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The Evolution of the Placenta Drives a Shift in Sexual Selection in Livebearing Fish
LETTER doi:10.1038/nature13451 The evolution of the placenta drives a shift in sexual selection in livebearing fish B. J. A. Pollux1,2, R. W. Meredith1,3, M. S. Springer1, T. Garland1 & D. N. Reznick1 The evolution of the placenta from a non-placental ancestor causes a species produce large, ‘costly’ (that is, fully provisioned) eggs5,6, gaining shift of maternal investment from pre- to post-fertilization, creating most reproductive benefits by carefully selecting suitable mates based a venue for parent–offspring conflicts during pregnancy1–4. Theory on phenotype or behaviour2. These females, however, run the risk of mat- predicts that the rise of these conflicts should drive a shift from a ing with genetically inferior (for example, closely related or dishonestly reliance on pre-copulatory female mate choice to polyandry in conjunc- signalling) males, because genetically incompatible males are generally tion with post-zygotic mechanisms of sexual selection2. This hypoth- not discernable at the phenotypic level10. Placental females may reduce esis has not yet been empirically tested. Here we apply comparative these risks by producing tiny, inexpensive eggs and creating large mixed- methods to test a key prediction of this hypothesis, which is that the paternity litters by mating with multiple males. They may then rely on evolution of placentation is associated with reduced pre-copulatory the expression of the paternal genomes to induce differential patterns of female mate choice. We exploit a unique quality of the livebearing fish post-zygotic maternal investment among the embryos and, in extreme family Poeciliidae: placentas have repeatedly evolved or been lost, cases, divert resources from genetically defective (incompatible) to viable creating diversity among closely related lineages in the presence or embryos1–4,6,11. -
Marine Guide Setting up a Marine Aquarium
Marine Guide Setting up a marine aquarium A guide to make fish-keeping easier for you and more enjoyable for your fish. Marine Guide Index Page Contents 3 Introduction 3 Buying your aquarium 3 Assembly and set up 3 Maturing the filter system 4 Ways to speed up the maturation process. 4 Stocking the marine aquarium 4 Introducing new fish 4 Fish/Invertebrate community system 5 Creating fertile seawater 5 Weekly checks and maintenance 5 Monthly checks and maintenance 5 Recognising & dealing with ill health 6 Fish diseases chart 7 Shopping List All Information contained in this guide is given to the best of our knowledge and abilities. However, we cannot be held responsible for any losses or damage caused by the misinterpretation or misunderstanding of any of the enclosed or caused by misdiagnosis or the misuse of Waterlife products. Copyright © Waterlife Research Industries Ltd. 2008. Waterlife Research Ind. Ltd. Bath Road, Longford, Middlesex UB7 OED Great Britain. ©Copyright Waterlife Research Ind. Ltd. 2011. E&OE Mar 2011 2 Introduction Marine fish are, in our opinion, the most beautiful creatures on this planet. We are fortunate to be able to appreciate this beauty without fear of debilitating the reefs, thanks to an increasingly responsible sustainable marine trade, supplemented by captive-breeding programs. The latter is a subject close to our own hearts, having successfully reared the first Percula clown fishes in captivity in the UK in the 1970's. However, beauty comes at a price, these stunning creatures are more complex to keep in captivity than freshwater fish and so require investment in additional equipment….but we are confident we can help you achieve this with the Waterlife SeAquarium range. -
Tropical Fish Now That You Have Set up Your Aquarium and Are Starting to Think About Adding Fish, You Have Many Choices to Choose From
