Census, - of India, 1951 - . I D ISTRICT CEN-S ·US I HANDBOOK. .· ~~t UTTAR PRADESH CtS)Sp '_ I 2~ALLAHABAD. - DISTRICT , I • '. ALLAHABAD:. NT-rNnJtNT, PiuNTIl'G AND S TATIONERY, U;I::rAR PRAD]';sI1, I NOlA :115.42 1 9 55 r, 1951 DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK 1951 ALLAHABAD DISTRICT FOREWORD Several States. including Uttar Pradesh, have been publishing village statistics by districts at each eetlSus. In 1941 they were published in U. :p. under the title "District Census Statistics" with a separate volume for each district. In the 19S1 census, when the tabulation has been more elaborate than ever in view of the require, ments of the country, the district-wise volume has been expanded into a "District Census Handbook", which now contains the District Census Tables (furnishing data with break ... up for census tracts within the district), the District Index of Non, agricultural Occupations, agricultural statistics from 1901 ... 02 to 19,5°"'51 and other miscellaneous statistics in addition to the usual village populatioll statistics. The village population statistics also are given in an elaborate form giving the divisioh of the population among eight livelihood classes and other details. 2. It may be added here that a separate set of district ... wise volumes giving only population figures of rural areas by villages and of urban areas by wards and mohallas and entitled "District Population Statistics" has already been published. This separate series was necessitated by the urgent requirements of the U. P. Government for elections to local bodies. 3. The number of District Census Handbooks printed so far is twenty ... five. Special arrangements for speeding up the printing have now been made and it is hoped that the remaining Handbooks will be printed before the end of 195,5. RAJESHW ARI PRASAD. LA.S., RAMPUR: Superintendent, Census Operations, April 30, 195,5. Uttar Pradesh. CONTENTS Pages INTRODUOTION- A-The District i-iii B-Analysis of the Statistics iii-xi C-Explanatory Note on the Statistics xi-xiii PART I-DISTRICT CENSUS TABLES A-GENERAL POPULATION TABLRS- A-I Area, Houses and Population 3 A·II Variation in Population during Fifty Years 3 A·III Towns and Villages Classified by Population 4-5 A·IV Towns Classified by Population with Variations since 1901 6 A·V TOwns arranged Territorially with Population by Livelihood masses 7 E Area and Population of District and Tehsils by Livelihood Classes 8-11 B-ECONOMIC TABLES- B-1 Livelihood Olasses and Sub·classes 12-15 B-II Secondary Means of Livelihood 16-31 B-III Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services Divisions and Sub-divisions 32-64 B.IV Unemployment by Livelihood Olasses 65-66 Index of Non-agricultural Occupations 67-71 (J-HOUSEHOLD AND AGE (SAMPLE) TABLES- C-I Household (size and composition) 72-73 C-II Livelihood Classes by Age-groups 74-81 C-IlI Age and Oivil Condition 82-85 C-IV Age and Literacy 86--89 C.V Single Year Age Returns 90-97 D-SOOIAL AND CULTURAL TAnLES- D-I Languages (i) Mother Tongue 98-99 (ii) BiJjnguaJism JOO-101 D-ll Religion 102-103 D-IH Sc11eduled Castes 102-103 D-IV Migrants 104-107 D-V (i) Displaced persons by year of arrival in India 108-109 (ii) Displaced persOns by Livelihood Olasses 1l0-1l1 D-VI Non-Indian Nationals 110-111 J)-VH Liverihood Classes by Educational Standards 112-120 PART II-VILLAGE, TOWN, PARGANA AND THANA STATISTICS Primary CenSus Abstract 122-239 2 Pargana and Thana-wise Population 240-241 PART III-MISCEI,LANEOUS STATISTICS Vital Statistics 244-247 2 Agricultural Statistics- (i) Rainfall 248-249 (ii) Area as classified with details of area under cultivation 250-253 (iii) Oropped Area 254-269 ~iv) Irrigated Area 270-273 "3 Live-Stock, Agricultural MaChinery and Implements 274-277 -4 List of Primary SchoolS 278-282 INTRODUCTION A-THE DISTRICT 1. The district of Allahabad is bounded on the north for about a third of the distance by the river Ganga, which separates it from Rae Bareli and Pratapgarh districts, while for the remainder it marches with the latter district and Jaunpur. To the east and south-east lie the Banaras and Mirzapur districts, to the south and south­ west is the State of Vindbya Pradesh and to the west are the districts of Banda and Fatehpur separated from each other by the river Yamuna. In the recent transfer of enclaves, villages Chaukhandi and Khoha of Karchhana tehsil covering an area of 3'4 square miles have been transferred to Vindhya Pradesh and village Chamur of former Rewa State having an area of 2'4 square miles has been absorbed in Karchhana tehsil of this district. The total area of the district as now constituted is 2,795 square miles which is more than the average district area of the State. Its population in 1951 was 20·481akhs. It has 8 tehsils, 14 parganas and 22 thanas. 