NSSE 2020 Topical Module Report Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity California State University, Sacramento

IPEDS: 110617

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2 • NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Administration Summary California State University, Sacramento

About This Topical Module This module examines environments, processes, and activities that reflect the engagement and validation of cultural diversity and promote greater understanding of societal differences. Questions explore students’ exposure to inclusive teaching practices and intercultural learning; perceptions of institutional values and commitment regarding diversity; and participation in diversity-related programming and coursework. Complementary FSSE set available.

Comparison Group This section summarizes how this module's comparison group was identified, including selection criteria and whether the default option was taken. This is followed by the resulting list of institutions represented in the 'Inclusiv & Cult Div' column of this report.

Group label Inclusiv & Cult Div Date submitted Not applicable; comparison group not customized. How was this Your institution did not customize this comparison group; the default group (all module participants) was used. comparison group constructed?

Group description Default comparison group

Inclusiv & Cult Div (N=207) Albright College (Reading, PA)* Castleton University (Castleton, VT)* (Reading, PA)* Cedar Crest College (Allentown, PA) Andrews University (Berrien Springs, MI)* Central Michigan University (Mount Pleasant, MI)* (Glenside, PA) Chadron State College (Chadron, NE) Auburn University at Montgomery (Montgomery, AL) Chapman University (Orange, CA)* Augusta University (Augusta, GA) (Philadelphia, PA) Augustana University (Sioux Falls, SD) Colgate University (Hamilton, NY) Babson College (Babson Park, MA) College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University, The (Saint Joseph, MN)* Baker University (Baldwin City, KS)* College of Saint Scholastica, The (Duluth, MN) Baldwin Wallace University (Berea, OH) Colorado State University (Fort Collins, CO)* Bay Path University (Longmeadow, MA)* Concordia University (Portland, OR)* Bentley University (Waltham, MA) Concordia University (Montreal, QC) Berea College (Berea, KY)* Concordia University-Saint Paul (Saint Paul, MN)* Binghamton University (State University of New York) (Vestal, NY) Converse College (Spartanburg, SC) Bowling Green State University (Bowling Green, OH)* Culver-Stockton College (Canton, MO)* Brenau University (Gainesville, GA) CUNY York College (Jamaica, NY)* Butler University (Indianapolis, IN) (Madison, SD) (Radnor, PA) Denison University (Granville, OH) California Baptist University (Riverside, CA)* Dickinson College (Carlisle, PA)* California College of the Arts (San Francisco, CA) Drew University (Madison, NJ) California Lutheran University (Thousand Oaks, CA) East Tennessee State University (Johnson City, TN)* California State University-Channel Islands (Camarillo, CA) Eastern Nazarene College (Quincy, MA) California State University-Stanislaus (Turlock, CA) Eastern Washington University (Cheney, WA) California State University, Chico (Chico, CA) Emory University (Atlanta, GA) California State University, Fullerton (Fullerton, CA) Emporia State University (Emporia, KS) California State University, Los Angeles (Los Angeles, CA) Endicott College (Beverly, MA) California State University, Monterey Bay (Seaside, CA) Fairfield University (Fairfield, CT) Capilano University (North Vancouver, BC)* Farmingdale State College (Farmingdale, NY) Capital University (Columbus, OH)* Fitchburg State University (Fitchburg, MA)* (Kenosha, WI)* (Saint Louis, MO)

