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6. Mednarodno znanstveno srečanje mladih humanistov SLOVANI OD PRELOMA 19. IN 20. STOLETJA DO DANES: JEZIKOVNE, ZGODOVINSKO-POLITIČNE SPREMEMBE IN KNJIŽEVNI DOPRINOS THE SLAVS FROM THE TURN OF 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES UNTIL NOW: LINGUISTIC, HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL CHANGES AND LITERATURE Konferenčni zbornik Uredili: Lidija Rezoničnik in Nina Zavašnik Študentska sekcija Zveze društev Slavistično društvo Slovenije Ljubljana 2019 Mednarodno znanstveno srečanje mladih humanistov / International Conference for Young Humanists Slovani od preloma 19. in 20. stoletja do danes: jezikovne, zgodovinsko-politične spremembe in književni doprinos The Slavs from the Turn of 19th and 20th Centuries until Now: Linguistic, Historical and Political Changes and Literature Videm/Udine/Udin, 27. in 28. september 2018 / 27 and 28 September 2018 Konferenčni e-zbornik / Conference e-compendium Organizatorji konference / Conference organizers Lidija Rezoničnik, Nina Zavašnik, Rok Mrvič (Študentska sekcija Zveze društev Slavistično društvo Slovenije / Student Section of the Association of Slavic Societies of Slovenia) Urednici konferenčnega e-zbornika / Editors Lidija Rezoničnik, Nina Zavašnik Tehnično urejanje / Technical editor Lidija Rezoničnik Računalniški prelom in oblikovanje: Rok Mrvič Izdala in založila / Published by: Zveza društev Slavistično društvo Slovenije (Študentska sekcija) / Association of Slavic Societies of Slovenia (Student Section); Aškerčeva cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana Leto izida / Year of publication: 2019 Prva e-izdaja. Publikacija je v PDF obliki brezplačno dostopna na spletni strani ZDSDS. Naslov: <https://zdsds.si/tiski/izdaje-studentske-sekcije/> To delo je ponujeno pod licenco: Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Deljenje pod enakimi pogoji 4.0 Mednarodna licenca Za jezikovno ustreznost prispevkov so poskrbeli avtorji sami. / The articles were edited, translated and proofread by the authors. Kataložni zapis o publikaciji (CIP) pripravili v Narodni in univerzitetni knjižnici v Ljubljani COBISS.SI-ID=304208640 ISBN 978-961-6715-32-4 (pdf) KAZALO / TABLE OF CONTENTS UVODNA BESEDA / INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 5 Maciej Mętrak Wymysorys (Vilamovicean) and Halcnovian: Historical and Present-Day Sociolinguistic Situation of Microlanguages in a Southern-Polish Language Island ........... 7 Rok Mrvič Slovenski jezik na Tržaškem .............................................................................................. 21 Nina Pahor Slovenski jezik na Goriškem .............................................................................................. 37 Љиљана Птицина Учење руског језика у основним школамана територији општине Сомбор у периоду између 1950. године и 2017. ........................................................................... 51 Urška Vranjek Ošlak Besedotvorni razvoj slovenske kolesarske terminologije po prvi svetovni vojni ............... 69 Биљана Стојановска Слугата Јернеј и неговото право – јазична анализа на македонскиот превод ........... 81 Tomaž Podbevšek Subjektivizacija živali v Cankarjevi kratki pripovedi ......................................................... 89 Konstantina Puneva Екранизацията като метаинтерпретация на литературното произведение ............... 101 Felix Oliver Kohl Prva svetovna vojna kot izvor generacijskega romana? Žanru na sledi ........................... 109 Claudia Mayr-Veselinović The Political Use of “Forgotten” Historical Memory: The (De)Construction of the Slovene Minority in Austrian Carinthia in Selected Memoir Literature ................ 127 Ana Šela, David Hazemali Nove interpretacije izbrane pisne zapuščine slovenskih vojakov z vzhodne fronte prve svetovne vojne .......................................................................................................... 141 Nataša Henig Miščič Kranjska hranilnica v času prve svetovne vojne ............................................................... 155 Ana Šela, David Hazemali The Great Battles of 1914 Between Austria-Hungary and the Russian Empire on the Eastern Front: A Slovenian Perspective ................................................................. 171 AVTORJI / AUTHORS ........................................................................................................... 