DOCSLIB.ORG

American Journal of ORTHODONTICS Skeletal and Dental Changes Following Functional Regulator Therapy on Class II Patients

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
American Journal of ORTHODONTICS Skeletal and Dental Changes Following Functional Regulator Therapy on Class II Patients American Journal of ORTHODONTICS Founded in 1915 Volume 88 Number 2 August, 1985 Copyright 0 1985 by The C. V. Mosby Company ORIGINAL ARTICLES Skeletal and dental changes following functional regulator therapy on Class II patients , James A. McNamara, Jr., D.D.S., Ph.D.,* Fred L. Bookstein, Ph.D.,** and Timothy G. Shaughnessy, D.D.S.*** Ann Arbor, Mich., and Chapel Hill, N.C. Craniofacial growth in 100 patients treated with the functional regulator of Frankel for about 24 months was compared with craniofacial growth seen in a matched group of untreated persons with Class II malocclusion. Both conventional and geometric cephalometric analyses were used to evaluate the skeletal and dental adaptations. This study shows several clear effects of treatment in either of two age ranges considered. The principal skeletal effect was advancement of the mandible along the direction of the facial axis. This advancement resulted in increases in mandibular length and in vertical facial dimensions. There was little effect of treatment upon maxillary skeletal structures with the exception of point A, which moved slightly posteriorly. Dentoalveolar adaptations due to treatment included a decrease in the normal forward movement of the upper molar and an increase in the normal vertical movement of the lower molar. There was a 2-mm posterior movement of the tip of the upper incisor but minimal anterior tipping of the lower incisor. Key words: Frinkel appliance, cephalometrics, growth, treatment effect 0 ne appliance used for correcting a Class II of the appliance restrain the musculature and remove malocclusion is the functional regulator of FrHnkel.‘-’ restricting forces from the dentition. There is little doubt Unlike most other types of functional appliance, this that this appliance can be used to bring about a cor- appliance uses the buccal vestibule as its base of op- rection of the Class II condition, but considerable un- eration. The vestibular shields and the lower labial pads certainty exists about the mechanism of this correction. Whether or not the Frlnkel appliance alters craniofacial skeletal form in particular is a matter of some contro- This research was supported in part by United States Public Health Service versy. Grants DE-03610 and DE-05410. *Rofessor of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Professor of Dentistry (Orthodontics), and Research Scientist, Center for Human Growth and Development, The LITERATURE REVIEW University of Michigan. In this review of previous studies, we will examine **Research Scientist, Center for Human Growth and Development, and Pro- gram in Developmental and Reproductive Biology, The University of Michigan. the treatment effect reported for various types of ortho- ***Resident, Department of Orthodontics, University of North Carolina. dontic therapy. A treatment effect will be considered 91 92 McNamuru, Bookstein, and Shaughnessy the difference between the growth that one observes in Treatment effect on mandibular dentition treated cases and the growth that one expects over the A Class II malocclusion may also be corrected by same period in the absence of treatment, as observed the mesial migration of the lower dentition. While in an appropriately matched untreated sample. Janson reports that this process is a principal effect of the bionator, Schulhof and Engelz5 come to the op- Treatment effects on maxillary growth posite conclusion about the bionator, although they no- The application of heavy extraoral force to the max- tice a mesial movement of the mandibular molars during illary complex restricts the development of maxillary activator treatment. structures; it may also cause posterior movement of Schulhof and Enge125indicate that Frlnkel treatment these structures.8-‘0 The combination of extraoral trac- involves additional mesial movement of the lower molar tion with an activator type of appliance can produce over what is expected during normal growth. Creek- similar effects. 