*2019 participant NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT • 3 Inclusiv & Cult Div (N=207), continued Fort Lewis College (Durango, CO)* Ringling College of Art and Design (Sarasota, FL) Fresno Pacific University (Fresno, CA)* Rochester Institute of Technology (Rochester, NY)* Gonzaga University (Spokane, WA)* Rochester University (Rochester Hills, MI) Grace College and Theological Seminary (Winona Lake, IN)* Roosevelt University (Chicago, IL) Grand View University (Des Moines, IA)* Rowan University (Glassboro, NJ)* Gustavus Adolphus College (Saint Peter, MN)* Saint Joseph's College (Standish, ME) Harvey Mudd College (Claremont, CA) Saint Mary's University of Minnesota (Winona, MN)* High Point University (High Point, NC)* Saint Michael's College (Colchester, VT) (Hamburg, NY)* (Newport, RI) (Frederick, MD)* Sam Houston State University (Huntsville, TX)* Hope College (Holland, MI) Seattle Pacific University (Seattle, WA)* Illinois College (Jacksonville, IL) Seattle University (Seattle, WA)* Illinois State University (Normal, IL) Seton Hall University (South Orange, NJ)* Iona College (New Rochelle, NY)* (Greensburg, PA)* Ithaca College (Ithaca, NY)* Shenandoah University (Winchester, VA) John (Siloam Springs, AR) Shepherd University (Shepherdstown, WV)* Kalamazoo College (Kalamazoo, MI)* Simmons University (Boston, MA) Kansas State University (Manhattan, KS)* St. Francis Xavier University (Antigonish, NS) Kenyon College (Gambier, OH) St. Louis College of Pharmacy (Saint Louis, MO) (Appleton, WI)* St. Mary's College of Maryland (St. Mary's City, MD)* LIM College (New York, NY)* St. Thomas University (Fredericton, NB) Linfield College - McMinnville Campus (McMinnville, OR) State University of New York at Brockport (Brockport, NY) Linfield College-Online and Continuing Education (McMinnville, OR) State University of New York at Fredonia (Fredonia, NY) Linfield College-Portland Campus (Portland, OR) State University of New York at Geneseo, The (Geneseo, NY) Lipscomb University (Nashville, TN) (Stevenson, MD) (Farmville, VA) Stonehill College (Easton, MA) Loyola University New Orleans (New Orleans, LA) Sul Ross State University (Alpine, TX) Lycoming College (Williamsport, PA) SUNY College at Oswego (Oswego, NY) Macalester College (Saint Paul, MN) SUNY College of Agriculture and Technology at Cobleskill (Cobleskill, NY) Marian University (Indianapolis, IN)* SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry (Syracuse, NY) Marshall University (Huntington, WV) SUNY College of Technology at Canton (Canton, NY) Maryland Institute College of Art (Baltimore, MD) Tarleton State University (Stephenville, TX)* (Scranton, PA)* Temple University (Philadelphia, PA)* Massachusetts College of Art and Design (Boston, MA) Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi (Corpus Christi, TX)* Mayville State University (Mayville, ND) Texas Tech University (Lubbock, TX)* Miami University-Oxford (Oxford, OH)* Thompson Rivers University (Kamloops, BC) Minneapolis College of Art and Design (Minneapolis, MN) Trinity Western University (Langley, BC) Minnesota State University Moorhead (Moorhead, MN)* Air Force Academy (USAF Academy, CO) Missouri Western State University (Saint Joseph, MO)* United States Merchant Marine Academy (Kings Point, NY) Nazareth College (Rochester, NY)* United States Naval Academy (Annapolis, MD) (Aston, PA) Université de Sherbrooke (Sherbrooke, QC) North Dakota State University (Fargo, ND) University of Alabama, The (Tuscaloosa, AL)* Northwest Missouri State University (Maryville, MO)* University of Arkansas (Fayetteville, AR)* Oakland University (Rochester Hills, MI) University of Central Florida (Orlando, FL) Ohio State University at Newark, The (Newark, OH)* University of Central Missouri (Warrensburg, MO) Ohio Wesleyan University (Delaware, OH)* University of Colorado Denver (Denver, CO)* Otterbein University (Westerville, OH) University of Dubuque (Dubuque, IA) Pacific Lutheran University (Tacoma, WA) University of Evansville (Evansville, IN) Pepperdine University (Malibu, CA) University of Hartford (West Hartford, CT)* Pittsburg State University (Pittsburg, KS) University of Hawai‘i-West O‘ahu (Kapolei, HI) Point Loma Nazarene University (San Diego, CA) University of Idaho (Moscow, ID) Prairie View A&M University (Prairie View, TX) University of Illinois Springfield (Springfield, IL) Presbyterian College (Clinton, SC) University of Indianapolis (Indianapolis, IN) Presentation College (Aberdeen, SD) University of Kentucky (Lexington, KY) Queen's University (Kingston, ON) University of La Verne (La Verne, CA)* (Radford, VA) University of Lynchburg (Lynchburg, VA) Randolph-Macon College (Ashland, VA) University of Mary (Bismarck, ND) Rider University (Lawrenceville, NJ)* University of Missouri (Columbia, MO)*

