Virtual Worlds FINAL for Website
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Invisible Labor, Invisible Play: Online Gold Farming and the Boundary Between Jobs and Games
Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law Volume 18 Issue 3 Issue 3 - Spring 2016 Article 2 2015 Invisible Labor, Invisible Play: Online Gold Farming and the Boundary Between Jobs and Games Julian Dibbell Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/jetlaw Part of the Internet Law Commons, and the Labor and Employment Law Commons Recommended Citation Julian Dibbell, Invisible Labor, Invisible Play: Online Gold Farming and the Boundary Between Jobs and Games, 18 Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment and Technology Law 419 (2021) Available at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/jetlaw/vol18/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law by an authorized editor of Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VANDERBILT JOURNAL OF ENTERTAINMENT & TECHNOLOGY LAW VOLUME 18 SPRING 2016 NUMBER 3 Invisible Labor, Invisible Play: Online Gold Farming and the Boundary Between Jobs and Games Julian Dibbell ABSTRACT When does work become play and play become work? Courts have considered the question in a variety of economic contexts, from student athletes seeking recognition as employees to professional blackjack players seeking to be treated by casinos just like casual players. Here, this question is applied to a relatively novel context: that of online gold farming, a gray-market industry in which wage-earning workers, largely based in China, are paid to play fantasy massively multiplayer online games (MMOs) that reward them with virtual items that their employers sell for profit to the same games' casual players. -
The Play's the Thing: a Theory of Taxing Virtual Worlds, 59 Hastings L.J
Hastings Law Journal Volume 59 | Issue 1 Article 1 1-2007 The lP ay's the Thing: A Theory of Taxing Virtual Worlds Bryan T. Camp Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_law_journal Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Bryan T. Camp, The Play's the Thing: A Theory of Taxing Virtual Worlds, 59 Hastings L.J. 1 (2007). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_law_journal/vol59/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hastings Law Journal by an authorized editor of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Articles The Play's the Thing: A Theory of Taxing Virtual Worlds BRYAN T. CAMP* INTRODU CTION .............................................................................................. 2 I. THE VIRTUAL WORLDS OF MASSIVELY MULTIPLAYER ONLINE ROLE- PLAYING GAMES (MMORPGs) ...................................................... 3 A. STRUCTURED AND UNSTRUCTURED MMORPGs .......................... 4 i. Structured Gam es ....................................................................... 4 2. UnstructuredGam es .................................................................. 7 B. INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES ................................................... 8 i. In- World Transactions (IWT)................................................... 9 2. Real Money Trades (RMT)..................................................... -
Social Networking and Digital Gaming Media Convergence: Classification and Its Consequences for Appropriation
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Salford Institutional Repository Social Networking and Digital Gaming Media Convergence: Classification and its Consequences for Appropriation Marie Griffiths, PhD and Ben Light, PhD IS, Organisations and Society Research Centre University of Salford, Maxwell Building, Salford, M5 4WT. United Kingdom. Contact Author: Professor Ben Light IS, Organisations and Society Research Centre University of Salford, Maxwell Building, Salford, M5 4WT. United Kingdom. Tel. +44 161 295 5443 Email. [email protected] Suggested running title: Social Networking and Digital Gaming Convergence Biographies Marie Griffiths moved from the IT industry into academia and is now based at the University of Salford as an EPSRC Academic Fellow. She has, and continues to research gender and ICTs. Recently she has embarked upon the study "Cybercitizens and their Virtual Pursuits" to understand the consequence of growing up and living in a technologically saturated environment. Her work has been published in journals such as Gender, Work and Organization, the European Journal of Information Systems and Information Communication and Society. Ben Light is Professor of Technology and Society at the University of Salford. His research concerns the appropriation of configurable technologies within work, organisations and society. This has led him to explore the use of large-scale enterprise resource planning packages, call centre technologies, social networking sites and digital games. He has published in journals such as Communications of the ACM, Information Systems Journal, New Technology, Work and Employment, the European Journal of Information Systems and the Journal of Information Technology. -