187 RECENZENTI / REVIEWERS .................................................................................................. 195 UVODNA BESEDA / INTRODuctiON Spoštovana bralka/spoštovani bralec, v pričujočem zborniku so objavljeni pisni prispevki referatov, ki so bili 27. in 28. septembra 2018 predstavljeni na VI. mednarodnem znanstvenem srečanju mladih humanistov. Slednje je pod naslovom Slovani od preloma 19. in 20. stoletja do danes: jezikovne, zgodovinsko-politične spremembe in književni doprinos soča- sno s slovenskim slavističnim kongresom potekalo v Vidmu v sosednji Italiji. Srečanje se je prvikrat selilo preko slovenskih meja in je bilo prvikrat dvodnevno. Tri vodilne teme srečanja so bile lokaciji primerne in so se navezovale na glavne teme slavističnega kongresa: na stoto obletnico konca prve svetovne vojne, jezik v zamejstvu in Cankarjevo leto. Izbrali smo 16 prispevkov, ki smo jih razdelili v štiri sekcije: sekcijo o manjšinskih jezikih, jezikovno, prevajalsko in didaktično sekcijo, literarno sekcijo in sekcijo, posvečeno prvi svetovni vojni. V zborniku so glede na omenjena tematska področja objavljeni le tisti članki, ki so prejeli pozitivno recenzentsko oceno. Večina jih je napisana v slovenskem jeziku, po- leg slovenščine pa jih boste lahko brali še v angleščini, bolgarščini, srbščini in makedonščini. V uredništvu se najlepše zahvaljujemo vsem recenzentom, ki so bili pripravljeni opraviti recenzijo prispevkov, nekateri so recenzirali tudi več člankov. Ob branju vam želimo veliko užitkov in da boste izvedeli čim več novega. Nina Zavašnik Slovani od preloma 19. in 20. stoletja do danes 7 Maciej Mętrak Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Slavic Studies (Warsaw) [email protected] Wymysorys (Vilamovicean) and Halcnovian: Historical and Present-Day Sociolinguistic Situation of Microlanguages in a Southern-Polish Language Island This article describes the history and the present situation of a Germanic language island in the southern-Polish town of Bielsko-Biała and its neighbouring settlements. While most of the inhabitants were expelled as German nationals after 1945, the town of Wilamowice, isolated from the rest of the enclave, survived and today became a “laboratory” of language revitalisation efforts. The signs of the former multilingualism in other nearby settlements, however, are almost nonexistent, as shown in the example of Hałcnów. Keywords: microlanguages, language islands, Wymysorys, Halcnovian, Wilamowice, Hałc- nów, language revitalization, Germanic-Slavic linguistic relations, Poland Vilamovščina in halcnovščina: zgodovinski in sodobni sociolingvistični položaj mikroje- zikov na jezikovnem otoku na jugu Poljske Članek opisuje zgodovino in sedanje stanje germanskega jezikovnega otoka v južnopoljskem mestu Bielsko-Biała in njegovih sosednjih naseljih. Medtem ko je bila večina prebivalcev germanskega porekla izgnana po letu 1945, je mesto Wilamowice, izolirano od preostanka enklave, preživelo in je danes postalo »laboratorij« prizadevanj za oživitev jezika. Vendar pa znakov nekdanje večjezičnosti v drugih bližnjih naseljih skorajda ni, kot je prikazano na primeru nekdanje vasi Hałcnów. Ključne besede: mikrojeziki, jezikovni otoki, vilamovščina, halcnovščina, Wilamowice, Hałcnów, revitalizacija jezika, Poljska The impact of German language on Slavic languages, especially those used in the areas once governed by German-speaking states, is well known and stud- ied. Contrary to the popular belief, it’s not only Slavs who were influenced by their larger and politically stronger Germanic neighbours (with Lusatian Sorbs being the epitome of a Slavic “island” surrounded by the German “sea”). Over the years German dialects were also heavily influenced by the Slavic loanwords, grammar and morphological structures (Siatkowski 2015: 13-22). Some of the 8 6. Mednarodno znanstveno srečanje mladih humanistov most interesting cases of language contact happened in the linguistic enclaves or “language islands” (Sprachinseln), as they are called by the German dialectol- ogy. One of such enclaves surrounded by the Slavic speaking population thrived until 1945 in the southern Polish twin town of Bielsko-Biała1 (German: Bielitz- Biala) and its neighbouring settlements on the historical border of Silesia and Lesser Poland regions. Most of its inhabitants were expelled from