*2019 participant 4 • NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT Inclusiv & Cult Div (N=207), continued University of Missouri-Kansas City (Kansas City, MO)* University of Nebraska at Lincoln (Lincoln, NE)* University of New Brunswick (Fredericton, NB) University of North Carolina Wilmington (Wilmington, NC)* University of Pittsburgh-Bradford (Bradford, PA) University of Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown, PE) University of Richmond (University of Richmond, VA) University of South Dakota (Vermillion, SD) University of Southern Maine (Portland, ME) University of the Incarnate Word (San Antonio, TX)* University of the South, The (Sewanee, TN) University of the Virgin Islands (Charlotte Amalie, VI) University of Utah (Salt Lake City, UT) University of Washington Tacoma (Tacoma, WA)* University of -Green Bay (Green Bay, WI) University of Wisconsin-Whitewater (Whitewater, WI) University of Wyoming (Laramie, WY) Utah Valley University (Orem, UT) Valley City State University (Valley City, ND)* Valparaiso University (Valparaiso, IN) Vancouver Island University (Nanaimo, BC) Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, VA) Viterbo University (La Crosse, WI) Washington & Jefferson College (Washington, PA)* Washington College (Chestertown, MD)* Wesleyan College, Macon, Georgia (Macon, GA)* Wheaton College (Wheaton, IL)* Wheaton College (Norton, MA) Whitman College (Walla Walla, WA) William Jewell College (Liberty, MO) Wisconsin Lutheran College (Milwaukee, WI)*

*2019 participant NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT • 5 NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Frequencies and Statistical Comparisons California State University, Sacramento

First-Year Students Frequency Distributionsa Statistical Comparisonsb Inclusiv & Cult Sacramento Sacramento State DivState Inclusiv & Cult Div

Variable Effect c d Item wording or description name Values Response options Count % Count % Mean Mean size 1. During the current school year, how much has your coursework emphasized the following? a. Developing the skills necessary to ICD01a 1 Very little 26 12 6,682 13 work effectively with people from 2 Some 83 35 18,350 34 various backgrounds 3 Quite a bit 88 38 20,012 36 2.5 2.6 -.05 4 Very much 35 15 10,026 18 Total 232 100 55,070 100 b.Recognizing your own cultural ICD01b 1 Very little 30 13 6,654 13 norms and biases 2 Some 75 32 16,917 31 3 Quite a bit 88 37 20,731 37 2.6 2.6 -.03 4 Very much 42 18 10,785 19 Total 235 100 55,087 100 c.Sharing your own perspectives and ICD01c 1 Very little 13 6 3,787 7 experiences 2 Some 66 28 15,065 28 3 Quite a bit 102 44 23,526 42 2.8 2.8 .04 4 Very much 53 22 12,678 22 Total 234 100 55,056 100 d.Exploring your own background ICD01d 1 Very little 33 15 9,635 18 through projects, assignments, or 2 Some 77 33 17,968 33 programs 3 Quite a bit 81 34 17,961 32 2.6 2.5 .09 4 Very much 44 18 9,473 17 Total 235 100 55,037 100 e.Learning about other cultures ICD01e 1 Very little 19 9 7,780 15 2 Some 81 35 18,565 34 3 Quite a bit 81 34 18,348 33 2.7 2.5 * .16 4 Very much 53 22 10,364 18 △ Total 234 100 55,057 100 f. Discussing issues of equity or ICD01f 1 Very little 30 13 9,002 17 privilege 2 Some 78 35 17,574 33 3 Quite a bit 77 31 17,832 32 2.6 2.5 .09 4 Very much 49 21 10,638 18 Total 234 100 55,046 100 g.Respecting the expression of ICD01g 1 Very little 12 5 4,507 9 diverse ideas 2 Some 56 25 14,863 28 3 Quite a bit 100 42 21,992 40 2.9 2.8 * .16 4 Very much 66 28 13,743 24 △ Total 234 100 55,105 100 2. How much does your institution emphasize the following? a. Demonstrating a commitment to ICD02a 1 Very little 10 4 3,064 6 diversity 2 Some 54 24 13,494 25 3 Quite a bit 93 39 22,325 41 3.0 2.9 .09 4 Very much 77 33 16,159 29 Total 234 100 55,042 100 b.Providing students with the ICD02b 1 Very little 11 5 3,540 7 resources needed for success in a 2 Some 49 21 15,124 28 multicultural world 3 Quite a bit 98 42 22,238 40 3.0 2.8 ** .19 4 Very much 75 32 14,082 25 △ Total 233 100 54,984 100

*p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 (2-tailed); Refer to the endnotes page for the key to triangle symbols. 6 • NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Frequencies and Statistical Comparisons California State University, Sacramento

First-Year Students Frequency Distributionsa Statistical Comparisonsb Inclusiv & Cult Sacramento Sacramento State DivState Inclusiv & Cult Div

