School of Physics 2010 Annual Report

50th anniversary of the laser 2 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au contents/contents/

the university of melbourne 6 the faculty of science 8 THE SCHOOL OF pHYSICS university/9 HEAD’S REPORT 10 EXECUTIVE MANAGER’S REPORT 11 SCHOOL GOVERANCE 11 STAFF 12 VISITORS 17 POSTGRADUATE students people/18 THESES COMPLETIONS 19

postgraduate physics student society (PPSS) 20 student RECOGNITION 21 staff RECOGNITION 22 RESEARCH SEMINAR SERIES 24 oUTREACH 29 ALUMNI & FRIENDS school/31 MEDIA 32

RESEARCH income 34 GROUP REPORT & PUBLICATIONS - Astrophysics 36 - Experimental Particle Physics (EPP) 39 - Micro-Analytical Research Centre (MARC) 44 - ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computer Technology (CQCT) 49 - melbourne Materials Institute (MMI) 50 - ARC Centre of Excellence for Coherent X-ray Science (CXS) 51 - Optics research/53 - Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics (TCMP) 56 - Theoretical Particle Physics (TPP) 60

subjects offered & more information 62

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 3 universityThe University of Melbourne of

melbourne/the Melbourne Model, undergraduate and graduate The university of education have continued to be a central focus of Melbourne thought and investment at the University. Established in 1853, the University of Melbourne The final strand – engagement – encompasses is a public-spirited institution that makes distinctive interaction between the University and the wider contributions to society in research, teaching and society. It includes knowledge partnerships, knowledge transfer. interactions with alumni, advancement activities and international programs. Melbourne’s teaching excellence has been rewarded two years in a row by grants from Knowledge partnerships are interactions between the Commonwealth Government’s Learning the University and external groups or individuals and and Teaching Performance Fund for Australian are essential to the ensuring the University’s public- universities that demonstrate excellence in spirited character. Melbourne will continue to expand undergraduate teaching and learning. the number and scope of its knowledge partnerships and ensure effective metrics to promote excellence Melbourne was also one of only three Australian in these activities. universities to win ten citations -- the maximum number of awards possible -- under the Carrick The University’s international strategy permeates Citations for Outstanding Contributions to Student every aspect of the institution’s activities. The Learning. The citations recognise commitment University will continue to extend and develop its by university staff who have shown outstanding international character, through partnerships with leadership and innovation in teaching, and dedication international Universities and organisations and and enthusiasm for student learning. programs such as Melbourne Global Mobility. In addition, the University will work towards having The triple-helix a more ‘cosmopolitan’ campus, with a view to The University of Melbourne seeks to be highly increasing the number of high calibre international regarded in research and research training, learning staff and research higher degree students. and teaching, and engagement. The University values its relationship with alumni, Together these three activities are envisaged as and acknowledges that there are many more a metaphoric triple-helix in which they are closely opportunities to be explored. The University seeks bound, each reinforcing the other. Growing Esteem to engage alumni as advisors on course content, takes into account current national and international as mentors for current students and guides for research priorities, aims to assist the University to prospective applicants. The University also hopes address the pressures of space, size and coherence to pursue new engagement opportunities with its in undergraduate education and ensures a much growing international alumni. In return, alumni are stronger link between public outreach and teaching able to attend many public events as well as access and research. the University’s knowledge base and infrastructure. The first strand – research and research training Advancement programs support research, – is core to the mission of the University, linking provide scholarships to students from a variety of Melbourne to the great centres of scholarship backgrounds, establish chairs in specific disciplines, around the world. The research and research training expand and maintain library facilities and establish strand allows us both to achieve what we call our new infrastructure. The University will continue research outcomes and output and also to train to expand its advancement activities with a major research higher degree students including PhD or campaign in 2010 designed to treble the University’s Doctoral research and Masters by research. annual income from donations and gifts within five years. The second strand – learning and teaching – refers to our curriculum (or our courses) and to the experience of being a student (such as study groups, support services and scholarships). Learning and teaching has been of great importance to the University since its origin in 1854, and with the inception of

4 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au what will the university look like in 10 years Melbourne Model university of By 2020, there will be many new aspects of the University, but the The Melbourne Model curriculum was introduced distinct ‘Melbourne’ feel will remain. Alumni will be at home on in 2008 and offers degrees in three broad cycles. the campus whilst marveling at the new technological and physical At Bachelor degree level, students select from offerings. A seamless interplay will exist between the historic beauty one of six degrees offering a total of 87 major of the campus and the requirements for student engagement a decade fields of study. These programs lay the intellectual from now. foundations for employment or further study. melbourne/ In research, the University will have found a balance between Under the Melbourne Model, most professional traditional depth and cross-disciplinary activities and be regarded qualifications are offered at Master’s level, where internationally as a pillar of intellectual strength. Work will address students can choose from a variety of professional major societal concerns whilst simultaneously fulfilling the need for or specialist graduate programs offering intensive, excellence in individual disciplines. Researchers from the University focused graduate-level experiences that promote will routinely interact with others globally. Ideas will be effectively deep professional learning. At Doctoral level, communicated to society. students develop research skills working alongside By 2020 students and researchers will benefit from the Victorian Life international leaders in a broad range of fields. Sciences Computation Initiative, and the University’s engagement The key features of the Melbourne Model are choice with the yet to be built Parkville Comprehensive Cancer Centre. The and flexibility at undergraduate level, together with Parkville Neurosciences building now under construction will be a diversity and applicability at graduate level. The focal point for activity in the field, as will be the Peter Doherty Institute curriculum caters for students who enter University for Immunology. University researchers will have made significant at undergraduate or graduate level with a variety of progress in the development of the world’s most advanced bionic eye. goals: those sure of their chosen path; those who In learning and teaching, the Melbourne Model will have been have not yet determined their future vocation; and producing high quality graduates for a decade. The student profile will those who begin on one path then discover another. consist of a near even balance between undergraduate and graduate A vital feature of the Melbourne Model is the students. The student cohort will be a diverse mix from all over the diversity of flexible educational pathways that it world selected from those most likely to be academically excellent, offers to students. The Model encompasses a leaders in communities, attuned to cultural diversity and active global wide range of study options and pathways, and citizens, regardless of personal circumstance. Between 2015 and 2020, allows students to make more timely and informed assuming reasonable funding conditions, the University will reduce the decisions about career directions. Each individual size of the student cohort to improve educational outcomes. student is assisted to choose a pathway through the Melbourne Model that is tailored to their developing At the undergraduate level, students will have access to clearly defined interests and goals. pathways that lead to external employment, graduate studies or research higher degrees. The combination of breadth and disciplinary The Melbourne Model was introduced to: depth will be highly valued and a significant reason for students • Provide flexibility at undergraduate level in order choosing Melbourne. to allow for developing interests and enable By 2020 the number of graduate schools will have stabilised, and more considered choices by students about Melbourne will be regarded as the premier provider of professional further study or career options training in the southern hemisphere. The graduate student population • Improve intellectual coherence, research will be a diverse mix of students that did their undergraduate courses at relevance and peer interaction at undergraduate Melbourne, students from other institutions and professionals wishing level to further their education. The graduate classroom will be a place where robust intellectual discourse is encouraged and educational • Provide intensive training at graduate level to pedagogy is finely tuned to the advanced skills of the graduate cohort. students with greater maturity and breadth of perspective in order to deliver better personal By 2020, the University will have in place infrastructure and systems and professional outcomes that guarantee students have a ‘Melbourne Experience’ unmatched • Strengthen preparation for doctoral research and in quality by other Australian comprehensive research institutions. academic mobility As part of the campus offerings, students will have greater access to residential programs through colleges and will enjoy a more integrated • Develop graduates with defined educational, university campus. Advancement activities over the next decade will aspirational and personal attributes ensure appropriate financial support for students in need.

Publicly, the University’s degree structure will be considered a ‘normal’ and ‘appropriate’ part of the Australian higher education landscape. The University will be regarded as a producer of exceptional graduates and a fine place to work, study or visit. Through engagement programs the University will fulfill its promise to be public-spirited, being part of the local, national and global community within which it exists. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 5 facultyThe faculty of science of science/ facult y of Science

About us One of the oldest science faculties in Australia, we celebrated our centenary in 2003. The Faculty provides a range of teaching and postgraduate training programs and community services, based on a solid foundation of research in the pure and applied sciences. It comprises four schools and five departments - Botany, Chemistry, Earth Sciences, Physics, Genetics, Information Systems, Mathematics & Statistics, Optometry & Vision Sciences, and Zoology, and it has an active involvement in 13 competitively funded research centres. Over 6,500 undergraduate and postgraduate students are enrolled across its 10 undergraduate and 12 postgraduate courses and its Honours program.

Faculty staff gain approximately $22 million a year in competitive research grants, through peer-assessed grants, the Australian Research Council (ARC), the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and other national funding and industry agencies. Its international agenda includes joint research ventures, exchange of staff and students, recruitment of overseas students and the inclusion of a global perspective in curricula. Through the quality of its research and teaching, the Faculty OUR MISSION: enjoys a strong reputation, both nationally and internationally. “to be leaders in Physics with global impact” History of the Faculty The Faculty of Science was formally constituted in 1903 under the first Dean, Professor Henry Laurie, although science has been taught since 1854 when the first Professors of mathematics and natural science joined the University. Initially the disciplines taught within the Faculty included Chemistry, Physiology, Biology (including elementary Botany), Geology and Minerology, as well as subjects from the Schools of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy (Physics). Over the years, Genetics, Information Systems, and Optometry have been added to this list.

6 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au faculty of schoolThe school of physics of

science/ physics/biological molecules. Solving this problem is critical The School of to rational drug design and biotechnology. With inter-institutional partners, the Centre for Quantum Physics Computer Technology is building, at the atomic level, a solid-state quantum computer in silicon which will It is an exciting time to be studying physics in the revolutionise computing industries. 21st century: it is an enabling science that expands our knowledge of the universe and underpins new The administration area of the School has recently technologies that benefit our society. The School been renovated to provide a vibrant first point of of Physics is well established and is internationally contact for students, staff and visitors, bringing respected for its research excellence, broad- together the Head of School and the administrative based undergraduate courses, and a challenging team. Currently some 23 academic staff, 28 support and rewarding postgraduate experience. Our staff, 35 research-only staff, and more than 80 collaborations are aligned with the world’s leading postgraduate students make up the School. Skilled research groups and facilities. We address some of technical staff operate, maintain and develop, the most important and fundamental problems of complex instrumentation and equipment to support our age. the teaching and research activities of the School.

Our programs in astrophysics, theoretical particle The School of Physics hosts the Centre of and experimental particle physics explore questions Excellence in Coherent X-Ray Science and the relating to the origin, evolution and fate of our Melbourne node of the Centre of Excellence for universe. Aligned with high energy physics programs Quantum Computer Technology. Other centres that taking place in Switzerland (CERN), the School operate within the School are the Micro-Analytical has considerable expertise in grid computing, Research Centre and The Research Centre for High neutrino physics and physics beyond the ‘Standard Energy Physics. Model’. The LIGO gravitational wave detector Located in the heart of cosmopolitan Melbourne, project is designed to measure gravity waves, as the School is part of a vibrant campus environment yet unseen but predicted by Einstein. The MWA and is a great place to study, as evidenced by low frequency radio telescope is a facility currently internationally benchmarked ranking indicators. under construction in outback Western Australia. Designed to capture signals from the early reaches of the universe, it is another tool that will increase our understanding of the universe. OUR MISSION: “to be leaders in Physics with global impact”

The School has strengths in the exploration of The school has 6 RESEARCH matter and light interactions, particularly in advanced materials utilising diamond and silicon, quantum GROUPS information science, photonics, advanced electron • ASTROPHYSICS (ASTRO) microscopy, nanoscale imaging, nanoelectronics, all the way down to the single atom and photon. • EXPERIMENTAL PARTICLE PHYSICS (EPP) Working closely with the Australian Synchrotron, our • MICRO-ANALYTICAL RESEARCH CENTRE (MARC) leading Centre for Coherent X-Ray Science employs X-Ray diffraction techniques and an interdisciplinary • OPTICS team of physicists, biologists and chemists to • THEORETICAL CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS (TCMP) explore the structural determination of single • THEORETICAL PARTICLE PHYSICS (TPP)

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 7 head’sthe school of physics report/ HEAD’S REPORT New South Wales, with Physics at Presentation award at the Diamond 2010 Melbourne contributing significantly Conference in Budapest. The Chancellor’s The School of Physics received a through Professors Lloyd Hollenberg Prize for Excellence in the PhD Thesis significant accolade when the outcomes (Centre Deputy Director) and David was awarded to Andrew V. Martin for of the 2010 “Excellence in Research Jamieson. This centre will enhance and his thesis covering two research themes for Australia” (ERA) process were secure Australia’s lead in the global race to - phase imaging and aspects of atomic announced. The discipline of Physical develop strategic information technologies resolution microscopy. Andrew received Sciences at the University of Melbourne based on the laws of quantum physics. glowing reports from his examiners who received the highest possible rating, 5, in These three new Centres will join our commented on the clarity and elegance of the ERA evaluation exercise conducted on-going ARC Centre of Excellence for his work. by the Australian Research Council Coherent X-ray Science led by Professor (ARC). All of our Physical Sciences sub- Keith Nugent. The School was also very active with disciplines also received the highest outreach activities. We presented the allocated ratings. The ratings were based A number of our staff received significant 2010 July Lectures in Physics on the on a combination of metrics and peer recognition for their achievements in 2010. theme of the 50th anniversary of the review. This shows our discipline is “.... Professor Rachel Webster was inducted laser to large and enthusiastic audiences. characterised by evidence of outstanding into the Victorian Honour Roll for Women We ran In-Service programs for physics performance well above world standard for her contributions to science. She was teachers. Finally our work received many presented by the suite of indicators used also awarded the Australian Learning mentions in the popular media with for evaluation”. A team led by Professor and Teaching Council 2010 Citation for articles on the Large Hadron Collider, the Ray Volkas worked hard to manage our Outstanding Contributions to Student diamond-based work for the bionic eye ERA submission which documented over Learning. The Australian Institute of project, the breakthroughs in the Centre 1,700 publications in physics journals for Physics’ Alan Walsh Medal for Services for Quantum Computer Technology that the period 2003-8! to Industry for 2010 was awarded to led to the single electron spin readout Associate Professor Rob Scholten for his device and initiatives in geothermal power. In 2010 we learned that our proposals work on developing and marketing high- All this activity takes place alongside our to participate in three new Australian precision laser instrumentation. Professor very crowded teaching program where Research Council Centres of Excellence Les Allen was awarded an Australian we present one of Australia’s most had been successful. Starting in 2011 Professorial Fellowship from the Australian comprehensive undergraduate degree the ARC Centre of Excellence for Particle Research Council to commence in 2011. programs to more than 1,500 students Physics at the Tera-Scale ($25.2M over Both Professors Ray Volkas and Steven every day during the semester. We look 7 years) will be led by Professor Geoff Prawer were recognized by the Australian forward to celebrating Physics across a Taylor and will coordinate terascale high Academy of Science for the distinction of broad spectrum of activities in 2011! energy physics research across Australia, their research and were elected as fellows creating new research groups at the of the Academy. We also had four of our Professor David Jamieson Universities of Adelaide and Sydney staff promoted to Associate Professor: Dr and augmenting groups at Melbourne Jeff McCallum, Dr Andrew Melatos, Dr and Monash. We will participate in the Andrew Greentree and Dr Harry Quiney all ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky effective January 1 2011. Astrophysics ($20.6M over 7 years) led by the University of Sydney, with Physics Our students also achieved recognitions at Melbourne contributing significantly for their work. The Australian Optical through Professors Rachel Webster and Society Postgraduate Student Award for Stuart Wyithe and with the development 2010 has been awarded to Sebastian of the ultimate all-sky telescope, the Saliba. The 2010 Warsash Award was Square Kilometre Array, as a goal. We presented to Elaine Miles at the 2010 AIP will also participate in the ARC Centre of Congress with Elaine’s accompanying article published in the Australian Optical Excellence for Quantum Computation Professor David Jamieson (Head) & Ms Helen and Communication Technology ($24.5M Society Newsletter. Babs Fairchild Conley (Executive Manager) at the Part II/IIILab over 7 years) led by the University of received the Young Investigator Oral opening with Professor Rob Saint (Dean of Science) looking on 8 executiveEXECUTIVE MANAGER’S REPORT SCHOOL G OVERNANCE head’s The School continues to be well served by the following The Teaching and Research effort of the School has been well supported again this year by a strong team of professional staff. With students Committee Structure and membership. moving into the third year of the Melbourne Model BSc, laboratory staff Academic Programs continued to manage large numbers of students doing new labs including Robert Scholten (Chair), Helen Conley, Andrew Greentree, the staging of further night labs. The introduction of a new student manager’sThomas Jacques, Michelle Livett, Jeff McCallum, Andrew management system ISIS and its integration with our existing systems, report/ Melatos, Harry Quiney, Roger Rassool, Ann Roberts, provided a number of challenges which were effectively dealt with Martin Sevior, Rachel Webster, Kate Spiden (Executive through the efforts of all the team. Officer) Building Works Knowledge engagement reportEnhancements to the School’s air conditioning system were completed Andy Martin (Chair), Elisabetta Barberio, Chris Chantler, during 2010. A new system was installed in the main air handling units Helen Conley, David Jamieson, Hermine Landt, Roger on the roof to pre-cool the air being drawn into the building during hot Rassool, Ann Roberts, Sebastian Saliba, Cassandra summer days. This work has had the effect of considerably improving the Lovejoy (Executive Officer) capacity of the School’s air conditioning to provide a comfortable office Policy environment throughout the School. On-going work to replace faulty air handling actuators into 2011 will further improve comfort for the staff and David Jamieson (Chair), Les Allen, Helen Conley, Adrian students. D’Alfonso, Tony Gherghetta, Lloyd Hollenberg, Thomas Jacques, Vivien Lee, Jeff McCallum, Andy Martin, Keith nd The end of 2010 saw the commencement of the renovation of the 2 floor Nugent, Steven Prawer, Ann Roberts, Robert Scholten, of the Physics South Building. In an arrangement between the School and Geoff Taylor, Ray Volkas, Rachel Webster, Stuart Wyithe, the Faculty of Science this wing of Physics South will now be used by the Hayley Campbell (Executive Officer) Faculty to house the Graduate School of Science. The new refurbished area will house the School staff, Graduate student study rooms, a Research & Research Training computer room for teaching and student access. The area will also be Les Allen (Chair), Nicole Bell, Helen Conley, Brant Gibson, able to be used for small conferences in conjunction with the use of the Cilla Gloger, Jayne Thompson, Andy Martin, Andrew adjacent Laby and Hercus Theatres. Finally the newly established School Melatos, Ray Volkas, Stuart Wyithe, Kate Spiden(Executive of Physics Museum will now be housed in this area giving the Museum Officer) exhibits prominent display. Environmental health & Safety Professional Staff Changes Jeff McCallum (Chair), Helen Conley, Steve Damon, Colin A number of staff changes have occurred during the year. Mr Andrew Entwisle, Steve Gregory, Pawan Kashyap, Ling Lin, Phil Tierney, who was the Executive Officer for the Melbourne Materials Lyons, Wayne Powrie, Paul Spizziri, Cassandra Lovejoy Institute left to pursue a career with the local government. Ms Hayley (Executive Officer) Campbell and Miss Patricia Gigliuto were awarded continuing positions for School their outstanding dedication to School Administration. There were also a David Jamieson (Chair), all staff, Laurence Deam, Hayley number of casual staff changes in the Administration area. Campbell(Executive Officer) In response to structural changes within central IT in 2009, the Faculty School Executive of Science made a decision to create two IT clusters and 2010 saw a David Jamieson (Chair), Les Allen, Cheryl Burrell, Helen transition to the implementation of a Cluster with three other departments. Conley, Ann Roberts, Robert Scholten, Hayley Campbell Effectively this has meant that although the Physics IT staff have (Executive Officer) physically remained within the School, and continue to provide a valuable service, Linh Vu, Sean Crosby, Kathryn Sparks and Sean Hooley will no Ex officios: Jeff McCallum, Andy Martin, Geoff Taylor, longer be Physics employees. Their contribution to the School over many Rachel Webster years is greatly appreciated.

The School’s research success in now hosting four ARC Centres of Excellence will have an effect on the Professional staff within the School. The School of physics Additional staff to support these Centres will be recruited in 2011 and committees meet approx. five plans have already been put into place to manage the extra administrative workload of the Centres across the new and existing staff within the times per year to provide advice School. & assist with implementing & Finally, at the end of 2010 the School Executive Manager, Helen Conley, developing new or existing left to undertake a new career. Helen had been with the School for 7 years policies & strategies with the aim and over that time had provided strong leadership to the professional team of enhancing the operation of across the School. We wish her well in her new endeavors. the School Executive Manager (Interim), Mr David Varvel

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 9 staff/staff

teaching & research Teaching Interests: Atomic, Molecular and Solid Academics State Physics; Scattering & Imaging Steven Prawer Head of School and professor BSc(Hons), PhD Monash, DSc Melb, MAIP MRS David Norman Jamieson FAA BSc(Hons), PhD Melb, FAIP, FInst, MAPS Research Interests: Quantum information Research Interests: Quantum computing, processing, diamond, ion implantation, nanotechnology, quantum physics, diamond, silicon, micromachining, quantum optics, quantum ion beam physics and analysis, ion implantation, communication, ion beam analysis, single photon microprobes, semiconductors, charge injection in sources, qubits, nanotechnology semiconductors Teaching Interests: Biomedical Physics, quantum Teaching Interests: Advanced physics, mechanics Electromagnetism & Special relativity, Further Classical & Quantum Mechanics Raymond Robert Volkas BSc(Hons) PhD Melb FAIP FAA

Deputy Head of School and associate Research Interests: Beyond the standard model, professor neutrinos, branes and extra dimensions, particle cosmology, particle phenomemology, early universe Ann Roberts Teaching Interests: Advanced quantum mechanics, BSc(Hons) PhD Syd, MAIP Quantum mechanics, quantum field theory Research Interests: Optics, Photonics, Nanophotonics, Imaging, Microscopy Rachel Lindsey Webster Teaching Interests: General first year physics, optics BSc Monash, MSc Sussex, PhD Cambridge and advanced electromagnetism Research Interests: radio astronomy, cosmology, terabyte datasets, low frequency radio telescope, first stars, epoch of reionisation, galaxy formation, Federation Fellow & Laureate solar wind, quasars, gravitational lensing, eResearch Professor Teaching Interests: Solar systems & cosmos, Keith Alexander Nugent advanced electromagnetism and special relativity, BSc(Hons) Adelaide, PhD ANU, FAA FAIP astrophysics and optics Research Interests: Optics, synchrotron science, x-rays, coherence, quantitative phase imaging, biophysics, protein membrane imaging AUSTRALIAN Professorial Fellows & professors

Federation Fellow Lloyd Christopher Hollenberg Tony Gherghetta BSc(Hons) PhD Melb, MAIP BSc(Hons), UWA MS, PhD Chicago Research Interests: theoretical quantum computing Research Interests: Particle physics beyond the and information, qubit system modeling and control, standard model, Supersymmetry, Branes and extra algorithm, single electron transistor, decoherence of dimensions, AdS/CFT correspondence, Particle gate operations, quantum error correction phenomenology, The early universe Geoffrey Norman Taylor

professors BSc(Hons) MSc UWA, PhD Hawaii, MAIP MAPS Leslie John Allen Research Interests: high energy particle physics, physics beyond the Standard Model, CERN BSc(Hons), MSc Port Elizabeth, PhD Sth Africa laboratory, ATLAS project, supersymmetry, Higgs Research Interests: Atomic resolution imaging boson, CP violation, GRID computing, positron and spectroscopy, electron scattering, inner-shell emission topography, medical physics ionization, phase imaging

10 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Teaching Interests: Principles and Applications of Teaching Interests: Principals and applications of Physics B, advanced electromagnetism and special Physics, Quantum Mechanics and Thermal Physics, relativity Electrodynamics

arc queen elizabeth ii fellow & arc queen elizabeth ii fellows professor Andrew Greentree staff/ BSc(Hons) Adel, PhD ANU, MAIP Stuart Wyithe BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Research Interests: Research Interests: Astrophysics, cosmology, first Quantum Computing, Phosphorus in silicon, stars, reionization, black holes, gravitational lensing, diamond in quantum information processing, qubits, the early universe, eclipsing binaries, quasars atom-photon interactions,Electromagnetically- induced transparency Teaching Interests: Extragalactic astrophysics & Cosmology; Computational Physics SENIOR LECTURERS ASSOCIATE PROFFESSORS & READERS Nicole Bell Luigia Elisabetta Barberio BSc(Hons) PhD Melb MSc Bologna, PhD Siegen Research Interests: Beyond the Standard Research Interests: Experimental particle physics, Model, cosmology, neutrino physics, branes and dark matter, cosmology, extra dimensions, particle cosmology, particle ATLAS experiment, CERN laboratory, Higgs boson, phenomenology, early universe structure of the universe, origin of the mass Teaching Interests: Quantum Mechanics, Advanced Teaching Interests: Standard Physics, Subatomic Physics, Thermal Physics Physics, Particle Physics Andrew McCallum Martin Christopher Thomas Chantler BSc(Hons) PhD Lancaster BSc(Hons) UWA, DPhil Oxford Research Interests: Theoretical condensed matter Research Interests: X-ray Optics, Synchrotron, physics, Bose-Einstein Condensation, Quantum Hall X-ray Absorption Fine Structure, powder diffraction, Effect, superfluids, superconductivity radiation shielding, atomic physics & quantum Teaching Interests: Further classical & Quantum electro-dynamics, condensed matter physics mechanics, Advanced Thermal Physics, Condensed Teaching Interests: Electromagnetism & Special Matter physics Relativity; Thermal Physics; Advanced Quantum Optics Andrew Melatos BSc PhD Syd Robert Scholten Research Interests: Neutron stars, gravitational BSc Adelaide, BSc(Hons) PhD Flinders, MAIP, waves, plasma physics, superfluids MAPS Teaching Interests: Advanced electrodynamics, Research Interests: atom optics, quantum optics, Statistical Mechanics atomic physics, laser cooling, imaging, quantum imaging, atomic coherence, lasers Jeffrey McCallum Teaching Interests: Advanced Physics, biomedical BSc(Hons) PhD Melb physics, astrophysics and optics, quantum Research Interests: Epitaxy and defect studies in mechanics silicon, semi-conductor physics disorder defects and amorphisation, open volume defects, ion implantation, solid phase epitaxial growth, shallow ASSOCIATE PROFESSORS junctions, new materials science Michelle Livett Teaching Interests: Standard Physics, Advanced BSc(Hons), PhD LaTrobe, DipEd MCAE, MAIP Physics, Quantum Mechanics and Thermal Physics Research Interests: Physics education Roger Paul Rassool Teaching Interests: Biomedical Physics BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Martin Edmund Sevior Research Interests: Particle and nuclear physics, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb, FAIP nuclear particle photons, industrial applications of Research Interests: High Energy Physics, quarks, physics, instrumentation, silicon detectors, medical anti-matter, Higgs particle, Data Grid physics Teaching Interests: Standard Physics, Instruments for Scientists, Energy & Environment

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 11 TUTORs Austin Fowler, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb James Richmond Kumaravelu Ganesan, BSc MSc Sri Lanka, PhD LLB(Hons) BSc(Hons) Melb Canterbury Brant Gibson, BE PhD LaTrobe RESEARCH-ONLY academics Shrihari Gopalakrishna, BE India MSc U Arkanses PhD UC Davis Professorial Fellow Charles Hill, BSc(Hons) ANU PhD Queensland Robert John Sault Dansha Jiang, BSc PhD China BE(Hons) PhD Syd Brett Johnson, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Mark Junker, BSc Louisiana MSc PhD Texas Senior Research Fellows Archil Kobakhidze, BSC MSc PhD Tbilisi Ivanc Ruben Dilanyan, BSc(Hons) PhD Russia Javakhishvili State Harry Morris Quiney, BSc(Hons) MSc Monash, Jessica Kvansakul, MSc PhD London DPhil Oxford Hermine Landt, MSc PhD Germany Australian research fellow Desmond Lau, BSc(Hons) PhD RMIT Snjezana Tomljenovic-Hanic, MSc Yugoslavia PhD Ling Lin, MSc PhD New Zealand ANU Julius Orwa, MSc USA, PhD Melb Australian postdoctoral fellow Kalliopi Petraki, BSc(Hons) Thessaloniki MSc PhD James Bolton, MSc PhD United Kingdom UCLA Antonio Limosani, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Bart Pindor, BSc Canada PhD USA Olena Ponomarenko, MSc Ukraine, BMAT PhD Research Fellows Newcastle Brian Abbey, MSc PhD Cambridge Corey Putkunz, BSc(Hons) La Trobe PhDNicholas Andrew Alves, BSc(Hons) PhD RMIT Setzer, BSc BA PhD USA Susan Angus, BE(Hons) PhD UNSW Gary Ruben, BSc(Hons) PhD Monash Akin Budi, BASci PhD RMIT David Sheludko, AMusA Bmus BSc(Hons) Stefania Castelletto, BSc(Hons) MSc PhD Turin David Simpson, BSc(Hons) PhD VUT Bo Chen, BEng Heifei, PhD Science & Technology Paul Spizzirri, BAppSc Swinburne PhD Melb China Chiara Tonini, BSc PhD Italy Alberto Cimmino, BSc Naples MSc PhD Melb David Vine, BSc(Hons) PhD Monash Adrian D’Alfonso, BE(Hons) BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Benedict Von Harling, BSc MSc PhD Germany Uli Felzmann, PhD Germany Martin White, BS MSc PhD United Kingdom Robert Foot, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Changyi Yang, BSc Nanjing, MSc Shanghai, PhD Lund 12 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au HONORARY academics Salvy Peter Russo, BSc Melb PhD RMIT

Professors Emeritus Fellows Herbert Bolotin, BSc CUNY MSc PhD Indiana DSc Catherine Buchanan, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb FAIP Stefania Castelletto, BSc MSc PhD Italy David Caro, DSc(Hons) MSc LLB(Hons) Tas PhD Birm. OBE AE FACE FAIP Jared Cole, PhD Melb Anthony George Klein, AM BEE PhD DSc Melb Roland Crocker, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb FAA HonFAIP Jason Doukas, BSc PhD Melb Colin Arnold Ramm, MSc UWA PhD Birm FlnstP Rohan Dowd, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb FAIP Matthew Downton, Mphys (Hons) PhD UK Barbara Etschmann, BSc(Hons) PhD UWA Professorial Fellows Adrian Flitney, BSc Tas PhD Adel Allan Clark, BSc(Hons) Tas, DPhil Oxford David Floyd, Mphys PhD Scotland Tien Kieu, BSc(Hons) Qld PhD Edin Paul Fraser, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Bruce HJ McKellar, BSc(Hons) PhD Syd DSc Melb, Duncan Galloway, BSc(Hons) PhD Tas FAA FInstP FAIP FAPS Moshi Geso, PhD Calif Fulvio Melia, BSc(Hons) Melb PhD MIT Faruque Hossain, BSc(Hons) MSc Bankgladesh Jeremy Mould, BSc(Hons) Melb PhD ANU MEngSc NSW PhD Japan Colin Norman, BE Melb PhD Oxon David Hoxley, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Gerard Milburn, BSc(Hons) Griffith PhD New Sasikaran Kandasamy, Meng PhD London Zealand Steven Karataglidis, BSc MSc Melb AssDipMusic PhD Melb Principal Fellows with the title Jamie Laird, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Associate Professor Robert McLeod, BSc MSc PhD USA Ken Amos, Bsc(Hons) PhD Adel DSc Melb, FAIP Steven Melnikoff, BSc(Hons) MSc PhD USA David Cookson, BSc(Hons) PhD Monash Martin Meyer, BA BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Timothy Davis, BS(Hons) PhD Melb Julius Orwa, BSc(Hons) MSc USA PhD Melb Trevor Finlayson, BSc Qld PhD Monash Alicia Oshlack, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Norman Edward Frankel, BSc MIT PhD Melb Christopher Pakes, BSc(Hons) PhD Birmingham Girish Chandra Joshi, BSc Agra MSc Alld PhD Donald Payne, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Delhi MAIP Andrew Peele, BSc LLB PhD Melb James Jury, BSc MSc PhD Tor Carlos Peralta, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Tomas Kron, BSc PhD Germany Olena Ponomarenko, PhD Newcastle MSc BMath George Legge, BSc(Hons) MSc PhD Melb Ukraine Edmund Gerard Muirhead, MSc PhD Melb MAIP Andrew Alan Rawlinson, BSc PhD Adel Chris Ryan, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Patrick Reichart, PhD Munich Alan Edwin Charles Spargo, BSc PhD UWA MAIP Peter Robertson, BSc(Hons) MSc Melb Maxwell Norman Thompson, MSc PhD Melb DSc Robert Sault, BE(Hons) PhD Syd FAIP Manoj Sridhar, BSc(Hons) MSc PhD USA John William Graydon Wignall, BA BSc MSc Juris Svenne, BASc Canada PhD MIT Melb PhD Cambridge Maurizio Toscano, DipEd BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Lincoln Turner, BSc(Hons) Flin PhD Melb Senior Fellows Phillip Urquijo, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Brendan Allman, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb DipEd Dirk Van der Knijf, BA Melb Grad Dip CIT MSc Monash MBA LaTrobe Melb David Bardos, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Cameron Wellard, BSc PhD Melb Mark Boland, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Laurens Willems Van Beveren, MSc PhD The Valery Natan Gurarie, MSc PhD Moscow Netherlands Shane Huntington, MSc Melb PhD Melb Richard Wilman, Mphys(Hons) PhD UK Steven Trpkovski, BSc(Hons) PhD VicU Gareth Moorhead, BSc(Hons) PhD Melb GAIP Graeme O’Keefe, BSc PhD Melb www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 13 professional staff

EXECUTIVE MANAGER Ms Helen Conley, BSc Deakin DipEd Monash, Adv. Dip Gestalt Psycotherapy

ACTING EXECUTIVE MANAGER Mr David Varvel, BA(Physics) MComm(Marketing)

aDMINISTRATION

FINANCE MANAGER Ms Cheryl Burrell, BA Swinburne

FINANCE OFFICER Ms Patricia Gigliuto, BSc Melb

FINANCE OFFICER Ms Diana Bell, PgD History Melb

RESEARCH AND ADMINISTRATION MANAGER Ms Cilla Gloger, NHDip Administration South Africa

ADMINISTRATOR Ms Kate Spiden

STUDENT ADMINISTRATOR Mr David Wolf

RECEPTIONIST/ADMINISTRATION ASSISTANT Ms Marie Christodulaki, MA Publishing and Communications

RECEPTIONIST/ADMISTRATION ASSISTANT Ms Eliza Drake

PA TO HEAD & ADMINISTRATOR Mrs Hayley Campbell, Dip IntDes

CXS CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Ms Tania Smith, GradCert VETiS and AdvDip Arts VUT

cXS PA & ADMINISTRATOR Ms Rosslyn Ball

MARC/CQCT ADMINISTRATOR Ms Janet Carlon

ASTRO - ADMINISTRATOR Mrs Lisa Lansfield, BADipML (Japanese) Melb

MMI EXECUTIVE OFFICER Mr Andrew Tierney

MMI EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT & UOM SEXUAL Ms Akina Mikami, BA(Hons), MA Media and Communications DipFrench Melb HARASSMENT ADVISER

Ms Annabelle Pontvianne, BSc(Hons) Applied Physics, MSc Science MMI COMMUNICATIONS & PROJECT OFFICER Communication

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

IT MANAGER Mr Linh Vu, BComSci Melb

IT SUPPORT SUPERVISOR Ms Kathryn Sparks, BComSci Melb

IT SUPPORT OFFICER Mr Sean Hooley, NHDip Info Tech UK

SYSTEM ADMINISTRATOR Mr Sean Crosby, BSc(Hons) Melb

Librarian Ms Shirley Wong

LABORATORY SUPPORT

TEACHING ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER Mr Colin Entwisle, BSc(Hons) Melb

UNDERGRADUATE LABORATORY ASSISTANT Mr Stephen Marshall, BSc DipEd & 2/3 YEAR LABORATORY COORDINATOR

UNDERGRADUATE LABORATORY ASSISTANT Mr Jude Prezens, BAppSc RMIT

TECHNICAL OFFICER Mr Steven Damen, BSc Ballarat

TECHNICAL OFFICER Mr Philip Lyons

TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Mr Roland Szymanski, Postgrad Dip Vacuum Technolgy, Certificate Industrial TECHNICAL MANAGER Electronics

SENIOR TECHNICAL OFFICER Mr Jonathan Wayne Powrie, Cert Toolmaking, Fitter & Turner

SENIOR ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN Mr Sandor Szilagyi

TECHNICAL OFFICER Mr Ashley French, Cert Mechanical Instrumentation Making, Fitter & Turner

TECHNICAL OFFICER Mr Stephen Gregory, BAppSc(Hons), BE Melb

TECHNICAL OFFICER Mr Michael Zammit, Cert Fitter & Turner

14 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au visitors/visitors

each year the school of physics proudly hosts a range of visitors including highly distinguished speakers & visiting academics & students industry contacts

BSc(Hons) PhD Melb Dr Brendan Allman DipEd Monash MBA Iata Imaging Pty Ltd Latrobe

Ms Aletta Bunge Univesity of Hanover, Germany

Ms Sarah Ole BSc USA Mount Holyoke College in Massechusetts

Department Of Electrical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Prof Eliezer Finkman BSc MSc DSc Israel Technology

Prof Herbert Fried Dept. of Physics, Brown University, USA

Lyle Fellow, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Dept of Prof Mark Fromhold BSc(Hons) PhD UK Astronomy, University of Nottingham

Mr Luuk Hennen MAPhys The Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands

Prof Alon Hoffman BSc MSc DSc Israel Dept of Chemistry, Technion, Israel

Prof Rafi Kalish MSc PhD Israel Institute of Solid State Physics, Technion, Israel

DipPhys DipEd ETH Mr Stefan Kaufmann Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich Zurich

Ms Rose Footini BSc The Netherlands University of Amsterdam Koopman

Dr Katherine Mack BSc(Hons) PhD USA Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, UK

Dr Kristian Mcdonald BSc(Hons PhD Melb TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

Mr Roel Roijmans BAPhys The Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands

Mr Frank Rudzik MechEng Germany University of Freiberg, Germany

Mr Matthew Sarrasin Beng BSc Canada Concordia University, Montreal, Canada

Mr Joscha Specks Diploma Germany Technical University of Munchen, Germany

Prof Viktor Struzhkin BA MA PhD Russia Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington

BSc(Hons) Imperial Prof Martin Ward College MSc PhD Uni Head of Physics, Durham University, United Kingdom Sussex

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 15 current Research higher degree students/students MSc RHD Anthony Agosta OPTICS Nor Azah Abdul Aziz OPTICS Nicholas Aloi EPP Mark Bennett ASTRO Paul Angel TPP Jay Bourke OPTICS Iason Baldes TPP Loren Bruns Jr ASTRO Robert Barone-Nugent ASTRO Benjamin Callen TPP Tim Bedin ASTRO Ivan Corro TCMP Amelia Brennan TPP Evan Curwood CXS Jack Burgess MARC William Davey EPP Craig Burnett ASTRO Nadia Davidson EPP Jackson Clarke TPP Marcus Doherty TCMP Andrew Cole EPP Daniel Drumm TCMP Peter Cox TPP Stefanie Elbracht EPP Catherine De Burgh-Day ASTRO Zachary Evans CQCT Taissa Danilovich ASTRO Barbara Fairchild MARC Laurence Deam MARC Jinghua Fang MARC Nikolai Dontschuk MARC Paul Geil ASTRO Gabrielle Fejes OPTICS Xiao Ming Goh OPTICS Benjamin Forbes TCMP Bradley Greig ASTRO Ahmed Halima MARC Liam Hall TCMP Lachlan Hislop ASTRO Andrew Hayward TCMP Chris Hodson EPP Clare Henderson OPTICS Rhyan Hoey ASTRO Thomas Jacques TPP Alexis Illig OPTICS Lenneke Jong TCMP David Jennens EPP T’Mir Julius EPP Henry Kirkwood OPTICS Vivien Lee EPP Lyndon Koens TCMP Nathan Lugg TCMP James Leighton-Thomas ASTRO Sarah McLeod ASTRO Mark Leong MARC Andrew Morgan TCMP Nana Liu TPP Brendan Mulkerin TCMP Vesna Lukic TCMP Sudhir Raskutti ASTRO Daniel Thompson OPTICS Justin Matthys EPP Jonathan Newnham MARC Harris Panopoulos EPP Viktor Perunicic TCMP Dime Risteski TCMP Peter John Ryan MARC Kong Guan Tan EPP James Tantau OPTICS Lachlan Taylor TCMP Sarah Traine ASTRO Adrian Tregonning TCMP Daniel Wells OPTICS Brendan Wilson TCMP James Wood TCMP

16 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au students/ thesestheses completions

completions/We congratulate the following students on their theses completions Iason Baldes MSc Baryon Number Non-conserving Scalar Particles Jack Burgess MSc Interstitial-related luminescence centres in silicon Andrew Cole MSc Beam Transmission Efficiency Measurements at the Australian Synchrotron Taissa Danilovich MSc The Physics of the Tully-Fisher Relation Laurence Deam MSc Deep level transient spectroscopy study of irradiation-induced defects in silicon Benjamin Forbes MSc A quantum mechanical model for Phonon excitation in electron diffraction and imaging using a Born-Oppenheimer approximation Ahmed Halima MSc Nanofabrication and Characterization of Nitrogen Doped Ultra-nanocrystalline Diamond for the Bionic Eye Lachlan Hislop MSc The extra-galactic distance scale: a Tip of the Red Giant Branch calibration of the Tully-Fisher Relation David Jennens MSc The Jet Energy Scale at ATLAS Pawan Kashyap MSc On the modification of the refractive index of diamond by ion implantation Nana Liu MSc Gravitational Higgs Mechanism in the Domain-Wall Brane Scenario Justin Matthys MSc Dark Matter in the Dark Ages: A Dark Thesis Jonathan Newnham MSc The problem of Coherent Transport in the Solid State Harris Panopoulos MSc Energy Measurement of the Australian Synchrotron using Resonant Spin Depolarisation Kong Guan Tan MSc Improving the Reconstruction of Tracks from Hadronic Tau Decays at ATLAS Lachlan Taylor MSc Synthetic magnetic fields in Bose-Einstein condensates Sarah Traine MSc Polarimetry of low and high energy neutron star emission Adrian Tregonning MSc Ab-initio simulations of single-atom based nanostructures Brendan Wilson MSc Large dipole systems in ultrasmall cavities: Extreme cavity QED

Virginia Drumm MPhil Channelled ion beam analysis of diamond Martijn Jasperse MPhil Relative intensity squeezing by four-wave mixing in rubidium Gareth Jones MPhil Development of a non-invasive arterial monitor Igor Aharonovich PhD Novel single photon emitters based on color centers in diamond Nicholas Bate PhD Quasar microimaging Christine Chung PhD Radio, x-ray, and gravitational wave emission from neutron stars Adrian D'alfonso PhD Atomic resolution imaging in two and three dimensions Samuel Flewett PhD Quantitative studies of x-ray optical coherence Elizabeth Hinde PhD A spectroscopic study of the luminescent properties of daylight fluorescent pigments and implications for the conservation of modern art Sally Langford PhD Detecting and characterising extrasolar planets in reflected light Alpha Mastrano PhD Early-stage evolution and stability of magnetic fields in neutron stars Rebecca Mcfadden PhD UHE neutrino detection using the Lunar Chrenkov technique Adrian Melchiori PhD Surveying 1.4 GHz radio continuum using HIPASS: the HIPASS continuum catalogue Anthony Morley PhD Electron bremsstrahlung studies and track based alignment of the ATLAS detector James Stokes PhD A model of fermion masses without a Higgs mechanism Chun-Hsu Su PhD Novel quantum technology based on atom-cavity physics Byron Villis PhD Studies of the electrical and optical properties of defects in ion implanted silicon Isaac Peterson Hons Coursework

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 17 postgraduate physics student society ppss/(PPSS)

PROF STUART WYITHE, Laurence Deam, Postgraduate Physics PPSS President Coordinator 2010 was an important year for graduate students Within the School of Physics, postgraduate research in the school. The first group of Masters in Science is an integral part of all research areas. Physics students completed their courses, doing quite well postgraduates are therefore integrated into School both in research and coursework. The course was life at all levels. For example, the crucial role played not without its initial hiccups but overall the transition by students in the research success of the School is from honours to the new masters has been shown highlighted during the weekly postgraduate seminar to be a success. series. This series serves to inform the School as a whole of individual research programs. The PPSS would like to thank the Graduate Student Association (GSA) for its continued Since 2006, the School has expanded the support which allows for activities organised for postgraduate seminar series to include a full graduates. This year we had a pool competition colloquium by final year students, describing the (on a newly refurbished pool table, thanks to work presented in their thesis. This final colloquium student contributions) and a trivia night with the provides the opportunity for the School to celebrate further financial and logistical support of the school the achievements of postgraduate students. This itself. The administration and IT staff should also initiative has been well received in 2010 by staff and be thanked for consistently providing warm and students alike in the quality and excellence of the dedicated assistance to all students. presentations received. The profile of completion Within the PPSS the constitution was updated seminars was raised by the staging of some in the with a new position added to the committee itself: primary Physics colloquium time slot. a Women in Physics representative. It is hoped this new position will provide more of a voice to In addition, the seminar series offers our women in the department and to assist with keeping students valuable experience in scientific and students more widely informed of the activities of oral presentation skills. Postgraduate students the Women in Physics (WIP) organisation. are also integrated into the day-to-day workings of the School through representatives on each of While there were one or two hurdles to overcome the Schools committees. Postgraduate student throughout the year, the Geoff Opat Seminar Series participation on School committees is coordinated (GOSS) and associated food and drinks following, by the Postgraduate student society, and aims to have continued to be well organised and maintained. ensure that postgraduate student needs are met at There were many students giving talks on a wide all levels. variety of subjects, with much discussion and occasionally debate afterwards. GOSS talks and the The School aims to assist postgraduates with associated food and drinks are considered extremely the skills they will need to successfully complete important not only for the enjoyment and interest of their degree and to move forward in the future. To students but also for the cross-group networking it prepare postgraduate students to make the most encourages. of their time within the department, the School conducts an induction day, where the roles and perceptions of students and supervisors alike, as well as the requirements of postgraduate study are discussed.

