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(r6bt) Z9ZSZZ (a) ErstInN NulrsraVol. ll. No 2 (lqa7)

ycllorv w ithage; colouredseeds ofnorth-eastenr specics. Thc flowcrs are wh ite, 5- to 9-mcrous,tuming pafiiallyexserted' and thecorolla tube is tubaefbrm or crateriformwith the anthers affixed medially and ishighly developed thestigmas are white. ln mostspccies the sclerification ofthe mesocarp ofthe fruit vilhelmii'one ofthc SpeciJswithout mesocarp sclerification form a subgroupmore closcly relatcd to G north-eastemspccles.

'l'welve speciesare recognized within the region west ofthe GulfcountryofQueensland' ofrvhich Onespecies' on)y threepose little taxonomic difficulty'. G dctcryoides'G' kakuduensisand G "sericea its sister G.'gardneri,remains poorly known and appearsto havecharacters intermediatc between pyrifttrmis There are two species,G. c/acryoftlesand thc morc distantlyrelated G pyriformis stbsp s. Thcseare the G. feslt?.)n.l speciescomplexes wh ich presentgreat d iflicu ltiesfor specicsdetermination complex'whicl') compfex,whichincl udesG.schw(1rzii,G e$tartiiattG megasPetma,andtheGfucal'r indepcndent' includesG. p-vri/brmis,G../itucicttla and G. jabilufui Thetwocomplexcs arenotentirely and G' /eti'')s4 subsp with the pos;ibility of gene flow between G pyriformis subsP keartldndii aims to identity thc kinberleyensis. With such taxonomic tiifficulties, the treatmentpresented here needto rccognizableclemcnts \\'ithin the complexes' and by sodoing draw attention to thecontinuing much rcfin-ethe understandingofall thetaxa involvcd A conservativeapproach wouldhavehiddcn problemsare resolved The ofthe observablediveriity and ledto the assumptionthat the taxonomic problematicsubgenus complexityof this savannahwoodland group is comparableto the equally Bergfuas(Sonn.) Vcrdc. ofcentral and southem (Verdcourt 1979)'

Materialsand methods

FAA (fomalin-acetic Dcscriptionsof taxalverc madc from dried herbarium spcc imens, ethano I or followedthat dcscribedin acid-alcohol)preserved specimens' and living material Datacollection Puttock&Quinn(inpress)'MorphologicalterminologyusedinthiSpapcrfollowsthatofPuttock(1988)' spur' ln some Thevertical extension ofthc calyx'gencra)ly regarded as calyx lobes' is termed'calyx u'iththe calyx speciesthis structureis continuousrvith the hypanthium and may not bc homologous ofrr?dolrbeing lobes.The terminology used for bark and blaze fbllows I Iyland(1982) with the exception Substitutcdft.lrntlntlescrip|'Conscrvationstatuswitsdetermined|romfieldobservations,|ocal ( I996) knorvleclgeantl herbarium collections, using the standardsprovided by Briggs& Leigh

exceplionof All taxawere examincd across thcir known distributional ranges in thefield with thc Garcleniugartlneri'MuchofthemateriaIrvascollectedduringseveralfieldtripSthatresultedinafloriStic (Puttock WaterhouseI 981). All surveyof ihe MagelaCrcek catchmcnt area of NorthernTerritory & thefollowinghelbaria: spccies*cre alro examinedon herbariurnmaterialheld at, or availablefor loanfrom, AO.EISH,gIT,SNI,gM,CANB,CBG,DNA,JCT,K'L.MEL,NSWNY',QRS'SYD,UNSW'US'

publishedduringthe first Relativelylittle taxonomic literature dealing with Australian Gardenla was halfofthiscentury'andthiSconsiStsoflittlcmorctltanspecieslists'andlikewiseintherecentecological Generallythe andfloristic studies such as the floristicsurveys in theKakadu and Kimberley regions speciesnanrescitedintheseeartieraccountscannotbereliedupon.ForthiStreatmentlhaveattcmpted toobtainallcoltectionsusedinthosepublishedaccountsandhavelistcdthetleatmentsundeltheir appropriatespecies wherever possible

(1 keytothe species' I'hecalyx, rvhich was the celltraltaxonomic characterusedby Bentham 867)in his isavoided in thecurrent wasiound to bc extrcmelyvariab le with in somespe cies (c g G reslaosa)and vegetativeand lruit key for spccieswhere it is unreliable Thekcy prescntedhere endeavours to use slsuanprttlotl g iuol ruu g-g lecrped :uaruelndurql E drDcopuapuD reful ,(uotsploqluoqr c tnoqtr,r 'IJrqtuluZ r d.]ecoseuripcuaqdsqns ol prosdr ne ,(lp€olq trnljl *II " tutadsoiaw'g 8uol uru g 1-gl lecrped :d:eJopueueruulnd lorql puu re,{e1,{uols proquroqr p Sulssessod ')lllql ruu t-t &Ecosau:uJojrsnJ fluoqs o1pro,\oqo,{l,ro.ueu lruJ I I " II SuolruuE y -g selorted:Suol (rlru gz-g l eqnlEllorol '.{cr8 :,rolle( flsnr ol arqJopaluoru tqBrlIrpq :3uolturu 0/-9e llmJ *01 'rllssasqns Da)lJas'D 3uo1tuur E-g se;ortod sc^?el:3uo1 uru 71-61 eqnlElloioc :u^\oJq IrEp ot e^neuIsnocnEIS IJEq :3uol turu gZ-02 tlnrg Ot al x6 " 0l snoecues01 asolueruol se^€el 6 'ns€tuld srsua{a1taqu11dsqns ,s(rurs""r , (ErlEJtsnVulelse/A lteqtlrl,!) snourserlou '3uo1 turu9-g selndrls :artdt lla ,{1,$ot rpu ot eleloeJuElqosu[uDI rllr^\ se^e3'I *g ,soarsr|dsqns 2r?u!sat '0 """""" (ellEJlsnvuletsey'A ',{elJequr) urolsuapul:,ftolurcl urequoNuelse,r-qgou) snourser,{qsnordoo fllensn3uo1 ruu 1 1-g(g)selndrls :Jlldllla ot ale^opultutl qlrMsa^€a.I g """" 'Suol 8 3uo1ruru g g-g 1 slacrpad q1r,r ruLug f -0t lrn.rJ:Irpq u,/{orqIIPp qlr,{\slueld */ 'D ltpuoluDal dsqnss!rarol!.r,{d Suolruru g l -Eslecrpad qtr.,rr '3uo1 ruu gg-771rnr;:Ir?q ,\\olle,{,{tsnr ot erLllopeltloul {ar8 qtl,{{stu9ld / ' 'Suol 'pro^o t Suolruu Eg- g slecrpedqlr,{ urtrls t-ZZ ol lecrraqdsqns lrn.rl *9 'g 'l?cuoqds rllt ruayo dsqr\sslta,rol!,tiftl Suolrulu g-ZsleJlped qlr,\\'Jaletuatp uu 9l-01 ltnJl 9 slutollttd dsqr\sslu,tt{1,tf,tl'g esu?psa^eel uo urqueunpur :fup ueq,r qloous 1tn{ 'leJupurl,{J 'pto^o :trnr.I.qt olul Suucdellou Ierrped:3uot uLu (/Z)ZZ-g I lrnrJ *g o\ncnl'g esrudsser\eel uo unlueunpul:,{lp uoqmasolnSnl 'lrn{ 'lccueqds eqlolur Suuadel Xlldmqe lorrped LreleuEr p ruru (0 t)02-91 lrnrC A " 9 sura^.,osllpd (01)6 ol / qlr,{\se^De'l *t '''' ''''''''''''' surJ^.;os-rrcd E1 ol 0l{o)rltr^\sJ^pJ-l t . . 'l9]ueqds oryry1qo['9 Jelerwrpruru t I -g llnr.t:Euol ultu 6-g '8uol cqnlelloJor :sur3^ ,Oupuooes.+o srred 6 ol L rllr,lr ruruZZ-8 1 si^pc'l *C 'prosdrlle qorlrnvl' j 3uo1ruu 9 J-g 1 lrn4 :?uolturu g l -EI '3uo1 eqnlclloror isurcl fuupuoresgosrred y 1 o16 q1r,tr rurugt-gt se^pe'l t " l lueserdDllpuIop :csolueruol ol sno€tuas,{lesleds urnluaunpul lllu1orlod sc,neol *7 " € luesqeultpurop :snorquf,s XlesrEds 'oltssesqns.lo puEflelnurLu lucserd runluerunpurjr .ro snoJqDlt elrssesse^pa.l Z " 6 raleurcrpur ruru 6-t'lsnqor s8r,nl,{jea1 *1 'repuels Z releuerp urruru (€)Z- 1 s5r,,'r1,!ee1 1

o!uaptoD Josap}dsqns puv sarradsu.ralsa^{-quou puB uJaqlrou o1,{ay

'(9961 1co11n4)oraaplro urelsDe-quoueqtJo lpql qtr,{\luauteoJl slql.]ouortr?prulssE elqeua ol pepr,rordcre serceds llelo suorldrrtsapllng saqolJo Joqurnupup czls ur elqDue^fluo srpuD dnor8 srql lnoq8noJqt u.lo-+run sreduqs elloJoo cqt u,\\oulst s€J€J sV €xelII€ JoJ u,{\ouIlou srEsre,l{oU pueJeuq fllureue8 st uospas3uue,,!rou aql etuts'elqrssodlaAeloqA\ slalJuJpqa

nrl|)lsnv urclsi,{-quou pur ur:quou 'rlorl DtuaprDD Jo uorsr{.r v l.otnd ,t :) Nuylsiavol. ll, No. 2 (1997)

12 Leafy twigs 5-9 mm diameter;calyx tubemore than l0 mm long; calyx lobesflattened into radial blades ...... 13 l2* Leafytlvigs 3-5 mm diameter;calyxtube less than 8 mm long; calyx lobeslinear or absent,not flattenedinto blades ...... 15 13 Fruit with laterallyflattened calyx spursmore than 5 mm wide; leaveswith 6 to 9 pairsofsecondary veins, often covered with stickyresin; slipulesbulleFshaped.mammilliform ...... G. dacryoides 13* Fruit with narow laterallyflattened calyx spursless than 5 mm wide; leaveswith 10to l5 pairsofsecondary veins, not oftencovered with stickyresinandstipulesconical,notmammilliform...... l4 14 Fruits20-30 mm long,smooth when dry;calyx spurs 5,laterally flattened, 4-5mrnwide ...... G. gtrdneri 14xFruits 30-55 mm long,striate when dry;calyx spurs 6(7), laterally flattened,2-3mm wide ...... G.schwarzii 15 Leavesovate to elliptic, resinous G. resinoss subsp.tesilasl 15+ obovate to oblanceolate,not resinous ...... 16 16 Fruits30-45 mm longon erect,gradually tapering pedicels; leaves with I I to l3 pairsofsecondary ve1ns...... G. ewsrtii subsp.ewarlii l6* Fruits20-30 mm longonreflexed,abruptly tapering ped icels; leaveswith 8 to 10 pairs ofsecondary veins .. G. ews ii s|ubsp.Jilzgersl.lii

Descriptions

Gardeniadacryoides A. Cunn.ex Puttock,sp. nov.

Arborparvaresinoso-gummifera, flavescens, tenuissimehispida, foliis subrotundo-obovatisncrvosis, axillis venarumfoveolatis; fructus 4-5 alatisterminalibus. G. hqnsemanniiformacalycis sim ilis sedfoliis fructibusqueminoribus differt.

71pzs:rocky hiJlside lbetween King Riverpumpingstation and Kunununa], Gardner District, Western ,l November 1969,D.IL Mqcken:rc691 101- l 5 & F. Lullftz(holo.PERTIJ; rso.CANB 266208, Kununurra).

Gardeniadacryoides A. Cunn.llls; S.J. Forbes et a/.,W. Austral.Naturalist l7: l9l ( I 988).

Gardeniumegaspermaquct.pro Pqrte,G.Bentham, Fl. Aushal.3:409 ( 1867);W V. Fitzgerald,J. & Proc Roy.Soc. Westem Australia 3:109 ( l9 |8);C.A.Gardner, Botanicalnotes Kimberley region of Western Australia92 ( 1923);S.J. Forbes el41., W. Austral.Naturalist l7: 184( 1988)

Gardeniasp.nov. aff. megusperma F. Muell., S.J. Forbes el.l/, W. Austml NaturalistI7:l84(1988).

Gardeniasp., R.J.Pethcram & B. Kok, Plantsof the KimberleyRegion of Westcll]Australia 467, fig.466(1983).

