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Wyoming Plant and Animal Species of Concern November 2003

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Wyoming Plant and Animal Species of Concern November 2003 Wyoming Plant and Animal Species of Concern November 2003 CONTENTS Introduction ................................. 1 Changes from Previous Lists ......... 1 Codes and Definitions ................... 2 Plants Lists ...............................P-1 Species of Concern (P-1); Potential Concern (P-30); Dropped (P-33); Uncertain (P-33) Animal Lists...............................A-1 Birds (A-1); Fish (A-6); Amphibians (A-8); Reptiles (A-9); Mammals (A- 10); Potential Concern (A-13); Dropped (A-20) Douglas Keinath, Zoologist Survey Forms ............. Inside Covers Bonnie Heidel, Botanist Gary Beauvais, Director Wyoming Natural Diversity Database (WYNDD) University of Wyoming Department 3381 // 1000 E. University Avenue Laramie, Wyoming 82071 PHONE: 307 766-3023 FAX: 307 766-3026 EMAIL: [email protected] HOMEPAGE: www.uwyo.edu/WYNDD INTRODUCTION similar ranking procedure was employed in the 2002 Interest in rare species has increased substantially plant list (Fertig and Heidel 2002) with minor revisions in over the past 40 years, and currently there is broad this 2003 application. support for the conservation of rare plants and animals The enclosed animal and plant lists introduce the in North America. Natural resource managers, policy Wyoming Contribution Rank, which provides more makers, and the public require an understanding precise information on how Wyoming populations of a of the identity, distribution, and abundance of rare given taxon contribute to the rangewide persistence of species in order to develop effective conservation that taxon. Details of this ranking system are in strategies. Such information is especially vital to Keinath and Beauvais (2003) and Fertig and Heidel management plans that strive to integrate the (2003). conservation of rare species with development of natural The list format has been changed to provide readers resources. with more species-specific information while still This publication provides the most complete maintaining a concise layout. For each species we information available on the status of rare vertebrate have included information on range context, abundance, species and vascular plant species in Wyoming. It vulnerability, and other factors that contribute to the updates and replaces previous lists (Fertig and status ranks. We also provide a more complete listing Beauvais 1999, Fertig and Heidel 2002), and of species’ statuses as determined by other documents 473 plants and 125 vertebrates of organizations. For example, we now denote which conservation and management concern in Wyoming. species have been recently petitioned for listing under For each species, a summary of factors used in the Endangered Species Act. weighing species’ status including distribution, Both the plant and animal lists are organized into a abundance, trends, and intrinsic vulnerability, is also series of sub-lists: provided. The Wyoming Natural Diversity Database (WYNDD) Species of Concern: These are taxa that WYNDD at the University of Wyoming serves as the information has determined to be of conservation concern within the clearinghouse on species of concern in Wyoming. state of Wyoming. These taxa exhibit a combination of Professional biologists at WYNDD conduct primary field biological factors that predispose them to decline or research, literature reviews, and information summaries potential extirpation from the state. Many of these taxa to maintain a comprehensive database of information on are also given special statuses by federal and state rare plants and animals. Readers are encouraged to agencies. help in this effort and improve this list by submitting data on rare species to WYNDD. Rare species Species of Potential Concern: These are taxa for observation forms are included in this publication, and which there is some evidence suggesting a moderate are also posted at [www.uwyo.edu/wyndd]. degree conservation concern, including species that are locally common but occupy a restricted range that is vulnerable to landscape changes. For animals, this list This document, supporting information, and staff also includes species for which basic biological contacts are available at: www.uwyo.edu/wyndd information is anecdotal, incomplete, or otherwise All parties are encouraged to contact WYNDD with lacking in the detail needed for a reliable assessment comments, new data, or requests for the most and ranking. Also, some animals on this list may also current status information. have taxonomic questions yet to be resolved. WYNDD often collects data opportunistically for species of potential concern, but focuses most of its efforts on CHANGES FROM PREVIOUS LISTS species of known concern. The ranks, statuses, and known distributions