Tropical Fish Now that you have set up your aquarium and are starting to think about adding fish, you have many choices to choose from. One specific type of fish is the tropical fish, found in tropical waters all over the world and in areas near the equator. They can live in fresh water such as ponds, lakes, streams and even oceans that are salt water. In home aquariums, tropical fish are usually kept in heated fish tanks or in areas where the ambient room temperature is between 70°F - 82°F. As you make your decisions, be sure to research their compatibility, hardiness and if they are a schooling fish or not. Selecting the right fish will help ensure that you have hours of enjoyment and success. Today, many freshwater fish are captive bred either in fish farms or by hobbyists, making them readily available and easy to find. Popular freshwater tropical fish include Bettas, Guppies, Tetras, Swordtails, Platys, Barbs, Mollies and Corydoras among others. Sometimes people starting out in the aquatic hobby may not always provide their fish with ideal living conditions. Fish recommended for beginners and new aquariums must be durable and able to handle sometimes-poor water quality and stressful living conditions. The list included here are freshwater fish and will provide you with a nice assortment to consider. Cold -Water Fish The most common cold-water fish species is the goldfish but there are many other fish species that do not require a heated tank such as White Cloud Mountain Minnows, Bloodfin Tetras, and Rosy Barbs among others; where their preferred water temperature is between 64 to 72 degrees F. -
A Composição E Distribuição Da Ictiofauna De Interesse Ornamental No Estado Do Pará
Universidade Federal do Pará Núcleo de Ciências Agrárias e Desenvolvimento Rural Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Amazônia Oriental Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal JAIME RIBEIRO CARVALHO JÚNIOR A Composição E Distribuição Da Ictiofauna De Interesse Ornamental No Estado Do Pará Belém 2008 JAIME RIBEIRO CARVALHO JÚNIOR A COMPOSIÇÃO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DA ICTIOFAUNA DE INTERESSE ORNAMENTAL NO ESTADO DO PARÁ Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciência Animal. Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciência Animal. Núcleo de Ciências Agrárias e Desenvolvimento Rural. Universidade Federal do Pará. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – Amazônia Oriental. Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. Área de concentração: Ecologia Aquática e Aqüicultura. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Luiza Nakayama Belém 2008 JAIME RIBEIRO CARVALHO JÚNIOR A COMPOSIÇÃO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DA ICTIOFAUNA DE INTERESSE ORNAMENTAL NO ESTADO DO PARÁ Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciência Animal. Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciência Animal. Núcleo de Ciências Agrárias e Desenvolvimento Rural. Universidade Federal do Pará, da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – Amazônia Oriental. Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. Área de concentração: Ecologia Aquática e Aqüicultura. Data da aprovação. Belém-PA : ____/____/___ Banca Examinadora: _______________________________ Profa. Dra. Luiza Nakayama Universidade Federal do Pará _______________________________ Prof. Dr. Julio César Pieczarka Universidade Federal do Pará _______________________________ Prof. Dr. Raimundo Aderson Lobão de Souza Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Dedico a minha família “CARDUME” (tanto de pernas como de nadadeiras) companheiros amazônicos que me ensinam a cada dia algo diferente, mesmo que seja algo insano...Isso tudo é para vocês. -
Your Guide to Aquatic Success. from Setup to Bringing Home Your New Aquatic Life, Petco Is Here for You Each Step of the Way
