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Post-Conflict Reconstruction in Mostar: Cart Before the Horse
Divided Cities/Contested States Working Paper No. 7, 2009 Post-conflict reconstruction in Mostar: Cart before the Horse Jon Calame (Minerva Partners) and Amir Pasic (IRCICA) Conflict in Cities and the Contested State: Everyday life and the possibilities for transformation in Belfast, Jerusalem and other divided cities UK Economic and Social Research Council Large Grants Scheme, RES-060-25-0015, 2007-2012. Divided Cities/Contested States Working Paper Series www.conflictincities.org/workingpapers.html Editor: Prof James Anderson Associate Editors: Prof Mick Dumper, Prof Liam O'Dowd and Dr Wendy Pullan Editorial Assistant: Dr Milena Komarova Correspondence to: [email protected]; [email protected] THE SERIES 1. From Empires to Ethno-national Conflicts: A framework for studying ‘divided cities’ in ‘contested states’ – Part 1, J. Anderson, 2008. 2. The Politics of Heritage and the Limitations of International Agency in Divided Cities: The role of UNESCO in Jerusalem’s Old City, M. Dumper and C. Larkin, 2008. 3. Shared space in Belfast and the limits of A Shared Future, M. Komarova, 2008. 4. The Multiple Borders of Jerusalem: Policy implications for the future of the city, M. Dumper, 2008. 5. New Spaces and Old in ‘Post-Conflict’ Belfast, B. Murtagh, 2008. 6. Jerusalem’s ‘City of David’: The Politicisation of Urban Heritage, W. Pullan and M. Gwiazda, 2008. 7. Post-conflict reconstruction in Mostar: Cart before the Horse, J. Calame and A. Pasic, 2009. Editorial note This invited Working Paper is related to a book co-authored by Jon Calame and Esther Charlesworth entitled: Divided Cities: Belfast, Beirut, Jerusalem, Mostar, and Nicosia. -
Tuzla Is a City in the Northeastern Part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It Is the Seat of the Tuzla Canton and Is the Econo
Summary: Tuzla is a city in the northeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the seat of the Tuzla Canton and is the economic, scientific, cultural, educational, health and tourist centre of northeast Bosnia. Preliminary results from the 2013 Census indicate that the municipality has a population of 120,441. District Heating System of Tuzla City started in October 1983. Project to supply Tuzla City with heat energy from Tuzla Power Plant that will have combined production of electricity and heat was happened in 4 phases. The requirements for connection to Tuzla District Heating brought of system in position that in 2005 we got to the maximum capacity and we had to do wide modernization of network pipes and heat substations. Facts about the Tuzla district energy system Annual heat carrying capacity: 300,000 MWth Temperature: 130–60°C Transmission network length: 19.6 km (2x9.8 km) Distribution network length: 142.4 km (2x71.2 km) Power station fuel: Coal Number of users: Total: 22934 Flats snd Houses: 20979 Public Institutions: 156 Commercial units: 1799 Heated area (square meters): Total: 1718787 Flats and Houses: 1158402 Public Institutions: 220460 Commercial units: 339925 Results achieved by reengineering the Tuzla district energy system • 30 % energy savings compared to old system before retrofit • Capacity expanded by 36 % within the existing flow of 2,300 m3/h • Reengineering of 98 substations: ball valves, strainers, pressure regulators, control valves, temperature and pressure sensors, safety thermostats, weather stations, electronic controllers, thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs), energy meters Tuzla is a city in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the seat of the Tuzla Canton and is the economic, scientific, cultural, educational, health and tourist centre of northeast Bosnia. -
Bosnia and Herzegovina Joint Opinion on the Legal
Strasbourg, Warsaw, 9 December 2019 CDL-AD(2019)026 Opinion No. 951/2019 Or. Engl. ODIHR Opinion Nr.:FoA-BiH/360/2019 EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) OSCE OFFICE FOR DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS (OSCE/ODIHR) BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA JOINT OPINION ON THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK GOVERNING THE FREEDOM OF PEACEFUL ASSEMBLY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, IN ITS TWO ENTITIES AND IN BRČKO DISTRICT Adopted by the Venice Commission at its 121st Plenary Session (Venice, 6-7 December 2019) On the basis of comments by Ms Claire BAZY-MALAURIE (Member, France) Mr Paolo CAROZZA (Member, United States of America) Mr Nicolae ESANU (Substitute member, Moldova) Mr Jean-Claude SCHOLSEM (substitute member, Belgium) This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. www.venice.coe.int CDL-AD(2019)026 - 2 - Table of Contents I. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 3 II. Background and Scope of the Opinion ...................................................................... 4 III. International Standards .............................................................................................. 5 IV. Legal context and legislative competence .................................................................. 6 V. Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 8 A. Definitions of public assembly .................................................................................. -
A Federalism for Bosnia