Variable Effect c d Item wording or description name Values Response options Count % Count % Mean Mean size c. Creating an overall sense of ICD02c 1 Very little 10 5 2,769 5 community among students 2 Some 47 20 12,348 23 3 Quite a bit 100 44 22,846 41 3.0 3.0 .07 4 Very much 76 32 17,017 30 Total 233 100 54,980 100 d.Ensuring that you are not ICD02d 1 Very little 9 4 3,050 6 stigmatized because of your 2 Some 41 18 11,771 22 identity (racial/ethnic, gender, 3 Quite a bit 98 43 22,179 40 religious, sexual oreintation, etc.) 3.1 3.0 * .13 4 Very much 83 36 17,993 32 △ Total 231 100 54,993 100 e. Providing information about ICD02e 1 Very little 12 5 3,405 6 anti‐discrimination and harassment 2 Some 43 18 12,841 24 policies 3 Quite a bit 96 42 21,835 40 3.1 2.9 * .15 4 Very much 81 35 16,829 30 △ Total 232 100 54,910 100 f. Taking allegations of ICD02f 1 Very little 12 5 2,807 5 discrimination or harassment 2 Some 34 14 11,157 20 seriously 3 Quite a bit 98 42 21,852 40 3.1 3.0 .11 4 Very much 88 38 19,069 35 Total 232 100 54,885 100 g.Helping students develop the skills ICD02g 1 Very little 18 8 4,791 9 to confront discrimination and 2 Some 50 22 15,304 28 harassment 3 Quite a bit 93 40 20,611 38 2.9 2.8 .13 4 Very much 70 30 14,182 26 Total 231 100 54,888 100

3. How much does your institution provide a supportive environment for the following forms of diversity? a.Racial/ethnic identity ICD03a 1 Very little 1 1 1,968 4 2 Some 32 14 11,230 21 3 Quite a bit 109 47 22,407 41 3.2 3.1 ** .20 4 Very much 89 38 19,316 35 △ Total 231 100 54,921 100 b. Gender identity ICD03b 1 Very little 2 1 2,497 5 2 Some 38 16 11,225 21 3 Quite a bit 99 43 21,532 40 3.2 3.0 ** .19 4 Very much 92 39 19,622 35 △ Total 231 100 54,876 100 c. Economic background ICD03c 1 Very little 1 1 4,494 8 2 Some 54 24 15,486 28 3 Quite a bit 94 40 20,078 37 3.1 2.8 *** .29 4 Very much 83 35 14,773 27 △ Total 232 100 54,831 100 d. Political affiliation ICD03d 1 Very little 19 9 6,276 12 2 Some 72 32 17,936 33 3 Quite a bit 76 32 18,686 34 2.7 2.7 .10 4 Very much 64 26 11,948 22 Total 231 100 54,846 100

*p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 (2-tailed); Refer to the endnotes page for the key to triangle symbols. NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT • 7 NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Frequencies and Statistical Comparisons California State University, Sacramento

First-Year Students Frequency Distributionsa Statistical Comparisonsb Inclusiv & Cult Sacramento Sacramento State DivState Inclusiv & Cult Div

Variable Effect c d Item wording or description name Values Response options Count % Count % Mean Mean size e. Religious affiliation ICD03e 1 Very little 8 4 3,857 7 2 Some 64 30 14,563 27 3 Quite a bit 92 39 20,739 38 2.9 2.9 .04 4 Very much 66 28 15,679 28 Total 230 100 54,838 100 f.Sexual orientation ICD03f 1 Very little 7 4 3,085 6 2 Some 44 20 11,944 22 3 Quite a bit 90 38 20,802 38 3.1 3.0 .12 4 Very much 88 38 19,000 34 Total 229 100 54,831 100 g.Disability status ICD03g 1 Very little 10 5 4,061 7 2 Some 45 19 13,316 24 3 Quite a bit 88 38 20,404 37 3.1 2.9 ** .20 4 Very much 89 39 17,126 31 △ Total 232 100 54,907 100