your guide to aquatic success. From setup to bringing home your new aquatic life, Petco is here for you each step of the way. Setup Freshwater This handy guide will help take the guesswork out of correctly freshwater aquarium setup setting up your freshwater or saltwater aquarium. From initial setup to adding new fish, you’ll find everything you need to know to take the plunge into the world of aquatics. Go to petco.com for aquatic care tips, products and product reviews and to find the store nearest you. For even more aquatic fun, go to petcoscoop.com to dive into our online fish forum! Use the tabs to find details on each step of your aquarium setup process: Freshwater Aquarium Setup 2 Creating a healthy and problem-free freshwater aquarium takes a little extra care and patience in the beginning. By following these simple steps, Saltwater Aquarium Setup 6 you’ll have a tank you can enjoy for many years to come. The Nitrogen Cycle 10 Tank Location: First, determine the best location for your aquarium. It should be placed out of direct sunlight and away from windows, exterior Water Quality 14 doors, heat vents or air conditioners. Rapid changes in temperature are extremely stressful to fish, and direct sunlight will quickly turn your Acclimation Guide 16 beautiful tank into a murky green algae farm. Also, remember that water weighs about 10 pounds per gallon. If you have a 75-gallon tank, be sure Tank Maintenance 20 your floor will support at least 750 pounds. Since most tanks require multiple outlets, make sure an outlet is nearby, and plan ahead with a Petco’s Commitments 22 surge-protected power strip. -
Greetings….And Salutations! Looking Back …
Greetings….and salutations! This club has exploded! With the expansion in members it has become increasingly difficult to meet the needs of all the various members. However, this growth has also allowed us to bring in more guest speakers, have a great BBQ and it puts us in a position to have an astounding first. The Reef Tour this year is FREE! That’s right, never before have we not asked for a minimal donation to support the club and the Reef Tour. Keep your eyes posted to your emails and the message board. If you are new to the club, or the hobby you will undoubtedly find other members with larger tanks. So what did we do…we looked for information on those tanks. Sit back and enjoy! Looking Back … By: Shane Heil Shortly after my wife and I married, her parents came to visit and brought a small load of her childhood treasures. I looked through the box with little interest until I happened onto a small fish tank. I didn’t really know what I was looking at but my wife was more than happy to explain. If she had known then what that five gallon aquarium would lead to I’m sure she would have kept her mouth shut. But, as fate would have it, she didn’t and we set up our first aquarium that night. Our first attempt at aquatic life was not fish, but rather a small snapping turtle. I was fascinated watching the turtle hunt and eat goldfish. I also found myself spending more and more time staring at fish at the local fish store. -
Bolivian Ram Mikrogeophagus Altispinosus 1 106 YEARS of E DUCATING a QUARISTS AQUATICA VOL
AQUATICA T H E O N - L I N E J O U R N A L O F T H E B R O O K L Y N A Q U A R I U M S O C I E T Y VOL. 31 NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 2017 No. 2 Bolivian Ram Mikrogeophagus altispinosus 1 106 YEARS OF E DUCATING A QUARISTS AQUATICA VOL. 31 NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 2017 NO. 2 C ONTENTS PAGE 2 THE AQUATICA STAFF. PAGE 21 WHITE WORMS. How to set up and breed white worns as food for your fish. PAGE 3 CALENDAR OF EVENTS. JOHN TODARO -BAS BAS Events for the years 2017 - 2018 PAGE 22 MEET THE STONY CORALS: PAGE 4 UNDERSTANDING POTENTIAL PART 5. PLATE CORAL/DISK CORAL FUNGIA HYDROGEN (pH). An easy to scale understand ex- SPECIES. Keeping plate corals plation of the pH in the aquarium. TONY KROEGER -BAS RYAN CURTIS - BAS PAGE 26 COKE BOTTLE USED AS KILLIE FISH PAGE 5 BREEDING MICROGEOPHAGUS HATCHERY. How to use plastic Coke soda bottles as ALTISPINOSA, THE BOLIVIAN RAM. This artilce hatchies for killiefish. outlines the breeding of the Bolivian Ram in detail. LARRY FELTS - NHAS EDWARD D. BURRESS -PVAS PAGE 28 BAS TAKES A DAY TRIP TO PAGE 10 CICHLISOMA FESTAE - THE RED ABSOLUTELY FISH. Our trip to Absolutely fish TERROR. The breeding of this big cichlid. and a special trip to their marine breeding facility. JOSEPH GRAFFAGNINO CHARLEY GRIMES -YATFS -BAS PAGE 32 CORYDORAS NAPOENSIS. PAGE 12 CORAL CONSERVATION EFFORTS A report on the breeding of this medium. size AIDED BY COMPUTER SIMULATION. -
