sign in sign up
<<
Home , History of Paris

Le Grand Pari(s) or Wagers on Greater , Present and Future

Class code ARTH-UA 9850-001

Instructor Details Professor Barbara Shapiro Comte

[email protected] Office location: Room 4.09 Office hours: Thursdays, 14h30-15h30 or by appointment

Class Details Spring 2016 Le Grand Pari(s) or Wagers on Greater Paris, Present and Future

Thursdays, 11h00-14h00 (unless otherwise indicated), including field trips under all weather conditions

NYU Paris: Room 4.11 TBC For fieldwork schedule, see Syllabus (below) & consult Site Visits handout for meeting points. Punctuality is essential. Site visits begin at the appointed hour. Two late arrivals = 1 absence.

Prerequisites Serious commitment to study Paris, contemporary and future, not as a casual tourist but as an engaged global citizen and dedicated student, through interactive class sessions and on-site investigations under all weather conditions. Participation in class and encounters with specialist guest speakers, assiduous study of assigned readings and multi-media sources. Punctuality and physical stamina on fieldwork excursions, requiring creative photo-documentation and written observation skills.

Class Description Paris by the stars in more Hollywood films than any other city. on the Thames takes close runner-up position. But more than mythic, popular-culture stage sets, these two major European capitals operate as spectacular rival models in face of real-life, 21st-century dramas. Our course concentrates on Paris through a sequence of case studies, site visits, and thematic debates crucial to its identity, survival and future—tradition contra innovation, continuity contra rupture, preservation contra demolition, obsolescence contra revitalization, human dimensions versus the megacity, the “green” city versus its asphyxiation, the “smart city” and its discontentment. We investigate controversies over the low- and high- density city, legislation on heights, protection of skyline and riverbanks, the interface between traditional and experimental building types, the balance between public and private space, residential and mixed- economy neighbourhoods, inner-city rehabilitation, gentrification, and suburban sprawl, allied to intra- and extra-muros transportation (road, rail, river). As a foil to Paris, we conclude with a comparative analysis of contemporary London to illuminate fundamental differences between these great global cities: the rational French model largely tempered by state controls against the exuberant English model predominantly driven by ultra-liberal policies. Will the third millennium ideal city emerge as a polymorphic combination of the two approaches?

Structure Fifteen sessions including in-house, interactive, illustrated lectures, participatory seminars, guest-speaker forums, videos, films, and U-Tubes, alternating with on-site investigations, boat excursion along the Seine, and group and/or independent museum visits (Crypte Archéologique du Parvis Notre-Dame, Musée Carnavalet, Cité de l’Architecture et du Patrimoine, and Pavillon de l’Arsenal).

Conducted in English.

Desired Learning to “read,” “deconstruct” and record Paris through urban and architectural terminology and Outcomes use tools to investigate, describe, and quantify/qualify its buildings, streets, urban fabric and human “pattern language.” Enduring passion for Paris, your home away from home, and a commitment to the city, depository of deep history and scene of contemporary life, a living case study for our comparative understanding of London and, by extension, other world settlements. Developing independent commitment to engage in whatever city you settle, as a responsible citizen of the global world.

Evaluation Evaluation & Grading (For detailed information on assignments & dates, see Syllabus, below.)

Active participation in class, discussions on readings, guest interventions & site visits 10% 1 quarter-term take-home assignment (Sessions 1-5 inclusive), 4 text pp + photo supplement 25% 1 midterm take-home exam (Sessions 6-8 inclusive) based on class themes & site visits 25% 1 final in-house exam (Sessions 9-14) based on PowerPoint images & major themes 25% Ongoing photo-documentary diary on Paris human-scale spaces and “junkspace” 15% Assignments & grading are based on attendance and participation in all lectures and site visits.

Assessment Grade A: Excellent work Expectations Grade B: Very good work

Grade C: Satisfactory work

Grade D: Passable work

Grade F: Failure to attain a passable level of work

Grade conversion A = 16 Félicitations/Congratulations A- = 15 Excellent B+ = 14 Très bien/Very good B = 13 Bien/Good B- = 12 Encourageant/Assez bien/Encouraging work/Quite good C+ = 11 Moyen plus/Above average C = 10 Moyen/Average C- = 9 Passable/Passing grade D+ = 8 D = 7 D- = 6

NYU Paris aims to have grading standards and results in all its courses similar to those that prevail at Grading Policy Washington Square.