Childhood Comes but Once National Strategy to Combat Violence and Sexual Abuse Against Children and Youth (2014–2017)
Strategy Childhood comes but once National strategy to combat violence and sexual abuse against children and youth (2014–2017) Strategy Childhood comes but once National strategy to combat violence and sexual abuse against children and youth (2014–2017) 4 FOREWORD As a society, Norway has come a long way in its efforts to protect children and adolescents from violence, sexual abuse and bullying. The progress we have achieved is attributable to policy decisions, legislation, increased knowledge, public discussion, media attention and the work of professionals, parents and children themselves. We do not permit parents to harm their children, and we express collective grief and alarm when we hear of children exposed to serious abuse. To the vast majority of parents in Norway, nothing is more important than the well-being of children. All the same, violence and sexual abuse, whether in the family or elsewhere, are a part of daily life for many children. Extensive research shows how consequential violence may be, whether it is directed at a parent or the child itself, and whether it takes the form of direct physical violence, sexual abuse or bullying. Violence can lead to extensive cognitive, social, psychological and physical problems in both the short and long term. Violence against children and adolescents is a public health challenge. The approach to violence and sexual abuse against children in Norwegian society must be one of zero tolerance. We want safety and security for all children, enabling them to enjoy good health and a good quality of life as they grow. Taboos must be broken. -
Nas, Affirmative Action (Feat
Nas, Affirmative Action (feat. AZ, Foxy Brown, and Cormega (The Firm)) [Intro: AZ] This is what... this what they want huh? This is what it's all about.. What? Time to take Affirmative Action son They just don't understand, youknowImean? Niggaz comin sideways thinkin stuff is sweet man Yknahmean? Niggaz don't understand the four devils: Lust.. Envy.. Hate.. Jealousy Wicked niggaz man [AZ the Visualiza] Yo, sit back relax catchin contacts, sip your cog-nac And let's all wash this money through this laundry mat Sneak attack, a new cat sit back, worth top dollar In fact, touch mines, and I'll react like a Rottweiler Who pull the late, we play for high stakes at gunpoint Catch em and break, undress em tie em with tape, no escape The Corleone, fettucini Capone Roam in your own zone or get kidnapped and clapped in your dome We got it sewn, The Firm art of war is unknown Lower your tone, face it, homicide cases get blown Aristocrats, politickin daily with diplomats See me I'm an official mack, Lex Coupe triple black [Cormega] Criminal thoughts in the blue Porsche, my destiny's to be the new boss That nigga Paulie gotta die - he too soft That nigga's dead on, a key of her-oin, they found his head on the couch with his dick in his mouth, I put the hit out Yo, the smoothest killer since Bugsy, bitches love me And Queens where my drugs be, I wear Guess jeans and rugbies Yo my people from Medina they will see you when you re-up on your heater all your cream go betweeen us Real shit, my Desert Eagle got a ill grip I chill with, niggaz that hit Dominican -
Protecting Children in Virtual Worlds Without Undermining Their Economic, Educational, and Social Benefits
Protecting Children in Virtual Worlds Without Undermining Their Economic, Educational, and Social Benefits Robert Bloomfield* Benjamin Duranske** Abstract Advances in virtual world technology pose risks for the safety and welfare of children. Those advances also alter the interpretations of key terms in applicable laws. For example, in the Miller test for obscenity, virtual worlds constitute places, rather than "works," and may even constitute local communities from which standards are drawn. Additionally, technological advances promise to make virtual worlds places of such significant social benefit that regulators must take care to protect them, even as they protect children who engage with them. Table of Contents I. Introduction ................................................................................ 1177 II. Developing Features of Virtual Worlds ...................................... 1178 A. Realism in Physical and Visual Modeling. .......................... 1179 B. User-Generated Content ...................................................... 1180 C. Social Interaction ................................................................. 1180 D. Environmental Integration ................................................... 1181 E. Physical Integration ............................................................. 1182 F. Economic Integration ........................................................... 1183 * Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University. This Article had its roots in Robert Bloomfield’s presentation at -