Uva-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) From the Amazonriver to the Amazon molly and back again Poeser, F.N. Publication date 2003 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Poeser, F. N. (2003). From the Amazonriver to the Amazon molly and back again. IBED, Universiteit van Amsterdam. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:24 Sep 2021 From the Amazon river to the Amazon molly and back again: Introduction iii Pre-Hennigian taxonomy of Poecilia In this introduction, I summarize the taxonomy of Poecilia and its allies. This is done in two chronological arranged sections. A third section is moved to Appendix 1. In Appendix 1, I summarize the taxa recorded by Eschmeyer (1990) as former and present synonyms of Poecilia in alphabetic order. -
Giant Clams, Green Snails, Penaeid Shrimps, and Others
ISSN 1018-3116 Inshore Fisheries Research Project SPREP Report and Studies Technical Document No. 7 Series No. 78 PERSPECTIVES IN AQUATIC EXOTIC SPECIES MANAGEMENT IN THE PACIFIC ISLANDS VOLUME 1 INTRODUCTIONS OF COMMERCIALLY SIGNIFICANT AQUATIC ORGANISMS TO THE PACIFIC ISLANDS by L.G. Eldredge Pacific Science Association Honolulu, Hawaii, USA South Pacific Commission Noumea, New Caledonia PERSPECTIVES IN AQUATIC EXOTIC SPECIES MANAGEMENT IN THE PACIFIC ISLANDS VOLUME 1 INTRODUCTIONS OF COMMERCIALLY SIGNIFICANT AQUATIC ORGANISMS TO THE PACIFIC ISLANDS by L.G. Eldredge Pacific Science Association Honolulu, Hawaii, USA South Pacific Commission Noumea, New Caledonia March 1994 INTRODUCTION Documentation of animals introduced to Pacific islands since European contact is for the most part anecdotal. Long-term, quantitative studies have not been conducted in the marine environment as they have in other areas. The purpose of this review is to record the intentional and accidental in- troduction of aquatic plants and animals to the Pacific islands (the area encompassed by the South Pacific Commission). Plants and animals are distributed either intentionally or accidentally. Five periods of introductions for aquatic and terrestrials animals have been proposed (Eldredge, 1992). A sixth period is added herein. In summary these periods are: 1. The early period of settlement of islands by traditional voyagers when traditional life styles were maintained. This continuation of life style has been interpreted as 'transported landscapes' by anthropologists (Kirch, 1982a and 1982b). Roberts (1991) described voyager-related rat dispersal among the islands as early as 3100 to 2500 B.P. It was during this time that chickens, dogs, pigs, etc. were intentionally carried around. -
1 Peces 1 13 Low.Pdf
ISSN 2410-7492 Acces RNPS 2403 Abierto Revista Cubana de Zoología http://revistas.geotech.cu/index.php/poey COLECCIONES ZOOLÓGICAS 503 (julio-diciembre, 2016): 1 - 13 Catálogo ilustrado de los especímenes tipo de peces cubanos II (Osteichthyes, clase: Actinopterygii: Cyprinodontiformes, Gadiformes, Lampridiformes, Mugiliformes, Myctophiformes, Ophidiformes) Isabel FALOH-GANDARILLA1* , Luis S. ALVAREZ-LAJONCHERE2 , Erik GARCÍA- MACHADO3 , Elena GUTIÉRREZ DE LOS REYES1 , María.V.OROZCO1 , Rolando CORTÉS1 , Yusimí ALFONSO1 , Elida LEMUS1 , Raúl Igor CORRADA WONG1 , Pedro CHEVALIER- MONTEAGUDO1 , Alexis Ramón FERNÁNDEZ OSORIA1 , Roberto PÉREZ DE LOS REYES1 , Isis L. ÁLVAREZ1 1Acuario Nacional de Cuba (ANC), Ave. Primera y Calle 60, Miramar, Playa, La Habana, Cuba. 2Calle 41 No. 886, N. Vedado, Plaza, La Habana, C.P. 10600, Cuba 3Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de la Habana, Calle 16, No. 114 entre 1ra y 3ra, Miramar, Playa, La Habana, C.P. 11300, Cuba *Autor para correspondencia: [email protected] Resumen. Se recopila información para representar los MYCTOPHIFORMES, OPHIDIFORMES). The especímenes tipo de 29 especies de peces cubanos information from different databases was collected to (Superclase Osteichthyes), desde el Orden present the type specimens of 29 Cuban fishes (Superclass Cyprinodontiformes hasta el Orden Ophidiiformes. La Osteichthyes) in alphabetical order of the order of the Class recopilación se ha hecho según el orden alfabético de los from Cyprinodontiformes to Ophidiiformes; with their Órdenes de la Clase; con ilustraciones y datos asociados. 11 original illustrations and associated data. 11 of them are de las especies fueron descritas por Don Felipe Poey y Aloy, Poey's specimens, the famous Cuban naturalist from 19th conocido naturalista cubano del siglo XIX. -