A Federalism for Bosnia 14 January 2004, Transitions Online (www.tol.cz) The European Stability Initiative offers a thoughtful, though not radical, solution for reorganizing Bosnia. But can it work? by Valery Perry SARAJEVO, Bosnia and Herzegovina--The recent proposal from the European Stability Initiative (ESI) may not be as radical as its enticing title suggests, but it does deserve considered thought for its strengths and potential challenges to implementation. In “Making Federalism Work--A Radical Proposal for Practical Reform” (8 January 2004), ESI’s writers suggest that BiH be administratively organized in 12 cantons: the 10 cantons that currently comprise the largely Bosniak and Croat Federation entity, plus the Serb-dominated Republika Srpska entity and Brcko District. This would result in a more typical structure of governance based on three layers of government: the central government, 12 cantons, and their municipalities. This proposal, while useful for its straightforward nature, is not however, an entirely new concept, for its essence is based on the removal of the level of entity governance--in the Federation by dissolving the Federation structures entirely, and in the RS by establishing the current territory of the entity as one large canton that is equal in autonomy, rights and responsibilities as the other 11 proposed cantons. The two entity-levels of bureaucracy and expense have always been the problem in developing streamlined and logical governmental structures in BiH. They are also the unit of government with no parallel in other developed democracies. Calls for the disappearance of the entity structure of governance have come in various forms in the past: The Party for BiH’s (SBiH) 2000 campaign slogan “For a BiH without Entities” was perhaps the most blatant. -
No Slide Title
Operation Performance Evaluation Review Environmental Analysis & Audit and Assistance with Restructuring - Regional Railway - Bosnia and Herzegovina (Public Sector Technical Cooperation Operations) September 2009 ab0cd OPERATION PERFORMANCE EVALUATION REVIEW (OPER) PREFACE This Evaluation Report The subject of this Operation Performance Evaluation Review (OPER) are the public sector Technical Cooperation (TC) operations “Environmental Analysis & Audit” and “Assistance with Restructuring”, which involved, on commitment basis, a funding of €30,000 and €300,000, respectively. The funding was provided under the Italian Central European Initiative (CEI) facility as part of the Bank’s Technical Cooperation Funds Programme (TCFP). The TCs were meant to facilitate the Bank’s loan “Bosnia and Herzegovina: Regional Railway Project” (BDS05-175), the Bank’s second loan in this transport sub-sector in the country. The OPER has been executed by Wolfgang Gruber, Senior Evaluation Manager. Josip Polic, Principal Banker of the Resident Office (RO) in Sarajevo (Bosnia and Herzegovina) prepared the self-evaluation (TC) Project Completion Report (PCR) for the second TC; a PCR for the first-mentioned TC is not available. The operation team and other relevant Bank staff commented on an early draft of this report. The Basic Data Sheet on page [iii] of this report and the PCR in Appendix 4 are complementary to this OPER and designed to be read together. Information on the TC operations was obtained from relevant teams and departments of the Bank and its files as well as from external sector and industry sources. Fieldwork was carried out in June 2009. Appendix 1 presents a list of contacts. EvD would like to take this opportunity to thank those who contributed to the production of this report. -
IFOR: Mission Accomplished S •• SFOR: Mission Goes on F Ner
I F 0 R Published in the interest of the Implementation Forces Wednesday, December 18, 1996 Vol. I, N0 23 INSIDE 'Almeria' Brigade arrives ... Page 3 /FOR Soldiers fi·om Norway, United Kingdom, United States, Germany, Uhraine, France, Portugal, Turleey, Rom.ania, .Italy, Sweden, Belgium, Spain and a Swiss OSCE membe1; join together to give the thumbs up to the success/iLl end of /FOR's mission on be hall of their countries and all the other contributing nations. Photo: CPIC, Sarajevo Superman fights mines P{/ge 5 IFOR: mission accomplished s •• SFOR: mission goes on F ner. " Most significantly, he Less than 90 days from D was able to refer to the skills elay, Lt. Gen. Sir Michael 0 of the first IFOR troops as Walker, Commander of the "making the nearly impossi ACE Rapid Reaction Corps, R ble seem routine." speaking as commander of These statements were IFOR Land Forces, was able made against a backdrop of to comment upon his forces' David Taylor daily, world-wide media cov success as they prepared for erage that showed the first the final days of implement brave men and women of Getting l\1ostar airport NATO-led, multi-national ing what would become the Europe, the U.S., and around ready l'm:e 7 ednesday, Feb. 14, deployment - almost 60,000 Inter Entity Boundary Line the world, are striving to 1996 - Barely two troops from more than 30 (IEBL) and ensuring that make every moment of their Wmonths after h._. contributing nations Faction troops continued time here count for some signing of the Dayton Peat L 1 ollm~ powerfully and withdrawal to their bar thing; to leave a legacy. -
Reunifying Mostar: Opportunities for Progress