Gardeniasp.B.,C.F.Puttock 1r. J.R. Wheelerela/., Floraofthe Kimberley Region 913, fig.281D ( 1992) '(HlUAd) '8961 'Je^rU '.(VNO) 't861 r€eufost€l | L uatna'l uEt [Z plo roMol Zt6Z urluoy aunl t I 'jl,9l.8Z 'S,9n.S 'ppor 'eere '1691 I l E.lrnunun)uo uruqpu,{r^druorJ rul E€ o11orgeq1 i(,16SN HJUgd) 'HtUga '€rnunun)) u s plotaBzltg'9061 des'ueqpu.416punor sllrq :(gilVC 9t-101169zlA nj 'E!nunun) p alzua!.o14'696I AoN I ? uorlelsSurdurnd ie,\rU 8ur) uae,rleq:(^[SNn) 06902,t\SNn '9,90o82I'S,6to9l rpeoJre,rtX lrorrd'ourp:(/ SNn) 6890Z,4ASNnZrorr7'1961.{1n111 qqtg Sutsso.tc 'S,€S"€ ',tuepuopuot ;e,r13ur;3o 11uq g l :(HIUgd) Efte I a8loao'E161 3ny g'9,tr0.1.2I I edeJJoES 'S,Z0"S l(g1Xg4) 719g1aA;oa9'9161 3ny g'9,9S.92I I a'1eu3epurn8o114,ra^r1eltps.ftC;ouorlrunI '4,9S.92I'S,6t"11 'Ir€d rsau:(HJtgd) 06Zl Illoauuay'g 161'?nV€ I l€uorl€Nro.rrXalups,Oq'1ear3 eeEqdu,(N:0{SN)ESBZppoV'tL6L pO gZ'unqrunlp):(HJ)j3.d)t6zll uost\,l'tL6t KIt\tZ'g,re "92.1 '9,99.g 'ofuyede3:(HJUEd',,\\SN'VNO'gNVl) 'S,9S"t 'rutod y gEZZ.saqro"r'yg6I ,{e4 1g'3,7€"92I t 'A,0€"92t'S,S0.9 'pEor dlEqS'slnsuruedoluv:(,4\SNn)0t902,4\SNn lror4d'1861 ,{lnfI I t runqtunl€) 'S,,S Furssorrra^rUqqrCJo oprs S:(Hlugd'l[SN"lEN) 8l I Zsag./oJ'Vg6tAEIAZZ'E,,9t,rZ"9Z I L€0"t1 '.(eg 'l geprsue,1ry.{egaLuoorg rarde5l uaa.\tleq elnsurued ofuvJo esEq:(IASN't ZS I Z0l HJUAd) '/ t ',{€g '9,/t"SZ 'S,0e"} nuptoo'1761 8ny 0t u€nrsueA:0{SNn)t990Z, ASNn po nd'LB6l KVtZI t t 'e8ro8 reeu€er? )eerJ lpts,&J:(/dSNjl) 9990Z,,1\SNnlroiln"r'ourp i(,tSrun) tS90Z /ASNn lrorrdf '186 ':t,lt.9Z 'S,6zot 'ropucx€/A t {lnf I I t t uodreau'p€eHlels.,OJJol['IeeIJ lels,ft]:(t IJUAd) t6t? 'g,9t.SZI'S,ZE"tr1 Ilpauuay'9161eunf€ I leerJdueJ:(HlUAd) Lg1qttpauuax'Z86lrdvIZ'E,St"9ZI '9,69oy1'elrsduec 'uorl€ts SururruV'ldJJo r\\SS uq ZI SurEnEB)eerl duleI :C4\SNl'l'INSN).rgorrf T '8 'S,6t.t 'IrertslleC ' SI f uosl 861,(et{ I e'A,€t.92I I lteq3llt^t:(HJUAd)9 t()E,t1rauuax 9L6I eunl Ll 'g,zr"szt's,6v"bt'sll€J 'g,0t.sz 's,6tofl 'nEerEId eplrt:(ItJu:td)8ot8wD)B'8L6t dos€ I I Ilaqrlrt{ !slleJ '9,8t.92I 'S,Stot 're^ru re^fU IlsqctrhlJpeu:(HIUAd)€998 Qloauuay'7961 cec 8 I IloqcllI,^{Jo 'et€p 'S,r0"91'o^roseI '(Sg ,{-r€tnqr!paLu9uun:(Hlugd) Zro,r/1,41 lnoqtr.^\'A,€f.9Z I re^r)l tuo8auaruud 'Vl'I\'UJSnV olrs) slleCpruA :JJIUISICUgNCXVC NUAI SEI\\'(9')pawwon suawtcads[tuot ]rppy

(g1 g7arnBrg :7661 1cogn4) suorlero;:edqlr,t11e,,*,r1ertue3uu1 rc,nolpue rauur 3o Suluolcrql:eurllno ul elenurssll?c Ielsoloxa :u,{orq l€oo peas :releuuad eqljojleq 'Jalatut;rp euool prrqlauo Bur,{dncco utnlrq :Iclqt rutu8 l -t l ur\\ L l- L espaas elqw Ileul sspruleluacpld 'oltUJq 'sa.rqg :lclqt turut-t droopue:dmopue ol pesn;pue Kuols lred rauur ,rej qlr,,'rsnolaul,{qcueled '8urdole,rap ued relno dlecoseu :elnleu-rueq,t ,no11ef 1s1q,t uae:3 eled drecoxa :opr,,'\urur St-L '6uo1 urur(69)99-97 srnds eq1 luelsrsrad x,(l€r :8uol rutu gZ-Zl Iaorpod ropuols u olutSutredel ,{pdnrqe 'JeleruErp lsa8prrleurprurBuol (E)t qll^\ (fup ueq,r elEulslou) qloorus ruu 0e-02(gt )'8uol ruru0t-02(91) 'pro,ro ol lecrreqds/rz,U sEluacsldSro r(S)qtr,,r,rrCrag SuoluluriI-ZI'tJotseqolcDpru8rls:s3rlcuulllru '8uol lae,res ,{q €lloroJ eql Surpaorxa ruur gt-OZ aiis urur g-7 {q eqnl e11o:oceql Surpeecxesdq 'saqol 'seardE eql'pepnlJur,{lluruPd ello.loteqlJo sesnuts eql,\roleq turu S-i p3uasut Ieql uo{ ruruE-t '3uo1uru 'epr^\ '3uo1 'lldrlla paqcelle 7I-OI shquy snorqelS ruru(02) E I -91 uru 7g-g I ol ole^oseqo l 'eprslno 'l-led 'es€q :cprsurFJrEq Suol esollr^ reddneql ur:eteururpruru 0 t -8 eqllE Jelaruerp uru E-7'3uo1 'srsaqluB 'ruo.}aeqnt turuZ€- SZ eqnl :^\o[e,{ 3ururn} tp alrq,{\'snoJcru-6lo-8(/) r//o./oJ epr,rruru0l-S '3uo1 'snoecerJoc rurug7-g 1 srnds pcuclyeg .{11ere1e; pa^Jncep-alecleJsrqol :snoaieuoa'8uol uru ZI -01 'l€cupull(c 'srnds aqnl :snoraur-(9)t r.,{1o3 x{1eceq1 qlr,n snon8rluocare 1eq1seSpu ,{lleulpnlrFuol 'uaer8 ',{:r€q,{lelnurru pacunouoJd eled'3uo1ruu g 1-g 1 mntqpodtrll ?uoywut71 -6 slecrpeduo srad{o1J 'snoncrdsuoc 'eluln3rler puee8rel erleruop 1rd pelerllc :enb€do o11uelnc.red,(11ee,r.{-re,tuorleue,r X-reruel '.\,\ollo.{',,tlol3q :sureA,ftEpuocesrolur{ueM qtr,r ula^pnuaqtol .09-0s puee^oqe pasrt;l'srsd (6)8.ro L(9) suleAfuDpuof,as:aseq esnlqo otolEpjo! puExedE esnlqo ue qlr,r'epr,r rutu(0g l )021-69'3uo1uru gg 1-61 'alP,\o 'epl,r '8uol 'esuap euruEl:^\olle,{ ruul g-f ulru(0t)gz-01 salottad :slreq Uoqs ,&o^ fue^ qtr,r ',roleq puEe^oq? ueer8 qsr^\ollo,{ ol uear8p[u 'snourser,{1pnsn ',(sso13 'snoarBlroJ 'allsoddo ,ra4pa? '3uo1ruru epr,trruruZ0-I 0'Suolrulu6 0-g 0'ateloccuel$elollor:,fueq,{lelnurtu'releurerp ruru 6-1 97-67(91) 'nuoJrllIturusu'pedeqs{ellnq 'snourseJ,{lsnordoc salrdas furpq,{lelnurtu ueUo'Jeletuerpturu 6-g s&nl qraT ellq^\ol tuporx'e11rJqpooill r.ueeJf,ol u,re3ez€lq {J€q Jauur :ez€lq ueerc ol e8uuo ueqlr,n'paro.{e1 '^\olle,( 'snoecEJrgJn]'Icrql {Jeq relno :e3u€roro cJqco peltloru,(er81q6rl luru 07o1ytog Swpeetds seqcu€Jq:ieleuErp u.rurgg7 ol gq8reqlseerq lE {urut:q8rq lu 8 ol aa,/rlletus snonprcep fle,t4e1lnoeg

Prlrrlsnv urilsiM-qtou puD ruoquou u-loq olualDt.lo uolsl^rr v l.ollnd rI J Nu"vtsiaVol. ll, No. 2 (1997)

'lvanhoe',22 Kununurra,23Jan. 1968, LeutertT l (CANB); July1952, Langfie1d327 (PERTI I); Kellys Knob,N sideof Kununurra,22 June1970, Briggs 3682 (NSW); HiddcnValley, Kununurra, I 5'47'S, 128'45'8,8 Jan.l9S5,Iyightman 1135 & Danlr.,p(DNA, NSW); vicinityoflake Argyle, S of Kununurra, 9 Aug. 1981,C'roat5236l OISW);WcaberRange,3 July l937,Sro*es49(PERTH); WeaberRange, l5'23'S, 128"59'E,20Nov. | 915. Dunlop 4041 (CANB, DNA). FITZGERALD DISTRICT:Rollies Jump-up, Gibb Riverroad, l3 July 1987,Paltoclc UNSW 20677 (UNSW);GregoryJump-up, Gibb Riverroad, 14 July 1987, Pll/oc,( UNSW 20688 (UNSW). NORTHERNTERRITORY. VICTORIA RIVERDISTRICT: Victoria Hwy, 8.2km fromthe Western Austrafia border, 16"00'S, 129'03'E,5 July l974,IfeterhouseUNSW4l86& l/l1sor (UNSW);Keep Rivcr. nearBurt Range, l5'47'S, 129'05'E,22Sep.1915, Mitchell342 (cANB, DNA): skinnelsPoint, bctween KununurraandTimberCreek, l5'56'S, 130'35'E, l6 July1987, /rllockUNSW 20694(UNSW);nearJoes Creek,7kmWofVictoriaRivcrcrossing, l5'36'S, 131"05'8, 17 July 1987, P?lloclUNSW20704(UNSW).

Distribution qnd hahitat. Gardeni..r daoToldes is a commonspecies in opcn*oodland on alluvialsand andamongst outcropping sandstone across the northem Kimberley region and eastwards to theVictoria River.Northcm Territory. (Figure l)

Phe nolog,t. Florveringoccurs between November and Jan uary. The flowersare nt ildly perfumed.Fru its areborne most ofthe year.maturing late in the dry season.

Canset,^qtiotl .ttatus. Gardenia dacryoi /e.!is not underthreat, owing to its remoteand ruggedhabitat andits wide distribution. It isalso rve Il conservedin theDrysdale Rivcr National Park and a numbcrof othcrsmaller parks.

Etynolog,. Thc epithetr./acr_t ol./eri refers to the largetcar-drop ofresin held apically from the stipules.

l/ernqcularnames. Malava (Kununurra aborigincs); Wild Gardenia(Petheram & Kok | 983).

Aflinities. The rcmarkable featurcofthis speciesis the largc,latemlly flaftened calyx spurs.Similarcalyx spurdevelopment also occurs in thcNew Guineanendemic specics Gdrdenia hdnsemazril K.Schum., andto a much lesserextcntin G. gurdneri tiom thewestem part ofthe GardnerDislrict. Likc thc folmcr species,G. dacryoitleshaslarge stipules producing copious amounts of viscidresin but difiersby its smallerovate leaves and lewer sccondaryveins.

Typilicotlon dn.l note.r.Bentham (1867) confused thiswidesprcad specieswith Cardenia megasperma; thc specieshave a supcrficialresemblancc on thebasis oftheir largclcaves. Gardenia dacryoides is distinguishabletiom thisand all other Australian species by itslargc rcsinous stipules, leaves with fewer secondaryvcins, and tlowcrs with largepersistcnt calyx spurs.Although Cunningham's manuscript nameis here taken up fbrthis spccies,IhavepreferredtotypifyitonMackenzie691101-|5&Lull/itz, whichis an excellent, rcplicated, flowering specimen. Cunningham provided ashort description ofthis speciesin his diarytowhich hc gavethe manuscriptname O. tlacryoides,which was rcproduccd along withdescription sofothers in Cunn ingham's d iaries by Forbesel a1. ( I988:l9I). I'heauthorsofthatpaper statedthey did not intendpublication of themanuscript names therein.

A singlespecimen ( 7€,lforcl6296 & Butler';1with elliptic leaves (60-75 mm long,30-48mmwide), fine indumentumand stipules not exudingresin, lrom theStewart River vallcy near the Wyndham Ranges, FitzgeraldDistrict, may reprcscnt a separatetaxon.

The lcavcsare used as a medicinalinhalant by Kununurraaborigincs. 'pczruSorueJE sclcadsqns pa./oq o.n1 pcrdnccoipeerlD sl lr acursIueJ sircads ol pel€Aeleeq louuEf, /, euPulEleuEA eql s2,/oN

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Erlrrtsnv ur:lsei\-rluL'u pur uraquou wolJ DluaTDt) Jo uolsl^.r v l)orlnd I J NuytsiaVoi. 11, No. 2 (1997)

Gardcniaewartii subsp.ewartii

St,p?/er5- l7 mm long,3-5 mm wide,minutely hairy. leavescoriaceous: petioles l0-20 mm long; laminaobovate to oblanceolate,45-I 10mm long,25-50 mm wide; secondary veins I I to l3 pairs,55-65" to the midvein. Anthers 10-13mmlong, attached5-7 mm from their apices,inscrted 3-4 mm below the sinusesofthe corolla lobes, partially included, thetips exceeding the corollatube by severalmillimctrcs. Sry/eI 8-25mm long,exceeding the corolla tube by severalm illimetres; stigmatic lobes l0- l2 mm long. Frz 30-45mm long,25-35mm diameter,subspherical to ovoid,smooth when mature (stfiatewhen dry), graduallytapering into arobust, erect (not reflexed) pedicel, 10-20 mm long.Calyx persistcnton fruit, not constrictedbelow the tube; calyx spurs linear, 8-20 mm long,1-3 mm wide.

Additional specimensexamined (26). \,'IESTERNAUSTRALIA. GARDNER DISTRICT: Kimberley ResearchStation, Deception Range, 14Feb.1950, Lang/iel./ 172 (CANB);difto,30Mar. 1952,Langlield 295 (CANB, PERTH);vicinity ofKimberleyResearchStation, near Kunununa,2S Feb.1969, MqcKenzie 690228-I (CANB);ditto. 15 Nov. 1969,MacKenzie69l I l5-7 (CANB);8 km SEofKununurra, 15'50'S, 128"4'7'E.23 Mar. 1918,P aiimarc2627 (CANB, PERTH);6.2km W ofWeaversCreek, betlveen Wyndam 'Argyle', andKununurra, 16 July198'7, Puttoc* UNSW 20691(tINSW); Cockatoo Sound, . Gardner1235(PERTH); 9 km W ofRed Creek,E ofKununurra,16 July 1987,Prllocf UNSW 20693 (LrNSw). NORTHERNTERRITORY. VICTORIARMR DISTzuC't:JasperGorge, 16002'S,130'41'8, 13July 1977, 'Victoria Parter 1058(CANB, DNA, K, NE);JasperGorge,36 miles [5 8 km]NNW of RiverDowns', l0 lune1949,Perry2125& Lazqrides(CANB);near Joes Creek, ? km W ofVictoriaRivercrossing,15'36'S, 'Montejinni',9 l3 I "05'8,l7 July1987, P//roc,(UNSW20706 (UNSW); l0 miJes[16 kml SEof June1952, Perry& Lezarides2889(AD. BRI,CANB, MEL, NSW) DARWIN>JLFDISTRICT:28.5km N of|-aIrimah, Stuaft Hwy, 15"I8'S, 133'08'E, 19Nov.1982,Purtock UNSW 14463& S/Ceorge(Lll'JSW);'KalarJa',nearDalyWaters, 16'14'S, 133"21'E,14 4pr.1979, Rankin l9l8 (DNA 15076);28miles [45 km]SENewcastle Waters, S July l9l l, Hrl498 (MEL 598390);41miles 'Cox f6.6kml of Dunmara,l5luly1941, Perry377 (CANB); River',l4 km WofAmold Riverhut,15" l5'S, 134"23'8,l4 July1971, Henshall131l (AD, CANB, DNA, MEL,NSW);16'28'S, 134'59'E,4 May 1947, Btake 17634(BF.I, DNA); 27.6 km N of TownsRiver crossing Roper Bar-Borroloola road, l4'56'S, I 35"01'E,22 July 1987, Prl/oc.t UNSW 2073 5 (UNSW);Battem Creek,28 km SofBing Bong,l5'54'S, 135'18'E.30June1988,.Snnfr J254 (NSW);5.2km N ofTheFletcher (Ck),36 1 km S ofBonoloola, l6'06'S, 136'35'E,Pzlroct UNSW 20741 (LJNSW);59.7km Wof3 WaysCrawfordsCrossing, 16"44'S, 135'12'E, 19Nov. 1982,Pztrocn LrNSW 14465 & ^S/George (UNSW);Macafihur Riverarea, l6'16'5, 136'04'E,l2 F eb.1 91 6. Crn en3890(CANB). 'Creswell[?Downsl', BARKLY TABLELANDSDIS-|RICT:53 miles [84.8km]NNEof 13July 1948,1'en2 1655(CANB): 18.5 km SofCalvert River, 17"05'S, 137'30'8,23 July 1987,PuttockUNSw20742 (UNSW); ditto,Prl/oc.t UN SW20743 (UNS\\ I. 'Westrnoreland', QUEENSLAND.BURKE DISTRIC'f; I mileWof 17"20'5,138'15'8,5 June 1948,Perry r318(Bzu.CANB). Intergrdde. Gdrdenid ewarlii - G. sc& ,ar:/l: DARWIN & CULF DISTRICT: upper KatherineRiver, c.50 miles[c. 80 km] NE of Katherine,NAUC area,Aug. 1954,Balezaa 17(BRI,CANB).

Distributionqnd habllal. This subspecies grows in sandysoilsoften associatedwith dry watercourses. It occuff in the Durackand Dcception Ranges, , and the Jasper Range ofthe Victoria River District,Northem Territory. Fewcollections, including the type specimen, represent its scmi-desefi distribulionto thenofih ofthe BarklyTableland. (Figure 2)

Conset,^.tlionstdtus. Widesprcad and not endangered. 'r.rMoul lou elE/lpl,DBzlt! dsqnstlt,tDttra oluaPtDD Jo slel.\og eql rauloJ eqlJo 'selotled lecrped1ce;e pue Surrcdel lenpu.rB aq1t,t sllruJ Je8lel puE re3uo1aq1,{q peteu[uuJSIp,{llpueJ elE 'v 'C Katp, sua,b1taqw11dsqns osorlisa.r qlr,ir\culpdtu,{s sr uplotaBztt dsqns?rt,/rfia I eJeq^\nseluld Iteqclll{eqluO (r4.iz,nadsqns ur eleuts /J),Opuoq^\ qloou.rs osle el€ slrn.rJeq1 slaotpadpaxege: ,{l3uons uo eseqlpue rrl.inaa dsqnsueqlErn:3 Jelletus seq??p1otaBz1( dsqns t4ttt$a DtuapnO satoN

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Figure I Dislribution of Gardenia dacryaidej a l C jabilukd

a Gardenia evL.tii ssP. e*o.tii

^ Gor.tenia eea.tii ssp.Jitzseraldii

I Go.de o eva ii ' G schwanii intetg'ade

Distributionul Ca rNd c\ta ti r

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10168& l|/ctterhouse(UNSW);6miles [10 km] SEofEastAlligator River crossing,22 July 1971, Balgotry/ Barnes1293 (CANB); ESE ofMudginberry, l2'36'S, 132'58'E, I 9Feb l973,Dunlop3302(BRI, CANB, DNA,NSW);DcafAdderGorge,l3'07'S, 132'58'E,2 | Fcb.19'7'7, Fox25l4 (BRI,DNA);Nabarlek area, 2 km N ofairstrip,12" l7'S, 133'19'E,26 Apr.1979, Rankin2l88 (CANB, DNA, L);24miles [38 6 km] SE ofOenpelli,l2'32'5, 133" 19'E,7 July 1912,Adqns2'763 (CANB, K);Q59, c.3I mileslc 50knl ENEof 'Mudginberry'honestead, 12"32'S, 133'19'E, 19Feb 1973, Lozarides1713 (BRI, CANB)

Distributionand hubitat. A speciescnd€mic to the sandstoneescarpmcnt country along the western edgeofAmhem Land,liom theEast Alligator River(longihrde | 32"5 6'E) in thenorth and Katherine Gorge (longitudc132.28'E) in the south.This spcciesfavoul.S the rock clevicesand steepclifrwalls ofthe escarpmentgorges. (Figurc 3) phenologt. known only betwecnJanuary and March at which time the have fully Flowering 'fhe developedleaves. The are mildly perfumed.Fruits mature from April until July. species hasnot beencollected between Septembcr and l)eccmber.

Conservationstatus. lt is not curuentlyunder threat despite its localizeddistribution, being well conservedin the Kakaduand Kathcrine Gorge National Parks

-gorge -co1a- Etymolog,t.The specificepithet is derived from the l, atinJauces ard dweller, in reference to its habitat.

Vernacular name. None known.

Affinitie.s.Gdrdenia.faucicctlais closely rclatedto G.jqbiluka from which it diff'ersby its largerleaves, longcrcorolla tube, ovoid fruitsand less gnarled habit. It is distinguishedfrom theeastem part ofthe G. pyriformis complexby its]eaves lacking the silky tomentumand domatia characteristic ofthat species

N.)tes. Th is specieswas previously confused rvith Gardenia edllis F. Muell. (- c. vilhelnii Domin) from which it differsby theshape ofits leaves,the size ofthe fiuit, andits reflcxed calyx spurs.

Gardeniafucata R. Br. ex Benth., Fl. Austral 3:410(1867) 4/pe: Point R LcapeBaffow, BlueMudBay, GrooteEylandt], Gulfofcarpenteria, Darwin and GulfDistlict, Northem l'€rritoly, l5 JanualyI 803, R. Brotn(lecto -herc designated:BM; rso.NSW)

other literdtwe.F. Muellcr,Syst. census Austral. Pl. 74 ( I 882), SecondSyst. Census Austral. P1.25 ( 1889);F.M.Bailey, catalogue oflndigenousand Naturalised Plants ofQueensland22 ( 1890), Queensland Flora3:757 ( 1900);A.J. Ewart& o. B.Davies, Flora oftheNorthern Teritory 305(1917);R.L. Specht 1f: R.L. Specht& c.P. Mountford,Record ofthe Amcrican-Australian scientific expedition to thcArnhem Land305 (195 8); W.R. Elliot& D.L. Jones,Encyclopaedia ofAustralian Plants 4:332 (1986)

Facultativelydeciduous /fee 8(10)m high; trunk at breastheight to 300 mm diameter.Bd,',t to 20 mm thick, smooth,furfuraceous, light grey mottled ochreto mustardyellow; outerbark Iayeredwith tanto orangeblaze; inner bark blaze cream. Woodcream Leafi twigs1-2mm in diameter,glabrous or subglabrous.^srrpale.s bu Ilet-shaped,not mammilliform, 3-8 mm long;colleterslanceolate, 0.28-0.34 mm long,c. 0.1 mm wide. l,eauescoriaceous, glossy dark to mid greenabove, greyish green below, with scatteredvery shorthairs; petiole 1-2(4) mm long,c l mm wide;lamina narrowly oblong to narowly clliptic,30-80 mm long,5-20 mm wide,with a decurrentbase and obtuse apex; secondary veins 9 to l3 '.I ') ,VNO,gNVC) Jo eplSurolse,r'{f,ot uouueJJepun tuau&erse:(Sn 1797saptnzo7,7261 lrl1 y 'paalseurog f.uequr8pnyJ3og1r1p Iru1t r] selrurt r:(tug)6oDrJ N,ggtzl qqa,U.8r6l,(eht,A,g9"Z€ 'S,0qoZ'uuulcoru I I lll's8urrd5eqleorcglPeu:(VNC,€NVJ.ldg)g61gv zsuaqpn.Z16l .^oN6,{cou rtBuel;no5gog [ru18]selrul 9:()'VNC'gNVl) e6lfl rra)ry,l/,ol1lp:(),VNC,ANvJ)88LAuDaX)n 'Zl61 ^oN 8leaj€lcou arAuEIJnoN:(VNC'BNVC)I / I gVz.rrapo74,7761Kp1g7,1cogerBueFno511o16 ,S,6].2l ,{co}l Irul8 0] s3lrruS 0:L^l\SN')'gNVJ) t6l gy zsua1ny,1'7y61.XnV6,A,29.2€ I eriuuFnoN "IE',\J')'VNC) ' Jo.{llu!rl^:(,^\sN 90Lsdoial?o1861 uEf I€'a,l9.2€I's,l.l.tI'sllD,rrurfrurlJodol:() 'vNcl'cgJ'BNVJ) 'ourp:(vNc) ,:t, ,S,Z9.Z 6Ttl u|\uDA'8161eunt8l t0l1uD1uoy'g761da5z I t 9.Zt I I 'Eue;uoo)JoAN ,S,l9.Z ,€eJE€raSuoo):(VNC tttl S l :(gN'VNC)/96 t urluoy'6761.tdy61,A,I S.Z€ I I 'BNVJ'tXB) ,9,96.g .e8rog:appVJseC:(gNVJ)ZZ\Za?ry'BL6Ieutrl ZgSZxoJ'LL6t 9eJna'?',19"Zg1 I ':t,09.tS 'S, 'ereSuoo) ') 'VNC'gNVl'tUtt) .g,0S.Zt f I tS.Zt :('IEl,! t g;Za .!?ouorDtI'0861tco l. t I '5,7E.71'1roX ,086 crSuulJnoNelDrt :(^AsNn)asnoqtanl 5t g77gl/dsNn lrorr?d t ,(lnI6z.a,6t.zt '5,79.71'1ro1er?uaUnoNilurt:(vNc) I 999r?g?c'tt6l des6z'a,6v.a s,zr"zt'1co1er3ue1;no11e1Dr1 'VNC 'SNVJ'lUB) 'g,8t.Zt ,9,79.91.)lJol :() BgOgdolune'616tret^tr t I I er8ue;rnoNelDr'l:(,4l\SN.) 'VNC'gNVJ) '1coy 6tgV appotlcg'7161K1n1y cr8ueljnopi(3N,VNC)I0SnoJ,tL6 t eunf9,8,/toz€ I '9,;E"71'1cog ,S,ZS.Zt,I$JJer8u€lmoN erBuulmoN:(VNC'BNVJ)gggEdolunq'261qrJ8Z.E,l.t.Z€ I :(VNCI'BNVJ'lUA)appoqrs pgI9Av zsuauow.tL6t.uet tZ.puo.l learJ 3urd,euEIeqSIAJo/!\NIlul f] '9961 'euueWB)Jo ,eere salrrui:(gNVJ) 6LI uosllll uettZ g lrul g.6Elsal[u 17 plor]ploilaajJ apnew ppr.rr:r7'6961 ,S,g ,slleC !tS :(BNVJ) /268 .(e1197,g,l.t.Zt I 6l.t t ur,rlJo Suq I alls:(gNVJ,tXS) 8 t 'lg6l 'er.ru .r ,ra^rU uDaatog de59 3q y51'eurraqre;1golp Iur16g r] selrLu0S aurJaqte)reddn :Lt\SN 'VNC) 'IrEd Z8l I BNsarrfg'8961 qeJ9l lDuoqeNo8roC eurraqle) :(,,\\SNn) VZLO' MSNnI)o nJ '1861 'S,61"q 'a8roD ,e8roD ,(lnI0Z'g,La.Z€t auuoqte):(VNC)eg gN sar.dg,L96t uet9 | euuaql€) 'ourp 'gNVC 'tUg) , ,euueqtu)Jo ;(gNVJ) 6869.rap?.ir:r7 :(y'ASN 9869srf t.tozDl tg6t ,rO SI gN 'e3.roc 'g,sz.zt ,S,6l"t ,c8roD ILu1y3]selrur E 1 aurDqle):(tuB) Loz.Lt ang'gt6I tlo f I I t euueqle) 'euuaqtp;jo :(gNVJ)tItro.r1ry'S961 qel / gp [ru167]srlur8 t :C^ASNn)€/001t,{\ SNnasnoqDpl,l 'tl.6l '3,02.2 's,9 'dupc ,{lnr6l EI I . € I euErEqSI a ot13.rJ eurdruo{ peoruo Surssorc ra,rry.rolu8r 11y 'psor€uerEqs qlnosJoE ru{ 9 l :(VNe)0t9I aulDaH'tL6l u?l Z I lg uoleer3 aurdruo{ [ru)I9 19] selrur Zt 'S,Z 'a,urseg :(VNCI'gNVJ'tXA)L99t tsnt!'LL(.)I]cO S'A,l t.Zt I l.t I s11egqtrpg l(VNC,.BNVJ) Z0t I 'S,Z 'a .rdv,g,I ldtrDd' LL6t1xo V'A,I l.Zt I l.t t cseusll€C rltrpg :C{SN,tug) 9/92sriario,tt6 t I.Z€ t 'S,8 'p€or .3nV ,ur.\ueq tot I sllpJdCn uo teerJ curdruo4 [rul i0l ] selrruS9:(UNIVJ) OOgl'tllots,E96 I 9 I '(ur,ruaq tuo{ ot9l:('tEI ) aztloll'9BBt uo6)ro,rryro1z3r11y :(1E11)a4pH.gggt,eur1qde;Be1a1 'ur^\r€C [;] l-rod:ClnD ? NL AUVCI IUOIIUUg.L NUgHJUON (t9)parlrrloxa suawnadspuorltppy

'elElnir1c.l ged.le,no1 'curllno sll€,$lDIPerj o puelet1ua3uu1.Iauur eql3o 5ul uelrrql uretenurs sller lclsJloxe :pernolocu^\r? leof, pass :rel.uued eqtJo JIeq auo o1 ptrql euoSurfdnoco runlrq ll]lqr luu g.l _ZI 'rJletuerp 'elqEcllEru ,dtEtopu3 urur0 E-92 rpaas u€el3 ssetululuoceld :Icr$ rurut-Z urql € ol pesnl seuols.tu1n8uee8rul quM pue {trql utul I J eprslnosnorqu qlt,tr snoleu,{qcuared drecoseru :eJnle Lu uaqM 'Suldole^ep ,3uo1 ,,r\olle,{ lslrq.,!\ueer8 elpd fuEcoxe :pexaUaJ tou uur g I ol dn seqol1e:e,nes puu u,no'Ic 'lsol uoqsE lualslsred ueq,,\\ uel]opu€ clDUq &e^ x,{l?c:3uol ruru g-9 laclpod€ olurflurJodel ,{lldnJqe '(fup ,reletuurp ,leluoqds uaq.rsuorluuls a1e;ncr1a.r leurpnltEuol qtr^\) qtoorus ur ruu (gg)gZ-9t /lr.g 'seluaceldyro ,8uol g qlr,,nl|/ ,rO selarullltlulele^es Fq aqnl€llotoo eql Surpcecxe Luul77-g 1a1ftg wru7-1 'popnlJur ,scqol ,,{qaqnt elloroc eqt SurpeeJxo sdrl eql fll€rugd elloJocer{Uo sasnuts eql ,roleq lxlu t-t peyesut'socrdz -g .snoJq?13,epr^\ ,Auol reql uo{ l!lx g , poqcElte'3uoyuu.u I 1 1warltt/X ruru9- t ruruS I -/ 'lDcudrllo 'epr seqol:snoJqsli surfurEq'eprgno sJtEq petel]eas qlt^\Jo snoJqEl? ,ued.leddn eqt ur leteLuerp 'ospq ,1eorrpur1,{c .suerurceds u tu (i) t ol Sursse]lut oql lp.ratatuetp (UruZ J'8uol Luru0g-71 eqn1o77o.ro.1 ,epr^\ ,peue ,Buo1 eruosur sdrl elelnqleds e{r l-Jpal IlEus qlr^\ Surleur tulet utruZ- I €U(l1e.rc1e1 rurug 1-1 'ruaurl ,8uol .yecupurl,(c .tuasqe seqol:sc8pu-eqol snoeceuof, uee,nleq snoacugeqc luru f- I eqnlr,fTlrJ ,frpltlos seffpu'uaer8clzd'5uolrl::ur Otgwuqlund,{77 3uo;urLu o1lecrpedlsnorqelBqns ol sno:qulF 'snoJeLu-/ 9 ol -S.r./arr'loTysnoncrdsuorur uego.lluLus selSue ur e,l ptuT,{repuoces ururleutoplrd pelerlrc :enb€do'lue norad,(11ee,lruorleue,t ,{]etuat :^\oleq puz e^oqB pesr€t lou,ule^ptLu aql ot.0S-0t,sll€d NuytsiaVol. ll, No 2 (1997)

Jabifuka outf ier,23Mar. lgS0,IlaterhoaseUNSW9554 (UNSW);Bulilumbu creekhalfway up slope Jabilukaoutlier,2T July 1980,Palroct UNSW 10233& Waterhouse(IJNS\'/ );top ofridge on Jabiluka Outlier,SE of JaJa Campsite, 4 Sep.1980, Prrttoci UNSW 8522& Muft.ry (UNSW);top of ridgeon JabilukaOutlier,E ofJaJaCampsite,5 Sep. 1979, P&lroctrUNSW 8556 & Mutray(UNSW);EastAlligator River,Cahills Crossing & CannonHill, 12"02'S,132'55'8,2 Oct 1946'Blake17120(BRl); l-2 miles[1.6- 3.2kml S ofcannonHl]|l,16 Aug.1972, Martensz AE262 (BRl,CANB, DNA' K, L,NSW);N facingwall in centmlpatl of Mt Brockman,12"44'5,132"54'E,23 Feb.1973, Craven 2373 (A, CANB' L,NT);Mt Brockman,l2'45'S, 132"57'8,24Fcb.l9'/'1,Barnett 47 & Azzoparcli(DNA);di|1t!o,25Feb.l9'/'7' Batnett 51 & Azzopardi(DNA);EastAlligatorRiver,c. 3 miles[c.5 km]S ofCahillsCrossing 'l6May 1968,Carttlin 6868(SYD); EastAlligator River, l9 May 1968,By,res NB 833(DNA); nearCahills Crossing' East AlligatorRiver,l2'30'S, 133'00'E, l6May 1974,Fox437 (DNA'NE); Oenpelli, l2'18'S,133'04'E'2Oct' 1948,Specrr I I l9(AD, BRI,CANB,MEL, NSW, PER'|H)i2 km WofNabarlekairstrip,l2'18'S' 133'16'E' 24 Apr.Ig'7g,Rankin2l8l(CANB, DNA, K);0 5km EofSandyCreekon RoperBaron RoperHwy, l4'04'S .134'03'E,21July 1987,Prl/oci UNSW20728 (UNSW);Hells Gate,9 2 km W ofRoperBarcrossing on RoperHwy, 14"43'5,134'26'E, l7 Nov. 1982,Ptlloc.tUNSW 14453 & StGeorge(UNSW);75 km W of RoperBar crossing on RoperHwy,14"13'S, 134"27'E, 17 Nov l982,Patloc{UNSW 14454& StGeorge (JNSW);6 km W ofRoperBar crossingon Roper Hwy, 14"43'S,134'27'E' l8 Nov. 1982,Parkrci UNSW 11454& StGeorge (UNSW); 12 km SWofPhelp River crossing' 14'27'S, 135'03'E ,12Oct 198'7,Clqrk 1682(DNA,NSW);8 km Eoftumoffon roadtoPodRoper, 14"54'S, 135'03'8,21 July 1987, PznociUNSW 20729& Klrg(UN SW);GrooteEylandt, l5 Jan l803,Brouns a (BM, NSW);Wessellsland,l lol I'S' 136"44'E,I Oct. 1972, Ld1r3367 (CANB,DNA);LakeEmeda, l4'13's, 136"44',E, l7 Mar. 1919,Iloddv110 (DNn ): LowerScttlementCreek, l8'00'S, 138'07'E' Aug. 1922' Brass 178 (BRI)'

Distribution and haDltal. A widespreadspccies ofthc Darwin and Gulf Distlict of Northem Teritory fromKatherine Gorge to GrooteEylandt. It isgenerally found in savannahwoodland on th e screc slopes of sandstoneescarpments. (Figure 4)

p henologt. Flowering fiom lateSepte mber to Februaryand aseasonally in May. Early in the flowering seasonthe trecs ar€ virlually lcafless. The flowers are mildly perfumed.FIuits are bome on thetrees almostall yearand mature between July to November'

conserv tion status.This specieshas a wide distribution,and is well conservedin thc Kakuduand KatherincGorge National Parks.

'/ircata" Etymobgt. The specific epithct which meanscoloured or staincd,presumably refers to the ochrcousbark. a featurewhich is not uniqueto this species.

Vernacularname. None knolvn.

Alfinities. Gardenid fucata is relatedto G. pyriJbruis but differs by its sphericalfruits and almost glabrousleaves. The species also has affinities to G.,'esirlosa but isdistinguished by itssmaller leaves, flowers and fiuits.

Typtfication dnd notes. Thc type material consistsof two specimens. 1'he specimenretained by Bentham.now at the BritishMuseum, is heredesignated as lectotype

The namesGarde, ia fucata, G. pyrilbrmrs, and G. edalishave beenused almost indiscriminately in spccieschcckl ists for northcm Australia. The confusion is larg€lydue to thepresence ofmore species thanG. edt1,.r,a namcused by Muellerfor allthesetaxa in theearly period ofcollecting across northem r

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'I.olln.l erlejlsnv urclsc,\\-quoupun urcquouuorJ DtuaprD!).Jo uorsr^arv l :l NuylsiaVol. ll, No. 2 (1997)

Australia.G artle niaedr.r/is F. Muell. isan illegitimatename. The Australiantaxon has been lectotypified to G. vilhelnii Domin( Puttock 198 8), an endemic speciesin north-eastemQueensland'

Gardeniaga rdneri Puttock,.tP.l?of

A C. dacryoirle lobis calycisminoribus non decurrentibus,foliis venismultijugis differt'

westemAustra]ia, l5'28'S. Typzs:E6 [Garimbu creekl PrinccRegent River Reserve, GardnerDistrict, 125'29'E,l9 August1914.K. F. Kenneali12080(holo PERTH02796856)

( Gartleniasp. C,C.F. Puttock 1,?r J R Wheelerel al, Floraofthe KimberleyRegion 9l 3 I992)'

Gardeniamegttspern a sersa A.S. Georgc & K.F.Kenneally 1r: J.F. Miles & A.A. Burbidge,A biological surveyofthe PrinceRegent River Reserve 63 ( 1975).

Gardeni.t?restn.)sa-rer.rrA.S. Ge orge & K.F.Kenneally fu. J.F.Miles & A.A. Burbidge. A biological surycyofthe PrinccRegent River R€serve 63 ( 1975).

Smallrree to 6 rn h igh. Bqrt light greymottled ochre yellow. Ledfytuigs 5-9mmi\diameter,glabrous. notresinous. .SlrpzlE.! conical, not mammilliform. l0- 16mm long,5-6mm wide,minutelyhairy; colleters lanceolatc.0.4?-0.7Imm long,0.I-0.2 mm rvide leavesglabrous. glossy mid green, with very dense, very shorthairs; petiole l5-30 mm long. l-4 mm wide' laminaovate to suborbicular,65-140 mm long, 35-ll0mmwide.rvithanobtusebaseandapex;secondaryveinsl2tol4pairs,50-60'tothemidvcin; hairtuft to pocketdomatia large and very conspicuous. Flolrel"r not known. a)v.t?with 5 placentas. (not Frrll sphericalto ovoid,20-30 mm long.l2-20 mm diameter,smooth without longitudinal ridges striatewhcn dry); calyxpersistcnt, the tubecylindrical,5-merous, l0-12 mm longand with laterall)' ilattenedspurs 5- l0 mm long,'i-5 mm wide'erect.

Adtlition.ll specimensexarnined (4). wESTERN AUSTRALIA. GARDNER DISTRICT: Augustus Island,Bonaparte Archipelago, I 5.25',S, 124'35',E, l4 May 1972.ll/ilsonl071l(PERTH);near Gariyeli Creck,15"32;S, 125.13'8,24 Aug. 1974,6eol.ge 12584 (PERTH); Lushington Brook, , 1 July1950,Ganlner 9566 (PERTH); W5 [PythonCliffs] PrinceRegcnt RiverReserve, 15"20's, 124'56'E, 21 Aug. 1974. Kennealt2 I 65 (PERTtl).

(f-igure Distrihutiondn.l hctbltal.Prince Regent River Reselve in openwoodland on sandstonc. 5)

Phenctlog,t.Flowers unknown. F'ruiting material collected in May, Julyand August'

conserrat ion s tatus.Th is speciesis conscrved in the PrinceRegent Rivel Rescrueand w ith its limitcd knowndistribution it is coded2KC. Althoughthe annotationson sheetsofthis speciesdescribe it as commonfor PrinceRegent River Reserve (Kenneally2165.2080) it is cunently only knownfrom tiw specimens.CAI-M ConservationCodes for WesternAustralian Flora: Priority Three'

Etymologt. Namedafter Charles A. Gardner( 1896-19?0), Western Australian govemment botanist' who madethc first colleclion ol lhisspecics.

l/ernecular nane. None known. '.taqrueldeg ur pclcelloc ueeqa^?q strn{ ern1e11paun3.red ,{1p1r ru ere sra,\{olJ se^eelpedolc^Jp,{llnlqtt^\,trpnJqc,{tuollu^\ou}uauucedsBurre,rogel?ursy-,(3o1ouaL1,1

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.)tronnd DrlP4snv ur0lsa,\\-quou pus uraquou wort DluzptD, lo uorsr^rr v :I :) NuytsiaVol. 11,No 2 (1997)

Conseryationstqtus. Gardenietjabilukais unlikely to be underthreat despite its localizeddistribution, beingwellconserved on theescarpments ofthe KakaduNational Park. lts conservationstatus should be listedas 2KCt.

Etymolo

Vernaculqr name. None known

A.flinities.This speciesis relatedto Gardeniafaucicola, fromwhich it differsby itssmaller leaves, shorter corollatube. sDherjcal fruits, and habit with divaricatebranching and twisted appearance

Nore. The characteristicdivaricate branching ofthis speciesmakes it particularlybrittle'

Gardenia kakaduensisPuttock, sp. l?ov

Ab aliis speciebusmegacarpis australiensibus pericarpio tenui sinecalculis mesocarpicis, foliis dorsiventralibuspaucinervatis, domatia defi cientibus diffefi

ilpus: 44km south-eastofoenpelli,12"34'S, 133'23'E, Darwin andGulfDistrict, Northem Tenitory, l3 June1978. P.K Latz'7168(holo:DNA; rso NSW).

Smallarborescent slrrb l -3 m high. Ba,'lto 5 mm thick,light grey, smooth, not furfuraceousi outer and inner bark blazecream. I/oodwhite . Leafy twigs4-5 mm diameter,tomentose. s/,/,?.i /es narrowly bullet-shaped,long mammilliform,l3-19 mm long,5-6 mm wide, tomentose;colleters lanceolate, 0.4-0.6 mm long,0.I-0.2 mm witle leauesopposite, dark to mid greenabove' pale yellow grecn below, rvithrnoderately dense short hairs (tomlrntose);petiole 3-6 mm long,c. 3 mm wide; lamina ovate to bloadly ovate,40- I05 mm long,30-75 mm widewith obtuseapex and base; secondaly veins 7 to 9( I l) pails, 45-50" to the midvein,promincntly raised below, yellow; intersecondaryveins occasional; tertiary venationmoderately percuffent, opaque; domatia absent. Flowers 6- to 8-merous,tomentose, solitary onpedicels l-2 mm I ong.ilypanthium5-6 mm long,yellow green,Iidges absent. c4tlcmteriform;tube 9- i0 mm longwith coriaceouslobe-ridges; lobes Iinear, 6-8 mm long,not laterallyflatIened. Corolle tubaeform;tubeI ?- I 8 mm long,2-3mm diamet€ratthe base' 5-6 mm diameterin theupper part, with retrose indumentumoutside, hairy inside;Jobcs elliptic, 22-24 mm long,9- 10mm wide,partially sericeous. ,l allers l0- I I mm long,attached 3-4mn liomtheir apices,insertedc. 2 mm belowthe sinuses ofthe corolla -2 lobes,mostly included, the tips exceeding the corolla tube by I mm. style 19-20mm long;stigmatic tobes3 or 4, 8-l0 mm long.ovary w ith3 or4 placentas.Fralt wide-e llipsoid to subspherical,45-70 mm long,35-50 mm diameter,smooth (remaining smooth when dry), tomentose, abruptly tapering into a robustpedicel, l-8 mm long;calyx tube often persistent with severallobes to ? mm long,erect, above a 3-5mm long recepticularcollar; cxocarp pale green whilstdcveloping, yellowish when mature;mesocarp fibrous,c. 2 mm thick;endocarp brittle, c. I mm thick,lacking a rhomboidstony layer; placental mass textureand colour unknown. Fully matureseeds unknorvn.

.TERRIToRY. Additi()nqlspecimenseranlriccl( 15). NoRTHERN DARWIN & cUI,F DISTRICT:Top ofridge,Jabiluka Outlier, E of'Ja Ja'campsite, Magela Creek, l2'3I'S, I32'54'E,4Sep 1979'Puttock S523& Marray (LII.JSW);Bulilumbu creek, on top ofJabilukaoutlier, 27 July 1980,Puttock uNSW 'Mudginberry'homestead,4July LINSW10240 & I/arerhorse(uNSW);c.4miles [c.7km]NNEof 1972, kuaric|es7 527(CANB);ditto, ?528(cANB):KakaduNationalPark, Gulungul Creek, Radon Gorge,4 km wSw ofMt Brockman.12"45,S' I32.55.E'24 Apr.1910,Te\ftrd,l887 & ||rigley(CBG);EastAlligator r

aruu.1aqtlo ,(a,uns lulr;olorq V'e;prqrng V VTselll,^{c t:r.i7{11eauua;1;tr's:loeC S V:(SL6I J) aat sturld urrlpJtsnvquoN'rauupH l :(896t) Sot puel uequrv ot uottrPadxarulluetf,s uull€Jlsnv 'proJ 'l 'l -uEf,ueuvequo p.rore! lunol^ld JTlqiads d.r.{lqreds u:(0961)zzI rro lul]snv Id unug '(!-a6l) 'reuplEC l6trlrrtsnV ure1se161ouori irlrcqurr) saloulDf,ruElo€ V J:(/l6l)/SZtuotursJ 'ser uraquo N eq].]ouroll ^uo go?ue^\E f v:(rsor7sr./o-)(0061)8s/:cProllpuelsuaanoaql '(lf,o nds/./D/1.rsrr.r'O=)(0681)S:Illng'log',{alr€gt{C:(6881)SZIld'lurlsny snsueJ lsfg puoce5 :(a881)tt ld leJlsnVsnsu.Jls^S'rallanl,{ J:(/981)601:t lcrlsnv ll'tuuqtuc8 C atuo.tdttlnqlo

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RegentRiver Reserve63 ( t 975) ( = G. gardneri): J.W. Creen'Census ofthe vascujar Plantsof western Australia97 ( I981):K. Brcnnan,Vy'ildflowers ofKakadu 57, fig 93 (1986);W.R. Elliot & D.L. Jones, EncyclopediaofAustralianPlants 4:333 (1986);J. Brock, TopEnd Nativc Plants I94 ( 1988);J.W.Wriglcl' & M. Fagg,Australian Nativc Piants, 3rd edn 489 ( 1988);C l" Puttocklr: J.R.Wheeler el a/, Floraof theKimbcrley Region 910 (1992).

Gardenia foveolotq R. Br. herh.

Small/,'ee to 7 m high: trunk at breast height to 200m m diamcter',4/t to 25mm thick,furfuraceous, lightgrey mottledochrcto rusty yellow; outerbark layeredwithpale brown blaze; inner bark blaze cream Abodbrittle, creamto white. Lear,lttigs 6-9 mm in diameter,tomcntose, not coveredin rcsin. Sliprrles bullet-shaped,not mammilliform,8-15 mm long, 6-9 mm wide, tomentose;colleters lanccolate. 0.46-1.0 mm long,0.1-0.l4mmwide.Leaves opposite, coriaceous, m idto grcygreen above and below' with verydense short hairs. hoary to tomentoseipctiole(3) l0- 15 mm long,3-5 mm widc;lamina broadly ellipticto suborbiculate,I 00-220 mm long.85 - I 80rnm wide with a cordatc to obtuse base and obtusc apex; sccondaryvcins l0 to l2(14) pairs,40-60'to the midveinrvith weak intersccondaryveins; teniar} venation\veakly percurrent, opaque; ciliated pit domatialarge and conspicuous F/.)]a?,'r tomentose to subglabrous;pedicel 10to l5 mm long. Hypanthiuml2-17 mm long.ridges abscnt. Calyx6- or 7-mcrous;tubec),lindrical, 8- l2 mm long,with coriaceouslobe-ridges; lobes poorly dcveloped, linear. I 0-30rnm long,latcrally flattcned. 2-3 mm wide. Corolla7- or 8-merous;tubetubaeform, | 5-25rnm long' c. 3 nrmdiameler at the base, c. 6 mm diametcrin th€ upperpart, subglabrous outside, hairy inside; lobcs elliptic,l2-24 mm long,6-12 nm wide, glabrous.,4 r/r.,"r 4-5mm long,attached c 2 mm fromtheir apices, insencd2-3 mm belou, thc sinuses ofthe corolla lobes, partially inc luded, the tips excceding the corolla tubeby c. I mm. .st_}]/cI 7-25 mm long,exceeding the corolJa tube by severalm illimclre s; stign]atic lobes 3 to 5 mm long.Ovary with 4 or 5 placcntas.I rtllnanowly obovoidto shortlyfusiforrn.35-70 mm long. 25-35mm diametcr,smooth (rvith longitudinal reticulate striations when dry), glabrescent' gradualil taperinginto arobustpedicel 10- I 5 mm Jonglcalyxtubeoftcn persistent with several lobesto 20 mm long, erecl;exocarp pale greenrvhilst dcveloping, yellorv when mature;mesocat1r ouler part u'ith manr longitudinalfibres. 3-4 mrn thick; insidc interlocking ston€s fused to cndocarp,4-5mm thick;placental massmallcable. brown. Seeair 4.6-6.4 mm diameter.L4- 1.9 mm thick;hilumoccupying one third io one jnner halfofthc perimeter;seed coat brown, exotcstal cells sinuate in outline.thickening of tangentiai andlower Dart ofradial $'alls reticulate.

AdditionaLspecimens exanined (61). WESTERNAUSTRALIA GARDNER DIS'l'RICT: (.arson "fheda' Escarpment,34km Il ofncw homestead,l'1'47'S. 126"48'E,26 July 1917 ,Telford6l53 & Butier (CANB,CIIG. DNA. l)llRTU)lPseudomysHills, Drysdale RiverNationalPark. l5'17'S. 127'12'8,8 Aug. l9'75,Kenneally4075(PERTH): upperslopesofCockbum Range, l5'52'S. 128'06'8.l6Mar ' 1978,Harrlq' 1,1607(CANB). NORTHIIRNTERRITORY.VICTORIA RIVERDISTRICT: nearBrowniesCreek.22 km Wof SandyCreek, victodaHwy, 15'42',S,I 30'07',E, 17 JulyI987, Prtroc,t UNSW 20702 (UNSW). DARWIN&GUt.F DIS-l'RICT:3miles L5 kml W of BathulstIsland Mission. I l'45'S, 130'40'E.l7Nov 1g'/3-Ste\)cnsan s.n. (DNA): PortDarwin, Mar.-June 1870, Sc,r/t:556 (K):ditto, Junc I 870.Scftrll:70j (K):Danvin.l2Nov. 1914,Hll/s.n. (MEL6l 1503);ditto,1914. Hi// s.n. (MEL1036'74);Escape ClifIi' Port Darwin. withoutdatc or collcctor(M El- I 03675); rocky ground near Darwin, w ithoutdatc, .t i/e,?'106 (NSW):LcePoint- Buffalo Crcck, Darwin. 12"20'S, 130'54'E, l8 July198'7, PttttockUNSW20Tl 8(UNSW). PIot12.Mcivilielsland.Il'30'S.Ii1"00'E,22Nov. l966,Srotes747& Ii-'x(DNA); Stapleton' 5Nov l9l4, Hitt s.n.(MEL 1036'77);Cunn Pointarea, 12" l0'S, 131'03'8,9 N ov 1978,Rankin l5'l3 (DNA);Naffamoor Bitlabong,S ofArnhcm H\\'y,May l918,Ilehb 12212& Trace,- (IIRI ): 8 milesI l3 km] NW ofAdelaide Rivertownship.Marrabai rd, 13 Nov. 1971, McKean 853 (CANB, DNA):3 miles [5 km] E ofAdelaideRiver, 'uor8a:aq11noq€norqt spuelpoo,lt ucdo aql ul selcedsuotutuoc pue pea-rdsepr,t y snJnlsuotlDMasuo)

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cllrjlsnv urelsa,\\-q!ou pu€ rlr.rllrou '.]lorl otuaryDr) -Io uorsr^ar v l.ollnd rI:l Nu)rsiavol. ll, No.2 (1997)

Figurc 5. l)istribution ot Gardenia gtldneri ^nd G kakaduensis.

Figurc 6 Djslribution ol Gadenid negaspern.t Ellptuoplalrod pilerllo:sJrEd €I ol / sure,\/OepuoJes :oseq lueJlnJap ol esntqopue xede esnlqo ue qlr,tr 'epr,r '6uo1 'atu^oqo '6uol r.uLu1g-1 rurui9-g I orr1e roqo ,il,notrru eul ruE I :ep I \r tul,uZ- I luurg-Z salotled :snoJq€l6qnsol snoeruos{lauu'slr€q poqs fue,t asuepqlrM'snoateuoa,{1urql 'rlrsoddo sa,roaT 'epr,r uru| I 6 r'3uo1ruru g g-t 0'eleloeJuslsratelloJ :8uol Lutu g-t'pedeqs1e1lnq sa7rir14s' leleu€rp tuu(E)Z-IsBr,tr1tr{oa7u€arr ol,trolla{'aiD'':.qpooll uel ?zelql lEq Jeuul :ez€lq u€l qlr,tr pera,(e1yeq 'snocteJnjlnJ'qloouts 'Icrql rotno:Molle{eJqJo palUour {ar8 tqFrl Luur0I ()1,,/pgSurpuerds seqruerq 'ra,// :rillttuelpuul 0EI ot lqBraqtseuq telunJl :llEtru !-ol Ilsus ro qnrqssnonproap .{1e,rqe11nou3

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'(11g 'rrleJlsnV ;prleuBtsapereU - opal) wotlSutuun) f/ uolsa/A 'l).lls 'punos rCrcupJzC )ro^:r./C (/9gl)60t:t leJtsnvLl'Lltuagxa uunJ'y s[u.ro;r.r,{du;uapleg

'' twtn/i.t(J Dpuu112D.|t|.,\a 'Dso 'EXEI lsat [) Surpnl?ur teqlo ol p.uruuclcp MoueJe Dtuladso8aw auapfiD se (9761).raupreg '€rl€JtsnV ,iq prlrc suerurcedsuorlurlsnV ruclsey'A llE urelsey'Aur rncro scopsetceds eq1 qBnoqlly

'ueLurf,eds Suucl\ou e Jo sel€alSuno( eql seqr.rcsepen8ololord 8ur{ucduroJceeqt puu ueunads Surtrnrjejo se^calatnlllLu aqucscp ol sreedde(gEg1 re11en1,1) 'uosrJs uorlducsuncJrreq.l. 1e,neq1 Burrnp pol€lltul sa^Eol cqlJo ezrseql ur€ll€lou op'uoscesftp 'so^Dal .{1.releq1 3ur.Inp pelerlrur {lqerunsetd ralu.l srrradssrql;og lurrdfl edeqsrrlntrqroqns cql ol ernlelupu€ puDdxe olsqluoru lEJeAes a)lul seAEoloqJ selndrls eql uo:j eSjeuraol urBeq se,teal 3uno,{ eq1 ucdo sle,lloUeql sV ruroJspnqre^\oLl uaq.r sscgeelileleld uroc{llunsn srourarlsoBaw otuaptog

'1erra1eurd,(1u,(s (112 -Iahtr {lqeqord)elqelrere eql uor-} edfloll.l sepeloeles sr tl?ueur..ds E'(888 I ) Iellentr1,(que,r.r3.,!r luooq rsrcerdeqt qll,r ueturradsu.lo raucsqEeqt ul sel9ld,ilror ur ueqlsureld fpues uo punog,{luoruuoc 'cr.rludur,is orotusr le ql ,uurdrnN'ara1; srI q8noqllu lre serredso,tr1eq1 eurl eurDseql lEpequJsap eq qlrq,'ll'Dsor-lrsr./2 pue owtadsn1aul CJoseqllpool 3ur1te11oc puu lur.raleLu eql pesnJuoJtolcnl,! !!.re,\r puolJrA tEt{lfloIII srll peturolu:roq o^u q U eqtJpeu settlld ,{I.or ur,,,{tr Iecol cd,{t s, cnSololord 'suorlf,elloc dtll ql i\Dtu,tadsDBaMDuapr2f) pelrlouup uolllpedxg ,(JoBeJgo N saloupun uctrloct/idI1

's1alr{JueJq pelelol-urserJoccuesq€ oqt puDseAEcl relncrqroqns e8rel s1r ,{q tegul 'slrnr-J 'runluerunpur 'sclorlcd eql tuo{ puu petp8uolaluacselqolF puu fla^le^ uoqs eqt,{q ;euro3 aq1 uro4 sJcJJIplr lnq ptoutsat !)puvtlz)o,1tryrs.) ol pel€lel Flasol::st nwtadsoBatuotuapLog satltul/ft

u\ auoN atunu tDln)Dutd/1

'sar reds srrluo (strn-Uro) spease8ie[ ,{le^rleJpdruoJ aql ol s]oJer ,owrads-DBatu, ]€qttde eqJ- ASololutlq

nrlPrlsnv uralse,rl-quou puD uraqtrou wlJll DtuaptDt.lo uorsrlol v Iaollnd NuttsiaVol ll, No 2 (lqa?) small,usually consp icuous. F/ol,er.s scriceous to subglabrousonpedicels2-8 mm long Hyp.rnthiun 2-4mm longr.vith shallow ridges, sometimcs absent. (.'.rtr 5- or6-merous; tube cylindrical to turbinate, 2-I 0 mm long,chartaceous occasionally on ly splitting along I or 2 linesbetween the thinly coriaccous lobe-ridges;lobcs linear, 2- l I mm long,laterally flattened, c. I mm wide Colo//a6- to 8-merous'tube tubaeform,l0- 18 mm long,2-3 mm diameterat the base, 4-5 mm diameterin theupper part, sericeous outside,hairy inside;lobes ovatc, 6- l0 rnm long,5- I 0 mm wide,sericcous to subglabro]usAnthers .1-7mm long,attached 3-4 mm fromtheir apices, inserted 3-5 mm belowthe sinuses ofthe corolla lobes, mostlyincluded, the tips €xceeding the corolla tube by c. I mm. Slir/el0-22 mm long,scarce ly exceeding thecoro lla tube; stigmatic lobes 3 to 5. 5-8 mm long.Ovary with (?3)4of 5 placentas.Frril sphericalto ovoid,10-30 mm long,13-25 mm wide, smooth (smooth orstriate when dry), taperingornottapering into thepediccl; pedicel slender 2- 12mm long;calyxremnantacylindricalto tulbinatetube with sevcral lobes, 4- I I mm long,erect or rotate;exocarp pale green whilst developing, yellow whenmature; mesocalp parenchymatouswith fcw sclereidstriations; endocarp bony, compact,2-3 mm thick,placenta) mass malleable, pink. seer/s3.6-4.5 mm diameter,1.3- 1.7 mm thick: hilum occupying one third to onehalfof thc perimeterof seed:seed-coat reddish brown; exotcstal cells sinuate in outline,thickening of inner tangentialandlorver part ofradial walls reticulate.

phenologt. Floweringrecorded from December,March andJuly. Flo*ers are mildly perfumed.Fruit prcsentfbr mostofthe year.

Dtymology. p1,r(ornis (pear-shaped)is more characteristicofdried immaturefiuits (i. e., thoseofthe typecollcction); mature ftuits are usually ovoid.

Vernacularnane. L)alwarror l)u lwurr ( Bardi name)

A/linities. This speciesis cJoselyrelated to Gadeniu Jiucicola from which it dilfers by its finely tomentoseleaves, and more distantly to G./icatawhich differsby itsnarrorvly oblong to narrorvlyelliptic leavesand largerfruits.

'l'he No/e.r.A highly variablespecics including at leasttwo subspecies. leavesof subsp.pyriJormis fromthe Bungle Bungle Ranges and adjacant Northern Tenitory have a sericeousindum€ntum and ale atthelower end ofthe sizerange. The leaves tcnd to becomeprogressively larger to thenorth-west (i. e. Mitchell PlateauandYork Sound).Subspecie spyriy'rrzls has slender pedicels that do not tapelinto thefruit. subspecics keartlandiifrofnthe Dampier Peninsula west to LegrangeBay haslarger flowers than svbsp.pyr iformrs,and the fruit andleaves are similar to thoseofG. reilro.td subsp.kimherleyens is.

Gardeniapyriformis subsp. pyriformis

Liteftrture.C.F.P]tlocklr.J.R.Wheelerela/.,FloraoftheKimberlel'Region9ll'fig281A(1992)

Garclenia?resinosdA.S.George & K.F.Kenneally /n: J.F.Miles & A.A. Burbidge,A biologicalsurvey ofthe PrinceRegent River Reserve 63 (1915)Pro parte(ASC 12805).

Smalllree. Leqb)tr't igs |-2mmin diameter.,S/4?r/es 3-8 mm long leavesdull darkgreen to mid green, sericeousto minutelyhairy; laminanarrowly obovate to obovate,l8-64 mm long,7-37 mm wide; secondaryveins (9)10 to l3 pairs. Hltpanthiumridges absent. Calyx tubecylindrical to turbinate, 2- l0 mm long,chartaceous, usually only splitting along I or2 linesbetweenthin coriaceous lobe-ridges; lobeslinear.2- I I mm iong.Corolla tube 10- 14 mm long,sericeous;lobes ovate,6- l0 mm long,5- 10 mm wide. Anthers5-6mmlong. Sry/e J0- l5 mm long.Frrlrovoid, l5-22(27)mmlong, l3- 16(20)mm wide, '(eV 'erl€Jlsnv :olotl) u spuolttoax V D' L6gI ^renuef uralsalAlf,ulsrC ierdueq'uorlrpedxgSuuoldxg ue^leJ'[Ieer31eru3rey1 qlt,t uoqcunlreeu]te,trX iotztrg.ad(1 (t691)91:17erlu4snVqlnoscos FoU da1 cordT' sueJl'eteI tryuoluoaloluapnD

'tou JDlslagr4or'ltroUnd (clpl) rrpuullreal .dsqnssrruro3rr,{d eruep,reg

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'I.oltnd ell?rlsnv urrls..r-quou pue uraquou wcll DtuapDr.Jo uorsr^arv :IJ Nu_vlsiavol. ll, No. 2 (1997)

Otherliteleture.C.A. Gardner, Enum. Pl. Austral. Occ. 122(1930);J.W.Green,CensusoftheVascular Plantsof WestcmAustralia 97 ( I 98,.

Gardeniapantoni F. Mueller,Trans. & Proc.Roy. Soc. Austral. (Vict. Branch)3-4:80 (188l') nomen: J.G.O.Tcpper, Trans. & Proc.Rcp. Roy. Soc. South Australia 17:18 (1893) nonen.

Gardeniapantonii F. Mueil. er W.V. Fitzgerald,J. & Proc.Roy. Soc. Western Australia 3: 109 ( l9l g); C.A.cardner, Botanicalnotcs. Kimberley Region ofwestem Australia 92 (1923), Enum. pl. Aushal. Occ. 122( | 930). 7.1.,pe:Roebuck Bay, Dampier District, Westcm Australia, Oct ober 1889.J. W.O. Teoper 4g (/ecto- herechosen: MEL).

Gurdeniasp. l. Jessop(ed.), Flora ofCentral Australia 284 ( 198I).

' Gardeniupyriformis subsp. A, C.F. Puttock /r J.R. Wheeler e1.r/., Flora ofthc KimberlcvResion 9 I I (r992).

Low shrubto smallI ree. Leafy tv,igs2-3 mm in diameter.^Strpales 3-8 mm long.Leares m id green, m inutelyhairy to subglabrous;lamina 3 2-5 8 mm long,I I -24m m wide;sccondary vcins 7 to 9(I 0) pairs. I lypanthiumwilhshallorvridges. Czrl,y,rtube cylindrical,4-8 mm long;lobes4- l0 nm long.Corolldtube l5-22mmlong;Iobesovatc. T-l0mm long,5-7mm rvide,subglabrous. Anthers 6-'l mm long..S/t/e 16-2lmmlong.Fruitovoid,22-30mm long, 13- l6(20) mm diameter, smooth (becoming striate when dry), abruptlylapering into a slendcrpcdicel,5- i0 mm long;calyx cylindricalwith lobes 5- I I mm long,rotate.

,4dditiondlspecimens examined(34). \NESTDRN AUSTRALIA. cARDNER DISTRICT:Kunnunya, nearCardenSound, l5'03'S, 128'07'E. l3 Aug.1967,Ga ner22238 (PERTH). DAMPIERDlSTRICT:50 miles [80 km]NE of'Callawa', 27 Apr.1964, Beard326t (pERTH);,Natgi,,80 M ileBeach, 3 July1941 , llurbridge1330 (PERI H); I I km W ofGreatNorthemI lwy, on trackto False CapcBossut, I 8'03'S, l2 1"05'8,7July 1987, Pa,oc,( UNSW 206 t5 (UNSW);ditto,prirroci L,TNSW206I 6 (UNSW);betu,eenRadiIIills and'WallalDowns',9 May 1965,Beaz./4057 (pER'l H);Mt phire,c. 50 miles .44'E, [c.80 km] E ofAnnaPlains, Aug. 1963,Butler s.n. (PERTH); i 8.44,S,12l t879,f orrest& Carey .r./?.(M EL 103686);t.egrange Elay, 1879, Forest& Careys.a(MEL 103673);Lcgrange Bay, J884,1'arron s.r. (MEL 10367| ); RocbuckBay.()at. l889,Teppel 48 (MEL), Ganthcaumepoint, Broome, 17.59'S, 122'| 1'E,2,1Sep. 1959, Lazarides65'7 5 (BRl,NSW, MEL, PERTH);Broome,New Jettyarea, TAug. 1965, BeaugleholeACBI12,14 (PER I H);Broomc, Apr.l905,Fit.geral/s. z. (PER1H 133);Broomc,Nov. 1922, Oncas. z. (PERTfl 652):Broome, Jan. 1933, l/lse s.r. (PliRTII); Broome,3 May 1944,Gardnerj03./ (PIiR'lH); ditto,Gurdner 7038 (PERTII); Broome, June I 968,r(err 828l, Webb& Trace.y(CANB); WonganutSpringCreek, l9 km ESEofCoulombPoint, DampierPeninsula, 17"25'S 122"20,8, I 8 June 1984. Rrhes237 | (MF.L.NSW);Wonganut Spring Creek, | 8 Junel 984,Kenneal|9048(pERTl l);24 km due Il olJamesPricc Poinr,11"29'30"S,)22"22'30"8, I 8Junc 1984, Forbe's 23 58 (MEL,NSW);24km E ofJames I'ricePoint. I 7'30'S 122'23'E,I 8 June1984. Kerrc,a//y 9037 (PERTH);61 .6 km N ofBroomeon Cape Levcclucroad, I 7"29'S122'2611,20 June l98l, Kcnneully7615 (t)tsRTl I);49 miles [19 km] EofBroomc, 28 May I 967.,Scr-r,ar.gcourl9 l3 (PERTII);7 km SWofMartins Wcll, Dampierland, 16.36,S. 122.47'8,26 Apr. 1977,Kcnncullr6209 (PERTll); Balk Borcat headofPcnder Bay, Dampier peninsula, 16.49,S, 122"52'F.,lle.y.sunth6(PERTH);50 m iles [80 krn I Ii ofBroome.17.50'S, 123.00,F],24 M ay 1961, By.nes366 (DNA); Juwon,N sidcol'Curlew Bay, Darnpier Peninsu la, 16.24'S, 123.01,8,25 Apr. t985..Snl/r 85.29 (PIiR l tl); (SitcD2) Redl)une ncar Edgar Range. I 8.55'S,t2j. t 5'E, I I Aug. 1976,Keirneol/y 5881 (l)trR-ffI); R2,Iidgar Rangc sitc, SE ofBroome, 18.49'S, 123" l7'E-j Aug.t9j6, Kenneaiir,5522(pERTH)t (SiteD l) RedDune near Edgar Range, I 8'53'S.123'43'lt, l2 Aug.1976, Kenneallv 5602 (ptiRTH);Goody r

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5-8mm long,4-7mm wide,subglabrous. .1rlre,'.t 4-5 mm long.Slv/e 12- I 8 mm long.Frril spherical, l0- l6 mm diameter,smooth (becoming striate when dry), abruptlytapering into apedicel slender 2-5 mm long;calyx cylindrical with lobes4-5 mm long,linear, erect.