2

Study abroad at Global Academic Centers is an academically intensive and immersive Attendance experience, in which students from a wide range of backgrounds exchange ideas in discussion- Policy based seminars. Learning in such an environment depends on the active participation of all students. And since classes typically meet once or twice a week, even a single absence can cause a student to miss a significant portion of a course. To ensure the integrity of this academic experience, class attendance at the centers is mandatory, and unexcused absences will affect students' semester grades. Students are responsible for making up any work missed due to absence. Repeated absences in a course may result in failure.

As per the Global Academic standard, unexcused absences will be penalized with a two percent deduction from the student’s final course grade1.

Other guidelines specific to NYUParis include:  Attendance to class and all course-related events, even outside of regularly scheduled course times, is expected and mandatory. Some class outings/make- up classes take place on Fridays  Under no circumstances will non-University-related travel constitute an excused absence from class. DO NOT book travel until you have received and carefully studied the syllabus of each of your classes.  If you are not sick enough to go to the doctor, you are well enough to go to class. Doctor’s notes will be expected for all medical-related absences.  No tests, quizzes, or exams will be made up. A missed test, quiz, or exam will result in a zero. Questions about this policy should be directed to the Academic Affairs team, not your professor.

Plagiarism Policy New York University in Paris, as an academic community, is committed to free and open inquiry, to creating an intellectual and social environment that promotes this, and to upholding the highest standards of personal and academic integrity.

All NYUP students have the responsibility to uphold these stated objectives. As a member of this community, you accept the responsibility for upholding and maintaining these standards, which include refraining from all forms of plagiarism and cheating as detailed below.

Cases of plagiarism at NYUParis will be brought to the attention of NYUParis academic administration as well as the implicated student’s home school Dean.

PLAGIARISM: a form of fraud, presenting someone else’s work as though it were your own2  A sequence of words from another writer who you have not quoted and referenced in footnotes3  A paraphrased passage from another writer’s work that you have not cited.  Facts or ideas gathered and reported by someone else4  Another student’s work that you claim as your own  A paper that is purchased or “researched” for money  A paper that is downloaded free of charge from the Internet

Cheating

1 NYU’s “Policies and procedures for students studying away at a Global Academic Center” 2 NYU’s Expository Writing Department’s Statement on Plagiarism 3 NYU Statement on Plagiarism 4 NYU Statement on Plagiarism 3

CHEATING  Copying from another student’s exam or quiz  Giving or receiving unauthorized assistance (crib sheets, internet, etc.) during an exam or quiz  Having someone take your exam

 Accessing an exam or quiz in an unauthorized fashion prior to its administration  Collaborating with other students or unauthorized persons on a take home exam  Using the same written material for two courses without the express permission of both instructors  Fabricating or falsifying data

Required Text(s) Assigned weekly readings (rf syllabus, below) are made available in three separate forms, as follows: ●Class Reader (vols. 1and 2)─Code R1, R2─to be purchased at Mistral Photo, 40 rue St Jacques,5°. ●Electronic readings─Code PDF─will be emailed to students well in advance of assignment dates. They should be photocopied for study purposes and class consultation. ●Handouts and/or website addresses ―Code P―for students to consult & print -out independently. Students are responsible for reading assigned weekly texts before each scheduled class and responding actively to related discussions in class and on-site fieldwork. Readings and personal notes should be brought to the appropriate class for consultation.

Supplemental ●Norma Evenson, Paris: A Century of Change, 1878-1978 (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, Texts(s) (not 1979). Essential chapters are assigned as key readings throughout the semester. Consult NYU/P open shelf and/or Reserve copies in either original paperback bound version (2 copies required to available) or multiple photocopies of selected chapters. purchase as copies are in ●NYUParis Reserve: NYU-P Library) Philippe Simon, Paris Visite Guidée, excellent synoptic guide with English synopses, plates, maps.

●Suggested website consultation for current Paris urban & architecture events, including walking : Pavillon de l’Arsenal, Les Promenades Urbaines— http://www/promenades-urbaines.com

Internet Research Guidelines To be distributed with quarter-term, midterm and final paper assignments.

Additional Required Sketchbook/notebook, pen/pencil, camera and/or telephone with camera & video capacity. Equipment

4

Session 1: Class-Illustrated lecture Session 1 Synoptic overview of Paris by the Seine: consideration of its expanding physiognomy intra-muros, social and January 21 political history, architecture and urban evolution over 2000 years. Exploration of thematic approaches to “Le Grand Pari(s)”: qualities of city life, demographics, social, economic, cultural, & ethnic diversity, architecture, urban design, & preservation, housing, public transportation, and air. ●Required readings ●PDF Denis Cosgrove, “Cartocity”: Cosgrove_CartoCity_2006, 1-10. ●R1 Colin Jones, “Introduction. An Impossible History of Paris?” and “Paris-. From Earliest Times to c. 1000,” Biography of a City (London: Penguin, 2004), respectively xi-xxvii and 1-36.

Session 2 Session 2: Case Study N° 1: Roman Lutetia, prehistoric & Judeo-Christian cult sites, medieval harbor & markets January 28 Tracking by foot the centrifugal centre of prehistoric to medieval Paris, from Roman bathes on the Left Bank, Quarter-term archeological remains of early human settlements, cult-sites, and medieval dwellings on the Ile-de-la-Cité, to paper assigned, medieval city hall, urban square (place), main harbor and central market site on the Right Bank. covering ●Required readings Sessions 1-5, ●R1 Anthony Sutcliffe, “Preface,” “Architecture and the Capital City,” and “Paris at the Dawn of the Renais- inclusive sance,” Paris. An Architectural History (New Haven and London: Yale U.P., 1993), ix-x, 1-7, and 8-23, notes 207. ●R1 Eric Hazan, “A Few More Wrinkles. Preface” and “Walkways. Psychogeography of the Boundary, Old Paris: The Quarters, The Left Bank Quarters,” The Invention of Paris: A History in Footsteps, trans. David Fernbach (London and New York: Verso, 2011), IX-XIV; 1-19. ●R1 Richard Cobb, “The Streets of Paris,” Paris and Elsewhere, (London: John Murray, 1998), 110-119.

Session 3 Session 3: Case Study N° 2: Rooftop Views of Paris: & Etoile February “Changement dans la continuité”: a Parisian contradiction and condition of its unique character. Reconciliations between tradition & innovation, continuity & rupture in central Paris, from impoverished medieval neighbourhods for working-class single tenants and crowded families to modern, uniform bourgeois family apartment blocks conforming to standardized designs decreed by Prefect Haussmann under III. ●Required readings ●R1 Donald J. Olsen, “The New Paris,” The City as a Work of Art. London, Paris, Vienna (New Haven and London: Yale U.P., 1986), 35-57, notes 314-315. ●PDF Anthony Sutcliffe, “Introduction,” “The Grand Design” and “The Struggle to Complete the Imperial Plan,” The Autumn of Central Paris: The Defeat of Town Planning 1850-1970 (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1971), xvi, 1-9; 11-42 and 43-77, with plates (handouts). ●R1 Anthony Sutcliffe, “The Modernist Challenge, 1918-45,” “The Vital Encounter: Modernity versus Tradition in Post-War Paris,” and “Continuity in Paris Architecture: The Dynamics of a Unique Phenomenon,” Paris. An Architectural History (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1993), 138-159, 160-199, and 200-206. ●NYUP Library Consult plates Norma Evenson, “A Place to Live,” Paris: A Century of Change, 1878-1978, 199-238.

Session 4: Class-Illustrated lecture Session 4 Accommodating the past into the living city after German Occupation of Paris, 1940-1944. February 11 La Loi Malraux: classifying and preserving historic monuments, heritage sites, and ensembles ●Required readings ●R1 Alistair Horne, “Age Seven: 1940-1969 De Gaulle,” Seven Ages of Paris. Portrait of a City (London: Macmillan, 2003), 398-425. ●R1Françoise Choay, “The Invention of an Urban Heritage,” The Invention of the Historic Monument, trans. Lauren M. O’Connell (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2001), 117-137. ●R1 Roger Kain, “Conservation Planning in : Policy and Practice in , Paris,” Urbanism, Past & Present, Winter 1978-79, Number 7, 22-34. Consult Le Marais en Héritage, NYUP library reserve.

