Resolving the Value of the Dingo in Ecological Restoration Thomas M
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Priority Actions to Improve Provenance Decision-Making
Forum Priority Actions to Improve Provenance Decision-Making MARTIN F. BREED, PETER A. HARRISON, ARMIN BISCHOFF, PAULA DURRUTY, NICK J. C. GELLIE, EMILY K. GONZALES, KAYRI HAVENS, MARION KARMANN, FRANCIS F. KILKENNY, SIEGFRIED L. KRAUSS, ANDREW J. LOWE, PEDRO MARQUES, PAUL G. NEVILL, PATI L. VITT, AND ANNA BUCHAROVA Selecting the geographic origin—the provenance—of seed is a key decision in restoration. The last decade has seen a vigorous debate on whether to use local or nonlocal seed. The use of local seed has been the preferred approach because it is expected to maintain local adaptation and avoid deleterious population effects (e.g., maladaptation and outbreeding depression). However, the impacts of habitat fragmentation and climate change on plant populations have driven the debate on whether the local-is-best standard needs changing. This debate has largely been theoretical in nature, which hampers provenance decision-making. Here, we detail cross-sector priority actions to improve provenance decision-making, including embedding provenance trials into restoration projects; developing dynamic, evidence-based provenance policies; and establishing stronger research–practitioner collaborations to facilitate the adoption of research outcomes. We discuss how to tackle these priority actions in order to help satisfy the restoration sector’s requirement for appropriately provenanced seed. Keywords: assisted migration, ecological restoration, local adaptation, restoration genetics he restoration sector’s demand for seed is Williams et al. 2014, Havens et al. 2015, Prober et al. 2015, Tenormous and is rapidly increasing with the growth Breed et al. 2016b, Christmas et al. 2016b). in the global restoration effort (Verdone and Seidl 2017). -
Sturt National Park
Plan of Management Sturt National Park © 2018 State of NSW and the Office of Environment and Heritage With the exception of photographs, the State of NSW and the Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) are pleased to allow this material to be reproduced in whole or in part for educational and non-commercial use, provided the meaning is unchanged and its source, publisher and authorship are acknowledged. Specific permission is required for the reproduction of photographs. OEH has compiled this publication in good faith, exercising all due care and attention. No representation is made about the accuracy, completeness or suitability of the information in this publication for any particular purpose. OEH shall not be liable for any damage that may occur to any person or organisation taking action or not on the basis of this publication. All content in this publication is owned by OEH and is protected by Crown Copyright. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) , subject to the exemptions contained in the licence. The legal code for the licence is available at Creative Commons . OEH asserts the right to be attributed as author of the original material in the following manner: © State of New South Wales and Office of Environment and Heritage 2018. This plan of management was adopted by the Minister for the Environment on 23 January 2018. Acknowledgments OEH acknowledges that Sturt is in the traditional Country of the Wangkumara and Malyangapa people. This plan of management was prepared by staff of the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS), part of OEH. -
Biological Conservation 232 (2019) 187–193
Biological Conservation 232 (2019) 187–193 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biological Conservation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon A palaeontological perspective on the proposal to reintroduce Tasmanian devils to mainland Australia to suppress invasive predators T ⁎ Michael C. Westawaya, , Gilbert Priceb, Tony Miscamblec, Jane McDonaldb, Jonathon Crambb, ⁎ Jeremy Ringmad, Rainer Grüna, Darryl Jonesa, Mark Collarde, a Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Environmental Futures Research Institute, N13 Environment 2 Building, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia b School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia c School of Social Science, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia d College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai‘i at Manoa, 2500 Campus Road, Honolulu, Hawai'i 96822, USA e Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The diversity of Australia's mammalian fauna has decreased markedly since European colonisation. Species in Australia the small-to-medium body size range have been particularly badly affected. Feral cats and foxes have played a Invasive predator central role in this decline and consequently strategies for reducing their numbers are being evaluated. One such Fossil record strategy is the reintroduction to the mainland of the Tasmanian devil, Sarcophilus harrisii. Here, we provide a Feral cat palaeontological perspective on this proposal. We begin by collating published records of devil remains in Fox Quaternary deposits. These data show that the range of devils once spanned all the main ecological zones in Tasmanian devil Sarcophilus Australia. -
Cost Effective Feral Animal Exclusion Fencing for Areas of High
