Book Reviews Bearing the Witness of the Spirit: Lesslie Newbigin's of Cultural Plurality.

By George R. Hunsberger. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans,1998. Pp.xii,341.Paperback $28.

ChurchhistorianGeoffreyWainwrighthas became rather alarmed because I didn't nuanced, and brimming with insight into said that when the history of the church in know I had a philosophy of culture." the structure of Newbigin's theology and the twentieth century comes to be written, However, Newbigin's ad hoc and into a number of significant issues Lesslie Newbigin will be considered one contextual theology has always issued discussed in missiology today. This book of thetenor twelvemostinfluentialfigures. from a sound theological foundation. is a (slightly revised) publication of The significance of Newbigin's legacy can Hunsberger has exposed that theological Hunsberger's 1987 doctoral dissertation alreadybe gaugedby the number of Ph. D. foundation for cultural plurality by at PrincetonTheological Seminary, with a dissertations in process that deal with his examiningthemesessentialto Newbigin's new opening chapter that shows its thought. missionary theology: the missionary, relevance in the present context. As such, Bearing the Witness of the Spirit is a significance of the doctrine of election, it does not contain any assessment of pioneering work that examines Jesus Christ and the kingdom of God as Newbigin's writing in the last ten years of Newbigin's missionary theology. the clue to the meaning of universal his life (about eighty items, by my count), Hunsberger is professor of missiology at history; conversion and the boundaries of including perhaps his most important WesternTheologicalSeminaryin Holland, the community called church; and the book, The Gospel in a Pluralist Society. Michigan, and coordinator of the growing relationship of the Gospel as "secular However, this does not at all detract from GospelandOurCultureNetworkin North announcement" to other religions. The the valuable contribution this book will America. In this book Hunsberger concluding section exposes Newbigin's make to missiological discussion today. uncoversa "theologyofculturalplurality" theology of culture by employing a -Michael Goheen implicit in Newbigin's writings. I believe triangular model with culture, Gospel, Newbigin may have responded to this and church at the three corners, and proposal in a way similar to the remarkhe examining the three axes of Gospel­ Michael Goheen is Professor of Mission and made upon hearing that a Dutch culture, Gospel-church, and church­ Worldview Studies, Redeemer College, Ancaster, philosopher had written a paper entitled culture. Ontario,Canada. "Newbigin's Philosophy of Culture": "I The book is clearly written, highly

Strategy of the Spirit: J. Philip Hogan further inquiryand dialogue. Perhapsthis and the Growth of the Assemblies of is a project whose time has come-a God Worldwide, 1960-1990. missions-specific compilation of biographical legacies/autobiographical By Everett A. Wilson. Carlisle, Cumbria, reflections and bibliographic resources England, and Irvine, Calif.: Regnum Books/ from the twentieth-century Pentecostal Paternoster Press, 1997. Pp. xiv, 214. missions community. Paperback $19.95. -Grant McClung

If missionary biography is a means to bringing the far-reaching contributions of Grant McClung, former miseionaru in Europe, is understanding mission history and Hogan into wider circulation. the Coordinator of Education for Church of God strategy, then Everett Wilson's important Hogan, who had served the WorldMissionsandAssociateProfessor ofMissions newbookis a significantdoorwaythrough Assemblies in pre-Communist China andChurchGrowthattheChurch ofGodTheological which one can enter into the ethos of the (Ningpo, Chekiang Province, East China) Seminary in Cleveland, Tennessee. Assemblies of God (AOG), the prototype and Taiwan, was AOG director of the denomination of the twentieth-century Division of Foreign Missions during the Pentecostal movement. Everett Wilson is turbulent and transitional years of 1960­ the president of Bethany College in Scotts 90. Wilson presents him as a rugged Valley, California, and director of individualist who combined a passionate CINCEL-the Latin America Language heart with a singular tough-mindedness. God-Mystery-Diversity: Christian and Research Center in San Jose, Costa Hogan, typical of his generation of Theology in a Pluralistic World. Rica-both of them AOG institutions. Pentecostalleaders,wasmore of anactivist Being an insider of the denomination missions promoter/strategist than one ByGordon D. Kaufman. Minneapolis: Fortress and an obvious admirer of J. Philip Hogan provided with the luxury of time for Press, 1996. Pp. xii, 233. Paperback $21. makes it difficult for Wilson to offer an reflection and writing. Yet, the samples of objective analysis of Hogan or a critique of various quotationsfrom Hogan'swritings Gordon Kaufman presents a forthright his own missions organization. Never­ (mostly informal articles from challenge to the traditional Christian theless, the author is to be credited for denominational publications) invite understanding of world mission. He forcefully argues that truth is not

80 INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF MISSIONARY RESEARCH mono lithic b u t pluralist ic, that truth in simple and straightforw ard terms what turned more and more to Asia, as Asia n emerges through open d ia logue as they wanted and neede d to know about im migra tion w as beco m in g an opposed to being revealed at a particular the wide world of religio n. He had begun inc re asi ngly importan t fac tor in th e time and p lace in history. According to as an A fr ica n is t, an d so me, myself re ligious d emography of th e United Kaufman, we should abandon the task of include d, think that his experience in Kingd om , and the mainst ream churches findin g a co nc ep tuality ca pable of Africa, between 1933and 1956,stimulated see me d at a loss to know how to react to it. ex p lain ing th e di ver sity of religi ous him to produce his best wo rk, Religion in As far back as the late 1950s Parr inder had ph enomena an d instea d be content to live an African City (1953) being particu larl y been writin g popu lar books about Asian with a cer tain measur e of ambiguity, good. religions an d how the Chr istian migh t thereb y crea ting a clim ate for toler ance In 1958 Parrinder returned to Londo n, assess them, and he followed this line and mu tual respect. where he taught at King's Co llege until through out the rem ainder of his long and Kaufman is ad ama nt that the claim his retireme nt in 1977; he con tinues to live fru itfu l career. H is best no n-African book that Ch ristian ity is abso lute or fina l is "an near London. From Africa his attention was no doubt AvatarandIncarnation(1970) . intrinsically unstable position"(p. 18). An absoluti st sta nce on religio us questions o ffe rs " re ligious legi tim a tion for dangerous ly parochial social and ethnic movem en ts and practices that, in their divisiveness and destructiv eness, are a th reat to all human ity" (p . 191). Yet Kaufman h imself argu es in an absolutist fas hion that all ideas are relative and that pluralism is the only vi ab le wa y of understandin g religio us tr u th. H e contends that matt ers of ultimate im po rt and conce rn are bes t gras pe d thr ough "democratic intera ction " (p.203). For faith in Jesus Christ he substitutes faith in interrelig ious d ialogu e. He cha mpions "unr estricted openness" in the discussion of fund amen tal questions. All positions should be accepted in interfai th discussion on "eq ua l terms" (p. 214). Here we see the ban kru ptcy ofa liberalism that ineluctab ly leads into postmod ernism, thus subve rting the claims of historic Christian faith. - Dona ld G. Bloesch

DonaldG.Bloeschis Emeritus ProfessorofTheologtJ, University of Dllbuque Theological Seminary , Dubuque, Iowa. " Lesslie Newbigin was one of the great semina l Christian thinkers of the twentieth century. The merit of this study is that it ide ntifie s the theological bedrock on wh ich Newbigin based his engagement with the burning issues facing the contemporary church. Newbigin A Bag of Needments: Geoffrey was a passionate thinker who boldly engaged th e issues of the Parrinder and the Study of Religion. day affecting the life and witness of the Ch ristian church. It is By Martin Fo rward. Bern: Peter Lang, 1998. instructive to see how these cor e convictions reliably guided him. Pp. 181. $30.95/DM 54/£19. Implicitly, Hunsberger's elaboration of Newbigin's thought call s us Those who, like myself, were privileged to a recovery of conviction, hope, and pa ssion for the gospel, to know and work together with Geoffrey precisely in a radically pluralist world ." -WILBERT R. SHENK Parrinder in the United Kingd om in the peri od from abo ut 1965 to 1976 remember him with affection , no t untou ched wi th a ''A pioneering assessment of Lesslie Newbigin's legacy." sha dow of envy. A mo re likable person it wo uld be hard to imagin e. The envy was -GERALD H. ANDERSON generated by w ha t seeme d to younger colleagues to be the effor tless ease wi th ISBN 0-8028-4369-7 • 353 pages • Paperback • $28.00 which he produced book after book- and had them all publi shed! In those years Par rinder was the compa rative religion ist At your bookstore, who was read by people who did not as a or call 1-800-253-7521 8550 II\... WM. B. EERDMANS rule read com parative religion, notbecause FAX: 616-459-6540 _ I \~ PUBLISHING CO. he was a grea t stylist (he was no t), but E-mail: sales@ee rdmans.com 255 JEFFERSON AVE. S.E. I GRAND RAPID S, MI 49503 becau se he had the kn ack of telling peop Ie

