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Texas Latino Voters Study Slides Deck

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Texas Latino Voters Study Slides Deck Real Talk: Understanding Texas Latino Voters Through Meaningful Conversation By Michael Powell, Ph.D., Cecilia Ballí, Ph.D., and Betsabeth Monica Lugo, Ph.D. Thank you to the generous sponsors of this study: Ford Foundation Open Society Foundations Stardust Foundation Way to Rise The Texas Organizing Project Education Fund (TOPEF), founded in 2009, is the largest Black and Latino grassroots progressive organization in Texas, with the capacity to engage in year-round community organizing and significantly grow the electorate. Their work is concentrated in the largest and fastest- growing counties of Harris, Fort Bend, Dallas, and Bexar, with the goal of transforming Texas into a state where working people of color have the power and representation they deserve. Culture Concepts, LLC, is a strategic and creative consultancy that provides ethnographic research, cultural analysis, storytelling, and strategic messaging. The founder and principal, Cecilia Ballí, Ph.D., is a cultural anthropologist with an expertise in U.S.-Mexico border and Latino issues. The two other researchers and authors of the study are Michael Powell, Ph.D., a cultural anthropologist, and Betsabeth Monica Lugo, Ph.D., a sociologist. The report’s cover and visual identity were created by Kindred Spirits Design Co., a Houston-based graphic design studio owned and operated by Giovanna Pineda. Real Talk: Understanding Texas Latino Voters Through Meaningful Conversation 2 Executive Summary Latinos in Texas represent a fast-growing demographic What emerges is a clearer picture that reveals the and community of voters. As soon as 2021, they various gaps that keep Latinos from being better- are expected to become the largest ethnic group in incorporated and served by the political system— the state. They make up 30 percent of the Texas as well as the areas of opportunity for building a electorate—about 5.6 million Latinos are currently more active and engaged electorate. This picture eligible to vote—and for the first time this year, defies some common stereotypes about Latino voters. they’re projected to be the second-largest share of eligible voters nationally, after Whites. We began the study by investigating what forces generate a Latino voter. We discovered that Yet in comparison with other groups, Latino voter Latinos who vote feel empowered and invested turnout continues to lag. in the political system and have a firm sense of belonging on personal and social levels. They feel Why? they have a right to be heard, they believe they Theories and misconceptions abound. This study can influence political outcomes, and they’re able seeks to offer better answers by allowing Latinos to to directly relate government policy to their lives. explain things in their own words. Based on in-depth, They often interact with other voters or politically one-on-one interviews with more than one hundred engaged individuals. eligible voters in five major regions of the state, this Conversely, Latino nonvoters are not sure their vote research provides the first holistic look not just at why matters, they do not come from voting communities some Texas Latinos vote and others don’t—but how they or backgrounds, and they do not feel that people in view and relate to government. government or politicalcandidates and parties truly Unlike polls that categorize political perspectives care about their experiences or perspectives. They through multiple-choice surveys, this study was built tend to feel a lower sense of belonging in society upon hundreds of hours of dialogue and careful and less agency over their lives. Contrary to popular listening. The insights provided by this approach myths, however, we did not find Latinos uninformed have the potential to reframe how we understand or apathetic about politics. Instead, the nonvoters we and publicly discuss the political lives of Latinos. spoke with struggle to see a relationship between People can’t always fully articulate why they don’t their political interests and the policies, campaigns, vote, for example, but a more complete portrait or behaviors of those in power. comes into focus when we step back to explore their We were reminded of the crucial fact that voting is a attitudes towards politics and representative government, social habit—a practice that gets developed over time and how these are shaped by their personal background and through the modeling of others. and social and cultural experiences. Real Talk: Understanding Texas Latino Voters Through Meaningful Conversation 3 For various reasons explored in the report, it is a habit ■ Immigration is a widely discussed and that has been established among Latinos far less important issue for most Latinos, but not the top than among Blacks and Whites. However, as social issue that determines their voting behaviors or habits can be created, developed and shared, we level of political engagement. While they relate found sources for optimism. Many Latinos we spoke to it on a personal level, there is not one unified with