseys in the United States.... .. 43 Same General O rigin as Jerseys..... 44 Development as a Distinct Breed.... 46 Popular in English-Speaking Countries 47 A YRSHIRES. ............... .... 48 Ayrshires Are Uniform Producers .... 48 Distinctive Ayrshire Characteristics.. 49 Ayrshires Have Wide Adaptability. 50 Early Ayrshire Type in New England 51 Urbana, Illinois December, 1942 Present American Type Like Scottish 52 Developed in a Severe Environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Jerseysjerseys the Smaller, More Efficient Jersey Cow Is the Solution to the Challenges of Profitability and Sustainability Confronting Dairy Business Owners
    WhyWhy JerseysJerseys The smaller, more efficient Jersey cow is the solution to the challenges of profitability and sustainability confronting dairy business owners. A Profitable Product “With the Jersey, we have an animal that is smaller, uses fewer natural resources and produces a smaller carbon footprint. We have a cow with a longer productive life that produces a more nutrient-rich milk that consumers are demanding and are willing to pay for.” James Ahlem, past-President, National All-Jersey Inc. More than 320,000 Jersey cows are enrolled on production testing programs in the United The dairy industry has entered a new age. These are times when quality matters States. Actual yield per cow for 2015: again, when consumers are looking for a better glass of milk and more choices in quality cheeses, when dairy producers are looking for every possible efficiency, and when 18,040 lbs. milk (8,183 kg.) everyone is attending to the health of our environment and conservation of our natural 868 lbs. fat (394 kg.) resources. 659 lbs. protein (299 kg.) Jerseys are uniquely right for these times. 2,279 lbs. (1,034 kg.) Jerseys naturally produce the highest quality milk for human consumption. Cheddar cheese yield Compared to average milk, a glass of Jersey milk has greater nutritional value: 15% to 20% more protein, 15% to 18% more calcium, and 10% to 12% more phosphorous, and Milk Component Comparison also considerably higher levels of an essential vitamin, B12. Breed Butterfat Protein This nutrient-dense Jersey milk tastes better. The reason is there is more protein, (percentage) calcium and other non-fat solids in her milk compared to other breeds.
    [Show full text]
  • Dairy Cattle Reference
    Learning About Dairy Revised September 2015 Authors Updated from the publication Learning About Dairy NCR593. Jim Paulson University of Minnesota Extension Jim Salfer University of Minnesota Extension Sherry Newell Midwest Dairy Association Elaine Santi Minnesota Department of Agriculture Tony Seykora College of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences (CFANS), University of Minnesota Noah Litherland CFANS, University of Minnesota Marcia Endres CFANS, University of Minnesota Kevin Janni CFANS, University of Minnesota Jeff Reneau CFANS, University of Minnesota Neil Broadwater University of Minnesota Extension Chuck Schwartau University of Minnesota Extension Gretchen Rozeboom CFANS, University of Minnesota Extension Carolyn Suerth Hudson Midwest Dairy Council Lucas Salfer, Project Coordinator Meeker County 4-H Shari Schmidt, Support Staff University of Minnesota Extension 2010, revised 2015 Table of Contents Page Breed History 4 o Ayrshire 5 o Brown Swiss 6 o Guernsey 7 o Holstein 8 o Jersey 9 o Milking Shorthorn 10 o Montbeliarde 11 o Normande 12 o Red and Whites 13 o Swedish Reds 14 o Scandinavian Red Breeds 15 Dairy Cattle Genetics 16 Reproduction 21 Nutrition and Feeding 28 Herd Management and Health 35 Housing for Calves and Cows 42 Milking Management 46 The Milk Plant 53 Milk and Dairy Products 57 Dollars and Dairying 61 Cattle and Humans 70 Manure Management, Water Quality and Air Emissions 73 Proper Care of Dairy Cattle 77 Dairy Industry and Cooperative Structure 81 Careers in the Dairy Industry 84 Dairy Farm Systems Management 88 Workforce Management on the Dairy Farm 91 Parts of a Cow 94 Breed History Dairy Cattle Terms The Purebred Dairy Cattle Association (PDCA) is sponsored by the registered dairy breed associations in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Jersey Cattle Log Open Your Cutting Window