Cyber-Synchronicity: the Concurrence of the Virtual
Cyber-Synchronicity: The Concurrence of the Virtual and the Material via Text-Based Virtual Reality A dissertation presented to the faculty of the Scripps College of Communication of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Jeffrey S. Smith March 2010 © 2010 Jeffrey S. Smith. All Rights Reserved. This dissertation titled Cyber-Synchronicity: The Concurrence of the Virtual and the Material Via Text-Based Virtual Reality by JEFFREY S. SMITH has been approved for the School of Media Arts and Studies and the Scripps College of Communication by Joseph W. Slade III Professor of Media Arts and Studies Gregory J. Shepherd Dean, Scripps College of Communication ii ABSTRACT SMITH, JEFFREY S., Ph.D., March 2010, Mass Communication Cyber-Synchronicity: The Concurrence of the Virtual and the Material Via Text-Based Virtual Reality (384 pp.) Director of Dissertation: Joseph W. Slade III This dissertation investigates the experiences of participants in a text-based virtual reality known as a Multi-User Domain, or MUD. Through in-depth electronic interviews, staff members and players of Aurealan Realms MUD were queried regarding the impact of their participation in the MUD on their perceived sense of self, community, and culture. Second, the interviews were subjected to a qualitative thematic analysis through which the nature of the participant’s phenomenological lived experience is explored with a specific eye toward any significant over or interconnection between each participant’s virtual and material experiences. An extended analysis of the experiences of respondents, combined with supporting material from other academic investigators, provides a map with which to chart the synchronous and synonymous relationship between a participant’s perceived sense of material identity, community, and culture, and her perceived sense of virtual identity, community, and culture. -
1 ENTER the GHOST Cashless Payments in the Early Modern Low
ENTER THE GHOST Cashless payments in the Early Modern Low Countries, 1500-18001 Oscar Gelderbloma and Joost Jonkera, b Abstract We analyze the evolution of payments in the Low Countries during the period 1500-1800 to argue for the historical importance of money of account or ghost money. Aided by the adoption of new bookkeeping practices such as ledgers with current accounts, this convention spread throughout the entire area from the 14th century onwards. Ghost money eliminated most of the problems associated with paying cash by enabling people to settle transactions in a fictional currency accepted by everyone. As a result two functions of money, standard of value and means of settlement, penetrated easily, leaving the third one, store of wealth, to whatever gold and silver coins available. When merchants used ghost money to record credit granted to counterparts, they in effect created a form of money which in modern terms might count as M1. Since this happened on a very large scale, we should reconsider our notions about the volume of money in circulation during the Early Modern Era. 1 a Utrecht University, b University of Amsterdam. The research for this paper was made possible by generous fellowships at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Studies (NIAS) in Wassenaar. The Meertens Institute and Hester Dibbits kindly allowed us to use their probate inventory database, which Heidi Deneweth’s incomparable efforts reorganized so we could analyze the data. We thank participants at seminars in Utrecht and at the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, and at the Silver in World History conference, VU Amsterdam, December 2014, for their valuable suggestions. -
Terra Nova: Enacting Videogame Development Through Indigenous-Led Creation and Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Of
Terra Nova: Enacting Videogame Development through Indigenous-Led Creation Maize Longboat A Research Creation Thesis in The Department of Communication Studies Presented in Partial fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (Media Studies) at Concordia University Tiohtiá:ke/Montréal, Quebec, Canada August 2019 © Maize Longboat, 2019 CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY School of Graduate Studies This is to certify that the thesis prepared By: Maize Longboat Entitled: Terra Nova: Enacting Videogame Development through Indigenous-Led Creation and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Media Studies) complies with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the final examining committee: ______________________________________ Chair Dr. Monika Gagnon ______________________________________ Examiner Dr. Elizabeth Miller ______________________________________ Examiner Dr. Elizabeth LaPensée ______________________________________ Supervisor Dr. Mia Consalvo _______________________________________ Professor Jason Edward Lewis Approved by ____________________________________________________ Dr. Charles Acland Chair of Department or Graduate Program Director Faculty of Arts and Science Dr. André G. Roy Dean Date ________________________________________________August 21, 2019 Abstract Terra Nova: Enacting Videogame Development through Indigenous-Led Creation Maize Longboat Indigenous peoples have had a rich tradition -