Cost Effective Feral Animal Exclusion Fencing for Areas of High Conservation Value in Australia Cost Effective Feral Animal Exclusion Fencing for Areas of High Conservation Value in Australia A report for the: Australian Government The Department of the Environment and Heritage Prepared by: Kirstin Long and Alan Robley Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Department of Sustainability and Environment Heidelberg, Melbourne July 2004 Cost Effective Feral Animal Exclusion Fencing for Areas of High Conservation Value in Australia by Long, K and Robley, A. The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for the Environment and Heritage. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication. ISBN: 0642 549923 Published July 2004 © Commonwealth of Australia 2004 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth, available from the Department of the Environment and Heritage. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to: Director Threat Abatement -
Evolutionary Restoration Ecology
ch06 2/9/06 12:45 PM Page 113 189686 / Island Press / Falk Chapter 6 Evolutionary Restoration Ecology Craig A. Stockwell, Michael T. Kinnison, and Andrew P. Hendry Restoration Ecology and Evolutionary Process Restoration activities have increased dramatically in recent years, creating evolutionary chal- lenges and opportunities. Though restoration has favored a strong focus on the role of habi- tat, concerns surrounding the evolutionary ecology of populations are increasing. In this con- text, previous researchers have considered the importance of preserving extant diversity and maintaining future evolutionary potential (Montalvo et al. 1997; Lesica and Allendorf 1999), but they have usually ignored the prospect of ongoing evolution in real time. However, such contemporary evolution (changes occurring over one to a few hundred generations) appears to be relatively common in nature (Stockwell and Weeks 1999; Bone and Farres 2001; Kin- nison and Hendry 2001; Reznick and Ghalambor 2001; Ashley et al. 2003; Stockwell et al. 2003). Moreover, it is often associated with situations that may prevail in restoration projects, namely the presence of introduced populations and other anthropogenic disturbances (Stockwell and Weeks 1999; Bone and Farres 2001; Reznick and Ghalambor 2001) (Table 6.1). Any restoration program may thus entail consideration of evolution in the past, present, and future. Restoration efforts often involve dramatic and rapid shifts in habitat that may even lead to different ecological states (such as altered fire regimes) (Suding et al. 2003). Genetic variants that evolved within historically different evolutionary contexts (the past) may thus be pitted against novel and mismatched current conditions (the present). The degree of this mismatch should then determine the pattern and strength of selection acting on trait variation in such populations (Box 6.1; Figure 6.1). -
SHEEP, DINGOES and KANGAROOS: NEW CHALLENGES and a CHANGE of DIRECTION 20 YEARS on Peter Clark1, Elizabeth Clark1 and Benjamin L
Citation: Clark P, Clark E, Allen BL (2018). Sheep, dingoes and kangaroos: new challenges and a change of direction 20 years on. In 'Advances in conservation through sustainable use of wildlife.' Eds G Baxter, N Finch, P Murray. pp. 173–178 (University of Queensland: Brisbane). Available online at: https://onlineshop.ssaa.org.au/product-category/publications/ SHEEP, DINGOES AND KANGAROOS: NEW CHALLENGES AND A CHANGE OF DIRECTION 20 YEARS ON Peter Clark1, Elizabeth Clark1 and Benjamin L. Allen2* 1Leander Station, Longreach, Queensland 4730, Australia. Email: [email protected] 2University of Southern Queensland, Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350. Email: [email protected] *Corresponding author. ABSTRACT Predation and competition are two primary forces limiting the extent to which sheep can be grazed in the Australian rangelands, particularly in Queensland. Dingo predation has been non-existent in much of the sheep zone since the localised eradication of dingoes in the early 1900s. Competition with kangaroos has been ever-present, but was previously managed (to some extent) by the commercial kangaroo harvesting industry. However, changes to dingo distribution and kangaroo densities and harvesting over the last 20 years have meant that dingo predation and kangaroo competition again threaten viable sheep production in the rangelands. Dingoes have increased their distribution and density in almost all sheep grazing areas and contemporary lethal control efforts are not preventing the decline of sheep. Loss of valuable international markets and moves to now harvest only adult male kangaroos means that the kangaroo harvesting industry produces little relief from kangaroo grazing pressure (given that kangaroo population growth is little affected by removal of adult males; see Finch et al. -
Your Complete Guide to Broken Hill and The