11,12Activator therapy alone also can re- more and Radney’” and Righellis*’ report significant strict maxillary development. D’* However, there is little additional vertical movement of the lower molars in literature concerning the effect of the functional regu- Frankel samples. lator, and that which exists is contradictory. For ex- There seems to be agreement about the effect of ample, Creekmore and Radney” note reduced forward Frankel therapy on lower incisor position; the incisors growth of the maxilla in patients treated with the Frln- are proclined as compared to those of untreated con- kel appliance, while Righellis,*’ Robertson,*’ and trols, 1Y.21.25 2’) Bookstein’* report that there is no appreciable treatment effect on the position of the maxilla. Treatment effect on mandibular growth What is the effect of functional appliance therapy Treatment effects on maxillary dentition on mandibular growth? Some researchers’X~2h~3”state Tooth movement (or, in some cases, inhibition of that activators do not produce any alterations in man- tooth movement) also can be an important factor in the dibular form beyond that which would have occurred correction of a Class II malocclusion. For example, the without treatment. However, others3’*32note a signifi- posterior movement of the upper posterior teeth follow- cantly higher rate of mandibular growth in patients ing the interarch mechanics of Wilson and Wilson*’ treated with activators than in untreated patients. Many may correct a Class II molar relationship. Pancherz24 researchers’3,‘3-“6believe or hint that mandibular growth reports that more than 40% of the correction achieved can be affected by activator treatment. with the banded Herbst appliance can be attributed to Until recently, few studies have examined whether posterior repositioning of the upper posterior teeth. Har- the functional regulator of FrPnkel can cause an increase vold and Vargervik’” state that a Class II molar rela- in mandibular growth that would not have occurred tionship may be corrected by inhibiting the downward without treatment. Frankel and Reiss3’ and Righellis*’ migration of the maxillary teeth while permitting erup- find that mandibular growth can be increased during tion of the mandibular teeth. Frankel therapy, but Schulhof and Engel,” Creekmore Schulhof and Engel*’ note that in activator cases the and Radney, I’) and Robertson” have been unable to upper molar was restricted in its downward and forward detect any increase. movement but observed little difference in upper molar movement between persons treated with the Frankel Treatment effect on lower facial height appliance and normal persons. In contrast, Creekmore Schulhof and Enge125note no significant change in and Radney” note that the maxillary molars in their the facial axis angle with either the activator or the FrHnkel sample moved forward significantly less than bionator, but they do report an increase in the facial those of their untreated control sample. Righellis*’ notes axis angle in patients treated with the FrPnkel appliance. no statistically significant retardation of upper molar This indicates a larger increase in lower anterior facial eruption in patients treated with either the Frankel ap- height than in posterior facial height. Franke14 also re- pliance or the activator, although both groups showed ports an increase in the vertical dimension of the lower a little less vertical eruption than did the untreated con- face after functional regulator treatment, while Rig- trols. On the other hand, Bjijrk,26 Softley,*’ and hellis”’ reports no change in comparison to untreated Freunthaller16 claim that the activator affects the den- controls. Bookstein’* finds that the treatment effect on toalveolar areas in many cases. facial form involves considerable increase in both an- Schulhof and Engel,*’ Creekmore and Radney,” and terior and posterior facial height, together with some Robertson*’ note retroclination of the upper incisors shrinking of growth anteroposteriorly; the combination during the course of FrHnkel treatment. of these effects leaves corpus length unaltered. Volume 88 Skeletal and dental changes following functional regulator therapy 93 Number 2 Critique of, for example, mandibular length or facial height. These contradictions among clinical studies of func- The articles also vary in their authors’ ideas of what tional regulator therapy must be interpreted in the light constitutes a measure of change. For instance, Schulhof of many factors. and Engelz5 compute mean ratios of linear changes of Nature of the treated sample. Schulhof and Engel” separate measures; this is an unacceptable statistical used 37 cases; Creekmore and Radney” used only 11 maneuver, because the variance of ratios with small, of these same cases for their Class II Frankel sample. noisy denominators, such as change scores of slowly The other 26 cases were eliminated because they were changing measures, is extremely high. Class I, lacked skeletal growth or had unreadable ceph- The present study attempts to correct these endemic alograms . In fact, small sample sizes seem to have been flaws as much as possible. The cases analyzed in this characteristic of most Frankel studies. Gianelly and study represent a sample of patients all treated with a co-workers3’ used 10 cases, Robertsot?’ used 12, reasonably consistent orthodontic technique. The basis Righellis” used 16, and Adams*’ used 19. Frankel and for assessment of treatment effect is a fairly well- Reiss37 used 64 cases in their study. matched group of untreated controls. The sample is Previous publications
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Retrospective Cephalometric Study of the Effect of the Frankel Appliance, the Clarktwin Block and the Activator on Class II Di
    Y \'?'t\'<{"[ A RETROSPECTIVE CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY OF THE EFFECT oF THE rnÄNrnt-, APPLTANcE, THE CLARI( T\MIN BLOCK AND THE ACTIVATOR ON CLASS II DIVISION 1 PATIENTS ***l* A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment for the Degree of Master of Dental Surgery by Con Laparidis Dental School Faculty of Health Sciences University Of Adelaide South Australia 1999 Tnsre or CoNrexts 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 List of Tables............. 5 List of Figures .......... 9 Summary T3 I AIMS t6 2. LITERATURE REVIEV/.............. t7 2. 1 Introduction......... t7 2.2 Summary of adolescent growth changes 18 2.3 Comparison between "normals" and Class II patterns '. 26 2.4 Functional appliance effects.... 27 2.5 Conclusion......... 68 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS .... 69 3.1 Selection of sample........ 69 3.2 Radiography 72 3.3 Tracing technique 74 3.4 Superimposition technique...... 75 3.5 Computerised cephalometrics and digitising 78 3.6 Reference points. 79 3.7 Thevariables 82 3.8 Statistical analyses.............. 84 3.9 Errors of the method............. 87 4. RESULTS 90 4.1 The error study 90 4.2 Pre-freatment ages and treatment times......... 96 4.3 Sex comparisons of pre-treatment hard and soft tissue variables ..........97 4.4 Sex comparisons of post-treatnent hard and soft tissue variables....... 104 4.5 Hard and soft tissue treatment changes for the activator, the Clark Twin Block and the Fråinkel .... TABLE OF CONTENTS J 4.6 Sex comparisons in treatrnent changes..... '..'.. 118 4.7 Comparison of different appliances: two'way analysis of variance .. 118 4.8 Comparison of different applainces: one-way analysis of variance ...12t 4.9 Comparison to published controls....
    [Show full text]
  • Growing the Mandible? Impossible, Right?
    special | REPORT Figure 1. Mandibular growth has been the subject of much conjecture in the orthodontic community, but is the real answer just too hard to swallow? Growing the mandible? Impossible, right? By Rohan Wijey, BOralH (DentSci), Grad.Dip.Dent (Griffith), OM ince the 2007 Cochrane treatment with braces tends to be more Review on Class II cor- retractive of the maxilla. Nonetheless, Don’t we need rection,1 the prevailing both approaches will result in reduction of to retract in some cases? catch-cry has been that “you overjet and ANB angle. A slightly better can’t grow mandibles”. The cephalometric measurement would be lass II cases can comprise either a fallacy of this blithe extrap- the facial angle (angle between Frankfort Cretrognathic mandible, prognathic olation lies in the fact that horizontal plane and Nasion to Pogonion), maxilla, or both. However, Mcnamara Sthe main criteria used in the comparison to determine the final position of the man- found as early as 1981 in his publication of early and late Class II correction was dible relative to the cranial base. Components of Class II malocclusion in measurement of overjet (mm) and ANB As the dental community continues to children 8-10 years of age, that less than angle (the cephalometric relationship of realise that their precious teeth are actually 4% of his Class II patients displayed a the maxilla to the mandible). In no way do attached to a head and a body, everyone prognathic maxilla and this figure would these measurements accurately compare has suddenly become more airway-con- be even less if we apply modern standards the differences in mandibular “growth” scious.