For more information, visit the PPSS website at www.ph.unimelb.edu.au/ppss/

18 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au studentStudent RECOGNITION recognition/ UNDERGRADUATE prize Selection Criteria Value Recipient Awarded to the student achieving the highest results in First year Dwight Prize $700 Mr Dougal Davis advanced level, on recommendation by the Head Prize is awarded to a student enrolling in either Honours or Ramm Prize in postgraduate degree by research in Experimental Physics who has $2000 Mr David Jennens Experimental Physics demonstrated excellent research potential. Awarded to the student achieving the highest results in Second Book William Sutherland Year Physics who is proceeding to study Physics at the Third Year vouchers Mr Angus McInnes Prize level. approx $150 EM & JF Ward Prize Awarded to the most outstanding student in experimental physics for experimental Mr Dene Murphy in the third or final year of the BSc majoring in physics physics

POSTGRADUATE prize Selection Criteria Value Recipient Professor Awarded on recommendation of the Head on the basis of Honours Kernot Research results. Holders are required to conduct research in Physics at $2,000 Mr Benjamin Forbes Scholarship in postgraduate level. Physics Dixson Research Awarded on the basis of Honours results in Physics. The holder $1,500 Scholarship in is required to conduct research in Physics at the University at Ms Nana Liu approx Physics postgraduate level Awarded to a student who has completed fourth year Honours (or Klein Prize in equivalent) in the School of Physics at the University of Melbourne, $800 Mr David Jennes Experimental Physics and who is currently enrolled in a Research Higher Degree in the approx School of Physics at the University of Melbourne. Awarded to a student who is enrolled in a Research Higher degree John Tyndall who is conducting advanced studies or research in the School of $350 Mr Adrian Tregonning Scholarship Prize Physics Awardees are to be selected on the basis of academic excellence Women in Physics $1,000 and demonstrated research potential, financial need may also be Ms Jennifer Riding Prize approx considered. The Dean’s Honour List - Honours Level is determined by Dean’s Award academic merit and is comprised of students with outstanding (Honours Level) - Ms Nana Liu distinction. It is awarded at the honours level of the Bachelor of Physics Science in all areas of study. Determined by academic merit and awarded to a student enrolled Bryan Scholarship in in the Bachelor of Science (Honours) in a branch of Natural Science Linden Gearing Biological Science in a Biological Science department. student prize in physical sciences The winner is picked based on an extended abstract and a talk Lila Warszawaski - royal society of intended for a non-specialist audience. victoria

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 19 studentprstuizdeents & a&w Stardsaff RECOGNITION recognition/

Determined by academic merit and awarded to a student enrolled Bryan Scholarship in $1,500 in the Bachelor of Science (Honours) in a branch of Natural Science Mr Nicholas Rodd Biological Science approx in a Biological Science department. Mr Andrew Vincent Martin Chancellors Prize Awarded annually by the University of Melbourne in four faculty Theoretical studies in for Excellence in groupings: Humanities & Creative Arts; Social Sciences; Science & phase imaging and the PhD Thesis Engineering; Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences atomic resolution electron microscopy 2010 postgraduate Awarded by the Australian Optical Society to support conference $1,500 Mr Sabastian Saliba student award travel 2010 Victorian Branch - best physics Awarded by the Australian Insitute of Physics Mr Dene Murphy practical award Awarded by the Australian Optical Society for Science $500 2010 warsash award Miss Elaine Miles Coummincation in Optics approx Young Investigator Oral presentation Awarded at the Diamond 2010 Conference Ms Babara Fairchild award

STAFF prize Selection Criteria Recipient 2010 fei company Awarded by the Australian Microscopy and Microanalysis Society cowley-moodie for original research in the physical sciences involving elctron Dr Adrian D’Alfonso award microscopy dean’s award in This award is presented in recognition of excellence in research Dr Nicole Bell reseach excellence actitivies being undertaken within the Faculty of Science Dean’s award This award is presented in recognition of ongoing, outstanding for excellence in performance in educational activities within the Faculty of Science Prof David Jamieson teaching - class and the wider community teaching Awarded by the Australian Learning & Teaching Council for 2010 OUTSTANDING Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning recognising the CITATIONS TO STUDENT Prof Rachel Webster diverse contributions made by individuals and teams to the quality LEARNING of student learning. 2010 10 young Awarded by the Australian Academy of Science’s ‘Australian australian Prof Stuart Wyithe Scientist’ publication scientists Alan Walsh Medal This prestigious medal is awarded by the Australian Institute of A/Prof Robert Scholten for Physics Physics for Service to Industry First awarded in 1906 following a donation from David Syme, david syme research the prize rewards original research that makes an important Dr Harry Quiney Medal 2010 contribution to the fields of Biology, Chemistry, Geology or Physics.

20 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au staffstaff RECOGNITION recognition/ 2010 VICTORIAN HONOUR ROLL OF WOMEN PROFESSOR RACHEL WEBSTER 2010 marked the 10th anniversary of the Victorian Honour Roll of Women which recognises and celebrates the achievements of remarkable Victorian women.

All of the 20 inductees for 2010 have used their skills, knowledge, and commitment to better their communities. They have excelled in their chosen fields and are testament to the depth of talented women we have in this State.

Professor Rachel Webster joined this remarkable group of 458 women who have been honoured 2010 Victorian Honour Roll of Women inductees over the last 10 years and she has been recognised as being a leading Australian astrophysicist and role model for women in this traditionally male- AUSTRALIAN dominated field. ACADEMY OF As Victoria’s first and Australia’s second full-time female professor Rachel has made signficant SCIENCE FELLOWS research accomplishments which are complemented March 2010 saw the announcement of the by her work outside astrophysics, particularly on latest 17 people elected as Fellows to the climate change and alternative power. Australian Academy of Science with two of It was an outstanding year for Rachel who was also our own, Professors Ray Volkas and Steven awarded the Australian Learning & Teaching Council Prawer included in the line-up. 2010 Citation for Outstanding Contributions to Election to the AAS recognises research Student Learning. that has significantly advanced the world’s scientific knowledge. Ray was elected for “I hope that I have enabled young women to his research into theoretical particle physics, understand that they are capable, and that early universe cosmology and high energy they have something substanial and astrophysics. Steven for the physics of different to contribute to science” diamond and related materials. RACHEL WEBSTER This is an enormous distinction for our new fellows and for the School.

Prof. Rachel Webster being inducted to the Victorian Honour Roll of Women by Maxine Prof. Ray Volkas Prof. Steven Prawer Morand MP, Minisiter for Women’s Affairs

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 21 researchresearch seminar series seminar series/ Speakers and visitors affiliated with the School gave the following colloquia and seminars during 2010. Unless indicated elsewhere, the lectures took place in the Laby or Hercus Theatres. Colloquia

School of Electrical, Electronic and Recent Advances in Optical MEMS Technologies for 13-Jan Prof Laurie Faraone Computer Engineering, The University Electrically-Tuneable Multi-Spectral Infrared Sensors of Western Australia, and Arrays Balkanski Professor of Physics and of The scientific approach to teaching: Research as a 18-Jan Prof Eric Mazure Applied Physics, Harvard University basis for course design Department of Physics and Benchmark Claculations of Atomic Data for Plasma 16-Feb Klaus Bartschat Astronomy, Drake University, Iowa, Applications USA IBM Research Centre, San Jose, CA 23-Feb Dr Stuart Parkin The Spin on Electronics! USA School of Physics and Astronomy, The interplay between Bose-Einstein condensates 25-Feb Prof. Mark Fromhold The University of Nottingham, and semiconductor quantum systems Nottingham, UK Department of Applied Physics, A/Prof R.W. van der COBRA Research Institute, Eindhoven Air-hole infilling of Quantum Dot incorporated 9-Mar Heijden University of Technology, Eindhoven, InGaAsP Photonic Crystal Nanocavities The Netherlands School of Physics, University of Topological Effects in Neutron Interferometry – The 16-Mar Em Prof A.G. Klein Melbourne Klein - Opat Experiments Remembered A story concerning exotic nuclei:–What are they, why School of Physics, University of 23-Mar A/Prof Ken Amos are they of interest and how might their properites be Melbourne probed? Strong coupling and discrete symmetry in flavour 20-Apr Prof Steven Abel Durham University physics Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe 27-Apr Prof David Vaux Responsible research - truth in Science? University School of Physics, University of Novel single photon emitters based on color centers 4-May Igor Aharonovich Melbourne in diamond School of Physics, University of 11-May Prof David Jamieson Physics, Power and Climate Change Melbourne School of Physics, University of Novel quantum technology based on atom-cavity 18-May Chun-Hsu Su Melbourne physics Cooling and Control of a Cavity 25-May Dr Warwick Bowen University of Queensland Optoelectromechanical System Vortices and persistent currents: Rotating a Bose- 1-Jun Kristian Helmerson Monash University Einstein condensate using photons with orbital angular momentum School of Physics, University of The Large Hadron Collider ­Entering the Era of Tera- 8-Jun Prof Geoffrey N. Taylor Melbourne scale Physics Atomic calculations and search for new physics 15-Jun Vladimir Dzuba University of New South Wales beyond the standard model

22 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 22-Jun Dr Jim Mitroy Charles Darwin University Atomic polarizabilities and atomic clocks CSES, Engineering, Australian 6-Jul Dr Kylie Catchpole Nanophotonics for high efficiency solar cell research National University Low-dimensional Nanostructure Studies at the 16-Jul Prof Dmitri Golberg University of Tsukuba, Japan National Institute for Material Science, Tsukuba, Japan Centre for Anti-matter-Matter Studies, Calculation of excitation and ionization processes 20-Jul Dr Dmitry Fursa seminar series/ Curtin using relativistic CCC method Astrophysics Research Centre, Atomic Data Calculations at Queen's University 2-Aug Kanti Aggarwal Queen’s University Belfast Belfast Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht- Rydberg Aggregates: Interactions in an Ultracold Gas 3-Aug Matthias Weidemuller Karls-Universität Heidelberg of Rydberg Atoms Deputy Director, NIST Physics 3-Aug Dr William R. Ott New Opportunities in Measurement Science at NIST Laboratory School of Physics, University of 10-Aug Virginia Drumm Channelled ion beam analysis of diamond Melbourne Department of Applied Mathematics 17-Aug Dr Gleb Gribakin and Theoretical Physics, Queen’s Positron annihilation in molecules Univesity, Belfast Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Biopolymer Photonics: Unnatural Uses for Natural 24-Aug Dr Peter Domachuk Devices for Optical Systems Materials (CUDOS), University of Sydney Cosmological Confusion: Revealing common 31-Aug Dr Tamara Davis The University of Queensland misconceptions about the big bang, the expansion of the universe and cosmic horizons Science Studio: A possible route to improved access 9-Sep Prof Stewart McIntyre University of Western Ontario, Canada to the world's synchrotrons? School of Physics, University of New The unusual properties of spin-3/2 holes in gallium- 14-Sep Prof Alex Hamilton South Wales arsenide semiconductor nanostructures ARC Federation Fellow, University of 5-Oct Prof Tony Gherghetta The Origin of Mass at the Large Hadron Collider Melbourne Director of CAOUS, Swinburne 12-Oct Prof Peter Hannaford Super-Cool Quantum Gases University of Technology School of Physics, University of 19-Oct Prof Rachel Webster A Geothermal Future? Melbourne Centre for Biophotonics and Laser Next Generation Organic Solar Cells: Through and 26-Oct Prof Paul Meredith Science Beyond the Shockley-Queisser Limit The University of Queensland 9-Nov Honours talks Professor, Department of Anatomy, 16-Nov Prof Carolyn Larabell University of California at San Soft X-ray Tomography of Biological Cells Francisco 24-Nov Prof Lawrence Krauss Arizona State University Cosmology as Science?: From Inflation to Eternity 23-Nov Prof Igor Bray Curtin University of Technology, WA Recent progress in atomic collision theory 14-Dec Prof Martin Ward Durham University, Durham, UK Darkness Made Visible

Astrophysics seminars

Department of Engineering and Seeing Galaxy Clusters through the Cosmic 5-Feb Prof Naoki Itoh Applied Sciences, Sophia University, Microwave Background: Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect Tokyo, Japan ICRAR, University of Western 25-Mar Dr Alan Duffy Impact of galacy formation on dark matter haloes Australia 11-Aug Prof Cole Miller University of Maryland Putting a spin on supermassive black holes 1-Sep Dr Glenn Kacprzak Swinburne The Origin of Extended MgII Halos 1-Oct Prof Hume Feldman Kansas Cosmic Flows on 100 Mpc/h Scales www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 23 research seminar series

27-Oct Dr Kevin Pimbblet Monash University Galaxies in Odd Places Probing Cold Feedback in Cluster Cores with 3-D 2-Nov Richard Wilman University of Melbourne Spectroscope 10-Nov Dr Katie Mack Cambridge University The 21cm Forest 17-Nov Dr Michael Murphy Swinburne University Spatial variation in the fine-structure constant? theoretical particle physics seminars

7-Jan Roman Sundrum Johns Hopkins University, USA SUSY Splits, But Then Returns Supersymmetry breaking and grand unification 21-Apr Steven Abel IPPP Durham, United Kingdom without the desert 28-Apr Kallia Petraki University of Melbourne Constraints on late-decaying dark-matter models 7-May Archil Kobakhidze University of Melbourne Entropic gravity 12-May Kristian McDonald TRIUMF, Canada Low-Energy Probes of a Warped Extra-Dimension 8-Sep Shrihari Gopalakrishna University of Melbourne Warped-space LHC Signatures 6-Oct Herbert Fried Brown University, USA Analytic, Non-Perturbative, Gauge Invariant QCD Wild at Heart: The Particle Astrophysics of the 15-Dec Roland Crocker Max-Planck Institute, Germany Galactic Centre Institute of Advanced Study, The Dark Sector, Cosmic Rays and the Cosmic 21-Dec Tracy Slatyer Princeton, USA Microwave Background optics & condensed matter physics seminars

ACQAO, Australian National 22-Mar ProfHans A. Bachor Optical Entanglements - Ideas and Realisations University The Quantum Control Laboratory, Coherent Control and Large-Scale Entanglement in 22-Apr Dr Michael J. Biercuk The University of Sydney Trapped Ion Crystals Hybrid active photonic crystal structures: III-V based Laboratoire de Photonique et de 2-Aug Timothy Klarke slow light waveguides and nanocavities coupled to Nanostructures, Marcoussis, France SOI wires Professor of Optical Physics, Imperial What do single molecule orientation measurements 2-Aug Prof Peter Török College, London and Homer Simpson have in common? Colorado State University, Fort A laser-cooled single-atom-on-demand source for Si 3-Aug William Fairbank Collins, USA quantum computing Nicola Debernardi and Eindhoven University of Technology, 12-Aug Ultracold electrons and ions Wouter Engelen The Netherlands GOSS*

Phenomenology of Domain Wall Braneworld Models: On Generating the Fermion Mass 26-Mar Ben Callen Spectrum and Mixing Angels and Suppressing Proton Decay 26-Mar Marcus Doherty The extended defect-molecule model of nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond 9-Apr Lachlan Whitehead Partially Coherent Diffractive Imaging 16-Apr Lila Warszawski The many faces of pulsar glitches 23-Apr Paul Geil The end of the dark ages: the new frontier of radio cosmology 30-Apr Will Davey Tau-Leptons, Higgs Bosons, and the discovery of new physics with ATLAS 7-May Elaine Miles Non-Invasive Imaging Techniques for the Investigation of Cultural Objects 21-May Melissa Makin Solid Light - Adventures with Jaynes -Cummings-Hubbard Hamiltonian 28-May Alpha Mastrano Early-stage evolution of magnetic fields in neutron stars 4-Jun Lenneke Jong Spatial adiabatic passage techniques in mesoscopic quantum electronic systems 23-Jul Xiao Ming Goh Nanometallic Spatially Varying Aperture Array Devices for Wavefront Control

24 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 23-Jul Nathan Lugg Low-voltage scanning transmission electron microscopy 30-Jul Andrey Sokolov Boltzmann entropy in a multiplicative asset exchange model 30-Jul Andrew Hayward GOSS Diamonds on the soles of her shoes: random walks and pirouettes with the diamond nitrogen- 6-Aug Dougal Maclaurin vacancy centre 13-Aug Simon Bell A cold electron source 20-Aug Jayne Thompson Lifshitz Domain-wall Branes 20-Aug Nadine Pesor Soft supersymmetry breaking from stochastic superspace 27-Aug Dave Sheludko Shaped cold electron bunches from ultracold plasma 3-Sep John Lowe Atomic Structure Calculations and Photoemission Spectra: Towards a new understanding 3-Sep Ivan Corro What's a BEC - U(1) symmetry breaking to diagram resummation 10-Sep Thomas Jacques Illuminating Dark Matter through Indirect Detection 17-Sep Andrea Ruff Cosmic evolution of dark and luminous matter in galaxies It takes $\phi_2$ : Using an isospin analysis of the $B \rightarrow \pi\pi$ system to determine 17-Sep T'Mir Julius $\phi_2$ 24-Sep Tony Shao Why we built the LHC 1-Oct Anna Phan Searching for Supersymmetry using the ATLAS Detector 8-Oct Mark Bennett Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in Soft Gamma Repeater giant flares 8-Oct Rebecca Ryan A Brief History of Protein Crystallography 15-Oct Babs Fairchild Sculpting diamond 22-Oct Jessica Van Donkelaar Fabricating an array single donors in si via ion implantation 22-Oct Daniel Drumm Thermodynamic stability of neutral Xe defects in diamond 29-Oct Vivien Lee Targeted and Spectroscopic Techniques for Medical Imaging 12-Nov David Peake Beam Instabilities and Ring Diagnostics at the Australian Synchrotron

* Geoff Opat Seminar Series

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 25 july lecture program/ 2010 JULY LECTURE THEME 50th anniversary of the laser

26 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au outreachoutreach programs programs/ Inservice 2010

The School of Physics annually organises an In-Service Day in Physics for VCE Physics teachers.

The 2010 program was held on Friday 12th November, with over 100 teachers attending. The program included the following speakers:

This lecture on Quantum Mechanics is masterful. After covering the topic School of Physics, outlined in the VCE study-design, it leads on to give a wide view of the Professor Lloyd Hollenberg University of Melbourne field, and an inspiring overview of current research including his speciality of Quantum computing. Some 40% of VCE students have difficulties in understanding the concepts of Electromagnetic induction, including Lenz’ law and the operation of School of Physics, generators. This lecture will clarify these concepts in such a way that Dr Jeff McCallum University of Melbourne students should be able to understand them. An insight is given into the lecturers research, and the use of electro-magnetic fields in moving individual atoms within crystals. Australian Synchrotron uses were the focus for this presentation by Dr. Martin de Jonge, whose research uses the X ray fluorescence microprobe Dr Martin de Jonge Australian Synchrotron on one of the beam lines, telling of how the x-rays are produced, and how they are used in his research. School of Physics, Nick Nicola, designer-of-equipment extraordinaire, will displays a number of Nick Nicola University of Melbourne demonstrations that are relevant to the VCE Physics study.

Applied Optics Group The VCE study of Photonics, is particularly relevant in this age of computer networking. The lecturer will lead you through the Photonics study design, A/Prof Alex Mazzolini Leader, Swinburne and give an overview of information-transfer mechanisms via fibre optics. University In particular relating the topic to the National Broadband Network. Opportunity to meet with exam-setting panel to ask questions about the Ask the examiners... process whereby the exam is shaped.

July Lectures

2010 Theme: 50th anniversary of the laser july lecture This very popular series of free public lectures has a long and enviable history in the school. Presented by the School’s teaching and research staff, they are aimed at giving an insight into fundamental questions in physics, and advances in current research.

Head of Department, School of Friday The Invention of the Laser: from Einstein to program/ Professor David Jamieson School of Physics, University of 2-July holograms Melbourne Friday Astrophysics group, School of Lasers in Astronomy: from guidestars to ripples in Professor Stuart Wyithe 9-July Physics, University of Melbourne spacetime Friday Optics Group Leader, School of Professor Keith Nugent New Light on Bio Molecules: the free electron laser 16-July Physics, University of Melbourne Friday MARC Group Leader, School of The Solid State Laser: spanning continents and Dr Jeff McCallum 23-July Physics, University of Melbourne computer chips

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 27 physics lectures for vce students

To assist students taking Physics in years 11 and 12 of VCE the school of physics arranged the following free Physics lectures for 2010. The topics are directly relevant to the VCE Study Design. Several outstanding physicists, who practise in the various areas agree to present them. The lectures, each of about 1 hour duration, were held on Thursdays, at 6 pm in the Laby Theatre of the School of Physics.

School of Physics, VCE Unit 1, Feb-18 Prof. Rachel Webster Let's start with a Big Bang…Astrophysics University of Melbourne study 3.1, 3.2 VCE Unit 2 School of Physics, The Greeks and the English….Aristotle Mar-4 Dr. Roger Rassool study 1, University of Melbourne and Newton! Unit 3 study 1 School of Physics, Let's move in a circle….Grand Prix and VCE Unit 3, Mar-18 Dr. Jeff McCallum University of Melbourne satellites study 1 VCE Unit 1 Apr-15 A/Prof. Lachlan Thompson RMIT University Sustainable Energy…..Really? study 3.5 School of Physics, Relatively moving. Einstein's special VCE Unit 3, Apr-29 Prof. David Jamieson University of Melbourne relativity study 3.1 School of Physics, VCE Unit 1, May-13 Dr. Max. Thompson Energy from the Nucleus University of Melbourne study 3.3 Howard Florey Inst, VCE Unit 1, May-27 Dr. Gary Egan Physics and Medical diagnosis University of Melbourne study 3.6 School of Physics, VCE Unit 4, Aug-5 Prof. Lloyd Hollenberg Hi-Fi and Surround sound University of Melbourne study 3.3 VCE Unit 1, School of Physics, Aug-19 Nic. Nicola All about electricity study 2 , University of Melbourne Unit 4, study 1 VCE Unit 4, Sep-2 Dr. Alex Mazzolini Swinburne University Waves or particles study 2 VCE Unit 4, Sep-16 Dr. Mark Boland Australian Synchrotron The Synchrotron: How and Why. study 3.1 VCE Unit 2 Andrew Bowen and Dr. School of Physics, Oct-7 The broadband network: optics and fibres study 2, Roger Rassool University of Melbourne Unit 4 study 3.2 School of Physics, What goes up might come down: VCE Unit 2, Oct-21 A/Prof. Michelle Livet University of Melbourne Bernoulli study 3.6

28 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au alumnialumni & friends & friends/ We highly value the support we receive from our alumni for prizes and awards that support our staff and students as well as our potential building projects in the future

The School of Physics hopes to reconnect with its alumni and has started a rolling program of alumni reunions, the first being the 1970s Reunion...

class of 1970-79

On Friday 2 July, 2010 the School of Physics hosted a reunion for Physics honours and postgraduate students from the 1970s.

The reunion was planned to coincide with the evening of the first 2010 July Lectures in Physics which was presented by Professor David Jamieson and was deemed a success providing a wonderful opportunity for those who attended to take a walk down memory lane.

“One of those memories was asking another research student (Liz Reen) out to a concert in that tea room.

She said yes andmith we’re still together!” S Andrew

2011 will see a reunion of 1960s honours, masters and PhD graduates......