    JERSEY CATTLE LOG OPEN YOUR CUTTING WINDOW. AND YOUR LIFE. HarvXtra® with Roundup Ready® Technology gives you the flexibility to manage your operation your way, and maybe even give yourself the day o. See your alfalfa seed supplier booth for a chance to win a vacation of your choice. © 2018 Forage Genetics International, LLC. HarvXtra® is a trademark of Forage Genetics International, LLC. Roundup Ready® is a trademark of Monsanto Technology LLC, used under license by Forage Genetics International, LLC. HarvXtra® Alfalfa with Roundup Ready® Technology is subject to planting and use restrictions. Visit www.ForageGenetics.com/legal for the full legal, stewardship and trademark statements for these products. International Jersey Show 3 p.m. Tuesday, October 2 (Heifers) Dairy Cattle 7:30 a.m. Wednesday, October 3 (Cows and Groups) Exhibitor Committee World Dairy Expo's Board of Directors Chair Tom Morris, Amery, WI President Vice-Chair **Alan Deming, President, East Central/Select Sires Bryan Voegeli, Monticello, WI 1st Vice-President Overall Dairy Cattle Show Superintendent **Bill Hageman, Jr., At-Large Director Dave Bollig, Belleville, WI 2nd Vice-President Ethics Coordinator **Debbie Crave, At-Large Director Secretary/Treasurer David Jeans, DVM, Evansville, WI **Michael Hellenbrand, Purebred Breeders of World Dairy Expo Katie Agnew, Oconomowoc, WI Bill Barlass, Purebred Breeders of World Dairy Expo Angela Brown, Dodgeville, WI Cliff Becker, Farm Journal Media Justin Burdette, Mercersburg, PA Dan Belk, Foremost Farms USA John Dalton, Hartland,
    [Show full text]
  • VP Report North America
    North America Region Report, April 30, 2019 American Jersey Cattle Association The American Jersey Cattle Association celebrated 150 years of service in 2018. We were pleased to have so many of our international friends visit the U.S. for the International Conference of the World Jersey Cattle Bureau. Being able to interact with so many guests, talk about the dairy industry in their regions, and hearing from the many different speakers throughout the conference was a great experience for our Jersey breeders here in the U.S. Our past and present leadership have embraced change through the years allowing the USJersey organizations to show sustained growth in a constantly fluctuating industry. The dairy industry continues to be a rapidly changing environment, one that has fewer producers, larger herds and new technologies released daily. It has become more and more taxing for businesses and herds to remain relevant, efficient and profitable in this business. In spite of these challenges, Jersey has remained the breed that shows growth year-after-year in the United States, based on the fact she is the most resourceful cow in the industry. Jerseys are more reproductively efficient, leave a smaller carbon footprint, and produce a higher quality product that meets the needs of today’s dairy processors. Current market signals indicate a tough economic future for U.S. dairy producers. Jerseys do have the answers for U.S. breeders. Here are the USJersey organizations’ year-end totals for our programs. 132,166 ... the number of animals recorded in the American Jersey Cattle Association’s database during 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography - Jersey Cattle - Worldwide and Some Old Jersey Herds Worldwide By
    file:///Untitled Bibliography - Jersey Cattle - Worldwide and Some old Jersey herds Worldwide by Hans Nè rgaard 1 of 1 30-05-02 18:51 Bibliography - Jersey Cattle file:///D|/Marleen Felius/bibliography.htm Bibliography - Jersey Cattle - Worldwide A Contribution to "2001 THE YEAR OF THE JERSEY" By Hans N´ rgaard, Denmark, September 2001 . Channel Islands and UK Addison William. AUDLEY END. Pub. Dent & Sons, 1953, Foreword by Lord Braybrooke. William Addison's book on Audley End contains details of the Jersey herd acquired in 1811. Arkwright Bertram Henry Godfrey: Reflections of a Jersey Breeder.1948. Ashby Edward The Function of a Breed Society. WJCB 1961 Ashby E. Uniform Scale of Points. WJCB 1965 Ashby Edward Breed Society Development and Future. WJCB 1968 Attwood Frederic Vavache : The Cow Who Painted Pictures NY: Aladdin Books. (1950). Adventures of an exceptional cow from the Isle of Jersey. Balleine George R.: SOCIAL LIFE IN JERSEY IN THE EARLY SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. A LECTURE GIVEN TO THE SOCIE TE JERSIAISE BY THE REV. G. R. BALLEINE ON TUESDAY, JULY 29 1941. Jersey Evening Post, July 31, 1941. Every farm was an almost entirely self supporting institution. Things which could not be made at home, boots for example, were paid for in eggs or cider. The modern idea of farming for money was entirely unheard of. You farmed to produce what you and your family needed. The farmer kept a couple of oxen to draw his cart and plough a couple of cows for milk and butter, a fairly large flock of sheep, bred mainly for their wool and milk.
    [Show full text]