REUNIFYING MOSTAR: OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROGRESS 19 April 2000 ICG Balkans Report N° 90 Sarajevo/Washington/Brussels, 19 April 2000 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY & RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................i I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................1 A. HDZ Obstruction...................................................................................................2 B. International Community Disarray..........................................................................3 II. BROKEN PROMISES: 1994-1999 .........................................................................4 A. The 1994 Geneva MOU .........................................................................................4 B. Towards Ethnic Apartheid......................................................................................4 C. EU Aid Reinforces Ethnic Apartheid ........................................................................6 D. Madrid and Dayton: defining the local administration of Mostar ................................7 E. Koschnick’s Decree and the Rome Agreement: EU Caves in to the HDZ.....................9 F. Mostar’s First Elections and the Myth of the Interim Statute ...................................12 G. The Liska Street Incident and Unified Police..........................................................18 H. No Progress, New Elections .................................................................................24 I. No progress, -
Chemistry Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina
c e p s Journal | Vol.10 | No1 | Year 2020 83 doi: 10.26529/cepsj.715 Chemistry Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina Meliha Zejnilagić-Hajrić*1 and Ines Nuić2 • In this paper, the education system in Bosnia and Herzegovina is pre- sented in the light of current state-level legislation, with an emphasis on chemistry education at the primary, secondary and tertiary level. The consequences of the last war in our country still persist and are visible in many aspects of everyday life, including the education system, thus lim- iting the efforts of education professionals to follow international trends in education. There are three valid curricula for primary education at the national level, each of which differs in the national group of school subjects. Teaching methods are common for all three curricula and are mainly teacher-oriented. The situation is similar with regard to second- ary education. Study programmes at the university level are organised in accordance with the Bologna principles. The programmes are made by the universities themselves and approved by the corresponding ministry of education. Chemical education research in Bosnia and Herzegovina is mainly conducted at the University of Sarajevo. It deals with (1) the problems of experimental work in chemistry teaching, resulting in more than 60 experiments optimised for primary and secondary school, (2) integrating the knowledge of chemistry, physics and physical chemis- try for university students, with regard to students’ difficulties observed during university courses and potential solutions, and (3) the effective- ness of web-based learning material in primary school chemistry for the integration of macroscopic and submicroscopic levels. -
Peacebuilding in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Mostar and Brčko
Research and Information Service Briefing Note Paper 75/14 16 June 2014 NIAR 264a-14 Michael Potter Peacebuilding in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Mostar and Brčko 1 Introduction This Briefing Note supplements the Briefing Paper Peace Building Initiatives: Examples Outside Northern Ireland, 4 April 2014, prepared for the Committee for the Office of the First Minister and deputy First Minister in the context of scrutinising community relations policy in Northern Ireland. The Note briefly summarises approaches to post-conflict peacebuilding in two towns in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Mostar in the South-West and Brčko in the North-East. The two towns have been compared due to the different approaches to peacebuilding within one country in the transition from conflict. 2 Context: A Brief Summary of the Post-Conflict Arrangements in Bosnia and Herzegovina During the process of the break-up of Yugoslavia, the war commenced in Bosnia and Herzegovina, one of the constituent republics in the federation, following a declaration of independence in 1992. In broad terms, the conflict was generally depicted as one between the three main ethnic communities in the republic: Serbs, Croats and Muslims (later to be referred to as ‘Bosniaks’), although the actual conflict processes were more Providing research and information services to the Northern Ireland Assembly 1 NIAR 264a-014 Briefing Note complex than this. The Washington Agreement in 1994 united Croat and Bosniak forces against the Serbs and the Dayton Agreement in 1995 resulted in a cessation of hostilities, -
Jasmina Osmankovic Ph. D. Institute for Sarajevo Development Planning Sarajevo, Bosnia -Herzegovina Tel: +387 66 142 862