Session 5 Session 5: Case Study N° 3: “Paris, Banks of the Seine” February 18 Examining the liquid history of the Seine: “UNESCO World Heritage Site.” Quarter-term Batobus return excursion along the Seine: disembarkment at to test viewing angles. paper due ●Required readings ●HANDOUT: UNESCO, World Heritage Sites, “Paris, Banks of the Seine,” Ile de France, n° N 485130 E2 1739, 1991, Ref. 600: deliberations and classification process: CONSULT http://whe.unesco.org/fr/hist/600 ●R1 Christof Mauch and Thomas Zeller, “Rivers in History and Historiography” and Isabelle Bakouche, “From Parisian River to National Waterway: The Social Functions of the Seine, 1750-1850,” Rivers in History: Perspectives on Waterways in Europe and North America, eds. Christof Mauch and Thomas Zeller (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2008), 1-10 and 26-40, notes 180-184.

5

Session 6 Session 6: Class-Illustrated lecture February 25 Guest speakers: Jan Wyers & Christine Nedelec, Secretary General & Adjunct Secretary General, S.O.S. Paris. Protection du Patrimoine et du Cadre de Vie. http//[email protected] Midterm paper Preserving low-scale, low-density neighbourhoods, human scale, and urban mix. assigned, Citizen action for a livable city in the spirit of Jane Jacobs and Jan Gehl: planning around the daily baguette. covering ●Required readings Sessions 6 to 8, ●R2 Jane Jacobs, “The Peculiar Nature of Cities: The Uses of Sidewalks,” “The Conditions for City Diversity: inclusive The Generators of Diversity,” and “Erosion of Cities or Attrition of Automobiles,” The Death and Life of Great American Cities (New York: Vintage Books/Random House, New York, 1992), 29-54, 143-151, and 338-371. ●R2 Jan Gehl, “The Human Dimension: Senses and Scale” Cities for People. The Neglected Dimension (Washing- ton, D.C.: Island Press, 2010), 1-29 (NYUP Res: “The Lively, Safe, Sustainable, and Healthy City,” 30-59, 60-90). ●R2 Mary Gallagher, ed., “Paris Without Skyscrapers. The Battle to Save the Skyline of the World’s Most Beautiful City,” excerpts (with editor’s permission), in collaboration with S.O.S., Paris, on-going project. •Assigned home website U-Tube consultations Jane Jacobs interview based on The Economy of Cities (1970) and The Death and Life of Great American Cities, *1961): 12 min.: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9833 Jane Jacobs, Urban Design of Toronto and Montreal c. 1969, 12 min.: *http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9833TPWSCY “Jane Jacobs vs Robert Moses: Urban Fight of the Century,” 28 min.: *http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUeuQT6t7kg “Parting Words: Jane Jacobs (Dark Age Ahead, 2004), Allan Greg interview, 20 min.: *http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBv3j8ebhRM Jan Gehl, *Clips, “Contested Streets” and “Cities for People,” *http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DMgEsUbMHSQ

Session 7 Session 7: Class-Illustrated lecture March 3 Guest speaker: Rémi Rouyer, Architect & Associate Professor, ENSBA (École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-Malaquais Tall Buildings & Towers, Intra- & Extra-Muros: Problems of Accommodation & Urban Connections Future transportation & infrastructures: revitalization, dispersal and/or decline of Paris? ●Required readings on Towers ●Evenson, “The Century Turns” to “The Tower Triumphs,” Paris: A Century of Change, 175-98. (Consult NYU/P open shelf & Reserve), 139-198, notably charts on building heights/widths, 151, 178. ● , The Radiant City [1935], trans. from original French (London: Faber, 1967), excerpts to be distributed in class. ●CIAM’s “La Charte d’Athènes” (1933), trans. A. Eardley (New York: Grossmann, 1973), excerpts to be distributed in class.. ●Required readings on Transportation ●Evenson, “The Daily Journey: Omnibus to Autobus, Suburban Rail Lines, River Transport, The Métro: The Long Debate, The Métro: Realization, and Métro, Boulot, Métro, Dodo”), Paris: A Century of Change, 76-122. (Consult NYU/P open shelf & Reserve). ●R2 Michèle Breuillard, “From Paris to Greater Paris: An Old Project, A New Approach,” Croatian and Comparative Public Administration (HKJV-CCPA, September 2012), 41-69.

Session 8 Session 8: Case Study N° 4: La Défense, extra-muros, west of Paris March 10 Investigation of the prototype high-density tower zone above underground rapid transit ●Required readings ●Norma Evenson, “The City: Plans and Projects” and “The Capital of Europe: Planning the Paris Region,” 265-326 and 327-61. Consult NYU/P (open shelf and Reserve) ●R2 Ingrid Taillandier and Olivier Namias, “The Invention of the European Tower,” “Acclimatization of a Model, 1893-1945,” “Europeanizing an American Typology” (including “The No.1 Skyscraper, Beaugrenelle/Front de Seine, La Défense, , Crimée-Curial”), and “Epilogue: Paris, Capital of Vertical Town Planning,” The Invention of the European Tower (Paris: Pavillon de l’Arsenal and A. & J. Picard, 2005), 26-39, 48-59 and 60-73. ●R2 Gwendolyn Wright, “Building Global Modernisms,” Grey Room, no.7 (“On 9/11,” Spring 2002), 124-134. ●PDF Deyan Sudjic, “High-Rise Syndrome” and “An Incurable Condition,” The Edifice Complex. How the Rich and Powerful Shape the World (New York: The Penguin Press, 2005), 347-373 and 369-383. 6

Session 9 Session 9: Class-Illustrated Lecture Rehabilitation & Gentrification: how & for whom? Transformation of inner-city, working-class neighbourhoods March 17 (in the Marais, along Canal St Martin, on the Belleville hills): investigating social & cultural mix, free-market & Midterm paper social housing, safeguarding local amenities, schools, family-run shops, indigenous workshops, artisans due (cobblers, greengrocers, bakers), and weekly outdoor markets versus global brands and supermarket chains. Start thinking about In-House ●Required readings Exam, on Monday, ●R2 Anne Clerval, “The Spatial Dynamics of Gentrification in Paris: A Synthetic Map,” trans. Angèla Verdier, May 15, covering “Urban Policy and Gentrification. A Critical Analysis Using the Case of Paris,” Espace, Société, Territoire, European Sessions 9-14, Journal of Geography, 2010, 1-16 and 1-7. inclusive. ●R2 Marie-Hélène Bacqué, Yankel Fijalkow, Lydie Launay, and Stéphanie Vermeersch, “Social Mix Policies in Paris: Discourses, Policies and Social Effects,” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, vol. 35.2 (March 2011), 256-273.

Session 10: Case Study N° 5: Canal St Martin (ARR. 10/11) & Belleville (ARR. 20) Session 10 Gentrification: inevitability in some neighbourhoods, a resistence in others. March 24 Explorations on-site reasons: urban physiology, transport, indigenous ethnic mix, schools, amenities ●Required readings ●R2 Edmond Préteceille,”Is gentrification a useful paradigm to analyze social changes in the Paris metropolis?,” EPA. Environment and Planning, 2007, vol. 39, 10-31. ●R2 Marie-Hélène Bacqué, Eric Charmes, et al., “Noissy-le-Sec, gentrification under pressure. Report from Paris’ supposed gentrification front line,” symposium, Paris, 2011, 1-13. ●P Alex Toledo, “The Uncommon Resilience of Parisian Street Life,” Magazine (16 Nov. 15) http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/16/magazine/the-uncommon-resilience-of-Parisian-street-life

Session 11 Session 11: Case Study N° 6: The Marais (ARR. 4) th March 31 Between sumptuous rehabilitation of 17 -century hotels particuliers, social housing subsidies, and pressure of global markets: delicate accommodations for Paris heritage, indigenous inhabitants, tourists, & city economy. ●Required readings, NYUP Library Reserve consultation, & handouts on the Loi Malraux ●R2 Jane Jacobs, “The self-destruction of diversity” and “Unslumming and slumming,” The Death and Life of Great American Cities (New York: Vintage, 1992), 241-256 and 270-290. ●NYUP Res. Musée Carnavalet catalogue on Le Marais : maps, documentary photos, and drawings (tbc)

Session 12 Session 12: Class-Illustrated lecture Le Grand Pari(s): high-risk planning & implementation of the future megacity. April 7 Who & what controls the city? The “Intelligent” or “Smart City” contra the “Democratic City”?

Effects of computer technology on urban & human scale & the theory and application of architectural and urban

principles. Questions on human scale and scaleless spaces, greening the city, regulating climate and pollution. ●Required readings ●R2 Antoine Picon, “People, Computers and Architecture: A Historic Overview,” Digital Culture in Architecture (Basel: Birkhäuser, 2010), 15-55. ●R2 Rem Koolhaas, Hans Werlemann, Bruce Man, “Bigness or the Problem of Large (1995)” and “What Ever Happened to Urbanism” (n.d.), S, M, L, XL (New York: Monacelli Press, 2nd ed., 1997), 495-516 and 959-972. ●R2 Rem Koolhaas,”Junkspace,” October, Vol. 100, Obsolescence (Spring 2002), 175-190.

Session 13: Case Studies N° 7, researched, coordinated and led by students Session 13 “COP21”: Paris Climate 2015 conference: Presentation of goals & results of the international conference April 14 Research on global models (eg. San Francisco recycling methods, etc.)

Greening Paris: exploring examples of replanting/seeding walls, gardens (public and private), trees, water bodies

Reconceiving/recycling unused railway tracks, empty buildings, empty lots, rooftops Feeding Paris: via outdoor fresh-produce neighbourhood markets, redistribution & recycling edible waste Management and redistribution of supermarket foodstuffs and restaurant excess: “Waste not Want not?“ Pollution control: cycling paths, Velib, controlling carbon emissions, traffic control, alternative transportation. Required readings (to be amplified by students) ●P Web Site: Robert Stavins, Harvard Kennedy School, COP21 writings on climate: “Paris can be a key step. View of the Environment, November17, 2015.” http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/26041 /cop21_the pathway_to_paris.html & ●PDF “Kyoto Protocol” ●PDF P. White, “Green Walls of Paris: An Ecological Analysis of Birds’ Use of Two Types of Vegetal Walls,” 1-39. http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic891163.files//2010.11.24PennyWhitePresentation_150.pdf 7

SPRING BREAK: Saturday, 16 April through Sunday, 1 May

Spring Break *Photo Assignment* Six (minimum) captioned documentary shots of examples of “junkspace” and “global modernisms” inspired by assigned readings, investigating Paris, and (optional) travel to other (European) cities over Spring Break. Reference to & quotes from Sessions 6-10, 12 & 14 (including U-tubes) will greatly enhance your work.

During our last Session 15 (Monday, May 15, see below),*students will informally present their work.

ASCENSION DAY HOLIDAY: Thursday, MAY 5

Session 14 Session 14: Class-Illustrated lecture Friday, May 6 Guest speaker: James Pallister, London-based architectural historian, author, and journalist MAKE-UP CLASS The London Experiment within a quasi-deregulated environment. Present conditions and future scope for the global city. The City & its towers: form follows function, fantasy and/or finance? The Banks of the Thames: for whom? Le contra Greater London: concluding images on contrasting global city models ●Required NYUParis library readings ●Lewis Mumford, “London—to the Skies!” The Highway and the City (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1963), 101-112. ●Peter Bishop, “London, Art in Regulations,” The Invention of the European Tower, Ingrid Taillandier and Olivier Namias, eds., 330-47. ●Kenneth Powell, “Introduction,” 21st Century London. The New Architecture (London: Merrell, 2011), 6-13.

●Recommended NYU/P library reserve consultation ●Kenneth Powell, New London Architecture (London and New York: Merrell, 2005). ●Kenneth Powell, Introduction, 21st Century London. The New Architecture (London: Merrell, 2011). ●James Pallister, ed., City Architecture: Redesigning the City of London 1991-2011 (London: The Architects’ Journal, 2011): notably articles by Ken Powell, Paul Finch, Richard Saxon, Frank Duffy.

Session 15 Monday, May 1 NYUParis EXAM WEEK In-house exam, 1.5h •Written exam (1.5 hours) based on comparing & contrasting 5 pairs of PowerPoint images, covering Sessions 9-15, inclusive.

+ *Photos* •Photo presentations (10-15m): Students are free to choose their own mode of class presentations informally that may or not be the same as the captioned photo work to be submitted for grading (Options: presented PowerPoint projection, black-and-white or colour photographic prints, videos, sound tapes, and/or a combination).

8

Classroom No eating in class. Etiquette No cell phones in class. No laptop computers in class unless permission is expressly given by your professors. Leaving class (before the break) to go to the bathroom or yawning in class is considered rude in France. During our 3-hour in-class, there is one 10-minute break.

Students are responsible for arriving promptly to all scheduled on-site visits (refer to separate handout Field Study on meeting points & metro connections). Etiquette For on-site investigations and field study research, cameras and cell phones with video & photo capacity are

essential documentary tools, along with note pads and pencils.

Suggested Co- Walk non-stop through Paris and its periphery as many days as possible, carrying a notebook, sketchbook, curricular Activities camera, and phone with video capacity.

Your Instructor Barbara Shapiro Comte, dual Canadian and French citizen B.A. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, double major in English & North American Literature/Studio & History of Art B.ARCH. School of Architecture, University of British Columbia M.A., Ph.D. Harvard University, Department of History of Art and Architecture

Concentrations Paris architecture and urban planning, 1660s-2000s; French architectural drawings, 17th-19th century to the computer age. French art & society, 1630s-1870s; French & society to World War II (Realism to ) Manuscripts in progress ▪ “From Drafting Room to Construction Site. A Social and Technical History of Architectural Working Drawings, Paris, 1750s-1890s” ▪ “The Villa Chinubhai: Temple of the Family Disavowed. A Case Study in Ahmedabad, India within Le Corbusier’s Fifties House and Painting Series”

Publications include: “King’s Feet to Republican Metres: The Evolution of Construction Drawings, Paris, 1782-1876,” Proceedings, 5th International Congress on Construction History, Chicago, June 3-7, 2015. ▪ “The Evolution, Standardization and Diffusion of Architects’ Construction Drawings through Printed Sources, 1750s-1850s,” La Construction savante. Les avatars de la littérature technique, Conference proceedings, Institut national d'histoire de l'art and Centre d'Histoire des Techniques et de l'Environnement, Conservatoire national des Arts et Métiers/École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, March 2005, Éditions Picard and INHA, Paris, 2008, 179-192. ▪ “Oscar Neimeyer, Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume, Paris,” exhibition review, Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 62:1, March 2003, 134-137. ▪ “UNESCO Architects’ (anonymous photographer, 1952)” and “Le Corbusier and his Totem” (Lucien Hervé, 1957), trans. into Italian, “Ritratto di architetti e consulenti del palazzo dell'UNESCO” and “Le Corbusier e il suo Totem,” “Ritratti di Architetti: Selezione dalla Collezione del CCA a cura di Phyllis Lambert,” Casabella, nos.671, 672, October-November 1999. ▪ Catalogue entries: Erich Mendelsohn, Einstein Tower (Potsdam Astrophysical Observatory), Theo Van Doesburg, and the Aubette Project, , Collection d'Architecture, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Centre , Paris, 1998. ▪ Dictionary entries: James Bogardus, Myron Goldsmith, Fazlur Khan, Chestnut-DeWitt Apartments, John Hancock Building and Sears Tower, Dictionnaire des Ingénieurs, ed. A. Picon, Centre Georges Pompidou, Le Moniteur, Paris, 1997.

Translations include: ▪ Caroline Maniaque Benton, Le Corbusier and the Maisons Jaoul, trans. Barbara Shapiro Comte, Princeton Architectural Press, New York, 2009. ▪ Alexandre Gady, The Hôtel de Sully in the Heart of the Marais, trans. Barbara Shapiro Comte, Éditions du patrimoine, Paris, 2008. ▪ Jean-Pierre Panouillé, The City of Carcassonne, trans. Barbara Shapiro Comte, Éditions du patrimoine, Paris, 2001, 2003; revised edition, 2007. ▪ Jean-Michel Leniand and Françoise Pernot, The Sainte Chapelle, trans. Charles Penwarden, copy editors, Cathy Lenihen and Barbara Shapiro Comte, Éditions du patrimoine, Paris, 2007. ▪ La Réception de l'Architecture du Mouvement Moderne : Image, Usage, Héritage. The Reception of Architecture: Image, Usage, Heritage, eds. J.-Y. Andrieux and F. Chevallier, Scientific proceedings of the Seventh conference of DOCOMOMO [Documentation et la conservation d'édifice, sites et ensembles urbains du mouvement moderne], UNESCO, Paris, April 2003; trans. Barbara Shapiro Comte, Presses universitaires de Saint-Etienne, 2005. ▪ Gérard Fontaine, The . National Opera of Paris, trans. Barbara Shapiro Comte, Éditions du patrimoine, Paris, 2001. ▪ Bernard Marrey, The , trans. Barbara Shapiro Comte, Éditions du patrimoine, Paris, 2001. ▪ Gérard Fontaine, Charles Garnier's Opéra: Architecture and Exterior Decor, trans. Elie Rea in collaboration with Barbara Shapiro Comte, Éditions du patrimoine, Paris, 2000. 9

▪ Dominique Fernandes and Gilles Plum, Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile, trans. Barbara Shapiro Comte, Éditions du patrimoine, Paris, 2000.

10