    [Show full text]
  • Magnetic Forces in Orthodontics
    COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS THESIS This thesis must be used in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Reproduction of material protected by copyright may be an infringement of copyright and copyright owners may be entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. Section 51 (2) of the Copyright Act permits an authorized officer of a university library or archives to provide a copy (by communication or otherwise) of an unpublished thesis kept in the library or archives, to a person who satisfies the authorized officer that he or she requires the reproduction for the purposes of research or study. The Copyright Act grants the creator of a work a number of moral rights, specifically the right of attribution, the right against false attribution and the right of integrity. You may infringe the author’s moral rights if you: - fail to acknowledge the author of this thesis if you quote sections from the work - attribute this thesis to another author - subject this thesis to derogatory treatment which may prejudice the author’s reputation For further information contact the University’s Copyright Service. sydney.edu.au/copyright MAGNETIC FORCES IN ORTHODONTICS ANGIE C. PHELAN BDSc (Hons I) A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Clinical Dentistry – Orthodontics Discipline of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Sydney Australia 2010 1 DEDICATIONS To my family and Lachy, Thanks for your support and patience. I could not have made it without your help. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to thank the people who have helped me complete this project: Professor M.
    [Show full text]
  • Bionator Di Balters and Frankel in the Treatment of Class II Malocclusions: a Literature Review
    Article ID: WMC005581 ISSN 2046-1690 Bionator di Balters and Frankel in the treatment of class II malocclusions: a literature review Peer review status: No Corresponding Author: Dr. Chiara Vompi, Doctor in dentistry , Sapienza university of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Via Caserta 6 , 00161 - Italy Submitting Author: Dr. Chiara Vompi, Doctor in dentistry , Sapienza university of Rome, Via Caserta 6 , 00161 - Italy Other Authors: Mrs. Linda Da Mommio, Student of Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences - Italy Dr. Cinzia Carreri, Doctor in Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences - Italy Dr. Francesca Germano, Doctor in Dentistry , Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences - Italy Mrs. Ludovica Musone, Student of Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences - Italy Article ID: WMC005581 Article Type: Systematic Review Submitted on:12-Jun-2019, 03:08:07 PM GMT Published on: 27-Jun-2019, 12:03:58 PM GMT Article URL: http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/5581 Subject Categories:ORTHODONTICS Keywords:Frankel II, bionator II, functional appliance, dentoskeletal effects, dentoalveolar effects, class II How to cite the article:Da Mommio L, Vompi C, Carreri C, Germano F, Musone L. Bionator di Balters and Frankel in the treatment of class II malocclusions: a literature review. WebmedCentral ORTHODONTICS 2019;10(6):WMC005581 Copyright: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License(CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
    [Show full text]
  • The Frankel Appliance Part I
    Loading “JCO Interviews Dr. James McNamara, Jr., on the Frankel Appli…Appliance Design - JCO-ONLINE.COM - Journal of Clinical Orthodontics” 5/20/09 10:29 PM JCO-Online Copyright 2009 JCO Interviews Dr. James McNamara, Jr., on the Frankel Appliance, Part 1: Biological Basis and Appliance Design VOLUME 16 : NUMBER 05 : PAGES (320-337) 1982 EUGENE L. GOTTLIEB, DDS DR. JAMES MCNAMARA DR. GOTTLIEB Jim, give us a little background on how you became involved with the Frankel Appliance. DR. MCNAMARA After graduation from the University of California orthodontic program in 1968, I came to Michigan for a Ph.D. in anatomy. I sent a copy of my Ph.D. thesis on functional protrusion experiments in monkeys to a number of people whom I knew were interested in formand function. Tom Graber suggested that Professor Rolf Frankel might be interested in myexperimental work. Several months later, Professor Frankel wrote to me stating that he felt that I had shown experimentally what he had been doing clinically for about 15 years. Frankel was interested in the fact that the musculature was being monitored in my experiments, as well as the skeletal and dental aspects. In 1973, I went to the Third International Orthodontic Congress in England, and Frankel was on the program. He cited me twice in his presentation, and we began a professional and personal friendship which has endured to this day. I had a chance to thoroughly discuss Frankel therapy during his visit to the United States in 1974, and shortly thereafter I started using his approach in treating a few patients.