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 29 media/media

Members of the School of Physics were regularly featured in the media during 2010

2010 astro Media Commentary 27-Sept, MX BRISBANE, FEDL:Scientists make quantum breakthrough, 27-Sept, AAP NEWSWIRE; Professor Jeremy Mould, Living Physics in Super computer breakthrough, 28-Sept, Melbourne, 1-Sept, MATERIALS AUSTRALIA; John ILLAWARRA MERCURY; Preparation is the key Huchra dies at 61, 13-Oct, NEW YORK TIMES to nuclear option paying off, 6-Dec, AUSTRALIAN Professor Rachel Webster, The role reading has FINANCIAL REVIEW had in their lives, 30-Aug, RADIO NATIONAL THE A/Prof Michelle Livett, Model takes my breadth BOOK SHOW; away, 8-Dec, THE AUSTRALIAN; Capabilities outside the disciplinary comfort zone, 8-Dec, THE 2010 EPP Media Commentary AUSTRALIAN

A/Prof Martin Sevior, Sunken tanks could detect Professor Steven Prawer Defence Science nukes, 25-Nov, ABC SCIENCE partnership, 12-Apr, THE AGE; Appointment to Defence Institute, 11-Nov, THE HIGHER EDUATION Professor Geoff Taylor Scientists near Geneva UK; Rock Stars, 2-Dec, SYDNEY MORNING working to better understand what happened HERALD after the Big Bang, 31-Mar, 4BC GREG CARY MORNING SHOW; Launch of CoEPP, 7-Dec, MEDIA ALERT; Melbourne home to Big Bang centre, 2010 OPTICS Media Commentary 7-Dec, YAHOO! NEWS AUSTRALIA; Australian Dr Harry Quiney & Professor Keith Nugent brains join crash course to discovery, 8-Dec, THE Despite damage, membrance protein structure can AGE; Australian scientists to take part in big bang be seen using new X-ray technology, 20-Dec, MELB experiment, 8-Dec, ABC NATIOANL RADIO TONY UNI NEWS ROOM; RED ORBIT; NEWS GUIDE US; EASTLEY; Director General CERN launches $25M MDT; SCIENCE DAILY; SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING; ARC Centre on origins of universe; 8-Dec, UNIMELB Technique can see damaged proteins in membranes, NEWS ROOM 20-Dec, SOFTPEDIA Dr Martin White, CERN scientists with stars in Professor Keith Nugent, Federal light may shine on their eyes for Christmas, 14-Dec, SCOTTISH DAILY synchrotron, 21-Apr, THE AUSTRALIAN EXPRESS

2010 MARC Media Commentary 2010 TCMP Media Commentary Dr Kumar Ganesan Diamond as the best material Drs Andrew Greentree & Andy Martin, to build a bionic eye, 8-Dec, ABC 666 CANBERRA; Breaking time reversal symmetry with light, 11-Oct, Diamond shines as basis for bionic eye project, AMERCIAL PHYSICAL SOCIETY; 8-Dec, ABC NEWS Dr Andrew Greentree, Rock Stars, 2-Dec, SYDNEY Professor David Jamieson Large Hardon Collider, MORNING HERALD 30-Mar, ABC 891 ADELAIDE; Aussie Scientists in breakthrough on quantum computers, 27-Sept, BURNIE ADVOCATE TASMANIA; Scientists hail electron breakthough as quantum leap, 27-Sept, CANBERRA TIMES; Australians ahead in computer race, 27-Sept, BORDER MAIL; A quantum advance,

30 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au media/

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 31 researchResearch income income/ Research Income from continuing grants

Project Description Amount

DIIRD 2004 -Chantler (ISRP-11) $ 5,000

CC_ARC COE 05/10 - NUGENT $ 1,921,977

ARC FF 06/11- Nugent $ 342,710

DIISR (nee DEST) ISL 06/10- Chantler $ 6,820

ARC DP 07/11- Hollenberg $ 89,653

ARC DP 07/11- Wyithe $ 61,038

ARC DP 07/11- Taylor $ 325,128

ARC LE 07/11- Taylor $ 270,000

DIISR (nee DEST) ISL 07/10- Prawer $ 70,170

ARC LP 07/11- Nugent $ 86,701

ARC IP (Herma) 07/11- Nugent $ 16,000

ARC FF 07/12- Gherghetta $ 348,148

ARC DP 08/10- Allen $ 99,851

ARC DP 08/10- Huntington $ 90,291

ARC DP 08/10- Wyithe $ 147,653

ARC DP 08/10- Roberts $ 121,096

ARC DP 08/12- Taylor $ 141,706

ARC DP 08/10- Moloney $ 116,847

ARC DP 08/12- Greentree $ 188,673

ARC DP 08/10- Webster $ 125,345

ARC LX 08/10- Nugent $ 12,246

ARC CoE (Shared- UNSW) 08/- Jamieson $ 815,000

ARC DP 09/11 - Bolton $ 101,133

ARC DP 09/11 - HOLLENBERG $ 145,799

ARC DP 09/11 - VOLKAS $ 98,935

ARC DP 09/11 - VOLKAS DP0988343 $ 187,456

ARC DP (Shared-ANU) 09/11- McCallum $ 75,000

CEA (EC) 08/11- Jamieson: AFSID $ 197,783

ARC DP (Shared-ANU) 09/11- Melatos $ 43,334

ARC LP (Shared-UNSW) 09/12- Prawer $ 165,000

32 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au research Research Income from new grants

Project Description Amount income/ ARC DP 10/12 - BELL $ 61,245 ARC DP 10/12 - MOULD $ 122,490

ARC LP 10/12 - PRAWER $ 234,772

ARC DP 10/14 - PRAWER $ 224,566

ARC DP 10/12 - NUGENT $ 255,188

ARC DP 10/12 - LIMOSANI $ 107,179

ARC DP 10/12 - BARBERIO $ 91,868

ARC DP 10/12 - GHERGHETTA $ 112,283

AUST SYNCHROTRON 2010 - VINE $ 8,000

ARC 10/13 - WYITHE $ 46,400

ANU 10/13 - MCCALLUM $ 300,000

UW (ARC NON LEAD) 10/12 - JAMIESON $ 15,000

ARC 10/13 - PRAWER $ 781,248

SUT (ARC MIA) 09/11 - NUGENT $ 70,000

AUST SYNC 2010- ABBEY $ 11,300

CSIRO - PRAWER $ 300,000

Category 1 – Grants listed on Australian Competitive Grants Register Category 2 – Other Public Sector grants Category 3 – Australian Industry and Trusts, and International organisations

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 33 group reports & publications astrophysics/Astrophysics

Professor Rachel Webster Publications: Abadie J, Chung C, Melatos AM, Sammut L & In the middle of 2010, the University of Melbourne, Zweizig J. 2010. Calibration of the LIGO gravitational with partners at the universities of Western wave detectors in the fifth science run. Nuclear Australia, Sydney, ANU, Curtin and Swinburne Instruments and Methods in Physics Research were awarded a Centre of Excellence, CAASTRO. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors The key themes of this research centre are based and Associated Equipment. 624 (1): 223-240. around widefield surveys to understand the evolving Abadie J, Chung C, Melatos A, Sammut L & universe, the dark universe and the transitory Zweizig J. 2010. Search for gravitational waves from universe. The centre is lead by Professor Bryan compact binary coalescence in LIGO and Virgo data Gaensler of the University of Sydney. In addition, from S5 and VSR1. Physical Review D. 82: 102001. the group was delighted with the promotion of Andrew Melatos to Associate Professor and Reader. Abadie J, Chung C, Melatos A, Sammut L & Zwezig J. 2010. First search for gravitational waves from the Key achievements during the year included an youngest known neutron star. Astrophysical Journal. invitation by the highest impact astronomy journal, 722 (2): 1504-1513. the Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics (impact factor ~35) for Stuart Wyithe to review Abadie J, Chung C, Melatos A & Zweizig J. 2010. reionisation science. This was the first paper on Search for gravitational-wave inspiral signals reionisation science to appear in this premier review associated with short gamma-ray bursts during journal for 4 years. LIGO’s fifth and VIRGO’s first science run. Astrophysical Journal. 715: 1453-1461. Andrew Melatos and his PhD student, Anthony Abadie J, Chung CTY, Melatos A, Sammut L & van Eysden, analytically calculated the response of Zweizig J. 2010. All-sky search for gravitational-wave the superfluid inside a neutron star to a rotational. bursts in the first joint LIGO-GEO-Virgo run. Physical The theory correctly matches the glitch recovery Review D. 81: 102001. observed in radio telescope timing data for the Vela and Crab pulsars, provides a natural explanation for Abbott BP, Chung C, Melatos A & Zweizig J. 2010. the Crab overshoot, and produces new constraints Search for gravitational-wave bursts associated with on the viscosity and superfluid couplings in bulk gamma-ray bursts using data from LIGO science run nuclear matter, opening the way to new fundamental 5 and VIRGO science run 1. Astrophysical Journal. tests of quantum chromodynamics, the theory of 715: 1438-1452. the strong nuclear force, under physical conditions Abbott BP, Chung CTY, Melatos A & Stappers B. unattainable on Earth. 2010. Searches for gravitational waves from known pulsars with science run 5 LIGO data. Astrophysical Members of the Astrophysics group published a Journal. 713 (1): 671-685. total of 30 refereed papers. The group was also successful in obtaining three new ARC grants Barriga P, Blair DG, Coward D, Davidson J, Dumas (Melatos, DP; Mould, DP; Wyithe and Webster, J-C, Howell E, Ju L, Wen L, Zhao C, Mcclelland Superscience Fellowship). In addition, Mark Dijkstra DE, Scott SM, Slagmolen GJJ, Inta R, Munch J, (MPA) and Katie Mack (Cambridge) visited for Ottaway DJ, Veitch P, Hosken D, Melatos A, Chung extended periods, while Ned Taylor (Sydney) was a CTY, Sammut L, Galloway DK, Marx J, Whitcomb long-term visitor to the department. S, Shoemaker D, Hughes SA, Reitze DH, Iyer BR, Dhurandhar SV, Souradeep T, Unnikrishnan CS, Four students completed their PhDs during 2010: Rajalakshmi G, Man CN, Heidmann A, Cohadon P-F, Christine Chung, Sally Langford, Alpher Mastrano Briant T, Grote H, Danzmann K, Luck H, Willke B, and Adrian Melchiori. Stephen Petrie completed his Strain KA, Sathyaprakash BS, Cao J, Cheung Y-KE MPhil and is continuing his PhD in population health. & Zhang Y. 2010. AIGO: a southern hemisphere In addition, three students completed their MScs as part of the first cohort under the new Melbourne Model.

34 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au group reports & publications

Astrophysics

detector for the worldwide array of ground-based Spitzer space telescope observations of the 12 μm interferometric gravitational wave detectors. sample of active galaxies. Astrophysical Journal astrophysics/ Classical and Quantum Gravity. 27: 084005. Supplement Series. 187 (1): 172-211. Baum A, Gallimore F, O’Dea P, Buchanan C, Noel- James CW, Ekers RD, Alvarez-Muniz J, Bray JD, Storr , Axon J, Robinson , Moshe , Meghan & Mcfadden RA, Phillips CJ, Protheroe RJ & Roberts Shawn . 2010. Infrared Diagnostics for the Extended P. 2010. LUNASKA experiments using the Australia 12 μm Sample Of Seyferts. Astrophysical Journal. Telescope Compact Array to search for ultrahigh 710: 289-308. energy neutrinos and develop technology for the lunar Cherenkov technique. Physical Review D. 81: Baum SA, Gallimore JF, O’Dea CP, Buchanan C, 042003. Noel-Storr J, Axon DJ, Robinson A, Elitzur M, Dorn M & Staudaher S. 2010. Erratum: “Infrared Kastner JH, Buchanan C, Sahai R, Forrest WJ & diagnostics for the extended 12 μm sample of Sargent BA. 2010. The dusty circumstellar disks seyferts” (2010, ApJ, 710, 289). Astrophysical of b[e] supergiants in the magellanic clouds. Journal Supplement Series. 713 (1): 708-709. Astronomical Journal. 139 (5): 1993-2002. Bolton J, Becker GD, Wyithe J, Haehnelt MG & Landt H, Buchanan C & Barmby P. 2010. On the Sargent WLW. 2010. A first direct measurement dust geometry in radio-loud active galactic nuclei. of the intergalactic medium temperature around Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. a quasar at z=6. Monthly Notices of the Royal 408 (4): 1982-1997. Astronomical Society. 406 (1): 612-625. Landt H, Cheung CC & Healey SE. 2010. The optical Bonoli S, Shankar F, White SDM, Springel V & spectra of X-shaped radio galaxies. Monthly Notices Wyithe J. 2010. On merger bias and the clustering of of the Royal Astronomical Society. 408: 1103-1112. quasars. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Marshall HL, Hardcastle MJ, Birkinshaw M, Croston Society. 401 (1): 399-408. J, Evans D, Landt H, Lenc E, Massaro F, Perlman Cardamone CN, Dokkum PG, Urry CM, Taniguchi ES, Stawarz L, Siemiginowska A, Schwartz DA, Urry Y, Gawiser E, Brammer G, Taylor E, Damen M, CM & Worrall DM. 2010. A flare in the jet of Pictor A. Treister E, Cobb BE, Bond N, Schawinski K, Lira Astrophysical Journal. 714 (2): L213-L216. P, Murayama T, Saito T & Sumikawa K. 2010. The Melatos A & Peralta C. 2010. Gravitational radiation Multiwavelength Survey by Yale–Chile (MUSYC): from hydrodynamic turbulence in a differentially Deep Medium-Band Optical Imaging And High- rotating neutron star. Astrophysical Journal. 709 (1): Quality 32-Band Photometric Redshifts in the 77- 87. ECDF-S. Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 189 (2): 270-285. Morales F & Wyithe JSW. 2010. Reionization and Cosmology with 21-cm Fluctuations. Annual Review Dijkstra M & Wyithe J. 2010. Seeing through of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 48: 127-171. the trough: outflows and the detectability of Lyα emission from the first galaxies. Monthly Notices of Mould J & Spitler L. 2010. The stellar population the Royal Astronomical Society. 408: 352-361. and metallicity distribution of the Sombrero galaxy. Astrophysical Journal. 722 (1): 721-724. Floyd D, Axon D, Baum S, Capetti A, Chiaberge M, Madrid J, O’Dea CP, Perlman E & Sparks W. 2010. Murphy T, Sadler EM, Ekers RD, Massardi M, Hubble Space Telescope near-infrared snapshot Hancock PJ, Mahony E, Ricci R, Burke-Spolaor S, survey of 3cr radio source counterparts. III. Radio Calabretta M, Chhetri R, De Zotti G, Edwards PG, galaxies and quasars in context. Astrophysical Ekers JA, Jackson CA, Kesteven MJ, Lindley E, Journal. 713 (1): 66-81. Newton-Mcgee K, Phillips C, Roberts P, Sault R, Staveley-Smith L, Subrahmanyan R, Walker MA & Floyd D, Thomas-Osip J & Prieto G. 2010. Seeing, Wilson WE. 2010. The Australia Telescope 20 GHz Wind, and Outer Scale Effects on Image Quality at Survey: the source catalogue. Monthly Notices of the Magellan Telescopes. Astronomical Society of the Royal Astronomical Society. 402 (4): 2403-2423. the Pacific Publications. 122: 731-742. Ord S, Webster R & Williams C. 2010. Gallimore JF, Yzaguirre A, Jakoboski J, Stevenosky Interferometric Imaging with the 32 Element MJ, Axon DJ, Baum SA, Buchanan C, Elitzur M, Murchison Wide-Field Array. Astronomical Society Elivis M, O’Dea CP & Robinson A. 2010. Infrared of the Pacific Publications. 122: 1353-1366. spectral energy distributions of Seyfert galaxies:

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 35 Pritchard JR, Loeb A & Wyithe J. 2010. Constraining Wyithe J, Hopkins AM, Kistler MD, Yuksel H & reionization using 21-cm observations in combination Beacom JF. 2010. Determining the escape fraction with CMB and Lyα forest data. Monthly Notices of of ionizing photons during reionization with the GRB- the Royal Astronomical Society. 408: 57-70. derived star formation rate. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 401 (4): 2561-2471. Rodriguez-Mueller B, Peralta C, Barreto W & Rosales L. 2010. Heat flow in the postquasistatic approximation. Physical Review D. 82: 044003. Rosales L, Barreto W, Peralta CA & Rodriguez- Mueller RB. 2010. Nonadiabatic charged spherical evolution in the postquasistatic approximation. Physical Review D. 82 (8): 084014. Sokolov A, Kieu T & Melatos A. 2010. A note on the theory of fast money flow dynamics. European Physical Journal B. Condensed Matter and Complex Systems. 76: 637-642. Sokolov A, Melatos A & Kieu T. 2010. Laplace transform analysis of a multiplicative asset transfer model. Physica A - Statistical Mechanics and its Applications. 389: 2782-2792. Srbinovsky JA & Wyithe J. 2010. The Fraction of Ionizing Photons Escaping from High-Redshift Galaxies. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 27: 110-123. Taylor E, Franx M, Glazebrook K, Brinchmann J, Van Der Wel A & Van Dokkum P. 2010. On the dearth of compact, massive, red sequence galaxies in the local universe. Astrophysical Journal. 720 (1): 723- 741. Tonini C, Maraston C, Thomas D, Devriendt J & Silk J. 2010. Hierarchical models of high-redshift galaxies with thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch stars: comparison with observations. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 403 (4): 1749-1758. Trott CM, Treu T, Koopmans LVE & Webster R. 2010. Stars and dark matter in the spiral gravitational lens 2237+0305. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 401 (3): 1540-1551. Vigelius M & Melatos A. 2010. Gravitational-wave spin-down and stalling lower limits on the electrical resistivity of the accreted mountain in a millisecond pulsar. Astrophysical Journal. 717: 404-410. Wette K, Vigelius M & Melatos A. 2010. Sinking of a magnetically confined mountain on an accreting neutron star. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 402 (2): 1099-1110. Wyithe J & Brown MJI. 2010. The halo occupation distribution of HI from 21-cm intensity mapping at moderate redshifts. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 404 (2): 876-884.

36 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au group reports & publications

experimental particle physics (EPP)

Prof GEOFF TAYLOR well as does the grid-based distributed computing model that provides world-wide computing The academics of the EPP group are Elisabetta resources to the ATLAS experiment. The highlight Barberio, Roger Rassool, Martin Sevior and Geoff of the ATLAS Physics results from 2010 was the Taylor. Our activities span experimental particle observation of a large dijet asymmetry in heavy-ion physics, detector development, accelerator physics collisions. This result is a powerful probe of the research and computing grid development. The properties the quark-gluon plasma at the highest cornerstones of our research are the ATLAS and temperatures ever obtained. Belle experiments at CERN in Switzerland and The Melbourne contribution during the year has KEK in Japan respectively. In addition Dr. Rassool been directed to data studies, software, alignment leads a very active group developing advanced and Physics analyses in the di-lepton and di-tau particle detectors and innovations in accelerator channels. Some are of these are listed below: physics. We also undertake research into distributed computing. We were well supported by Drs Antonio Software: Antonio Limosani (Melbourne Postdoctoral Limosani, Ulrich Felzmann and Martin White as Fellow) was the ATLAS Inner Detector software Research Associates in 2010. Tim Dyce maintains update release coordinator. Anthony Morley our ATLAS “Tier 2” grid computing facility. Tom (Melbourne Ph.D. candidate) has developed Fifield is a software engineer working on Distributed software to use particle tracks from collisions for Computing with Martin Sevior. Bryn Sobot detector alignment. completed his Ph.D. in 2010 and now works as a Calibration: Nadia Davidson (Melbourne Ph.D. Research Associate with Roger Rassool. student) and David Jennens (Melbourne Masters The highlight of 2010 was the winning of the ARC student) have been developing a method to calibrate Center of Excellence for Particle Physics at the the Hadronic calorimeter using low energy tracks Terascale. This major center funded by the ARC for available from the first collisions of the LHC. $25 Million over 7 years brings together groups from Background studies: The discovery of new physics the University of Melbourne, Monash University, the will not be possible until the response of the University of Sydney and the University of Adelaide detector to well known processes is understood. to study the data collected by the ATLAS experiment Ulrich Felzmann, Will Davey (Melbourne PhD, at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Geneva. completed 2010) are investigating backgrounds to ATLAS processes whose signatures include tau leptons. The past 12 months has seen the ATLAS experiment Higgs to Tau Tau: Tony Shao (Melbourne Ph.D. complete the transition to an operating experiment student) is searching for Higgs particle via its decay employing the highest energy collider ever built, the to the di-tau channel. This is a particularly promising Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva, mode for discovery. Switzerland. This is the culmination of over 20 years of effort from initial concepts, R&D, technology Search for Super-symmetry: Martin White (Melbourne validation, detection, construction, commissioning RA) and Anna Phan (Melbourne Ph.D. student) and alignment to actual data collection. In 2010 are performing an analysis to search for super- proton-proton collisions commenced at Centre symmetric particles via the di-lepton channel. of Mass energy of 7 TeV. The luminosity was ATLAS has developed a computing grid continuously increased over the year to reach an infrastructure to process the large amounts of instantaneous peak of 2.1x1032 cm-2sec-1. The total data expected. Melbourne hosts the Australia integrated ATLAS luminosity for proton-proton Tier 2 computing grid node at the University’s collisions was 45 pb-1. In addition 9.5 µb-1 of data Queensberry St data-centre. The Tier 2 centre is were collected in a very fruitful heavy-ion run in managed by Tim Dyce and Tom Fifield.. It was the November/December, 2010. first internationally connected grid site in Australia, The ATLAS detector has performed superbly. As of making it possible for Australian reserchers to March 6, 2011, 14 Physics papers have already been immediately participate in data analysis. Anthony published and another 9 have been accepted. This Morley, Will Davey and Nadia Davidson completed rapid turn-around from data collected to published their Ph.D.’s in 2010. results is a sign that the ATLAS experiment works www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 37 group reports & publications experimental particle physics (EPP)

Belle In delivering resources into the ATLAS experiment, Belle is the experiment at the KEK asymmetric the TIER2 site based here at Melbourne connected electron-positron accelerator which provides the into the EGI grid sustained reliability and availability world highest luminosity collider and makes copious figures above 95% throughout the year, providing numbers of B-mesons. Belle has made numerous more than 1.3 million CPU hours into to the grid and discoveries since it commenced data collection moving more than 380 Terabytes of data in, and 21 in 1999, including the observation of CP violation Terabytes of data out of the site. in B-meson decays, the first such measurement Locally the group represented the World Wide outside the neutral kaon system. The significance LHC Computing grid at The Third IEEE International of Belle was recognized by the 2008 Nobel Prize Scalable Computing Challenge, at The 10th IEEE/ for Physics, awarded to Nambu, Kobayashi and ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud Maskawa for “the discovery of the origin of the broken and Grid Computing. The team has fostered groups symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three in Neuropsychiatry and Earth Science into cluster families of quarks in nature”. The citation prominently computing, and is working with the eResearch group highlights the results of Belle. The EPP group has within ITS to ensure that Physics researchers have played a major role in the Belle collaboration and access to appropriate University HPC resources. The has significantly contributed to the success of this team is continuously engaged national initiatives, experiment. such as ARCS, NeCTAR and RDSI, working closely After 11 years of superb performance the KEKB with them to inform process. accelerator was shut down to make way for the Tom Fifield and Martin Sevior continued their SuperKEKB collider. SuperKEKB is designed to leadership of the Belle II Distributed Computing deliver 40 times the luminosity of KEKB. This group. The Belle II Distributed Computing solution enables sensitive searches for New Physics by builds upon the established DIRAC1 and gLite2 performing precision measurements of CP-violation middleware stacks. We have extended DIRAC to and particle decays. However the complete analysis allow it to submit to the Open Science Grid, which is of the full Belle data set has not yet been performed. widely deployed in the USA and to Cloud resources, Consequently Belle will enter a period of intense initially the commercial Amazon Elastic Computing data analysis even while most members of the Cloud (EC2). This substantially lowers the barriers of collaboration work hard to build the new experiment entry for sophisticated applications to grid computing Belle II. Perhaps the most exciting development as it is not necessary to install the complex and in this regard is a new full-reconstruction data- rapidly changing libraries and their dependencies sample that doubles the previous Belle sample. throughout the grid. Furthermore we have achieved This will benefit many statistics limited analyses, interoperability between virtualized Cloud resources, particularly those with neutrinos in the final state. general grid resources which employ 3 different Belle continues to be a very active collaboration and flavours of grid middlewear and local computing published 30 papers in 2010. clusters. The ability to submit to virtual resources T’Mir Julius continues her Ph.D. project: provided by Cloud vendors is particularly important Measurement of BR and Direct CP violation in given the growing interest in providing these B→π0π0 resources to the Academic community.

Distributed Computing. Our solution was employed as part of the Belle 2010 saw the EPP computing team continue Monte-Carlo production program in 2010. Using a to support the research activities of the group, combination of gLite grid sites, commercial Cloud by tracking the evolution of the grid computing resources from Amazon EC2 and local computer paradigm enabling the research at CERN. The year clusters we generated over 270 million simulated saw the emergence of a new European grid entity; events for the Belle experiment. Our investigations The European Grid Initiative (EGI), and an off-shot have been reported in 6 conference presentations, project for engaging with self funded partners, is the subject of an Amazon.com case study, was EGI-Inspire. The team negotiated the entry of The reported in Australian IT and in a University of University into EGI-Inspire, ensuring Australia’s Melbourne podcast. continued involvement with one of the world’s (Endnotes) largest computing grids. More than just a member 1 DIRAC: http://lhcbweb.pic.es/DIRAC/ of EGI-Inspire, the team has working to develop and 2 gLite: http://glite.cern.ch/ test the middleware underlying the EGI grid.

38 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Publications: Aad G, Barberio L, Davey W, Davidson N, Felzmann CUF, Hanninger GN, Kazi SI, Kubota T, La Rosa MO, Limosani AL, Moloney GR, Morley A, Phan A, Sevior M, Shao Q, Taylor G, Tovey SN & Zutshi V. 2010. Readiness of the ATLAS liquid argon calorimeter for LHC collisions. European Physical Journal C. 70: 723-753.

Aad G, Barberio L, Davey W, Davidson N, Felzmann CUF, Hanninger GN, Kazi SI, Kubota T, Limosani AL, Moloney GR, Morley A, Phan A, Sevior M, Shao Q, Taylor G, Tovey SN & Zutshi V. 2010. Drift Time Measurement in the ATLAS Liquid Argon Electromagnetic Calorimeter using Cosmic Muons. European Physical Journal C. 70: 755-785. epp/ Aad G, Barberio L, Davey W, Davidson N, Felzmann Adachi I, Barberio L, Julius T, Sevior M, Urquijo PU, Wedd RH & Zupanc A. 2010. CUF, Hanninger GN, Kazi SI, Kubota T, Limosani AL, Observation of Bs0 → Ds(*)+ Ds(*)- Using e+e- Collisions and a Determination of Moorhead GF, Morley A, Phan A, Sevior M, Shao Q, the Bs-B(overbar)s Width Difference ΔΓs. Physical Review Letters. 105: 201802. Taylor G & Zutshi V. 2010. Measurement of the W → lν and Z ⁄ γ* → ll production cross sections in proton- Adachi I, Barberio L, Julius T, Sevior M & Zyukova O. 2010. First Measurement of proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS Inclusive B → Xsη Decays. Physical Review Letters. 105: 191803. detector. Journal of High Energy Physics. 12: 060. Ahn S, Cho K, Hwang S, Kim BK, Jang H, Kim JH, Yoon H, Yu J, Drasal Z, Hara Aad G, Barberio L, Davey W, Davidson N, Felzmann T, Iida Y, Itoh R, Iwai G, Katayama N, Kawai Y, Nishida S, Sasaki T, Watase Y, CUF, Hanninger GN, Kazi SI, Kubota T, Limosani AL, Fruhwirth R, Mitaroff W, Grzymkowski R, Sitarz M, Palka H, Zdybal M, Heck Moorhead GF, Morley A, Phan A, Sevior M, Shao M, Kuhr T, Rohrken M, Bracko M, Lee S, Kiesling C, Moll A, Prothmann K, Q, Taylor G & Zutshi V. 2010. Performance of the Nakazawa H, Fifield TMF, Sevior MES & Stanic S. 2010. Design of the Advanced ATLAS detector using first collision data. Journal of Metadata Service System with AMGA for the Belle II Experiment. Korean High Energy Physics. 09: 056. Physical Society. Journal. 57 (4): 715-724.

Aad G, Barberio L, Davey W, Davidson N, Felzmann Antonelli M, Limosani A, Urquijo P & Zupan J. 2010. Flavor physics in the quark CUF, Hanninger GN, Kubota T, Limosani AL, Morley sector. Physics: spotlighting exceptional research. 494: 197-414. A, Phan A, Sevior M, Shao Q, Taylor G & Zutshi Aushev T, Julius TD, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2010. Study of the B → X(3872)(→ V. 2010. Commissioning of the ATLAS Muon D*0D(overbar)0)K decay. Physical Review D. 81: 031103. Spectrometer with cosmic rays. European Physical Journal C. 70: 875-916. Boland JN, Li XS, Rassool RP & Hay D. 2010. Characterisation of Diamond Composites for Tooling. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society. 46 (1): 1-10. Aad G, Barberio L, Davey W, Davidson N, Felzmann CUF, Hanninger GN, Kubota T, Limosani AL, Morley Boland JN, Li XS, Rassool RP, Macrae CM, Wilson NC, Elbracht-Leong S, Luzin A, Phan A, Sevior M, Shao Q, Taylor G & Zutshi V, Imperia P & Sobott B. 2010. Wear resistance and microstructural study of V. 2010. The ATLAS Simulation Infrastructure. diamond coated WC tools. Materials Science Forum. 654-656: 2527-2530. European Physical Journal C. 70: 823-874. Bozek A, Taylor GNT, Wedd RH & Zupanc A. 2010. Observation of B+→ Aad G, Barberio L, Davey W, Davidson N, Felzmann D(bar)*0τ+ντ and evidence for B+→ D(bar)0τ +ντ at Belle. Physical Review D. 82: CUF, Kubota T, Limosani AL, Hanninger GN, Morley 072005. A, Phan A, Sevior M, Shao Q, Taylor G & Zutshi V. Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Aligning the CMS muon chambers 2010. The ATLAS Inner Detector commissioning and with the muon alignment system during an extended cosmic ray run. Journal of calibration. European Physical Journal C. 70: 787- Instrumentation. 5: T03019. 821. Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Alignment of the CMS muon Aad G, Barberio L, Davey W, Davidson N, Limosani system with cosmic-ray and beam-halo muons. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: A, Phan A, Sevior M, Taylor G, White MJW & T03020. Zwalinski L. 2010. Observation of a Centrality- Dependent Dijet Asymmetry in Lead-Lead Collisions Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Alignment of the CMS silicon at√snn = 2:76 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the tracker during commissioning with cosmic rays. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: LHC. Physical Review Letters. 105: 252303. T03009.

Aad G, Barberio L, Davey WE, Davidson NM, Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Calibration of the CMS drift tube Felzmann C, Hanninger GN, Kubota T, Limosani A, chambers and measurement of the drift velocity with cosmic rays. Journal of Moorhead G, Morley AK, Phan ATT, Sevior M, Shao Instrumentation. 5: T03016. QT, Taylor G, Volpi M & Zutshi V. 2010. Charged- Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. CMS data processing workflows particle multiplicities in pp interactions at √ s = 900 during an extended cosmic ray run. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: T03006. GeV measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Physics Letters B. 688: 21-42. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 39 group reports & publications experimental particle physics (EPP)

Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Commissioning of the CMS experiment and the Performance study of the CMS barrel resistive cosmic run at four tesla. Journal of Instrumentation. plate chambers with cosmic rays. Journal of 5: T03001. Instrumentation. 5: T03017.

Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Precise Commissioning of the CMS High-Level Trigger with mapping of the magnetic field in the CMS barrel cosmic rays. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: T03005. yoke using cosmic rays. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: T03021. Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Fine synchronization of the CMS muon drift- Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. tube local trigger using cosmic rays. Journal of Time reconstruction and performance of the Instrumentation. 5: T03004. CMS electromagnetic calorimeter. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: T03011. Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Identification and filtering of uncharacteristic Chiang C-C, Barberio L, Limosani A, Sevior M, noise in the CMS hadron calorimeter. Journal of Urquijo P & Zyukova O. 2010. Search for B0 → Instrumentation. 5: T03014. K*0K(overbar)*0, B0 → K*0K*0 and B0 → K+πK(mp) π± decays. Physical Review D. 81: 071101. Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Measurement of the muon stopping power in lead Das A, Barberio L, Julius T, Sevior M & Zyukova O. tungstate. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: P03007. 2010. Measurements of branching fractions for B0→ Ds+π- and B(over-bar)0 → Ds+K-. Physical Review Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. D. 82: 051103.Drutskoy A, Julius TD, Sevior M & Performance and operation of the CMS Zupanc A. 2010. Measurement of ϒ(5S) decays to electromagnetic calorimeter. Journal of B0 and B+ mesons. Physical Review D. 81: 112003. Instrumentation. 5: T03010. Etschmann BE, Ryan CGR, Brugger J, Kirkham Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. R, Hough RM, Moorhead GFM, Siddons DP, De Performance of CMS hadron calorimeter timing Geronimo G, Kuczewski A, Dunn P, Davey P, Jensen and synchronization using test beam, cosmic ray, M, De Jonge MD, Paterson D & Howard DL. and LHC beam data. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: 2010. Reduced As components in highly oxidized T03013. environments: Evidence from full spectral XANES Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. imaging using the Maia massively parallel detector. Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in American Mineralogist. 95: 884-887. cosmic-ray events. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: Fujikawa M, Barberio L, Julius TD, Taylor G, Urquijo T03022. P, Wedd RH & Zupanc A. 2010. Measurement of CP Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. asymmetries in B0 → K0π0 decays. Physical Review Performance of the CMS cathode strip chambers D. 81: 011101. with cosmic rays. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: Hara K, Barberio L, Julius T, Limosani A, Sevior M, T03018. Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2010. Evidence for B- → Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. t-ν(over-bar)τ with a semileptonic tagging method. Performance of the CMS drift tube chambers with Physical Review D. 82: cosmic rays. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: T03015. Hayasaka K, Sevior M, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Zyukova O. 2010. Search for lepton-flavor-violating τ Performance of the CMS drift-tube chamber local decays into three leptons with 719 million produced trigger with cosmic rays. Journal of Instrumentation. τ+τ− pairs. Physics Letters B. 687: 139-143. 5: T03003. Hyun HJ, Barberio L, Sevior M, Wedd RH & Zyukova Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. O. 2010. Search for a Low Mass Particle Decaying Performance of the CMS hadron calorimeter with into μ+μ- in B0 → K*0X and B0 → p0X at Belle. cosmic ray muons and LHC beam data. Journal of Physical Review Letters. 105: 091801. Instrumentation. 5: T03012. Joshi NJ, Barberio L, Julius TD, Sevior M, Taylor G, Chatrchyan S, Felzmann C & White A. 2010. Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2010. Measurement of the Performance of the CMS Level-1 trigger during branching fractions for B0 → D*s+π- and B0 → D*s- commissioning with cosmic ray muons and LHC K+ decays. Physical Review D. 81: 031101. beams. Journal of Instrumentation. 5: T03002.

40 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Ko BR, Barberio L, Sevior M, Taylor G & Zyukova O. 2010. Search for CP Violation in the Decays D+(s) → K0Sπ+ and D+(s) → K0SK+. Physical Review Letters. 104: 181602.

Lee MJ, Barberio L, Julius TD, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2010. Measurement of the branching fractions and the invariant mass distributions for τ- → h-h+h-ντ. Physical Review D. 81: 113007. Louvot R, Barberio L, Sevior M, Taylor G & epp/ Zyukova O. 2010. Observation of B0s →D*s-π+ and B0s →Ds(*)-ρ+ and Measurement of the array: The benefits and challenges of large solid-angle. Nuclear Instruments and B0s →D*sρ+ Longitudinal Polarization Fraction. Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors Physical Review Letters. 104: 231801. and Associated Equipment. 619: 37-43.

Miyazaki Y, Barberio L, Julius TD, Sevior M & Ryan C, Kirkham R, Siddons DP, Dunn PA, Laird J, Kuczewski A, Moorhead Zyukova O. 2010. Search for lepton flavor violating G, De Geronimo G, Davey P, Jensen M, Paterson DJ, De Jonge MD, Howard τ- decays into l-K0s and l-KosKos. Physics Letters B. DL & Hough RM. 2010. The Maia 384 detector array in a nuclear microprobe: 692: 4-9. A platform for high definition PIXE elemental imaging. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Miyazaki Y, Barberio L, Julius TD, Taylor G, Urquijo Atoms. 268: 1899-1902. P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2010. Search for lepton flavor and lepton number violating τ decays into a Sakai K, Barberio L, Limosani A, Sevior M, Taylor G, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. lepton and two charged mesons. Physics Letters B. 2010. Search for CP-violating charge asymmetry in B± → J/ψK± decays. Physical 682: 355-362. Review D. 82: 091104.

Nakahama Y, Julius T, Sevior M, Wedd RH & Zupanc Schubert A, O’Keefe G, Sobott B, Kirby NM & Rassool R. 2010. Characterisation A. 2010. Measurement of CP violating asymmetries of individual pixel efficiency in the PILATUS II sensor. Radiation Physics and in B0 → K+K-KS0 decays with a time-dependent Chemistry. 79: 1111-1114 Dalitz approach. Physical Review D. 82: 073011. Sevior M, Fifield T & Katayama N. 2010. Belle monte-carlo production on the Peake D & Rassool RP. 2010. Preliminary operational Amazon EC2 cloud. Journal of Physics - Conference Series. 219: 012003. experiences of a Bunch-by-bunch transverse Shen C, Julius T, Sevior M, Wedd RH & Zyukova . 2010. Search for charmonium feedback system at the Australian synchrotron. In and charmoniumlike states in Y(1S) radiative decays. Physical Review D. 82: Kurokawa S & Oide K(eds), The 1st International 051504. Particle Accelerator Conference. 2743-2745. Geneva, Switzerland: CERN - European Organization Shen CP, Barberio L, Julius TD, Sevior M, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. for Nuclear Research. 2010. Evidence for a New Resonance and Search for the Y(4140) in the γγ→φJ/ω Process. Physical Review Letters. 104: 112004. Peng C, Barberio L, Julius T, Limosani A, Sevior M, Taylor G, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2010. Search for Uehara S, Sevior M, Urquijo P, Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2010. Observation of a Bs0 → hh decays at the ϒ(5S) resonance. Physical Charmoniumlike Enhancement in the γγ→ωJ/ψ Process. Physical Review Letters. Review D. 82: 072007. 104: 092001.

Petric M, Barberio L, Julius TD, Limosani A, Sevior Urquijo P, Barberio L, Limosani A, Sevior M, Taylor G, Wedd RH & Zivko . M, Taylor G & Zupanc A. 2010. Search for leptonic 2010. Measurement of |Vub| from Inclusive Charmless Semileptonic B Decays. decays of D0 mesons. Physical Review D. 81: Physical Review Letters. 104: 021801. 091102. Volpi M. 2010. ATLAS tile calorimeter data quality assessment and performance Poluektov A, Barberio L, Julius TD, Sevior M, with calibration, cosmic and first beam data. Nuclear Instruments and Methods Wedd RH & Zyukova O. 2010. Evidence for direct in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and CP violation in the decay B± → D(*) K±, D → Associated Equipment. 617: 123-125. K0Sπ+π- and measurement of the CKM phase φ3. Wedd RH, Barberio L, Limosani A, Sevior M, Taylor G, Urquijo P & Zyukova O. Physical Review D. 81: 112002. 2010. Evidence for B → η`γ decays at Belle. Physical Review D. 81: 111104. Ryan C, Kirkham R, Hough RM, Moorhead G, Siddons DP, De Jonge MD, Paterson DJ, De Geronimo G, Howard DL & Cleverley JS. 2010. Elemental X-ray imaging using the Maia detector

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 41 group reports & publications marc/micro-analytical research centre (MARC)

dr jeff mccallum The CQCT’s quantum device (Ion Beam) program at the University of Melbourne works in close collaboration with the quantum device program The Microanalytical Research Centre (MARC) at the University of New South Wales. Over the undertakes research in the areas of advanced past decade the group has perfected an integrated materials and device fabrication and characterisation. method of counting single atoms into silicon devices Research strengths are predominantly in the that is a very reliable form of deterministic doping. A areas of silicon and diamond materials and device highlight of 2010 has been the publication in Nature development, with a particular focus on ion beam of the paper “Single-shot readout of an electron spin processing and ion beam analysis. 2010 marked the in silicon”, A. Morello et al. Nature 467, 687–691, end of an era as the Australian Research Council 2010. This paper is the culmination of this teams Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computer work on transfer of single electrons between a gate- Technology (CQCT), which has been a dominant defined quantum dot structure and a small number part of the research effort in the MARC group for of phosphorus donors implanted nearby and is a the past ten years, reached the end of its funding milestone in the development of solid-sate quantum life. Gratifyingly, a new research alliance, locally lead computing devices. Locally, the MARC group has by Prof. Lloyd Hollenberg and Prof. David Jamieson, also worked on further development of a scanned that brings together core components of the CQCT nano-scale aperture system that collimates an ion program and a range of new programs in quantum beam to less than 100 nm and allows nanometer communications was successful in the recent round scale arrays of implanted dopants to be achieved. of Centre of Excellence bids. The CoE for Quantum This system will, when it is fully functional, provide Computation and Communications Technology, precise control over the location of single ion CQC2T will commence operation in 2011. Over the implants and is expected to be an important tool for past ten years the CQCT has enjoyed considerable further developments in deterministic doping. international success for its groundbreaking research into quantum device development and measurement The CQCT’s Materials Program at the University and this research will continue and extend into of Melbourne utilises a number of defect new areas in CQC2T. The experimental programs characterization techniques in order to provide undertaken by the MARC group in the areas of process control for the Centre and to provide advice single ion implantation, lead by Prof. Jamieson, to the Centre on optimal processing strategies and for single atom quantum bit (qubit) formation and defect control in its device structures. In 2010, materials characterisation and development, lead the electron capture cross-section, for interfacial by Dr Jeff McCallum will continue, along with the traps at the silicon-dioxide /silicon interface, and its theory programs lead by Prof. Hollenberg. In other temperature dependence was measured for Centre research, Prof. Jamieson also leads the Melbourne oxides. Carrier recombination has an important contribution to the Atomic Functionalities in Silicon impact on device performance and has prompted Devices (AFSiD) project that is funded through many studies on the carrier capture cross section. the European Union Seventh Framework and the However, reported values vary widely possibly diamond group within MARC is lead by Prof. Steven due to a poor interpretation of experimental results Prawer with considerable input from Dr Andrew or a dependence of the capture cross section on Greentree. This group has a strong international the growth conditions of the oxide so this was an reputation in the field of diamond-based quantum important measurement which would allow better optics and quantum computing and its involvement comparison of Centre oxides with those from other in the consortium awarded $42M in 2009 to develop sources. the bionic eye has been a major research focus throughout 2010. The MARC group also has strong The diamond group receives considerable national research linkages with the Australian National and international recognition for its work on University, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology development of optical centres in diamond for and other research groups worldwide. potential applications in quantum computing and for its work in engineering of diamond structures. In 2010, the groups work on a new diamond optical centre, a Cr-related centre, continued to receive international attention resulting in the following 42 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au publication in Physical review B: I. Aharonovich, et W & Kalantar-Zadeh K. 2010. Synthesis of al. Chromium single-photon emitters in diamond Nanostructured Tungsten Oxide Thin Films: A fabricated by ion implantation, PRB, 81, 121201, Simple, Controllable, Inexpensive, Aqueous Sol-Gel 2010. The group’s work on MeV and focused ion Method. Crystal Growth & Design. 10: 430-439. beam processing of diamond to form free-standing Butcher RT, Turnbull MM, Landee CP, Shapiro A, membranes, waveguide, photonic and cavity Xiao F, Garrett D, Robinson WT & Twamley B. structures continues to develop and has strong 2010. Crystal Structure and Magnetism of a Well international and industry linkages in this important marc/ Isolated 2D-Quantum Heisenberg Antiferromagnet, area for future quantum optical and engineering (Quinolinium)2CuBr4·2H2O, and Its Anhydrous applications of diamond. The group’s involvement in Form. Inorganic Chemistry. 49: 427-434. the consortium that secured $42M funding from the Australian government to develop the bionic eye has Castelletto SAC, Aharonovich I, Gibson BCG, been a flagship program in 2010 and their work on Johnson BCJ & Prawer SP. 2010. Imaging and development of an electrically-conductive diamond Quantum-Efficiency Measurement of Chromium electrode array to interface with the optic nerve has Emitters in Diamond. Physical Review Letters. 105: enjoyed considerable success and good press. 217403. Castelletto S, Aharonovich I, Su C & Prawer S. 2010. The Education Infrastructure Fund/Superscience Impurities in Diamond- a new revival for quantum Heavy Ion Accelerator Project, which is jointly optics. In Meyers RE, Shih Y & Deacon KS(eds), managed between ANU and University of Proceedings of SPIE. 7815 1-9. Washington, United Melbourne, commenced funding in the latter half States: SPIE - The International Society for Optical of 2009 and will provide $1.3M over the next three Engineering. years to develop equipment and resources for the Pelletron laboratory. This important funding boost Cervenka JC & Flipse CFJ. 2010. Fullerene will revitalise and restore a key component of our monolayer formation by spray coating. core infrastructure and there are a number of exciting Nanotechnology. 21; 065302. developments planned for 2011. During 2010, as the Cervenka JC, Ledinsky M, Stuchlik J, Stuchlikova H, bionic eye and other projects have gotten underway, Bakarjieva S, Hruska K, Fejfar & Kocka J. 2010. The an influx of new postdoctoral fellows has arrived in structure and growth mechanism of Si nanoneedles the MARC group and this has bought a new wave prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor of enthusiasm and ideas to the group which augurs deposition. Nanotechnology. 21: 415604. well for an exciting and productive 2011. Cervenka JC, Ledinsky M, Stuchlikova H, Stuchlik J, Vyborny Z, Holovsky J, Hruska K, Fejfar A & Kocka J. Publications: 2010. Ultrasharp Si nanowires produced by plasma- enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Physica Status Aharonovich I, Castelletto S, Johnson B, Mccallum Solidi (A). 4 (1-2): 37-39. J, Simpson D, Greentree A & Prawer S. 2010. Cervenka JC, Van Der Ruit K & Flipse CFJ. 2010. Chromium single-photon emitters in diamond Giant inelastic tunneling in epitaxial graphene fabricated by ion implantation. Physical Review B. mediated by localized states. Physical Review B. 81: 81: 121201. 205403. Aharonovich I, Castelletto S, Simpson D, Greentree Cervenka JC, Ven Der Ruit K & Flipse K. 2010. A & Prawer S. 2010. Photophysics of chromium- Effect of local doping on the electronic properties of related diamond single-photon emitters. Physical epitaxial graphene on SiC. Physica Status Solidi (A). Review A. 81: 043813. 207 (3): 595-598. Aharonovich I & Prawer S. 2010. Fabrication Charnvanichborikarn S, Villis BJ, Johnson B, Wong- strategies for diamond based ultra bright single Leung J, Mccallum J, Williams JS & Jagadish photon sources. Diamond and Related Materials. 19: C. 2010. Effect of boron on interstitial-related 729-733. luminescence centers in silicon. Applied Physics Belton D & Raab M. 2010. Cretaceous reactivation Letters. 96: 051906. and intensified erosion in the Archean–Proterozoic Deam L, Johnson BCJ & Mccallum JCM. 2010. Limpopo Belt, demonstrated by apatite fission Deep-level transient spectroscopy study of track thermochronology. Tectonophysics. 480 (1-4): channelled boron implantation in silicon. In Hoe 99-108. Tan H(ed), Conference on Optoelectronic and Boag A, Taylor RJ, Muster TH, Goodman N, Microelectronic Materials and Devices Proceedings. Mcculloch D, Ryan CGR, Rout B, Jamieson D 157-158. New York, United States: IEEE - Institute of & Hughes AE. 2010. Stable pit formation on Electrical and Electronic Engineers. AA2024-T3 in a NaCl environment. Corrosion Doherty MW, Hossain F & Hollenberg L. 2010. The Science. 52: 90-103. foundations of the defect-molecule model of the Breedon M, Spizzirri P, Taylor M, Du Plessis J, N–V center in diamond. Physics Procedia. 3 (4): Mcculloch D, Zhu J, Yu L, Hu Z, Rix C, Wlodarski 1525-1532. 43 group reports & publications micro-analytical research centre (MARC)