of rare species are dynamic due to ongoing research and re- Species of Uncertain Status: These are plant taxa examination of existing data. Differences in these that may warrant conservation attention but for which items relative to previous lists reflect WYNDD’s ongoing there are substantial questions regarding taxonomy, efforts to maintain comprehensive and current identification, or continued occurrence in the state. information. New species added since 1999 (animals) or 2002 (plants), and any changes in ranks, counties, Dropped: These taxa appeared on previous Species of or managed areas, are indicated in bold. Brackets Concern or Species of Potential Concern Lists, but enclosing species names indicate recent synonyms. have been dropped from this 2003 version. Taxa are The animal portion of this list represents a major usually dropped when new data or re-examination of improvement over previous versions. It employs a more older data indicates a lessening in their degree of systematic and replicable ranking procedure, which is conservation concern. explained in detail in Keinath and Beauvais (2003). A Keinath, D., B. Heidel and G.P. Beauvais. 2003. Wyoming Plant and Animal Species of Concern. Prepared by WYNDD, Laramie, WY. 1 CODES AND DEFINITIONS Z = Rank not applicable: indicates that a migratory Heritage Rank: WYNDD uses a standardized ranking species is essentially absent or unrankable for system originally developed by The Nature Conservancy the season in question (used with “B” or “N”); and its network of natural heritage programs (now applied only to animals coordinated by NatureServe [Arlington, Virginia]) to Q = Questions exist regarding the taxonomic indicate the probability of extinction, at both the global validity of a species, subspecies, or variety and state scales, of each plant and animal taxon. The ? = Questions exist regarding the assigned following letters denote the spatial scale at which a numeric score taxon’s status is scored : Wyoming Contribution Rank: WYNDD has G = Global rank: refers to the range-wide probability developed a ranking system that indicates the of extinction for a species contribution of WY populations of a taxon to the T = Trinomial rank: refers to the range-wide rangewide persistence of that taxon. probability of extinction for a subspecies or variety Very High = WY populations contribute greatly to S = State rank: refers to probability of extinction the taxon’s rangewide persistence. Typically from WY for a given taxon applies to native, resident taxa with small continental ranges that are centered on WY These letters are each followed by a numeric, 1-5 score: High = In combination with populations in adjacent states, WY populations contribute substantially to 1 = Critically imperiled because of extreme rarity the taxon’s rangewide persistence. Typically (often <5 extant occurrences) or because some applies to native, resident taxa that are more factor makes it highly vulnerable to extinction secure in WY than elsewhere and have a moderate 2 = Imperiled because of rarity (often 6-20 extant proportion of their continental range in WY occurrences) or because of factors making it vulnerable to extinction Medium = WY populations contribute to the taxon’s 3 = Rare or local throughout its range or found rangewide persistence, but are apparently no more locally in a restricted range (often 21-100 critical than populations in other states. Typically known occurrences) applies to native, resident taxa that are as secure 4 = Apparently secure, although it may be quite in WY as elsewhere and have a moderate rare in parts of its range, especially at the proportion of their continental range in WY periphery 5 = Demonstrably secure, although it may be rare Low = WY populations contribute minimally to the in parts of its range, especially at the periphery taxon’s rangewide persistence. Typically applies to taxa that are more prevalent and secure in other Some taxa receive non-numeric scores, indicating states, and occur only intermittently or peripherally special situations: in WY H = Known only from historical records (typically Federal Status: pre-1970; varies by taxon) US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS): The A = Accidental or vagrant: taxon appears irregularly Endangered Species Act of 1973 directs the USFWS to and infrequently; typically applied only to identify and protect rare plants and animals. The animals following categories are currently used to rank listed X = Believed to be extinct and candidate species. The candidate system was U = Uncertain status: taxon possibly in peril but revised in 1996, eliminating the old categories of C2 and more information is needed 3C. Some taxa may also receive rank modifiers, indicating Endangered: In danger of extinction. For plants this other special situations: applies to all of a taxon’s range; for
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