    [Show full text]
  • Arch Expansion Predictability Using Invisalign®
    Arch expansion predictability using Invisalign® By Dr. Jean-Philippe Houle A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (Orthodontics) Department of Preventative Dental Science College of Dentistry Division of Orthodontics University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba Copyright© 2015 by Dr. Jean-Philippe Houle 1 Arch expansion predictability using Invisalign® Abstract OBJECTIVES: To investigate the predictability of transverse changes with Invisalign®. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-four adult Caucasians patients were selected to be part of this retrospective study. Pre and post-treatment digital models created from an iTero® scan were obtained from a single orthodontist practitioner. Digital models from Clincheck® were also obtained from Align Technology® to measure the prediction models. Linear values of upper and lower arch widths were measured for canines, premolars and first molars. A paired t test was used to compare transverse changes planned on Clincheck® with the post-treatment measurements. Variance ratio tests were used to determine if larger changes planned were correlated with larger errors RESULTS: For every maxillary measurement, there was a statistically significant difference between Clincheck® and final outcome. (P < .05) For every lower arch measurement at the gingival margin, there was a statistically significant difference between the Clincheck® planned expansion and the final outcome. (P < .05) Points measured
    [Show full text]
  • Case Report Myofunctional Treatment of Anterior Crossbite in a Growing Patient
    Hindawi Case Reports in Dentistry Volume 2020, Article ID 8899184, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8899184 Case Report Myofunctional Treatment of Anterior Crossbite in a Growing Patient Marianna Pellegrino ,1 Maria Laura Cuzzocrea,2 Walter Rao,2 Gioacchino Pellegrino,1 and Sergio Paduano3 1Independent Researcher, Caserta, Italy 2Independent Researcher, Pavia, Italy 3University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy Correspondence should be addressed to Marianna Pellegrino; [email protected] Received 26 June 2020; Revised 26 August 2020; Accepted 22 September 2020; Published 8 October 2020 Academic Editor: Tatiana Pereira-Cenci Copyright © 2020 Marianna Pellegrino et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The purpose of this case report is to add another means of treatment for the anterior crossbite malocclusion in early mixed dentition. The selected functional device is an eruption guidance appliance (EGA). The analysed patient had a functional anterior crossbite, a mandibular protrusion tendency, and a normodivergent growth pattern. The early treatment was suggested to correct the malocclusion and avoid unfavourable occlusal conditions that could end in a class III malocclusion growth pattern. After 18 months of treatment, with night-time use, the malocclusion was completely resolved. This therapy strategy allowed the correction of the sagittal jaws’ relationship and maximum control of the vertical dimension. After 2 years of follow- up, the results were preserved. The peculiarity of this kind of intraoral orthodontic tools is the use of the erupting forces rather than the active forces.