April 1999 81 In fairness, it must be said, however, that ow e its subject a debtofgratitude-among A Legacy Remembered: A Century he brok e little or no new ground, his whom this present reviewer is happy to of Medical Missions. methods and approaches being those of count himself. an olde r generation of Christian liberals. -Eric J. Sharpe By Sophie Mon tgomery Crane. Franklin, Martin Forw ard's book, a rev ised Tenn.: Providence House Publishers, 1998. version of his Ph .D. thesis, is a careful and Pp. xoi, 496. $24.95. sympathetic survey of Parrinder's career Eric [. Sharpe is Emeritus Professor of Religious and work as a mission ary, ed uca tor, and Studiesat the University of Sydney. Here is a fine account of the medical writer and will be welcomed by all who mission wo rk of the Presby terian Church in the United States (PCUS), commonly kn own as th e Sou the rn Presby terian Church. It covers the period from 1881, when the PCUS appoin te d it s fir st missionary physician, to 1983, when the PCUS un ited with the Un ited Presbyterian Church to form the Presbyterian Church (USA).Sophie Montgom ery Crane is well qualified to tell thi s story, for as the daughter of PCUS mission aries in China, she married Paul Cra ne, M.D., and the two served from 1947 to 1969 as PCUS med ical missionaries in Korea. The book Kerr Woodberry Wilson Thompson aro se from a trip that she and her husband took in 1985 to visit Presbyterian medical missions in ten countries in Asia and ten 1999-2000 Senior Mission Scholars more in Africa. This account is based on O MSC welcomes into residence for th e fall 1999 semester Senior re search in historical archive s, plus Mission Scho lars David A. Kerr and J. Dudley Woodberry. Beginning his interviews w ith seven ty-five persons involved in PCUS med ical mission work. career in the Middle East, Dr. Kerr is known for his expertise in th e area of The bulk of the book is given ove r to C hristian-Muslim relation s. He has taught at Selly Oak Colleges, the PCUS med ical mission record in three Birmingham , th e Duncan Black Macd onald Ce nter for th e Study of Islam countries (China, Kor ea, and Belgian and Christian-Muslim Relations at Hartford Seminary, Connecticut, and Congo / Zai re), w ith shorter but very now at Edinburgh University, where he directs the Cen tre for the Study of grip ping acco un ts of six othe r lands C hristianity in the Non-Western World: Dr. Woodberry is the retiring (M exico, Brazil, Japan, Ta iwan, Dean and Professor of Islami c Studies, School of W orld Mission, Fuller Ban glad esh, and Haiti). The writer gives Seminary, Pasadena, Ca liforn ia. Ordained in the Presbyterian Church outlines ofhow PCUS miss ion work began (USA) , for several years he pastored chur ches in Kabul , Afghanistan, and in each country and of the beginnings of Riyadh, Saudia Arabia. He is editor of Muslims and Christians on the Emmaus med ical mission s in particula r. Then she tells of the wo rk of individual ho spitals or Road (989). m edical cen te rs and of th e m ed ical In the spring se mester of 2000 OMSC 's S enior Mission personnel that worked there.She rem inds Scholars will be Samuel Wilson and T. Jack Thompson. Dr. Wilson is us tha t"the finan cial support for the PCUS Professor of Missions and Evangelism , Trinity Episcopal School for med ical programs always hung by a slender thread because the need s and Ministry, Ambridge, Pennsylvania. He served for a number of years as a opportunities far exceeded the resou rces mission ary with th e C hristian and Mission ary Alliance in Peru , and then provid ed by the PCUS commun ity" (p. dire cted the MAR C division of W orld Vision International, where he 11). Yet the med ical workers persevered , worked alongs ide Dr. Raymond Bakke in organizing evangelism and church generally starting w ith the imme dia te planting workshops aro und the world in major urb an settings. Dr. probl em s of the treatment of disease, but Thompson is seconded by the Presbyterian Church of Ireland to the Ce n tre going on to provid e for th e med ical for the Study of C hristianity in th e Non -Western W orld, Edinburgh, where training of local people, as well as for he is Lecturer in Mission Studies. A former missionary in Malawi, he is th e programs of community healt h through autho r of Christianity in Northern Malawi: Donald Fraser's Missionary Methods pr imary health care. After World War II and Ngoni Culture ( 995). th er e were grea t advances in drugs, vaccines, and med ical techn ology, butalso In addition to providing leadershi p in OMSC's Study Program, the enormous challenges from chao ticpolitical Senior Mission Scholars are available to O MSC residents for counsel and social conditions in man y areas. "The regarding their own mission research interests. mission medical staff had to try to practice a high quality of medicine in the face of OVERSEAS MINISTRIES STUDY CENTER inade qua te supplies, prim itive facilities, 490 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511 vo latile politi cal condi tions, and ever­ Tel (203) 624-6672 Fax (203) 865-2857 incre as ing regul a tions fr om local E-mail [email protected] Web www.OMSC.org go vernments" (p. 17). Along the way, the text is enlivened by striking stories. In Chonju, Korea, the au tho r's husban d initiated a nation wide parasite eradication program (1958-64) th at contributed to the ene rgy of th e

82 I NTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF M ISSIONARY R ESEARCH Korean people an d th ei r economic which it affirms its Dalit roo ts. Finally, thi s is a solid, original, and authentically advances (pp . 144-69). In Za ire, Dr. John "Liberation" outlines four stages Da lits Dalit work. K. Miller sparked an innovative nu trition must pass through before achieving full - John C. B. Webster program for the treatmen t of child ren liberation :establishing a commo n identity, maln ourished due to kw ashiorkor disease becoming consc ious of their state, bein g in John C. B. Webster, a Diaconal Worker of the (pp. 318-22). solidarity, and entering int o the process of Presbyterian Church (USA ) assigned to India, is Some readers might find the text a bit liberation. editorofthe Dalit Internationa lNew sletter,author cho ppe d up by its var ied sections, w ith There are a couple of factua l errors ofThe Dalit Christian s:A History (Dc/hi:ISPCK, constan tly changing locales, person s, and (the grea t Dalit ema ncipa tor was Bhimrao 1994) and The to Dalits (Delhi: ISPCK, historical eras. Yet for those who have Ramji Ambed kar) and so me ques tionable 1995),as wellascoallthorofFrom Role to Identity: value d Christian med ical personnel and h istorical in te rp retations, es pecia lly Dalit Christia n Women in Transition (Delhi: their work as a vital par t of Christian concerning missionaries and Dalits, but ISPCK,1 997). mission in ma ny lands, this book is an inv aluable resource. - James M. Phill ips

James M. Phillips, a contributing editor, served as a WILBERT R. SH EN K Presbyterian missionary in Korea (1949- 52) and in Changing Frontiers in Mission Japan (1959- 75) and as associate director of the American Society of Missiology Series OverseasMinistries Study Center (1983- 97). Reflects on the history of mission and dicerns its new path in a world where "frontier" is no longer geographical, but cultural and spiritual. 250 pp. 1-57075-259-1 paper $22.00