communist Poland shortly after the II World War as members of the German nation. Today the only visible remnant of the former multilingualism in the area is the town of Wilamowice. As it was separated from the rest of the Germanic language enclave by Polish villages, its inhabitants developed their own ethnic and linguistic iden- tity, distinguishing them from both the Poles and the Germans. With the number of native speakers of the local language (called Wymysiöeryś2) still dwindling, it has become a laboratory for language revitalisation efforts.3 The aim of this paper is to describe the historical and current linguistic situation of Wymysorys and to compare it with closely related but less fortunate linguistic variety (called Alznerisch or Pauerisch) spoken in the nearby village of Hałcnów, since 1977 the northeastern most district of Bielsko-Biała. The article is
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    European Union languages LANGUAGES OF EUROPE THE IBERIAN PENINSULA The Iberian Peninsula is formed by Portugal, Spain and Andorra. LANGUAGES IN IBERIAN PENINSULA The official languages in these three states: Portugal: Portuguese Spain: Spanish, Basque, Catalan, Aragonese, Eonavian, Occitan, Asturian Leonese. Andorra: Spanish and Catalan Historic languages Pre-Roman languages ● Iberian ● Tartessian The following languages were spoken in the Iberian ● Indo-European languages Peninsula before the Roman occupation and the spread of ● Celtic languages ● Celtiberian the Latin language. ● Gallaecian ● Aquitanian (probably closely related to or the same ● Lusitanian (disputed: either Italic, Celtic, Para-Celtic or as Proto-Basque) other Indo-European) ● Proto-Basque ● Sorothaptic ● Hellenic ● Ancient Greek ● Afro-Asiatic languages ● Semitic languages ● Phoenician ● Punic Migrant languages THE TOP 10 MOST ENDANGERED LANGUAGES IN EUROPE 10. CAPPADOCIAN GREEK (Greece, 2800 native speakers) 3. KARAIM (Lithuania, Crimea, Poland, Ukraine, 80 native speakers) 9. TSAKONIAN (Greece, 200-1000 native speakers) 2. CORNISH (Cornwall, UK, 3500 native 8. WYMYSORYS (Poland, 70 native speakers) speakers) 7. PITE SAMI (Sweden, 25-50 native speakers) 1. MANX (Isle of man, UK, 100 native speakers) 6. GOTTSCHEERISH (Slovenia, unknown native speakers) 5.UME SAMI (Sweden, 10-20 native speakers) 4. HÉRTEVIN (Turkey, 1000 native speakers) EU COUNTRIES LANGUAGES Albania Belarus Finland Albanian (Shqip, Tosk (Toskë) is the Belarusian, Russian Finnish (suomi) 93.4%, Swedish
  • Evoking a Displaced Homeland: the 'Poetic Memoir' of Andrzej Chciuk

    Evoking a Displaced Homeland: the 'Poetic Memoir' of Andrzej Chciuk

    Evoking a Displaced Homeland: the ‘Poetic Memoir’ of Andrzej Chciuk Mary Besemeres Abstract This article looks at some poems by Polish Australian writer Andrzej Chciuk (1920-1978). Chciuk migrated to Australia from France in 1951, having escaped Nazi-occupied Poland as a twenty-year-old in 1940. In Australia he worked as a schoolteacher in Melbourne while continuing to write poetry and fiction in Polish. His work was published in prestigious Polish emigré outlets like the Paris-based journal Kultura and in Australia with sponsorship from the Polish migrant community; to date no English translations of it have appeared. My article focuses on a sequence of poems in his 1961 Pamiętnik poetycki (Poetic Memoir) called ‘Tamta Ziemia’ (That Other Land), about the cities and towns of Chciuk’s childhood: Lwów, Borysław and his hometown of Drohobycz. When the author was growing up these towns were in eastern Poland; by the time of his writing, in the 1950s, however, they had become part of Soviet Ukraine, and were thus doubly removed from his life in Australia. He wrote as a displaced person whose childhood home had itself been displaced. Hence the powerful note of longing that pervades his ‘poetic memoir’. Through a reading of some passages in my English translation, I hope to convey something of Chciuk’s lively poetic voice, and to show that he deserves admission to discussions of twentieth-century transnational Australian literature. * * * * * Translingual writers from Ha Jin to Jhumpa Lahiri are increasingly at the forefront of contemporary literature in English, but writers in Anglophone countries working in languages other than English have tended to remain obscure, as Sonia Mycak1 and Michael Jacklin2 have shown in the Australian context.