Jasmina Osmankovic Ph. D. Institute for Sarajevo Development Planning Sarajevo, Bosnia -Herzegovina Tel: +387 66 142 862 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA Contents Abstract Why regional development of Bosnia -Herzegovina Theory of regional development Theory of regional development in papers of BiH authors Issues of regional development in papers of BiH authors ú Region ú Regional centers ú Regionalization ú Concentration and polarization ú Development of underdeveloped regions ú Territorial organization ú Evolution of regional development Regional policy in XX century Present picture of the regional structure Regional policy in XXI century Abstract Justification for dealing with the regional development of Bosnia -Herzegovina lays in its importance for Bosnia -Herzegovina or the possibilities to contribute to the efficiency of global development process, elimination of underdevelopment, decreasing the differences in development level, generating and accelerating the development itself by using adequate strategy and policy of regional development. Strong cause-consequence relationship of regional development and sustainable, humane development, or Comprehensive Development Framework (CDF further on) is not less important, especially in context of B&H obligations to implement the documents adopted on the world and European level in period from 1992 to 2001. Additional arguments for choosing this topic can be found also in the importance of regional development while profiling the development for the next century in context of new political moments. Bosnia -Herzegovina, as an independent, sovereign and internationally recognized country is fully responsible for its entire development. Issues of regional development, especially the regionalization of Bosnia -Herzegovina have been elaborated thoroughly and for a long time in papers of B&H authors, that represents solid foundations for the development policy in the second half of XX century. -
Tuzla, the Third Side, and the Bosnian War by Joshua N
Tuzla, The Third Side, and the Bosnian War By Joshua N. Weiss1 We have always been a melting pot and have had the possibility to stay like that during the terrible war. That's why the nationalist forces could not manifest themselves here, though they have tried it. Selim Beslagic, Mayor of Tuzla Introduction More than 250,000 dead. 500,000 refugees. The worst war in Europe since World War II. Unfortunately, these facts and statements are only too familiar to those who experienced or witnessed the "Third Balkan War." This war ripped through the heart of Southern Europe from 1991 until 1995 leaving unspeakable atrocities in its wake, horrors most humans can't imagine, and a nationalist sentiment that appeared to doom the area for decades to come. The nationalist sentiment was so strong and pervasive that it moved people to commit acts even they would not believe they were capable of carrying out. To briefly try to understand why the war occurred in Bosnia-Herzegovina (heretofore simply Bosnia) one must begin by understanding who was involved, why they were involved, and what the guiding forces were that tipped the former Yugoslavia into chaos. The parties to this conflict were numerous, but may be divided along three dominant national/ethnic lines. There were the Bosnian Croats (who were supported by their brethren in neighboring Croatia) lead by Franjo Tudman, the Bosnian Serbs (who were supported by their brethren in Serbia) lead by Slobodan Milosevic and Radovan Karadic, and the Bosnian Muslims (who did not have a direct surrogate, but did get help from some Islamic countries) lead by Alija Izetbegovic. -
WAR WASTE and POLLUTION of KARSTIC AREA of BOSNIA and HERZEGOVINA with Pcbs
LEVELS IN SOIL AND WATER WAR WASTE AND POLLUTION OF KARSTIC AREA OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA WITH PCBs NENA PICER1, Neven Miošić2, Vedranka Hodak-Kobasić1, Tanja Kovač1, Violeta Čalić1, Hasim Hrvatović2 1Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb 2Geological survey, Sarajevo Introduction During the recent war, the karst area of Bosnia & Herzegovina has been jeopardized by hazardous waste and deserves particular attention because of its exceptional ecological sensitivity and unfortunately unscrupulous destruction of natural resources, infrastructure, homes and enterprises. This was the reason for creation and planning of a joint three year Project – APOPSBAL, within which scientists from the jeopardized countries (Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, and Serbia and Montenegro) with the help of scientists from other friendly countries (Czech Republic, Austria, Slovenia and Greece) would identify the real problems concerning the PCB and other POPs contamination of the environment1. Objectives of this Project in Bosnia and Herzegovina are: 1) To collect data about damaged facilities with oil with PCBs and also other even more dangereous POPs in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 2) Much better determining the hydrogeological fate of PCBs and other POPs compounds in the most threatened areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina polluted with the POPs. Special emphasis will be paid for the sensitive karstic media of these areas. 3) To recognize in the field directly the technical state of electrotransformers and capacitors with pyralene with special attention to spilling of this oil into the environment. 4) To sample soil and sediments from the sites thought polluted with PCBs and to analyse themselves on its content. 5) To choose several sites for atmospheric monitoring samples with POPs, which are in surroundings to the ground argumentative contaminated with POPs in Bosnia and Herzegovina to establish real data about level of contamination of this very important part of human ecosphere.