Down Trodden: The Struggle of J AMES A. S CH ER ER AN D S T EV EN B. B EVANS India's Dalits for Identity, New Directions in Mission Solidarity, and Liberation. and Evangelization 3 Faith and Culture Series ByJam esMassey.Geneva:weePublications, Contributors from a variety of Christian churches 1997. Pp. ix, 82. $7.50ISFr 9.901£4.50. explore questions of "inculturation." James Ma ssey is an im portant Dali t 300 pp. 1-57075-258-3 paper $2 5.00 Christian scho lar and activist. He has been the honorary secretary 1director of the K O S UKE K OYA M A Dalit Solidarity Programme an d is also Water Buffalo Theology the Christian memb er of the Na tional Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Edition Commission for Min orities o f th e Revised and Expanded Govern ment of India. He is the author of "The best of Asian scholars attempting to 'reformu­ th re e imp ort ant boo ks o n Da lits late' the Christian message so it will speak to the (un touchables)- Roots (1991), Towards Asian people." ­ Choice Dalit Hermeneutics (1994), an d Dalits in 196 pp. 1-57075-256-7 paper $ 18. 00 India (1995)- and has edited one of the best collections of Dalit theology available, Indigenous Peo ples: Dalits (1994), all of O VEY N. M OHAMMED , s.r, which we re p ublished in India. In Down Muslim-Christian Relations Trodden he uses the essence of these to Past, Present, Future provide the no n-Indian reader wi th the Introduces Islam, reviews the political, cultural and best introduction available to Christian economic obstacles to dialogue . reflection on the Dalits. 160 pp, 1-5 70 75-257-5 paper $ 16 .0 0 Th e b ook h as six chap te rs. "Terminology" deals wi th the India n and, THOMAS BAMAT & J EAN-PA UL WI EST, EDS. more interestingly, the biblical roo ts of "Dalit." "History" p rovides an overview Popular Catholicism of 3,500 years of Dalit oppression and in a World Church coloni zat ion . "Struggle" reviews th at Seven Case Studies in Inculturation history by describ ing Dalit resistance to Faith and Culture Series the injustice and indigni ties imposed upon The Mary knoll Center for Mission Study and th em . "Theology" se ts a th eological Research reports on the faces and forms of popu­ agenda for Christia n Da lits in w hich lar Catholicism . 35 0 pp. 1-57075-252-4 paper $24.00 solida rity plays a central role. "The model of solidarity we find in God's incarna tional Through yo ur bookseller or direct MC/VISA (UPS add 'l) act in hi st ory cha lle nges us as Dalit Christians to follow it, so th at th e OR B IS BOOKS experiences we share with the Dalits in Maryknoll, New York 10545 gene ral sho uld becom e the basis of an "1-800-258-5838 Dept. SAg au then ticDalittheology" (p. 61)."Chur ch" calls the India n church to a new ide ntity in

April 1999 83 The Liturgy After the Liturgy: For tho se un acqua inted with the ethos Mission and Witness from an of the Orthodox Church, the book starts Orthodox Perspective. with an explanation of the liturgy. Bria demonstrates the mission elemen ts of the ByIon Bria.Geneva:WCCPublications, 1996. liturgy with its focus on the wo rld. He Pp. viii, 88. Paperback $8.95. does not shy away from the di fficult con trad ictio ns when speaking of th e Ion Bria, until his retirem ent in 1994, was WCC an d it s missi on conferences "liturgy after the Liturgy," in wh ich the a Romani an Orthodox theologian on the (Bang kok, Melbourne, and San Anton io), life of the believers reflects their worship staff of the World Council of Churc hes Bria p resents the O rthodox liturgical in God's presence. In spite of Orth odox (WCC) for ove r tw enty years. In this br ief perspective as the motivati on, means, and mission principles, there are situa tions volume he ha s provided a compe ndi um content of mission. The stated purpose is where the liturgy is not celebrated in the and d igest of Orthodox missiology over to encour age mission dialogu e between vern acular. Nor does Bria think that the the last qu arter century. Drawing on the the Or thodox and othe r members of the social and polit ical implications of theosis various consultations spo nsored by the WCe. have been worked out. One of the best chapters is entitled "Gospel and Cu lture and Liturgy." This could have been expanded to ex p lo re so me of th e implications Bria tou ches on, espec ially his call for assistan ce in evangelizing the form er Communist countries. While he speaks of assis tance and coope ration, he raises the issue of Uniatism (Christians who use the Byzantine rite but have been united to Rom e since the late sixteenth century). This is a useful introduction to many key issues, not only in the Or tho dox understanding of mission but also in ecumenical relati onships. -James J. Stamoolis

James J. Stamoolis is Executive Director of the Theological Commission of the World Evangelical Fellowship. His missionary service was ill South Africa.

The Call to Retrieval: Kenneth Cragg's Christian Vocation to Islam.

By Christopher Lamb. London: Grey Seal, 1997. Pp. viii, 199. £25.

No Christian scholar in the past forty years has had a gre ater impact on Christian understanding of Islam th an Kenneth Cra gg. Therefore the present volum e is a welc ome analysis and assessment of Cragg's voluminous contribution to the field. Christ opher Lamb, sec re ta ry for interfaith relations for the Gene ral Synod of the Church of Eng land and the Counci l of Churches for Britain and Ireland, star ts by showi ng the formative influences on ISBN 0-8028-0638-4 Cragg in his eva ngelical Ang lican roots, Paper. $24.99 study of theology, and mission ary service and teaching in the Arab wo rld . t your bookstore. or call 800-253-7521 FAX 616-459-6540 The author then moves on to the theological themes Cra gg has emphasized, 331 ~WM. B. EERDMANS PUBLISHING CO. such as the need for communicatio n and 255 JEFF ER.m N AVE. S.E. I GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGA N 49 503 _I relationsh ip between God and humans and between humans. These themes led him to focus on asp ects of Islam , such as

84 I NTERNATIONAL B ULLETIN OF M ISSIUNARY R ESEARCH God's knowability,which were not central receiving less att ention .The names treated he characterizes as "hermeneutics of the in mainline, historic Islam, and to interac t for the first epoch are Mar tin Kahler,Erns t Stra nge (viz. the stra nger)." In doing so, with Mu slim th inkers of similar mind Troe ltsch, Paul Altha us, Karl Barth, and he underlines the pr inciple by which he whom some cons ide red marginal. Pa ul Tillich. Rep resenting the second analyzed and evalua ted the th ou gh t Next, Cragg' s missio n to Islam is epoch are Wo lfhart Pannenbe rg, Helmut pa tterns of his ten chosen theologians review ed . Lamb sho ws Cragg' s eclectic Thielicke,[urgen Moltmann, Michael von in d ividua ll y and ca te go rica lly . His ap proach that combines loyalty to Christ Bruck,and Friedrich-Wilhelm Marquardt. decisive question is: How far does the and belief that conv ersion is inhere nt in In a finalsection of the book the au thor Chris tian witness attempt to und erstand the Gosp el with a "hospi tality" to others summar izes his results by sing ling out the addressees in order to be able to an d their beliefs and practices. Some of an d interpreting crucial asp ects of the communicate the Gospel understandably Cra gg's inter pretations of Islam w ere Ch ristian encounter with other religions to th e m ? The a u th or ex presses h is conside red somewha t idiosyncra tic when and cultures. As the main thrust of his conviction th at d ivin e revelati on and he sough t to maxim ize the pro-Chri stian own concept of mission ,he proposes wha t blessing (which he d isting uishes from emphases he fou nd in the Q ur'an and elsew here in Islam. Thi s effort led to charges by some, though den ied by him, th at he read Chr istian mean ings into Islamic ideas. Actually he took Islam ic se lf-definition seriously, eve n as he questioned whether it dea lt ade quately wi th the hum an condition and the worship of God . Eve n th ou gh the reader may not alwa ys ag ree wi th Lamb's assessment, Lamb has done a masterful job ofana lyzing Cra gg's thou ght wi th ap preciation while also raising criticisms that he an d others have had wi th some of its conclusions . This volu me p ro vides a very help ful portrait of the cur rent dean of Christian interpreters of and to Mu slim s. - J. Dudley Woodberry

J. Dudley Woodberry is Dean .and Professor of Islamic Studies, School of World Mission, Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, California. He served at the Christian Study Centre, Rawalpindi, Pakistan (1968-71, 1972- 73), and as pastor of the Community ChristianChurcnofKab ul,Afghanisian (1971-72,1974-76), and the Riyadh International Christian Fellowship, Saudi Arabia (1976-79).