4. During the current school year, about how often have you done the following? a. Attended events, activities, or ICD04a_20 1 Never 86 39 13,352 25 presentations that reflect an 2 Sometimes 85 37 22,047 40 appreciation for diverse groups of 3 Often 44 17 13,193 24 people 1.9 2.2 *** -.32 4 Very often 17 6 6,252 11 ▼ Total 232 100 54,844 100 b. Participated in the activities of ICD04b_20 1 Never 144 64 25,634 48 centers related to specific groups 2 Sometimes 59 25 16,692 29 (racial-ethnic, cultural, religious, 3 Often 18 7 8,100 14 gender, LGBT, etc.) 1.5 1.8 *** -.34 4 Very often 10 4 4,362 8 ▼ Total 231 100 54,788 100 c. Participated in a diversity-related ICD04c_20 1 Never 160 69 31,539 58 club or organization 2 Sometimes 44 19 12,581 22 3 Often 16 7 6,730 12 1.5 1.7 *** -.22 4 Very often 12 5 3,773 7 ▽ Total 232 100 54,623 100 d. Participated in a demonstration for ICD04d_20 1 Never 188 82 38,646 71 a diversity-related cause (rally, 2 Sometimes 26 12 9,320 17 protest, etc.) 3 Often 13 5 4,497 8 1.3 1.4 *** -.22 4 Very often 6 2 2,168 4 ▽ Total 233 100 54,631 100 e. Reflected on your cultural identity ICD04e_20 1 Never 83 37 16,012 30 2 Sometimes 79 34 20,593 37 3 Often 40 17 11,643 21 2.0 2.1 -.10 4 Very often 30 12 6,527 12 Total 232 100 54,775 100

*p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 (2-tailed); Refer to the endnotes page for the key to triangle symbols. 8 • NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Frequencies and Statistical Comparisons California State University, Sacramento

Seniors Frequency Distributionsa Statistical Comparisonsb Inclusiv & Cult Sacramento Sacramento State DivState Inclusiv & Cult Div

Variable Effect c d Item wording or description name Values Response options Count % Count % Mean Mean size 1. During the current school year, how much has your coursework emphasized the following? a. Developing the skills necessary to ICD01a 1 Very little 24 7 6,912 11 work effectively with people from 2 Some 76 20 17,663 28 various backgrounds 3 Quite a bit 137 39 22,885 35 3.0 2.8 *** .24 4 Very much 132 34 17,089 26 △ Total 369 100 64,549 100 b. Recognizing your own cultural ICD01b 1 Very little 34 10 8,673 15 norms and biases 2 Some 86 25 16,902 27 3 Quite a bit 120 34 22,136 33 2.9 2.7 *** .18 4 Very much 126 32 16,815 25 △ Total 366 100 64,526 100 c. Sharing your own perspectives and ICD01c 1 Very little 27 8 5,153 9 experiences 2 Some 74 21 15,054 24 3 Quite a bit 138 37 25,355 39 3.0 2.9 .10 4 Very much 130 33 18,969 28 Total 369 100 64,531 100 d.Exploring your own background ICD01d 1 Very little 54 15 11,571 19 through projects, assignments, or 2 Some 83 23 17,986 28 programs 3 Quite a bit 136 37 20,027 30 2.7 2.6 ** .14 4 Very much 95 25 14,931 23 △ Total 368 100 64,515 100 e. Learning about other cultures ICD01e 1 Very little 34 10 10,375 17 2 Some 91 25 19,358 30 3 Quite a bit 142 39 19,513 29 2.8 2.6 *** .21 4 Very much 101 26 15,263 23 △ Total 368 100 64,509 100 f. Discussing issues of equity or ICD01f 1 Very little 41 13 12,126 21 privilege 2 Some 87 24 17,725 28 3 Quite a bit 122 34 18,595 28 2.8 2.5 *** .23 4 Very much 117 29 16,034 24 △ Total 367 100 64,480 100 g. Respecting the expression of ICD01g 1 Very little 26 7 6,601 11 diverse ideas 2 Some 66 19 15,133 24 3 Quite a bit 143 39 23,353 36 3.0 2.8 *** .18 4 Very much 133 34 19,471 29 △ Total 368 100 64,558 100 2. How much does your institution emphasize the following? a. Demonstrating a commitment to ICD02a 1 Very little 10 3 4,449 7 diversity 2 Some 58 16 15,816 25 3 Quite a bit 130 35 24,280 38 3.2 2.9 *** .34 4 Very much 169 45 19,910 30 ▲ Total 367 100 64,455 100 b. Providing students with the ICD02b 1 Very little 14 4 5,580 9 resources needed for success in a 2 Some 76 20 19,184 30 multicultural world 3 Quite a bit 130 37 23,464 36 3.1 2.8 *** .35 4 Very much 147 39 16,179 25 ▲ Total 367 100 64,407 100

*p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 (2-tailed); Refer to the endnotes page for the key to triangle symbols. NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT • 9 NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Frequencies and Statistical Comparisons California State University, Sacramento

Seniors Frequency Distributionsa Statistical Comparisonsb Inclusiv & Cult Sacramento Sacramento State DivState Inclusiv & Cult Div