2. The Ganga and Yamuna which unite at Allahabad, divide the district into Topoll"apb.)' three distinct parts, which differ from one another materially in their general appearance and physical features. The tract between the two rivers, commonly known as the Doab, comprises the tehsils of Chail, Sirathu and Manjhanpur. The trans- Ganga or Gangapar tract includes Soraon, Phulpur and Handia; while the trans-Yamuna country, known as Jamanapar, consists of Karchhana and Meja. Taken as a whole the Doab presents the appearance of a rich and fertile country. Save in the ravine belts it is remarkably well-wooded and through there is said to have been a great diminution in the grove area since the introduction of the railway, the large number of mango and mahua trees is still the chief feature of the country. The trans-Ganga or Gangapar tract bears a close resemblance to the adjoining parts of Avadh. Its southern edge is formed throughout by the Ganga and here are to be seen in places broad strips of rich kachhar. North of this is a broad expanse of clay which extends to the district boundary. This clay belt is very rich. The Gangapar tract differs in many respects from the Doab. In the latter jhils of any size are very rare, while in Gangapar they form the most noticeable feature of the country. Jamanapar, the third tract is entirely different from the rest of the district and geographically belongs to Bundelkhand or the Hills and Plateau Division of the State. In some respects the Karchhana tehsil resembles the Daab in both its crops and its soils, being an upland plain of loam and clay with the usual belt of light and indifferent soil along the banks of the Ganga, Yamuna and Tons On its western side, however, the Doab soils are replaced by a mixture of clay and the mar of Bundelkhand. South of the Tons in the Meja tehsil, there is a fairly rich plain of alluvium in the east. The Vindhyan hills run from the Mirzapur border past Manda, Meja and Kohrar to the western boundary and from their crest northwards as far as the Belan there extends a plateau of inferior mar and clay soils. The population of this part is scanty and the cultivation is poor and precarious. Weed or kans in this part has caused much land to be abandoned. In most parts of the district the rivers, Ganga, Yamuna, Tons, Barna, Sai and Sasur Khaderi carry off the drainage with great rapidity, but in a few tracts the natural out~lets for the surface water are inadequate with the result that large and shallow jhHs are formed. They are found mainly in Soraon, Phulpur and Handia tehsils. Soils 3. The soils in the Daab and the trans-Ganga tracts present few peculiarities. They consist as usual of balua or sand, corresponding to the bhur of the other districts, found especially on the highest levels in the river banks; of matiar or clay in the depressions the heavy variety which is fitted solely for rice cultivation and can only be worked' when thoroughly soaked, going by the local name of chanchar; and of the mixture of sand and clay known as dumat or loam. In the trans-Yamuna country all these soils occur in the ordinary alluvium while in addition there are others which are characteristic of Bundelkhand. The chief is mar commonly described as black cotton soil. The stony soil on the hills is called bhota and is of little value while the inferior kind of chanchar at the foot of the hills is known as chopar. 4. The figures of the classification of area during the last fifty years are given Classification of area in Table 2 of Part III of this volume. The proportion of area under the various categories works out as follows for 1950-51 : Actual figures Particulars (in acres) Percentage cultivated area .. 1,068,706 5807 CulturabJe waste (excluding current fa11ow)- •• / 316,245 1704 Current fallow 105,057 5'8 FOrest .. Area not available for cultivation of whieh­ 330,508 18-1 (a) Covered with water 123,974 6-8 (b) Under sites, roads and buililings 59,153 3-Z (0) Barren •. 147,381 8'1 ii The figure in the above table regarding culturable waste taken from the Season and Crop Report is, however, misleading. The State Agriculture Department conducted in 1949-50 a detailed enquiry through the District Officers regarding the nature of this area in each district. The following analysis of the area resulted from this enquiry : ~-- - - -~ --~ --- ---- Particulars Area Percen· (in acres) tage Total cullurable waste (A+B+C) 284,843 100 A-Area under culturable waste lund not anilable fOr imm~diate cultivntion 155,225 54'49 (i) Forest under UllY legul enactment (ii) Groves 70,705 24'82 (iii) Forests of timber trees 1,980 0'70 (iv) TllatelJing grasses, shrub~ and bushes 15,421 5'41 (v) Land kept for gl'azing 67,119 23',6 B-Area undm' culturable waste land nVllilabJe for immediate CUltivation but w],ich could 104,592 36'72 not be cultivated •• .