Cooperate-And-Radiate Co-Evolution Between Ants and Plants
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Floral Volatiles Play a Key Role in Specialized Ant Pollination Clara De Vega
FLORAL VOLATILES PLAY A KEY ROLE IN SPECIALIZED ANT POLLINATION CLARA DE VEGA1*, CARLOS M. HERRERA1, AND STEFAN DÖTTERL2,3 1 Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida de Américo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain 2 University of Bayreuth, Department of Plant Systematics, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany 3 Present address: University of Salzburg, Organismic Biology, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria Running title —Floral scent and ant pollination * For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Tel: +34 954466700 Fax: + 34 954621125 1 ABSTRACT Chemical signals emitted by plants are crucial to understanding the ecology and evolution of plant-animal interactions. Scent is an important component of floral phenotype and represents a decisive communication channel between plants and floral visitors. Floral 5 volatiles promote attraction of mutualistic pollinators and, in some cases, serve to prevent flower visitation by antagonists such as ants. Despite ant visits to flowers have been suggested to be detrimental to plant fitness, in recent years there has been a growing recognition of the positive role of ants in pollination. Nevertheless, the question of whether floral volatiles mediate mutualisms between ants and ant-pollinated plants still remains largely unexplored. 10 Here we review the documented cases of ant pollination and investigate the chemical composition of the floral scent in the ant-pollinated plant Cytinus hypocistis. By using chemical-electrophysiological analyses and field behavioural assays, we examine the importance of olfactory cues for ants, identify compounds that stimulate antennal responses, and evaluate whether these compounds elicit behavioural responses. Our findings reveal that 15 floral scent plays a crucial role in this mutualistic ant-flower interaction, and that only ant species that provide pollination services and not others occurring in the habitat are efficiently attracted by floral volatiles. -
Above-Belowground Effects of the Invasive Ant Lasius Neglectus in an Urban Holm Oak Forest
U B Universidad Autónoma de Barce lona Departamento de Biología Animal, de Biología Vegetal y de Ecología Unidad de Ecología Above-belowground effects of the invasive ant Lasius neglectus in an urban holm oak forest Tesis doctoral Carolina Ivon Paris Bellaterra, Junio 2007 U B Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona Departamento de Biología Animal, de Biología Vegetal y de Ecología Unidad de Ecología Above-belowground effects of the invasive ant Lasius neglectus in an urban holm oak forest Memoria presentada por: Carolina Ivon Paris Para optar al grado de Doctora en Ciencias Biológicas Con el Vº. Bº.: Dr Xavier Espadaler Carolina Ivon Paris Investigador de la Unidad de Ecología Doctoranda Director de tesis Bellaterra, Junio de 2007 A mis padres, Andrés y María Marta, y a mi gran amor Pablo. Agradecimientos. En este breve texto quiero homenajear a través de mi más sincero agradecimiento a quienes me ayudaron a mejorar como persona y como científica. Al Dr Xavier Espadaler por admitirme como doctoranda, por estar siempre dispuesto a darme consejos tanto a nivel profesional como personal, por darme la libertad necesaria para crecer como investigadora y orientarme en los momentos de inseguridad. Xavier: nuestras charlas más de una vez trascendieron el ámbito académico y fue un gustazo escucharte y compartir con vos algunos almuerzos. Te prometo que te enviaré hormigas de la Patagonia Argentina para tu deleite taxonómico. A Pablo. ¿Qué puedo decirte mi amor qué ya no te haya dicho? Gracias por la paciencia, el empuje y la ayuda que me diste en todo momento. Estuviste atento a los más mínimos detalles para facilitarme el trabajo de campo y de escritura. -
University of Copenhagen