Variable Effect c d Item wording or description name Values Response options Count % Count % Mean Mean size c. Creating an overall sense of ICD02c 1 Very little 20 6 4,982 8 community among students 2 Some 87 23 16,659 26 3 Quite a bit 129 36 24,580 38 3.0 2.9 ** .16 4 Very much 133 35 18,174 28 △ Total 369 100 64,395 100 d. Ensuring that you are not ICD02d 1 Very little 21 6 5,163 8 stigmatized because of your 2 Some 62 17 15,766 25 identity (racial/ethnic, gender, 3 Quite a bit 131 36 24,078 37 religious, sexual oreintation, etc.) 3.1 2.9 *** .24 4 Very much 151 40 19,352 30 △ Total 365 100 64,359 100 e. Providing information about ICD02e 1 Very little 20 6 5,433 9 anti‐discrimination and harassment 2 Some 66 18 16,557 26 policies 3 Quite a bit 132 37 23,658 36 3.1 2.9 *** .26 4 Very much 149 40 18,711 29 △ Total 367 100 64,359 100 f. Taking allegations of ICD02f 1 Very little 16 5 5,745 9 discrimination or harassment 2 Some 71 19 15,037 23 seriously 3 Quite a bit 123 35 23,131 36 3.1 2.9 *** .23 4 Very much 155 41 20,324 32 △ Total 365 100 64,237 100 g. Helping students develop the skills ICD02g 1 Very little 32 10 8,640 14 to confront discrimination and 2 Some 85 23 19,689 30 harassment 3 Quite a bit 130 35 20,776 32 2.9 2.7 *** .25 4 Very much 119 32 15,133 24 △ Total 366 100 64,238 100

3. How much does your institution provide a supportive environment for the following forms of diversity? a. Racial/ethnic identity ICD03a 1 Very little 10 4 3,679 6 2 Some 55 15 16,159 25 3 Quite a bit 135 38 24,511 38 3.2 2.9 *** .29 4 Very much 162 43 19,896 31 △ Total 362 100 64,245 100 b. Gender identity ICD03b 1 Very little 5 2 4,306 7 2 Some 54 16 15,874 25 3 Quite a bit 143 39 23,884 37 3.2 2.9 *** .34 4 Very much 161 43 20,106 31 ▲ Total 363 100 64,170 100 c. Economic background ICD03c 1 Very little 17 5 7,535 12 2 Some 80 24 19,876 31 3 Quite a bit 140 38 21,088 33 3.0 2.7 *** .30 4 Very much 127 34 15,691 25 ▲ Total 364 100 64,190 100 d. Political affiliation ICD03d 1 Very little 40 11 9,688 15 2 Some 112 32 22,468 35 3 Quite a bit 118 33 19,545 30 2.7 2.5 ** .16 4 Very much 91 24 12,468 20 △ Total 361 100 64,169 100

*p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 (2-tailed); Refer to the endnotes page for the key to triangle symbols. 10 • NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Frequencies and Statistical Comparisons California State University, Sacramento

Seniors Frequency Distributionsa Statistical Comparisonsb Inclusiv & Cult Sacramento Sacramento State DivState Inclusiv & Cult Div

Variable Effect c d Item wording or description name Values Response options Count % Count % Mean Mean size e. Religious affiliation ICD03e 1 Very little 34 10 6,563 10 2 Some 94 27 19,807 31 3 Quite a bit 128 35 22,051 34 2.8 2.7 .09 4 Very much 106 28 15,749 25 Total 362 100 64,170 100 f.Sexual orientation ICD03f 1 Very little 8 3 4,768 8 2 Some 63 17 16,642 26 3 Quite a bit 143 40 23,315 36 3.2 2.9 *** .31 4 Very much 147 40 19,450 30 ▲ Total 361 100 64,175 100 g. Disability status ICD03g 1 Very little 18 5 6,182 10 2 Some 70 20 17,223 27 3 Quite a bit 141 39 22,405 35 3.1 2.8 *** .23 4 Very much 133 36 18,429 29 △ Total 362 100 64,239 100