Addition ll specimensr:xarrlned(13). NORIHERN TERRITORY.BARKLY'I ABLELAND DISTRICl': 'McArthur 30miles [50 km] Sof River',24July 1948,PerT^ 1698 (BRI, CANB): Sandstone ridges ofthe ClydeRiverarea, c. 304km EN E ofNewcastleWaters,c. l6'30'S, 136'01'E,4Sep. 1971, Crl,r. r. (BRI,DNA); McArthurR iver area, l6'16'S, 136"04'E, l2Feb.1916,Craven3890 (CANB);CaranbiriniCreek, 16" I 7'S, 136"04'E.4June1971, La1: 1437 (BRI, DNA, PERTH); Sandstone hills, SettlementCreek, Nov. 1923, Brars 383(BRI.CANB); QUEENSLAND.BURKE DISTRICI':HellsGate arca, S ofWestmoreland, l7'02'5, 138'02'E,24July 1987, 'wcsrmoreland' Prittoc.kUNSW207,15 (UNSw);16.0 km SEof turnofion Burketown- wollogorangroad, DilldollRock, | 7'27'S,138'20'8. l2 Nov. I982,Prlroc,tUNSW 14408 & SrGeor.ge (UNSW); HelJs Gate, 'Westmoreland', betweenDoomagee and l7'28'5, 138'22'E,9 May 1974,Pullen 9172 (CANB). 'Cliffdale'turnoffon 2 kmN Wof Burketown- Wollogorangroad,l7'32'S, 138'24'8,12Nov.1982,Puttock UNSw 14403& Sl George(UNSW);ditto, Prl/ock UNSw 14404& SrGeorge (l,NSW);300 m below $,atefalls,Lawn I IillGorge,17 krn W ofAdel'sGrove, I 8'43'S,138'29'E,23 Nov. 1982,Pallocl tjNSW 14477& StGeorge(llNSW);LawnHillCreekGorge, l Tkm WofAdcl's Grove, 18o43'S, 138'29'E,23 Nov. 1982,Pattoc& UNSW 14482& StGeorge(IJNSW); rocky c)ifls andbanks, Adcl's Grove via Camooweal. l7 Feb.1948, de leslorf40l (BRl).

Distribut ion .1nd hablal. This taxon grows on sandstoneoutcropping in theLawn Hill areao fwcstcm Quecnslandand rvcstwards to theWalls ofChina at the eastcm edge ofthe BarklyTableland. Northern 'ferritory. (Figure7)

Phenologt. Floweringis known liom Sept€mberto November.Flowers are m i)dly perfumed.Fruits are presentfor mostofthe dry season.

Conser|qtion stcttus.Widcspread in arid country and not under threat.

'ol,r"r/.r1ls' Etfmologl Named on accountthat it is the most easternsubspecies.

Verrutcularnames. Nonc known.

Note. Subspecies orienlalls d iflers tiom subsp.pyriJbrmis by the lcngth o f the pedicel, the erectcalyx spursand slightly smaller flowers and differing flowering time. It isseparatedfrom the othersubspecies by a 600km disjunction.

G ardenia resinosaF. Muell., Fragm. I :54( I 858). Ilpe: banksofthe VictoriaRivcr,V ictoria River District, Northern Tcnitory, Decembcr I 855, F. Mueller s.n.(lecto - heredesignated: Mlll. 5983 54).

Otherliterature. G. Bentham,Fl. Ausbal.3:408 ( I 867);F.Mucllcr. Syst. Census Austral. Pl. 74 ( I882), J. & Proc.Roy. Soc.Ncw SouthWales 14: 90 (1880),Second Syst. CensusAustral. Pl. 125(1889); A.J.Ewad & O.B.Davies. Flora oftheNorthcm Tenitory 257 ( l9l7);W .V.Fitzgerald, J. & Proc.Ro). Soc.Westem Australia 3: 109 ( l9l 8) [DillenSprings = G.pyrlbnz rs];C.A. Gardner,Enum. Pl. Austral. Occ. I 22 ( I 930); R.L. Specht,Records ofthe American-Australian expedition to theArnhem Land 3 05 (1958):J.W.Green, Ccnsus ofthe Vascular Plantsof Westem Australia9T ( 1981);W.R. Elliot& D.L.Jones. EncyclopediaofAustralianPlants4:334 ( 1986);C.R. Dunlop, ChccklistofVascularPlants oftheNorthem 7

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'Irolln(l trlrrlsnv uritsi^l-quou pu? urilJlou rL(rrl Dlua4Dt Jo uolsl^ar v NuytsiaVol. ll, No 2 (1997)

As notedin theMaterials and methods section, it is now apparentthat the calyx morphology is not a reliablecharacter in somespecies. However, the key to Gardeniain Bentham(1867) and its later extractions(Bailey 1900, Ewart & Daviesl9l7), utilizethis character as the first step in thekey and it is from this characterth at conlusion in the determination ofspecies has largeJy arisen . Oardenia resinctsa is onesuch species; in thc samepopulations the calyx tube may be weJlformed with prominentcalyx spursor the spursmay be abscntand the tube splitting dou,n one side. 1 he calyxtube of the lectotype lacksspurs. Large-leavedresinous specimens without calyx spurs,however, are almost invariably G. resinosa,thus the possibleconfusion of thc type specimenof G. resinosawith specimensof G. megaspermaand G. e arlli (both not resinous)is elinlinated.

On specimenswith dricd fruits it is virtually impossibleto distinguishGardenid rcsinosa tiom G. ewartii. Gardeniq resinosais alsoproblematic because of itswide range of variationin leafshape. In the Katherine area large-leavedspecimens indicate possible intermediates wtth G. ewartii, in thc westem part of th€ Gardner District the small-leavedG. reslnosasubsp. kimberleyensis approaches G.pyri/brnis subsp.keq lqndii. In the field C. reslrosa is readily d istinguishable from both O. e ?,./ii andG.p,ri/brnisby itsresinous buds and leaves, and its nanow leafy twigs bearing large green rugulose fruit. ln the regionswhcre G. reslnosais sympatricwith (;. nchwarzii and G. e\rdrtii,G. /e.tiro.t.rhas rich chocolate-brownbark.

Gardenia resinosasubsp. rcsinosa

Smallrrecrvithlealynvigs I -2(3)mmin diameter.Slrpaler conical, not mammillifbrm,(5)8- l7 mm long. I.eare.s$,ith petiole 8-22(30) mm long,I -(2)mm;laminaovatc toclliptic,30-80(90)mm long, l5-50(70)mm rvidewith an obtuseto cordatebasc and acute to obtuseapex, secondary veins 8 to I I pairs. F/oy,ers asdcscribed for specics.Fral 30-5 0 mm long,2 5 -3 5 mm in diameter, gradually tapering into a robust pedicelI 0-35 mm long;calyx persistent in morerobust spccimens. the chartaceou stube splitting along I or2 lines,bcaring severalto 6(7) lobes,2- l0 mm long,unequaland oltcn rveakly developed, spreading.

,lcldi/iona!specimens exanined(44).\NES fllRN AUSTRALIA.GARDNERDISTRICT: I I miles[ 17.7 kml N E ofKalumburuM ission,3 Sep.1954, Spec& 4896 (CANB)i Kalumbaru,6lan.1974,Cruwlbrd51 (PERTH);ditto, I I Jan.1974,Crauford1 5 (PERTH);S ofKalumburu,30 Oct. 1976, .lohnson26 (PERTI l), .2 I .7knl E fromjunction with Kalumburu road, I 6'02'S,I 26'40'E,13 hly 198'7, Puttock UNSW20675(UNSW): Gibb River road,37.3 krn E fromjunctionwithKalumburu road. l6'00'S, 126"48'8. 'Durack l3 July1987 , Puttoc&UNSW 20676 (UNSW)l L0 km Ii ofJacksHolc Homestead. River',Gibb 'Durack Rivcrroad,15"57'S, 127'13'E, l4 July1987, Pzrttock UNSW 20687 (UNSW); River',l0 kmNNE ofDurackRivercrossing on Ellenbrae-Wyndhamroad, 1973, Kl6rclr 33(PERTH);headwaters ofNyia Creek,15"26'S. 127"20'E.20 Mar. 1978.Hartley14727 (CANB, PERTII);S bascofWtKing, Durack Rangc, l7"20'5,127"22'E,2.4Ocll9'74,Rodd2E60(l',lSW);'Karun jie', Oct.-Nov. 1954, Rttst8K(CANB, PERTH); 'Springvale', 29miles [46.7krn]NWof l6 Apr.1955,Lazurides 5072 (CANB, NSW, PERTH): MtNyulasy. 12.6kIn N ofl urkeyCreek, l6'45'S, 128'1 7'll. l6 July1987, Prtrock UNSW 20692 (UNSW);c. 58 miles Ic.94 kmlN of KununurraIvial Ninbing & Carlton,2Nov. 1969.Lt lft.18& MdcKerie(CANB, DNA, PtsR'lH);Ord Rivcr Dam site,7 June 194,1, Garrl,er7368 (PERTH); Kimberlite Pipe Gap, athead ofsmoke Creek,SW ofl-ake Argyle, l6'45'5, 128'30'8,6May 1980,Weston 12324 (PERTtl); headwatcrs of Packsaddle Creek. northcrn Carr Boyd Range. | 5"56'S, 12 8'40'E, 8 M ar. I 978,H,rr'l1el 143 92 (CAN B, PI]RTH). NORTHERNTERRIIORY. VICTORIA RIVERDISTRICT:range Sof-f imberCreek, I5'40'S, 130'27'8, 6 May 1988,Ililson 190Ll .Jacob.r (BRI, DNA, NSW);rocky places, without date, Maellers. z. (K);banks ofthe VictoriaR iver, $'ithout date. ryle//er s. r. (M EL)I SeaRange, [22-24] Dcc. 1855, Mueller s. n. (K). DARWIN&cULF DISTRICT:8miles [ 12.9km]E ofAnson Bay,Aug. 1946, Dia*ei.r. (BRI); l4.l miles 7

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nrlr:D(nv urrl\rs-quou lur urrqu,'u \|a\ Dtu.lrrpt) JU urir\r\rj b lrrlrn(t NultsiaVol ll, No 2 (looi)

GardeniaresinosaF.Muell. subsp. A, C.F.Puttock 1n. J.R. Wheelereta/., Flora ofthe Kimberley Region 913,fig.281B (1992).

Smalllree with leafytwigs l -2 mm diameter..sl?r/esbullet-shaped, mammilliform,3-6 mm long,not resinous. Leaveswith petiole4-12 mm long, 1-(2)mm; laminaconcolorous, narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate,30-?0 mm long, l2-33 mm wide, with an obtuseto decurrentbase and obtuseapex; secondaryveins 7 or 8 pairs.F/owers unknown. Frlll30-35 mm long,20-28mm in diameter,gradually taperinginto arobustpedicell0-15 mm long;calyxpersistent ornot, the crateriform tube withoutribs or lobes,chartaceous and splitting along I or 2 linesofweakness. (Puttock 1992: Figure 281B)

Additional specimensexamined(14).WESTERN AUSTRALIA GARDNER DISTRICT:Blyxa Creek, PrinceRegent River Reserve, l5'48'S,125'20'E,21 Attg.l914,George 12517 (PERTH);Bushfire Hill, PrinceR€g€nt River Reservc, I 5"28'S, 125'3 9'E, l5 Aug.I 974,George 12314 (PERTH); Surveyors V ine 'Ihicket. MitchellPfateau, l4'45'S, 125"40'E, I 8 June 1976, Kenneally5ll6(PERTH);nearMitchellRiver Falls,14"49'S, 125"40'E, l3 Sep.1978, Beard8305 (PERTH); Surveyon Poolroad, 14"41'S, 125"44'8, 18 Aug. 1919,Done 53 (DNA); Patchvine thicket,Mitchell Plateau, 14"56'5, 125"4'7'8,20 May 1978, Kenneally6146(PERTH);l4km fromCrystalCreek, Wofcrystal Head,c l4'3 5'S,125'47'E, l2 Jul.yl987, Pznoc&LNSW20666(UNSW);CrystalCreek area, 1.2km W ofbay,WofCrystalHead, 14'29'5, 125'48'8, 12 Jdy 1987,Puttoci UNSW20665 (LNSW):30.5 miles [49. ] km]liom DrysdaleRivercrossingtowards 'Gibb WoorakinCreek, l7 Aug.1969,Mains.n. (PERTH);?2 milcs Il 16km] NNWof River"7 Sep.1954' .Spec*4964A(CANB);34 km N of'DrysdaleRiver', Kalumburu road, l5'25'S,126" 1 8'E, I I July 1987, l'rl/ocLUNSW2064l(UNSw); l6kmN of'DrysdaleRivcr', Kalumbururoad, l5o5l'S, 126"21'E' 1I July 1987,Prroctt-]NSW20642 (UNSW);3 miles [5 km]Sof'Gibb River',3 Oct l968,Baa,ts B 14094(CANB); DromaiusCreek, Drysdale RiverNationalPark, 15"16'S, 126'43'E,4 Aug. l975,Geolge 13268 (PERTH); NymphaeaCreek, Drysdal€ River National Park, 14"49'5, 126'55'8, 13 A.og.1915, Kenneall)) 4287 (PERTH). I ntergrqdes.Cerden ld resino.srrsubsp. { imberleyensis - G pyriformis subsp.kearllardll: WESTERN n USTRALIA. GARDNDRDISTRICI:LennardRiver, 17o02'S,124"00'E, Mar. l922,Edwardssn (PERlt}l.): betweenIsdellRivcr& Station Creek, 16"41'S, 125"00'E, M ay 1905.Fitzgeralds z. (PERTII 1085) FITZCERALD DISTRICT:Sundaylsland, Nov. 1906,Filzgeralds r' (NSW).

Distributionqnd habila/. Widespreadon sandyplains with outcroppingsandstone, supporting open woodlandsbordering deciduous vine thicketsof the Mitchell Plateauarea of westem Austmlia. (Figure8)

Phenologt. Flowers not known. Fruits prcsentfor most ofthe year'

Conservalion st.llus. This subspeciesappears to be widespreadand not under threat

Etymolog/. Named after th€ region in which it is found.

Vernaculatrname. None known.

Noles. lhis subspeciesis notas resinous as the typical subspecies but has sim ilar dark chocolate brown stemsand large fruit. SubspecieskirzDerleyensis is distinguishedfrom it by the small oblanceolate leavesand small stipules. In the southit isnot easilydistinguishable from herbarjummaterial of GardeniQ pedicelofthe ewartiis\tbsp.fitzgerdldli. Generallythe latterhas erect and thicker twigs, with the fruit curved downwards. In contrastG. res,rosa has fruit on stlaight pedicels;their weight and thin twigs Dtouts DtualDa Jo uortnqrlsrc 8 ern8rJ

stsua{auaqwpt.dss,sotrs,r rft.ptD, r

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')i.ollnd srlejlsnv tJjrlsiM-quou pue u.il)liuou wotl D|ua4D, Jo uorsr^:I v j,) Nuylsia vol . N'o. 2 (1q97) makethem appear somervhat pcndulous. Ca)yx spurs and apical hypanthial extensions usually present in G. e$,artiiarc generallyabsent from the fruit ofthis subspccies.

ln thc westempart ofthe GardnerDistrict this subspeciesbecomes almost indistinguishabJe lrom Gardenia pyriJbrmis subsp.kearllandii on vegetativecharacters bccause, in this area and acrossto nofihernDampierland, both taxa have thin twigs and oblanceolate lamina on narrow petiolcs. Ilowcvcr, typical G. pyriJbrnis subsp.keartlandil differs from G. resinosasubsp. kimberleyensis by its el)iptic leavesand much smaller fruit andfrom G. reslrosasubsp. reslnoso by themuch smallcr flowers; thc flowers of subsp.,tir?re,./Elersri are unknown.

Gardeniaschwarzii Puttock. r.)rr. 4o1,.

GardeniapetiolataO. Schwarz,R€pert. Spec. Nov. RegniVeg. 24.100(1921), non. illeg.nonG. petioldtd Farwell,Amer. Midl. Naturalist8:35 ( 1922).lr,pe:Koolpinyah, Darwin & GulfDistrict,Northem Tenitory, without date, F'.tl.K.Bleeser 451 (holo; B - presumeddestroyed). Neo4,pe(here designated):road between3-ways and Gardcn Point, Melville lsland, Darwin & Gulf District,Northem Teritory,23 June l9'7l.M.l.ll. Brooker3l82(neo. DNA 16487;iso:CANB,NSW).

Ciardeniasp. aff. megqspermd Benth., R.L. Specht/r: R.L. Specht& C.P.Mountlord. Record of the American-Australiancxped ition to theArnhem Land 3 05 ( I 958 ).

Facultativelydcciduous smirll lree to 7 m high;trunkat breast height to 250mm diameter,branches spreading.8a,",4 to 25 mm thick,furfuraccous, grey mottled rusty ycllow; outer bark layered, the blaze orange:inncr bark blazetan. ll oodbrittle, cream.LeLiy t\rigs 3 -5 mm in diameter,glabrous, not resinous. Srrpale.rconical, elongatc mammilliform, 5-7(10) mm long,3-5 mm wide,minutely hairy: colleters lanceolate,0.4 5-0.97 mm Iong,0.2-0. l5 mm widc. ler,'r,e.ropposite, m id green, slightly paler belorv. w ith scatteredminutehairs: petiole | 5-35mm long,2-3mm wide;laminaovatetooblanceolate, T0-140 mm long, 20-50(1 I 0) mm w ide,with a decuffentto obtusebase and obtuse apex; sccondary veins 9 to l2 pairs. 45-50oto themidvein with weakintersecondary veins; tertiary venation weakly percurrent; ciliated pit domatialargc and conspicuous. fTou,ers 6 or7-merous, tomentose to subglabrous;pediceI 5-l2 mm long. Hypanthiun 5-1mm long,ridges absent. C-aly; tube cratcriform,2-3 mm long,with coriaceouslobe- ridges;lobes linear, I 8-23mm long,latcrally flattened. 2-3 mm rvide.Corol/a tube tubaeform, I 5 -3 2 mm long,c. 3 mm d iameterat the base, c. 6 mm diameterin theupper part. subglabrous outside, hairy inside; lobeselliplic. 8- l5 mm iong,5-7 mm wide, glabrous. ,l ntftersI l- l4 mm long,attached 5-8 mm fromtheir apices,inserted 3-,1 mm belowthe sinuses ofthe corolla lobes, partially included, the tips excceding thc corollatubeby scveralm illimetres.S',-,-1e I 8-3 5 mm long,cxceeding the corollatube by severalmillimetrcs: stigmaticlobes 4 or 5. I 0- l2 mm long. (hary with placentas4 or 5. Fruit subsphericalto ovoid, 30-55mm long,25-40mm diameter,smooth when maturc (striatewhen dry), abruptlytapering into arobust pedicel,l5-20 mm long;apexconstricted into ac. 6 mm longhypanthialcollar;calyx persistent, coriaceous w ith6( 7) robust,linear lobes, l0-25 mm long,laterally flattened, 2-3 mm wide,spreading; exocarp pale green whilst developing,l,ellowish brou'n when mature;mesocarp 5-7 mm thick, inner part sclcrcnchymatousand fused to endocarp,brittle, I -2mm thick. Seeds5.5-6.6 mm diameter,L 5- L8 mm thick;hilum occupyingonc third to onehalfofthe perimeter;seed coat brown; exotestal cells sinuate in outline,thickening of innertangcntial and lower part ofradial walls reticulate.

,ldditionalspecimens exanined (16). NORTHERN TERRITORY: DARWIN & GULF DISTRICT: MelvilleIsland, c. I l'33'S, 130'34'8.l0 June1973,Dunlop 3058 (DNA 7554);BathurstIsland, 11'45'S, , l3 0'3 5'E,l4 Dec.I 975, Stevenson 128 (DNA I 0452);road behveen 3-ways and Garden Point, Melville Island.23June 1971. Brooter3 I 82(CANB, DNA l6487,NSW);l3.4 miles [21 .6 km] SofAdetaide River r

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Gardeniamegqspermdpro pqrle:C.A.Gardner, Botanical not{]s. Kimberleyregion of WestemAustmlia 92(1923), Enum. Pl. Austral. Occ. 122 ( 1930).

Gqrden ict sp. A,C.F. Puttock ,Ir: J.R. Wheelerela/., Floraofthe Kimberley Region 913, fig.281C (l992).

Facultativelydeciduous small /ree to 6 m high;trunkat breast height to 150mm diameter.B.rr,t to l0 mmthick,smooth, furfuraceous glaucous mauve todark brown bark;outerbark layeredwith orange blaze;inner bark blazetan. Leab tr.)igs5-6 mm in diameter,tomentose..SltPrle.t conical, notmammilliform, 6-I 2 mm long,tomentose. le.rues pale green, tomentose, subsess ile, with verydense shorl hairs; lam ina ovateto broadlyovate, 32-65 mm long,25-55mm, with a cordatebase and obtuse apex;sccondary vcins I I to 14 pairsl60-70" to the midvein,raised above and below; tertiary venation percurrcnt, opaque; ciliatedpit domatia,wh en present, small and inconspicuous. F/opels tomentose; pedicel to 4 mm long. Hypanthiun 2-4 mm long, with severalridges. Catx tube crateriform, l0- l7 mm long, chartaceous betweenthin coriaceouslobe-ridges, usually splitting along 2 linesonly; lobes 5(6), poorly developed, I inear,to 3 mm long,c. I mm w ide,connate with the chartaceous lube. Corolla6- to 8-merous;tube cylindrical,10-12 mm long,c. 3 mm in diametcr,sericeous outside, tomentose insidei lobes ovate, 9- l2 mm long,5-6 mm wide,sericeous. ,1nthers c.7 mmlongattached3-4 mm fromtheirapices,inserted 2-3mm belowthe sinuses ofthe corollalobes, partially included, the tips exceeding the corolla tube by I mm. Sqy/el0-21 mm long,tomentose. Ordry with 4 placentas.Frrll ovoidto obovoid,20-25mm long, l5- l8 mm diameter,smooth (not striate when dry), tomentose, abruptly tapering into a pedicel3-4 rnm Iong;calyx persistent, the tube 10-i 5 mm longand lobes 2-5 mm long,erect. S'eeds unknown.

Additionalspecimens eronined(6'1.9,1ESTERN AUSTRALIA. GARDNERDISTRICT: CracticusFalls, DrysdaletuverNationalPark, 14'4?'S, 127"05'E,9 Aug.l9'7 5, Kenneally4139(PERTH);PseudomysHills, DrysdaleRiverNationalPark, 15" l7'S, 127'12'E,8 Aug. 1975, K enneally 407 4 (PERTI I);PseudomysHills, l5" l7'S, 127'12'E,8Aug.1975, Kennealt4l05 (PERTIl).FITZGERALD DISTRICT: W sideofRuss Creek,Gibb Riverroad, l6'02'S, 126'41'8, l3 July 1987,Prl/oc4UNSW 20672 (UNSw);ditto, Prrl.)cL UNSW20673 (UNSW); ditto, P uttoc kUNSW 20674 (UNSW).

Distrihutionund hqbitat. A localendemic species growing in savannahwoodland on sandyplains and screeslopes near RussCreek on thc Gibb River road in the FitzgeraldDistrict and of thc PseudomysHills, Drysdale RivcrNational Park in the adjacent CentralGardner Districtofthe Kimberley region.(Figure 9)

Phenolog,,.Flowering specimen collected in July; leavesfully developed.The flowersare mildly perfumed.Mature fruits unknown.

(:ansenation status.Although known only from few specimensit isapparently locally common.CALM ConseryationCodes fbr WestemAustralian Flora: Priority Three.

'serlcen' Et),^mologt.Named after the soft velvety indumentumof the leavesand young stems.

Vernacular nqme.None known.

AlJinities. This speciesappears to be relatedtoGdrdenia megarpe,'m a with which it hasuntil now bcen confuscd.It differsby itssubsessile leaves with longsericeous indumentum, and smaller florvers and fruits. a

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"Bolanical Gardner,C A. (1921) notes.Kimberley l)ivision of WesternAuslralia." ForcslsDepartrrent Ilullelil] 32 (Forcsts Dcpar1nrcnl:Perth.) (lcorgc,A.S & Kenneally.K.F. (1975) A hiologicalsur!ey ol thc PrinccRcgcnt River liesene,Nonh-Wcsl Kimberle) . "Wildlila Westerrr ustraliain August. 197,1./rr Miles, J M. & tlurbidge.A.A (sds), Rcsearchllullelin, Wcslenr Australia." Vol 3 (Depanmenlol Iisheriesand Wildliltr l'€rth.) 1l!land, l]P.ll.(1982). A rcviscdcard key to tirerainfbrest ofnorlh Queensland,bascd on lcal and bark ltatLrres.- (CSIRO: Mclbourne.) Muelier. l, (1858). FragmcnlaPhylographiae Auslraliae. Vol L ((lovernmcnl Prirler: Mclboume.) Mueller, Ir (1887). S)slcmaticlin ofplanls collectedat l-acrangellay by J. A. Panton. Irans. & Proc. Ro). Geog. Soc. ol Auslralas (Victorian llran0h) .l-4:15-49 "Planls Pelheram.R.J. & Kok, B. (1981). oflhc Kimberlel Region ol WeslernAuslralia. (tJDivcrsilyof westenr Ausualia Press:Ncdlands.) Putlock, C F. (1988). A revision ol Odrdeni,:1Ellis (Rubiaccac)lion northcaslcrnQuccn5land Austrobaileya2: ,113-44 9 Pu{tock, C. Ir. (1989) Kaitatsenia I irvengadun encr./ Pullock ( Gardeniea€)ln ALrslralia. Austrohailcya l:5l-61. "Flora Putlock.C F. (1992\ G rd(niu /, Whcclc..J.R . Ryc. 8.1..,Koch. B.l- & Wilson. A J G. of the Klmberlcy ' Region pp 909-914 (CAl-Mr Perth.) Puttock,C F (1991) Thc morphologyand gencricposilion ol Australian,{dildaertd (RubiaceaerGardenia). Nordis Journal ol llotan,v l1:5I5-526. I'uttock,Cl.F. (in prcss) A Revisiono f ,, /r.?.r.,.d,'trrSchlt e/ K.Krausc(Cardcnieaer Rubiaceae) in Australiaand new combinalionslbr some extra-Aus{raliaDlaxa. Auslral. Sysl. I}ot. Pullock,C lr & Quinn. C.J. (in prcss). Genericconcepts in AustralianGardenieae (Rubiaceae) : a cladislicapproach. Auskal Syst. Bot "n I,ullock, C.lr. & Watedrousc.J.l. (1981). l.loristicsune] ol the Jabilukaarca. /r: l\{orlc}, A (cd.), Review of JabilukaEnvi(nrmcnlal Studies Vol. 5. (PancontinentalMining Lld: Sydncy.) 'lhe Tcppcr.J.G.O (1893). Uoraol Rocbucklla!, West Australia lrans & Proc.Rep. Roy Soc SouthAustralia lT: I3,20 Verdcoun. ll. (1979). Noles or ^tiican Ga enid (Ruhiacede). Kcw Bullclin 34:345360.