have become or are becoming part of emerging view that aligns neatly with political ideologies. communities of voting in Texas. Looking deeper into Most Texas Latinos believe in the aspirational political engagement, the study reveals a set of key dream of immigration, and they also widely takeaways, with implications for campaigns seeking to accept the premise of an immigration system that increase voting and civic engagement among Latinos: is regulated, with varying opinions about how the system should work and how much control there should be. ■ Supporting a political party is one factor that can drive voter turnout and civic engagement, but we did not discover a strong degree of ■ Latinos understand and engage more closely partisanship among Latinos. Partisan identification with national politics, in comparison with local is delicate or weak, even among people who politics, which only regular voters pay attention regularly vote for or affiliate with one party. to, usually once they have established homes and Instead, we would characterize “hybridity” as families. State politics are very widely ignored, and the more common approach to political values few know who represents them or understand and ideology among a great many Texas Latinos. the issues that are legislated at the state level. The report explores various reasons why most Latinos don’t strongly identify with Democrats ■ Latinos recognize the 2020 presidential or Republicans, or with the labels “progressive,” election as a potential turning point for the future “conservative” or “moderate.” of the country. As a whole, Latinos are remarkably pessimistic about the direction the country is ■ Latino political identity is complex, slippery going in, in relation to issues such as health care and strategic, rather than an innate identity. Texas and the economy, but also to what they perceive Latinos relate strongly to their ethnic identity and to be an environment of increasing conflict, hate cultural roots. But they identify with more specific and division. ethnic or national-origin labels such as “Mexican American” and “Mexican” (Guatemalan, Puerto ■ Latinos seek more meaningful incorporation Rican, etc.)—and with the more conventional into a political system that sees them, listens umbrella term “Hispanic”—than with “Latino,” or, to them, and responds to their needs. They far less, “Latinx.” Many of them don’t feel that generally recognize that they are not proportionally there is a natural political affinity among all represented at all levels of government. But Latinos that would translate to a collective ethnic seeking incorporation does not necessarily politics or a singular “Latino Vote.” While most of mean just electing more Latinos, as not all Latino them have experienced discrimination or been politicians respond to them the same way. For made to feel different, they are not galvanized various reasons, regions such as San Antonio around a sense of shared history or political and the Rio Grande Valley, where there are struggle, given a lack of public awareness about significant numbers of Latinos in office today, Latino history and racism. face even higher levels of voter disengagement. Real Talk: Understanding Texas Latino Voters Through Meaningful Conversation 4 In a follow-up round of interviews after the COVID-19 pandemic began, we revisited a set of nonvoters and occasional voters to find out how recent events had impacted their lives and views of government. We found that: ■ Latinos recognize their vulnerability now, perhaps more than ever. Their lives have been extraordinarily impacted by the pandemic, causing deep concerns for their livelihoods. ■ COVID government responses have allowed Latinos to become better aware of the different levels of government, and they are deeply frustrated with those responses not coordinating or aligning. ■ Generally, Latinos do not feel confident in government right now, much more so than before. ■ Many, but not all, Latino nonvoters and occasional voters now say they plan to vote in 2020. The pandemic raised the stakes and allowed them to better connect government actions directly to their lives. In conclusion, we discovered that the lack of enthusiasm for voting among many Texas Latinos is not the result of apathy or an uninformed populace. Rather, Latinos seek reciprocal engagement with politicians, political parties and campaigns that will allow them to better understand the weight of their vote and the direct effect of government policy on their lives. We found that the popular metaphor of the Latino electorate as a “sleeping giant” is vastly inadequate and misleading—Latino voters are not asleep, but instead will continue to strengthen progressively as an electorate as voting habits grow and as the political system properly responds to them. Based on our findings, we strongly recommend engagement projects that prioritize authentically listening to the political interests and everyday challenges of Latinos, rather than imposing other people’s presumptions, ideologies or narratives. Among the choices in politics today, Latinos do not see their voices and realities reflected.
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