4. During the current school year, about how often have you done the following? a. Attended events, activities, or ICD04a_20 1 Never 133 38 19,642 32 presentations that reflect an 2 Sometimes 141 38 25,051 38 appreciation for diverse groups of 3 Often 60 17 12,821 19 people 2.0 2.1 * -.13 4 Very often 31 8 6,718 10 ▽ Total 365 100 64,232 100 b. Participated in the activities of ICD04b_20 1 Never 205 57 31,391 51 centers related to specific groups 2 Sometimes 93 25 19,436 29 (racial-ethnic, cultural, religious, 3 Often 35 10 8,260 12 gender, LGBT, etc.) 1.7 1.8 -.09 4 Very often 31 8 5,078 8 Total 364 100 64,165 100 c.Participated in a diversity-related ICD04c_20 1 Never 236 65 37,593 60 club or organization 2 Sometimes 58 17 14,470 22 3 Often 40 11 6,978 11 1.6 1.7 -.04 4 Very often 30 8 4,962 7 Total 364 100 64,003 100 d.Participated in a demonstration for ICD04d_20 1 Never 266 73 44,646 71 a diversity-related cause (rally, 2 Sometimes 53 14 11,584 17 protest, etc.) 3 Often 26 7 4,849 7 1.4 1.5 -.02 4 Very often 18 5 2,875 4 Total 363 100 63,954 100 e.Reflected on your cultural identity ICD04e_20 1 Never 96 27 16,816 28 2 Sometimes 114 31 22,919 35 3 Often 79 22 14,441 22 2.3 2.2 .10 4 Very often 76 20 10,016 15 Total 365 100 64,192 100

*p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 (2-tailed); Refer to the endnotes page for the key to triangle symbols. NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT • 11 NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Detailed Statisticse California State University, Sacramento

First-Year Students Standard Effect h i d N Mean Standard errorf deviationg DF Sig. size Variable Comparisons with: name Sacramento State Sacramento State Inclusiv & Cult Div Sacramento State Inclusiv & Cult Div Sacramento State Inclusiv & Cult Div Inclusiv & Cult Div ICD01a 231 2.55 2.59 .058 .007 0.89 0.92 16,421 .491 -.05 ICD01b 234 2.59 2.62 .061 .007 0.93 0.93 16,429 .665 -.03 ICD01c 233 2.82 2.79 .055 .007 0.84 0.87 16,418 .532 .04 ICD01d 234 2.56 2.47 .062 .008 0.95 0.97 16,415 .177 .09 ICD01e 233 2.70 2.55 .060 .007 0.91 0.95 16,418 .015 .16 ICD01f 233 2.60 2.51 .063 .008 0.96 0.98 16,415 .163 .09 ICD01g 233 2.93 2.79 .056 .007 0.86 0.91 240 .014 .16 ICD02a 233 3.01 2.93 .057 .007 0.87 0.87 16,411 .163 .09 ICD02b 232 3.00 2.84 .056 .007 0.86 0.88 238 .004 .19 ICD02c 232 3.03 2.96 .055 .007 0.84 0.87 16,390 .272 .07 ICD02d 229 3.10 2.98 .055 .007 0.83 0.88 16,395 .047 .13 ICD02e 231 3.07 2.94 .056 .007 0.85 0.89 16,367 .027 .15 ICD02f 231 3.13 3.04 .056 .007 0.85 0.87 16,361 .100 .11 ICD02g 230 2.92 2.80 .060 .007 0.92 0.92 16,362 .053 .13 ICD03a 229 3.23 3.07 .047 .007 0.70 0.83 16,371 .003 .20 ICD03b 230 3.21 3.04 .049 .007 0.74 0.86 16,359 .004 .19 ICD03c 231 3.09 2.82 .051 .007 0.78 0.92 239 .000 .29 ICD03d 230 2.75 2.66 .063 .007 0.95 0.94 16,351 .140 .10 ICD03e 229 2.90 2.87 .056 .007 0.85 0.91 16,346 .592 .04 ICD03f 227 3.11 3.00 .056 .007 0.85 0.89 16,339 .070 .12 ICD03g 231 3.11 2.92 .057 .007 0.87 0.92 16,370 .002 .20 ICD04a_20 231 1.91 2.21 .059 .007 0.90 0.95 16,351 .000 -.32 ICD04b_20 230 1.50 1.82 .051 .008 0.78 0.95 239 .000 -.34 ICD04c_20 231 1.47 1.67 .054 .007 0.82 0.94 239 .000 -.22 ICD04d_20 232 1.28 1.45 .043 .006 0.65 0.81 241 .000 -.22 ICD04e_20 230 2.04 2.14 .067 .008 1.01 0.98 16,334 .143 -.10

See the endnotes on the last page of this report.