Mission und Religion in der Systematischen Theologie der Gegenwart: Das Missionsverstandnis deutschsprachiger protestantischer Dogmatiker im 20. Jahrhundert.

By Henning Wr ogemann. Gotti nge rz : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1997. Pp. 350. Paperback DM 98.

This doc toral thesis wa s written when its au thor ser ved as assistan t at the Institute ofComparative Religions and Missiology in Heide lberg. It is a pioneering study of the concern for mission and non-Christian religions in German Pro testant sys tematic CALL US TODAY theology d ur ing this cen tury. The au thor divides his survey into 1·800·77.7·2227' Adivision ol,ColumbiaInternational University two parts, the former cove ring the first Ext. 3326 or· E-mail us at 7435Monticello Rd• •P.O. Box3122 • Columl!!a,SC29230-3122 halfof this cen tury and the latter the second 803 . 754 . 4100 •Toll Free1. 800. 777. 2227• www.ciu.edu half. He selected five main representatives Preparing·World Chrlslians To Know HimAnd To Make Him Known , ~ for each period, with othe r theologians

April 1999 85 salvation) are found in differing degree in regard to his selection of representatives religions was more influential to other religions. Thereforecommunication and to the verypeculiaraspectfrom which missionary thought and practice in should happen by a holistic dialogue in he looks at them. Without diminishing than any of the ten who are which both partners enrich each other, my respect for his scholarly achievement, painstakinglyinvestigated. Heimwas by­ without being forced to surrender their as a reviewer I feel bound to signal two passed, possibly because in his demonic identities. This conviction is shared (or reservations. realism he did not really fit into any of the rejected) by the investigated theologians First, I doubt whether the author'smodels. Similar observationsmay in various shades and degrees. The author anthropological concern for IIawareness applyalso to someotherneglectedpersons thus assigns each of them to one of three of the stranger" is the most appropriate and positions. main models for a theological theological perspective from which we -Peter Beyerhaus understanding of religions: the inductive­ should view the totality of the vast subject inclusive (Troeltsch), the dialectical-dual of mission and religion in systematic (Althaus), and the deductive-diastatic theology. Second, while I agree that the PeterBeyerhaus served nine years asa missionary (Barth). author has presented two collections of and theological lecturer in South Africa. He then Wrogemannwritesin a lucid,concise, important representatives, one important directed theInstitute ofMissiology andEcumenical and well-informed way. However, we are theologianis missing-KarlHeim, who in Theology at the University of Tiibingen, Germany left to rely on our personal judgmentwith his particular approach to mission and (1966-77). He is now professor emeritus.

Call and Response: Biblical topical index, a surprising omission in Foundations of a Theology of this age of technology. A detailed table of Evangelism. contents compensates in some way for this omission. The major blemish is the ByWalter Klaiber. Nashville: AbingdonPress, quality of editing. The translation is 1997. Pp. 272. Paperback $19.95. stolidly literal. An excessive number of misplaced prepositions, redundant This book belongs in a category all of its surprisinglyshortchapter Gustninepages) conjunctions, and convoluted sentences own. Rarely has the theory of evangelism follows on conversion, briefly surveying make for difficult and slow reading. In receivedsuchdetailed attention. For years the biological, psychological, and spite of that I predict that this book will to come, any graduate level course on sociological (but not the theological) becomea standardadditionto the required evangelism will need to take this book dimensionsofconversion. The last chapter, reading list for a number of missiology seriously. Walter Klaiber is a of the which addresses the practical aspects of courses. Germany Area of the United Methodist evangelism, may be skipped. It includes a -Brian L. Fargher Church. The German original of the book frank paragraph in which the author was published in 1990. regretfully acknowledges that he knows Brian L. Fargher, Executive Director of the The index of authors, containing little aboutthe practicalpartofevangelism. Leadership TrainingCentrein Edmonton, Alberta, approximately 500 names, and the fifty Thebookhasonerrtinorandonem~or Canada, servedfor twenty-nine years in Ethiopia pagesofnotes (chap. 3alone has 233notes!) blemish. The minor one is the absence of a with SIM International. reflect what sort of book this is. These notes are not second thoughts on the text butalmostpuredocumentation. This gives the reader some idea of the breadth of research that Klaiber has put into this book. But the book is not an anthology. The biblical exegesis is detailed. Every JJTotheil van java's arme option is explored, and often it is not bevolking": Een keuze uit het immediately clear where the author Dagboek (1851-1860) van Pieter himself stands on the point under review. Jansz, doopgezind zendeling in The four-page index of biblical texts is a Jepara, Midden-Java. valuable feature. The first chapter, on the meanings Edited, with introduction, byA. G. Hoekema. and meaning of evangelism, is brief. A Hilversum: Verloren, 1997.Pp.184. Paperback long chapter follows on three major topics DF139. that make up evangelistic preaching: the kingdom, the cross, and the incarnation. Pieter [ansz (1820-94) was a pioneer. At slow, and [ansz early concluded that Then chapter 3, the longest in the book, age thirty-one Jansz and his wife left the people were not free to choose because of exploreshow evangelismrelates to a wide Netherlands for the Dutch East Indies. the strong control Islam exercised over variety of situations and the ramifications They were the first missionaries them. Social sanctions were quickly of evangelistic preaching in those commissioned by the fledgling Dutch applied againstanyonewhodeviatedfrom situations. The next chapter looks at the Mennonite Missionary Society (founded Islamic practices. In 1874 [ansz published relationship between the human in 1847). Upon arrival in Indonesia, [ansz abookin whichhe proposedthe formation presentation, the response, and the divine decided to settle in Jepara, a small coastal of Christian colonies as safe havens for element in evangelism. Then the topics of town in north-centralJava. This proved to converts to Christianity. faith, grace and free will, and their be a challenging situation inasmuch as From the beginning,Jansz brought to relationship to evangelism are examined this was an area ofstrongIslamic influence. his work a bias favoring the masses. His under the theologian's microscope. A Response to the Christian message was criticism of Dutch colonial government

86 INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF MISSIONARY RESEARCH policies in the 1850s brought him int o exceedi ngly so. The ini tial cha pter on the Grea t Chain of Being an d the "four-stages conflict wi th go vernment officials. His growth of Christendom is one of the th eory ." These a re a ll part icu la rl y most impor tant pioneering wa s as a shortest, thou gh most unfl inching an d im por ta n t as a background for trans lator. He ea rly saw the need for a thorou gh, treatm ents of this important un derstanding Sm ith 's quest, which is in tran slat ion that would be accessible to subject r have found. In the next chap ter a sense still our's to day: h ow to be ordinary peo pl e, th e sort who w er e the author leads us th rou gh the European thorou ghly modern and scientific and gradua lly becom ing a pa rt of the Chr istian enc ounter with Chris tian ity an d its maintain one's faith in revea led Christian church in cen tral Java. un derstand ing of its uniqu e iden tity in religion. In the early 1970s A. G. Ho ekema the context of the wi de r world , and along Smith tried to fit Christianity withina discovered po rtions ofJansz's diary stored wi th this the growth and pe rsistence of sou nd ninete enth -cen tury "scien tific" in a cupboard of the village pa rsonage such important conce pts for in terpreting understanding of religious evolution as a where ja nsz died. This invaluable primary hi st or y, hier arch ies, and th e p lace of natural progression mo ving from the more material has been carefully ed ited an d Eur op eans in the mo de rn world as the primitive to the civilized, from immora l to annotated to make it accessible to the modern read er. Hoekemahas added we ll­ chosen pho togr aphs of [ansz and his contem poraries tha t enhance its value.This is a han dsome ly prod uced vo lu me . It do cum ents effectively the Sitz im Leben of a m id-n ineteenth-century missionar y and is a valuable ad di tion to the cor pus of pr imary docume nts ofthe mod ernmission movem en t. - Wilbert R. Shenk