    [Show full text]
  • 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 9(03), 561-580
    ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 9(03), 561-580 Journal Homepage: -www.journalijar.com Article DOI:10.21474/IJAR01/12616 DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/12616 RESEARCH ARTICLE REMOVABLE MYOFUNCTIONAL APPLIANCES : AN OVERVIEW Dr. Aiswarya Madhu1, Dr. Shipra Jaidka2, Dr. Rani Somani3, Dr. Deepti Jawa2, Dr. Hridya V.G1, Dr. Muhamed Sabin A.P1, Dr. Arwah Bashir1, Dr. Layeeque Ahmad1 and Dr. Payel Basu1 1. Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DivyaJyoti College of dental Science and Research. 2. Professor, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DivyaJyoti College of Dental Science and Research. 3. Professor and Head, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DivyaJyoti College of Dental Science and Research. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Manuscript Info Abstract ……………………. ……………………………………………………………… Manuscript History Conventional orthodontic appliances use mechanical forces to modify Received: 20 January 2021 the position of tooth/ teeth into a more favorable position. However, the Final Accepted: 24 February 2021 scope of these fixed appliances are greatly restricted by certain Published: March 2021 morphological conditions which are caused due to deviations in the developmental process or the neuromuscular capsule surrounding the Key words:- Functional Appliance, Activator, orofacial skeleton. To overcome this drawback, myofunctional Bionator, Twin Block, Frankel appliances came into being. These appliances are considered to be Appliance primarily orthopedic tools to guide the facial skeleton of the growing child. The distinctiveness of these appliances lies in the fact that instead of applying active forces,they transmit, eliminate and guide the natural forces like, muscle activity, growth, tooth eruption, to eliminate the morphological abnormalities and try to generate conditions for the harmonious development of the stomatognathic system.
    [Show full text]
  • Removable Functional Appliances
    Asian Journal of Dental Research Volume I, Issue II Removable Functional Appliances Shalki Alawadhi1, S. M. Bapat2, Preeti Bhardwaj3 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics1,2,3, BDS, Post Graduate Student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics1 M.D.S, Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics2 M.D.S, Reader, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics3 K. D. Dental College and Hospital, Mathura, India1,2,3 [email protected] Abstract: Malocclusion Functional appliances or myofunctional appliances are referred to appliances that depend upon the oro facial musculature for their action. These appliances transmit, eliminate or guide the natural forces of the musculature and are used to alter the mandibular position in the Sagittal, Vertical and Transverse plane resulting in Orthopedic and Orthodontic change. They are designed to alter the activity of various muscle groups that influence the function and position of the mandible in order to transmit forces to the dentition and the basal bone. Functional appliances are given in the management of skeletal class II malocclusion and Class III malocclusion in growing children. They are also called “GROWTH MODIFYING APPLIANCES” and “INTERCEPTIVE APPLIANCES. They are used for growth modification procedures that are aimed at intercepting and treat in jaw discrepancies by increase or decrease in jaw size, change in spatial relationship of the jaws, change in direction of growth of the jaws and acceleration of desirable growth. A new pattern of function dictated by the appliance leads to development of corresponding new morphologic pattern. The new morphologic pattern includes a different arrangement of the teeth within the jaws, an improvement of the occlusion and an altered relation of jaws.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Skeletal and Dental Changes in Class II Patients Treated with Frankel Appliance
    Article ID: WMC005551 ISSN 2046-1690 Evaluation of skeletal and dental changes in Class II patients treated with Frankel appliance. Peer review status: No Corresponding Author: Dr. Diana Jamshir, Doctor in dentistry, La Sapienza University - Italy Submitting Author: Dr. Diana Jamshir, Doctor in dentistry, La Sapienza University - Italy Other Authors: Dr. Anazoly Chudan Poma, Doctor in dentistry, La Sapienza University - Italy Dr. Leda Valentini, Doctor in dentistry, La Sapienza University - Italy Dr. Roberta Scarola, Doctor in dentistry, University of Bari - Italy Dr. Emanuele Fantasia, Doctor in dentistry, La Sapienza University - Italy Mr. Enrico Pompeo, student in dentistry, La Sapienza University - Italy Article ID: WMC005551 Article Type: Review articles Submitted on:17-Feb-2019, 08:38:46 PM GMT Published on: 19-Feb-2019, 07:20:56 AM GMT Article URL: http://www.webmedcentral.com/article_view/5551 Subject Categories:ORTHODONTICS Keywords:Frankel 2 - functional therapy- Class II malocclusions - skeletal growth- dentoalveolar structures. How to cite the article:Jamshir D, Chudan Poma A, Valentini L, Scarola R, Fantasia E, Pompeo E. Evaluation of skeletal and dental changes in Class II patients treated with Frankel appliance.. WebmedCentral ORTHODONTICS 2019;10(2):WMC005551 Copyright: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License(CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Source(s) of Funding: pubmed database WebmedCentral > Review articles Page 1 of 4 WMC005551 Downloaded from http://www.webmedcentral.com on 19-Feb-2019, 07:20:56 AM Evaluation of skeletal and dental changes in Class II patients treated with Frankel appliance.