YOUR COMPLETE GUIDE TO DESTINATION BROKEN HILL Mundi Mundi Plains Broken Hill 2 City Map 4–7 Getting There and Around 8 HistoriC Lustre 10 Explore & Discover 14 Take a Walk... 20 Arts & Culture 28 Eat & Drink 36 Silverton Places to Stay 42 Shopping 48 Silverton prospects 50 Corner Country 54 The Outback & National Parks 58 Touring RoutEs 66 Regional Map 80 Broken Hill is on Australian Living Desert State Park Central Standard Time so make Line of Lode Miners Memorial sure you adjust your clocks to suit. « Have a safe and happy journey! Your feedback about this guide is encouraged. Every endeavour has been made to ensure that the details appearing in this publication are correct at the time of printing, but we can accept no responsibility for inaccuracies. Photography has been provided by Broken Hill City Council, Destination NSW, NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service, Simon Bayliss, The Nomad Company, Silverton Photography Gallery and other contributors. This visitor guide has been designed by Gang Gang Graphics and produced by Pace Advertising Pty. Ltd. ABN 44 005 361 768 Tel 03 5273 4777 W pace.com.au E [email protected] Copyright 2020 Destination Broken Hill. 1 Looking out from the Line Declared Australia’s first heritage-listed of Lode Miners Memorial city in 2015, its physical and natural charm is compelling, but you’ll soon discover what the locals have always known – that Broken Hill’s greatest asset is its people. Its isolation in a breathtakingly spectacular, rugged and harsh terrain means people who live here are resilient and have a robust sense of community – they embrace life, are self-sufficient and make things happen, but Broken Hill’s unique they’ve always got time for each other and if you’re from Welcome to out of town, it doesn’t take long to be embraced in the blend of Aboriginal and city’s characteristic old-world hospitality. -
Key Restoration Methods of a Polluted River Ecosystem
Key Restoration Methods of a Polluted River Chalachew Yenew* Ecosystem: A Systematic Review Environmental Health Science, Social and Population Health (SPH) Unit, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia Abstract Background: River is one of a freshwater ecosystem that plays an important role in people's living, aquatic and terrestrial living organisms, and agricultural production. Compared to other ecosystems, rivers support a disproportionately large number of *Corresponding author: plant and animal species. However, excessive human activities have busted the original Chalachew Yenew ecological balance by polluting the river ecosystem. As a result, partial or total affected the structure and functions of the river ecosystem. This review aimed to investigate the major ecological restoration methods of the polluted river ecosystem. [email protected] Methods: We have adopted the procedures from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The required data were Environmental Health Science, Social and collected via a literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Population Health (SPH) Unit, College of EMBASE, HINARI, and Cochrane Library from the 9th of September, 2019 to the 5th Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor of March, 2020 using combined terms. Articles were included in our review; only if University, Ethiopia it assessed empirically and comparison and contrast between two or more different restoration methods. This review; it is mainly included published research articles, national reports, and annual reports and excluded opinion essays. Citation: Yenew C (2021) Key Restoration Results: Commonly used methods for restoration of polluted rivers around the Methods of a Polluted River Ecosystem: A globe could be categorized depending on the physical, chemical, and biological Systematic Review. -
Are Socioeconomic Benefits of Restoration Adequately Quantified?
REVIEW ARTICLE Are Socioeconomic Benefits of Restoration Adequately Quantified? A Meta-analysis of Recent Papers (2000–2008) in Restoration Ecology and 12 Other Scientific Journals James Aronson,1,2 James N. Blignaut,3 Suzanne J. Milton,4 David Le Maitre,5 Karen J. Esler,6 Amandine Limouzin,1 Christelle Fontaine,1 Martin P. de Wit,7,8 Worship Mugido,9 Philip Prinsloo,8 Leandri van der Elst,8 and Ned Lederer8 Abstract journals. We readily acknowledge that aquatic ecosystems Many ecosystems have been transformed, or degraded are under-represented, and that the largely inaccessible by human use, and restoration offers an opportunity to gray literature was ignored. Within these constraints, we recover services and benefits, not to mention intrinsic val- found clear evidence that restoration practitioners are fail- ues. We assessed whether restoration scientists and prac- ing to signal links between ecological restoration, society, titioners use their projects to demonstrate the benefits and policy, and are underselling the evidence of benefits restoration can provide in their peer-reviewed publications. of restoration as a worthwhile investment for society. We We evaluated a sample of the academic literature to deter- discuss this assertion and illustrate it with samples of our mine whether links are made explicit between ecological findings—with regards to (1) the geographical and institu- restoration, society, and public policy related to natural tional affiliations of authors; (2) the choice of ecosystems capital. We analyzed 1,582 peer-reviewed papers dealing studied, methods employed, monitoring schemes applied, with ecological restoration published between 1 January and the spatial scale of studies; and (3) weak links to pay- 2000 and 30 September 2008 in 13 leading scientific jour- ments for ecosystem service setups, agriculture, and rami- nals. -
Detective Work Across Dingo Fence Reveals New Factor in Woody Shrub Invasion 5 December 2016