12 • NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Detailed Statisticse California State University, Sacramento

Seniors Standard Effect h i d N Mean Standard errorf deviationg DF Sig. size Variable Comparisons with: name Sacramento State Sacramento State Inclusiv & Cult Div Sacramento State Inclusiv & Cult Div Sacramento State Inclusiv & Cult Div Inclusiv & Cult Div ICD01a 369 2.98 2.75 .048 .006 0.92 0.97 378 .000 .24 ICD01b 365 2.88 2.69 .051 .006 0.97 1.01 374 .000 .18 ICD01c 370 2.96 2.87 .048 .005 0.93 0.93 30,604 .057 .10 ICD01d 369 2.71 2.56 .052 .006 1.00 1.04 378 .006 .14 ICD01e 369 2.80 2.58 .049 .006 0.94 1.02 379 .000 .21 ICD01f 368 2.79 2.55 .052 .006 1.00 1.07 377 .000 .23 ICD01g 369 3.00 2.83 .047 .006 0.91 0.98 379 .000 .18 ICD02a 368 3.22 2.91 .044 .005 0.84 0.92 30,568 .000 .34 ICD02b 368 3.09 2.77 .045 .005 0.87 0.92 377 .000 .35 ICD02c 370 3.00 2.85 .047 .005 0.91 0.92 30,534 .003 .16 ICD02d 365 3.11 2.88 .047 .005 0.91 0.93 30,508 .000 .24 ICD02e 367 3.10 2.86 .047 .005 0.90 0.94 30,517 .000 .26 ICD02f 364 3.12 2.91 .046 .005 0.89 0.95 30,452 .000 .23 ICD02g 365 2.90 2.66 .050 .006 0.96 0.99 374 .000 .25 ICD03a 362 3.20 2.94 .044 .005 0.83 0.89 30,442 .000 .29 ICD03b 362 3.23 2.92 .041 .005 0.78 0.91 373 .000 .34 ICD03c 364 3.00 2.71 .046 .006 0.88 0.97 373 .000 .30 ICD03d 360 2.70 2.54 .051 .006 0.96 0.97 30,412 .002 .16 ICD03e 361 2.82 2.73 .050 .005 0.96 0.95 30,408 .090 .09 ICD03f 359 3.17 2.88 .043 .005 0.81 0.93 369 .000 .31 ICD03g 362 3.05 2.83 .046 .006 0.88 0.95 371 .000 .23 ICD04a_20 365 1.95 2.07 .049 .006 0.93 0.96 30,445 .016 -.13 ICD04b_20 363 1.69 1.77 .049 .005 0.94 0.94 30,406 .101 -.09 ICD04c_20 364 1.61 1.65 .050 .005 0.96 0.94 30,329 .440 -.04 ICD04d_20 362 1.43 1.45 .043 .005 0.82 0.81 30,306 .694 -.02 ICD04e_20 365 2.34 2.24 .057 .006 1.08 1.02 371 .079 .10

See the endnotes on the last page of this report. NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT • 13 NSSE 2020 Inclusiveness & Engagement with Diversity Endnotes California State University, Sacramento

Endnotes a. Column percentages are weighted by institution-reported sex and enrollment status (and institution size for comparison groups). Percentages may not sum to 100 due to rounding. Counts are unweighted; column percentages cannot be replicated from counts. b. All statistics are weighted by institution-reported sex and enrollment status (and institution size for comparison groups). Unless otherwise noted, statistical comparisons are two-tailed independent t -tests. Items with categorical response sets are left blank. c. These are the values used to calculate means. For the majority of items, these values match the codes in the data file and codebook. d. Effect size for independent t- tests uses Cohen's d ; z- tests use Cohen's h . e. Statistics are weighted by institution-reported sex and enrollment status (and institution size for comparison groups). Categorical items are not listed. f. The 95% confidence interval for the population mean is equal to the sample mean plus or minus 1.96 times the standard error of the mean. g. A measure of the amount individual scores deviate from the mean of all the scores in the distribution. h. Degrees of freedom used to compute the t -tests. Values differ from Ns due to weighting and whether equal variances were assumed. i. Statistical comparisons are two-tailed independent t -tests or z -tests. Statistical significance represents the probability that the difference between your students' mean and that of the students in the comparison group is due to chance. j. Statistical comparison uses z- test to compare the proportion who responded (depending on the item) "Done or in progress" or "Yes" with all who responded otherwise. k. Mean represents the proportion who responded (depending on the item) “Done or in progress” or "Yes."

Key to symbols: ▲ Your students’ average was significantly higher (p < .05) with an effect size at least .3 in magnitude. △ Your students’ average was significantly higher (p < .05) with an effect size less than .3 in magnitude. ▽ Your students’ average was significantly lower (p < .05) with an effect size less than .3 in magnitude. ▼ Your students’ average was significantly lower (p < .05) with an effect size at least .3 in magnitude. Note: It is important to interpret the direction of differences relative to item wording and your institutional context.

14 • NSSE 2020 TOPICAL MODULE REPORT