Poecilia Picta, a Close Relative to the Guppy, Exhibits Red Male Coloration Polymorphism: a System for Phylogenetic Comparisons
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2015 Poecilia picta, a close relative to the guppy, exhibits red male coloration polymorphism: a system for phylogenetic comparisons Lindholm, Anna K ; Sandkam, Ben ; Pohl, Kristina ; Breden, Felix Abstract: Studies on the evolution of female preference and male color polymorphism frequently focus on single species since traits and preferences are thought to co-evolve. The guppy, Poecilia reticulata, has long been a premier model for such studies because female preferences and orange coloration are well known to covary, especially in upstream/downstream pairs of populations. However, focused single species studies lack the explanatory power of the comparative method, which requires detailed knowledge of multiple species with known evolutionary relationships. Here we describe a red color polymorphism in Poecilia picta, a close relative to guppies. We show that this polymorphism is restricted to males and is maintained in natural populations of mainland South America. Using tests of female preference we show female P. picta are not more attracted to red males, despite preferences for red/orange in closely related species, such as P. reticulata and P. parae. Male color patterns in these closely related species are different from P. picta in that they occur in discrete patches and are frequently Y chromosome-linked. P. reticulata have an almost infinite number of male patterns, while P. parae males occur in discrete morphs. We show the red male polymorphism in P. picta extends continuously throughout the body and is not a Y-linked trait despite the theoretical prediction that sexually-selected characters should often be linked to the heterogametic sex chromosome. -
Molecular Phylogeny of the Live-Bearing Fish Genus Poecilia (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) Felix Breden,* Margaret B
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Vol. 12, No. 2, July, pp. 95–104, 1999 Article ID mpev.1998.0600, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on Molecular Phylogeny of the Live-Bearing Fish Genus Poecilia (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) Felix Breden,* Margaret B. Ptacek,† Michael Rashed,* Donald Taphorn,‡ and Carlos Augusto Figueiredo§ *Behavioural Ecology Research Group and Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6; †Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209-8007; ‡Museo de Ciencias Naturales, UNELLEZ, Guanare, Edo. Portuguesa, Venezuela 3310; and §Departamento de Zoologia, Laborato´ rio de Ictiologia Geral e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21944-970 Brazil Received December 2, 1997; revised September 14, 1998 United States to Bolivia and southern Brazil. Species of Members of the genus Poecilia exhibit extensive Poecilia are found in a wide range of habitats, exhibit morphological, behavioral, and life history variation morphological and behavioral differentiation within within and between species. This natural variation, and between species, and have been studied exten- coupled with short generation times and the ease with sively for the effects of natural and sexual selection. We which members of this genus can be cultured in the present a phylogeny of this genus based on NADH lab, have made several species model systems for Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 (ND2) sequence variation, in studying the effects of sexual and natural selection on order to resolve some of the relationships within Poe- the evolution of natural populations. Given that there cilia and to provide a phylogenetic context for studies of is no clear understanding of the phylogenetic relation- ships within the genus, these studies have not been put sexual selection in this group.