Drumm D, Per MC, Russo SP & Hollenberg L. 2010. and future applications. In Broquin J & Greiner Thermodynamic stability of neutral Xe defects in CM(eds), PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE. 7604 1-2. diamond. Physical Review B. 82: 054102. Washington, United States: SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. Etschmann BE, Ryan CGR, Brugger J, Kirkham R, Hough RM, Moorhead GFM, Siddons DP, De Huebl H, Nugroho CD, Morello A, Escott CC, Geronimo G, Kuczewski A, Dunn P, Davey P, Jensen Eriksson MA, Yang C, Jamieson D, Clark RG & M, De Jonge MD, Paterson D & Howard DL. Dzurak AS. 2010. Electron tunnel rates in a donor- 2010. Reduced As components in highly oxidized silicon single electron transistor hybrid. Physical environments: Evidence from full spectral XANES Review B. 81: 235318. imaging using the Maia massively parallel detector. Hutchison WD, Spizzirri P, Hoehne F & Brandt MS. American Mineralogist. 95: 884-887. 2010. Electrically Detected Magnetic Resonance Etschmann B, Liu W, Testemale D, Muller H, Rae Applied to the Study of Near Surface Electron N, Proux O, Hazemann JL & Brugger J. 2010. An in Donors in Silicon. In Sohnel T(ed), Proceedings of situ XAS study of copper(I) transport as hydrosulfide the 34th Annual Condensed Matter and Materials complexes in hydrothermal solutions (25–592 °C, Meeting. 1-4. Melbourne, Australia: Australian 180–600 bar): Speciation and solubility in vapor and Institute of Physics. liquid phases. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. Johnson B, Caradonna P, Pyke DJ, Mccallum J & 74: 4723-4739. Gortmaker P. 2010. Hydrogen in amorphous Si and Flavel BS, Garrett D, Lehr J, Shapter JG & Ge during solid phase epitaxy. Thin Solid Films. 518: Downard AJ. 2010. Chemically immobilised carbon 2317-2322. nanotubes on silicon: Stable surfaces for aqueous Johnson BCJ, Leong ML, Kandasamy S, Holland A electrochemistry. Electrochimica Acta. 55: 3995- & Mccallum JCM. 2010. Nickel germanide formation 4001. via solid phase epitaxial regrowth of amorphous Flavel BS, Gross AJ, Garrett D, Nock V & Downard germanium. In Hoe Tan H(ed), Conference on AJ. 2010. A Simple Approach to Patterned Protein Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Immobilization on Silicon via Electrografting from Devices Proceedings. 165-166. New York, United Diazonium Salt Solutions. ACS Applied Materials and States: IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronic Interfaces. 2 (4): 1184-1190. Engineers. Fox K, Kumar S, Dutta NK, Smart RStC, Voelcker Johnson BCJ, Mastromatteo M, Desalvador D, NH & Anderson GI. 2010. X-ray photoelectron Napolitani E, Carnera A & Mccallum JCM. 2010. spectroscopy study of the growth kinetics of Modeling of Hydrogen Diffusion And Segregation in biomimetically grown hydroxyapatite thin-film Amorphous Silicon During Solid Phase Epitaxy. ECS coatings. Applied Surface Science. 256: 7178-7185. Transactions. 33 (11): 157-164. Garrett D, Flavel BS, Shapter JG, Baronian KHR & Johnson BCJ, Stavrias NS, Kandasamy S, Pyke D, Downard AJ. 2010. Robust Forests of Vertically Holland A & Mccallum JCM. 2010. Recent Insights Aligned Carbon Nanotubes Chemically Assembled In Solid Phase Epitaxy Of Silicon And Germanium. on Carbon Substrates. Langmuir. 26 (3): 1848-1854. ECS Transactions. 33 (11): 237-248. Greentree A, Aharonovich I, Castelletto S, Doherty Johnson BCJ, Tettamanzi GC, Yang CY, Alves ADA, M, Mcguinness L & Simpson D. 2010. 21st-Century Van Donkelaar J, Thompson SCT, Verduijn J, Mol JA, Applications of Nanodiamonds. United States: Wacquez R, Vinet M, Dzurak AS, Sanquer M, Rogge Optical Society of America. S & Jamieson DNJ. 2010. Single Ion Implantation Into Si-Based Devices. ECS Transactions. 33 (11): Greentree A & Prawer S. 2010. Yellow lasers: A little 179-189. diamond goes a long way. Nature Photonics. 4: 202- 203. Johnson B, Mccallum J, Willems Van Beveren LH & Gauja E. 2010. Deep level transient spectroscopy Halioua Y, Bazin A, Monnier P, Karle TK, Sagnes study for the development of ion-implanted silicon I, Roelkens G, Van Thourhout D, Raineri F & Raj field-effect transistors for spin-dependent transport. R. 2010. III-V photonic crystal wire cavity laser Thin Solid Films. 518: 2524-2527. on silicon wafer. Journal of the Optical Society of America B - Optical Physics. 27 (10): 2146-2150. Johnson B, Tettamanzi GC, Alves A, Thompson SC, Yang C, Verduijn J, Mol JA, Wacquez R, Vinet M, Hiscocks MP, Ladouceur F, Su C, Ganesan KG, Sanquer M, Rogge S & Jamieson D. 2010. Drain Gibson BCG, Greentree ADG, Hollenberg LCH & current modulation in a nanoscale field-effect- Prawer SP. 2010. Accessing diamond waveguides transistor channel by single dopant implantation. 44 Applied Physics Letters. 96: 264102. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Karle TK, Halioua Y, Raineri F, Monnier P, Braive R, Le Gratiet L, Beaudoin G, Sagnes I, Roelkens G, Raj R, Van Thourhout D & Van Laere F. 2010. Heterogeneous integration and precise alignment of InP-based photonic crystal lasers to complementary metal-oxide semiconductor fabricated silicon- on-insulator wire waveguides. Journal of Applied Physics. 107: 063103. Laird J, Johnson B, Ganesan K, Kandasamy S, Davidson G, Borg S & Ryan C. 2010. Impurity mapping in sulphide minerals using Time-resolved Ion Beam Induced Current imaging. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. 268: 1903-1910. marc/ Laird J, Onoda S, Hirao T & Edmonds L. 2010. Quenching of impact ionization in heavy-ion induced Mottonen M, Tan KY, Chan KW, Zwanenburg FA, electron-hole pair plasma tracks in wide bandwidth Lim WH, Escott CC, Pirkkalainen J-M, Morello A, avalanche photodetectors. Journal of Applied Yang C, Van Donkelaar JA, Alves A, Jamieson D, Physics. 107: 084501. Hollenberg L & Dzurak AS. 2010. Probe and control Lee KC, Sussman J, Nunn J, Lorenz VO, Reim K, of the reservoir density of states in single-electron Jaksch D, Walmsley IA, Spizzirri P & Prawer S. devices. Physical Review B. 81: 161304. 2010. Comparing phonon dephasing lifetimes in Muller L, Waldorf M, Madsen A, Grubel G, Finlayson diamond using Transient Coherent Ultrafast Phonon T & Klemradt U. 2010. X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy. Diamond and Related Materials. 19: Spectroscopy Applied to the Study of a Martensitic 1289-1295. Transformation. In Sohnel T(ed), Proceedings of Lee KK & Jamieson D. 2010. Characterization the 34th Annual Condensed Matter and Materials of silicon polycrystalline solar cells at cryogenic Meeting. 1-6. Melbourne, Australia: Australian temperatures with ion beam-induced charge. Solar Institute of Physics. Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 94: 2405-2410. Nistor C, Cojocaru C, Karle TK, Raineri F, Trull J, Lehr J, Garrett D, Paulik MG, Flavel BS, Brooksby Raj R & Staliunas K. 2010. Lossless backward PA, Williamson BE & Downard AJ. 2010. Patterning second-harmonic generation of extremely narrow of Metal, Carbon, and Semiconductor Substrates subdiffractive beams in two-dimensional photonic with Thin Organic Films by Microcontact Printing crystals. Physical Review A. 82: 033805. with Aryldiazonium Salt Inks. Analytical Chemistry. Orwa J, Aharonovich I, Jelezko F, Balasubramanian 82: 7027-7034. G, Balog P, Markham M, Twitchen DJ, Greentree Martelli C, Canning J, Khoury T, Skivesen N, A & Prawer S. 2010. Nickel related optical centres Kristensen M, Huyang G, Jensen P, Neto C, Sum in diamond created by ion implantation. Journal of T, Hovgaard M, Gibson B & Crossley M. 2010. Self- Applied Physics. 107: 093512. assembled porphyrin microrods and observation of Orwa J, Greentree A, Aharonovich I, Alves A, Van structure-induced iridescence. Journal of Materials Donkelaar J, Stacey A & Prawer S. 2010. Fabrication Chemistry. 20 (12): 2310-2316. of single optical centres in diamond—a review. Michaelson Sh, Stacey A, Akhvlediani R, Prawer S Journal of Luminescence. 130: 1646-1654. & Hoffman A. 2010. High resolution electron energy Orwa J, Peng , Mccallum J, Jamieson D, Rubanov loss spectroscopy surface studies of hydrogenated S & Prawer S. 2010. Microstructure evolution in detonation nano-diamond spray-deposited films. carbon-ion implanted sapphire. Journal of Applied Surface Science. 604: 1326-1330. Physics. 107: 023508. Michaelson Sh, Stacey AD, Orwa J, Cimmino A, Paradownska AM, Price JWH, Finlayson T, Rogge Prawer S, Cowie BCC, Williams OA, Gruen DM & RB, Donaberger RL & Ibrahim R. 2010. Comparison Hoffman A. 2010. Bulk and surface thermal stability of Neutron Diffraction Measurements of Residual of ultra nanocrystalline diamond films with 10–30 Stress of Steel Butt Welds With Current Fitness-for- nm grain size prepared by chemical vapor deposition. Purpose Assessments. Journal of Pressure Vessel Journal of Applied Physics. 107: 093521. Technology. 132: 051503. Morello A, Pla JJ, Zwanenburg FA, Chan KW, Tan Paradowska AM, Price JWH, Finlayson T, Lienert CY, Huebl H, Mottonen M, Nugroho CD, Yang C, U & Ibrahim R. 2010. Comparison of Neutron and Van Donkelaar J, Alves A, Jamieson D, Escott C, Synchrotron Diffraction Measurements of Residual Hollenberg L, Clark R & Dzurak A. 2010. Single-shot Stress in Bead-on-Plate Weldments. Journal of readout of an electron spin in silicon. Nature. 467 Pressure Vessel Technology. 132: 011502. (7316): 687-691. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 45 group reports & publications

micro-analytical research centre (MARC)

Paradowska , Price , Finlayson TRF & Ibrahim . 2010. Tan KY, Chan KW, Mottonen M, Morello A, Yang astrophysics/Evaluation of Residual Stress Measurements Before C, Van Donkelaar JA, Alves A, Pirkkalainen J-M, and After Post-Weld Heat Treatment in the Weld Jamieson D, Clark RG & Dzurak AS. 2010. Transport Repairs. Journal of Physics - Conference Series. 251: Spectroscopy of Single Phosphorus Donors in a 012050. Silicon Nanoscale Transistor. Nano Letters. 10: 11-15. Podd GJ, Angus S, Williams DA & Ferguson AJ. 2010. Charge sensing in intrinsic silicon quantum Tettamanzi GC, Potenza A, Rubanov S, Marrows dots. Applied Physics Letters. 96: 082104. CH & Prawer S. 2010. Reply to comment on ‘Superconducting transition in Nb nanowires Pyke DJ, Mccallum J & Johnson B. 2010. Hydrogen fabricated using focused-ion beam’. Nanotechnology. refinement during solid phase epitaxy of buried 21: 168002. amorphous silicon layers. Journal of Applied Physics. 108: 044901. Tomljenovic-Hanic S, Aharonovich I, Castelletto S, Fairchild B, Ganesan K, Gibson B, Greentree A, Remes Z, Kromka A, Vanecek M, Bobcenko O, Orwa J, Rubanov S, Simpson D, Stacey A & Prawer Stuchlikova T-H, Cervenka JC, Hruska K & Trung TQ. S. 2010. Towards All-Diamond Optical Devices. In 2010. The optical absorption of metal nanoparticles Jaworski M & Marciniak M(eds), 12th Interinational deposited on ZnO films. Physica Status Solidi (A). Conference on Transparent Optical Networks. 1-4. 207 (7): 1722-1725. Chennai, India: IEEE. Ryan C, Kirkham R, Hough RM, Moorhead G, Van Donkelaar J, Greentree A, Alves A, Jong L, Siddons DP, De Jonge MD, Paterson DJ, De Hollenberg L & Jamieson D. 2010. Top-down Geronimo G, Howard DL & Cleverley JS. 2010. pathways to devices with few and single atoms Elemental X-ray imaging using the Maia detector placed to high precision. New Journal of Physics. 12: array: The benefits and challenges of large solid- 065016. angle. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Wasyluk J, Perova TS, Lau DWM, Taylor MB, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 619: 37-43. Mcculloch DG & Stopford J. 2010. Ultraviolet and visible Raman analysis of thin a-C films grown Ryan C, Kirkham R, Siddons DP, Dunn PA, Laird J, by filtered cathodic arc deposition. Diamond and Kuczewski A, Moorhead G, De Geronimo G, Davey Related Materials. 19: 514-517. P, Jensen M, Paterson DJ, De Jonge MD, Howard DL & Hough RM. 2010. The Maia 384 detector array Willems Van Beveren LH, Tan KY, Lai NS, Dzurak AS in a nuclear microprobe: A platform for high definition & Hamilton AR. 2010. Overlapping-gate architecture PIXE elemental imaging. Nuclear Instruments & for silicon Hall bar field-effect transistors in the low Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam electron density regime. Applied Physics Letters. 97: Interactions with Materials and Atoms. 268: 1899- 152102. 1902. Yang C & Jamieson D. 2010. Investigation of Ryan PJR, Johnson BCJ & Mccallum JCM. 2010. avalanche silicon detectors for low energy single Photoluminescense of Band P doped Si nanocrystals ion implantation applications. Nuclear Instruments fabricated by ion implantation. In Hoe Tan H(ed), & Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Interactions with Materials and Atoms. 268: 2034- Materials and Devices Proceedings. 85-87. New 2037. York, United States: IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Yang , Riseborough , Modic , Fisher , Oppeil , Electronic Engineers. Finlayson TRF, Cooley , Smith , Goddard , Lashley Shafiei M, Spizzirri P, Arsat R, Yu J, Du Plessis J, & Silhanek . 2010. Influence of Magnetic Fields on Dubin S, Kaner RB, Kalantar-Zadeh K & Wlodarski W. Structural Martensitic Transitions. Journal of Physics 2010. Platinum/Graphene Nanosheet/SiC Contacts - Conference Series. 200: 032062. and Their Application for Hydrogen Gas Sensing. Yeats C, Belton D, Laird J & Ryan C. 2010. Mapping Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 114: 13796-13801. elemental distributions in submarine hydrothermal Spizzirri P. 2010. Fibre-optic confocal microscopy sulfide smokers using proton induced X-ray and flourescence lifetime imaging applications. emission. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Saarbruchen, Germany: lambert Academic Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Publishing. Materials and Atoms. 268: 2129-2132. Stacey A, Cowrie CC, Orwa J, Prawer S & Hoffman A. 2010. Diamond C 1s core-level excitons: Surface sensitivity. Physical Review B. 82 (12): 125427. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au grgrououpp r reeppoorrttss & & p publicublicaationtionss

armicc centro-arnea lyticof exacellencel research centre (MARC) astrophysics/ cqct/for Quantum computer technology (CQCT)

Professor lloyd environmental and control errors with relatively high thresholds. Austin Fowler et al developed a highly hollenberg robust quantum communication protocol based on Deputy Director and Melbourne topological error correction. This theory program Node Director has also produced the first nearest neighbour array error threshold over 1%, several orders of magnitude The Centre for Quantum Computer Technology better than the original Steane code thresholds, and (CQCT) was successfully extended as a new is significant for the physical realisation of quantum Centre of Excellence – the Centre for Quantum computing. Computation and Communication Technology Quantum measurement in a living (CQC2T) – with funding to the end of 2017. The cell – McGuinness et al, Nature School of Physics retains its place as a significant Nanotechnology 2011 node within the CQC2T structure with Lloyd Hollenberg taking up the role of centre Deputy CQCT researchers in the School Director. The School hosts centre programs in have achieved the first quantum quantum device theory, quantum sensing, and measurement of a single quantum deterministic atom implantation, involving 6 spin qubit in a living cell. The postdoctoral fellows and 11 research students. application of single spin qubit For the final year of CQCT there were a number of technology as sensors in biological significant research highlights: systems has received considerable attention in recent years. Of Single electron spin readout – Morello particular interest is the nitrogen- et al, Nature 2010 vacancy defect in diamond. Probably the most significant breakthrough towards However, until now there had been silicon qubit technology, the achievement of the no demonstration of the ability to readout of a single electron spin associated with a control the quantum properties of phosphorus donor in the nitrogen-vacancy spin qubit at silicon opens the way room temperature in a biological for coherent control environment. A team initiated and and manipulation led by Lloyd Hollenberg comprising of electron spins as researchers from CQCT and including researchers qubits. School of from across the University campus in Chemistry Physics researchers (Paul Mulvaney), Chemical and Biomolecular were involved in Engineering (Frank Caruso, Annie Yan), Quantum this work through Optics (Robert Scholten) and the Materials atom implantation Institute (Steven Prawer) successfully incorporated of the donors (David nanodiamonds containing nitrogen-vacancy qubits Jamieson, Changyi into a living human cancer (HeLa) cell and carried Yang, Jessica out quantum measurements and orientation tracking van Donkelaar) based on the quantum properties of the probe. and supporting Electric field sensing using a single background theory quantum spin in diamond – Dolde et al, (Lloyd Hollenberg). Nature Physics 2011 Topological corrected quantum Based on theory developed by PhD student Marcus communication – Fowler et al, Physical Doherty, researchers at Stuttgart University have Review Letters 2010 demonstrated the surprising fact that the magnetic One of the most exciting developments in quantum spin levels of the nitrogen-vacancy centre in error correction over the past few years has been diamond can be exploited as a nanoscale electric the discovery of topological encoding which protects field sensor. This opens up a new pathway for the information encoded in physical qubit arrays from application of this system to sensing electric fields in nano-environments at room temperature, including www.physics.unimelb.edu.au biological systems. 47 group reports & publications mmi/MELBOURNE MATERIALS INSTITUTE (mim)

Funding Under this scheme, the successful applicants are ARC projects invited to be co-supervised by a researcher at CSIRO. Supported PhD projects encompass diverse The MMI supported a number of successful topics including generation of electricity from waste ARC Linkage and Discovery grants (totalling to heat using thermoelectric, production and application $9,229,000), including research in bionic vision of nanostructured advance metals and alloys, science and technology, advanced fluorescence plasmonic nanoantenna and quantum computing, imaging facility, fabrication strategies for diamond- and the role of the embryo in intergenerational based quantum devices, designing the quantum transmission of cardiomyocyte deficits. classical interface, diamond-based UV emitting devices, and quantum computer technology. Partnerships MMI Interdisciplinary Seed Funding Defence Science Institute The MMI was pleased to support nine successful In October 2010, the MMI has launched the Defence bids for the 2010 Interdisciplinary Seed-Funding Science Institute (DSI), the new strategic partnership Scheme, awarding each project between $10,000 established between the University of Melbourne and $40,000. The supported research teams will and the Defence Science and Technology focus on achieving the following goals: Organisation (DSTO), to tackle the complex • Fabricating metal nanowire metamaterials challenges faced by the Australian Defence Force (materials that allow to control of the (ADF). Under the leadership of Professor Steven propagation of light) to create an ‘invisibility’ Prawer, Director of the MMI and the interim Director cloak. of the DSI, the Institute has brought together • Detecting free radicals and oxidative stress in researchers from Bio 21, the Parkville Neurosciences cultural materials using quantum dots (aka Facility, the DSTO, National ICT Australia (NICTA), semiconductor nanocrystals) to bring insight other Victorian universities and industry partners into their conservation. to work towards future-proofing the nation’s • Developing “Theragnostic” Nanodiamonds: defence sciences. The issues the Institute tackle fluorescent biomarkers for quantum sensing include bioterrorism, human platforms, signature and therapeutic delivery in living cells. management, energy & propulsion systems, radar on a chip, and data management. • Strengthening Titania nanoparticle networks for solar cells. Bionic Vision Australia • Understanding degenerative changes in Melbourne Materials Institute (MMI) is a member osteoarthritis. of the $42 million Bionic Vision Australia (BVA) • Engineering the removal of asbestos fibres from consortium. BVA is developing a bionic eye to the lung. restore some sense of vision to people with • Developing ‘STAR Nanobombs’ (drug delivery degenerative forms of vision impairment, such vehicles) for targeted and effective cancer as retinitis pigmentosa or age-related macular eradication. degeneration. Two prototypes are currently being developed: a wide-view neurostimulor device • Producing Nanolens arrays for sensitive high- and a high- acuity neurostimulator device. The resolution fluorescence microscopy. MMI team, led by Professor Steven Prawer, is • Developing bacterial colonies as living ion working in collaboration with researchers from sponges for the removal of heavy metal toxins NICTA on the development of biocompatible, from waste water. high-density electrode arrays for the high-acuity device. The electrode array is based on nitrogen- MMI-CSIRO PhD Scholarships doped ultrananocrystalline diamond and will be In partnership with the CSIRO Division of Materials encapsulated in a biocompatible and thermally- Science and Engineering, the MMI has launched insulating diamond case. an initiative to offer six competitive tax-free PhD scholarships of AUD $30,000 p.a. and fee remission for the duration of three and a half years to outstanding local and international students pursuing doctorate research in materials science from 2011. 48 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au group reports & publications

arc centre of excellence cxs/for coherent x-ray science (CXS)

tania smith - chief The outstanding achievements of CXS members were recognised by a number of prestigious operating officer awards. The Deputy Director, Professor Leann Tilley, was awarded the Bancroft-Mackerras 2010 has been another year of outstanding Medal of the Australian Society of Parasitology for achievements for the ARC Centre of Excellence for her contributions to malaria Research. The 2010 Coherent X-ray Science (CXS). The Centre continues David Syme Prize for Research was awarded to to adhere to its commitment to achieve an inter- Associate Professor Harry Quiney for his work on disciplinary research collaboration of the highest biomolecular imaging. Associate Professor Rob international standing while engaging with the Scholten was awarded the Alan Walsh Medal broader Australian community through its outreach for his services to industry by the Australian program. Institute of Physics and made a presentation to We were privileged, for example, to have hosted a the AIP Congress about MOGlabs, the company lunch with Nobel Laureate, Professor Ada Yonath, formed to commercialise this research. Dr Connie at the Lorne Protein Structure and Function Meeting Darmanin received the 2010 Payne-Scott Award (7-11 February). She spoke inspirationally to a which commemorates a champion of the rights group of women protein scientists of her passion of working women at CSIRO. We also heartily for research in biomolecular chemistry. We were congratulate Associate Professor Andrew Peele, able to convey a similar passion for curiosity-driven the leader of the CXS Experimental Methods research to secondary school students through Program, on his appointment in December 2010 to the Growing Tall Poppies (GTP) initiative, which a national leadership role as the Science Director is a partnership involving Santa Maria College of the Australian Synchrotron. Northcote, CXS and Akorn Education Services. This The Centre is fortunate in having access to the program provides an authentic research experience wise counsel of a Scientific Advisory Board who for students to demystify the transition between are deeply committed to the continuing success secondary school and a university environment. It is of CXS. We thank Professor John Helliwell, Dr clear from the comments of the participants that this Stephen Lane and Professor Bonnie Wallace for program is of immense value to both the students having maintained their involvement with our and their CXS mentors. We were particularly activities over what is now a long period of time fortunate to have had the active participation of two and over distances that have always been very distinguished physicists, Professor Henry Kapteyn long indeed. and Professor Margaret Murnane of the University of Colorado, in our end of year GTP Conference event. A number of initiatives were undertaken in 2010 Margaret gave the students a personal and uplifting in the field of super-resolution fluorescence insight into her research as a physicist, encouraging microscopy, in which we are providing leadership all of the students at the event to persevere if their to the Australian biological imaging community. goal is to achieve a career in science. CXS organized a Super-Resolution Optical Microscopy Workshop at the Melbourne The video “Röntgen: A bright spark” produced by Convention Centre on 1 October as part of ten students from St Helena’s School, funded by the international OzBio2010 Conference. The CXS and the Victorian Department of Education and workshop was attended by leading physicists, Early Childhood Development and developed by chemists and biologists in this field and offered our node at La Trobe University won the prestigious a glimpse of the potential of these emerging ‘Sleek Geek’ Eureka Prize for 2010. The winners imaging technologies. The Centre is actively were treated to a glamorous award ceremony, where participating in the development of these they met the original Sleek Geek, Dr Karl Kruszelnicki technologies through its laser physics programs and a number of eminent Australians. We are proud and through its management of the Cellular Nano- of the success of our outreach program and the Imaging Consortium (CNIC). We are committed positive impact that it is having on the lives of young Australians.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 49 group reports & publications arc centre of excellence for coherent x-ray science (CXS)

to ensuring that all Victorian scientists have access to the super-resolution microscopy tools that they require to be internationally competitive as research leaders.

The application of X-ray free-electron laser technologies in biological imaging promises to revolutionise the determination of biomolecular structures for rational drug design in pharmacology. Therefore, we are delighted that CXS signed a Memorandum of Understanding with our colleague Professor Tetsuya Ishikawa of the RIKEN Harima Institute, Spring-8 Centre, Japan. Our regional engagement included the invitation of CXS members as invited speakers at the 3rd Asia-Pacific Workshop on XFEL Science in Hokkaido during October; we will reciprocate this honour by organising the 4th Workshop of the series in Cairns in August 2011.

This was the first year in which the Attosecond Physics The Ultracold Plasma Source team Program at Griffith University has been an official node of CXS and we warmly welcome the group leaders Associate Professor David Kielpinski and Associate Professor Robert Sang, their staff and students to the Centre. This project is already producing impressive results, including fundamental studies of the strong-field interaction physics of atomic hydrogen and a scheme to measure time intervals measured in zeptoseconds! The group were gracious hosts of an enjoyable workshop in Brisbane and we are looking forward to a fruitful collaboration involving our newest CXS node.

The research across CXS has been outstanding, especially in the quality of publications produced in highly-ranked journals. There have been many invitations to international conferences and we have developed a stronger presence in the international X-ray and optical imaging communities. It is particularly pleasing to note that we can now point to strong collaborations and a Science at work number of inter-disciplinary publications across the physical, chemical and biological sciences. It is our view that this success is a direct consequence of the openness of our collaboration and the importance that we place on frequent communication between the nodes. It hasn’t always been an easy process, but there is no doubt that our claim to be world-leaders in this field is supported by our achievements.

Thanks to all of the participants of CXS for creating and maintaining such an exciting and vibrant research environment. We are excited by what can be achieved when physicists and biologists set their minds to working together. It is a strong indication that the collaborations within CXS are growing stronger and is a positive indicator for the success of future interdisciplinary collaborations within Australia. CXS student office www.coecxs.org

50 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au group reports & publications optics

Associate Professor Robert Scholten High-harmonic diffraction data obtained using the CXS facilities based at Swinburne. Research into plasmonics and metamaterials, led by This image was highlighted in the Kaleidoscope section of the Physical Review optics/website. Ann Roberts and supported by an ARC Discovery Project, has also led to the development of a new can be created in arbitrary shapes by appropriate nanophotonic metamaterials. In particular, a paper patterning of the excitation laser beam, and because in Nano Letters described a compact plasmonic the electrons are so cold, that pattern is retained lens that produces a three dimensional focus. The during propagation (see figure). We used the work was recognised with the award of a new ARC patterning ability to create a sinusoidal pattern of Discovery Project commencing in 2011 investigating electrons, and precisely characterised the spatial active optical nanoantennas. Dr Daniel Gomez was coherence of the source from measurements of the also successful in receiving a Australian Research visibility of the pattern after propagation. The Alan Council Australian Postdoctoral Fellowship to Walsh Medal for services to industry was awarded study quantum dot spacers. Ann Roberts and to Robert Scholten in 2010 by the Australian Institute Keith Nugent continued with their work on an ARC of Physics, for commercialisation of developments funded Linkage Project in collaboration with Herma in laser technology which stem from the ultracold Technologies aiming at developing novel front- plasma project. projection screens. During 2010 research fellow, Dr Jessica Kvansakul has led the fabrication and testing The X-ray, atomic and condensed matter physics several novel designs. group [Chris Chantler, Zwi Barnea], had great successes in attracting large ARC DP funds In the diamond quantum sensing project, led by on advanced X-ray developments, and a major Robert Scholten, we demonstrated quantum $1.5M LIEF grant to foster access to synchrotrons measurement and orientation tracking of fluorescent especially for the X-ray community across Australia. nanodiamonds inside living cells. The experiments During 2010, we published an 19 papers in high- used optically detected magnetic resonance of profile journals including PRL on diverse topics individual fluorescent nanodiamond nitrogen- including new relativistic atomic theory, transition vacancy centres inside living human cancer cells, metals, new condensed matter theory on cluster to measure their location, orientation, spin levels analysis and especially papers in JPC Letters on the and spin coherence times with nanoscale precision. first experimental data for low energy Inelastic Mean Quantum coherence was measured through Rabi Free Paths of photoelectrons, with applications to and spin-echo sequences over long periods, and X-ray science and microscopy; our citations for the orientation was tracked with 1° angular precision year exceeded 240. Chantler’s international roles over acquisition times less than 100ms. have also been very fruitful, including especially The ultracold plasma cold electron experiment is a taking over as Editor-in-Chief of the international collaboration with the TCMP group (ARC Discovery interdisciplinary journal Radiation Physics and Project High-resolution electron diffraction imaging Chemistry, which also saw its impact factor jump by for the nanosciences; Allen, Nugent, Roberts and almost 30%. Excitement has also continued relating Scholten) and with the ARC Centre of Excellence in to XERT (created by Chantler, Barnea and students), Coherent X-ray Science. In 2010 we demonstrated the non-destructive measurement of nano- Figure below: Plasmonic lenses fabricated in silver films of thickenss the unique capabilities of a new source of ultracold roughness (Chantler, Glover et al.) and the incipient 140 nm and designed to have and spatially coherent electrons, developed at field of inelastic mean free path measurement. geometric focal lengths of (a) +15 mm Melbourne. Laser-cooled and trapped atoms are 2010 also saw the publication of a major new test of and (b) -15 mm and operate at 850 first excited with an on-resonant infrared laser, and Quantum Electro-Dynamics in hydrogenic vanadium. nm. The holes are separated by 400 the excited atoms are then photoionised with a More exciting results are being actively developed by nm. Meridional slices (25 × 15 mm) through the 3D intensity distribution blue laser pulse tuned precisely to the ionisation the experimental students in the group. (c) produced by lens (a), and (d) by (b). threshold. Electrons are released with almost zero excess energy, such that their temperature is only 10 Kelvin and their corresponding coherence length is 10 nanometres, sufficient for diffraction imaging of large bio-molecules. The initial electron bunch www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 51 group reports & publications optics

Publications: D’Orazio J, Pearson J, Schultz T, Sidor , Best W, Goodfellow M, Scholten RS & White D. 2010. Barnea Z, Chantler C, De Jonge MD, Stevenson AW Measuring the speed of light using beating & Tran C. 2010. Resonant x-ray scattering and x-ray longitudinal modes in an open-cavity HeNe laser. absorption: closing the circle? In Mckellar BHJ & American Journal of Physics. 78 (5): 524-528. Amos K (eds), In celebration of K C Hines. Singapore: Dao LV, Teichmann S, Chen B, Dilanyan R, Dinh KB World Scientific Publishing Co , pp. 35-44 . & Hannaford P. 2010. Extreme ultraviolet radiation Bell SC, Junker M, Jasperse M, Turner LD, Lin for coherent diffractive imaging with high spatial Y-J, Spielman IB & Scholten R. 2010. A slow atom resolution. Science China Physics, Mechanics & source using a collimated effusive oven and a single- Astronomy. 53 (6): 1065-1067. layer variable pitch coil Zeeman slower. Review of Davis JA, Cannon E, Van Dao L, Hannaford P, Quiney Scientific Instruments. 81: 013105. H & Nugent K. 2010. Long-lived coherence in Belnoue JP, Jun , Hofmann , Abbey BA & Korsunsky carotenoids. New Journal of Physics. 12: 085015. AM. 2010. Evaluation of the overload effect on Dilanyan RD, Williams GA, Whitehead L, Vine DJV, fatigue crack growth with the help of synchrotron Peele AJ, Balaur E, Mcnulty I, Quiney HMQ & XRD strain mapping. Engineering Fracture Nugent KAN. 2010. Coherent diffractive imaging: Mechanics. 77 (16): 3216-3226. a new statistically regularized amplitude constraint. Bourke J & Chantler C. 2010. Finite differenceme New Journal of Physics. 12: 093042. thodcalculationsoflong-rangeX-rayabsorptionfine Duadi H, Margalit O, Zalevsky Z & Sarafis V. 2010. structure forcopperover k ≈ 20 A° -1. Nuclear Optimized extended depth of focus simulated Instruments and Methods in Physics Research analysis for confocal microscopy. Optical Society Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors of America Journal A - Optics Image Science and and Associated Equipment. 619: 33-36. Vision. 27 (6): 1378-1384. Bourke J & Chantler C. 2010. Measurements of Etschmann B, Liu W, Testemale D, Muller H, Rae Electron Inelastic Mean Free Paths in Materials. N, Proux O, Hazemann JL & Brugger J. 2010. An in Physical Review Letters. 104: 206601. situ XAS study of copper(I) transport as hydrosulfide Chantler C. 2010. Accurate measurement and complexes in hydrothermal solutions (25–592 °C, physical insight::The x-ray extended range technique 180–600 bar): Speciation and solubility in vapor and for fundamenta latomic physics, condensed matter liquid phases. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. research and biological sciences. Radiation Physics 74: 4723-4739. and Chemistry. 79: 117-123. Gillaspy JD, Chantler C, Paterson D, Hudson LT, Chantler C. 2010. Editorial. Radiation Physics and Serpa FG & Takacs E. 2010. First measurement of Chemistry. 79: 115 -116. Lyman alpha x-ray lines in hydrogen-like vanadium: results and implications for precision wavelength Chantler C & Bourke J. 2010. X-ray Spectroscopic metrology and tests of QED. Journal of Physics B - Measurement of Photoelectron Inelastic Mean Free Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics. 43: 074021. Paths in Molybdenum. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 1: 2422-2427. Glover JL, Chantler C, Barnea Z, Rae N & Tran CQ. 2010. Measurement of the x-ray mass-attenuation Chantler C, Lowe J & Grant I. 2010. coefficients of gold, derived quantities between Multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations in open- 14 keV and 21 keV and determination of the bond shell atoms: Convergence methods and satellite lengths of gold. Journal of Physics B - Atomic spectra of the copper Kα photoemission spectrum. Molecular and Optical Physics. 43: 085001. Physical Review A. 82: 052505. Goh XM, Lin L & Roberts A. 2010. Planar Focusing Chantler C, Tran C & Barnea Z. 2010. X-ray Elements Using Spatially Varying Near-resonant absorption fine structure for single crystals. Journal Aperture Arrays. Optics Express. 18 (11): 11683- of Applied Crystallography. 43: 64-69. 11688. Clark JN, Putkunz CT, Pfeifer MA, Peele AG, Islam M, Rae N, Glover J, Barnea Z & Chantler C. Williams G, Chen B, Nugent K, Hall C, Fullagar 2010. Micrometry combined with profile mapping W, Kim S & Mcnulty I. 2010. Use of a complex for the absolute measurement of Integrated constraint in coherent diffractive imaging. Optics Column Density (ICD) and for accurate X-ray mass Express. 18 (3): 1981-1993. attenuation coefficients using XERT. Nuclear

52 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Instruments and Methods in Physics Research of the atomic form factor of zinc over the energy Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors range of 7.2–15.2 keV. Physical Review A. 81: and Associated Equipment. 619: 44-46. 022904. Islam MT, Rae N, Glover JL, Barnea Z, De Rae N, Glover J & Chantler C. 2010. An improvement Jonge MD, Tran C, Wang J & Chantler C. 2010. to the full-foil mapping technique for high accuracy Measurement of the x-ray mass attenuation measurement of X-ray mass attenuation coefficients. coefficients of gold in the 38–50-keV energy range. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Physical Review A. 81: 022903. Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 619: 47-50. Kas JJ, Rehr JJ, Glover J & Chantler C. 2010. Comparison of theoretical and experimental Cu and Rae N, Islam M, Chantler C & De Jonge MD. 2010. Mo K-edge XAS. Nuclear Instruments and Methods Energy determination of synchrotron X-ray beam in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, energy in the high energy region of 38–50keV Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated using powder diffraction patterns of the standard Equipment. 619: 28-32. powder Si640b. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Klonis N, Dilanyan R, Hanssen E, Darmanin C, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Streltsov V, Deed S, Quiney H & Tilley L. 2010. Equipment. 619: 147-149. Hematin-Hematin Self-Association States Involved in the Formation and Reactivity of the Malaria Parasite Roberts A. 2010. Beam transmission through hole Pigment, Hemozoin. Biochemistry. 49 (31): 6804- arrays. Optics Express. 18 (3): 2528-2533. 6811. Safronova MS, Jiang D, Arora B, Clark CW, Kozlov Larabell CA & Nugent K. 2010. Imaging cellular MG, Safronova UI & Johnson WR. 2010. Black- architecture with X-rays. Current Opinion in Body Radiation Shifts and Theoretical Contributions Structural Biology. 20: 623-631. to Atomic Clock Research. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control. Lin L, Goh XM, Mcguinness LP & Roberts A. 2010. 57 (1): 94-105. Plasmonic lenses formed by two-dimensional nanometric cross-shaped aperture arrays for fresnel- Schempp H, Gunter G, Hofmann CS, Giese C, Saliba region focusing. Nano Letters. 10 (5): 1936-1940. SD, Depaola BD, Amthor T, Weidemuller M, Sevincli S & Pohl T. 2010. Coherent population trapping with Lin L & Roberts A. 2010. Angle-robust resonances controlled interparticle interactions. Physical Review in cross-shaped aperture arrays. Applied Physics Letters. 104: 173602. Letters. 97 (6): 061109. Sheludko DV, Mcculloch AJ, Jasperse M, Quiney Lowe J, Chantler C & Grant IP. 2010. A new H & Scholten R. 2010. Non-iterative imaging of approach to relativistic multi-configuration quantum inhomogeneous cold atom clouds using phase mechanics in titanium. Physics Letters A. 374: retrieval from a single diffraction measurement. 4756-4760. Optics Express. 18 (2): 1586-1599. Margalit O, Sarafis V & Zalevsky Z. 2010. The effect Smale L, Chantler C & Hudson LT. 2010. The effects of grana and inter-grana components of chloroplasts of cosmic ray filtering on low intensity X-ray CCD on green light transmission: A preliminary study. data. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Optik. 121: 1439-1442. Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Nugent K. 2010. Coherent methods in the x-ray Detectors and Associated Equipment. 619: 150-153. sciences. Advances in Physics. 59 (1): 1-99. Storchi L, Belpassi L, Tarantelli F, Sgamellotti A & Payne A, Kimpton JA, Smale L & Chantler C. 2010. Quiney H. 2010. An Efficient Parallel All-Electron Optimisation of the spatial linearity in backgammon- Four-Component Dirac-Kohn-Sham Program Using type multi-wire gas proportional counters—The a Distributed Matrix Approach. Journal of Chemical relevance of charge cloud distribution. Nuclear Theory and Computation. 6: 384-394. Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Teichmann S, Chen B, Dilanyan R, Hannaford Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors P & Van Dao L. 2010. Experimental aspects of and Associated Equipment. 619: 190-197. multiharmonic-order coherent diffractive imaging. Journal of Applied Physics. 108: 023106. Putkunz CT, Pfeifer MA, Peele AG, Williams G, Quiney H, Abbey B, Nugent K & Mcnulty I. 2010. Williams G, Quiney H, Peele AG & Nugent K. 2010. Fresnel coherent diffraction tomography. Optics Fresnel coherent diffractive imaging: treatment Express. 18 (11): 11746 -11753. and analysis of data. New Journal of Physics. 12: 035020. Quiney H. 2010. Coherent diffractive imaging using Zatsepin NA, Dilanyan R, Nikulin AY, Gao X, Muddle short wavelength light sources. Journal of Modern BC, Matveev VN & Sakata O. 2010. Real-time in situ Optics. 57 (13): 1109-1149. nanoclustering during initial stages of artificial aging Rae N, Chantler C & Barnea Z. 2010. X-ray mass of Al–Cu alloys. Journal of Applied Physics. 107: attenuation coefficients and imaginary components 024303. www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 53 group reports & publications theoretical condensed matter physics (TCMP)

Professor Les Allen

In 2010 the Centre for Quantum Computer Technology (CQCT) was re-formed as the Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication tcmp/ Technology (CQC2T) for 2011-2017, with Prof. Michelle Simmons as Director and Prof. Lloyd of Prof. Susanne Stemmer from the University Hollenberg taking up the role of Deputy Director. of California in Santa Barbara, published in Nano Prof. Hollenberg is leading a number of activities Letters, in which standardless atom counting using in quantum science and technology related to scanning transmission electron microscopy was CQC2T within the Theoretical Condensed Matter demonstrated by determining the number of atoms Physics group. In 2010 CQCT researchers, including within each column in a gold wedge to within ±1. University of Melbourne CQCT members, published This work was highlighted in the 26 November issue a breakthrough result on the first readout of a single of Science. In addition a new technique of position electron spin in silicon in Nature. Other significant averaged convergent beam electron diffraction was works published in 2010 include a proposal for introduced, a method for correcting the effect of the real-time detection of membrane ion-channel specimen drift on coherent diffractive imaging was function (Proceedings of the National Academy proposed and atomic-resolution chemical mapping of Sciences), a new technique for ultra-sensitive using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy was multi-pulse magnetometry for bio applications, demonstrated for the first time. Papers elucidating surface code based quantum communication energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (Physical Review Letters), and ab-initio density based on inner-shell ionization and the extraction of functional theory calculations of the stability of Xe physically interpretable data from electron energy- centres in diamond. PhD student Marcus Doherty loss spectra were published. Lastly a new quantum worked in collaboration with researchers in the mechanical model for phonon excitation in electron Wrachtrup group (University of Stuttgart) on the diffraction and imaging was published; work in which first electric field detection using NV diamond (this completing MSc student Ben Forbes was closely paper is in press at Nature Physics). Significant involved. interactions between the Hollenberg group and the Scholten experimental group (including The subgroup of Dr Andy Martin produced a cross-campus collaborations with Prof. Paul number of research highlights. The first was the Mulvaney and Prof. Frank Caruso) led to the first proposal of a new technique, via the focusing of demonstration of quantum measurement of NV spin Bose-Einstein condensates, for erasable high speed systems in a living cell, demonstrating the basis lithography of quantum electronic components for nanobiomagnetometry and a new method for (published in the New Journal of Physics). This orientation tracking of fluorescent probes in biology. work was carried out in collaboration with Prof. Research student graduates for the year supervised T.M. Fromold and Prof. P Kruger at the University by Prof. Hollenberg include Joo Chew Ang (PhD), of Nottingham (UK). The development of analytic Dougal Maclaurin (MPhil), and Adrian Tregonning tools to investigate the excitation frequencies and (MSc). stationary states of trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates was published in Physical Review A. Prof. Les Allen was awarded an ARC Professorial This work was carried out in collaboration with Dr Fellowship and was appointed to the editorial D. O’Dell (McMaster University, Canada), and A./ board of Ultramicroscopy in May. In February Prof. Prof. S.J.J.M.F. Kokkelmans (Eindhoven University, Allen was an invited lecturer at Imaging in Electron the Netherlands). Dr Martin also published an Microscopy II, a workshop hosted jointly by the invited viewpoint article commenting on a recent Interdisciplinary Mathematics Institute and the publication on “Time reversal-symmetry breaking Nanocenter at the University of South Carolina. in circuit QED-based photon lattices” (with Dr Andy His student, Dr Andrew V. Martin, was a recipient Greentree). Additionally, over the last year Dr Andy of the Chancellor’s Prize for excellence in the PhD Martin co-organised a summer school on the topic thesis. The research highlight for the subgroup led of ultracold Physics and gave several invited talks by Prof. Allen was a paper published with the group

54 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au at various universities including, the University of Publications: Nottingham (U.K.), the University of Bristol (U.K.) Imperial College (U.K.), Birmingham University (U.K.) Aharonovich I, Castelletto S, Johnson B, MccCllum J, Simpson D, Greentree A & Prawer S. 2010. and the University of Newcastle (U.K.). Chromium single-photon emitters in diamond fabricated by ion implantation. Physical Review B. 81 QE II Fellow Dr Andy Greentree and his students 121201. continued their investigations into the Jaynes- Aharonovich I, Castelletto S, Simpson D, Greentree Cummings-Hubbard model (solid-light), quantum A & Prawer S. 2010. Photophysics of chromium- transport and methods for realising these effects related diamond single-photon emitters. Physical in diamond. We were pleased to welcome Dr Review A. 81 : 043813. Tomljenovic-Hanic (ARF) who has been working on Allen L, D’Alfonso A, Findlay SD, Lebeau JM, photonic structures in diamond. Major highlights Lugg N & Stemmer S. 2010. Elemental mapping in included the demonstration of a new hybrid single scanning transmission electron microscopy. Journal photon platform (nanodiamond in tellurite glass of Physics - Conference Series. 241 : 012061. fibre) with Prof. Tanya Monro of University of Amos K. 2010. Structures of exotic nuclei from Adelaide, studies of a route to quantum chaos in nucleon-nucleus scattering data. In McKellar BHJ & Amos K (eds), In celebrationof K C Hines. Singapore: tcmp/ kicked coupled cavities, and a new implementation World Scientific Publishing Co , pp. 17-34 . of Aharanov-Bohm type oscillations in an adiabatic Amos K, Karataglidis S & Kim YJ. 2010. Low passage system. Outputs from the year included excitation structure of 10B probed by scattering of 11 published journal articles, which includes electrons and of 197 MeV polarized protons. Nuclear perspectives in Nature Photonics (with Prof. Steven Physics A. 836 : 59-81. Prawer) and Physics (with Dr Andy Martin). It was Bedoya A, Mahmoodian , Monat C, Tomljenovic- also pleasing to see the successful completion of Hanic ST, Grillet , Domachuk , Magi EC, Eggleton Dr Chun-Hsu Su, who completed his PhD in 2010 BJ & Van Der Heijden RW. 2010. Liquid crystal (co-supervised with Prof. Hollenberg). Dr Greentree dynamics in a photonic crystal cavity created by selective microfluidic infiltration. Optics Express. 18 maintains active collaborations with NII Tokyo, HP (26) : 27280-27290. Palo Alto, TU Karlsruhe, UNSW and the University of Adelaide. Canton L, Amos KAA, Karataglidis S & Svenne JP. 2010. Extending MCAS to hypernuclei and radiative- capture reactions. E P J Web of Conferences. 2 : 09003. Canton L, Amos K, Karataglidis S & Svenne JP. 2010. Recent MCAS applications on hypernuclei and radiative capture. In Cerutti F & Ferrari A(eds), Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Nuclear Reaction Mechanisms. 1 129-136. Geneva, Switzerland: CERN - European Organization for Nuclear Research. Cosgriff EC, Nellist PD, D’Alfonso A, Findlay SD, Behan G, Wang P, Allen L & Kirkland AI. 2010. Image Contrast in Aberration-Corrected Scanning Confocal Electron Microscopy. In Hawkes PW (ed), Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics. United States: Academic Press , pp. 45-76 . D’Alfonso A, Freitag B, Klenov D & Allen L. 2010. Atomic-resolution chemical mapping using energy- dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Physical Review B. 81 : 100101. Devitt S, Fowler A, Tilma T, Munro W & Nemoto K. 2010. Classical processing requirements for a topological quantum computing system. International Journal of Quantum Information. 8 (1-2) : 121-147. Doherty MW, Hossain F & Hollenberg L. 2010. The foundations of the defect-molecule model of the N–V center in diamond. Physics Procedia. 3 (4) : 1525-1532. Drumm D, Per MC, Russo SP & Hollenberg L. 2010. Thermodynamic stability of neutral Xe defects in diamond. Physical Review B. 82 : 054102. Forbes B, Martin A, Findlay SD, D’Alfonso A & Allen L. 2010. Quantum mechanical model for phonon excitation in electron diffraction and imaging using a Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Physical Review B. 82 : 104103. Fowler A, Wang DS, Hill C, Ladd TD, Van Meter R & Hollenberg L. 2010. Surface Code Quantum Communication. Physical Review Letters. 104 : www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 180503. 55 group reports & publications theoretical condensed matter physics (TCMP)

Greentree A. 2010. Phase Transitions in systems Karataglidis S, Henninger KR, Richter WA & Amos K. of interacting photons: Quantum optics, quantum 2010. Proton scattering observables from Skyrme– information, condensed matter and the Jaynes- Hartree–Fock densities. Nuclear Physics A. 848 : Cummings-Hubbard model. In Myers RE, Shih Y 110 -125. & Deacon KS(eds), Proceedings of SPIE. 7815 1-7. Karnutsch C, Smith CLC, Graham A, Tomljenovic- Washington, United States: SPIE - The International Hanic S, Mcphedran R, Eggleton BJ, O’Faolain Society for Optical Engineering. L, Krauss TF, Xiao S & Mortensen NA. 2010. Greentree A, Aharonovich I, Castelletto S, Doherty Addendum: “Temperature stabilization of optofluidic M, Mcguinness L & Simpson D. 2010. 21st-Century photonic crystal cavities” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, Applications of Nanodiamonds. United States: 231114 (2009)]. Applied Physics Letters. 96 : Optical Society of America. 079901. Greentree A & Martin A. 2010. Breaking time Karnutsch C, Tomljenovic-Hanic S, Monat C, reversal symmetry with light. Physics: spotlighting Grillet C, Domachuk P, Mcphedran R, Eggleton BJ, exceptional research. 3 : 85. O’Faolain L, Krauss TF, Xiao S & Mortensen NA. 2010. Waveguide-based optofluidics. In Kubby JA & Greentree A & Prawer S. 2010. Yellow lasers: A Reed GT(eds), Proceedings of SPIE. 7606 760615- little diamond goes a long way. Nature Photonics. 4 760615. United States: SPIE - International Society : 202-203. for Optical Engineering. Grillet C, Lee MW, Gai X, Tomljenovic-Hanic S, Lebeau JM, Findlay SD, Allen L & Stemmer S. Monat C, Magi E, Moss DJ, Eggleton BJ, Madden 2010. Standardless Atom Counting in Scanning S, Choi D-Y, Bulla D & Luther-Davies B. 2010. Transmission Electron Microscopy. Nano Letters. 10 Chalcogenide glass photonic crystals: progress and : 4405-4408. prospects. In Adibi A, Lin S-Y & Scherer A(eds), Proceedings of SPIE. 7609 760913-760913. United Lebeau JM, Stemmer S, Allen L & Findlay SD. States: SPIE - International Society for Optical 2010. Position averaged convergent beam electron Engineering. diffraction: Theory and applications. Ultramicroscopy. 110 : 118 -125. Grillet C, Monat C, Smith CL, Lee MW, Tomljenovic- Hanic S, Karnutsch C & Eggleton BJ. 2010. Lee MW, Grillet C, Tomljenovic-Hanic S, Eggleton Reconfigurable photonic crystal circuits. Laser & BJ, Casas Bedoya A, Domachuk P, Ting J, Monat Photonics Reviews. 4 (2) : 192-204. C & Mcphedran RC. 2010. Optofluidic Dispersion Engineering of Photonic Crystal Waveguides. In Hall L, Hill C, Cole JH & Hollenberg L. 2010. Gmachl C & Vodopyanov K(eds), Laser Science Ultrasensitive diamond magnetometry using optimal to Photonic Applications. 1-2. New York, United dynamic decoupling. Physical Review B. 82 : States: IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronic 045208. Engineers. Hayward A & Greentree A. 2010. Quantum and Lee MW, Grillet C, Tomljenovic-Hanic S, Moss classical chaos in kicked coupled Jaynes-Cummings DJ, Eggleton BJ, Gai X, Madden S, Choi D-Y, cavities. Physical Review A. 81 : 063831. Bulla D & Luther-Davies B. 2010. The Evolution Herrera-Marti A, Fowler A, Jennings & Rudolph. of Photoinduced Photonic Crystal Cavities During 2010. Photonic implementation for the topological Writing. In Gmachl C & Vodopyanov K(eds), Laser cluster-state quantum computer. Physical Review A. Science to Photonic Applications. 1-2. Chennai, 82 : 032332. India: IEEE. Hill C, Flitney A & Menicucci NC. 2010. A Lee W, Grillet , Monat , Magi , Tomljenovic-Hanic competitive game whose maximal Nash-equilibrium ST, Gai , Madden , Choi , Bulla , Luther-Davies & payoff requires quantum resources for its Eggleton J. 2010. Photosensitive and thermal achievement. Physics Letters A. 374 : 3619-3624. nonlinear effects in chalcogenide photonic crystal Hiscocks MP, Ladouceur F, Su C, Ganesan KG, cavities. Optics Express. 18 (25) : 26695-26703. Gibson BCG, Greentree ADG, Hollenberg LCH & Lugg N, Freitag B, Findlay SD & Allen L. 2010. Prawer SP. 2010. Accessing diamond waveguides Energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy and future applications. In Broquin J & Greiner based on inner-shell ionization. Ultramicroscopy. 110 CM(eds), PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE. 7604 1-2. : 981-990. Washington, United States: SPIE - The International Martijn De Sterke C & Tomljenovic-Hanic S. 2010. Society for Optical Engineering. Design of Ultrahigh-Q Photoinduced Cavities in Jong LM & Greentree A. 2010. Interferometry using Defect-free Photonic Crystal Slabs. In Gmachl C spatial adiabatic passage in quantum dot networks. & Vodopyanov K(eds), Laser Science to Photonic Physical Review D. 81 : 035311. Applications. 1-2. New York, United States: IEEE - Judd TE, Scott RG, Sinuco G, Montgomery TWA, Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers. Martin A, Kruger P & Fromhold TM. 2010. Zone- Martin AV, Allen L & Ishizuka K. 2010. A method for plate focusing of Bose–Einstein condensates for correcting the effect of specimen drift on coherent atom optics and erasable high-speed lithography of diffractive imaging. Ultramicroscopy. 110 : 359-365. quantum electronic components. New Journal of Mckellar B & Amos K. 2010. In Celebration of K C Physics. 12 : 063033. Hines. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co.

56 www.physics.unimelb.edu.au Mottonen M, Tan KY, Chan KW, Zwanenburg FA, Van Bijnen RMW, Parker NG, Martin A & O’Dell Lim WH, Escott CC, Pirkkalainen J-M, Morello A, DHJ. 2010. Collective excitation frequencies and Yang C, Van Donkelaar JA, Alves A, Jamieson D, stationary states of trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein Hollenberg L & Dzurak AS. 2010. Probe and control condensates in the Thomas-Fermi regime. Physical of the reservoir density of states in single-electron Review A. 82 : 033612. devices. Physical Review B. 81 : 161304. Van Donkelaar J, Greentree A, Alves A, Jong L, Nellist PD, Wang P, Behan G, Kirkland AI, Hashimoto Hollenberg L & Jamieson D. 2010. Top-down A, Shimojo M, Mitsuishi K, Takeguchi M, Cosgriff pathways to devices with few and single atoms E, D’Alfonso A, Allen L & Findlay SD. 2010. Three- placed to high precision. New Journal of Physics. 12 Dimensional Resolution Limits and Image Contrast : 065016. Mechanisms in Scanning Confocal Electron Van Meter R, Ladd T, Fowler A & Yamamoto Y. 2010. Microscopy. Microscopy and Microanalysis . 16 Distributed quantum computation architecture using (Supp 2) : 1834-1835. semiconductor nanophotonics. International Journal Orwa J, Aharonovich I, Jelezko F, Balasubramanian of Quantum Information. 8 (1-2) : 295-323. G, Balog P, Markham M, Twitchen DJ, Greentree Wang D, Fowler AGF, Hill CDH & Hollenberg LCH. A & Prawer S. 2010. Nickel related optical centres 2010. Graphical Algorithms and Threshold Error in diamond created by ion implantation. Journal of Rates for the 2D Colour Code. Quantum Information Applied Physics. 107 : 093512. & Computation. 10 (9 & 10) : 780-802. Orwa J, Greentree A, Aharonovich I, Alves A, Van Wang DS, Fowler A, Stephens AM & Hollenberg L. Donkelaar J, Stacey A & Prawer S. 2010. Fabrication 2010. Threshhold error rates for the toric and planar of single optical centres in diamond—a review. codes. Quantum Information & Computation. 10 Journal of Luminescence. 130 : 1646-1654. (5-6) : 0456-0469. Rahman R, Muller RP, Levy JE, Carroll MS, Klimeck Witte C, Zaluzec NJ & Allen L. 2010. Extracting G, Greentree A & Hollenberg L. 2010. Coherent physically interpretable data from electron energy- electron transport by adiabatic passage in an loss spectra. Ultramicroscopy. 110 : 1390-1396. imperfect donor chain. Physical Review B. 82 : 155315. Schmid C, Flitney A, Wieczorek W, Kiesel N, Weinfurter H & Hollenberg L. 2010. Experimental implementation of a four-player quantum game. New Journal of Physics. 12 : 063031. Stemmer S, Lebeau JM, Findlay SD, D’Alfonso A & Allen L. 2010. Towards quantitative analysis of STEM image contrast of interfaces and surfaces. Microscopy and Microanalysis . 16 (Supp 2) : 1472- 1473. Tomljenovic-Hanic S, Aharonovich I, Castelletto S, Fairchild B, Ganesan K, Gibson B, Greentree A, Orwa J, Rubanov S, Simpson D, Stacey A & Prawer S. 2010. Towards All-Diamond Optical Devices. In Jaworski M & Marciniak M(eds), 12th Interinational Conference on Transparent Optical Networks. 1-4. Chennai, India: IEEE. Tomljenovic-Hanic S & De Sterke C. 2010. Design of ultrahigh-Q photoinduced cavities in defect-free photonic crystal slabs. Optics Express. 18 (20): 21397-21403. Uesaka T, Sakaguchi S, Iseri Y, Amos K, Aoi N, Hashimoto Y, Hiyama E, Ichikawa M, Ichikawa Y, Ishikawa S, Itoh K, Itoh M, Iwasaki H, Karataglidis S, Kawabata T, Kawahara T, Kuboki H, Maeda Y, Matsuo R, Nakao T, Okamura H, Sakai H, Sasamoto Y, Sasano M, Satou Y, Sekiguchi K, Shinohara M, Suda K, Suzuki D, Takahashi Y, Tanifuji M, Tamii A, Wakui T, Yako K, Yamamoto Y & Yamaguchi M. 2010. Analyzing power for proton elastic scattering from the neutron-rich 6He nucleus. Physical Review C. 82 : 021602.

www.physics.unimelb.edu.au 57 group reports & publications theoretical particle phystpp/ics (TPP) Professor Ray Volkas archive (see paper arXiv:1008.2570 at arxiv.org). He continues his membership of the Particle Data The year 2010 was a seminal one for particle physics Group. research in Australia. A University of Melbourne led Nicole Bell’s research focus during the year was collaboration that includes the University of Sydney, on the extremely important topic of the nature of the University of Adelaide and Monash University dark matter. Identifying this mysterious substance, was awarded an Australian Research Council Centre which accounts for five times as much mass of Excellence for Particle Physics at the Terascale density in the universe as does ordinary matter, is (CoEPP), with ARC funding of $25.2m augmented a Holy Grail of astroparticle physics. With student by about $8m from the participating universities. Thomas Jacques, and international collaborators This new Centre, the focus of which is TeV-scale Thomas Weiler (Vanderbilt) and James Dent (Arizona physics at the Large Hadron Collider, will see State), she studied the bremsstrahlung of W and Z theoretical particle physicists collaborate with our bosons during dark matter annihilation processes. colleagues from the experimental particle physics A collaboration involving Roland Crocker, David group in exploring physics beyond the standard Jones (both at MPIK, Heidelberg) and Csaba Balazs model through the ATLAS detector at CERN, in (Monash) explored radio and gamma-ray constraints addition to collaborative research between the four on dark matter annihilation at the centre of the Milky institutions. Many new post-doctoral fellowship Way. As well as dark matter annihilation signals appointments will be made in both theory and from astrophysical sources, dark matter may reveal experiment, and perhaps most exciting of all will its secrets by decaying on cosmological time scales be the creation of a new particle theory group at into a slightly lighter dark-sector particle and some the University of Sydney and a new experimental additional very light daughters. Such a process has group at the University of Adelaide. CoEPP should been invoked to get better agreement between dark leave a permanent legacy of enhanced capacity in matter models and cosmic structure. Working with particle physics across the nation, and it will give research fellow Kalliopi Petraki and PhD student us more weight in the international community of Ahmad Galea, Bell calculated constraints on the high-energy physics. The Centre includes several lifetime of decaying dark matter, and with the writer overseas universities as partner institutes, and we and Galea an explicit particle physics model of have assembled an International Advisory Board unstable dark matter was proposed. consisting of extremely eminent particle physicists chaired by the Director-General of CERN, Dr Rolf- The writer’s research highlights included an Dieter Heuer. Federation Fellow Professor Tony extension of stochastic superspace supersymmetry Gherghetta will be a Deputy Director to Centre breaking to models of neutrino mass, in joint work Director Professor Geoffrey Taylor, and the writer with research fellow Archil Kobakhidze and PhD will be the Director of the Melbourne node. Public student Nadine Pesor. With PhD student Jayne outreach will also be a strong component of the Thompson and Kobakhidze, the idea of domain-wall Centre’s activities. branes and other solitons in Lifshitz field theories was pioneered. An extensive analysis with PhD Research in particle theory in 2010 saw Tony student Benjamin Callen was performed of flavour Gherghetta continuing his deep studies of physics mass hierarchies in a particular domain-wall brane possibilities beyond the standard model, especially in model proposed by the writer and his students in the context of warped extra-dimension models. In 2008. Classically scale-invariant models continued collaborative work with MSc student James Stokes, to be developed during 2010 with Kobakhidze research fellows Benedict von Harling and Nicholas and research fellow Robert Foot. In a series of Setzer, and international collaborators Yanou Cui papers, Foot pursued intensive investigations of the (Harvard) and Steven Abel (Durham), several phenomenology of mirror dark matter at direct dark important developments were reported in soft- matter detection experiments. wall models, dark matter, emergent electroweak symmetry breaking and Seiberg duality. Professor 2010 saw the graduation of James Stokes with Gherghetta is also a very highly regarded lecturer a research MSc under the guidance of Tony at the top international summer schools, and 2010 Gherghetta. The first cohort of new-generation MSc saw him publish his extensive TASI lectures on students also graduated: Iason Baldes and Nana holography and the standard model on the e-print Liu. We welcomed Dr Shrihari Gopalakrishna as a senior research fellow working with Tony Gherghetta 58 for about six months, and towards the end of the year we welcomed Dr Donatello Dolce who will also Joshi G. 2010. Quaternions and octonions in nature. be working with Gherghetta. Dr Dolce was most In Mckellar BHJ & Amos K (eds), In celebration of K recently a research fellow in Professor Matthias C Hines. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co , Neubert’s group at Mainz in Germany. Visitors to the pp. 193-198 . group included Raman Sundrum (Johns Hopkins), Kapusta JI, Kelley TM & Gherghetta T. 2010. Chiral Steven Abel (Durham), Kristian McDonald (TRIUMF), symmetry breaking in a soft-wall model of AdS/ Herbert Fried (Brown), Roland Crocker (MPIK QCD. International Journal of Modern Physics A. 25 Heidelberg) and Tracy Slatyer (Princeton IAS). (2&3): 453-463. tpp/ The writer was elected as a Fellow of the Australian Kempe J, Regev O & Toner B. 2010. Unique games Academy of Science and appointed as a divisional with entangled provers are easy. SIAM Journal on associate editor for Physical Review Letters in 2010. Computing. 39 (7): 3207-3229. Kobakhidze A. 2010. Infrared limit of Horava’s gravity publications: with the global Hamiltonian constraint. Physical Review D. 82: 064011. Bassler KE, Forrester PJF & Frankel NEF. 2010. Kobakhidze A, Pesor NE & Volkas R. 2010. Neutrino Edge effects in some perturbations of the Gaussian masses and sparticle spectra from stochastic Unitary ensemble. Journal of Mathematical Physics. superspace. Physical Review D. 81: 095019. 51: 123305. Kowalenko V. 2010. Further properties of a Bell N, Galea A & Petraki K. 2010. Lifetime magnetised Maxwellian plasma. In Mckellar BHJ & constraints for late dark matter decay. Physical Amos K (eds), In celebration of K C Hines. Singapore: Review D. 82: 023514. World Scientific Publishing Co , pp. 111-128. Ciarcelluti P & Foot R. 2010. Primordial He’ Kowalenko V. 2010. Properties and Applications abundance implied by the mirror dark matter of the Reciprocal Logarithm Numbers. Acta interpretation of the DAMA/LIBRA signal. Physics Applicandae Mathematicae. 109: 413-437. Letters B. 690: 462-465. Mckellar B. 2010. Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. In Crocker R, Bell N, Balazs C & Jones DI. 2010. Mckellar BHJ & Amos K (eds), In celebration of K C Radio and gamma-ray constraints on dark matter Hines. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co , annihilation in the Galactic center. Physical Review D. pp. 165-178. 81: 063516. Mckellar B & Amos K. 2010. In Celebration of K C Davoudiasl H, Gopalakrishna S & Soni A. 2010. Big Hines. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. signals of Little Randall–Sundrum models. Physics Mckellar BHM, Alsing P, Goldman T & Stephenson Letters B. 686: 239-243. Jr GJ. 2010. Fermions, scalars and dark energy. In De Roeck A, Gopalakrishna S & Weinemann P. 2010. Melnitchouk W(ed), ACHIEVEMENTS AND NEW From the LHC to future colliders. European Physical DIRECTIONS IN SUBATOMIC PHYSICS. 1261 191- Journal C. 66: 525-583. 196. New York, United States: American Institute of Doukas J & Carson BJ. 2010. Entanglement of two Physics. qubits in a relativistic orbit. Physical Review A. 81: Nakamura , Gherghetta T & Zyla . 2010. Review of 062320. Particle Physics. Journal of Physics G - Nuclear and Foot R. 2010. A CoGeNT confirmation of the DAMA Particle Physics. 37: 075021. signal. Physics Letters B. 692: 65-69. Shoemaker I, Petraki K & Kusenko A. 2010. Collider Foot R. 2010. Relevance of the CDMS II events for signatures of sterile neutrinos in models with a mirror dark matter. Physical Review D. 81: 087302. gauge-singlet Higgs. Journal of High Energy Physics. Foot R, Kobakhidze A & Mcdonald KL. 2010. Dilaton 9: 060. as the Higgs boson. European Physical Journal C. Thompson J & Volkas RRV. 2010. Domain-wall 68: 421-424. branes in Lifshitz theories. Physical Review D. 82: Foot R, Kobakhidze A & Volkas R. 2010. Stable mass 116007. hierarchies and dark matter from hidden sectors in Volkas R. 2010. Getting your kinks from E6. Nuclear the scale-invariant standard model. Physical Review Physics A. 844: 155c-159c. Photo courtesy of Fermilab 95-759 D. 82: 035005. Volkas R. 2010. Neutrinos and flavour in a brane Foot RTF. 2010. Comprehensive analysis of the dark model. Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. 64: matter direct detection experiments in the mirror 315-317. dark matter framework. Physical Review D. 82: Volkas R. 2010. Neutrons from the galactic centre. In 095001. Mckellar BHJ & Amos K (eds), In celebration of K C Gherghetta T & Setzer N. 2010. On the stability of a Hines. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co, pp. soft-wall model. Physical Review D. 82: 075009. 181-192. Gherghetta T & Von Harling B. 2010. A warped model of dark matter. Journal of High Energy Physics. 4: 039. Halter S, Von Harling B & Hebecker A. 2010. Tachyons in throat cosmology. Journal of High Energy Physics. 2: 063. 59 subjectssubjects offered offered/ FIRST YEAR SUBJECTS PHYC10001/2 Physics 1/2: Advanced PHYC10003 Physics 1 PHYC10004 Physics 2: Physical Science & technology PHYC10005 Physics 1: Fundamentals Master of Science PHYC10006 Physics 2: Life Sciences & Environment With the change in curriculum to Melbourne Model, PHYC10007 Physics for Biomedicine in 2009 the School was pleased to offer an exciting alternative to Honours, a new two-year Masters of Science in Physics degree, comprising both course SECOND YEAR SUBJECTS work and research project. The Master of Science - Physics program (Research PHYC20009 thermal & Classical Physics Training) offers students an exciting array of topics, PHYC20010 Quantum Mechancis & Special Relativity designed to prepare students for a career as a professional physicist and beyond. PHYC20011 electromagnetism & Optics Students can select seven from the following: Quantum Mechanics THIRD YEAR SUBJECTS Quantum Field Theory PHYC30018 Quantum Physics General Relativity PHYC30019 Astrophysics Statistical Mechanics Physical Cosmology PHYC30016 Electrodynamics Particle Physics PHYC30014 laboratory Work A Condensed Matter Physics PHYC30011 Sub-atomic Physics Optics PHYC30012 computational Physics Experimental Methods PHYC30013 Principles & Applications of Sensors Advanced Seminars in: PHYC30014/5 laboratory Work A/B Astrophysics/Physical Cosmology PHYC30017 Statistical Physics Particle Physics PHYC30020 Quantum Systems Condensed Matter Optics

Students must undertake one of the following Professional Tools: Critical Analysis in Science e-Science Ethics in Science Systems Modelling and Simulation Thinking and Reasoning with Data more information Science and Communication School of Physics – David Caro Building Science in Context University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Money, People and Projects Australia T: +61 8344 7670 HONOURS F: +61 9347 4783 The Honours year comprises course work (640- E: [email protected] 496) and research project (640-497). The content of course work may vary from year to year. Authorised by Professor David Jamieson Published by the School of Physics, June 2011

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