Wilbert R. Shenk, acontributing editor, is Professor ·N·... ..' .· ow the very best of the of Mission History, Fuller Theological Seminarv, i •••.•••••• • · . I BMR "Mission L egacies" Pasadena,California.Heserved in Indonesia, 1955­ ...... ·.·i \are gatpered in this attrac­ 59. ... #ye, durable hardback from Orbis Books. Included are the founders and most prominentleaders.ofthe Christian missionary movement Primal Religion and the Bible: William Robertson Smith and His from the late 18th century to the Heritage. present:JohnR. Mott, Pope Pius XI , Ruth Rouse, William Carey, Francis By Gillian Bediako. Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997. Pp. 402.£45/ X. Ford, Roland Allen, .H endrik $74. Kraemer, Stephen Neill, E. Stanley Thi s portrait of the great clergyman, jones.Toseph Schmidlin,Wilhelm theologian, Christian ap ologist, biblical Schmidt, Alan R. Tippett, Max scholar,Orientalist, Ara bicist,and nascent .Barnett anthropologist Willia m Robertson Smith GenildH. Anderson Warren, Helen not only helps us better to und ers tand the Robert T.\Coote Montgomery, Lucy Waterbury man and his tim es but also sho ws itse lf to . Peabody,John Philip, David be quite important for our und erstan ding NormanA.•Horner Livingstone,.Charles Simeon,.and ofChr istianity asa revealed wo rld religion James M.Phillips alon gsid e the man y other worl d religions many more. Authors of these bio­ today.In some sense it also offers inoutline editors form a more promising approach to a graphical sketches.are a veritable more fruitful and ge nuine interreligio us "who's who" of church historians, dialogue than can arise out ofthe sectar ian, including Dana-Robert, John C. '. cu lt ure-bo un d , and tribal ist ic m od es em bed ded in Eu ro pean Christian Bennett,Karl Muller, SVD,Lesslie tradi tion. Newbigin.-A. Christopher Smith, The going is no t easy. It is a scho lar' s handiwork from the first to the last page, Eric]. Sharpe, andJ ean: Paul Wiest. and despi te the revisions from its original W ith 'biographical and bibliographic dissertation format, the ove rwhelmi ng information available nowhere else, d ocumenta tion and paragraph-lo ng €>R~ISG· ;BElOKS sentences remi nd the casual reader that MissionL egacies belongs in every her e is a vo lume that will take so me theological library and on the book­ Ma ryknoll, NY che wing. It is a rich sourcebook to be kept shelf of every student ofWorld for fu ture lectu res, sermons, or deeper At bookstores or direct reflection. The reward for the patien t MC/VISA: .·1-800-258:-5838 · Christianity and mission. plowman is always rich fare-at times,

April 1999 87 moral.from tribal to universal,from p rima l Ara b culture and popular religio n. Thus For Gillian Bediako and for significant religion to contempory Christianity . To to Smith, the more "primitive" living others-nota b ly h er husb and a n d Smi th, in opposition to the thinking of the cu ltures ca me to h ave much greater colleague, the eminent Afr ican theologian time, mod ern scientific thou ght was ever significance for our underst anding of and scho lar of Africa n prima l religion the ally of Chr istian belief and supporter ourselves and our forgotten past-one of Kwa me Bediako-much more is at stake of its apologetics. So th e "Sp iritu al the hallmarks of ea rly an thropo logy. in th e p roject of Smi th th an m erely Reli gion" of th e Old Tes ta ment, th e Popular Chr istia n religious belief be tteri ng our understanding of ourselves sp iri tual missing link connecting it to th e today is moving off-center , and as a result as Christians. They ask the ques tion: Are Christia n tradition, could be correc tly the special emp hasis of the book on the Africa 's primal religio ns in a sense each understood onl y aga ins t the backd rop of p rima lwo rld, its perspective and religion , like p resent-day ancient Isr ael's, each Semitic religion and culture, especially h a s special sig nificance for o ur beginni ng its own asce nt toward spiritua l Ara b cultur e, since to Smith old Hebrew postmodern era . Some of Smith 's mo st fulfillme nt? And are these not legitimate primal religion was still discern able in importan t qu estion s are still nagging us. and necessary star ting points for nurturing a new , non-Euro pean type of Christianity? Ind eed the future of Chr istianity-and here we must accede that Africa, w hich will soo n have mos t of the Christians in the wo rld.hasa definitive sayin the matter 2000-2001 of w ha t thi s future may be-lies not in imi ta tio n of Christian ity's pa rticular Doane Missionary Scholarships European trad ition an d form but rather in its own seminal roo ts, w hich lie deep Overseas Ministries Study Center within African p rimal religion. To Gillian New Haven, Connecticut Bediako mu st go a resounding eikoo (we ll do ne) from the African continent. -Jon P. Kirby, S.Y.D.

Jon P. Kirby, S.V.D ., is Director of the Tamale lnstituteoj Cross-Cultu ralStudies,Tamale,Ghana.

Story of a Storm: The Ecumenical Student Movement in the Turmoil of Revolution.

The Overseas Ministries Study Center announces the Doane Missionary By Risto Lehtonen. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Scholarships for 2000-2001. Two $3,000 scholarships will be awarded on a Eerdmans, 1998. Pp. xxio, 360. Paperback competitive basis to missionaries who apply for residence for eight months to $20. a year with the intention of earning the OMSC Certificate in Mission Studies. The Certificate requires participation in fourteen or more of the weekly This book is the un happy account of the mission seminars at OMSC and the writing of a fmal paper reflecting on the disintegration and vir tua l dem ise of the awardee's missionary experience in light of the studies undertaken at OMSC. Wo rl d Studen t Christia n Federa tion (WSCF),an ama lga ma tion ofnat ional and Applicants must meet the following requirements: regional Chr istian stude nt movem ents. • Completion of at least one term in overseas assignment This story is the sadder still becau se the • Endorsement by their mission agency organization's roo ts reac h back for more • Commitment to return overseas for another term of service than on e hundred years and its forebears • Residence at OMSC for eight months to a year an d found ers include Dwight L. Mood y, • Enrollment in OMSC Certificate in Mission Studies program John R. Mo tt, and other notabl es. More sig nificant ly, the WSCF was The OMSC Certificate program allows ample time for regular deputation lon g a main seedbed for missionaries and and family responsibilities. Families with children are welcome. OMSC's ecumenists. It was based on Bible study Doane Hall and the newly constructed Great Commission Hall (represented and p rayer, an d its organ, Student World, above) offer fully furnished apartments ranging up to three bedrooms. had on its ros ter man y of the stalwart Applications should be submitted as far in advance as possible. As an alter­ theological figures of the past cen tury. nate to application for the 2000-2001 academic year , applicants may apply for Thus it assured that ecumenical dialogu e the 200 I calendar year, so long as the Certificate program requirement for wou ld be carried on at a high level. participation in at least fourteen seminars is met. Scholarship award will be The "s tor m" too k place between 1968 distributed on a monthly basis after recipient is in residence. Application and 1973, while the author was general deadline: January 1, 2000. For application and further information contact: secretary of the fed eration , often finding himself at od ds w ith the avant-ga rde. Gerald H. Anderson, Director During these years the meetings became Overseas Ministries Study Center battlegroun ds bet ween re for mist and 490 Prospect Street, New Haven , Connecticut 06511 rad ical revolu tiona ry factions. It was a Tel: (203) 624-6672 Fax: (203) 865-2857 power struggle between left and right E-mail: [email protected] www .OMSC.org wings, of radical stude n ts egged on by rad ical lead ers vers us more moderat e

88 I NTERN ATIO[\;AL Bur.i F1 IN OF MISSIONARY R FSEARCH forces. The church was un der extreme ch ur ches. "World War II and Afterwards " tr ansl atin g hymns, serving foo d , criticism , discipleship w as seen as includes a chapter on Chi nese Chris tians organ iz ing grou ps, a nd even fly ing revolutionar y action, and a tra nscendent in th e Phili ppines. "Taking the Gospel­ ai rplanes for the grow th and health of the God was rejected . It was a tim e of "doing To the Na tion" presents several acco unts bo dy of Christ. Pro mi ne nt themes also your own th ing, " of the "wo rld se tting the of missions to remote tribal Filipinos. in clude th e rol e of m edical m issi ons agenda for th e ch urch." The WSC F "Taking the Gospel-To All th e Wo rld " (partic u la rly for rural areas), family struggle reflected events in the worl d : narrates the lives of Filipinos who have relatio nships , the profound evangelical antiwa r m ov ement, Kent Sta te, th e tra veled to Indonesia and Ne pa l to help impact of a Christian lifestyle, and the assassinati on of the Kenned ys and Mar tin propagate the faith. Tha t the Phil ippines need for the current ge neration of Filipi nos Luther King, [r., an d so on. thus becomes a country from which to contin ue the work of their p red ecessors. The result was chaos. The WSCF lost mission aries are sent completes th e -David Keck its primal m iss ionary vision. The vo lu me . ecume nica lmovementsuffered a soreloss. The range of experiences presented David Keck is avisiting professorin the Department Th e battle reache d in to th e mainline he re is impressive and delightfu l, of History of Ateneo de Manila University. the ch urches, and the field was left to forces re m in ding u s of the imp o rt ance of Philippines. least equi p ped to sus tai n ec umenical fervor. Finally, both the World Council of Ch urches and th e Nationa l Co uncil of the Churches of Christ in the U.s .A. wer e w ounded and have not ye t recovered. The book suffe rs so me what from its insi der language but is nevertheless well w ritte n. It records mater ial essential to an understanding of w ha t ails the church today and suggests the repen tan ce that must be a prelude to renewal in m ission. - James K. Ma thews

Bishop fames K. Mathews (retired). the United I NTERNATI ONA L B ULLETIN OF Methodist Church has been a missionary to India. a M ISSIONARY R ESEARCH, 1993- 96 mission executive, and, for the past thirty-eight 274 Contributors years. a bishopin the United States and Zimbabwe. 299 Book Reviews 175 Doctoral Dissertations

A Century of Bible Christians in the Philippines. ere is more gold for every theolog­ Edited by Anne C. Manila: OMF H ical library and exploring scholar of Kuiantes. mission studies-with all 16 issues of 1993-1 996-bound in red buckram , with Literature, 1998. Pp.286. Paperback. No price vellum finish and embossed in gold lettering. It matches the earlier bound given. volumes of the Occasional Bulletin of Missionary Research, 1977-1 980 (sold out), and the International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 1981- 1984 (sold 1998 marked the centennial of the end of out), 1985-1 988 (sold out), and 1989-19 92 (sold out). At your fingertips, in the Spanish occupation of the Philippines, one volume: David Barrett 's Annual Statistical Table of Global Mission, the the beginnings of American colonia l ru le Editors' annual selection of Fifteen Outstanding Books, and the four-year there, an d, hen ce, the openingof the arc hi­ cumulative index. pelago to Pro testantism . Edi ted by Anne C. Kw antes, an American mi ssionary in Asia Special Price: $64.95 forseveral decades and currently teaching at Asia n Theological Semina ry in Quezon Send me bound volumc(s) of the International Bulletin of Missionary Ci ty, this co llec tion of twenty essays, Research, 1993- 96 at $64.95. Orders outside the U.S.A. add $7.00 per volume rem embrances, and vigne ttes celebrates for postage and handling. Payment must accompany all orders. Pay in U.S. dollars only by check drawn on a U.S. bank, International Money Order, or the "Centennial of Biblical Ch ristia ni ty in VISA/MasterCard . Allow 5 weeks for delivery within the U.S. A. th e Phi lip pines" (ix). Severa l of th ese edi fying and commemorative accoun ts of • Enclosed is my chec k in the amount of $ made out to "International Bulletin of Missionary Research ." individ ua l preache rs and m iss ionaries from different d enomin ations a re • Charg e $ to my VISA or MasterCard: au to biogra p hical; the chi ld ren of th e Card # Expi res _ protagon ists narrate man y othe rs. Signature _ Th e five chrono logical sectio ns of th e book d escrib e th e progress of Bible • Name Christianity in the country. "Pio neers" Addr ess d escrib es th e earliest m ov ements to promote Protes tantism and reading of th e Bible in a coun try w here Ca tho licism had Ma il to: Publications Office, Overseas Ministries Study Cente r, 490 Prospect Street, be en in te rwoven with the co lo nia l New Haven , CT 06511 U.S. A. ad ministra tion."Wh en Pro testantism Was Visit our website at http://www.OMSC.org Establishe d" narrates the lives of earl y Filipi no and thei r efforts to plant

Ap ri11999 89 Vernacular Christianity Among the recentWidespreadcommunitydevelopment Mulia Dani: An Ethnography of projects, which he terms "cargoistic Religious Belief among the movements." "Cargoism" is carefully Western Dani of Irian Jaya, defined here, but the term still conjures up a Indonesia. picture of graveside rites to bring magical deliveries of goods. "Revitalization By Douglas James Hayward. Lanham, movements" would more closely fit with the Maryland: American Society of Missiology Dani foci on eternal life, autochthonous andUniv. Press ofAmerica,1997. Pp.ix, 329. leadership and prosperity. Paperback. No price given. "Vernacular Christianity" is a well-chosen term, and Hayward's analysis Forty years after the beginning of the position of the missionaries there (from is insightful. Newcomers, reading about the Western Dani people's movement to whom he sometimes distances himself), "cavaliergenerosity" expectedfrom bigmen Christ,DouglasHaywardablydocuments the traditional beliefs of the people, and (p. 209), would better understand the the "vernacular Christianity" that has theirpresentfaith. He alternatelydiscusses expectancy and disappointment they emerged in the Mulia valley of Irian [aya, past and present,butespeciallyin chapter encounter. The appended Mulia Dani'sstory Indonesia. six, about traditional religious practices, of theirconversionpicturesbiblical,vigorous, Hayward served there for twenty his use of tenses becomes confusing. He and truly Dani faith. Their outreach to years with the Unevangelized Fields describes male initiation in the past tense, unreachedgroupsin Irian[ayaconfirms that Mission and came to speak the language but most of the rest of the chapter is in the picture. and know much of the culture, as well conventionalethnographicpresent. A later -Myron Bromley evidenced in forty pages of included chapter clarifies that many of these rituals folklore. are no longer practiced. In describing the faith of the Mulia The eighth chapter accurately treats Myron Bromley is a retired missionary linguist and Dani, of whom ninety-five percent of the the conversion of the Western Dani to Bible translator, whoservedforthirty-nineyears among adults are now baptized Christians (p. Christianity,the laterinvolvementof many the Grand Valley Dani of Irian Jaya, Indonesia, with 174), Hayward details the theological in a political rebel movement, and the the Christianand MissionaryAlliance.

The Whole Gospel for the Whole Native American Religious World: Sherwood Eddy and the Identity: Unforgotten Gods. American Protestant Mission. Editedby[ace Weaver. Maryknoll, N.Y.:Orbis By Rick L. Nutt. Macon, Georgia: Mercer Books, 1998. Pp. xii, 242. Paperback $18. University Press, 1997. Pp. x, 379. $39.95. [ace Weaver (Cherokee) is an attorney In the course of his long life, the YMCA his attacks on thebigbusinessonwhichits and assistant professor in the American evangelistGeorge SherwoodEddy (1871­ funds depended. StudiesProgramandthe ReligiousStudies 1963) lived through, and helped to Nutt perhaps overestimates Eddy's Department at Yale University. He precipitate, several of the mood swings in ownrolein shifting the StudentVolunteer previously edited DefendingMother Earth modern American . As a Movement toward social Christianity: his (Orbis, 1996). student, he absorbed the intense address to the Des Moines Convention in Religious identi ty is the theme evangelical enthusiasm of the Student 1920, which Nutt highlights (p. 187n.) as running through each of the included Volunteer Movement. As a YMCA the only one with a social gospel seventeencompositions; all are by natives secretary in India from 1896, his stridency orientation, was in fact, as Nathan representing many First Nations. Some moderated in the face of the challenge of Showalter has recently shown, a last­ contributors are followers of traditional Hinduism. After the First World War, he minute response to radical student native religions, some are professing became a disciple of the social gospel, criticism of the tired slogans on world Christians,andstill othersattemptto blend calling Western capitalist society to evangelization emanating from the old the two. conversion. By 1938 he had followed his guard of the SVM. More could have been Native American religions are protege,ReinholdNiebuhr,in abandoning said about the theological shallowness of essentially about symbol and ritual, not pacifism for political realism. After the Eddy, which left him exposed to so many dogma. They influence all aspects of a SecondWorld War, he continued to travel shifts in the prevailingwind. But the book practitioner's life and are centered in the in Asia, proclaiming to student audiences remains a significant achievement, which land-thus making themfocused in space a message of international friendship. all students of twentieth-century rather than time. Rick Nutt, of Muskingum College, Protestant missions ought to read. Some essayists are well versed in the Ohio, has written a thorough account of -Brian Stanley Euro-Americandisciplines of philosophy, these successive phases in missionary theology, and law, and are adept at enthusiasm, and rescued Eddy from addressing both native and non-native BrianStanley is Director of the Currents in World unwarranted scholarly neglect. Nutt's readers simultaneously. Christianity Project (incorporating the North biography is based on the Eddy papers at This is a book for students of Atlantic Missiology Project) and a Fellow of St. Yale Divinity School and his numerous missiology among Amerindian and other Edmund's College, University of Cambridge. published writings. It identifies the primal peoples who are seeking to come ambiguities attending Eddy's promotion to terms with the fact that for most of the of both modernization and socialism, and last five hundred years a severe form of the difficulties caused for the YMCA by colonialism-political, economic, legal,

90 INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF MISSIONARY RESEARCH and religious-has been imposed on the both a blessing and a curse: it brought of the missionaries, the creation of written first inhabitants of the American order out of chaos, allowing the mission languages, and Christian literature. In his

continents. This was often done with the work to go forward in peace, but it also final chapter, "Crisis of Faith,II he analyzes best of intentions but proved in many isolated the mountain peoples inside a thereasonsfor a slowdownin conversions cases to be very destructive. While some 300-mile-Iong fence. after 1975 and the problems the people aboriginalsare strongof faith andcontinue They found a people movement face in the modern world. to support the Christian church, many see sparked by converted tribespeople was -Donald MacInnis it as butanotheragentof culturalgenocide. under way. Converts by the hundreds A key question underlying much of this came to plains churches for baptism. book is a difficult one: Is it possible for Covelldescribesthis movementin detail­ Donald MacInnis spentthirteen years asaMethodist native people to accept and continue to how it spread from tribe to tribe, the work missionary in Taiwan. practice the faith of their former, and in some cases, continuing oppressors? -Wayne A. Holst

WayneA. Holstisalecturer, research associate, and consultantat theArctic Institute ofNorthAmerica 1999 Kenneth B. Mulholland at the University of Calgary, Alberta,Canada. He Charles C. West was a Lutheran pastor (LCA/ELCC), missionary (Trinidad, WI), and church executivefor twenty- David A. Kerr five years. J. Dudley Woodberry Honors its 1998 Graham Kings F. Dale Bruner Senior Dean S. Gilliland Paul E. Pierson Pentecostof the Hills inTaiwan: The Mission 1997 Tom Houston Christian Faith Among the Original Inhabitants. Scholars in Stephen Bevans, S.V.D. 1996 C. David Harley By Ralph Covell. Pasadena, Calif.: Hope Publishing House, 1998. Pp. xv, 302. Residence J. A. B. Jongeneel Paperback $15.95. Ben and Carol Weir Senior Mission F.M.M. This is absorbing firsthand reporting and 1995 Mary Motte, scholarlyresearchby a missionary-scholar Scholars share in James A. Cogswell who served among the tribal people of leadership of Andrew Ross Taiwan for nearly twenty years. Ralph 1994 Covell lived and worked with the Sediq OMSC's Ted Ward people, one of eleven aboriginal tribes study program, as Marc Spindler who populate the mountain regions. Totalling 325,000 today, the tribal well as offering 1993 Guillermo Cook peoples constitute less than 2 percent of a personal Lois McKinney population largely Chinese. Yet when the Dutch East India Company occupied the consultation and Phil Parshall island from 1627 to 1662, they constituted tutorial assistance. 1992 Harvie M. Conn the majority of the population. The Dutch had little interestin Christianevangelism, Gary B. McGee yet their chaplains made 7,000 converts 1991 Ralph R. Covell during their brief stay. Koxinga, a Ming Overseas Ministries dynasty general, defeated the Dutch in Study Center Eric J. Sharpe 1661 and brought an end to that brief James A. Scherer missionary era. 490 Prospect Street This book is divided into periods. New Haven, CT 06511 1990 Tite Tienou The First Chinese Period, 1662-1895, is Alan Neely one of political chaos, Chinese clan wars, Tel (203) 624-6672 rebellions, and Chinese immigration, G. Linwood Barney which pushed the aborigines from the Fax (203) 865-2857 1989 C. Rene Padilla fertile plains into the mountains. It also [email protected] marks the beginning of both Protestant Eugene L. Stockwell andCatholicmissionaryworkin the1860s. http://\vww.OMSC.org 1988 Andrew F. Walls The Pentecostof the Hills (Protestant) began with the lowland aborigines, but Adrian Hastings progress was slow. The Japanese occupation of Taiwan (1895-1945) was

April 1999 91 Die Mission der Theologie: manner. A final observation: Each section Festschriftfur Hans Kasdorf zum 70. offers one author write in English (with Geburtstag. German summaries), the rest in German Check out (no English summaries). Only the last Edited by Stephan Holthaus and Klaus W. section, "Application," withthreeauthors, ~ Muller. Bonn: Verlag fur Kultur und is entirely in English. Does this say on the World Wide Web! Wissenschaft, 1998. Pp. 292. Paperback. No something about where theological and price given. theoretical issues are pursued, in contrast to where practical issues are pursued? http://www.OMSC.org Missiologia viatorum (missiology on the On the whole, the volume way, or for the way) was the motto of demonstratesthatin the German-language V Register for 1998-99 Hans Kasdorf's mission work, and it sphere a group of competent evangelical Study Program reflects his life (p. 7). Born in Siberia, missiologistsis emergingand thatthe lines Kasdorf grew up in Brazil, did most of his of demarcation between evangelicals and v Preview the next issue of teaching in North America at Mennonite ecumenicals maynotbe unbridgable after INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN schools, and after retirement and a heart all-at least in the area of missiology. attackspentfour yearsin Germany, laying -Helmuth Egelkraut V Browse through Special the foundations for a missions program at Book Features the Freie Theologische Akademie (FTA) Helmuth Egelkraut has been a missionary to the in Giessen. South Pacific, was founder-president of the v Learn about scholarships The book under review is to honor Evangelical European AccreditingAssociation, and Kasdorf on the occasion of his seventieth v Meet Senior Mission is Dean and Professor of Biblical Theology and birthday. The title reflects his conviction Scholars Missions at the German branch of Columbia that mission must not be a specialized International University, Graduate School of department at the fringes of a theological Missions,at Kornthal nearStuttgart, ajoint project curriculum, because "without mission Overseas Ministries with the Association of Evangelical Missions in theology lacks true motivation, without Study Center Germanyand in German-speaking Switzerland. 490 Prospect Street theology mission lacks direction, and withoutthe churcheither onelacks reason New Haven) CT 06511 for existence" (p. 17). Tel (203) 624-6672 The Festschrift is made up of six Fax (203) 865-2857 sections. The first, "Die Person: Beitrage E-mail [email protected] zum Leben und Werk Hans Kasdorfs," Choosing a Future for u.s. Missions. offers his vita, an assessment of his contributions to mission theology, and a By PaulMcKaughan, Dellanna O'Brien,and selected bibliography. The second is "Die William O'Brien. Monrovia, Calif.: MARC, Grundlage: Beitrage zur Missions­ 1998. Pp. ix, 114. Paperback. No pricegiven. theologie"; the third, "Die Entwicklung: Beitrage zur Missionsgeschichte"; the Choosing a Futurefor u.s. Missions results Invest in fourth, "Der Hintergrund: Beitrage zur from the TaskForce:Twenty-FirstCentury Worldwide Ministry Missionstheorie"; the fifth, "Der Weg: Missions project, in which the authors BeitragezurKontextualisierung"; and the met in listening sessions with people in final one, "Die Anwendung: Beitrage zur ten cities across the United States. OMSC invests in Christian Missionspraxis." The twenty-one essays Experienced missioners, the authors now leaders from all parts of the world. Your Bequests and of this volume include almost all are mission agency executives. Con­ Planned Giving make it happen: disciplines of missiology. An appendix sequently, the book focuses on the with shortbiographies of the contributors question, "Wheredoes the missionagency • Residential Scholarships for and indexes of persons, subjects, and fit in the emerging paradigm?" (p. 32). Third World Church and Scripturepassagesmakeit a valuable tool. The Introduction reveals some of the Mission Leaders It is unfortunate that a number of conclusions of their listenings: missions • Furlough and StudyLeave spelling errors mar this impressive vol­ are budget-driven, afraid of Accommodations ume. The editors are Stephan Holthaus, decentralization, worried about survival dean at the FTA Giessen, and Klaus W. and control-and"the church in America • Mission Studies Research Muller,whowillcontinuetheworkbegun just will not listen to the church around and Writing by Kasdorf at Giessen. the world" (p. 1). The last disturbing Ratherthandiscussingvariousessays, indictment gets the least attention in the Consider remembering OMSC a couple of general observations are in book. and its service to the worldwide order. The breadth and number of essays Part 1, "The Context," contains church in your will or through reflect the wide appreciation of Hans excellent research on global, church, and life-income gifts. For informa­ tion or suggested language, Kasdorfandhis work.The diversenational mission realities, including the poignant contact backgrounds of the authors indicate that statement: "Past its prime, the U.S. he wasnotonlyteachingandwritingabout missions community stands in need of Robert F. Ford mission but was himself an emissary of total reconceptualization" (p. 16). Director of Development Christ. The far-flung ecclesiastical and The most valuable part is the second, Overseas Ministries Study Center theological provenance of the contri­ "Probing U.S. Mission Realities: What We 490 Prospect Street butors-Mennonite,Presbyterian, Baptist, Heard," because of the method, "listening New Haven, CT 06511-2196 USA Lutheran, both evangelical and intently," and theorganizationof thedata. (203) 624-6672 ecumenical-e-demonstrates that he was a Tension comes from the new role of the mancrossingfrontiers in a truemissionary local church as agency, with provocative

92 INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF MISSIONARY RESEARCH findings abo ut our costly and complex through the New Testamen t usage of the complex and mu ch debated . Some small mod els.The cuttin g edgeof the bookis the term"apostolic," to the early church and the historical errors are puzzling (Gregory of new attitude of humility, new role as subapostolic period, ending with an ana lysis Thaumaturgos and Cons tantine banning list ener-s ervant-facilita tor, new of the eme rgence of the Nice ne "no tes ." He heretics). The book is to be commended as a relation ships of less power , and new concludes, as indicated by the title of the h elpful introductory fr aming of the models of networks and collabo ration book, that it is crucia l that the churc h tod ay, d iscussion of apostolicity, especially for lay ad vocated through out for missionary, as it wa s for the Nicene church, to regain the readers. churc h, and agency . primary sense of apostolicity as the church's - Darrell L. Guder Parts 3 and 4 are not very helpful. faithful continuati on of the mi ssionary "How Sha ll They Be Sent?" diffuses into vocation of the initial ap ostolic community. mission ed uca tion, with cons ulting and While the author does demonstr ate the DarrellL. Guderis thePeachtreeProfessorofEvangelism marketing in a technological age fundamentally missional character of the andChurchGrowth at ColumbiaTheological Seminary highl ighted. "Getting Insid e the Future" early church, at tim es he simplifies issu es of (Decatur,Georgia)andseruesastheSecretary-Treasurer has goo d th eological research loosely ancient Christ ian d evelopment that ar e of the American Society of Missiology. st rung together (w ithout adequate documentation), but the Horizon Mission Meth od ology of NASA presented in one of the project' s consulta tions does not clearl y relate to the whole book. Appendix Fis mu ch more help ful in dealingwi th the Get the relevant issues raised . -She rron Kay George Research Advantage

Sherron Ka y George is Assistant Professor of for world mission Evangelism and Mission at Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary in Austin, Texas. She spent Get the Intern ati onal Bulletin of Missionary Research twenty-three years with the Presbyterian Church (USA) in Brazil. "For anyone interested in mission Major missiological studies, studies. the IBMR is a must. " regional reports and conference - Jocelyn Murray findings, annual statistical East African Revival historian global update, profiles of "Es sentialJar documentation and interpretation oj mission. ,. \ missionary leaders, book - Ralph Winter Th e Apostolic Church : One, Holy, reviews, dissertation notices, U.s. Center for World Mission Catholi c, and Missionary. and mission bibliographies. "I have been inspired and instructed by the II/Iernational Bull etin . " By Robert J. Scudieri. Fort Wayne, Ind.: - Bishop James M. Ault (ret.) Lutheran Society of Missiology, 1996. Pp. io, International United Method ist Church Bulletin 40?::::~ 91. Paperback. No price given. "The most distinguished journal in its field. " The recently form ed Lut heran Society of -Georg e G. Hunter III Missiology inaugurates its book series with Asbury Theological Seminary this study by Robert Scudieri of early "Keeps me abreast with missions Christian understandings of the concept throu ghout the world. " - Bishop Theophilus Sekondi "ap ostolic." The author, who is the area Ghana sec retary for North America for th e "It's the journ al I rem/first." Lutheran Church- Missour i Synod World of Missionary Research - Paul E. Pierson Missions, devot ed much of 1990-91 to Fuller Theological Seminary research thi s th eme at th e Oversea s Stay informed. "The best sourceJar research on Ministries StudyCen ter andYale Divinit y Subscribe today. mission issues. " School. He set himself thr ee goal s: "1. To -Joan Chatfield, M.M. search for the origin of the term apostolic Chaminade University, Honolulu ch urc h; 2. To examine the missionary emphasis inherent in tha t term; 3. To give ~ ------~ Yes! Please enter my order for a subscription to the International Bulletin of' the chur ch a new vantage point from which Miss ionary Research . : to see the significance of these important o One year, 4 issues $21 0 Two years, 8 issues $39 0 Three years , 12 issues $55: words" (p . 1). Working with classic o New 0 Renewal 0 Payment enclosed 0 Charge my VISA or MasterCard : resources (von Harnack, Latourette, Card # Expires : Hinson, Grant, as well as the Apostolic S~n~u~ : Fathers ), he sur veys early mission history Name : and interprets the early chur ch's sense of Address : it s m iss ionary vocation ably and I I understandably. I His findings ar e sum marize d in Make check payable and mail to: INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN. Subscription Dept., P.O.: LBox 3000, Denville , NJ 07834 U.S.A. ~I thirteen short and readable chapter s, divid ed into five sections, which move Visit our web site at hltp:/Iwww.O:\ ISC.org chronologically from the Jewi sh mission, with its (much-d eb at ed) terminology,

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