    [Show full text]
  • E-FKG0013.Pdf
    Modern Pediatric Dentistry Modern Pediatric Dentistry Vinay Kumar Srivastava Professor and Head Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Saraswati Dental College Lucknow, UP, India Foreword Anil Kohli ® JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P) LTD New Delhi • St Louis • Panama City • London Published by Jitendar P Vij Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd Corporate Office 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110 002, India Phone: +91-11-43574357, Fax: +91-11-43574314 Registered Office B-3, EMCA House, 23/23B Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110 002, India Phones: +91-11-23272143, +91-11-23272703, +91-11-23282021, +91-11-23245672 Rel: +91-11-32558559, Fax: +91-11-23276490, +91-11-23245683 e-mail: [email protected], Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com Offices in India • Ahmedabad, Phone: Rel: +91-79-32988717, e-mail: [email protected] • Bengaluru, Phone: Rel: +91-80-32714073, e-mail: [email protected] • Chennai, Phone: Rel: +91-44-32972089, e-mail: [email protected] • Hyderabad, Phone: Rel:+91-40-32940929, e-mail: [email protected] • Kochi, Phone: +91-484-2395740, e-mail: [email protected] • Kolkata, Phone: +91-33-22276415, e-mail: [email protected] • Lucknow, Phone: +91-522-3040554, e-mail: [email protected] • Mumbai, Phone: Rel: +91-22-32926896, e-mail: [email protected] • Nagpur, Phone: Rel: +91-712-3245220, e-mail: [email protected] Overseas Offices • North America Office, USA, Ph: 001-636-6279734 e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] • Central America Office, Panama City, Panama, Ph: 001-507-317-0160 e-mail: [email protected], Website: www.jphmedical.com • Europe Office, UK, Ph: +44 (0) 2031708910 e-mail: [email protected] Modern Pediatric Dentistry © 2011, Vinay Kumar Srivastava All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Interception of Skeletal Class 3 Malocclusion with Frankle 3 Appliance in Late Mixed Dentition a Case Report
    Interception of Skeletal Class 3 Malocclusion …… U. B. Rajasekaran, et al. Interception of Skeletal Class 3 Malocclusion with Frankle 3 Appliance in Late Mixed Dentition A Case Report U. B. Rajasekaran,* Khalled Abdulla,** Abstract: Class III malocclusion can be classified as dentoalveolar, skeletal or functional, which will determine the prognosis. The aim of this article was to describe and discuss a clinical case with skeletal Class III malocclusion treated with frankle 3 appliance and fixed mechanotherapy and followed up for two years. Introduction: Skeletal class III malocclusion is a growth Following the confirmation of a Class III related problem either could be due to malocclusion through the cephalometric retrognathic maxilla or prognathic mandible or analysis, clinical differential diagnosis was a combination of both.1 The optimal treatment accomplished by verifying the occlusion time for skeletal class III due to retrognathic pattern at either the intercuspal position (IP) or maxilla and normal mandible is early mixed at the centric relation (CR). The patient dentition as anterior crossbite due to showed no functional shifting of the mandible. retrognathic maxilla will further restrict the This clinical and cephalometric findings maxillary growth.2,3 There are various confirmed a skeletal Class III malocclusion appliances in peadodontic and orthodontic due to the maxillary retrognathism. literature described for treating skeletal class III malocclusion.3-6 In our case we opted for The patient was at a late mixed dentition stage, frankle 3 in place of all other appliances with almost 40 percent of growth left as because patient demanded a removable confirmed from hand and wrist radiographs, so intraoral appliance.
    [Show full text]