Speed Enforcement – Web Text
Speed Enforcement – Web text Speed Enforcement Please refer to this document as: SafetyNet (2009) Speed Enforcement, retrieved <add date of retrieval here> Project co-financed by the European Commission, Directorate-General Transport and Energy 16/10/2009 Page 1 Speed Enforcement – Web text Speed Enforcement................................................................................................................3 1. General introduction to traffic law enforcement ...........................................................4 1.1 Police enforcement as part of a systems approach .............................................4 1.2 From laws and policy, to increased enforcement, to social benefits ...................4 1.3 General deterrence vs. specific deterrence.........................................................5 1.4 Targeted enforcement.........................................................................................6 2. Speed enforcement ....................................................................................................6 2.1 Speed enforcement as part of a speed management policy................................6 2.2 Speed enforcement in relation to other road safety measures.............................7 2.3 General characteristics of effective speed enforcement ......................................7 2.4 Public support for speed enforcement.................................................................7 3. Speed enforcement techniques and their effectiveness ..............................................8 -
Transcription, Client Name, Event Date, EV000XXXXX
Transcription, Solvay 29.07.2020 Results Overview Operator Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Solvay Q2 2020 Results Conference Call for analysts and investors. Solvay team, the floor is yours. Jodi Allen Good afternoon and welcome to our second quarter 2020 earnings call. My name is Jodi Allen, Head of Investor Relations, and I'm joined virtually by our CEO, Ilham Kadri, and our CFO, Karim Hajjar. Today's call is being recorded and will be made available for replay on the investor relations section of our website. I would like to remind all participants that the presentation includes forward-looking statements which are subject to risk and uncertainties. You may refer to the slides related to today's broadcast which are available on our website. With that, I'll turn the call over to Ilham. Ilham Kadri Thank you, Jodi, and hello everyone. I hope you and your family are staying healthy during this continuing challenging time. At Solvay, health, safety and security of employees remain our number one priority. We continue to have 10,000 employees, or 42% of our human capital working in a virtual capacity, and we will take a cautious and progressive approach to the confinement over the coming month. The recent spike in COVID cases in certain parts of the world have increased our numbers slightly. Today, we have 40 colleagues who are infected with COVID-19 and 176 employees in quarantine. We wish our colleagues a quick and complete recovery and we will continue to take a disciplined approach to managing the safety of our employees. -
KNOWLEDGE MAP of the VIRTUAL ECONOMY Knowledge Map of the Virtual Economy
+ CONNECT SERIES KNOWLEDGE KNOWLEDGE MAP MAP OF THE VIRTUAL ECONOMY OF THE VIRTUAL CONVERTING THE VIRTUAL ECONOMY INTO ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL THE WORLD BANK www.infoDev.org www.infoDev.org converting the virtuAl economy into Development potentiAl KNOWLEDGE MAP OF THE VIRTUAL ECONOMY An infoDev publicAtion written by: Dr. Vili Lehdonvirta & Dr. Mirko Ernkvist April 2011 Information for Development Program www.infoDev.org ©2011 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: [email protected] All rights reserved The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are entirely those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of infoDev, the Donors of infoDev, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank and its affiliated organizations, the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank cannot guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply on the part of the World Bank any judgment of the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. rights and permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly.