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MASTER/Format a Text Template Roadway Geometry and Inventory Trade Study for IntelliDriveSM Applications PublIcation no. FHWA-HRT-10-073 noveMbeR 2010 Research, Development, and Technology Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center 6300 Georgetown Pike McLean, VA 22101-2296 FOREWORD This report documents the results of a trade study on roadway geometry and inventory data. The study objective was to identify and evaluate existing and emerging technical solutions for providing and updating roadway geometry and other roadway inventory information likely to be 1 needed for IntelliDriveSM applications. This report will be useful to Federal, State, and local government agencies, research organizations, and private sector firms that will research, develop, and deploy IntelliDrive technologies. Monique R. Evans Director, Office of Safety Research and Development Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of the information contained in this document. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. The U.S. Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers’ names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objective of the document. Quality Assurance Statement The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement. 1 IntelliDrive is a service mark of the U.S. Department of Transportation. TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. FHWA-HRT-10-073 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Roadway Geometry and Inventory Trade Study for IntelliDriveSM November 2010 Applications 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Bruce Spear, Anita Vandervalk, Dena Snyder 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. Cambridge Systematics, Inc. 100 Cambridgepark Drive, Suite 400 11. Contract or Grant No. Cambridge, MA 02140 DTFH61-06-D-00004-T-09012 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Federal Highway Administration Final Report Intelligent Transportation Systems September 2009–July 2010 1200 New Jersey Ave. SE 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Washington, DC 20590 15. Supplementary Notes The Contracting Officer’s Task Manager (COTM) was Ray Krammes, Office of Safety Research and Development, HRDS-02. Performing organization Cambridge Systematics, Inc., worked together with FreeAhead, Inc. This research was funded by the IntelliDrive Program, Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, United States Department of Transportation. 16. Abstract The U.S. Department of Transportation IntelliDrive initiative seeks to improve transportation safety and mobility while reducing the environmental impact of surface transportation through the use of networked wireless communication among vehicles, roadway infrastructure, and travelers’ personal communication devices. This report summarizes the findings of an investigation of existing and emerging sources of roadway geometry and inventory data (including public and commercial databases) as well as technologies and methods for collecting, maintaining, and updating roadway attribute information. These data sources are compared along several technical dimensions including geographic coverage, network connectivity, feature resolution, positional accuracy, included attributes, data format and size, and methods and frequency of updates and are evaluated relative to potential near-term IntelliDrive application data needs as indicated by prior research and discussions with IntelliDrive stakeholder groups. The study also examines the workflow practices and business models of current data providers and their capacity for delivering the roadway data needed for future IntelliDrive applications. Based on the findings from the trade study, current roadway geometry and inventory data gaps are identified. Recommendations are proposed for specific research activities and institutional and regulatory options to address data gaps. 17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement IntelliDrive, Roadway geometry data, Roadway No restrictions. inventory data 19. Security Classif. (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified 143 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed pages authorized SI* (MODERN METRIC) CONVERSION FACTORS APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI UNITS Symbol When You Know Multiply By To Find Symbol LENGTH in inches 25.4 millimeters mm ft feet 0.305 meters m yd yards 0.914 meters m mi miles 1.61 kilometers km AREA in2 square inches 645.2 square millimeters mm2 ft2 square feet 0.093 square meters m2 yd2 square yard 0.836 square meters m2 ac acres 0.405 hectares ha mi2 square miles 2.59 square kilometers km2 VOLUME fl oz fluid ounces 29.57 milliliters mL gal gallons 3.785 liters L ft3 cubic feet 0.028 cubic meters m3 yd3 cubic yards 0.765 cubic meters m3 NOTE: volumes greater than 1000 L shall be shown in m3 MASS oz ounces 28.35 grams g lb pounds 0.454 kilograms kg T short tons (2000 lb) 0.907 megagrams (or "metric ton") Mg (or "t") TEMPERATURE (exact degrees) oF Fahrenheit 5 (F-32)/9 Celsius oC or (F-32)/1.8 ILLUMINATION fc foot-candles 10.76 lux lx fl foot-Lamberts 3.426 candela/m2 cd/m2 FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS lbf poundforce 4.45 newtons N lbf/in2 poundforce per square inch 6.89 kilopascals kPa APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS FROM SI UNITS Symbol When You Know Multiply By To Find Symbol LENGTH mm millimeters 0.039 inches in m meters 3.28 feet ft m meters 1.09 yards yd km kilometers 0.621 miles mi AREA mm2 square millimeters 0.0016 square inches in2 m2 square meters 10.764 square feet ft2 m2 square meters 1.195 square yards yd2 ha hectares 2.47 acres ac km2 square kilometers 0.386 square miles mi2 VOLUME mL milliliters 0.034 fluid ounces fl oz L liters 0.264 gallons gal m3 cubic meters 35.314 cubic feet ft3 m3 cubic meters 1.307 cubic yards yd3 MASS g grams 0.035 ounces oz kg kilograms 2.202 pounds lb Mg (or "t") megagrams (or "metric ton") 1.103 short tons (2000 lb) T TEMPERATURE (exact degrees) oC Celsius 1.8C+32 Fahrenheit oF ILLUMINATION lx lux 0.0929 foot-candles fc cd/m2 candela/m2 0.2919 foot-Lamberts fl FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS N newtons 0.225 poundforce lbf kPa kilopascals 0.145 poundforce per square inch lbf/in2 *SI is the symbol for the International System of Units. Appropriate rounding should be made to comply with Section 4 of ASTM E380. (Revised March 2003) ii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...........................................................................................................1 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE .....................................................................1 INTELLIDRIVE DATA NEEDS ...........................................................................................1 ROADWAY DATA SOURCES ..............................................................................................2 TRADE STUDY RESULTS ....................................................................................................2 Technical Analysis ...............................................................................................................2 Maintenance and Operations Analysis.................................................................................5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................7 Research Needs ....................................................................................................................7 Institutional and Regulatory Options ...................................................................................7 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................9 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE .....................................................................9 REPORT ORGANIZATION ..................................................................................................9 CHAPTER 2. INTELLIDRIVE DATA NEEDS .......................................................................11 PRELIMINARY LIST OF ROADWAY DATA ITEMS ...................................................11 STAKEHOLDER OUTREACH PROCESS .......................................................................11 REVISED ROADWAY DATA ITEM LIST .......................................................................12 CHAPTER 3. ROADWAY GEOMETRY AND INVENTORY DATA SOURCES .............19 ALTERNATIVE METHODS FOR STORING AND DISPLAYING ROADWAY DATA ................................................................................................................19 Geospatial Roadway Network Features .............................................................................20 Attributes Linked to a Geospatial Roadway Feature .........................................................20 Other Geospatial Features ..................................................................................................20 Attributes
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