Using Nutritional Geometry to Explore How Social Insects Navigate Nutritional Landscapes Crumiere, Antonin J. J.; Stephenson, Calum J.; Nagel, Manuel; Shik, Jonathan Z. Published in: Insects DOI: 10.3390/insects11010053 Publication date: 2020 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Crumiere, A. J. J., Stephenson, C. J., Nagel, M., & Shik, J. Z. (2020). Using Nutritional Geometry to Explore How Social Insects Navigate Nutritional Landscapes. Insects, 11(1), [53]. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11010053 Download date: 09. apr.. 2020 insects Review Using Nutritional Geometry to Explore How Social Insects Navigate Nutritional Landscapes Antonin J. J. Crumière 1,* , Calum J. Stephenson 1, Manuel Nagel 1 and Jonathan Z. Shik 1,2 1 Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; [email protected] (C.J.S.); [email protected] (M.N.); [email protected] (J.Z.S.) 2 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 4 December 2019; Accepted: 11 January 2020; Published: 15 January 2020 Abstract: Insects face many cognitive challenges as they navigate nutritional landscapes that comprise their foraging environments with potential food items. The emerging field of nutritional geometry (NG) can help visualize these challenges, as well as the foraging solutions exhibited by insects. Social insect species must also make these decisions while integrating social information (e.g., provisioning kin) and/or offsetting nutrients provisioned to, or received from unrelated mutualists. In this review, we extend the logic of NG to make predictions about how cognitive challenges ramify across these social dimensions. -
Hybridization in Ants
Rockefeller University Digital Commons @ RU Student Theses and Dissertations 2020 Hybridization in Ants Ian Butler Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/ student_theses_and_dissertations Part of the Life Sciences Commons HYBRIDIZATION IN ANTS A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of The Rockefeller University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Ian Butler June 2020 © Copyright by Ian Butler 2020 HYBRIDIZATION IN ANTS Ian Butler, Ph.D. The Rockefeller University 2020 Interspecific hybridization is a relatively common occurrence within all animal groups. Two main factors make hybridization act differently in ants than in other species: eusociality and haplodiploidy. These factors serve to reduce the costs of interspecific hybridization in ants while simultaneously allowing them to take advantage of certain benefits. Eusociality may mitigate the effects of hybridization by allowing hybrids to be shunted into the worker caste, potentially reducing the effects of hybrid sterility. In haplodiploid species, males do not have a father. They instead develop from unfertilized eggs as haploid clones of their mother. This means that interspecifically mated queens do not completely sacrifice reproductive potential even if all hybrids are sterile because they can still produce fertile males. These factors in turn suggest that hybridization should be more common among the social Hymenoptera than other animal groups. Nevertheless, current data suggest that ants hybridize at rates similar to other animal groups, although these data are limited. Furthermore, there is a large amount of overlap between cases of interspecific hybridization and cases of genetic caste determination. A majority of the cases in ants where caste is determined primarily by genotype are associated with hybridization. -
PCR Primers for Polymorphic Microsatellite Loci in the Facultatively Polygynous Plant-Ant Petalomyrmex Phylax (Formicidae)
MEN_254.fm Page 404 Tuesday, November 12, 2002 9:59 PM Molecular Ecology Notes (2002) 2, 404–407 doi: 10.1046/j.1471-8278 .2002.00254.x PRIMERBlackwell Science, Ltd NOTE PCR primers for polymorphic microsatellite loci in the facultatively polygynous plant-ant Petalomyrmex phylax (Formicidae) A. DALECKY,* G. DEBOUT,* G. MONDOR,† J.-Y. RASPLUS† and A. ESTOUP† *CEFE–CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, †INRA–CBGP, campus international de Baillarguet, 34988 Montferrier/Lez Cedex, France Abstract Fourteen microsatellite loci were isolated and their level of polymorphism characterized in two populations of the facultatively polygynous plant-ant Petalomyrmex phylax (Formici- nae). High levels of within-population variation were observed at most loci, with number of alleles ranging from two to 15, and heterozygosity from 0.050 to 0.925. Cross-species amplification of these loci was also tested in four plant-ant species belonging to three other genera, Aphomomyrmex, Cladomyrma (both Formicinae) and Cataulacus (Myrmicinae). Keywords: Formicidae, microsatellites, Myrmelachistini, plant-ant relationships, Petalomyrmex, social insect Received 27 February 2002; revision received 9 May 2002; accepted 9 May 2002 Communal breeding in eusocial species, particularly then constructed by ligating 400–900 bp Sau3A-digested the occurrence of multiple reproductive individuals in DNA (50 ng) into a pUC-18 phagemic vector (Amersham) the same colony, provides opportunities to study con- and transforming Epicurian coli Supercompetent Cells flicts within societies (e.g. reproductive and sex alloca- (Stratagene). A total of 1763 transformant (white) clones tion, reproductive skew; Bourke & Franks 1995; Crozier was transferred on Hybon-N nylon membranes (Amer- & Pamilo 1996). -