Detective work across dingo fence reveals new factor in woody shrub invasion 5 December 2016 author UNSW Associate Professor Mike Letnic. "These weeds reduce the availability of feed for livestock and hinder access for mustering. But removing them is contentious, because they are classified as native vegetation." To measure the encroachment of woody shrubs into grasslands, the researchers, led by PhD candidate Christopher Gordon from Western Sydney University, examined aerial photographs of far western NSW and eastern South Australia spanning a 50 year period. A dusky hopping mouse which eats the seeds of woody shrubs in semi-arid Australia. Credit: Ben Moore Extermination of dingoes and the consequent loss of small mammals - not just overgrazing by livestock - have led to a rapid spread of woody shrubs across semi-arid Australia, a new study shows. Re-introduction of small mammals to desert areas could help prevent further invasion by the woody weeds, the researchers suggest. A dingo in semi-arid Australia. Extermination of dingoes The study in outback NSW compared conditions and consequent loss of small mammals have led to a on either side of the dingo fence - a two-metre tall, rapid spread of woody shrubs across semi-arid Australia. 5600-kilometre long fence erected more than a Credit: Ben Moore century ago to keep dingoes out of eastern Australia. Dingoes are common on the western side of the They assessed four sites in the Strzelecki Desert, fence, but rare on the other side, due to intensive two on either side of the dingo fence. The results control measures including poisoning, trapping and are published in the Journal of Animal Ecology. -
Exploring and Understanding the Restoration Economy
Working Paper No. 2014-01 Exploring and Understanding the Restoration Economy Todd K. BenDor T. William Lester Avery Livengood University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Adam Davis Ecosystem Investment Partners‐Advisory Logan Yonavjak Yale University Center for Urban and Regional Studies The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Campus Box 3410, Hickerson House Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3410 Telephone: 919-962-3074 FAX 919-962-2518 curs.unc.edu Exploring and Understanding the Restoration Economy Todd K. BenDor T. William Lester Avery Livengood University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Adam Davis Ecosystem Investment Partners-Advisory Logan Yonavjak Yale University Introduction For decades, industry groups and the American media have propagated the notion that environmental protection is Bad for Business (Bezdek et al. 2008, Goodstein 1994). Recent polls demonstrate that this idea is widely accepted as fact (Chinni 2011); proponents of projects that require environmental permits to impact species haBitat, water resources and other natural features often appeal to the puBlic using the assumption that more jobs will Be created By allowing for environmentally-destructive development practices. Underscoring this trend, the U.S. ChamBer of Commerce recently released a report, Progress Denied, blaming “corrosive” declines in joB growth on the environmental permitting process (Pociask and Fuhr 2011). What has Been almost entirely missing from this public deBate is a detailed accounting of the economic output and joBs in the U.S. that are actually created through environmental conservation, restoration, and mitigation actions – the activities that are part of what we will call the “Restoration Economy.”1 This economy is comprised by the restoration sector, a variety of industries, including earth movers, plant nurseries, legal and planning practices, landscape architects, construction companies, and other firms that contribute to the ecological restoration process. -
The Myths of Restoration Ecology
Copyright © 2005 by the author(s). Published here under license by the Resilience Alliance. Hilderbrand, R. H., A. C. Watts, and A. M. Randle 2005. The myths of restoration ecology. Ecology and Society 10(1): 19. [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol10/iss1/art19/ Perspective The Myths of Restoration Ecology Robert H. Hilderbrand1, Adam C. Watts2, and April M. Randle3 Key Words: carbon copy; command and control; cookbook; ecological restoration; fast forward; field of dreams; myths; resilience; restoration ecology; Sisyphus complex INTRODUCTION and gains are often not functionally equivalent to losses (Zedler 2000a, National Research Council Humanity’s ever-increasing ability to effect 2001). Increasing human population growth and environmental change on a number of spatial and resource consumption continue to place additional temporal scales requires tough decisions about how stresses on systems and demands more capacity and we view, value, and manage ecosystems. For services, rather than simple maintenance of current example, advances in agriculture that support vastly services. Thus, we must either alter consumption or more people per unit area than hunting and gathering rely on our ability to create, restore, and enhance are clearly a positive outcome for society. However, ecosystems and their services. many beneficial land-use practices, including agriculture, may ultimately degrade ecosystems. To Despite our dependence on healthy ecosystems, function as a society, some amount of ecosystem society has made the decision to continue life as alteration must occur to support the human usual until a loss of valued goods and services is population, but we are ultimately dependent on realized; then, society will expect and rely on ecosystem services.