Evaluating the Impacts of Climate Change on Ant Biodiversity in the Temperate Forest Communities of the Northeastern United States
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses Fall November 2014 TURNING UP THE HEAT ON THE LITTLE THINGS THAT RUN THE WORLD: EVALUATING THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ANT BIODIVERSITY IN THE TEMPERATE FOREST COMMUNITIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES Israel Del Toro University of Massachusetts - Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2 Part of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Del Toro, Israel, "TURNING UP THE HEAT ON THE LITTLE THINGS THAT RUN THE WORLD: EVALUATING THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ANT BIODIVERSITY IN THE TEMPERATE FOREST COMMUNITIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES" (2014). Doctoral Dissertations. 176. https://doi.org/10.7275/vk8p-ae52 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/176 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TURNING UP THE HEAT ON THE LITTLE THINGS THAT RUN THE WORLD: EVALUATING THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ANT BIODIVERSITY IN THE TEMPERATE FOREST COMMUNITIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES A Dissertation Presented by ISRAEL DEL TORO Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SEPTEMBER 2014 Organismic and Evolutionary Biology © Copyright by Israel Del Toro 2014 All Rights Reserved TURNING UP THE HEAT ON THE LITTLE THINGS THAT RUN THE WORLD: EVALUATING THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ANT BIODIVERSITY IN THE TEMPERATE FOREST COMMUNITIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES A Dissertation Presented by ISRAEL DEL TORO Approved as to style and content by: _______________________________________ Aaron M. -
Than Just Deadly Mandibles
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 115: 268–295, 2018 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2018.027 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Ants of the genus Protalaridris (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), more than just deadly mandibles JOHN E. LATTKE 1, THIBAUT DELSINNE 2, GARY D. ALPERT 3 and ROBERTO J. GUERRERO 4 1 Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Société d’Histoire Naturelle Alcide-d’Orbigny, 57 rue de Gergovie, 63170 Aubière, France; e-mail: [email protected] 3 Museum of Northern Arizona, 3100 North Fort Valley Rd., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA; e-mail: [email protected] 4 Grupo Insectos Neotropicales, Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32, N° 22-08, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Formicidae, Attini, Protalaridris, taxonomy, morphology, mandible, distribution, predation, Haidomyrmecini Abstract. The ants of the genus Protalaridris are revised based upon their morphology. Seven species are recognized; the type species (P. armata Brown, 1980) and six species described as new: P. aculeata Lattke & Alpert, sp. n., P. arhuaca Guerrero, Lattke & Alpert, sp. n., P. bordoni Lattke, sp. n., P. leponcei Delsinne & Lattke, sp. n., P. loxanensis Lattke, sp. n., and P. punctata Lattke, sp. n. The genus is patchily distributed in mesic forested areas from western Panama to northern Venezuela and along the Andes to the Amazon watershed of southwestern Peru. The generic description is modifi ed to accommodate a short-mandibulate species. Sporadic biological observations of one long-mandibulate species suggest they are sit-and-wait ambush predators that open their jaws to approximately 180° when stalking. -
Phylogeny and Biogeography of a Hyperdiverse Ant Clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title The evolution of myrmicine ants: Phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2tc8r8w8 Journal Systematic Entomology, 40(1) ISSN 0307-6970 Authors Ward, PS Brady, SG Fisher, BL et al. Publication Date 2015 DOI 10.1111/syen.12090 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Systematic Entomology (2015), 40, 61–81 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12090 The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) PHILIP S. WARD1, SEÁN G. BRADY2, BRIAN L. FISHER3 andTED R. SCHULTZ2 1Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A., 2Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, U.S.A. and 3Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A. Abstract. This study investigates the evolutionary history of a hyperdiverse clade, the ant subfamily Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), based on analyses of a data matrix comprising 251 species and 11 nuclear gene fragments. Under both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods of inference, we recover a robust phylogeny that reveals six major clades of Myrmicinae, here treated as newly defined tribes and occur- ring as a pectinate series: Myrmicini, Pogonomyrmecini trib.n., Stenammini, Solenop- sidini, Attini and Crematogastrini. Because we condense the former 25 myrmicine tribes into a new six-tribe scheme, membership in some tribes is now notably different, espe- cially regarding Attini. We demonstrate that the monotypic genus Ankylomyrma is nei- ther in the Myrmicinae nor even a member of the more inclusive formicoid clade – rather it is a poneroid ant, sister to the genus Tatuidris (Agroecomyrmecinae). -
V. 15 N. 1 Janeiro/Abril De 2020
v. 15 n. 1 janeiro/abril de 2020 Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Ciências Naturais v. 15, n. 1 janeiro-abril 2020 BOLETIM DO MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI. CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS (ISSN 2317-6237) O Boletim do Museu Paraense de História Natural e Ethnographia foi criado por Emílio Goeldi e o primeiro fascículo surgiu em 1894. O atual Boletim é sucedâneo daquele. IMAGEM DA CAPA Elaborada por Rony Peterson The Boletim do Museu Paraense de História Natural e Ethnographia was created by Santos Almeida e Lívia Pires Emilio Goeldi, and the first number was issued in 1894. The present one is the do Prado. successor to this publication. EDITOR CIENTÍFICO Fernando da Silva Carvalho Filho EDITORES DO NÚMERO ESPECIAL Lívia Pires do Prado Rony Peterson Santos Almeida EDITORES ASSOCIADOS Adriano Oliveira Maciel Alexandra Maria Ramos Bezerra Aluísio José Fernandes Júnior Débora Rodrigues de Souza Campana José Nazareno Araújo dos Santos Junior Valéria Juliete da Silva William Leslie Overal CONSELHO EDITORIAL CIENTÍFICO Ana Maria Giulietti - Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - Feira de Santana - Brasil Augusto Shinya Abe - Universidade Estadual Paulista - Rio Claro - Brasil Carlos Afonso Nobre - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - São José dos Campos - Brasil Douglas C. Daly - New York Botanical Garden - New York - USA Hans ter Steege - Utrecht University - Utrecht - Netherlands Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira - Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi - Belém - Brasil John Bates - Field Museum of Natural History - Chicago - USA José Maria Cardoso da -
Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)
JÚLIO CEZAR MÁRIO CHAUL ESTUDOS MORFOLÓGICOS E TAXONÔMICOS DO GÊNERO STRUMIGENYS SMITH (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE: MYRMICINAE) Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, para obtenção do título de Magister Scientiae. VIÇOSA MINAS GERAIS - BRASIL 2018 Ficha catalográfica preparada pela Biblioteca Central da Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Câmpus Viçosa T Chaul, Júlio Cezar Mário, 1989- C497e Estudos morfológicos e taxonômicos do gênero S 2018 trumigenys Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) / Júlio Cezar Mário Chaul. – Viçosa, MG, 2018. vi, 102 f. : il. ; 29 cm. Texto em inglês. Orientador: José Henrique Schoereder. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Inclui bibliografia. 1. Formigas - Morfologia. 2. Formigas - Filogenia. 3. Biodiversidade. 4. Zoologia - Classificação. I. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Entomologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia. II. Título. CDD 22. ed. 595.796 AGRADECIMENTOS Sou imensamente grato ao professor José Henrique Schoereder, o Zhé. A produção intelectual depende, antes de qualquer coisa, da liberdade em se discutir uma ideia boba, de poder propor ideias próprias, ou de se arriscar por em prática um projeto pouco convencional. Observei total apoio do Zhé a tudo isso durante os anos que passei no Laboratório de Ecologia de Comunidades, tanto para com alunos da pós quanto da graduação. Os que aproveitaram deste ambiente seguramente reconhecerão a importância desta postura do Zhé na sua formação. Além disso, mesmo tendo interesses bastante distintos da linha de pesquisa principal do laboratório, fui aceito e integrado ao grupo como qualquer outro aluno e, por isso, sou duplamente grato. Agradeço aos membros do Labecol que conviveram comigo ao longo destes sete anos pela amizade. -
Synonymic List of Neotropical Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
BIOTA COLOMBIANA Special Issue: List of Neotropical Ants Número monográfico: Lista de las hormigas neotropicales Fernando Fernández Sebastián Sendoya Volumen 5 - Número 1 (monográfico), Junio de 2004 Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Biota Colombiana 5 (1) 3 -105, 2004 Synonymic list of Neotropical ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Fernando Fernández1 and Sebastián Sendoya2 1Profesor Asociado, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, AA 7495, Bogotá D.C, Colombia. [email protected] 2 Programa de Becas ABC, Sistema de Información en Biodiversidad y Proyecto Atlas de la Biodiversidad de Colombia, Instituto Alexander von Humboldt. [email protected] Key words: Formicidae, Ants, Taxa list, Neotropical Region, Synopsis Introduction Ant Phylogeny Ants are conspicuous and dominant all over the All ants belong to the family Formicidae, in the superfamily globe. Their diversity and abundance both peak in the tro- Vespoidea, within the order Hymenoptera. The most widely pical regions of the world and gradually decline towards accepted phylogentic schemes for the superfamily temperate latitudes. Nonetheless, certain species such as Vespoidea place the ants as a sister group to Vespidae + Formica can be locally abundant in some temperate Scoliidae (Brother & Carpenter 1993; Brothers 1999). countries. In the tropical and subtropical regions numerous Numerous studies have demonstrated the monophyletic species have been described, but many more remain to be nature of ants (Bolton 1994, 2003; Fernández 2003). Among discovered. Multiple studies have shown that ants represent the most widely accepted characters used to define ants as a high percentage of the biomass and individual count in a group are the presence of a metapleural gland in females canopy forests. -
Function, Evolution, and Specificity of Ant-Microbe Associa- Tions from Trunk to Tips of the Ant Phylogeny (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Myrmecological News 24 43-69 Online Earlier, for print 2017 Hotspots for symbiosis: function, evolution, and specificity of ant-microbe associa- tions from trunk to tips of the ant phylogeny (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Jacob A. RUSSELL , Jon G. SANDERS & Corrie S. MOREAU Abstract Ants are among the world's most abundant and dominant non-human animals. Yet in spite of our growing knowledge of microbes as important associates of many animals, we have only begun to develop a broad understanding of the ants' microbial symbionts and their impacts across this diverse family (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). With an impressive degree of niche diversification across their ~ 140 million year history, evolution has performed a range of natural experiments among the ants, allowing studies of symbiosis through a lens of comparative biology. Through this lens it is gradually becoming clear that specialized symbioses can be gained or lost in conjunction with important shifts in ant biology, ranging from dietary ecology to investment in chemical defense. Viewing symbiosis across the ant phylogeny has also lent an additional insight – that the presence of specialized and ancient microbial symbionts is a patchily distributed attribute of ant biology. In fact, recent evidence suggests that several groups of ants harbor very few microbial symbionts – at least those of a eubacterial nature. These combined findings raise the possibility that the importance of symbiosis has fluctuated throughout the evolutionary history of the ants, making "hotspot" lineages stand out amongst potential symbiotic coldspots. In this review, we discuss these phenomena, highlighting the evidence for symbiont turnover and symbiotic hotspots that has accumulated largely over the past decade.